1069:"Gregory X convoked the general council on 31 March 1272...outlined three themes: union with the Greeks, the crusade, and the reform of the church. Regarding the third theme, which was not only traditional in medieval councils but was also required by the actual state of ecclesiastical morals, the pope in March 1273 sought the opinion of all christian people and asked for their help. After long preparatory arrangements the council assembled at Lyons and opened on 7 May 1274...The Greeks arrived late, on 24 June 1274, since they had been shipwrecked...The council had 6 general sessions: on 7 May 1274, 18 May 1274, 4 or 7 June 1274, 6 July 1274, 16 July 1274, and 17 July 1274. (from
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1268:"Le Pape GrĂ©goire X sâefforce alors de mettre sur pied un vaste programme dâaide Ă la Terre Sainte, les "Constitutions pour le zĂšle de la foi", qui sont acceptĂ©es au Concile de Lyon de 1274. Ce texte prĂ©voit la levĂ©e dâune dime pendant trois ans pour la croisade, lâinterdiction de tout commerce avec les Sarasins, la fourniture de bateaux par les rĂ©publiques maritimes italiennes, et une alliance de lâOccident avec Byzance et lâIl-Khan Abagha" (Michel Balard,
202:
844:, the supply of ships by the Italian maritime Republics, and the alliance of the West with Byzantium and the Il-Khan Abagha. However, despite papal plans, there was little support from European monarchs, who at this point were more likely to give lip service to the idea of a Crusade than to commit actual troops. The Pope's death in 1276 put an end to any such plans, and the money that had been gathered was instead distributed in Italy.
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752:, a convert to the cause of union. In spite of a sustained campaign by Bekkos to defend the union intellectually, and vigorous and brutal repression of opponents by Michael, the vast majority of Byzantine Christians remained implacably opposed to union with the Latin "heretics". Michael's death in December 1282 put an end to the union of Lyons. His son and successor
895:
858 The souls of those who die in mortal sin or with original sin only, however, immediately descend to hell, yet to be punished with different punishments. The same most holy Roman Church firmly believes and firmly declares that nevertheless on the day of judgment "all" men will be brought together
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856 Because if they die truly repentant in charity before they have made satisfaction by worthy fruits of penance for (sins) committed and omitted, their souls are cleansed after death by purgatorical or purifying punishmentsâŠ. And to relieve punishments of this kind, the offerings of the living
839:
At the council, Pope
Gregory promulgated a new Crusade to start in 1278 in liaison with the Mongols. The Pope put in place a vast program to launch the Crusade, which was written down in his "Constitutions for the zeal of the faith". This text puts forward four main decisions to accomplish the
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and the union of the
Eastern and Western Churches. The first session took place on 7 May 1274 and was followed by five additional sessions on 18 May 1274, 4 or 7 June 1274, 6 July 1274, 16 July 1274, and 17 July 1274. By the end of the council, 31 constitutions were promulgated. In the second
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857 However, the souls of those who after having received holy baptism have incurred no stain of sin whatever, also those souls who, after contracting the stain of sin, either while remaining in their bodies or being divested of them, have been cleansed, as we have said above, are received
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in the East, and he asked Latin despots in the East to curb their ambitions. Eastern dignitaries arrived at Lyon on 24 June 1274 presenting a letter from the
Emperor. On 29 June 1274 (the Feast of Peter and Paul, patronal feast of the popes), Gregory celebrated
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faithful are of advantage to these, namely, the sacrifices of Masses, prayers, alms, and other duties of piety, which have customarily been performed by the faithful for the other faithful according to the regulations of the Church.
471:, among whom were the representatives of the universities. Due to the great number of attendees, those who had come to Lyon without being specifically summoned were given "leave to depart with the blessing of God" and of the
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sung three times. The council was seemingly a success, but did not provide a lasting solution to the schism; the
Emperor was anxious to heal the schism, but the Eastern clergy opposed the decisions of the council.
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828:, where after welcoming the Christian ambassadors to his court, Hulagu had agreed to exempt Latin Christians from taxes and charges, in exchange for their prayers for the
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The council dealt with the reform of the Church, regarding which
Gregory had sent out inquiries. Several bishops and abbots were deposed for unworthiness, and some
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of
Christendom. The plans were approved but nothing concrete was done. James I of Aragon wished to organize the expedition at once, but this was opposed by the
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855 âŠ(the Church) says and teaches that those who after baptism slip into sin must not be rebaptized, but by true penance attain forgiveness of their sins.
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Even though the
Council was moved to Ferrara in 1438 and later to Florence, some bishops refused to move and remained in a parallel Council at Basel.
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Abaqa's Latin secretary
Rychaldus delivered a report to the council, which outlined previous European-Ilkhanid relations under Abaqa's father,
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to the Franks. Richardus told the assembly that even after Hulagu's death, Abaqa was still determined to drive the
Mamluks from Syria.
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with the Greeks, and the definition of the order and procedure to be observed in the council. The Greeks conceded on the issue of the
1259:"1274: Promulgation of a Crusade, in liaison with the Mongols", Jean Richard, "Histoire des Croisades", p. 502/French, p. 487/English
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Ambassadors of the Khan of the Tatars negotiated with the Pope, who asked them to leave
Christians in peace during their war against
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Finally, the council dealt with the Imperial throne, which Alfonso X of Castile claimed. His claim was disallowed by the Pope, and
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sent a delegation of 13-16 Mongols to the council, which created a great stir, particularly when their leader underwent a public
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of pirates and corsairs and those who protected them or traded with them, a declaration of peace among Christians, a grant of an
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821:. According to one chronicler, "The Mongols came, not because of the Faith, but to conclude an alliance with the Christians".
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1192:: A Commercial Blockade of the Mediterranean in the Early Fourteenth Century?", in Georgios Theotokis; Aysel Yıldız (eds.),
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832:. According to Richardus, Hulagu had also prohibited the molestation of Frank establishments, and had committed to return
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appeared as represented elements in an ecclesiastical council, as they had already become represented in the governing of
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Crusade: the imposition of a new tax during three years, the interdiction of any kind of trade with the
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992:, 29 November 1268, until Gregory's election, 1 September 1271. The council decided that in future the
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with their bodies "before the tribunal of Christ" "to render an account" of their own deeds (Rm 14,10).
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854 âŠWe believe also in the true resurrection of this flesh, which now we bear, and in eternal lifeâŠ
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1008:. It has since been re-established, and is the basis of present legislation on papal elections.
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Theological differences between the Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church
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was present at the first four sessions but died at Lyon on 15 July 1274. As at the
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and the conciliar constitutions, including the three post-conciliar constitutions
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History of the Church: Volume 3: The Revolt Against The Church: Aquinas To Luther
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722:, who had reconquered Constantinople, putting an end to the remnants of the
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1371:. Studi Storici, 28â30. Rome: Istituto storico Italiano per il Medioevo.
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139:
1548:. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 177.
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Wetterau, Bruce. World history. New York: Henry Holt and company. 1994
935: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
806:
670: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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until they had elected a pope. This decision was suspended in 1276 by
3310:
1340:
Mansi, Giovan Domenico; Philippe Labbe; Jean Baptiste Martin (1780).
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was proclaimed King of the Romans and future emperor on 6 June 1274.
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522:, which James represented in person, representatives of the kings of
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1357:, bearb. von C.J. Hefele (fortgesetzt von J. Cardinal Hergenröther)
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841:
779:
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616:), and union was proclaimed, but the union was later repudiated by
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The main topics discussed at the council were the conquest of the
3339:* Ecumenical status disputed within the Eastern Orthodox Church.
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542:
were present, with procurators also representing the kingdoms of
464:
151:
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Pope Pius XII 1942 consecration to the Immaculate Heart of Mary
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1961:
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98:
1346:. Vol. Tomus 24. Venice: Antonius Zatta. pp. 37â134.
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The Byzantine Reaction to the Second Council of Lyons, 1274
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1508:. Vol. 2: Gaius-Proxies. Routledge. pp. 657â658.
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were suppressed. On the other hand, the two new orders of
774:) to recover the Holy Land, which was to be financed by a
2497:
Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution
1421:
Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils: Nicaea I to Lateran V
19:
For 13th Ecumenical Council that took place in 1245, see
3047:(Basel/Lausanne: 1431â1449; Ferrara/Florence: 1438â1445)
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with members of the Greek clergy and the ambassadors of
444:
presided over the council, called to act on a pledge by
16:
14th ecumenical council of the Catholic Church (1272â74)
1141:
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had been summoned to the council, but died en route at
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The Sources of Catholic Dogma (Enchiridion Symbolorum)
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Cathedral of St John, Lyon, illuminated for a festival
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Dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary
455:
with the West. The council was attended by about 300
1489:. Woodbridge, Suffolk UK: Boydell & Brewer Ltd.
620:, heir to Michael VIII. The council also recognized
1174:Georges Goyau, "Second Council of Lyons (1274)" in
604:for those willing to go on crusade, restoration of
1601:
1343:Sacrorum conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio
748:of Constantinople abdicated, and was replaced by
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2598:Persecutions of the Catholic Church and Pius XII
978:There had been several lengthy vacancies of the
735:where both sides took part. The Greeks read the
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1081:
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1071:Papal Encyclicals.net, accessed 23 January 2012
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1587:
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1118:The Sicilian representation was that sent by
475:. Among others who attended the council were
397:
206:Renaissance depiction of the Council of Trent
1360:. Vol. 6. Freiburg im Breisgau: Herder.
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1418:Tanner, Norman; Alberigo, Giuseppe (1990).
1403:. London: Sheed & Ward. pp. 1â22.
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2563:Prayer of Consecration to the Sacred Heart
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1223:Richard, "Histoire des Croisades", p. 452
1188:Cornel Bontea (2018), "The Theory of the
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951:Learn how and when to remove this message
768:The council drew up plans for a crusade (
686:Learn how and when to remove this message
582:session, the fathers approved the decree
160:Chronological list of ecumenical councils
3243:Ancient church councils (pre-ecumenical)
1392:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
697:
635:
3387:Catholic Church councils held in France
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1482:
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1368:Il pontificato di Gregorio X: 1271â1276
1107:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
900:
3364:
1396:
865:In the English version of Denzinger's
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592:, the means for paying for a proposed
3382:13th-century Catholic Church councils
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1385:
1364:
1355:Conciliengeschichte, nach den Quellen
1270:Les Latins en Orient (XIeâXVe siĂšcle)
1169:
1167:
933:adding citations to reliable sources
904:
718:, Pope Gregory X sent an embassy to
668:adding citations to reliable sources
639:
3417:Byzantine EmpireâHoly See relations
3402:Catholic Church ecumenical councils
2467:Suppression of the Society of Jesus
1466:The Mongols and the West, 1221â1410
1386:Nicol, Donald MacGillivray (1971).
739:, with the Western addition of the
13:
2022:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
1555:Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils
988:that had lasted from the death of
14:
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1513:
1504:Levillain, Philippe, ed. (2002).
1164:
778:imposed for six years on all the
432:on 31 March 1272 and convened in
3271:State church of the Roman Empire
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2148:Fourth Council of Constantinople
2103:Second Council of Constantinople
1351:von Hefele, Karl Joseph (1867).
909:
862:was defined for the first time.
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479:, the ambassador of the Emperor
373:
333:BaselâFerraraâFlorence (1431â42)
170:
3102:First seven ecumenical councils
2966:First seven ecumenical councils
2886:First seven ecumenical councils
2118:Third Council of Constantinople
2042:First Council of Constantinople
1486:Pope Gregory X and the Crusades
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1294:from the original on 2019-04-11
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1126:would take place 30 March 1282.
920:needs additional citations for
655:needs additional citations for
2357:Dissolution of the monasteries
1623:History of the Catholic Church
1446:. Cambridge University Press.
1232:Quoted in Jean Richard, p. 452
1160:Second Council of Lyons â 1274
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1112:
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511:was an English attendee and a
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2231:Fourth Council of the Lateran
2206:Second Council of the Lateran
1815:Apostles in the New Testament
1444:The Crusades: c. 1071âc. 1291
1333:
440:(in modern France), in 1274.
142:, apparent resolution of the
130:Documents and statements
2345:Catholic Counter-Reformation
2211:Third Council of the Lateran
2201:First Council of the Lateran
1657:Catholic ecumenical councils
1424:. London: Sheed & Ward.
854:Purgatory § Catholicism
847:
758:Council of Blachernae (1285)
756:repudiated the union in the
256:Constantinople III (680â681)
7:
1506:The Papacy: An Encyclopedia
1483:Baldwin, Philip B. (2014).
1241:Jean Richard, p. 435/French
1018:
858:Basic Catholic teaching on
266:Constantinople IV (869â870)
113:Conquest of the Holy Land,
10:
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1691:History of the Roman Curia
1535:"Lyons, Councils of"
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1738:Eastern Catholic Churches
1613:
1553:Norman P. Tanner, editor
1525:"Lyon, Second Council of"
1281:Session IV, 6 juil. 1274
1202:10.1163/9789004362048_011
867:Sources of Catholic Dogma
813:. Among the embassy were
792:recovery of the Holy Land
463:and more than a thousand
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109:
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85:
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63:
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41:
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3412:Michael VIII Palaiologos
3136:Oriental Orthodox Church
2558:Mary of the Divine Heart
2181:Clash against the empire
2133:Second Council of Nicaea
2027:Old St. Peter's Basilica
1557:, Second Council of Lyon
1365:Gatto, Ludovico (1959).
1057:
1026:Contra Errores Graecorum
890:immediately into heaven.
612:(two words added to the
481:Michael VIII Palaiologos
3311:Synod of Constantinople
3092:Eastern Orthodox Church
2824:Vatican City portal
2176:Investiture Controversy
2032:First Council of Nicaea
1545:EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica
1397:Hughes, Philip (1979).
1313:"Denzinger (latin) 846"
1214:Richard, p. 439/English
1052:NiccolĂČ and Maffeo Polo
786:. The Franciscan friar
251:Constantinople II (553)
2836:Catholicism portal
2647:Second Vatican Council
2533:Our Lady of La Salette
2340:Protestant Reformation
2327:Protestant Reformation
2246:Second Council of Lyon
1635:Ecclesiastical history
1567:Second Council of Lyon
1196:, Brill, p. 203,
1004:, and then revoked by
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892:
886:
880:
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703:
418:Second Council of Lyon
380:Catholicism portal
225:Constantinople I (381)
29:Second Council of Lyon
2543:First Vatican Council
2241:First Council of Lyon
2005:Constantine the Great
1701:Christian monasticism
1521:Catholic Encyclopedia
1190:Passagium Particulare
1176:Catholic Encyclopedia
1096:Papal Encyclicals.net
996:should not leave the
893:
887:
881:
876:
871:
701:
636:Union of the Churches
568:medieval universities
505:First Council of Lyon
426:Roman Catholic Church
58:First Council of Lyon
21:First Council of Lyon
3407:Christianity in Lyon
3327:Pan-Orthodox Council
2720:Sexual abuse scandal
2629:Mit brennender Sorge
2472:Age of Enlightenment
2251:Bernard of Clairvaux
2128:Byzantine Iconoclasm
2067:Council of Chalcedon
1847:Council of Jerusalem
1716:Role in civilization
1696:Religious institutes
1628:By country or region
1250:Jackson, pp. 167â168
982:, most recently the
929:improve this article
901:Other topics debated
869:these are given as:
664:improve this article
364:Vatican II (1962â65)
3224:Synod of Beth Lapat
2878:Ecumenical councils
2548:Papal infallibility
2538:Our Lady of Lourdes
2487:Shimabara Rebellion
2331:Counter-Reformation
1530:Mirbt, Carl Theodor
1138:, pp. 657â658.
764:Plans for a Crusade
706:Wishing to end the
420:was the fourteenth
359:Vatican I (1869â70)
351:19thâ20th centuries
338:Lateran V (1512â17)
328:Constance (1414â18)
320:15thâ16th centuries
274:12thâ14th centuries
189:Ecumenical councils
3303:Synod of Jerusalem
3216:Seleucia-Ctesiphon
3191:Church of the East
2935:Constantinople III
2593:Our Lady of FĂĄtima
2382:Ignatius of Loyola
2306:Catherine of Siena
2274:Pope Boniface VIII
2093:Benedict of Nursia
2062:Council of Ephesus
1899:Ante-Nicene period
1852:Split with Judaism
1686:Crusading movement
1284:"Denzinger EN 824"
788:Fidentius of Padua
771:passagium generale
704:
626:Holy Roman Emperor
422:ecumenical council
292:Lateran III (1179)
154:, internal reforms
3359:
3358:
3287:Quinisext Council
3188:Recognized by the
3133:Recognized by the
3110:Constantinople IV
3088:Recognized by the
2973:Constantinople IV
2955:Recognized by the
2927:Constantinople II
2844:
2843:
2804:COVID-19 pandemic
2782:Pope Benedict XVI
2687:Pope John Paul II
2462:Pope Benedict XIV
2448:French Revolution
2432:Thirty Years' War
2422:Robert Bellarmine
2407:John of the Cross
2311:Pope Alexander VI
2296:Council of Vienne
2226:Francis of Assisi
2216:Pope Innocent III
2085:Early Middle Ages
2079:
2078:
2075:
2074:
2017:Arian controversy
1970:
1969:
1918:Apostolic Fathers
1496:978-1-84383-916-3
1453:978-0-521-62566-1
1431:978-0-87840-490-2
1410:978-0-7220-7983-6
1378:978-88-495-1499-5
961:
960:
953:
716:Eastern Orthodoxy
710:that divided the
696:
695:
688:
538:, the Spains and
477:James I of Aragon
446:Byzantine emperor
414:
413:
297:Lateran IV (1215)
287:Lateran II (1139)
243:6thâ9th centuries
212:4thâ5th centuries
165:
164:
70:Council of Vienne
3424:
3350:
3347:
3330:
3322:
3314:
3306:
3298:
3290:
3282:
3266:
3254:
3227:
3219:
3211:
3208:Constantinople I
3203:
3180:
3172:
3164:
3156:
3153:Constantinople I
3148:
3125:
3121:Constantinople V
3115:
3104:
3094:
3080:
3072:
3064:
3056:
3048:
3040:
3032:
3024:
3016:
3008:
3000:
2992:
2984:
2976:
2968:
2946:
2938:
2930:
2922:
2914:
2906:
2903:Constantinople I
2898:
2871:
2864:
2857:
2848:
2847:
2834:
2833:
2822:
2821:
2820:
2799:Patriarch Kirill
2672:Pope John Paul I
2477:Anti-clericalism
2457:Pope Innocent XI
2377:Society of Jesus
2362:Council of Trent
2316:Age of Discovery
2261:Late Middle Ages
2163:High Middle Ages
2153:EastâWest Schism
2037:Pope Sylvester I
1983:
1982:
1972:
1971:
1882:General epistles
1877:Pauline epistles
1810:John the Baptist
1793:Great Commission
1755:
1754:
1706:Catholic culture
1596:
1589:
1582:
1573:
1572:
1549:
1537:
1509:
1500:
1479:
1457:
1435:
1414:
1393:
1382:
1361:
1347:
1328:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1309:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1299:
1279:
1273:
1266:
1260:
1257:
1251:
1248:
1242:
1239:
1233:
1230:
1224:
1221:
1215:
1212:
1206:
1204:
1185:
1179:
1171:
1162:
1157:
1151:
1145:
1139:
1133:
1127:
1124:Sicilian Vespers
1120:Charles of Anjou
1116:
1110:
1103:
1097:
1094:
1088:
1085:
1074:
1067:
965:mendicant orders
956:
949:
945:
942:
936:
913:
905:
817:, and the clerk
746:Patriarch Joseph
733:St John's Church
691:
684:
680:
677:
671:
648:
640:
509:Thomas Cantilupe
438:Kingdom of Arles
406:
399:
392:
378:
377:
312:Vienne (1311â12)
282:Lateran I (1123)
204:
174:
167:
166:
76:Convoked by
53:Previous council
42:Accepted by
26:
25:
3432:
3431:
3427:
3426:
3425:
3423:
3422:
3421:
3377:1270s in France
3362:
3361:
3360:
3355:
3354:
3353:
3348:
3344:
3333:
3325:
3317:
3309:
3301:
3293:
3285:
3269:
3257:
3241:
3230:
3222:
3214:
3206:
3198:
3189:
3183:
3175:
3167:
3159:
3151:
3143:
3134:
3128:
3118:
3107:
3100:
3090:
3089:
3083:
3075:
3067:
3059:
3051:
3043:
3035:
3027:
3019:
3011:
3003:
2995:
2987:
2979:
2971:
2964:
2957:Catholic Church
2956:
2949:
2941:
2933:
2925:
2917:
2909:
2901:
2893:
2880:
2875:
2845:
2840:
2828:
2818:
2816:
2808:
2730:World Youth Day
2708:
2697:World Youth Day
2641:Pacem in terris
2635:Pope John XXIII
2574:
2501:
2492:Edict of Nantes
2450:
2446:
2436:
2402:Teresa of Ăvila
2397:Tridentine Mass
2333:
2329:
2320:
2301:Knights Templar
2255:
2157:
2113:Gregorian chant
2071:
1997:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1978:
1966:
1893:
1762:
1750:
1742:
1609:
1607:Catholic Church
1600:
1516:
1497:
1476:
1454:
1432:
1411:
1379:
1336:
1331:
1321:
1319:
1311:
1310:
1306:
1297:
1295:
1282:
1280:
1276:
1267:
1263:
1258:
1254:
1249:
1245:
1240:
1236:
1231:
1227:
1222:
1218:
1213:
1209:
1186:
1182:
1172:
1165:
1158:
1154:
1146:
1142:
1134:
1130:
1117:
1113:
1104:
1100:
1095:
1091:
1086:
1077:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1032:History of Lyon
1021:
975:were approved.
957:
946:
940:
937:
926:
914:
903:
856:
850:
784:Knights Templar
766:
741:Filioque clause
712:Catholic Church
692:
681:
675:
672:
661:
649:
638:
598:excommunication
518:In addition to
497:Fossanova Abbey
451:to reunite the
410:
372:
343:Trent (1545â63)
261:Nicaea II (787)
235:Chalcedon (451)
207:
194:Catholic Church
191:
131:
66:
54:
46:Catholic Church
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3430:
3420:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3372:1274 in Europe
3357:
3356:
3352:
3351:
3341:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3334:
3332:
3331:
3323:
3315:
3307:
3299:
3295:Synod of Jassy
3291:
3283:
3267:
3255:
3238:
3236:
3232:
3231:
3229:
3228:
3220:
3212:
3204:
3195:
3193:
3185:
3184:
3182:
3181:
3173:
3165:
3157:
3149:
3140:
3138:
3130:
3129:
3127:
3126:
3116:
3105:
3097:
3095:
3085:
3084:
3082:
3081:
3073:
3065:
3057:
3049:
3045:Basel-Florence
3041:
3033:
3025:
3017:
3009:
3001:
2993:
2985:
2977:
2969:
2961:
2959:
2951:
2950:
2948:
2947:
2939:
2931:
2923:
2915:
2907:
2899:
2890:
2888:
2882:
2881:
2874:
2873:
2866:
2859:
2851:
2842:
2841:
2839:
2838:
2826:
2813:
2810:
2809:
2807:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2778:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2727:
2722:
2716:
2714:
2710:
2709:
2707:
2706:
2705:
2704:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2637:
2632:
2625:
2620:
2618:Lateran Treaty
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2584:
2582:
2576:
2575:
2573:
2572:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2509:
2507:
2503:
2502:
2500:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2453:
2451:
2443:Baroque period
2441:
2438:
2437:
2435:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2412:Peter Canisius
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2387:Francis Xavier
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2351:Exsurge Domine
2347:
2342:
2336:
2334:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2319:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2291:Pope Clement V
2288:
2287:
2286:
2284:Avignon Papacy
2279:Western Schism
2276:
2271:
2269:Thomas Aquinas
2265:
2263:
2257:
2256:
2254:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2167:
2165:
2159:
2158:
2156:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2123:Saint Boniface
2120:
2115:
2110:
2108:Pope Gregory I
2105:
2100:
2095:
2089:
2087:
2081:
2080:
2077:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2070:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2047:Biblical canon
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2013:
2012:
2001:
1999:
1980:
1976:Late antiquity
1968:
1967:
1965:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1943:
1942:
1937:
1936:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1923:Pope Clement I
1913:Church Fathers
1910:
1904:
1902:
1895:
1894:
1892:
1891:
1890:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1838:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1796:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1769:
1767:
1752:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1719:
1718:
1713:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1682:
1681:
1676:
1674:Biblical canon
1669:Catholic Bible
1666:
1665:
1664:
1654:
1653:
1652:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1631:
1630:
1619:
1617:
1611:
1610:
1599:
1598:
1591:
1584:
1576:
1570:
1569:
1564:
1550:
1540:Chisholm, Hugh
1526:
1515:
1514:External links
1512:
1511:
1510:
1501:
1495:
1480:
1474:
1462:Jackson, Peter
1458:
1452:
1436:
1430:
1415:
1409:
1394:
1383:
1377:
1362:
1348:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1329:
1304:
1274:
1261:
1252:
1243:
1234:
1225:
1216:
1207:
1180:
1163:
1152:
1150:, p. 658.
1148:Levillain 2002
1140:
1136:Levillain 2002
1128:
1111:
1098:
1089:
1075:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1037:Bagimonds Roll
1034:
1029:
1020:
1017:
959:
958:
917:
915:
908:
902:
899:
852:Main article:
849:
846:
815:David of Ashby
765:
762:
694:
693:
652:
650:
643:
637:
634:
513:papal chaplain
493:Thomas Aquinas
453:Eastern church
442:Pope Gregory X
412:
411:
409:
408:
401:
394:
386:
383:
382:
369:
368:
367:
366:
361:
353:
352:
348:
347:
346:
345:
340:
335:
330:
322:
321:
317:
316:
315:
314:
309:
307:Lyon II (1274)
304:
299:
294:
289:
284:
276:
275:
271:
270:
269:
268:
263:
258:
253:
245:
244:
240:
239:
238:
237:
232:
227:
222:
220:Nicaea I (325)
214:
213:
209:
208:
205:
197:
196:
185:
184:
176:
175:
163:
162:
156:
155:
132:
129:
126:
125:
111:
107:
106:
95:
91:
90:
89:Pope Gregory X
87:
83:
82:
80:Pope Gregory X
77:
73:
72:
67:
64:
61:
60:
55:
52:
49:
48:
43:
39:
38:
35:
31:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3429:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3397:Medieval Lyon
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3369:
3367:
3346:
3342:
3336:
3328:
3324:
3320:
3316:
3312:
3308:
3304:
3300:
3296:
3292:
3288:
3284:
3280:
3276:
3272:
3268:
3264:
3260:
3256:
3252:
3248:
3244:
3240:
3239:
3237:
3233:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3197:
3196:
3194:
3192:
3186:
3178:
3174:
3170:
3166:
3162:
3158:
3154:
3150:
3146:
3142:
3141:
3139:
3137:
3131:
3123:
3122:
3117:
3113:
3111:
3106:
3103:
3099:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3086:
3078:
3074:
3070:
3066:
3062:
3058:
3054:
3050:
3046:
3042:
3038:
3034:
3030:
3026:
3022:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2982:
2978:
2974:
2970:
2967:
2963:
2962:
2960:
2958:
2952:
2944:
2940:
2936:
2932:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2908:
2904:
2900:
2896:
2892:
2891:
2889:
2887:
2883:
2879:
2872:
2867:
2865:
2860:
2858:
2853:
2852:
2849:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2825:
2815:
2814:
2811:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2794:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2732:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2715:
2711:
2703:
2700:
2699:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2677:Mother Teresa
2675:
2673:
2670:
2667:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2642:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2630:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2603:Pope Pius XII
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2585:
2583:
2581:
2577:
2571:
2570:
2569:Rerum novarum
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2553:Pope Leo XIII
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2523:United States
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2513:Pope Pius VII
2511:
2510:
2508:
2504:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2352:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2328:
2323:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2285:
2282:
2281:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2266:
2264:
2262:
2258:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2196:Scholasticism
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2171:Pope Urban II
2169:
2168:
2166:
2164:
2160:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2090:
2088:
2086:
2082:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2011:
2008:
2007:
2006:
2003:
2002:
2000:
1996:
1988:
1984:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1963:
1960:
1958:
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1947:Justin Martyr
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1857:New Testament
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1820:Commissioning
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1475:0-582-36896-0
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1440:Richard, Jean
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1002:Pope Adrian V
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918:This section
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754:Andronicus II
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653:This section
651:
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642:
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633:
631:
628:, ending the
627:
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618:Andronicus II
615:
611:
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572:nation-states
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302:Lyon I (1245)
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230:Ephesus (431)
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27:
22:
3345:
3259:Great Church
3124:(1341â1351)*
3119:
3109:
3020:
2791:
2787:Pope Francis
2713:21st century
2662:Pope Paul VI
2639:
2627:
2580:20th century
2567:
2518:Pope Pius IX
2506:19th century
2482:Pope Pius VI
2349:
2245:
2221:Latin Empire
2191:Universities
2143:Pope Leo III
2010:Christianity
1995:state church
1987:Great Church
1788:Resurrection
1751:(30â325/476)
1748:Early Church
1733:Latin Church
1728:Papal States
1723:Vatican City
1560:
1554:
1543:
1520:
1505:
1485:
1465:
1443:
1420:
1399:
1388:
1367:
1356:
1353:
1342:
1322:27 September
1320:. Retrieved
1316:
1307:
1296:. Retrieved
1287:
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1131:
1114:
1105:
1101:
1092:
1065:
1024:
1010:
985:sede vacante
983:
977:
962:
947:
938:
927:Please help
922:verification
919:
894:
888:
882:
877:
872:
864:
857:
838:
823:
796:
769:
767:
737:Nicene Creed
724:Latin Empire
720:Michael VIII
708:Great Schism
705:
682:
673:
662:Please help
657:verification
654:
614:Nicene Creed
584:
583:
576:
517:
449:Michael VIII
417:
415:
306:
144:Great Schism
134:Approval of
115:Great Schism
65:Next council
3177:Ephesus III
3079:(1962â1965)
3071:(1869â1870)
3063:(1545â1563)
3055:(1512â1517)
3039:(1414â1418)
3031:(1311â1312)
2997:Lateran III
2793:Laudato si'
2588:Pope Pius X
2417:Philip Neri
2392:Pope Pius V
2367:Thomas More
2236:Inquisition
2138:Charlemagne
2098:Monasticism
1908:Persecution
1800:Holy Spirit
1783:Crucifixion
1662:First seven
1561:Zelus fidei
1468:. Longman.
973:Franciscans
750:John Bekkos
630:interregnum
585:Zelus fidei
501:Bonaventure
469:procurators
140:Franciscans
3366:Categories
3169:Ephesus II
3077:Vatican II
3005:Lateran IV
2989:Lateran II
2666:coronation
2372:Pope Leo X
1957:Tertullian
1887:Revelation
1862:Background
1334:References
1298:2022-03-06
990:Clement IV
969:Dominicans
941:March 2016
807:Abaqa Khan
676:March 2016
602:indulgence
485:Abaqa Khan
136:Dominicans
94:Attendance
3112:(879â880)
3069:Vatican I
3053:Lateran V
3037:Constance
2981:Lateran I
2975:(869â870)
2943:Nicaea II
2937:(680â681)
2919:Chalcedon
2682:Communism
2652:Ecumenism
1998:(380â451)
1990:(180â451)
1979:(313â476)
1901:(100â325)
1317:catho.org
1272:, p. 210.
1013:Rudolph I
994:cardinals
860:Purgatory
848:Purgatory
834:Jerusalem
819:Rychaldus
780:benefices
606:communion
590:Holy Land
579:Holy Land
489:Ilkhanate
467:or their
123:conclaves
86:President
37:1272â1274
3392:Filioque
3235:See also
3200:Nicaea I
3145:Nicaea I
2895:Nicaea I
2692:HIV/AIDS
2186:Crusades
1940:Irenaeus
1933:Ignatius
1928:Polycarp
1778:Ministry
1766:(30â100)
1640:Timeline
1532:(1911).
1464:(2005).
1442:(1999).
1292:Archived
1019:See also
998:conclave
980:Holy See
842:Saracens
622:Rudolf I
610:Filioque
532:Scotland
465:prelates
430:convoked
181:a series
179:Part of
150:for the
119:filioque
3161:Ephesus
3021:Lyon II
2911:Ephesus
2657:Judaism
2057:Vulgate
1867:Gospels
1842:Stephen
1759:Origins
1679:Vulgate
1615:General
1605:of the
1603:History
1542:(ed.).
811:baptism
805:leader
594:crusade
564:nations
556:Bohemia
552:Hungary
528:England
524:Germany
487:of the
457:bishops
424:of the
192:of the
152:crusade
99:bishops
3329:(2016)
3321:(1965)
3313:(1872)
3305:(1672)
3297:(1642)
3029:Vienne
3023:(1274)
3015:(1245)
3013:Lyon I
3007:(1215)
2999:(1179)
2991:(1139)
2983:(1123)
2623:Nazism
2445:to the
2052:Jerome
1962:Origen
1645:Papacy
1493:
1472:
1450:
1428:
1407:
1375:
830:Qaghan
826:Hulagu
803:Mongol
801:. The
596:, the
560:Poland
548:Sweden
544:Norway
540:Sicily
536:France
520:Aragon
461:abbots
183:on the
110:Topics
103:abbots
3289:(692)
3261:(180â
3249:/155â
3226:(484)
3218:(410)
3210:(381)
3202:(325)
3179:(475)
3171:(449)
3163:(431)
3155:(381)
3147:(325)
3061:Trent
2945:(787)
2929:(553)
2921:(451)
2913:(431)
2905:(381)
2897:(325)
2725:Islam
1993:Roman
1952:Canon
1825:Peter
1773:Jesus
1538:. In
1058:Notes
799:Islam
776:tithe
714:from
459:, 60
148:tithe
97:560 (
2775:2023
2770:2019
2765:2016
2760:2013
2755:2011
2750:2008
2745:2005
2740:2002
2735:2000
2702:1995
1872:Acts
1835:Paul
1830:John
1805:Mary
1491:ISBN
1470:ISBN
1448:ISBN
1426:ISBN
1405:ISBN
1373:ISBN
1324:2023
971:and
729:Mass
473:Pope
434:Lyon
416:The
138:and
101:and
34:Date
3279:451
3275:380
3263:451
3251:314
1761:and
1711:Art
1198:doi
931:by
731:in
666:by
624:as
3368::
3247:50
1559::
1315:.
1290:.
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1078:^
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