3446:
41:
316:
parent is a citizen otherwise than by descent. For an individual born abroad to a parent who is a citizen by descent, the parent must have lived in
Singapore for two of the five years preceding the child's birth. Any child eligible for citizenship by descent must have their birth registered at a Singapore diplomatic mission within one year of their birth. Prior to 15 May 2004, citizenship was transferrable by descent only from fathers who were citizens by birth or registration, and not mothers.
354:
obligations. It is also automatically lost when an individual voluntarily acquires a foreign citizenship in any way other than by marriage. Singaporean children with multiple nationalities are required to choose between their
Singaporean and foreign statuses before the age of 22. Dual nationals who fail to make this choice are automatically stripped of their Singapore citizenship. Former citizens cannot reacquire citizenship once it has been renounced or revoked.
2385:
3854:
226:. Protected persons could not travel to the UK without first requesting permission, but were afforded the same consular protection as British subjects when travelling outside of the Empire. A person with connections both to directly governed portions of British Malaya and one of the Malay states could be a British subject and British protected person simultaneously.
341:), intend to reside in Singapore permanently, renounce any previous nationalities, and swear an oath of allegiance to the state. Foreign women who marry Singaporean men are eligible for a reduced residence requirement of two years; there are no facilitated paths to citizenship for male spouses of citizens.
361:
Naturalised citizens may also be stripped of citizenship for: fraduently acquiring it, committing an act of disloyalty against the state, aiding an enemy nation with which
Singapore is at war, serving in any capacity for a foreign government, being sentenced to incarceration for longer than 12 months
344:
The government has discretionary power to waive requirements for further residence and grant citizenship to any person who has resided in the country for at least five of the previous six years. It may also exceptionally reduce residence requirements to 12 months, though this is targeted for foreign
357:
Citizenship may be stripped from a person who exercises any rights derived from another nationality. This includes voting in elections or applying for passports in any jurisdiction outside
Singapore. It is also lost after continuous residence overseas for more than 10 years if that citizen has not
315:
Individuals born in
Singapore automatically receive Singaporean citizenship at birth if at least one parent is a Singapore citizen, except if the father is a foreign diplomat or enemy alien and birth occurred in occupied territory. Children born overseas are Singapore citizens by descent if either
274:
In 1963, Singaporean nationality law was incorporated into the new
Constitution of the State of Singapore. The constitution repealed the 1957 Ordinance, and all persons who were citizens as of 16 September 1963 by virtue of the Ordinance continued to be Singapore citizens. All Singaporean citizens
128:
Individuals born to at least one
Singapore citizen parent are typically automatically citizens at birth, regardless of where the birth occurred. Birth in Singapore by itself does not make a child eligible for citizenship. Foreign nationals may become Singapore citizens after completing a residence
241:
formalised a clear distinction between subjects who naturalised in the UK and those who did so in other territories. Individuals who naturalised in the UK were deemed to have received the status by imperial naturalisation, which was valid throughout the Empire. Those naturalising in colonies were
353:
Singapore citizenship can be relinquished by making a declaration of renunciation, provided that the declarant is over age 21 and already possesses another nationality. Renunciation may be denied if an applicant actively exercises
Singapore citizenship rights or has outstanding military service
237:. Until the mid-19th century, it was unclear whether rules for naturalisation in the United Kingdom were applicable elsewhere in the Empire. Each colony had wide discretion in developing their own procedures and requirements for naturalisation up to that point. In 1847, the
262:
who had been resident for two years, and others who had been resident for eight years were able to register or naturalise as
Singapore citizen. When Singapore gained internal self-government in 1959, Singapore became an independent Commonwealth country for the purpose of
253:
Singapore citizenship was first granted in 1957. Singapore
Citizenship Ordinance 1957 which commenced on 1 November 1957 provided Singapore citizenship to all people who were born in Singapore (except children of diplomats and enemy aliens). People who were born in the
129:
requirement (normally 10 years) and renouncing any previous nationalities. Holding another nationality concurrently is generally disallowed and there are many paths for a Singapore citizen to lose their citizenship should they acquire another nationality.
324:
Foreigners over the age of 21 may become Singapore citizens by naturalisation after residing in the country for at least 10 of the 12 years preceding an application for citizenship. Applicants must fulfill a basic language knowledge requirement (in
614:"Exchange of Notes between the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of Finland regarding the Abolition of Visas for travel between the United Kingdom and certain British Territories, and Finland"
267:. From then on, Singaporean passports had the unusual nationality status of "British subject: citizen of the State of Singapore" instead of the usual "British subject: citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies". There are treaties signed by the
817:
301:
The Constitution was amended in 2004 to allow female citizens and citizens by descent to transmit their citizenship to children born overseas. For this to occur, citizens by descent must satisfy certain residency requirements.
242:
said to have gone through local naturalisation and were given subject status valid only within the relevant territory; a subject who locally naturalised in the Straits Settlements was a British subject there, but not in
3507:
806:
2905:
218:. Although Britain held jurisdiction in all of British Malaya, domestic law treated the Malay states as foreign territory. British protected persons were treated as aliens in the
787:
1735:
1640:
3771:
1650:
1468:
1775:
148:. Although the country gained independence in 1965 and Singaporeans no longer hold Malaysian nor British nationality, they continue to hold favoured status in the
3445:
3497:
1765:
3541:
206:
outside of the Straits Settlements, local Malay rulers were given limited autonomy in exchange for accepting British suzerainty. Subjects of the rulers in the
857:
295:. Singapore citizenship was inseparable from Malaysian citizenship; it was not possible to have Singaporean citizenship without having Malaysian citizenship.
638:"Notawisseling tussen de Nederlandse en de Britse Regering inzake de afschaffing van de visumplicht en de erkenning van reisdocumenten, Londen, 01-04-1960"
3604:
2886:
2772:
3879:
3746:
3371:
3238:
2423:
3736:
3479:
1104:
961:
3726:
3062:
2838:
3781:
3366:
3167:
1410:
287:
provided that Singapore citizenship to continue to exist as a subnational citizenship. Singapore citizenship continued to be legislated by the
250:. When travelling outside of the Empire, British subjects who were locally naturalised in a colony were still entitled to imperial protection.
3741:
3469:
2920:
3528:
2154:
3831:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2150:
259:
3646:
3634:
3489:
3269:
2958:
2716:
1455:
1014:
376:
776:
587:
844:
17:
3641:
3576:
3474:
3426:
3122:
2925:
1464:
3884:
3813:
3554:
3512:
3036:
2879:
953:
620:
229:
British nationality law during this time was uncodified and did not have a standard set of regulations, relying instead on past
3502:
2651:
2466:
2416:
1996:
1440:
1342:
1269:
641:
3787:
3099:
2930:
2843:
2767:
2158:
723:
655:
571:
3874:
3700:
3089:
2777:
298:
Upon Singapore's secession from Malaysia on 9 August 1965, Malaysian citizenship was withdrawn from Singaporean citizens.
3072:
1309:
3751:
3361:
3172:
2872:
2026:
1695:
1382:
164:
3766:
3609:
3549:
3421:
3227:
3094:
2940:
2935:
2641:
2409:
2202:
2121:
1792:
982:
886:
288:
3710:
238:
3792:
3614:
3454:
2812:
2686:
2249:
2131:
1890:
1244:
1084:
838:
3776:
3684:
3262:
3104:
3077:
2676:
1279:
1259:
1159:
1007:
3319:
3031:
2848:
2797:
2691:
2146:
1710:
1595:
1460:
1274:
1119:
897:
2016:
3679:
3656:
3381:
3356:
3145:
3132:
2833:
2656:
2367:
1720:
1680:
1445:
1079:
719:
3314:
3026:
2807:
2802:
2671:
2626:
2506:
2481:
2237:
2192:
2111:
2106:
2086:
2031:
2021:
1986:
1635:
1570:
1367:
1254:
1204:
1074:
78:
3844:
3624:
3581:
3376:
3162:
3140:
2998:
2787:
2746:
2736:
2696:
2661:
2611:
2576:
2471:
2187:
2164:
2101:
2081:
2041:
1925:
1900:
1895:
1725:
1700:
1605:
1540:
1530:
1520:
1510:
1450:
1435:
1430:
1405:
1387:
1319:
1249:
1219:
1109:
3761:
3661:
3591:
3416:
3403:
3393:
3255:
3157:
3082:
2950:
2895:
2701:
2636:
2606:
2596:
2591:
2551:
2521:
2496:
2486:
2056:
1940:
1915:
1870:
1865:
1815:
1740:
1690:
1665:
1660:
1630:
1585:
1575:
1535:
1505:
1495:
1485:
1400:
1377:
1352:
1289:
1209:
1134:
1099:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1000:
284:
247:
137:
122:
3826:
3808:
3651:
3619:
2721:
2706:
2631:
2616:
2586:
2566:
2556:
2546:
2536:
2526:
2511:
2501:
2491:
2476:
2388:
2141:
2011:
2001:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1930:
1840:
1820:
1805:
1655:
1625:
1580:
1565:
1525:
1515:
1490:
1420:
1415:
1362:
1357:
1347:
1299:
1294:
1284:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1214:
1194:
1189:
1179:
1149:
1139:
1129:
1124:
1114:
1094:
1054:
1044:
950:
The Singaporean: Ethnicity, National Identity and Citizenship: Singaporean Identity and Citizenship
777:
Nation and Citizenship from the Late Nineteenth Century Onwards: A Comparative European Perspective
371:
362:
in any jurisdiction or fined US$ 5,000 for any offence within five years of acquiring citizenship.
215:
211:
3671:
3386:
3340:
3304:
3193:
3188:
3150:
3057:
3008:
2741:
2731:
2726:
2646:
2621:
2601:
2581:
2541:
2516:
2440:
2116:
2096:
2061:
2051:
2046:
2036:
2006:
1950:
1945:
1905:
1885:
1880:
1845:
1825:
1810:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1670:
1645:
1620:
1610:
1590:
1500:
1425:
1314:
1304:
1239:
1174:
1164:
1154:
1144:
1089:
1049:
853:
563:
264:
184:
48:
3629:
3411:
3335:
3299:
3067:
3052:
3016:
2711:
2666:
2571:
2561:
2531:
2354:
2136:
2126:
2091:
1991:
1935:
1920:
1855:
1850:
1835:
1730:
1705:
1675:
1600:
1560:
1392:
1264:
1199:
1184:
1169:
292:
207:
2792:
2197:
1955:
1910:
1875:
1860:
1830:
1685:
1615:
1372:
280:
133:
2864:
896:
Low, Choo Chin (February 2017). Report on Citizenship Law: Malaysia and Singapore (Report).
156:, Singapore citizens are eligible to vote in UK elections and serve in public office there.
3756:
3309:
3021:
2782:
2448:
2432:
2318:
2291:
2182:
1745:
255:
153:
8:
3731:
2308:
2227:
1770:
783:
176:
141:
489:
3705:
2207:
928:
591:
520:
613:
3599:
2349:
2301:
978:
882:
567:
243:
3858:
3278:
2853:
2817:
2232:
901:
637:
334:
326:
223:
2762:
2458:
2313:
1023:
924:
345:
investors and skilled migrants who can make considerable economic contributions.
192:
145:
2344:
2244:
338:
330:
268:
219:
203:
196:
188:
149:
199:, or anywhere else within Crown dominions was a natural-born British subject.
3868:
2374:
2323:
2255:
1797:
805:
495:
40:
2401:
2270:
2328:
2286:
813:
358:
entered Singapore during that time or is not employed in public service.
271:
during this period specifically mention this unusual nationality status.
932:
869:
234:
121:
nationality. The primary law governing nationality requirements is the
906:
58:
879:
Defining British Citizenship: Empire, Commonwealth and Modern Britain
230:
187:
applied to the Straits Settlements, as was the case elsewhere in the
180:
118:
68:
3247:
2296:
2262:
992:
276:
222:, but both British subjects and protected persons could be issued
975:
Tan, Yeo & Lee's Constitutional Law in Malaysia and Singapore
172:
168:
93:
2894:
3772:
Protection from Online Falsehoods and Manipulation Act 2019
682:
Constitution and Malaysia (Singapore Amendment) Act 1965
477:
417:
754:
752:
690:
688:
453:
441:
429:
501:
305:
3842:
2906:
Text of the Constitution at Singapore Statutes Online
656:"Constitution of the State of Singapore (Section 69)"
465:
915:
Purcell, Victor (1945). "Malaya Under the British".
749:
685:
393:
191:. Singaporeans and all other imperial citizens were
3782:
Third-Party Taxi Booking Service Providers Act 2015
2773:
British nationality law and the Republic of Ireland
3372:Constitution of the Republic of Singapore Tribunal
3239:Constitution of the Republic of Singapore Tribunal
837:
310:
140:from 1963 to 1965. Prior to this, Singapore was a
737:
700:
348:
3866:
3737:Liquor Control (Supply and Consumption) Act 2015
947:
807:Historical background information on nationality
496:Historical background information on nationality
3727:Foreign Interference (Countermeasures) Act 2021
2839:British Nationality (Falkland Islands) Act 1983
973:Tan, Kevin Y.L. (Yew Lee); Thio Li-ann (1997).
539:
405:
279:citizens on 16 September 1963 upon Singapore's
117:details the conditions by which a person holds
977:(2nd ed.). Singapore: Butterworths Asia.
972:
3742:Medical (Therapy, Education and Research) Act
3263:
2880:
2417:
1008:
968:. Singapore: Educational Publications Bureau.
562:(3rd ed.). Haywards Heath, West Sussex:
2431:
2155:Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands
3832:List of acts of the Parliament of Singapore
260:citizens of the United Kingdom and Colonies
3270:
3256:
2887:
2873:
2424:
2410:
1015:
1001:
774:
588:"History of Travel Documents & Passes"
459:
377:Visa requirements for Singaporean citizens
125:, which came into force on 9 August 1965.
39:
3880:Singapore and the Commonwealth of Nations
2896:Constitution of the Republic of Singapore
905:
845:The British Yearbook of International Law
59:Constitution of the Republic of Singapore
32:Constitution of the Republic of Singapore
3577:Singapore International Mediation Centre
3427:Presidential Council for Minority Rights
3123:Presidential Council for Minority Rights
876:
557:
507:
483:
471:
423:
319:
3814:Integrated Electronic Litigation System
3605:Criminal Law (Temporary Provisions) Act
914:
720:"Renunciation of Singapore Citizenship"
399:
14:
3867:
3747:Mental Health (Care and Treatment) Act
3508:Relevant and irrelevant considerations
948:Chiew, Seen Kong; Tan Ern Ser (1990).
179:in 1826. After their incorporation as
3788:Transboundary Haze Pollution Act 2014
3251:
3100:Non-constituency Member of Parliament
2868:
2844:British Overseas Territories Act 2002
2768:British nationality law and Hong Kong
2405:
996:
835:
823:from the original on 29 December 2018
724:Immigration and Checkpoints Authority
644:from the original on 8 February 2018.
626:from the original on 8 February 2018.
447:
435:
3701:Maintenance of Religious Harmony Act
3277:
2778:British Overseas Territories citizen
1022:
860:from the original on 23 October 2021
775:Gosewinkel, Dieter (15 April 2008).
195:; any person born in Singapore, the
100:Singapore Citizenship Ordinance 1957
3642:Prevention of Human Trafficking Act
960:
895:
839:"Who are British Protected Persons"
758:
743:
706:
694:
545:
521:"Yearbook on human rights for 1957"
411:
306:Acquisition and loss of citizenship
167:in 1819 and soon after merged with
24:
3752:Newspaper and Printing Presses Act
3513:Substantive legitimate expectation
941:
767:
560:Fransman's British Nationality Law
25:
3896:
3767:Personal Data Protection Act 2012
3555:Procedural legitimate expectation
3219:Special powers against subversion
3095:Group Representation Constituency
291:, subject to the approval of the
289:Legislative Assembly of Singapore
3852:
3711:Administration of Muslim Law Act
3444:
2662:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
2384:
2383:
1105:Democratic Republic of the Congo
793:from the original on 27 May 2019
3793:Workplace Safety and Health Act
2250:Birth aboard aircraft and ships
812:(Report). 1.0. United Kingdom:
712:
676:
648:
630:
606:
580:
551:
513:
311:Entitlement by birth or descent
3885:Singaporean constitutional law
3777:Silver Support Scheme Act 2015
3647:Protection from Harassment Act
3635:Section 377A of the Penal Code
3105:Nominated Member of Parliament
2798:Permanent resident (Australia)
2087:Federated States of Micronesia
1451:St. Vincent and the Grenadines
349:Relinquishment and deprivation
13:
1:
2849:Canadian Citizenship Act 1946
966:Citizenship Laws of Singapore
898:European University Institute
382:
3657:Undesirable Publications Act
3470:Exclusion of judicial review
2921:Exclusion of judicial review
2834:British Nationality Act 1981
2368:British Overseas Territories
387:
283:with Malaysia on that date.
165:Modern Singapore was founded
144:and municipal citizens were
142:colony of the British Empire
134:constituent part of Malaysia
7:
3875:Singaporean nationality law
3432:Singaporean nationality law
3210:Singaporean nationality law
2808:UK Ancestry Entry Clearance
2803:Permanent resident (Canada)
2238:Renunciation of citizenship
954:Institute of Policy Studies
365:
79:1st Parliament of Singapore
10:
3901:
3582:Singapore Mediation Centre
2788:Indefinite leave to remain
663:bloomsburyprofessional.com
159:
3822:
3801:
3762:Payment Services Act 2019
3719:
3693:
3670:
3590:
3567:
3540:
3521:
3488:
3462:
3453:
3442:
3402:
3349:
3328:
3292:
3285:
3236:
3218:
3202:
3181:
3131:
3113:
3045:
3007:
2949:
2913:
2902:
2826:
2756:Rights, issues, and visas
2755:
2457:
2439:
2363:
2337:
2279:
2220:
2173:
2074:
1964:
1791:
1784:
1553:
1478:
1335:
1328:
1037:
1030:
881:. Frank Cass Publishers.
836:Jones, J. Mervyn (1945).
558:Fransman, Laurie (2011).
285:Malaysian nationality law
216:British protected persons
136:and local residents were
123:Constitution of Singapore
115:Singapore nationality law
104:
99:
92:
84:
74:
64:
54:
47:
38:
31:
18:Singapore nationality law
3827:Sources of Singapore law
3809:Electronic Filing System
3620:Organised Crime Act 2015
3114:The Presidential Council
3090:Leader of the Opposition
2931:Representative democracy
2433:Commonwealth citizenship
1085:Central African Republic
989:, ch. 10 ("Citizenship")
877:Karatani, Rieko (2003).
372:Visa policy of Singapore
212:Unfederated Malay States
132:Singapore was briefly a
3498:Fettering of discretion
3194:Singapore Legal Service
3189:Singapore Civil Service
2441:Commonwealth of Nations
2183:Commonwealth of Nations
854:Oxford University Press
564:Bloomsbury Professional
265:British nationality law
185:British nationality law
49:Parliament of Singapore
3542:Procedural impropriety
1997:Bosnia and Herzegovina
293:Parliament of Malaysia
208:Federated Malay States
3610:Internal Security Act
3503:Precedent fact errors
3422:Internal Security Act
3362:Judicial independence
3228:Internal Security Act
3173:Judicial independence
2951:Fundamental liberties
2793:Irish nationality law
2652:Saint Kitts and Nevis
2467:Antigua & Barbuda
2380:Partially recognized.
1245:São Tomé and Príncipe
590:. ICA. Archived from
525:digitallibrary.un.org
320:Voluntary acquisition
154:Commonwealth citizens
3757:Pawnbrokers Act 2015
3221:and emergency powers
2941:Separation of powers
2783:Commonwealth citizen
2449:Commonwealth citizen
2319:Second-class citizen
2292:Multiple citizenship
1761:United Arab Emirates
1395:(Kingdom of Denmark)
256:Federation of Malaya
3732:Income Tax Act 1947
3615:Misuse of Drugs Act
3568:Alternative dispute
3116:for Minority Rights
2717:Trinidad and Tobago
2309:Permanent residency
2228:Loss of citizenship
2203:Caribbean Community
1456:Trinidad and Tobago
1441:St. Kitts and Nevis
1343:Antigua and Barbuda
784:European Parliament
594:on 25 December 2013
527:. 1959. p. 288
450:, pp. 127–128.
438:, pp. 124–125.
239:Imperial Parliament
183:dominions in 1858,
177:Straits Settlements
3455:Administrative law
3329:Legislative branch
3286:Constitutional law
3182:The Public Service
2914:General principles
2827:Acts of Parliament
1383:Dominican Republic
138:Malaysian citizens
65:Territorial extent
34:Part X Citizenship
3840:
3839:
3600:Arms Offences Act
3563:
3562:
3440:
3439:
3367:Judicial officers
3245:
3244:
3168:Judicial officers
2862:
2861:
2813:UK right of abode
2399:
2398:
2373:Open border with
2216:
2215:
2070:
2069:
1549:
1548:
1469:US Virgin Islands
1396:
1120:Equatorial Guinea
761:, pp. 25–26.
697:, pp. 22–23.
573:978-1-84592-095-1
486:, pp. 55–56.
426:, pp. 41–42.
224:British passports
112:
111:
16:(Redirected from
3892:
3857:
3856:
3855:
3848:
3532:unreasonableness
3480:Threshold issues
3460:
3459:
3448:
3320:Attorney-General
3293:Executive branch
3290:
3289:
3279:Law of Singapore
3272:
3265:
3258:
3249:
3248:
3032:Attorney-General
2889:
2882:
2875:
2866:
2865:
2854:Ireland Act 1949
2818:Windrush scandal
2642:Papua New Guinea
2459:Nationality laws
2426:
2419:
2412:
2403:
2402:
2387:
2386:
2233:Denaturalization
2122:Papua New Guinea
2107:Marshall Islands
1789:
1788:
1394:
1333:
1332:
1035:
1034:
1024:Nationality laws
1017:
1010:
1003:
994:
993:
988:
969:
957:
936:
911:
909:
892:
873:
867:
865:
841:
832:
830:
828:
822:
816:. 21 July 2017.
811:
802:
800:
798:
792:
781:
762:
756:
747:
741:
735:
734:
732:
730:
716:
710:
704:
698:
692:
683:
680:
674:
673:
671:
669:
660:
652:
646:
645:
634:
628:
627:
625:
618:
610:
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555:
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457:
451:
445:
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427:
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409:
403:
397:
335:Mandarin Chinese
214:were considered
193:British subjects
146:British subjects
43:
29:
28:
21:
3900:
3899:
3895:
3894:
3893:
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3864:
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3853:
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3843:
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3836:
3818:
3797:
3715:
3689:
3685:Women's Charter
3680:Matrimonial law
3666:
3586:
3569:
3559:
3536:
3517:
3484:
3449:
3436:
3398:
3382:Court of Appeal
3357:Judicial system
3350:Judicial branch
3345:
3324:
3281:
3276:
3246:
3241:
3232:
3220:
3214:
3198:
3177:
3146:Court of Appeal
3127:
3115:
3109:
3046:The Legislature
3041:
3003:
2945:
2909:
2898:
2893:
2863:
2858:
2822:
2763:Belonger status
2751:
2687:Solomon Islands
2453:
2435:
2430:
2400:
2395:
2359:
2333:
2314:Right of return
2275:
2212:
2175:
2169:
2132:Solomon Islands
2066:
2032:Northern Cyprus
2027:North Macedonia
1960:
1795:
1780:
1545:
1474:
1324:
1026:
1021:
985:
962:Goh, Phai Cheng
944:
942:Further reading
939:
925:SAGE Publishing
889:
863:
861:
826:
824:
820:
809:
796:
794:
790:
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768:General sources
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460:Gosewinkel 2008
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248:New South Wales
202:In the rest of
162:
75:Enacted by
33:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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3627:
3625:Kidnapping Act
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3607:
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3596:
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3323:
3322:
3317:
3315:Prime Minister
3312:
3307:
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3200:
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3065:
3060:
3055:
3049:
3047:
3043:
3042:
3040:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3027:Prime Minister
3024:
3019:
3013:
3011:
3009:The Government
3005:
3004:
3002:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
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2732:United Kingdom
2729:
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2259:
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2245:Naturalization
2242:
2241:
2240:
2235:
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2222:
2218:
2217:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2210:
2205:
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2198:Nordic Council
2195:
2190:
2188:European Union
2185:
2179:
2177:
2171:
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2168:
2167:
2162:
2151:American Samoa
2144:
2139:
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2124:
2119:
2114:
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2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
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2068:
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2065:
2064:
2062:United Kingdom
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1968:
1966:
1965:Rest of Europe
1962:
1961:
1959:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1831:Czech Republic
1828:
1823:
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1808:
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1800:
1793:European Union
1786:
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1310:Western Sahara
1307:
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1297:
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1252:
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1132:
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1112:
1107:
1102:
1100:Congo Republic
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1041:
1039:
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1005:
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983:
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912:
893:
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833:
803:
771:
769:
766:
764:
763:
748:
736:
711:
699:
684:
675:
647:
629:
605:
579:
572:
550:
538:
512:
500:
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476:
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391:
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374:
367:
364:
350:
347:
321:
318:
312:
309:
307:
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269:United Kingdom
220:United Kingdom
204:British Malaya
197:United Kingdom
189:British Empire
161:
158:
150:United Kingdom
110:
109:
102:
101:
97:
96:
90:
89:
86:
82:
81:
76:
72:
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66:
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52:
51:
45:
44:
36:
35:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3897:
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3709:
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3706:Charities Act
3704:
3702:
3699:
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3694:Religious law
3692:
3686:
3683:
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3662:Vandalism Act
3660:
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3522:Irrationality
3520:
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3405:
3401:
3395:
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3385:
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3378:
3377:Supreme Court
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
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3352:
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3333:
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3321:
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3308:
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3211:
3208:
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3201:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3186:
3184:
3180:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3163:Chief Justice
3161:
3159:
3156:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3143:
3142:
3141:Supreme Court
3139:
3138:
3136:
3134:
3133:The Judiciary
3130:
3124:
3121:
3120:
3118:
3112:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
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3018:
3015:
3014:
3012:
3010:
3006:
3000:
2999:Right to vote
2997:
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2987:
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2376:
2375:Schengen Area
2372:
2369:
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2362:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2342:
2340:
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2327:
2325:
2324:Statelessness
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2303:
2300:
2299:
2298:
2295:
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2278:
2272:
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2260:
2258:
2257:
2256:Ius sanguinis
2253:
2251:
2248:
2247:
2246:
2243:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2230:
2229:
2226:
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2209:
2208:African Union
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2178:
2176:organizations
2174:International
2172:
2166:
2163:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2147:United States
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
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2077:
2073:
2063:
2060:
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2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1969:
1967:
1963:
1957:
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1939:
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1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1891:Liechtenstein
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
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1814:
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1809:
1807:
1804:
1803:
1801:
1799:
1798:Schengen Area
1794:
1790:
1787:
1783:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
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1679:
1677:
1674:
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1669:
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1659:
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1614:
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1579:
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1569:
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1552:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
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1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
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1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1481:
1477:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1461:United States
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
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1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1391:
1389:
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1379:
1376:
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1371:
1369:
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1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
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1344:
1341:
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1334:
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1327:
1321:
1318:
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1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
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1288:
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1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
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1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
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1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1160:Guinea-Bissau
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1040:
1036:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1018:
1013:
1011:
1006:
1004:
999:
998:
995:
986:
984:0-409-99908-3
980:
976:
971:
967:
963:
959:
955:
952:. Singapore:
951:
946:
945:
934:
930:
926:
922:
918:
917:World Affairs
913:
908:
903:
899:
894:
890:
888:0-7146-8298-5
884:
880:
875:
871:
859:
855:
851:
847:
846:
840:
834:
819:
815:
808:
804:
789:
785:
778:
773:
772:
760:
755:
753:
746:, p. 25.
745:
740:
725:
721:
715:
709:, p. 23.
708:
703:
696:
691:
689:
679:
664:
657:
651:
643:
639:
633:
622:
615:
609:
593:
589:
583:
575:
569:
565:
561:
554:
547:
542:
526:
522:
516:
510:, p. 56.
509:
508:Karatani 2003
504:
497:
492:
485:
484:Karatani 2003
480:
474:, p. 41.
473:
472:Karatani 2003
468:
462:, p. 13.
461:
456:
449:
444:
437:
432:
425:
424:Karatani 2003
420:
413:
408:
402:, p. 33.
401:
396:
392:
378:
375:
373:
370:
369:
363:
359:
355:
346:
342:
340:
336:
332:
328:
317:
303:
299:
296:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
272:
270:
266:
261:
257:
251:
249:
245:
240:
236:
232:
227:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
200:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
157:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
130:
126:
124:
120:
116:
107:
103:
98:
95:
91:
88:9 August 1965
87:
83:
80:
77:
73:
70:
67:
63:
60:
57:
53:
50:
46:
42:
37:
30:
27:
19:
3652:Sedition Act
3592:Criminal law
3529:
3431:
3417:Human rights
3404:Constitution
3394:State Courts
3209:
3158:State Courts
3083:By-elections
3073:Presidential
3037:The Reserves
2904:
2692:South Africa
2681:
2677:Sierra Leone
2389:
2355:Soviet Union
2350:Ancient Rome
2345:Nazi Germany
2271:Repatriation
2261:
2254:
2221:By procedure
1756:Turkmenistan
1715:
1711:Saudi Arabia
1275:South Africa
1260:Sierra Leone
1065:Burkina Faso
1031:By continent
974:
965:
949:
920:
916:
878:
868:– via
862:. Retrieved
849:
843:
825:. Retrieved
795:. Retrieved
739:
727:. Retrieved
714:
702:
678:
666:. Retrieved
662:
650:
632:
608:
596:. Retrieved
592:the original
582:
559:
553:
541:
529:. Retrieved
524:
515:
503:
498:, p. 8.
491:
479:
467:
455:
443:
431:
419:
414:, p. 2.
407:
400:Purcell 1945
395:
360:
356:
352:
343:
323:
314:
300:
297:
273:
252:
228:
201:
175:to form the
163:
131:
127:
114:
113:
105:
26:
3203:Citizenship
2936:Rule of law
2657:Saint Lucia
2627:New Zealand
2477:The Bahamas
2329:Travel visa
2287:Citizenship
2112:New Zealand
1956:Switzerland
1911:Netherlands
1721:South Korea
1701:Philippines
1681:North Korea
1561:Afghanistan
1465:Puerto Rico
1388:El Salvador
1280:South Sudan
1165:Ivory Coast
856:: 122–145.
814:Home Office
531:19 February
3869:Categories
3784:(Repealed)
3672:Family law
3630:Penal Code
3570:resolution
3530:Wednesbury
3490:Illegality
3387:High Court
3341:Parliament
3305:Government
3151:High Court
3058:Parliament
2994:Article 16
2989:Article 15
2984:Article 14
2979:Article 13
2974:Article 12
2969:Article 11
2964:Article 10
2672:Seychelles
2612:Mozambique
2542:The Gambia
2482:Bangladesh
2042:San Marino
2022:Montenegro
1987:Azerbaijan
1901:Luxembourg
1766:Uzbekistan
1736:Tajikistan
1641:Kyrgyzstan
1636:Kazakhstan
1596:East Timor
1571:Bangladesh
1393:Greenland
1368:Costa Rica
1270:Somaliland
1255:Seychelles
1220:Mozambique
1205:Mauritania
1190:Madagascar
1145:The Gambia
1080:Cape Verde
907:1814/45371
870:HeinOnline
782:(Report).
668:2 February
448:Jones 1945
436:Jones 1945
383:References
235:common law
3859:Singapore
3802:Procedure
3412:Elections
3336:President
3300:President
3068:Elections
3053:President
3017:President
2959:Article 9
2697:Sri Lanka
2682:Singapore
2607:Mauritius
2472:Australia
2280:By result
2082:Australia
1896:Lithuania
1726:Sri Lanka
1716:Singapore
1696:Palestine
1606:Indonesia
1541:Venezuela
1486:Argentina
1446:St. Lucia
1431:Nicaragua
1406:Guatemala
1210:Mauritius
927:: 33–38.
864:23 August
729:23 August
388:Citations
277:Malaysian
231:precedent
119:Singapore
85:Commenced
69:Singapore
3475:Remedies
2926:Remedies
2747:Zimbabwe
2702:Tanzania
2637:Pakistan
2597:Maldives
2592:Malaysia
2577:Kiribati
2527:Eswatini
2522:Dominica
2507:Cameroon
2497:Botswana
2487:Barbados
2390:Category
2302:Internal
2297:Passport
2263:Ius soli
2193:Mercosur
2102:Kiribati
1941:Slovenia
1936:Slovakia
1926:Portugal
1816:Bulgaria
1746:Thailand
1691:Pakistan
1666:Mongolia
1661:Malaysia
1586:Cambodia
1531:Suriname
1521:Paraguay
1506:Colombia
1416:Honduras
1378:Dominica
1353:Barbados
1329:Americas
1320:Zimbabwe
1290:Tanzania
1135:Ethiopia
1130:Eswatini
1110:Djibouti
1075:Cameroon
1060:Botswana
964:(1970).
933:20664108
858:Archived
818:Archived
797:7 August
788:Archived
759:Low 2017
744:Low 2017
707:Low 2017
695:Low 2017
642:Archived
621:Archived
546:Low 2017
412:Low 2017
366:See also
55:Citation
3463:General
3310:Cabinet
3078:General
3063:Speaker
3022:Cabinet
2737:Vanuatu
2632:Nigeria
2617:Namibia
2582:Lesotho
2567:Jamaica
2552:Grenada
2338:Defunct
2165:Vanuatu
2075:Oceania
2057:Ukraine
2012:Moldova
2002:Georgia
1992:Belarus
1982:Andorra
1977:Armenia
1972:Albania
1931:Romania
1876:Ireland
1871:Iceland
1866:Hungary
1856:Germany
1846:Finland
1841:Estonia
1836:Denmark
1821:Croatia
1811:Belgium
1806:Austria
1771:Vietnam
1671:Myanmar
1656:Lebanon
1566:Bahrain
1536:Uruguay
1511:Ecuador
1491:Bolivia
1421:Jamaica
1401:Grenada
1348:Bahamas
1300:Tunisia
1265:Somalia
1250:Senegal
1235:Nigeria
1225:Namibia
1215:Morocco
1180:Liberia
1175:Lesotho
1125:Eritrea
1095:Comoros
1070:Burundi
1045:Algeria
827:3 April
598:7 March
327:English
275:became
173:Malacca
160:History
108:Amended
106:Status:
94:Repeals
3845:Portal
2742:Zambia
2727:Uganda
2722:Tuvalu
2647:Rwanda
2587:Malawi
2557:Guyana
2517:Cyprus
2512:Canada
2502:Brunei
2492:Belize
2142:Tuvalu
2052:Turkey
2047:Serbia
2037:Russia
2017:Monaco
2007:Kosovo
1951:Sweden
1921:Poland
1916:Norway
1886:Latvia
1861:Greece
1851:France
1826:Cyprus
1785:Europe
1751:Turkey
1741:Taiwan
1646:Kuwait
1631:Jordan
1621:Israel
1581:Brunei
1576:Bhutan
1516:Guyana
1496:Brazil
1436:Panama
1426:Mexico
1363:Canada
1358:Belize
1315:Zambia
1305:Uganda
1240:Rwanda
1195:Malawi
1155:Guinea
1050:Angola
1038:Africa
981:
931:
885:
570:
281:merger
244:Bengal
169:Penang
3720:Other
2712:Tonga
2667:Samoa
2622:Nauru
2602:Malta
2572:Kenya
2562:India
2547:Ghana
2537:Gabon
2137:Tonga
2127:Samoa
2117:Palau
2097:Nauru
1946:Spain
1906:Malta
1881:Italy
1776:Yemen
1731:Syria
1706:Qatar
1676:Nepal
1626:Japan
1601:India
1591:China
1501:Chile
1479:South
1411:Haiti
1336:North
1285:Sudan
1230:Niger
1185:Libya
1170:Kenya
1150:Ghana
1140:Gabon
1115:Egypt
1055:Benin
929:JSTOR
923:(1).
821:(PDF)
810:(PDF)
791:(PDF)
780:(PDF)
659:(PDF)
624:(PDF)
617:(PDF)
339:Tamil
337:, or
331:Malay
181:Crown
152:; as
3550:Bias
2707:Togo
2532:Fiji
2159:Guam
2092:Fiji
1796:and
1686:Oman
1651:Laos
1616:Iraq
1611:Iran
1554:Asia
1526:Peru
1373:Cuba
1295:Togo
1200:Mali
1090:Chad
979:ISBN
883:ISBN
866:2022
829:2019
799:2021
731:2022
670:2022
600:2014
568:ISBN
533:2021
233:and
210:and
171:and
921:108
902:hdl
258:or
246:or
3871::
2157:,
2153:,
1467:,
919:.
900:.
852:.
850:22
848:.
842:.
786:.
751:^
722:.
687:^
661:.
640:.
619:.
566:.
523:.
333:,
329:,
3847::
3271:e
3264:t
3257:v
2888:e
2881:t
2874:v
2425:e
2418:t
2411:v
2377:.
2370:.
2161:)
2149:(
1471:)
1463:(
1016:e
1009:t
1002:v
987:.
956:.
935:.
910:.
904::
891:.
872:.
831:.
801:.
733:.
672:.
602:.
576:.
548:.
535:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
