Single-payer healthcare

918:. Under this proposed bill, all California residents will be covered in the Healthy California Act SB 562 regardless of their immigration status. This bill will also include transient students that attend California institutions who purchased their healthcare program through the school. Services that will be covered by this bill will need to be determined as medically necessary by the patient's chosen health care provider. These services will range from preventive services to emergency services, in addition to prescription drugs services. SB 562 passed in the State Senate on June 1, 2017, with a vote of 23–14. When the bill was sent to the State Assembly, it was put on hold by Assembly Speaker Anthony Rendon, who expressed concern over financing. 94:

Single-payer contrasts with other funding mechanisms like "multi-payer" (multiple public and/or private sources), "two-tiered" (defined either as a public source with the option to use qualifying private coverage as a substitute, or as a public source for catastrophic care backed by private insurance for common medical care), and "insurance mandate" (citizens are required to buy private insurance which meets a national standard and which is generally subsidized). Some systems combine elements of these four funding mechanisms.

1007:. The law would establish a board called the Maine Healthcare Board which would be tasked to design, implement, and maintain a state health insurance plan called the Maine Healthcare Plan which would cover all residents of the state of Maine. However, neither the board of the Maine Healthcare Plan have been created because they are contingent on the passage of the federal legislation H.R.3775, the State-Based Universal Health Care Act. 329:(NHS). With largely public or government-owned providers, this also fits into the "Beveridge Model" of health care systems, sometimes considered to be single-payer, with relatively little private involvement compared to other universal systems. Each country's having different policies and priorities has resulted in a variety of differences existing between the systems. That said, each country provides public healthcare to all 951:. The system would have been funded by a 10% payroll tax split 2:1 between employers and employees. This would have replaced the private health insurance premiums currently paid by employees and companies. It would have begun operating in 2019 and was estimated to require revenue of $ 38 billion annually (from the Federal government and payroll taxes) and provide coverage for all residents, with no deductibles. 1031:

The Minnesota Health Act, which would establish a statewide single-payer health plan, has been presented to the Minnesota legislature regularly since 2009. The bill was passed out of both the Senate Health Housing and Family Security Committee and the Senate Commerce and Consumer Protection Committee

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and provide the sources of funding needed to implement The Healthy California Act. However, California must first obtain a waiver from the federal government which would allow California to pool all the money received from these federal programs into one central fund. A new bill, AB 1400, proposed by

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found that "it rightfully and straightforwardly concludes that M4A would provide more health care coverage at lower cost than the status quo, projecting a net reduction in national health expenditures of roughly $ 2 trillion over a 10-year period (2022-2031), while also enabling increased health care

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residents are entitled to basic health care as a fundamental right. The Israeli healthcare system is based on the National Health Insurance Law of 1995, which mandates all citizens who are residents of the country to join one of four official health insurance organizations, known as Kupat Holim (קופת

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In the face of increasing loss and the need for cost containment, NHI changed the payment system from fee-for-service to a global budget, a kind of prospective payment system, in 2002. Taiwan's success with a single-payer health insurance program is owed, in part, to the country's human resources and

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NHI is mainly financed through premiums, which are based on the payroll tax, and is supplemented with out-of-pocket payments and direct government funding. In the initial stage, fee-for-service predominated for both public and private providers. Most health providers operate in the private sector and

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In 2007, the Health Care for All Illinois Act was introduced and the Illinois House of Representatives' Health Availability Access Committee passed the single-payer bill favorably out of committee by an 8–4 vote. The legislation was eventually referred back to the House rules committee and not taken

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model that is paid for by a combination of public and private health insurances along with the element of almost entirely tax-funded public hospitals. The public hospital system is essentially free for all Indian residents except for small, often symbolic co-payments in some services. At the federal

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Cosmetic surgery and some forms of elective surgery are not considered essential care and are generally not covered. These can be paid out-of-pocket or through private insurers. Health coverage is not affected by loss or change of jobs, and there are no lifetime limits or exclusions for pre-existing

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Canada's provincially based Medicare systems are cost-effective partly because of their administrative simplicity. In each province, every doctor handles the insurance claim against the provincial insurer. There is no need for the person who accesses healthcare to be involved in billing and reclaim.

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Kahn, et al. estimate that the added cost for the private insurer health system in the US was about $ 471 billion in 2012 compared to a single-payer system like Canada's. This represents just over 20% of the total national healthcare expenditure in 2012. Kahn asserts that this excess administrative

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A 2014 study published in the journal BMC Medical Services Research by James Kahn, et al., found that the actual administrative burden of health care in the United States was 27% of all national health expenditures. The study examined both direct costs charged by insurers for profit, administration

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ran an initiative to the people (I-1600) for a statewide single payer plan called the Whole Washington Health Trust - they did not collect enough signatures to make it onto the ballot. Washington has also passed legislation to create a universal healthcare work group that is tasked with creating a

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announced his intention to seek a waiver from the federal government allowing Montana to set up a single-payer healthcare system. Governor Schweitzer was unable to implement single-payer health care in Montana, but did make moves to open government-run clinics, and in his final budget as governor,

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expenditures can save several hundreds of billions of dollars per year because publicly funded universal healthcare would benefit employers and consumers, that employers would benefit from a bigger pool of potential customers and that employers would likely pay less, would be spared administrative

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which entirely funds their healthcare (along with pension and unemployment benefits), both in public and private hospitals. People earning more than that amount are provided health insurance coverage by their employers through the many public or private insurance companies. As of 2020, 300 million

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In addition, each also has a private sector which is considerably smaller than its public equivalent, with provision of private healthcare acquired by means of private health insurance, funded as part of an employer funded healthcare scheme or paid directly by the customer, though provision can be

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The term "Scandinavian model" or "Nordic model" of health care systems has a few common features: largely public providers, limited private health coverage, and regionally-run, devolved systems with limited involvement from the central government. Due to this third characteristic, they can also be

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There is no need for a variety of plans because virtually all essential basic care is covered, including maternity and infertility problems. Depending on the province, dental and vision care may not be covered but are often insured by employers through private companies. In some provinces, private

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studied fifty years of American public opinion of various health care plans and concluded that, while there appears to be general support of a "national health care plan", poll respondents "remain satisfied with their current medical arrangements, do not trust the federal government to do what is

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In 2010, the bill passed the Senate Judiciary Committee on a voice vote as well as the House Health Care & Human Services Policy and Oversight Committee. In 2011, the bill was introduced as a two-year bill in both the Senate and House, but did not progress. It has been introduced again in the

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On February 17, 2017, SB 562, which is also known as "The Healthy California Act" was introduced to the California State Senate. This bill is a $ 400 billion plan that was sponsored by the California Nurses Association to implement single-payer healthcare in California. Under this bill, which was

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A CBO report in 1993 stated that "he net cost of achieving universal insurance coverage under this single payer system would be negative" in part because "consumer payments for health would fall by $ 1,118 per capita, but taxes would have to increase by $ 1,261 per capita" in order to pay for the

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universal healthcare system, similar to systems used in countries like Japan and Germany, with healthcare societies providing coverage for the whole populace. Prior to 1977, the country had voluntary private health insurance, but reforms initiated in 1977 resulted in universal coverage by 1989. A

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While physician income initially boomed after the implementation of a single-payer program, a reduction in physician salaries followed, which many feared would be a long-term result of government-run healthcare. However, by the beginning of the 21st century, medical professionals were again among

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New York State has been attempting passage of the New York Health Act, which would establish a statewide single-payer health plan, since 1992. The New York Health Act passed the Assembly four times: once in 1992 and again in 2015, 2016, and 2017, but has not yet advanced through the Senate after

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to run a statewide ballot initiative directing the legislature to establish a universal, publicly funded health care system that covers everyone in the state by 2024. The campaign needed 63,000 valid signatures from registered Maine voters to get on the 2022 ballot. The campaign was suspended in

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and marketing but also the indirect burden placed on health care providers like hospitals, nursing homes and doctors for costs they incurred in working with private health insurers including contract negotiations, financial and clinical record-keeping (variable and idiosyncratic for each payer).

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Additionally, in parallel to the single-payer healthcare system there are private insurers, which provide coverage for some private doctors and hospitals. Employers will sometimes offer private health insurance as a benefit, with 14.8% of the Spanish population being covered under private health

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In England, funding from general taxation is channeled through NHS England, which is responsible for commissioning mainly specialist services and primary care, and Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs), which manage 60% of the budget and are responsible for commissioning health services for their

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The CBO scored the cost in 1991, noting that "the population that is currently uninsured could be covered without dramatically increasing national spending on health" and that "all US residents might be covered by health insurance for roughly the current level of spending or even somewhat less,

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Typically, "single-payer healthcare" refers to health insurance provided as a public service and offered to citizens and legal residents; it does not usually refer to delivery of healthcare services. The fund can be managed by the government directly or as a publicly owned and regulated agency.

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Despite the initial shock on Taiwan's economy from increased costs of expanded healthcare coverage, the single-payer system has provided protection from greater financial risks and has made healthcare more financially accessible for the population, resulting in a steady 70% public satisfaction

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In contrast to the standard usage of the term, some writers describe all publicly administered systems as "single-payer plans", and others have described any system of healthcare which intends to cover the entire population, such as voucher plans, as "single-payer plans", although these usages

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signed the bill into law, Vermont became the first state to functionally have a single-payer health care system. While the bill is considered a single-payer bill, private insurers can continue to operate in the state indefinitely, meaning it does not fit the strict definition of single-payer.

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Advocates for single-payer healthcare point out support in polls, although the polling is mixed depending on how the question is asked. Polls from Harvard University in 1988, the Los Angeles Times in 1990, and the Wall Street Journal in 1991 all showed strong support for a health care system

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regardless of age, state of health or employment status, by creating a single payer health insurance system like Medicare that is comprehensive, cost effective, and publicly provided to all residents of Massachusetts?" The ballot question passed in all 14 districts that offered the question.

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The current healthcare system in Taiwan, known as National Health Insurance (NHI), was instituted in 1995. NHI is a single-payer compulsory social insurance plan which centralizes the disbursement of health care funds. The system promises equal access to health care for all citizens, and the

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The term was coined in the 1990s to characterize the differences between the Canadian healthcare system with those such as the United Kingdom's NHS. In the Canadian healthcare system, the government pays private agencies to provide healthcare for qualifying individuals. In other systems, the

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Assemblymember Ash Kalra in 2021, would have established single-payer healthcare in California under the name of CalCare. The bill was ultimately withdrawn by Kalra before a floor vote could be held on it in January 2022 because AB 1400 did not have the votes to pass if one was to be held.

468:(enterprises having less than 10 employees) and offers them free treatment even at private hospitals. For people working in the organized sector (enterprises with more than 10 employees) and earning a monthly salary of up to Rs 21000 are covered by the social insurance scheme of 504:") which are run as not-for-profit organizations and are prohibited by law from denying any Israeli resident membership. Israelis can increase their medical coverage and improve their options by purchasing private health insurance. In a survey of 48 countries in 2013, Israel's 61:

A single-payer health system establishes a single risk pool, consisting of the entire population of a geographic or political region. It also establishes a single set of rules for services offered, reimbursement rates, drug prices, and minimum standards for required services.

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Indians are covered by insurance bought from one of the public or private insurance companies by their employers as group or individual plans. Unemployed people without coverage are covered by the various state insurance schemes if they do not have the means to pay for it.

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Canadians do wait for some treatments and diagnostic services. Survey data shows that the median wait time to see a special physician is a little over four weeks with 89.5% waiting less than three months. The median wait time for diagnostic services such as

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of 1984. The government assures the quality of care through federal standards. The government does not participate in day-to-day care or collect any information about an individual's health, which remains confidential between a person and their physician.

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plan. A July 1993 scoring also resulted in positive outcomes, with the CBO stating that, "s the program was phased in, the administrative savings from switching to a single-payer system would offset much of the increased demand for health care services.

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Building upon less structured foundations, in 1963 the existence of a single-payer healthcare system in Spain was established by the Spanish government. The system was sustained by contributions from workers, and covered them and their dependants.

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Diagnostic tests defined as the following: non-emergency magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) devices; computed tomography (CT or CAT) scans; and angiographies that use X-rays to examine the inner opening of blood-filled structures such as veins and

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Any national system would be paid for in part through taxes replacing insurance premiums, but advocates also believe savings would be realized through preventive care and the elimination of insurance company overhead and hospital billing costs.

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April 2022 after collecting more than 41,150 signatures from voters across all 16 counties in Maine. In a blogpost Maine Healthcare Action said the reason was that they were not on track to collect the needed signatures by the June deadline.

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published a report in 1991 noting that "f the US were to shift to a system of universal coverage and a single payer, as in Canada, the savings in administrative costs would be more than enough to offset the expense of universal coverage."

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In 2019, California Governor Gavin Newsom appointed a "Healthy California for All" (HCFA) commission to study the feasibility of adopting a universal health care system with unified financing, such as a single-payer system, in California.

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showed that nearly 45,000 annual deaths are associated with a lack of patient health insurance. The study also found that uninsured, working Americans have a risk of death about 40% higher compared to privately insured working Americans.

4584: 784:, in which a push for universal healthcare featured prominently, single-payer proposals gained traction. Conyers reintroduced his bill in the House of Representatives in January 2017. Four months later, the bill was supported by 112 696:

spending, paying about 45% of the $ 2.2 trillion the nation spent on individuals' medical care in 2004. However, studies have shown that the publicly administered share of health spending in the U.S. may be closer to 60% as of 2002.

5119: 3873: 2269: 1108:, the initial sponsor of the bill, has described Green Mountain Care's provisions "as close as we can get at the state level." Vermont abandoned the plan in 2014, citing costs and tax increases as too high to implement. 4411: 249:

form a competitive market on the health delivery side. However, many healthcare providers took advantage of the system by offering unnecessary services to a larger number of patients and then billing the government.

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In general, costs are paid through funding from income taxes. A health card is issued by the Provincial Ministry of Health to each individual who enrolls for the program and everyone receives the same level of care.

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Pharmaceutical medications are covered by public funds, privately out-of-pocket or through employment-based private insurance. Drug prices are negotiated with suppliers by the federal government to control costs.

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According to SB 562, a Healthy California Trust Fund would be established to provide funding for the bill. Currently, states receive funding from the federal government for certain healthcare services such as

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In 2019, the total net government spending on healthcare was $ 36 billion or 1.23% of its GDP. Since the country's independence, the public hospital system has been entirely funded through general taxation.

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costs, and inequities between employers would be reduced. Prohibitively high cost is the primary reason Americans give for problems accessing health care. At over 27 million, the number of people without

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In 2002, Taiwan had nearly 1.6 physicians and 5.9 hospital beds per 1,000 population, and there were a total of 36 hospitals and 2,601 clinics in the island. Health expenditures constituted 5.8% of the

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These commissioning bodies do not provide services themselves directly, but procure these from NHS Trusts and Foundation Trusts, as well as private, voluntary, and social enterprise sector providers.

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Within single-payer healthcare systems, a single government or government-related source pays for all covered healthcare services. Governments use this strategy to achieve several goals, including

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reported that the quality of care received by Veterans Administration patients scored significantly higher overall than did comparable metrics for patients currently using United States Medicare.

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Massachusetts had passed a universal healthcare program in 1986, but budget constraints and partisan control of the legislature resulted in its repeal before the legislation could be enacted.

179:(often known as general practitioners or GPs in Canada) are chosen by individuals. If a patient wishes to see a specialist or is counseled to see a specialist, a referral can be made by a GP. 3403: 947:

The Colorado State Health Care System Initiative, Amendment 69, was a citizen-initiated constitutional amendment proposal in November 2016 to vote on a single-payer healthcare system called

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statewide universal healthcare plan by 2026. In 2021, Senate Bill 5204, a legislative version of Whole Washington's ballot initiative, was introduced into the state legislature by Senator

4693: 139: 5116: 3305: 1755: 788:, surpassing for the first time the 25% mark of co-sponsorship. In September of the same year, Sanders himself, together with 16 co-sponsors, introduced a Medicare-for-all bill in the 30:

for all residents are covered by a single public system (hence "single-payer"). Single-payer systems may contract for healthcare services from private organizations (as is the case in

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in the country. While previously this was not the case, in 1997 it was established that public authorities can delegate management of publicly funded healthcare to private companies.

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major healthcare financing reform in 2000 merged all medical societies into the National Health Insurance Service. This new service became a single-payer healthcare system in 2004.

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Asch SM, McGlynn EA, Hogan MM, et al. (December 2004). "Comparison of quality of care for patients in the Veterans Health Administration and patients in a national sample".

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Wall Street Journal-NBC poll: Michael McQueen, “Voters, sick of the current health-care systems, want federal government to prescribe remedy,” Wall Street Journal, June 28, 1991

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Liu, J. L., & Brook, R. H. (2017). What is single-payer health care? A review of definitions and proposals in the U.S. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 32(7), 822-831.

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believes that, if the United States adopted a universal health care system, the mortality rate would improve and the country would save approximately $ 570 billion a year.

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are sometimes considered to have single-payer health care services, as opposed to single-payer national health care insurance like Taiwan or Canada. This is a form of the "

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in general, are less able to afford private health insurance, and that those who can must pay high deductibles and co-payments that threaten families with financial ruin.

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found that 59% of physicians "supported legislation to establish national health insurance" while 9% were neutral on the topic, and 32% opposed it. In January 2020, The

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venture in Australia. It was instituted in 1984 and coexists with a private health system. For example, Medicare covers all of the cost for an Australian citizen in a

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voters support Medicare for all. From 2010 to 2020, all House members who supported Medicare for All won reelection including those in Republican-leaning districts.

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argued to be single-payer only on a regional level, or to be multi-payer systems, as opposed to the nationally run health coverage found in Taiwan and South Korea.

4931: 4430: 3735: 2701: 2086: 828:'s American Health and Security Act of 1993 in December 1993, finding that "by year five (and in subsequent years) the new system would cost less than baseline." 3973: 5136: 4601: 4259: 2657: 1440: 3713: 2833: 2808: 636:. Lack of health insurance is associated with increased mortality – about sixty thousand preventable deaths per year, depending on the study. A study done at 3106: 2883: 906:

co-authored by State Senators Ricardo Lara (D-Bell Gardens) and Toni Atkins (D-San Diego), Californians would have health coverage without having to pay any

772:, among other examples. The bill was first introduced in 2003 and has been reintroduced in each Congress since. During the 2009 health care debates over the 422:

levy (with exceptions for low-income earners), but mostly out of general revenue. An additional levy of 1% is imposed on high-income earners without private

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poll showed 56% of Americans favor "a national health plan, sometimes called Medicare-for-all", with support remaining steady over the previous two years.

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system, which is mostly free at the point of use and has most services provided by private entities. The system was established by the provisions of the

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The Family Business and Healthcare Security Act has been introduced in the Pennsylvania legislature numerous times, but has never been able to pass.

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is two weeks, with 86.4% waiting less than three months. The median wait time for surgery is four weeks, with 82.2% waiting less than three months.

38:). "Single-payer" describes the mechanism by which healthcare is paid for by a single public authority, not a private authority, nor a mix of both. 4370: 3399: 2411: 824:

Later, the cap on the growth of the national health budget would hold the rate of growth of spending below the baseline." The CBO also scored Sen.

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is a public healthcare system, but is restricted to persons over the age of 65, people under 65 who have specific disabilities, and anyone with

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poll: “Health Care in the United States,” Poll no. 212, Storrs, Conn.: Administered by the Roper Center for Public Opinion Research, March 1990

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The universality of the system was established later in 1986. At the same time, management of public healthcare was delegated to the different

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endorsed the concept of single-payer system for the US and published a series of articles supporting this in the Annals of Internal Medicine.

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In wealthy nations, single-payer healthcare is typically available to all citizens and legal residents. Examples include the United Kingdom's

4506: 4449: 4203: 3302: 3163: 2453: 1759: 1158:/AP poll showed 54% of respondents considered themselves supporters of "single-payer health care", and 49% of respondents in a 2009 poll for 5002: 2588: 1675: 253:

the government's organizational skills, allowing for the effective and efficient management of the government-run health insurance program.

4562: 3031:"Single-Payer Health Reform: A Step Toward Reducing Structural Racism in Health Care | Harvard Public Health Review: A Student Publication" 1937:

Lu, Jui-Fen Rachel; Hsiao, William C. (May 1, 2003). "Does Universal Health Insurance Make Health Care Unaffordable? Lessons From Taiwan".

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was ranked third most efficient in the world. In 2015, Israel was ranked sixth-healthiest country in the world by Bloomberg rankings and

4900: 4713: 1313: 5057: 4188: 855:, a single payer universal healthcare system would have saved 212,000 lives and averted over $ 100 billion in medical costs during the 781: 777: 434: 4790: 3800: 3135: 2698: 2617: 5072: 1612: 836:

cost will increase under the Affordable Care Act with its reliance on the provision of health coverage through a multi-payer system.

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Hsiao, William C.; Cheng, Shou-Hsia; Yip, Winnie (2016). "What can be achieved with a single-payer NHI system: The case of Taiwan".

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referrals to the Health Committee. On all occasions, the legislation passed the Assembly by an almost two-to-one ratio of support.

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California attempted passage of a single-payer health system by initiative in 1994, as Proposition 186, which got 27% of the vote.

846: 677: 210: 4770: 4642: 3426: 2201: 633: 4389: 4021: 3232: 2956: 856: 749: 617: 606: 3896: 3519: 3491: 1902: 5188: 629: 4221: 4079: 3752: 3646:"Universal healthcare as pandemic preparedness: The lives and costs that could have been saved during the COVID-19 pandemic" 5449: 3774: 3057:"Cost savings associated with improving appropriate and reducing inappropriate preventive care: cost-consequences analysis" 2541: 2161: 2142: 1572: 1363: 1261: 1208:

are among advocacy groups that have called for the introduction of a single-payer healthcare program in the United States.

1193: 780:, H.R. 676 was expected to be debated and voted upon by the House in September 2009, but was never debated. In the wake of 649: 513: 3848: 2632: 756:(D-MI). The act would establish a universal single-payer health care system in the United States, the rough equivalent of 4887:"Washington Universal Healthcare Coverage and Funding through Payroll, Income, and Capital Gains Taxes Initiative (2018)" 4729: 3828: 665: 598:

A number of proposals have been made for a universal single-payer healthcare system in the United States, among them the

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in 2020 alone. Roughly 16% of all COVID-19 deaths occurred in the US, despite having only 4% of the world's population.

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Galvani, Alison P.; Parpia, Alyssa S.; Foster, Eric M.; Singer, Burton H.; Fitzpatrick, Meagan C. (February 15, 2020).

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Several single-payer state referendums and bills from state legislatures have been proposed, but with the exception of

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Advocates have estimated a long-term savings amounting to 40% of all national health expenditures due to the extended

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administers national health policy, elements of which (such as the operation of hospitals) are overseen by individual

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Several nations worldwide have single-payer health insurance programs. These programs generally provide some form of

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Carroll AE, Ackerman RT (April 2008). "Support for National Health Insurance among U.S. Physicians: 5 years later".

3710: 1491:"Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development .:. Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform" 5162: 3958:"California Assembly Speaker Anthony Rendon shelves single-payer healthcare bill, calling it 'woefully incomplete'" 1804: 1174: 962:

In 2009, the Hawaii state legislature passed a single-payer healthcare bill that was vetoed by Republican Governor

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and related government agencies scored the cost of a single-payer health care system several times since 1991. The

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had appeared in every U.S. state, House Democrats introduced the Medicare for All Act of 2021 with 112 supporters.

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Galvani, Alison P; Parpia, Alyssa S; Foster, Eric M; Singer, Burton H; Fitzpatrick, Meagan C (February 13, 2020).

3348:"H.R. 676: United States National Health Care Act or the Expanded and Improved Medicare for All Act (Govtrack.us)" 2909: 508:

was ranked fourth in the world in terms of efficiency, and in 2014 it ranked seventh out of 51. In 2020, Israel's

5279: 2809:"Jayapal, Dingell to Unveil Medicare for All Act Exactly One Year After 1st Covid Cases Confirmed in Every State" 565: 535: 55: 4996:, Volume 20, No. 2. "Americans' Views on Health Policy: A Fifty-Year Historical Perspective." March/April 2001. 4484: 4465: 4329: 4162: 3934: 3185:. "Funding a National Single-Payer System "Medicare for All" Would save Billions, and Could Be Redistributive". 817:

because of savings in administrative costs and lower payment rates for services used by the privately insured."

5454: 3988: 1271: 1218: 725: 525: 430: 4280: 5331: 5234: 1460: 1205: 1129:. It has seven cosponsors, though it has never been introduced into the Washington House of Representatives. 1067: 469: 5221:"No Co-Sponsor of 'Medicare for All' Has Lost Reelection in the Past Decade (Even in GOP-Leaning Districts)" 5025: 3325: 1980: 1714: 4343: 887: 882:

Multiple legislative proposals have been proposed in the state legislature, one of the earliest by Senator

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Frank, Robert H. (2007-02-15). "A Health Care Plan So Simple, Even Stephen Colbert Couldn't Simplify It."

1411: 50:, decreased economic burden of health care, and improved health outcomes for the population. In 2010, the 5459: 5444: 3182: 1213: 805: 733: 660: 145: 4956:

Harvard/Harris poll: Robert J. Blendon et al., “Views on health care: Public opinion in three nations,”

4572:: Brian Schweitzer, Montana Governor, Sees Big Savings With New State Health Clinic. September 30, 2012. 2372:"Covid is an opportunity to make structural changes to our largest health insurance and pension schemes" 2108: 1255: 1087: 553: 322: 321:, meaning that England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland all have their own system of private and 299:" of health care systems that features public health providers in addition to public health insurance. 184: 107: 1490: 5439: 1898: 1385: 1266: 641: 464:. This aimed to cover the bottom 50% (500 million people) of the country's population working in the 262: 51: 3507:"Estimates of Health Care Proposals from the 102nd Congress" Congressional Budget Office, July 1993. 3207: 2674: 2239: 4522: 4309: 1167: 927: 588: 582: 460:

level, a national health insurance program was launched in 2018 by the Government of India, called

397: 5137:"Public Opinion on Single-Payer, National Health Plans, and Expanding Access to Medicare Coverage" 4672: 4503: 4446: 3160: 1667: 728:

as a pure form of socialized medicine because it is "owned, operated and financed by government."

4998: 2834:"'Everyone In, Nobody Out': Jayapal, Dingell Introduce Medicare for All Act With 112 Co-Sponsors" 2577: 1162:

magazine showed support for "a national single-payer plan similar to Medicare for all." Polls by

761: 613: 592: 575: 330: 326: 268: 3870:"Single-payer health care put on hold in California as leaders calls bill 'woefully incomplete'" 1329: 5469: 5206: 1230: 1189: 656: 637: 3771:"The California Single-Payer Debate, The Defeat of Proposition 186 – Kaiser Family Foundation" 165:

supplemental plans are available for those who desire private rooms if they are hospitalized.

54:'s member countries adopted universal healthcare as a goal; this goal was also adopted by the 4710: 3270: 3194: 1142: 987: 895: 871:, all have failed. In December 2014, Vermont canceled its plan for single-payer health care. 785: 624: 492: 407: 113: 5389: 4358:"Maine Healthcare Action announces suspension of universal healthcare ballot measure effort" 3931:

Official Website - Speaker Anthony Rendon Representing the 63rd California Assembly District

3127: 4787: 3796: 3657: 2613: 2053: 1604: 789: 769: 745: 701: 599: 571: 486: 403: 204: 129: 117: 78: 70: 47: 23: 4447:

Audio of House Health Care & Human Services Policy and Oversight Committee proceedings

4319:: Non-Binding Measure On Single-Payer System Passes In All 14 Districts. November 4, 2010. 3347: 845:

found that the proposed Medicare for All Act would save 68,000 lives and $ 450 billion in

648:

Backers of single-payer or Medicare for All note that minorities and the poor, as well as

8: 4743:"Vt. Senate approves single-payer plan – WCAX.COM Local Vermont News, Weather and Sports" 3469: 1895: 1093: 721: 450: 3661: 2180: 4836: 4767: 3693: 3680: 3645: 3626: 3613: 3588: 3564: 3537: 3516: 3488: 3282: 3186: 3083: 3056: 2765: 2752: 2719: 2330: 2303: 2030: 2005: 1860: 1827: 1791: 1545: 1117: 883: 465: 5261:"Proposal of the Physicians' Working Group for Single-Payer National Health Insurance" 4591:: Schweitzer's final budget proposal boosts education, health care. November 15, 2012. 4344:"H.R.3775 - 117th Congress (2021-2022): State-Based Universal Health Care Act of 2021" 3604: 2735: 1397: 5393: 5051: 4828: 4182: 3965: 3697: 3685: 3630: 3618: 3569: 3274: 3088: 2769: 2757: 2739: 2335: 2035: 1962: 1954: 1865: 1847: 1796: 1537: 1163: 757: 681: 218: 149: 135: 74: 4390:

Minutes of the House Health Care and Human Services Policy & Oversight Committee

3489:"Single-Payer and All-Payer Health Insurance Systems Using Medicare's Payment Rates" 3286: 3229: 2079:"Health Care Systems - Four Basic Models - Physicians for a National Health Program" 1549: 1533: 720:' coupled with a largely private health-care delivery system" rather than forms of " 632:

coverage in the United States is one of the primary concerns raised by advocates of

5385: 4840: 4820: 4026: 3675: 3665: 3608: 3600: 3559: 3549: 3266: 3078: 3068: 2747: 2731: 2325: 2315: 2025: 2017: 1946: 1888: 1855: 1839: 1786: 1529: 1450:

Year introduced: 1996, (From Slee and Slee, Health Care Reform Terms, 1993, p. 106)

1393: 1121: 1045: 738: 717: 423: 415: 296: 292: 281: 176: 1756:"Section from Healthy Canadians: A Federal report on Comparable Health Indicators" 966:. While the veto was overridden by the legislature, the bill was not implemented. 34:) or may own and employ healthcare resources and personnel (as is the case in the 5464: 5123: 5104: 4794: 4774: 4717: 4697: 4612: 4588: 4569: 4549: 4529: 4510: 4491: 4472: 4453: 4434: 4415: 4396: 4377: 4316: 4266: 4228: 3832: 3739: 3717: 3523: 3495: 3476: 3457: 3309: 3236: 3167: 3113: 2705: 2187: 2165: 2146: 1987: 1828:"The Impact of Single-Payer Health Care on Physician Income in Canada, 1850–2005" 1447: 1197: 1166:

in 2011 and 2012 showed 49% opposed to single-payer healthcare. In April 2019, a

991: 793: 570:"Medicare for All" redirects here. For the United States Congressional bill, see 461: 411: 402:

Healthcare in Australia is provided by both private and government institutions.

3770: 2158: 2139: 1355: 669:

have found that preventive care is more expensive due to increased utilization.

4553:: Schweitzer wants statewide universal health care program. September 28, 2011. 1201: 1146: 852:

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

825: 221:, Taiwanese people are well-nourished but face such health problems as chronic 214: 35: 5366:

from the California Nurses Association / National Nurses Organizing Committee.

3825: 3554: 5433: 4204:"Single-payer health care failed miserably in Colorado last year. Here's why" 3969: 3244: 2743: 2320: 2304:"Universal Health Coverage in India: Progress achieved & the way forward" 1958: 1920: 1851: 1843: 1245: 1235: 1097: 797: 705: 509: 505: 386: 226: 4330:"LD 1045, HP 773, Text and Status, 130th Legislature, First Special Session" 3670: 2220: 1950: 1258:– tabular comparisons of the US, Canada, and other countries not shown above 5397: 5073:"Abt SRBI - Time/Abt SRBI Poll: Most Americans Eager for Healthcare Reform" 4832: 3689: 3622: 3573: 3278: 3092: 3073: 2957:""There will be deaths": Atul Gawande on the GOP plan to replace Obamacare" 2910:"House Dems renew push for 'Medicare-for-all,' pressure Biden to move left" 2761: 2339: 2039: 1966: 1869: 1800: 1541: 1126: 963: 891: 753: 360: 4808: 4270:: State Referendums Seeking to Overhaul Health Care System. June 11, 2000. 3450: 3400:"S.1804 - A bill to establish a Medicare-for-all health insurance program" 2975:"New study finds 45,000 deaths annually linked to lack of health coverage" 2784:"Exclusive: Over 60 House Democrats are forming a Medicare for All Caucus" 1637:"In British Emergency Room, 'There's No Card To Show; There Are No Bills'" 602:

originally introduced in the House in February 2003 and repeatedly since.

4932:"Michael Moore claims a majority favor a single-payer health care system" 4138:"Colorado Weighs Replacing Obama's Health Policy With Universal Coverage" 4090: 2884:"House Democrats bring back Medicare-for-all, seeking to push Biden left" 2476:"Most Efficient Health Care 2014: Countries - Bloomberg Best (and Worst)" 2021: 1605:"A Health Care Plan So Simple, Even Stephen Colbert Couldn't Simplify It" 1240: 1105: 1004: 4999:"Americans' Views on Health Policy: A Fifty-Year Historical Perspective" 2426:"17 Government Health Insurance Schemes in India: Govt Mediclaim Policy" 1774: 333:

that is free at the point of use, being paid for from general taxation.

5189:"87% of Democrats support "Medicare for All," though Joe Biden doesn't" 3993: 2935:"The U.S. Health Care System: An International Perspective - DPEAFLCIO" 931: 915: 841: 419: 318: 27: 4777:: Vermont could be first in line for single payer. September 17, 2012. 2524:"Singapore ranked world's healthiest country, UK fails to make top 20" 1151:

right, and do not favor a single-payer type of national health plan."

433:

that considerably subsidises a range of prescription medications. The

4824: 4022:"Why California's Cowardly Democrats Scurried Away From Single-Payer" 3538:"Billing and insurance-related administrative costs in US healthcare" 911: 907: 899: 552:

Spain's healthcare system ranks 19th in Europe according to the 2018

366: 4673:"Content Manager WebDrawer - 2002 General Election Official Results" 2454:"Can universal healthcare work? A look at Israel's successful model" 140:

Comparison of the healthcare systems in Canada and the United States

4625:"New York State Assembly – Bill Search and Legislative Information" 4080:"Colorado State Health Care System Initiative, Amendment 69 (2016)" 3230:"Letters: For Children's Sake, This 'Schip' Needs to Be Relaunched" 2385: 1468: 923: 890:, SB 840 or "The California Universal Healthcare Act" (authored by 709: 581:"M4A" redirects here. For MPEG 4 filename extension for audio, see 342: 275: 5107:: Rasmussen Reports. January 1, 2010. Retrieved November 20, 2011. 5023:

AP/Yahoo poll: Administered by Knowledge Networks, December 2007:

4701:: State senator introduces Pa. health care plan. October 13, 2011. 3470:

Universal Health Insurance Coverage Using Medicare's Payment Rates

3004: 1314:

Universal healthcare was unthinkable in America, but not any more.

1066:

The state of Oregon attempted to pass single-payer healthcare via

1003:

In June 2021 LD 1045 became law without the signature of Governor

5280:"On the Doorstep With a Plea: Will You Support Medicare for All?" 1919:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

1439:

Medical Subject Headings thesaurus, National Library of Medicine.

1154:

Between 2001 and 2013, however, polling support declined. A 2007

1116:

There have been multiple campaigns for statewide single payer in

1070:

in 2002, and the measure was rejected by a significant majority.

930:. In addition to taxes, these funds would be pooled into the new 902:

has reintroduced the bill in the legislative session afterwards.

748:

is a perennial piece of legislation introduced many times in the

495:

and participation in a medical insurance plan is compulsory. All

222: 188: 4711:

Co-sponsorship Memo Family and Business Health Care Security Act

58:

in 2015 as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

4117: 3816:: "Leno reintroduces single-payer health plan." March 15, 2009. 3797:"Healthcare for All Bill Passes – Governor Threatens Veto" 3728: 3726: 765: 680:

estimated the immediate savings at $ 350 billion per year. The

549:

by the World Health Organization as the 7th best in the world.

496: 31: 5412:"Internists call for comprehensive reform of U.S. health care" 5163:"Tracking Public Opinion on National Health Plan: Interactive" 2412:"Why you should not miss out on your health insurance renewal" 1981:"New IC health insurance card expected to offer many benefits" 4989: 4987: 2498:"Asia Trounces U.S. in Health-Efficiency Index Amid Pandemic" 1155: 5304: 4055:"Newsom names picks for single-payer health care commission" 4054: 3989:"Why single payer died in the California Legislature, again" 3723: 894:), occurred in 2006 and again in 2008. Both times, Governor 3644:

Galvani, Alison P.; Parpia, Alyssa S.; et al. (2022).

3451:"Canadian Health Insurance: Lessons for the United States," 5339:, Reston, Virginia: American Medical Student Association, 4984: 1461:"Health systems financing: the path to universal coverage" 886:. The first successful passage of legislation through the 387:

Regions with hybrid single-payer/private insurance systems

3586: 2717: 2270:"Medicare levy increase to fund DisabilityCare Australia" 2168: 1640: 338: 234: 5207:"Every cosponser of medicare for all win in last decade" 4809:"US Health Reforms: America's first single payer system" 3897:"The Healthy California Act (SB 562): Executive Summary" 3374:"H.R.676 - Expanded & Improved Medicare For All Act" 2859:"Progressive Democrats Revive Medicare-for-All Campaign" 2633:"Muface y la sanidad privada, ¿de verdad tiene sentido?" 2006:"Health Care Reform in South Korea: Success or Failure?" 245:

population coverage had reached 99% by the end of 2004.

1049:

increased coverage for lower-income Montana residents.

4732:: Universal interest in health care. January 13, 2008. 4720:. Office of Representative Tony Payton, June 20, 2012. 4113:"Colorado Puts Single-Payer Healthcare On 2016 Ballot" 3980: 3054: 1032:

in 2009, but the House version was ultimately tabled.

1018:

organized as a 501(c)(3), launched a 501(c)(4) called

98:

generally do not meet strict definitions of the term.

4643:"New York Assembly Passes Universal Healthcare Bill!" 849:

annually. According to a 2022 study published in the

2297: 2295: 1573:"Single-payer is great but it's not the only option" 1386:"What We Talk About When We Talk About Single Payer" 101: 5364:

Single-payer, or Medicare for all, is the way to go

3589:"Improving the prognosis of health care in the USA" 2720:"Improving the prognosis of health care in the USA" 5414:. American College of Physicians. January 20, 2020 5070:Time Magazine/ABT SRBI – July 27–28, 2009 Survey: 3711:Vermont moves toward single-payer | Arlene Karidis 2202:"The Awkward World of Private Insurance in the UK" 954:The ballot measure was rejected by 79% of voters. 687: 237:in 2001, 64.9% of which coming from public funds. 5126:: Rasmussen Reports. Retrieved December 30, 2012. 3733:"Governor abandons single-payer health care plan" 2292: 1703: 1668:"What Makes Spain's Health Care System The Best?" 5431: 4371:Committee on Health, Housing and Family Security 3891: 3889: 3887: 3885: 3883: 3256: 3107:Barack Obama says preventive care 'saves money'. 2631:González, Alejandro Nieto (September 22, 2014). 1435: 1433: 1256:International comparisons of health care systems 605:On July 18, 2018, it was announced that over 60 5375: 5235:"Public Citizen's Plan to Win Medicare for All" 4926: 4924: 4242:"Illinois General Assembly Bill Status: HB 311" 2199: 4418:in which the bill was passed out of committee. 3220:Health Affairs, July 2002. Woolhandler, Steffi 2302:Zodpey, Sanjay; Farooqui, Habib Hasan (2018). 2301: 1251:Health care reform debate in the United States 108:Health system § International comparisons 4437:in which the bill was passed on a voice vote. 3880: 3643: 3526:, Congressional Budget Office, December 1993. 3479:, Congressional Budget Office, December 1991. 3055:Hogg, W.; Baskerville, N; Lemelin, J (2005). 3048: 2927: 1519: 1430: 337:restricted for those with conditions such as 5263:. Physicians for a National Health Program. 4921: 4800: 4072: 3303:"House Reps Introduce Medicare-for-All Bill" 3298: 3296: 2451: 1092:Vermont passed legislation in 2011 creating 414:, while it only covers 75% of the cost in a 209:Healthcare in Taiwan is administered by the 144:Healthcare in Canada is delivered through a 3517:S.491, American Health Security Act of 1993 3150: 1635:Aguirre, Jessica Camille (August 6, 2012). 4788:Vermont approves universal health program. 4745:. Wcax.com. April 26, 2011. Archived from 4135: 3366: 2651:"Informe IDIS, Análisis de situación 2013" 1994:, January 2, 2004, Accessed March 28, 2008 782:Bernie Sanders' 2016 presidential campaign 778:Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act 731:In a peer-reviewed paper published in the 676:A 2008 analysis of a single-payer bill by 616:. On March 17, 2021, exactly a year after 5277: 4806: 4129: 4013: 3927:"Speaker Rendon Statement on Health Care" 3826:Latest News on SB 801 | Senator Mark Leno 3679: 3669: 3612: 3563: 3553: 3293: 3082: 3072: 2751: 2468: 2329: 2319: 2218: 2029: 1859: 1790: 726:Veterans Administration healthcare system 714:State Children's Health Insurance Program 583:MPEG-4 Part 14 § Filename extensions 429:As well as Medicare, there is a separate 90:government both funds and delivers care. 4201: 4019: 3498:Congressional Budget Office, April 1993. 3271:10.7326/0003-4819-141-12-200412210-00010 3157:Physicians for a National Health Program 2630: 1556: 1186:Physicians for a National Health Program 1016:Physicians for a National Health Program 796:study of the 2017 proposal by economist 678:Physicians for a National Health Program 456: 5390:10.7326/0003-4819-148-7-200804010-00026 5267:from the original on February 21, 2009. 4281:"Boston Globe: Ballot Questions (2010)" 3427:"Medicare for All makes a lot of sense" 3380:from the original on September 18, 2017 3336:from the original on September 4, 2009. 3125: 3119: 2663:from the original on December 24, 2014. 2639:from the original on December 24, 2014. 2620:from the original on December 24, 2014. 2594:from the original on September 18, 2017 2566:from the original on December 24, 2014. 2227:from the original on December 16, 2015. 2208:from the original on November 16, 2016. 1936: 1729:"Provincial/Territorial Role in Health" 1634: 692:Government is increasingly involved in 574:. For the US Congressional caucus, see 545:In 2000, the Spanish healthcare system 5432: 5079:from the original on December 12, 2013 5056:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 4847:from the original on January 10, 2014. 4291:from the original on December 28, 2011 4202:Matthews, Dylan (September 14, 2017). 4187:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 4169:from the original on November 14, 2016 3986: 3876:from the original on October 31, 2017. 3855:from the original on November 3, 2017. 3777:from the original on February 22, 2012 3138:from the original on November 13, 2013 2985:from the original on February 28, 2018 2907: 2308:The Indian Journal of Medical Research 2250:from the original on February 20, 2016 1825: 1807:from the original on December 13, 2017 1735:from the original on February 6, 2014. 1665: 1615:from the original on September 3, 2017 1603:Frank, Robert H. (February 15, 2007). 857:COVID-19 pandemic in the United States 750:United States House of Representatives 317:Healthcare in the United Kingdom is a 276:Regions with "Beveridge Model" systems 267:South Korea used to have a multipayer 84: 5323: 5167:The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation 5141:The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation 5005:from the original on October 28, 2014 4938:from the original on October 12, 2011 4653:from the original on February 4, 2017 4020:El-Sayed, Abdul (February 10, 2022). 3955: 3907:from the original on November 7, 2017 3864: 3862: 3843: 3841: 3742:, Associated Press, December 17, 2014 3460:General Accounting Office, June 1991. 3424: 3354:from the original on January 31, 2010 2675:"2018 European Health Consumer Index" 2578:"La protección de la salud en España" 2548:from the original on January 3, 2013. 2240:"The structure of the NHS in England" 2190:bupa.co.uk, accessed 23 February 2009 2089:from the original on October 31, 2017 1932: 1930: 1883: 1881: 1879: 1826:Duffin, Jacalyn (November 17, 2016). 1602: 1579:from the original on October 22, 2017 1501:from the original on December 5, 2017 1418:from the original on October 22, 2017 5329: 5038:from the original on October 5, 2013 4052: 3535: 3326:"Single Payer Gets A Vote (Updated)" 3181: 2945:from the original on March 28, 2018. 2200:Bob Wachter, MD (January 16, 2012). 1779:Canadian Medical Association Journal 1773:Gray, Charlotte (October 19, 1999). 1772: 1336:from the original on October 2, 2017 1312:Gaffney, Adam (September 16, 2018). 1262:Medical deserts in the United States 1194:American Medical Student Association 1138:comparable to the system in Canada. 418:. Medicare is funded partly by a 2% 4631:from the original on June 13, 2015. 4248:from the original on June 16, 2008. 4125:from the original on July 29, 2017. 4034:from the original on March 23, 2023 3987:Koseff, Alexei (February 1, 2022). 3976:from the original on June 24, 2017. 3803:from the original on July 22, 2009. 2963:from the original on July 31, 2017. 2237: 2121:from the original on August 9, 2017 2003: 1711:"Overview of the Canada Health Act" 1690: 1678:from the original on March 19, 2014 1647:from the original on August 8, 2012 1412:"What is single-payer health care?" 1366:from the original on August 2, 2017 839:A February 2020 study published in 770:Bureau of National Health Insurance 666:The New England Journal of Medicine 286: 13: 5346:from the original on March 2, 2014 4053:Hart, Angela (December 18, 2019). 3859: 3838: 2004:Lee, Jong-Chan (January 1, 2003). 1927: 1876: 1180: 862: 26:, in which the costs of essential 14: 5481: 5278:Goodnough, Abby (June 15, 2019). 4428:Video of Senate committee session 4409:Video of Senate committee session 4110: 4001:from the original on July 6, 2023 3425:Sachs, Jeffrey (August 4, 2018). 2010:American Journal of Public Health 1908:from the original on May 12, 2008 1832:American Journal of Public Health 1398:10.1377/forefront.20170919.062040 1132: 724:". In contrast, he describes the 306: 102:Regions with single-payer systems 5404: 5369: 5357: 5297: 5271: 5253: 5227: 5213: 5199: 5181: 5155: 5129: 5110: 5091: 5064: 5017: 4975: 4963: 4950: 4907: 4893: 4879: 4851: 4780: 4761: 4735: 4723: 4704: 4683: 4665: 4635: 4617: 4594: 4575: 4556: 4535: 4516: 4497: 4478: 4459: 4440: 4421: 4402: 4383: 4364: 4350: 4336: 4322: 4303: 4273: 4252: 4234: 4214: 4195: 4155: 4104: 4046: 3956:Mason, Melanie (June 23, 2017). 3949: 3919: 3406:from the original on May 5, 2018 2908:Henney, Megan (March 17, 2021). 2616:. BOE.es. pp. 13449–13450. 2354:"India | Commonwealth Fund" 2140:'Huge contrasts' in devolved NHS 1356:"the definition of single-payer" 1330:"single-payer system definition" 978: 810:Government Accountability Office 559: 313:Healthcare in the United Kingdom 3933:. June 23, 2017. Archived from 3819: 3807: 3789: 3763: 3745: 3704: 3637: 3580: 3529: 3510: 3501: 3482: 3463: 3444: 3418: 3392: 3340: 3318: 3250: 3223: 3214: 3175: 3126:Krugman, Paul (June 13, 2005). 3099: 3023: 2997: 2967: 2949: 2901: 2876: 2851: 2826: 2801: 2776: 2711: 2691: 2667: 2643: 2624: 2606: 2570: 2552: 2534: 2516: 2490: 2445: 2436: 2418: 2404: 2378: 2364: 2346: 2262: 2231: 2212: 2193: 2174: 2152: 2133: 2101: 2071: 2046: 1997: 1973: 1819: 1766: 1748: 1739: 1721: 1696:Public vs. private health care 1659: 1628: 1591: 1565: 1534:10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.12.006 1285: 1073: 1036:2013 session in both chambers. 898:vetoed the bill. State Senator 847:national healthcare expenditure 688:National policies and proposals 566:Healthcare in the United States 325:, generally referred to as the 56:United Nations General Assembly 4915:"Washington State Legislature" 4901:"Washington State Legislature" 4807:Owen Dyer (January 10, 2014). 4083:(wiki with restricted editing) 3005:"Health Care In Rural America" 2159:NHS now four different systems 1513: 1483: 1453: 1404: 1378: 1348: 1322: 1306: 1272:Public health insurance option 1219:American College of Physicians 1211:A 2007 study published in the 975:up again during that session. 659:, although estimates from the 526:Spanish National Health System 431:Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme 256: 41: 1: 4859:"Initiative Measure No. 1600" 4691:Central Penn Business Journal 4136:Jack Healy (April 28, 2016). 3605:10.1016/S0140-6736(19)33019-3 3035:harvardpublichealthreview.org 2736:10.1016/S0140-6736(19)33019-3 2452:Sharon Segel (October 2009). 1775:"How bad is the brain drain?" 1522:Social Science & Medicine 1495:sustainabledevelopment.un.org 1299: 1206:California Nurses Association 1120:. In 2018 a 501(c)(4) called 1111: 874: 716:(SCHIP) represent "forms of ' 589:Medicare in the United States 516:in terms of life expectancy. 3542:BMC Health Services Research 3061:BMC Health Services Research 2542:"Seguridad Social:Conócenos" 2478:. Bloomberg. August 25, 2014 1319:Retrieved: February 1, 2019. 1044:In September 2011, Governor 1026: 888:California State Legislature 868: 792:(S. 1804). An analysis of a 391: 348:The individual systems are: 7: 5450:Publicly funded health care 4960:, Spring 1989; 8(1) 149–57. 4509:September 24, 2015, at the 3332:. New York. July 31, 2009. 3161:"Single Payer System Cost?" 2614:"Documento BOE-A-1997-9021" 1224: 1214:Annals of Internal Medicine 1052: 969: 942: 806:Congressional Budget Office 734:Annals of Internal Medicine 661:Congressional Budget Office 146:publicly funded health care 10: 5486: 5122:December 18, 2012, at the 5103:November 15, 2012, at the 4696:December 15, 2011, at the 4452:September 7, 2012, at the 4395:September 7, 2012, at the 4380:Minutes, January 16, 2009. 3831:December 20, 2012, at the 3773:. Kff.org. July 31, 1995. 3475:November 11, 2011, at the 2704:February 20, 2013, at the 2145:February 16, 2009, at the 1088:Vermont health care reform 1085: 1081: 1039: 580: 569: 563: 554:Euro health consumer index 523: 484: 470:Employees' State Insurance 448: 395: 323:publicly funded healthcare 310: 279: 260: 202: 133: 127: 105: 4587:December 3, 2012, at the 4568:February 3, 2014, at the 4548:January 19, 2014, at the 4528:February 3, 2014, at the 4315:November 6, 2010, at the 4227:January 16, 2014, at the 3814:Marin Independent Journal 3716:October 10, 2013, at the 3555:10.1186/s12913-014-0556-7 3522:October 12, 2011, at the 3494:October 13, 2011, at the 3166:December 6, 2010, at the 2186:January 31, 2009, at the 1899:Federal Research Division 1465:World Health Organization 1267:National health insurance 1061: 1014:, a statewide chapter of 957: 642:Cambridge Health Alliance 480: 263:Healthcare in South Korea 198: 123: 79:National Health Insurance 52:World Health Organization 5311:. National Nurses United 4773:January 8, 2014, at the 4716:January 9, 2016, at the 4222:Single-Payer Is Not Dead 3313:Becker's Hospital Review 3009:Center for Rural Affairs 2456:. Physicians News Digest 2358:www.commonwealthfund.org 2321:10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_616_18 2204:. The Health Care Blog. 2149:BBC News, 28 August 2008 2109:"WHO/Europe | Home" 1889:"Taiwan country profile" 1844:10.2105/AJPH.2010.300093 1815:– via www.cmaj.ca. 1278: 1168:Kaiser Family Foundation 1068:Oregon Ballot Measure 23 998: 519: 491:Healthcare in Israel is 444: 398:Health care in Australia 5330:Chua, Kao-Ping (2006), 4786:American Medical News: 4677:records.sos.state.or.us 4611:March 17, 2017, at the 3671:10.1073/pnas.2200536119 3128:"One Nation, Uninsured" 1951:10.1377/hlthaff.22.3.77 1020:Maine Healthcare Action 762:National Health Service 760:, the United Kingdom's 752:by then Representative 614:Medicare for All Caucus 593:end-stage renal disease 576:Medicare for All Caucus 457:multi-payer health care 406:is the publicly funded 354:National Health Service 327:National Health Service 269:social health insurance 67:National Health Service 20:Single-payer healthcare 4793:March 2, 2013, at the 4647:www.healthcare-now.org 4490:June 18, 2012, at the 4471:June 18, 2012, at the 3901:Healthy Reform Tracker 3402:. September 13, 2017. 3308:March 2, 2013, at the 3235:July 10, 2017, at the 3202:Cite journal requires 3112:June 19, 2014, at the 3074:10.1186/1472-6963-5-20 2981:. September 17, 2009. 2164:April 3, 2009, at the 1446:March 4, 2016, at the 1332:. September 23, 2017. 1231:All-payer rate setting 1190:National Nurses United 1141:A 2001 article in the 657:preventive health care 638:Harvard Medical School 536:autonomous communities 455:India has a universal 373:Health and Social Care 331:UK permanent residents 195:Canada's top earners. 5455:Universal health care 4433:June 7, 2012, at the 4414:June 7, 2012, at the 4376:June 7, 2012, at the 4265:July 1, 2017, at the 3738:July 1, 2017, at the 3456:May 29, 2005, at the 2562:. November 23, 2013. 1986:June 6, 2008, at the 1441:"Single-Payer System" 1274:("the public option") 1143:public health journal 988:nonbinding referendum 896:Arnold Schwarzenegger 737:, researchers of the 625:preventive healthcare 623:Advocates argue that 408:universal health care 114:universal health care 16:System of health care 4399:, February 25, 2009. 3536:Kahn, James (2014). 2219:Commissioning, NHS. 2022:10.2105/ajph.93.1.48 1666:Socolovsky, Jerome. 746:Medicare for All Act 702:Princeton University 600:Medicare for All Act 572:Medicare for All Act 487:Healthcare in Israel 211:Department of Health 205:Healthcare in Taiwan 130:Healthcare in Canada 48:universal healthcare 24:universal healthcare 4602:"To Save Lives..." 4494:– Bill Number 0008. 4475:– Bill number 0051. 4231:. January 14, 2014. 4220:RealClearPolitics: 3662:2022PNAS..11900536G 3656:(25): e2200536119. 3241:Wall Street Journal 3187:Dollars & Sense 2941:. August 15, 2016. 2530:. October 31, 2015. 2504:. December 18, 2020 2221:"NHS Commissioning" 1979:Fanchiang, Cecilia. 1896:Library of Congress 1700:, December 1, 2006. 1471:on October 21, 2017 1094:Green Mountain Care 722:socialized medicine 612:would be forming a 542:insurance in 2013. 451:Healthcare in India 435:Minister for Health 380:local populations. 219:developed economies 85:History of the term 5460:Health care brands 5445:Health care reform 5305:"Medicare For All" 5284:The New York Times 4142:The New York Times 3599:(10223): 524–533. 3132:The New York Times 3116:February 10, 2012. 2730:(10223): 524–533. 1717:on April 14, 2009. 1609:The New York Times 1414:. March 26, 2014. 634:health care reform 466:unorganized sector 371:Northern Ireland: 5195:. August 4, 2020. 5117:Rasmussen Reports 5098:Rasmussen Reports 4970:Los Angeles Times 4604:The Village Voice 4532:– File number 76. 4513:– File number 18. 3962:Los Angeles Times 3937:on April 21, 2020 3872:. June 23, 2017. 3753:"Proposition 186" 3243:, July 11, 2007, 3011:. August 22, 2007 2959:. June 22, 2017. 2699:What is Medicare? 2414:. April 20, 2021. 2374:. April 21, 2021. 1601:, Retrieved from 1390:healthaffairs.org 1164:Rasmussen Reports 758:Canada's Medicare 708:, U.S. Medicare, 704:health economist 682:Commonwealth Fund 177:Family physicians 150:Canada Health Act 136:Medicare (Canada) 5477: 5440:Health economics 5424: 5423: 5421: 5419: 5408: 5402: 5401: 5378:Ann. Intern. Med 5373: 5367: 5361: 5355: 5354: 5353: 5351: 5345: 5338: 5333:Single Payer 101 5327: 5321: 5320: 5318: 5316: 5309:medicare4all.org 5301: 5295: 5294: 5292: 5290: 5275: 5269: 5268: 5257: 5251: 5250: 5248: 5246: 5231: 5225: 5224: 5217: 5211: 5210: 5203: 5197: 5196: 5185: 5179: 5178: 5176: 5174: 5169:. April 24, 2019 5159: 5153: 5152: 5150: 5148: 5143:. April 24, 2019 5133: 5127: 5114: 5108: 5095: 5089: 5088: 5086: 5084: 5068: 5062: 5061: 5055: 5047: 5045: 5043: 5037: 5030: 5021: 5015: 5014: 5012: 5010: 4991: 4982: 4979: 4973: 4967: 4961: 4954: 4948: 4947: 4945: 4943: 4928: 4919: 4918: 4911: 4905: 4904: 4897: 4891: 4890: 4883: 4877: 4876: 4874: 4872: 4863: 4855: 4849: 4848: 4825:10.1136/bmj.g102 4804: 4798: 4784: 4778: 4765: 4759: 4758: 4756: 4754: 4749:on March 9, 2012 4739: 4733: 4730:Lancaster Online 4727: 4721: 4708: 4702: 4687: 4681: 4680: 4669: 4663: 4662: 4660: 4658: 4639: 4633: 4632: 4621: 4615: 4598: 4592: 4579: 4573: 4560: 4554: 4539: 4533: 4520: 4514: 4501: 4495: 4482: 4476: 4463: 4457: 4444: 4438: 4425: 4419: 4406: 4400: 4387: 4381: 4368: 4362: 4361: 4360:. April 9, 2022. 4354: 4348: 4347: 4340: 4334: 4333: 4326: 4320: 4307: 4301: 4300: 4298: 4296: 4277: 4271: 4256: 4250: 4249: 4238: 4232: 4218: 4212: 4211: 4199: 4193: 4192: 4186: 4178: 4176: 4174: 4159: 4153: 4152: 4150: 4148: 4133: 4127: 4126: 4108: 4102: 4101: 4099: 4097: 4084: 4076: 4070: 4069: 4067: 4065: 4050: 4044: 4043: 4041: 4039: 4027:The New Republic 4017: 4011: 4010: 4008: 4006: 3984: 3978: 3977: 3953: 3947: 3946: 3944: 3942: 3923: 3917: 3916: 3914: 3912: 3893: 3878: 3877: 3866: 3857: 3856: 3845: 3836: 3823: 3817: 3811: 3805: 3804: 3793: 3787: 3786: 3784: 3782: 3767: 3761: 3760: 3749: 3743: 3730: 3721: 3708: 3702: 3701: 3683: 3673: 3641: 3635: 3634: 3616: 3584: 3578: 3577: 3567: 3557: 3533: 3527: 3514: 3508: 3505: 3499: 3486: 3480: 3467: 3461: 3448: 3442: 3441: 3439: 3437: 3422: 3416: 3415: 3413: 3411: 3396: 3390: 3389: 3387: 3385: 3370: 3364: 3363: 3361: 3359: 3344: 3338: 3337: 3322: 3316: 3300: 3291: 3290: 3259:Ann. Intern. Med 3254: 3248: 3227: 3221: 3218: 3212: 3211: 3205: 3200: 3198: 3190: 3183:Friedman, Gerald 3179: 3173: 3154: 3148: 3147: 3145: 3143: 3123: 3117: 3103: 3097: 3096: 3086: 3076: 3052: 3046: 3045: 3043: 3041: 3027: 3021: 3020: 3018: 3016: 3001: 2995: 2994: 2992: 2990: 2971: 2965: 2964: 2953: 2947: 2946: 2931: 2925: 2924: 2922: 2920: 2905: 2899: 2898: 2896: 2894: 2880: 2874: 2873: 2871: 2869: 2855: 2849: 2848: 2846: 2844: 2830: 2824: 2823: 2821: 2819: 2805: 2799: 2798: 2796: 2794: 2780: 2774: 2773: 2755: 2715: 2709: 2697:HealthCare.gov: 2695: 2689: 2688: 2686: 2684: 2679: 2671: 2665: 2664: 2662: 2655: 2647: 2641: 2640: 2628: 2622: 2621: 2610: 2604: 2603: 2601: 2599: 2593: 2582: 2574: 2568: 2567: 2556: 2550: 2549: 2538: 2532: 2531: 2520: 2514: 2513: 2511: 2509: 2494: 2488: 2487: 2485: 2483: 2472: 2466: 2465: 2463: 2461: 2449: 2443: 2440: 2434: 2433: 2422: 2416: 2415: 2408: 2402: 2401: 2399: 2397: 2392:. 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As with other 5485: 5484: 5480: 5479: 5478: 5476: 5475: 5474: 5430: 5429: 5428: 5427: 5417: 5415: 5410: 5409: 5405: 5374: 5370: 5362: 5358: 5349: 5347: 5343: 5336: 5328: 5324: 5314: 5312: 5303: 5302: 5298: 5288: 5286: 5276: 5272: 5259: 5258: 5254: 5244: 5242: 5233: 5232: 5228: 5219: 5218: 5214: 5205: 5204: 5200: 5187: 5186: 5182: 5172: 5170: 5161: 5160: 5156: 5146: 5144: 5135: 5134: 5130: 5124:Wayback Machine 5115: 5111: 5105:Wayback Machine 5096: 5092: 5082: 5080: 5071: 5069: 5065: 5049: 5048: 5041: 5039: 5035: 5028: 5026:"Archived copy" 5024: 5022: 5018: 5008: 5006: 4997: 4992: 4985: 4980: 4976: 4968: 4964: 4955: 4951: 4941: 4939: 4930: 4929: 4922: 4913: 4912: 4908: 4899: 4898: 4894: 4885: 4884: 4880: 4870: 4868: 4861: 4857: 4856: 4852: 4805: 4801: 4795:Wayback Machine 4785: 4781: 4775:Wayback Machine 4766: 4762: 4752: 4750: 4741: 4740: 4736: 4728: 4724: 4718:Wayback Machine 4709: 4705: 4698:Wayback Machine 4688: 4684: 4671: 4670: 4666: 4656: 4654: 4641: 4640: 4636: 4623: 4622: 4618: 4613:Wayback Machine 4599: 4595: 4589:Wayback Machine 4580: 4576: 4570:Wayback Machine 4561: 4557: 4550:Wayback Machine 4540: 4536: 4530:Wayback Machine 4521: 4517: 4511:Wayback Machine 4502: 4498: 4492:Wayback Machine 4483: 4479: 4473:Wayback Machine 4464: 4460: 4454:Wayback Machine 4445: 4441: 4435:Wayback Machine 4426: 4422: 4416:Wayback Machine 4407: 4403: 4397:Wayback Machine 4388: 4384: 4378:Wayback Machine 4369: 4365: 4356: 4355: 4351: 4346:. 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PolitiFact. 4920: 4906: 4892: 4878: 4850: 4799: 4779: 4760: 4734: 4722: 4703: 4682: 4664: 4634: 4616: 4593: 4574: 4555: 4534: 4515: 4496: 4477: 4458: 4439: 4420: 4401: 4382: 4363: 4349: 4335: 4321: 4302: 4272: 4260:New York Times 4251: 4233: 4213: 4194: 4154: 4128: 4103: 4071: 4045: 4012: 3979: 3948: 3918: 3879: 3858: 3849:"Bill History" 3837: 3818: 3806: 3788: 3762: 3744: 3722: 3703: 3636: 3579: 3528: 3509: 3500: 3481: 3462: 3443: 3417: 3391: 3365: 3339: 3317: 3292: 3265:(12): 938–45. 3249: 3222: 3213: 3204:|journal= 3174: 3149: 3118: 3098: 3047: 3022: 2996: 2966: 2948: 2926: 2900: 2875: 2850: 2825: 2800: 2775: 2710: 2690: 2666: 2642: 2623: 2605: 2569: 2551: 2533: 2515: 2489: 2467: 2444: 2435: 2417: 2403: 2377: 2363: 2345: 2314:(4): 327–329. 2291: 2274:www.ato.gov.au 2261: 2238:Choices, NHS. 2230: 2211: 2192: 2173: 2171:2 January 2008 2151: 2132: 2100: 2070: 2058:www.nhic.or.kr 2045: 1996: 1992:Taiwan Journal 1972: 1939:Health Affairs 1926: 1901:. 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103: 100: 86: 83: 69:, Australia's 43: 40: 36:United Kingdom 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5482: 5471: 5470:Public health 5468: 5466: 5463: 5461: 5458: 5456: 5453: 5451: 5448: 5446: 5443: 5441: 5438: 5437: 5435: 5413: 5407: 5399: 5395: 5391: 5387: 5384:(7): 566–67. 5383: 5379: 5372: 5365: 5360: 5342: 5335: 5334: 5326: 5315:September 22, 5310: 5306: 5300: 5289:September 22, 5285: 5281: 5274: 5266: 5262: 5256: 5240: 5236: 5230: 5222: 5216: 5208: 5202: 5194: 5190: 5184: 5168: 5164: 5158: 5142: 5138: 5132: 5125: 5121: 5118: 5113: 5106: 5102: 5099: 5094: 5078: 5074: 5067: 5059: 5053: 5034: 5027: 5020: 5004: 5000: 4995: 4990: 4988: 4978: 4971: 4966: 4959: 4953: 4937: 4933: 4927: 4925: 4916: 4910: 4902: 4896: 4888: 4882: 4871:September 25, 4867: 4860: 4854: 4846: 4842: 4838: 4834: 4830: 4826: 4822: 4818: 4814: 4810: 4803: 4797:May 16, 2011. 4796: 4792: 4789: 4783: 4776: 4772: 4769: 4764: 4748: 4744: 4738: 4731: 4726: 4719: 4715: 4712: 4707: 4700: 4699: 4695: 4692: 4686: 4678: 4674: 4668: 4652: 4648: 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