Education in Scotland

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between 5 and 5½ years old, and those born between September and February start school in the previous August at between age 4½ and 4 years 11 months years old. The Scottish system is the most flexible in the UK, however, as parents of children born between September and December can decide to defer for 1 year (but may or may not receive a funded nursery place in the deferral year), whilst children born between January and February can opt to hold their child back a year and let them start school the following August, with guaranteed nursery funding. This usually allows those not ready for formal education to have an extra year at an early years centre (formerly known as nursery).

1669:, Getting it Right for Every Child (GIRFEC) as well as the National Improvement Framework. The attainment challenge focuses and accelerates targeted improvement activity in literacy, numeracy and health and wellbeing in specific areas of Scotland, known as "challenge authorities" (those councils with a higher percentage of children growing up in poverty and deprivation). At a cost of £750 million to the Scottish Government through the Attainment Scotland Fund, the challenge is a targeted initiative focused on supporting pupils in the local authorities of Scotland with the highest concentrations of deprivation. Currently, the nine 'Challenge Authorities' are 1101: 352:) at the age of fifteen/sixteen, normally for between 6 and eight subjects including compulsory exams in English and Mathematics. A Science subject (Physics, Biology or Chemistry) and a Social Subject (Geography, History or Modern Studies) were also compulsory, but this was changed in accordance with the new curriculum. It is now required by the Scottish Parliament for students to have two hours of physical education a week; each school may vary these compulsory combinations. The school leaving age is generally sixteen (after completion of National 4/5s), after which students may choose to remain at school and study for 1780: 1366: 715:

to Primary 1 in the August of the year in which they turn five. In general, the cut-off point for ages is the end of February, so all children must be of a certain age on 1 March to begin class in August. All parents of children born between September and February (i.e. still 4 years old on the school start date) are entitled to defer entry to Primary School if they believe their child is not ready for school. Only children whose birthdays fall in January or February will be considered for funding for a subsequent year at an early years centre, unless there are special circumstances.

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secondary school open and operational for what, in some cases, can be a lower than average pupil roll. In some areas, pupils attending secondary school require to travel from island communities to the mainland for access to secondary education, with children residing in residential accommodation (also called hostels) on the mainland during school term-term to avoid having to make lengthy travel back to their island communities. The Scottish Government has pledged to ensure that "island students be put on an equal platform with their counterparts from the mainland".

854: 320: 46: 5874: 5862: 1300: 1339: 5884: 723:", which has a specific high school that takes children who live in that area. Parents can also apply for a placement request if they would like their child to attend a school outside their catchment area and a panel will decide if the child is the most worthy (out of all placing requests) to take one of the spaces left after all children from the catchment area have been taken. 231:

Each local authority has control over their own education budget and have responsibility to ensure that their local authority area is implementing national educational policy and guidelines as directed by the Scottish Government. When proposing a change to any aspect of education provision in their area, local authorities must engage in a formal process as required through the

2014:

more than three years. Fees must be paid by those outside the young student definition, typically from £1,200 to £1,800 for undergraduate courses, dependent on year of application and type of qualification. Postgraduate fees can be up to £3,400. The system has been in place since 2007 when graduate endowments were abolished. Labour's education spokesperson

1153:, and include the parish schools, pioneered by the Church of Scotland and other Protestant Churches, which became state schools in 1872. Religious education is taught in non-denominational schools and in denominational schools. Of over 2,500 schools in Scotland, there are 366 state schools which are Roman Catholic, three Episcopalian and one Jewish. The 1395:: These are schools under the management of an education authority. These schools do not charge fees to attend and have no entrance restrictions. Both denominational and non-denominational schools fall within this category. In the Education (Scotland) Act 1980 they are also referred to as 'public schools' (not to be confused with the other meaning of 1203:

primary school). Nursery classes or early years centres attached to a primary school are inspected by Education Scotland as part of the primary school inspection. In addition to an inspection by Education Scotland inspectors, nursery classes and early years centres are also required to be inspected by the Care Inspectorate.

227:. Children in Scotland sit mandatory National Standardised Assessments in Primary 1 (P1), Primary 4 (P4), Primary 7 (P7) at the end of primary school, and Third Year (S3) in secondary school, which assist in monitoring children's progress and providing diagnostic data information to support teachers' professional judgement. 1439:: Independent schools are schools that are not under management of an education authority and do not receive direct state funding. To qualify as a school, it must provide full-time education for at least five pupils of school age. Schools of this type are required to register and are subject to inspections by 1954:

The university sector in Scotland had a total income of £3.5 billion in 2014/15 with the Scottish Government giving approximately £623 million in funding for individual university student support. The Scottish Funding Council contributing £1.1 billion of public money to the fifteen universities, this

1664:

In 2015, the Scottish Government launched the Scottish Attainment Challenge which aims to achieve equity in educational outcomes throughout Scotland. The Scottish Government envisages equity being achieved by ensuring every child has the same opportunity to succeed, with a particular focus on closing

718:

Children may leave school once they reach their statutory school leaving date; this is dependent on date of birth. For children born between 1 March and 30 September, this date is 31 May of their 4th year of secondary school. For children born between 1 October and 28 February, the last day of June

230:

Each of Scotland's 32 local authorities have control over the provision of mandatory education and early learning and childcare (nursery education; not mandatory) in their area and have a statutory requirement to ensure pupils in each area receive adequate and efficient provision of school education.

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language. They are mainly located in the main cities of Scotland and in areas with higher numbers of Gaelic speakers. Gaelic medium education is becoming increasingly popular throughout Scotland, and the number of pupils who are in Gaelic medium education at primary school level has risen from 24 in

1721:

The SNP-led government launched the Scottish Survey of Literacy and Numeracy in 2011. The survey showed a sustained decline in basic literacy and numeracy among school pupils over six years. It was then scrapped by the government and its measures of literacy were replaced in part with a system based

967:

in S5. The number of National 4/5 qualifications a pupil enters can vary drastically depending on the individual, with the most common number of National 5s taken, per pupil, in 2017 being 6, however some may choose to undertake as few as one or two, up to eight or nine. For those who wish to remain

714:

The age ranges specify the youngest age for a child entering that year and the oldest age for a child leaving that year. Playgroup can be described as a daycare centre for toddlers, then children may go on to attend an early years centre as soon as they have passed their third birthday, and progress

2013:

Tuition fees are handled by the Student Awards Agency Scotland (SAAS), which pays the fees of what it defines as "Young Students". Young Students are defined as those under 25, without children, marriage, civil partnership or cohabiting partner, who have not been outside of full-time education for

1129:

that had been raised by teachers and Early Years Practitioners as a major problem with the curriculum. Following a review, in 2017, the Scottish Government introduced a new framework that would empower teachers and Early Years Practitioners to remove the unnecessary levels of bureaucracy that had

987:

Pupils can go to university at the end of S5, as Highers provide the entry requirements for Scottish universities where degrees are normally four years long; however, recently it is more common for students to remain until S6, taking further Highers and/or taking Advanced Highers. The majority of

339:

Children start primary school aged between 4½ and 5½ depending on when the child's birthday falls. Scottish school policy places all those born between March of a given year and February of the following year in the same year group. Children born between March and August start school in August at

1942:

for their first undergraduate degree, but tuition fees are charged for those from the rest of the United Kingdom. All students are required to pay tuition fees for postgraduate education (e.g. MSc, PhD), except in certain priority areas funded by the Scottish Government, or if another source of

1736:

The Scottish Survey of Adult Literacies in 2009 reported that 26.7% of adults in Scotland "may face occasional challenges and constrained opportunities due to their literacy difficulties, but will generally cope with their day-to-day lives". Of that group, 3.6% "face serious challenges in their

2021:

Scotland's universities are complemented in the provision of Further and Higher Education by 43 colleges. Colleges offer National Certificates, Higher National Certificates, and Higher National Diplomas. These Group Awards, alongside Scottish Vocational Qualifications, aim to ensure Scotland's

1202:

regulates Early Learning and Childcare provision in Scotland. The Care Inspectorate publish their own independent inspection reviews of early years provision, and also liaises with Education Scotland frequently to conduct an inspection process for stand alone nurseries (those not attached to a

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that would replace existing guidance on the school curriculum. Curriculum for Excellence was launched in Scottish secondary schools from school session 2012–2013. In 2017, new reforms were introduced moving control over curriculum and schools more towards head teachers and parents. Additional

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Access to secondary school education in Scotland's island communities can be complex. Due to lower population numbers in some of Scotland's island settlements, not every island community can have a secondary school given low pupil numbers and the financial strain this can present by having a

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document highlighted six key drivers for improvement in Scottish education; School and Early Learning and Childcare leadership, teacher and Early Years Practitioner professionalism, parental/carer involvement and engagement, curriculum and assessment, school and Early Learning and Childcare

881:

and higher education qualifications. Pupils in Primary 1, Primary 4 and Primary 7 at primary school sit a set of national standardised assessments, with secondary pupils sitting the national standardised assessments in S3 in literacy, reading and numeracy. The assessments provided data and

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Education Scotland is solely responsible for the inspection of Scotland's primary, secondary and additional support needs schools, and like the Care Inspectorate, can also produce their own independent inspection reviews of early learning and childcare establishments in Scotland.

1958:

In 2014–15, approximately 232,570 students studied at universities or institutes of higher education in Scotland, of which 56% were female and 44% male, with 66% being domiciled in Scotland, 12% from the rest of the United Kingdom, 9% from the EU and the remaining 13% being

278:

The 2021 Nuffield report noted that "Scottish pupils start off strongly at a young age, but then quickly fall behind their UK peers, particularly in maths, which we know has been an issue that Scotland has had to grapple with for several years." In 2014, research by the

1963:. Of all these, approximately 76% were studying for their first degree (i.e. undergraduate level) and 24% for a taught postgraduate degree (primarily a master's degree) or a doctoral research degree (primarily PhD). The remainder were mostly on other programmes such as 250:

legislative control over all education matters, and the Education (Scotland) Act 1980 is the principal legislation governing education in Scotland. Traditionally, the Scottish system at secondary school level has emphasised breadth across a range of subjects, while the

386:

The table below lists rough equivalences with the year system in the rest of the United Kingdom (For England and Wales, the equivalence given is for children born before 1 September; the equivalence for those born from September to February is given in brackets):

1708:

On 1 February 2017 the share each primary and secondary school will receive for the academic year 2017–2018 from the Scottish Government's £120 million Pupil Equity Funding was announced by the Deputy First Minister and Cabinet Secretary for Education and Skills

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generally have courses a year longer (typically 4 years) than their counterparts elsewhere in the UK, though it is often possible for students to take more advanced specialised exams and join the courses at the second year. One unique aspect is that the

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English universities, the most popular choice for Scottish students who wish to study university degrees outside of Scotland, require Advanced Higher qualification levels as these are deemed by the English universities to be most similar to A-levels.

844:

is also legal in Scotland. Parents wishing to home educate do not need the permission of the Local Authority unless the children are already registered at a school. There are no exact numbers available for children being educated at home in Scotland.

889:

was launched to ensure that children and young people in Scottish education experience a range of opportunities to learn and develop skills and capacities and ensuring that children and young people experience a broad general education. The

1384:

throughout Scotland, both in the state and independent sector. The vast majority of schools in the state sector are administered directly by the local Education Authority, which is synonymous with the 32 councils used for local government.

274:

in 2018 ranked Scotland as second out of four in the UK (after England) for reading with an average above the OECD average, while scoring third in the UK, and its results steadily dropping, in maths and science, scoring at OECD average.

343:

Pupils remain at primary school for seven years. Then aged eleven or twelve, they start secondary school for a compulsory four years with the following two years being optional. In Scotland, pupils sit National 4/5 exams (previously

719:

is the first date they may leave school if they have a placement at college and the school have signed the health & safety forms. Which high school the children go to depends on the area where they live, known as the "

2026:

found that Scotland was the most highly educated country in Europe and among the most well-educated in the world in terms of tertiary education attainment, with roughly 40% of people in Scotland aged 16–64 educated to

2674: 1483:

There is not a set name for secondary schools in Scotland, but whatever they might be called, with just a few specific exceptions in mainly rural or island authorities, state secondary schools in Scotland are fully

2857: 1046:, which is the national awarding and accrediting body in Scotland, and delivered through various schools, colleges and other centres. Political responsibility for education at all levels is vested in the 1888:(UHI) gained full university status in 2011, having been created through the federation of 13 colleges and research institutions across the Highlands and Islands, a process that began in 2001. 4710: 3044: 1031:

in 22 of the 32 Local Authority areas. At September 2011 the total pupil population in Scotland was 702,104, of which 31,425 pupils, or 4.5%, were being educated in independent schools.

1818:. In Scotland, FE college students receiving certain qualifications – frequently HNC and HND qualifications in a relevant subject – can apply for entry at a later stage at university. 2812: 3239: 2542: 1713:. This funding is provided through the Attainment Scotland Fund and allocated directly to schools, targeted at those children most affected by the poverty related attainment gap. 2290: 2237: 283:

found that Scotland was the most highly educated country in Europe and among the most well-educated in the world in terms of tertiary education attainment, above countries like

5810: 2708: 6321: 5023: 2678: 6216: 1324: 1188: 3110: 6221: 1019:, and the compulsory phase is divided into primary school and secondary school (often called high school). Schools are supported in delivering learning and teaching by 3209: 1733:, which shows that Scotland's international standing in reading and mathematics (as well as science) in schools fell between the first decade of the century and 2018. 3385: 2360: 1891:

All Scottish universities have the power to award degrees at all levels: undergraduate, taught postgraduate, and doctoral. Education in Scotland is controlled by the

1806:

Colleges offer a wide range of vocational qualifications to young people and older adults, including vocational, competency-based qualifications (previously known as

2518: 1722:

on teacher judgements. The teacher judgement data from December 2018 indicated that 70% of pupils achieved the expected literacy level by the end of primary school.

1642:, Edinburgh. All of these are, equally, fully comprehensive non-selective schools, differing only in designation from all other state secondary schools in Scotland. 1748:

is available at several levels. Formal music education begins at 4½ years and can progress as high as postgraduate studies. Music education can take place within a

711:

Government funded schools are free for children aged 5–19. In many cases, this applies to children of international post-graduate students, and other immigrants.

6269: 6201: 2430: 3440: 1496:. These are spread across the country. Almost all Catholic secondaries are high schools, with the majority of the other names being non-denominational schools. 1138: 2304: 1803:

available to people having reached the end of compulsory education at 16. In the early 2010s, colleges were merged to form larger, regional institutions.

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information to track pupils progress in education and allows the Scottish Government to collate data across Scotland regarding educational performance.

5394: 2981: 6316: 3559: 1429:

and the Scottish Centre for Children with Motor Impairments (Craighalbert Centre). Despite their status, several of these schools are members of the

232: 3327: 5759: 3261: 2032: 1726: 5426: 5421: 5018: 4956: 4884: 4415: 3034: 2925: 2069: 2035:, all four Scottish regions ranked significantly above the European average for completion of tertiary-level education by 25- to 64-year-olds. 1912: 1791: 1730: 267: 5920: 5458: 5150: 5102: 3297: 3080: 1916: 1083: 3158: 2804: 4879: 4874: 4829: 3231: 3132: 2652: 2539: 1183:

has overall responsibility for education provision in Scotland. The Cabinet Secretary is assisted by three junior ministers, currently the

870: 1405:: Grant-Aided schools are independent of their education authority and can decide on their own governance, but are directly funded by the 5830: 5631: 5536: 5404: 4077: 2613: 2137: 1157:

brought Roman Catholic schools within the State education system, ensuring the promotion of a Roman Catholic ethos within such schools.

5544: 5358: 4941: 4705: 4168: 3293: 2416: 2154: 2110: 2074: 1900: 1237: 1180: 1063: 372: 66: 4905: 2386: 5176: 3671: 2700: 5820: 4553: 6311: 5692: 5564: 5554: 5468: 5463: 5351: 4048: 2341: 2049: 1885: 1503:. These are spread across the country but are in high concentration in North-East Scotland, Ayrshire and Galloway, an example is 1444: 1430: 1192: 1028: 224: 3410: 2342:"New study compares pupil performance across UK nations and reveals different results from established international PISA tests" 5581: 4178: 3929: 3102: 2790: 2635: 1287: 1184: 1860:

There are fifteen universities in Scotland and three other institutions of higher education which have the authority to award

5416: 4951: 4092: 3902: 3775: 364: 3205: 2829: 2028: 1134:, planning and evaluating for children's progress and learning and the paperwork involved in Scottish education as a whole. 292: 6047: 5887: 5847: 4732: 4467: 3999: 3378: 2356: 2054: 1118:, Scotland had no national standards for some time. In 2003, work began on an education reform programme, to produce a new 841: 3538: 2510: 5977: 5245: 5028: 4992: 4859: 4643: 4447: 4343: 4019: 3765: 1761: 952: 242:, and the Scottish education system is distinctly different from those in the other countries of the United Kingdom. The 220: 5598: 4971: 4869: 4303: 3596: 1935: 215:, with additional responsibility for nursery schools being the joint responsibility of both Education Scotland and the 17: 2441: 5913: 5321: 5316: 5095: 4966: 4690: 4425: 4162: 4087: 4004: 3810: 3730: 3436: 3353: 1654: 1254: 1247: 1051: 1043: 956: 878: 874: 1650: 5531: 5363: 5038: 4854: 4822: 3755: 3740: 3720: 1869: 1844: 1599: 996: 991: 304: 4680: 6285: 6184: 5997: 5287: 5277: 4749: 4107: 3897: 3780: 1556:. These schools cater for Primary as well as Secondary school children. They are found in rural areas or islands. 1414: 1113: 6306: 6244: 6022: 5603: 5593: 5586: 5526: 5296: 4946: 4915: 4864: 4517: 4188: 3924: 3914: 3192: 2023: 2022:

population has the appropriate skills and knowledge to meet workplace needs. In 2014, research reported by the

1396: 1024: 280: 3584:

Arnott, Margaret, and Jenny Ozga. "Education and nationalism: The discourse of education policy in Scotland."

2471: 5145: 5128: 5059: 5013: 4759: 4263: 4213: 4135: 3750: 3664: 3001: 2973: 2881: 1154: 260: 5835: 4997: 6259: 6211: 6109: 6104: 5906: 5877: 5702: 5636: 5448: 5306: 5123: 5088: 4507: 4410: 4357: 4308: 4268: 4065: 4043: 3710: 1975: 1971:

via distance-learning, and the Open University teaches 40 per cent of Scotland's part-time undergraduates.

1811: 1199: 1055: 1012: 324: 216: 5559: 5346: 5326: 5064: 5033: 4815: 4717: 4653: 4512: 4457: 3919: 3909: 3882: 3725: 3323: 2044: 1826: 730:

The table below lists list the numbers of children, schools and teachers in all publicly funded schools:

380: 5707: 3268: 2591: 2577: 1665:

the poverty-related attainment gap. It is underpinned by national Scottish educational policies such as

6069: 5815: 5791: 5311: 5171: 4648: 4442: 4150: 4144: 3994: 3939: 3820: 1800: 1175:

is responsible for the education system in Scotland, and the countries education system is overseen by

1100: 698: 357: 1541:

under a previous (now dissolved) system but their names remain. Popular areas for grammar schools are

5646: 5576: 5549: 5219: 4910: 4727: 4722: 4404: 4072: 3887: 2059: 1995: 1987: 1854: 1749: 1666: 1448: 1120: 1095: 1000: 4900: 2954: 2921: 6169: 5754: 5663: 5626: 5610: 5571: 5373: 4961: 4920: 4658: 4638: 4573: 4487: 4420: 4378: 4338: 4293: 4158: 4060: 4026: 3857: 3657: 1931: 1865: 1838: 1815: 1035: 984:– were intended to be roughly equivalent to General and Credit Level Standard Grades respectively. 5722: 3070: 1779: 6139: 6099: 6079: 6059: 5962: 5697: 5368: 4633: 4248: 4031: 3944: 3934: 3815: 3760: 3162: 1979: 1964: 1908: 1881: 1059: 3136: 2648: 6249: 6074: 5744: 5336: 5204: 4522: 4313: 4097: 4009: 3967: 3795: 2675:"How was the curriculum developed: Process of change: Timeline About Curriculum for Excellence" 2007: 2003: 1991: 1960: 1877: 1508: 1452: 1421:, which are Capability Scotland: Corseford School, Capability Scotland: Stanmore House School, 1150: 1027:). There are also private schools across the country, although the distribution is uneven with 3644: 1951:

works to promote Scotland's universities, as well as six other higher education institutions.

1141:, having been commissioned by the Scottish Government to look at the broad general education. 263:

systems have emphasised greater depth of education over a smaller range of advanced subjects.

6254: 6154: 6149: 6124: 5982: 5781: 5651: 5493: 5331: 4976: 4695: 4610: 4582: 4558: 4323: 4258: 4038: 3989: 3842: 3830: 2941: 2751: 2605: 2134: 1983: 1948: 1873: 1607: 1422: 1365: 6239: 4492: 3486: 3301: 2636:

http://www.scis.org.uk/assets/files/2011%20Local%20Authority%20comparisons%20by%20region.pdf

2408: 2165: 2099: 1911:. University status in Scotland and throughout the United Kingdom today is conferred by the 6179: 6129: 6089: 6042: 6037: 6027: 6012: 6007: 6002: 5987: 5972: 5967: 5957: 5952: 5947: 5942: 5712: 5656: 5503: 5166: 5054: 4739: 4685: 4672: 4273: 4117: 4112: 3976: 3958: 3770: 3715: 2382: 1999: 1783: 1670: 1485: 368: 252: 3622:

The National Case Study: An Empirical Comparative Study of Twenty-One Educational Systems.

1849: 8: 6264: 6206: 6174: 6164: 6144: 6134: 6119: 6114: 6094: 6064: 6032: 6017: 5992: 5929: 5769: 5749: 5498: 5488: 5453: 5438: 5411: 5389: 5214: 5111: 4782: 4754: 4477: 4472: 4452: 4370: 4318: 4283: 4236: 4082: 4014: 3984: 3872: 3852: 3805: 3745: 3735: 3702: 3692: 3235: 1968: 1927: 1923: 1892: 1682: 1674: 1406: 1172: 1071: 1047: 247: 208: 59: 2634:

Scottish independent schools "Pupil Number Comparisons by Local Authority Area 2011/12"

2485: 1729:

in 2010, making international comparisons of literacy difficult. It remains part of the

1464: 6159: 6084: 6054: 5732: 5508: 5069: 4936: 4700: 4563: 4430: 4203: 4198: 4140: 4053: 3877: 3800: 3785: 3625: 2161: 2106: 1440: 1426: 1369: 1176: 1166: 1020: 376: 349: 256: 212: 55: 30: 3414: 865:

which also conducted a review of national standardised assessments in Scottish schools

694: 5737: 5727: 4791: 4744: 4539: 4502: 4497: 4482: 4462: 4288: 4193: 4183: 3892: 3867: 3862: 3188: 2782: 1896: 1796: 1694: 1619: 1546: 1410: 1075: 1039: 964: 353: 243: 5685: 5680: 5675: 5399: 5199: 4595: 4590: 4527: 4393: 4253: 4154: 2262: 1944: 1861: 1690: 1504: 1381: 239: 207:. Overall accountability and control of state–education in Scotland rests with the 204: 108: 3511: 3479: 2763: 2323: 178:#: 2004, All further and higher education institutions includes overseas students. 5866: 5301: 5282: 5235: 5209: 4796: 4620: 4600: 4218: 4102: 3462: 3075: 3035:"Exclusive: Education expert hits out at SNP's decision to scrap literacy survey" 2546: 2141: 1767: 1745: 1542: 1538: 1418: 1079: 1054:. Inspections and audits of educational standards are conducted by three bodies: 1004: 969: 858: 853: 705: 112: 2731: 652: 5842: 5443: 5272: 4605: 3006: 2305:"New figures show long-term education decline as Scotland falls behind England" 1822: 1686: 1635: 1595: 1579: 1476: 981: 977: 960: 720: 345: 200: 192: 116: 3606:"Schools for the 21st century: the national debate on education in Scotland." 6300: 5786: 5774: 5668: 5641: 4624: 4388: 4328: 4297: 4173: 3039: 2015: 1904: 1698: 1639: 1627: 1243: 196: 188: 71: 3560:"Tertiary educational attainment, age group 25–64 by sex and NUTS 2 regions" 547: 5764: 4383: 4333: 4278: 3847: 2559: 2212: 1939: 1934:) and financial support is provided for Scottish-domiciled students by the 1710: 1702: 1657: 1615: 1587: 1468: 701: 332: 328: 319: 199:. Mandatory education in Scotland begins for children in Primary 1 (P1) at 45: 4546: 3349: 5341: 1631: 1373: 1292: 1125:

recommendations were made regarding the level of bureaucracy attached to

610: 568: 4807: 3071:"Sturgeon fails in 'defining mission' to close education attainment gap" 5240: 3790: 2018:

criticised the Scottish system for failing to address student poverty.

1678: 1583: 1526:(colloquially abbreviated to "secondaries"). These are found mostly in 1329: 1067: 1008: 631: 589: 288: 5898: 5080: 379:

instead of (or alongside) Higher Grade and Advanced Higher exams. The

5433: 4127: 1623: 1516: 3649: 2065:

Association of Educational Development and Improvement Professionals

4437: 4208: 3680: 2078: 1660:

chairs a meeting of the International Council of Education Advisers

1603: 1568: 1218:

Cabinet Secretaries and Ministers overseeing Education in Scotland

176:‡: Expenditure on pre-school, primary and secondary education only. 1299: 3373: 3371: 3324:"Education and Training: Universities and Colleges: Universities" 2486:"Summary Statistics for Schools in Scotland, No.4 ¦ 2013 Edition" 1527: 1338: 284: 963:, but some schools offered Intermediates instead) in S3-S4, and 4534: 2764:"OECD passes judgement on Scotland's Curriculum for Excellence" 2064: 1978:, three Scottish universities are among the top 100 worldwide: 1564: 3368: 3267:. The Privy Council. 5 July 2005. pp. 5–6. Archived from 1388:

There are three broad classifications of schools in Scotland:

238:

Education in Scotland has a history of universal provision of

2324:"Pisa: Mixed report for Scottish education in world rankings" 1591: 1479:, carries the name College rather than High School or Academy 1472: 959:(SQA). Generally, most pupils take National 4/5s (previously 1614:

Other schools include The Community School of Auchterarder,

1488:

and non-selective. Amongst the state-run secondary schools:

1189:

Minister for Further Education, Higher Education and Science

1512: 1288:

Minister for Children, Young People and Keeping the Promise

973: 869:

All educational qualifications in Scotland are part of the

271: 2752:

https://education.gov.scot/media/uwmnyk0c/cfestatement.pdf

2190: 1409:. There is one mainstream Grant-Aided school in Scotland, 1807: 1108:

gave powers to teachers to remove unnecessary bureaucracy

3586:

Discourse: Studies in the cultural politics of education

1766:

Some schools in Scotland provide education given in the

375:

instead of National 4/5s (Standard Grades), and towards

3103:"Adult Literacies in Scotland 2020: Strategic guidance" 2974:"Schools: Pupil attainment: closing the gap - gov.scot" 2910:

Section 123 of the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973

2870:

List of Nobel laureates by secondary school affiliation

2805:"Cabinet Secretary for Education and Skills - gov.scot" 1899:. The minister responsible for higher education is the 1938:. Students ordinarily resident in Scotland do not pay 1571:

Islands. They cater for school children from P1 to S4.

1179:, an executive agency of the Scottish Government. The 1062:

in pre-school provision; Education Scotland (formerly

383:

has also been introduced in some independent schools.

1947:

studentship for a PhD). A representative body called

1825:

programmes, which are coordinated by the public body

887:

National Improvement Framework for Scottish Education

309: 6322:

Scottish Government Learning and Justice Directorate

3645:

Silicon Glen, Scotland – Intro to Scottish Education

3379:"Audit of higher education in Scottish universities" 3002:"What we know about Scottish pupils' literacy rates" 2409:"UKCISA – international student advice and guidance" 1372:

is the only school in Scotland to have educated two

968:

at school for the final year (S6), more Highers and

335:

with pupils at Avenue End Primary Campus in Glasgow.

3539:"Scotland 'most highly educated country in Europe'" 3487:"Scottish Government – Graduate endowment scrapped" 2780: 2701:"SNP and Tories back John Swinney's school reforms" 2357:"Scotland 'most highly educated country in Europe'" 2100:"Expenditure on School Education in Scotland, 2006" 1821:Further education colleges also provide support to 1755: 1455:) where fees can be paid by the Scottish Ministers. 291:, with roughly 40% of Scots aged 16–64 educated to 2920:Bharkada, Bhavina; Long, Robert (7 October 2021). 1451:, receives Aided Places (similar to the abolished 2732:"Why Scotland doesn't have a national curriculum" 2558:Scotland, National Standardised Assessments for. 1967:. 16,000 students were studying in Scotland with 1086:(QAA Scotland) responsible for higher education. 848: 314: 6298: 2560:"National Standardised Assessments for Scotland" 2213:"National Standardised Assessments for Scotland" 1990:(at 97). Other high ranked universities are the 1727:Progress in International Reading Literacy Study 3187:(Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2005), 2882:"Scotland's top school for nobel prize winners" 2423: 363:A small number of students at certain private, 3262:"The Privy Council, Standard Note: SN/PC/3708" 3206:"UHI is awarded taught degree awarding powers" 2070:List of further education colleges in Scotland 1792:List of further education colleges in Scotland 1731:Programme for International Student Assessment 1417:. The remaining seven Grant-Aided schools are 1011:. State schools are owned and operated by the 976:) in S6 can be taken. Previous qualifications 268:Programme for International Student Assessment 5914: 5459:Scottish Council for Development and Industry 5096: 4823: 3665: 3298:Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education 3294:"Degree-awarding powers and university title" 2756: 1917:Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education 1563:. These schools are found exclusively in the 1084:Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education 5469:Advisory Council for Economic Transformation 3232:"Cabinet Secretary for Education and Skills" 2922:"Constituency casework: schools in Scotland" 2919: 1955:was a six per cent reduction since 2010/11. 871:Scottish Credit and Qualifications Framework 327:, Education and Lifelong Learning Secretary 5405:Government Expenditure and Revenue Scotland 4957:Scottish Children's Reporter Administration 2968: 2966: 2964: 2155:"Statistical Bulletin – Educational Series" 1507:. There are also three Royal Academies, in 1082:education; with the Scottish office of the 1034:Qualifications at the secondary school and 211:, and is overseen by its executive agency, 5921: 5907: 5545:Adam Smith School of Economics and Finance 5103: 5089: 4830: 4816: 3672: 3658: 2858:"Early learning and childcare inspections" 2844:"Early learning and childcare inspections" 2401: 2031:and above. Based on the original data for 1901:Cabinet Secretary for Education and Skills 1868:, which was founded in 1413. Three other " 1771:1985, to 2500 in the 2012–13 school year. 1725:The government withdrew Scotland from the 1238:Cabinet Secretary for Education and Skills 1181:Cabinet Secretary for Education and Skills 1160: 951:The vast majority of Scottish pupils take 233:Schools (Consultation) (Scotland) Act 2010 67:Cabinet Secretary for Education and Skills 5177:International Financial Services District 4837: 3326:. The Scottish Government. 16 July 2014. 3109:. Scottish Government. 21 December 2010. 2995: 2993: 2991: 2385:. Scottish Government. 19 December 2013. 1325:Minister for Higher and Further Education 895:improvement and performance information. 6317:Public bodies of the Scottish Government 3552: 3064: 3062: 2961: 2466: 2464: 2462: 2321: 1848: 1778: 1752:; through a music service or privately. 1716: 1649: 1537:. Most of these schools were defined as 1463: 1425:, East Park School, Harmeny School, the 1364: 1291: 1242: 1210: 1099: 852: 693: 318: 5928: 5693:Water supply and sanitation in Scotland 5565:University of Edinburgh Business School 5555:Glasgow School for Business and Society 5110: 4942:Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Education 3632:Higher Education in Scotland and the UK 3316: 3300:(QAA). 29 November 2012. Archived from 3161:. Universities Scotland. Archived from 3151: 2984:from the original on 12 September 2017. 2824: 2822: 2815:from the original on 12 September 2017. 2491:. Scottish Government. 11 February 2014 2419:from the original on 11 September 2012. 2285: 2283: 2075:Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Education 2050:List of independent schools in Scotland 1886:University of the Highlands and Islands 1445:Scottish Council of Independent Schools 1431:Scottish Council of Independent Schools 1274:Named Person and Looked After policies 1193:Minister for Employability and Training 1064:Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Education 225:Scottish Council of Independent Schools 14: 6299: 3068: 2988: 2879: 2729: 2592:"National Improvement Framework (NIF)" 2578:"National Improvement Framework (NIF)" 1185:Minister for Childcare and Early Years 1144: 1089: 689: 5902: 5417:Committees of the Scottish Parliament 5084: 4952:General Teaching Council for Scotland 4811: 3679: 3653: 3413:. The Open University. Archived from 3391:from the original on 19 November 2016 3356:from the original on 11 February 2010 3059: 3032: 2999: 2649:"About: People: Learning Directorate" 2521:from the original on 25 February 2021 2459: 1272:Behaviour and anti-bullying measures 1112:Unlike England's nationally followed 5883: 4000:Keeper of the Great Seal of Scotland 2830:"Quality framework for ELC services" 2819: 2781:Scottish Government (1 April 2003). 2677:. Education Scotland. Archived from 2557: 2375: 2280: 2135:Scottish Budget Spending Review 20§§ 2055:Home education in the United Kingdom 1774: 1638:and Wester Hailes Education Centre, 1360: 1264:School Infrastructures and Staffing 643:Year 11 & 12 (Lower Sixth Form) 3634:(Edinburgh University Press, 2015). 3536: 3437:"QS World University Rankings 2019" 3330:from the original on 30 August 2014 3286: 2892:from the original on 18 August 2019 2880:Little, Margaret (29 August 2011). 2655:from the original on 26 August 2014 2389:from the original on 19 August 2014 2354: 2263:"Local Authorities :: Connect" 1832: 1762:Gaelic medium education in Scotland 1380:Secondary education is provided by 953:Scottish Qualifications Certificate 664:Year 12 & 13 (Upper Sixth Form) 195:schools and by individuals through 24: 4972:Student Awards Agency for Scotland 3591:Clark, Margaret, and Pamela Munn. 3578: 3512:"MSPs vote to scrap endowment fee" 3242:from the original on 27 March 2021 3208:. Highland Council. 26 June 2008. 3135:. Bord na Gaidhlig. Archived from 2793:from the original on 21 July 2015. 2540:Education Scotland, Home Education 2315: 2164:. 28 February 2006. Archived from 2116:from the original on 27 March 2009 1936:Student Awards Agency for Scotland 1740: 1630:; North Walls Community School on 879:Scottish Vocational Qualifications 310:Provision of education in Scotland 25: 6333: 5422:Finance and Public Administration 5322:Department for Business and Trade 5317:Competition and Markets Authority 4967:Scottish Qualifications Authority 4426:Scottish Qualifications Authority 4163:Office of the Accountant of Court 4088:Member of the Scottish Parliament 3638: 3411:"The Open University in Scotland" 3212:from the original on 14 July 2014 3113:from the original on 24 June 2021 3083:from the original on 24 June 2021 3047:from the original on 24 June 2021 3014:from the original on 24 June 2021 2928:from the original on 10 July 2021 2711:from the original on 28 June 2017 2616:from the original on 17 July 2018 2606:"National 5 Courses (Excel file)" 2291:"Local authority role and duties" 2238:"Local authority role and duties" 1799:is provided through a network of 1044:Scottish Qualifications Authority 957:Scottish Qualifications Authority 875:Scottish Qualifications Authority 836: 5882: 5873: 5872: 5860: 5364:Office for Budget Responsibility 3443:from the original on 8 June 2018 2431:"Choosing a state-funded school" 2363:from the original on 7 June 2014 1845:List of Universities in Scotland 1786:gives HNC and vocational courses 1756:Scottish Gaelic medium education 1459: 1337: 1317:Protection of Vulnerable Groups 1298: 1253: 1149:The majority of schools are non- 997:ancient universities of Scotland 331:and Schools and Skills Minister 323:Pupils and Early Years Minister 305:History of education in Scotland 203:and ends in Fourth Year (S4) at 44: 5288:Governor of the Bank of England 3530: 3504: 3455: 3429: 3403: 3342: 3254: 3224: 3198: 3177: 3125: 3095: 3026: 2913: 2904: 2873: 2864: 2850: 2836: 2797: 2774: 2745: 2723: 2693: 2667: 2641: 2628: 2598: 2584: 2570: 2564:standardisedassessment.gov.scot 2551: 2533: 2503: 2478: 2348: 2334: 2217:standardisedassessment.gov.scot 1415:Jordanhill College of Education 1137:A review was undertaken by the 955:qualifications provided by the 50:Logo of the Scottish Government 6312:Secondary education by country 5604:Scottish Trades Union Congress 4947:Learning and Teaching Scotland 3069:Dickie, Muir (27 April 2021). 2730:McIvor, Jamie (10 July 2013). 2297: 2255: 2230: 2205: 2183: 2147: 2128: 2092: 2024:Office for National Statistics 1922:All Scottish universities are 1025:Learning and Teaching Scotland 892:National Improvement Framework 863:National Improvement Framework 849:Qualifications and assessments 315:Stages of compulsory education 281:Office for National Statistics 13: 1: 5395:Cabinet Secretary for Finance 5129:Economy of the United Kingdom 5029:Private (independent) schools 3595:(Taylor & Francis, 1998) 3000:Seith, Emma (30 April 2019). 2085: 1884:, date from before 1600. The 1645: 1155:Education (Scotland) Act 1918 899:Progression in Qualifications 58:, an executive agency of the 5464:Council of Economic Advisers 3776:Colonisation of the Americas 3608:Research Papers in Education 3133:"Our Work: Gaelic education" 3033:Green, Chris (12 May 2021). 2783:"Frequently Asked Questions" 2383:"Frequently Asked Questions" 2322:BBC News (3 December 2019). 1976:QS World University Rankings 1915:which takes advice from the 1812:Higher National Certificates 1042:) level are provided by the 396:Age at start of school year 7: 5560:Strathclyde Business School 5347:Chancellor of the Exchequer 5327:Financial Conduct Authority 2440:. June 2004. Archived from 2045:List of schools in Scotland 2038: 1943:funding can be found (e.g. 1827:Skills Development Scotland 861:with pupils, launching the 680:Year 13 (Upper Sixth Form) 381:International Baccalaureate 10: 6338: 5019:Further education colleges 4448:Inventions and discoveries 4151:Supreme Courts of Scotland 2511:"Early years practitioner" 1842: 1836: 1801:further education colleges 1789: 1759: 1622:; The Nicolson Institute, 1447:. One independent school, 1443:. Most are members of the 1319:Social Services Workforce 1164: 1093: 747:Early Years Practitioners 399:Age at end of school year 302: 298: 28: 6278: 6230: 6192: 5936: 5856: 5800: 5647:Energy policy of Scotland 5619: 5550:Edinburgh Business School 5517: 5481: 5382: 5374:UK Trade & Investment 5359:Monetary Policy Committee 5265: 5258: 5228: 5220:List of banks in Scotland 5192: 5185: 5159: 5138: 5118: 5047: 5006: 4985: 4929: 4893: 4847: 4776: 4723:Scottish Episcopal Church 4671: 4619: 4581: 4572: 4405:Curriculum for Excellence 4369: 4365: 4356: 4244: 4235: 4126: 3975: 3966: 3957: 3838: 3829: 3701: 3688: 2638:accessed 21 February 2012 2060:Music schools in Scotland 1996:University of Strathclyde 1988:University of St. Andrews 1855:Queen Margaret University 1667:Curriculum for Excellence 1217: 1132:Curriculum for Excellence 1127:Curriculum for Excellence 1121:Curriculum for Excellence 1106:Curriculum for Excellence 1096:Curriculum for Excellence 175: 167: 159: 151: 143: 138: 130: 122: 104: 99: 91: 83: 79:National education budget 78: 65: 54: 43: 5750:Housing and construction 4962:Scottish Funding Council 4159:High Court of Justiciary 1932:Scottish Funding Council 1839:Universities in Scotland 1816:Higher National Diplomas 1262:Quality and Improvement 1232:Areas of Responsibility 29:Not to be confused with 5369:UK Statistics Authority 4733:Free Church of Scotland 4020:International relations 3350:"Universities Scotland" 3185:Modern Scottish Culture 2651:. Scottish Government. 2515:www.myworldofwork.co.uk 2140:30 October 2012 at the 1980:University of Edinburgh 1965:Higher National Diploma 1909:Scottish National Party 1895:under the terms of the 1305:Adoption and fostering 1266:Educational Attainment 1161:Governance and scrutiny 5978:Bosnia and Herzegovina 5723:Science and technology 5352:Debt Management Office 5337:HM Revenue and Customs 5246:Other commercial banks 5205:Royal Bank of Scotland 4314:Royal Bank of Scotland 4010:Great Seal of Scotland 3610:19.4 (2004): 433–452. 2949:Cite journal requires 2545:1 October 2014 at the 2033:EU statistical regions 2008:University of Stirling 2004:Heriot-Watt University 1992:University of Aberdeen 1961:international students 1857: 1787: 1661: 1509:Irvine, North Ayrshire 1480: 1453:Assisted Places Scheme 1449:St Mary's Music School 1399:in England and Wales). 1377: 1315:Looked After Children 1278:Early Years Education 1109: 866: 708: 704:visits a classroom at 336: 6307:Education in Scotland 5652:Local Energy Scotland 5151:State-owned companies 5024:Gaelic-medium schools 4977:Universities Scotland 4840:Education in Scotland 4611:British Sign Language 4078:Members of Parliament 4005:Deputy First Minister 3843:Anglo-Scottish border 3811:Industrial Revolution 3593:Education in Scotland 3588:31.3 (2010): 335–350. 2144:, Scottish Government 1984:University of Glasgow 1949:Universities Scotland 1853:The Main Building of 1852: 1782: 1750:Scottish Music school 1737:literacy practices". 1717:Literacy and numeracy 1655:Deputy First Minister 1653: 1608:Dumfries and Galloway 1467: 1413:, formerly linked to 1368: 1211:Ministers responsible 1165:Further information: 1103: 1017:Education Authorities 992:Scottish universities 856: 697: 322: 185:Education in Scotland 39:Education in Scotland 5930:Education in Europe 5831:Full fiscal autonomy 5657:Wave Energy Scotland 4554:World Heritage Sites 3751:Wars of Independence 2000:University of Dundee 1870:ancient universities 1784:Forth Valley College 1671:Glasgow City Council 1393:State-funded schools 1280:Children's Services 1270:Teaching profession 1052:Learning Directorate 750:pupil:teacher ratio 683:Year 14 (Upper 6th) 667:Year 13 (Lower 6th) 223:are overseen by the 131:Compulsory education 6193:States with limited 5867:Scotland portal 5827:Economic proposals 5454:Scottish Enterprise 5439:Scottish devolution 5412:Scottish Parliament 5390:Scottish Government 5215:Banking and finance 5112:Economy of Scotland 4344:International trade 3898:Mountains and hills 3806:Highland Clearances 3781:Glorious Revolution 3746:Davidian Revolution 3693:Outline of Scotland 3537:ITV (5 June 2014). 3274:on 27 December 2011 3236:Scottish Government 2770:. 15 December 2015. 2517:. 13 January 2016. 2355:ITV (5 June 2014). 2109:. 19 January 2006. 1969:The Open University 1928:Scottish Government 1924:public universities 1893:Scottish Government 1683:West Dunbartonshire 1675:Dundee City Council 1600:St Joseph's College 1561:Junior High Schools 1545:, East Lothian and 1437:Independent schools 1403:Grant-Aided schools 1282:Children's hearing 1173:Scottish Government 1145:Religion in schools 1115:National Curriculum 1090:National Curriculum 1048:Scottish Parliament 690:Access to education 646:Year 12 (5th Year) 625:Year 11 (4th Year) 604:Year 10 (3rd Year) 270:coordinated by the 248:Scottish Parliament 209:Scottish Government 60:Scottish Government 40: 4937:Education Scotland 4880:Nineteenth century 4875:Eighteenth century 4701:Church of Scotland 4493:Royal National Mòd 4431:Education Scotland 4204:Scots property law 4199:College of Justice 4108:Secretary of State 3930:Biosphere reserves 3801:Lowland Clearances 3786:1707 Acts of Union 3518:. 28 February 2008 2242:education.gov.scot 2162:Scottish Executive 2107:Scottish Executive 1926:and funded by the 1858: 1788: 1662: 1499:131 are nominally 1492:188 are nominally 1481: 1441:Education Scotland 1427:Royal Blind School 1423:Donaldson's School 1407:Scottish Ministers 1378: 1370:Kilmarnock Academy 1344:Further education 1313:Children's Rights 1177:Education Scotland 1167:Education Scotland 1110: 1021:Education Scotland 873:, ranging between 867: 709: 583:Year 9 (2nd Year) 562:Year 8 (1st Year) 402:England and Wales 371:and study towards 350:Intermediate exams 337: 213:Education Scotland 95:£3,855 (2004–2005) 56:Education Scotland 38: 31:Education Scotland 18:Scottish education 6294: 6293: 5896: 5895: 5836:Full independence 5807:Economic impacts 5541:Business schools 5477: 5476: 5383:Scotland-specific 5254: 5253: 5146:List of companies 5078: 5077: 4885:Twentieth century 4805: 4804: 4772: 4771: 4768: 4767: 4760:Ethnic minorities 4718:Roman Catholicism 4667: 4666: 4352: 4351: 4231: 4230: 4227: 4226: 4214:Prison population 4194:Sheriff principal 4189:Solicitor General 4184:Procurator fiscal 4093:Political parties 3953: 3952: 3731:Early Middle Ages 3630:Riddell, Sheila. 3616:Passow, A. Harry 3304:on 10 August 2014 2681:on 26 August 2014 2413:www.ukcisa.org.uk 1905:Jenny Gilruth MSP 1897:Scotland Act 1998 1797:Further education 1775:Further education 1695:North Lanarkshire 1620:Perth and Kinross 1547:South Lanarkshire 1533:14 are nominally 1524:Secondary Schools 1522:15 are nominally 1411:Jordanhill School 1382:secondary schools 1361:Secondary schools 1358: 1357: 1311:Child Protection 1260:School Standards 1200:Care Inspectorate 1130:been attached to 1056:Care Inspectorate 1040:further education 1013:local authorities 949: 948: 834: 833: 687: 686: 550:) (S= Secondary) 427:P1 (P = Primary) 405:Northern Ireland 244:Scotland Act 1998 217:Care Inspectorate 182: 181: 139:Enrollment (2005) 105:Primary languages 16:(Redirected from 6329: 6231:Dependencies and 5937:Sovereign states 5923: 5916: 5909: 5900: 5899: 5886: 5885: 5876: 5875: 5865: 5864: 5863: 5637:Renewable energy 5400:Revenue Scotland 5297:UK-wide Taxation 5263: 5262: 5200:Bank of Scotland 5190: 5189: 5105: 5098: 5091: 5082: 5081: 5060:Northern Ireland 5048:Related articles 4841: 4832: 4825: 4818: 4809: 4808: 4785: 4706:General Assembly 4596:Scottish English 4591:Highland English 4579: 4578: 4468:Oldest buildings 4367: 4366: 4363: 4362: 4309:Renewable energy 4254:Bank of Scotland 4242: 4241: 4155:Court of Session 4136:Advocate General 4066:Military history 4044:Local government 3973: 3972: 3964: 3963: 3836: 3835: 3756:Late Middle Ages 3741:High Middle Ages 3674: 3667: 3660: 3651: 3650: 3572: 3571: 3569: 3567: 3562:. Eurostat. 2014 3556: 3550: 3549: 3547: 3545: 3534: 3528: 3527: 3525: 3523: 3508: 3502: 3501: 3499: 3497: 3483: 3477: 3476: 3474: 3472: 3467: 3459: 3453: 3452: 3450: 3448: 3433: 3427: 3426: 3424: 3422: 3407: 3401: 3400: 3398: 3396: 3390: 3383: 3375: 3366: 3365: 3363: 3361: 3346: 3340: 3339: 3337: 3335: 3320: 3314: 3313: 3311: 3309: 3290: 3284: 3283: 3281: 3279: 3273: 3266: 3258: 3252: 3251: 3249: 3247: 3228: 3222: 3221: 3219: 3217: 3202: 3196: 3181: 3175: 3174: 3172: 3170: 3155: 3149: 3148: 3146: 3144: 3139:on 12 April 2015 3129: 3123: 3122: 3120: 3118: 3099: 3093: 3092: 3090: 3088: 3066: 3057: 3056: 3054: 3052: 3030: 3024: 3023: 3021: 3019: 2997: 2986: 2985: 2970: 2959: 2958: 2952: 2947: 2945: 2937: 2935: 2933: 2917: 2911: 2908: 2902: 2901: 2899: 2897: 2877: 2871: 2868: 2862: 2861: 2854: 2848: 2847: 2840: 2834: 2833: 2826: 2817: 2816: 2801: 2795: 2794: 2778: 2772: 2771: 2760: 2754: 2749: 2743: 2742: 2740: 2738: 2727: 2721: 2720: 2718: 2716: 2705:www.scotsman.com 2697: 2691: 2690: 2688: 2686: 2671: 2665: 2664: 2662: 2660: 2645: 2639: 2632: 2626: 2625: 2623: 2621: 2602: 2596: 2595: 2588: 2582: 2581: 2574: 2568: 2567: 2555: 2549: 2537: 2531: 2530: 2528: 2526: 2507: 2501: 2500: 2498: 2496: 2490: 2482: 2476: 2475: 2468: 2457: 2456: 2454: 2452: 2446: 2435: 2427: 2421: 2420: 2405: 2399: 2398: 2396: 2394: 2379: 2373: 2372: 2370: 2368: 2352: 2346: 2345: 2338: 2332: 2331: 2319: 2313: 2312: 2301: 2295: 2294: 2287: 2278: 2277: 2275: 2273: 2259: 2253: 2252: 2250: 2248: 2234: 2228: 2227: 2225: 2223: 2209: 2203: 2202: 2200: 2198: 2187: 2181: 2180: 2178: 2176: 2171:on 25 March 2013 2170: 2159: 2151: 2145: 2132: 2126: 2125: 2123: 2121: 2115: 2104: 2096: 1945:research council 1864:. The oldest is 1862:academic degrees 1833:Higher education 1691:Clackmannanshire 1578:. These include 1505:Banchory Academy 1354:Widening access 1350:Student Funding 1341: 1334: 1302: 1257: 1250: 1215: 1214: 970:Advanced Highers 945:Advanced Higher 903: 902: 877:qualifications, 733: 732: 622:Year 10 & 11 390: 389: 240:public education 205:secondary school 48: 41: 37: 21: 6337: 6336: 6332: 6331: 6330: 6328: 6327: 6326: 6297: 6296: 6295: 6290: 6274: 6232: 6226: 6212:Northern Cyprus 6194: 6188: 6110:North Macedonia 5932: 5927: 5897: 5892: 5861: 5859: 5852: 5796: 5615: 5587:UK Minimum wage 5582:UK equality law 5519: 5513: 5473: 5449:Auditor General 5378: 5302:Barnett formula 5283:Bank of England 5250: 5236:Bank of England 5224: 5210:Clydesdale Bank 5181: 5155: 5134: 5133: 5114: 5109: 5079: 5074: 5043: 5002: 4986:Language medium 4981: 4925: 4889: 4843: 4839: 4836: 4806: 4801: 4788: 4781: 4764: 4663: 4615: 4601:Scottish Gaelic 4568: 4473:Performing arts 4348: 4223: 4219:Police Scotland 4122: 4103:Scotland Office 3949: 3910:Protected areas 3825: 3697: 3684: 3678: 3641: 3581: 3579:Further reading 3576: 3575: 3565: 3563: 3558: 3557: 3553: 3543: 3541: 3535: 3531: 3521: 3519: 3510: 3509: 3505: 3495: 3493: 3491:Scotland.gov.uk 3485: 3484: 3480: 3470: 3468: 3465: 3461: 3460: 3456: 3446: 3444: 3435: 3434: 3430: 3420: 3418: 3417:on 5 April 2010 3409: 3408: 3404: 3394: 3392: 3388: 3381: 3377: 3376: 3369: 3359: 3357: 3348: 3347: 3343: 3333: 3331: 3322: 3321: 3317: 3307: 3305: 3292: 3291: 3287: 3277: 3275: 3271: 3264: 3260: 3259: 3255: 3245: 3243: 3230: 3229: 3225: 3215: 3213: 3204: 3203: 3199: 3182: 3178: 3168: 3166: 3165:on 23 July 2011 3157: 3156: 3152: 3142: 3140: 3131: 3130: 3126: 3116: 3114: 3101: 3100: 3096: 3086: 3084: 3076:Financial Times 3067: 3060: 3050: 3048: 3031: 3027: 3017: 3015: 2998: 2989: 2972: 2971: 2962: 2950: 2948: 2939: 2938: 2931: 2929: 2918: 2914: 2909: 2905: 2895: 2893: 2878: 2874: 2869: 2865: 2856: 2855: 2851: 2842: 2841: 2837: 2828: 2827: 2820: 2803: 2802: 2798: 2779: 2775: 2762: 2761: 2757: 2750: 2746: 2736: 2734: 2728: 2724: 2714: 2712: 2699: 2698: 2694: 2684: 2682: 2673: 2672: 2668: 2658: 2656: 2647: 2646: 2642: 2633: 2629: 2619: 2617: 2604: 2603: 2599: 2590: 2589: 2585: 2576: 2575: 2571: 2556: 2552: 2547:Wayback Machine 2538: 2534: 2524: 2522: 2509: 2508: 2504: 2494: 2492: 2488: 2484: 2483: 2479: 2470: 2469: 2460: 2450: 2448: 2444: 2438:British Council 2433: 2429: 2428: 2424: 2407: 2406: 2402: 2392: 2390: 2381: 2380: 2376: 2366: 2364: 2353: 2349: 2340: 2339: 2335: 2320: 2316: 2303: 2302: 2298: 2289: 2288: 2281: 2271: 2269: 2261: 2260: 2256: 2246: 2244: 2236: 2235: 2231: 2221: 2219: 2211: 2210: 2206: 2196: 2194: 2189: 2188: 2184: 2174: 2172: 2168: 2157: 2153: 2152: 2148: 2142:Wayback Machine 2133: 2129: 2119: 2117: 2113: 2102: 2098: 2097: 2093: 2088: 2041: 1847: 1841: 1835: 1794: 1777: 1768:Scottish Gaelic 1764: 1758: 1746:Music education 1743: 1741:Music education 1719: 1648: 1543:Argyll and Bute 1539:grammar schools 1535:Grammar Schools 1462: 1419:special schools 1363: 1353: 1351: 1349: 1347: 1345: 1332: 1318: 1316: 1314: 1312: 1310: 1308: 1306: 1281: 1279: 1277: 1275: 1273: 1271: 1269: 1268:Qualifications 1267: 1265: 1263: 1261: 1246: 1240: 1213: 1169: 1163: 1147: 1098: 1092: 961:Standard Grades 859:Nicola Sturgeon 857:First Minister 851: 839: 706:Turriff Academy 692: 601:Year 9 & 10 377:A and AS-Levels 367:may follow the 365:private schools 358:Advanced Higher 317: 312: 307: 301: 221:private schools 187:is provided in 177: 113:Scottish Gaelic 100:General details 49: 34: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6335: 6325: 6324: 6319: 6314: 6309: 6292: 6291: 6289: 6288: 6286:European Union 6282: 6280: 6279:Other entities 6276: 6275: 6273: 6272: 6267: 6262: 6257: 6252: 6247: 6242: 6236: 6234: 6233:other entities 6228: 6227: 6225: 6224: 6219: 6214: 6209: 6204: 6198: 6196: 6190: 6189: 6187: 6185:United Kingdom 6182: 6177: 6172: 6167: 6162: 6157: 6152: 6147: 6142: 6137: 6132: 6127: 6122: 6117: 6112: 6107: 6102: 6097: 6092: 6087: 6082: 6077: 6072: 6067: 6062: 6057: 6052: 6050: 6045: 6040: 6035: 6030: 6025: 6020: 6015: 6010: 6005: 6000: 5998:Czech Republic 5995: 5990: 5985: 5980: 5975: 5970: 5965: 5960: 5955: 5950: 5945: 5940: 5938: 5934: 5933: 5926: 5925: 5918: 5911: 5903: 5894: 5893: 5891: 5890: 5880: 5857: 5854: 5853: 5851: 5850: 5845: 5843:Union dividend 5840: 5839: 5838: 5833: 5825: 5824: 5823: 5818: 5813: 5804: 5802: 5798: 5797: 5795: 5794: 5792:Space industry 5789: 5784: 5779: 5778: 5777: 5767: 5762: 5757: 5752: 5747: 5742: 5741: 5740: 5735: 5725: 5720: 5715: 5710: 5705: 5700: 5695: 5690: 5689: 5688: 5683: 5676:Food and drink 5673: 5672: 5671: 5661: 5660: 5659: 5654: 5649: 5644: 5634: 5629: 5623: 5621: 5617: 5616: 5614: 5613: 5608: 5607: 5606: 5596: 5591: 5590: 5589: 5584: 5574: 5569: 5568: 5567: 5562: 5557: 5552: 5547: 5539: 5534: 5532:Businesspeople 5529: 5523: 5521: 5515: 5514: 5512: 5511: 5506: 5501: 5496: 5491: 5485: 5483: 5479: 5478: 5475: 5474: 5472: 5471: 5466: 5461: 5456: 5451: 5446: 5444:Audit Scotland 5441: 5436: 5431: 5430: 5429: 5424: 5419: 5409: 5408: 5407: 5402: 5397: 5386: 5384: 5380: 5379: 5377: 5376: 5371: 5366: 5361: 5356: 5355: 5354: 5349: 5339: 5334: 5329: 5324: 5319: 5314: 5309: 5304: 5299: 5294: 5293: 5292: 5291: 5290: 5280: 5269: 5267: 5260: 5256: 5255: 5252: 5251: 5249: 5248: 5243: 5238: 5232: 5230: 5226: 5225: 5223: 5222: 5217: 5212: 5207: 5202: 5196: 5194: 5187: 5183: 5182: 5180: 5179: 5174: 5172:Business rates 5169: 5163: 5161: 5157: 5156: 5154: 5153: 5148: 5142: 5140: 5136: 5135: 5132: 5131: 5126: 5120: 5119: 5116: 5115: 5108: 5107: 5100: 5093: 5085: 5076: 5075: 5073: 5072: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5051: 5049: 5045: 5044: 5042: 5041: 5036: 5031: 5026: 5021: 5016: 5010: 5008: 5004: 5003: 5001: 5000: 4995: 4989: 4987: 4983: 4982: 4980: 4979: 4974: 4969: 4964: 4959: 4954: 4949: 4944: 4939: 4933: 4931: 4927: 4926: 4924: 4923: 4918: 4913: 4908: 4903: 4897: 4895: 4891: 4890: 4888: 4887: 4882: 4877: 4872: 4867: 4862: 4857: 4851: 4849: 4845: 4844: 4835: 4834: 4827: 4820: 4812: 4803: 4802: 4800: 4799: 4794: 4787: 4786: 4778: 4777: 4774: 4773: 4770: 4769: 4766: 4765: 4763: 4762: 4757: 4752: 4747: 4742: 4737: 4736: 4735: 4730: 4725: 4720: 4715: 4714: 4713: 4708: 4698: 4688: 4683: 4677: 4675: 4669: 4668: 4665: 4664: 4662: 4661: 4656: 4651: 4646: 4641: 4636: 4630: 4628: 4617: 4616: 4614: 4613: 4608: 4603: 4598: 4593: 4587: 4585: 4576: 4570: 4569: 4567: 4566: 4561: 4556: 4551: 4550: 4549: 4544: 4543: 4542: 4532: 4531: 4530: 4520: 4515: 4505: 4500: 4495: 4490: 4485: 4480: 4475: 4470: 4465: 4460: 4455: 4450: 4445: 4440: 4435: 4434: 4433: 4428: 4423: 4418: 4413: 4408: 4396: 4391: 4386: 4381: 4375: 4373: 4360: 4354: 4353: 4350: 4349: 4347: 4346: 4341: 4336: 4331: 4326: 4321: 4316: 4311: 4306: 4304:Power stations 4301: 4291: 4286: 4281: 4276: 4271: 4266: 4261: 4256: 4251: 4245: 4239: 4233: 4232: 4229: 4228: 4225: 4224: 4222: 4221: 4216: 4211: 4206: 4201: 4196: 4191: 4186: 4181: 4179:Lord President 4176: 4171: 4166: 4148: 4138: 4132: 4130: 4124: 4123: 4121: 4120: 4115: 4110: 4105: 4100: 4095: 4090: 4085: 4080: 4075: 4070: 4069: 4068: 4058: 4057: 4056: 4051: 4041: 4036: 4035: 4034: 4024: 4023: 4022: 4012: 4007: 4002: 3997: 3995:First Minister 3992: 3987: 3981: 3979: 3970: 3961: 3955: 3954: 3951: 3950: 3948: 3947: 3942: 3940:Municipalities 3937: 3932: 3927: 3922: 3917: 3912: 3907: 3906: 3905: 3895: 3890: 3885: 3880: 3875: 3870: 3865: 3860: 3855: 3850: 3845: 3839: 3833: 3827: 3826: 3824: 3823: 3818: 3813: 3808: 3803: 3798: 3793: 3788: 3783: 3778: 3773: 3768: 3763: 3758: 3753: 3748: 3743: 3738: 3733: 3728: 3723: 3718: 3713: 3707: 3705: 3699: 3698: 3696: 3695: 3689: 3686: 3685: 3683: articles 3677: 3676: 3669: 3662: 3654: 3648: 3647: 3640: 3639:External links 3637: 3636: 3635: 3628: 3614: 3602:Munn, Pamela, 3600: 3589: 3580: 3577: 3574: 3573: 3551: 3529: 3503: 3478: 3463:"Introduction" 3454: 3428: 3402: 3367: 3341: 3315: 3285: 3253: 3223: 3197: 3176: 3150: 3124: 3094: 3058: 3025: 2987: 2960: 2951:|journal= 2912: 2903: 2872: 2863: 2849: 2835: 2818: 2796: 2773: 2755: 2744: 2722: 2692: 2666: 2640: 2627: 2597: 2583: 2569: 2550: 2532: 2502: 2477: 2458: 2422: 2400: 2374: 2347: 2344:. 9 July 2021. 2333: 2314: 2296: 2279: 2254: 2229: 2204: 2182: 2146: 2127: 2090: 2089: 2087: 2084: 2083: 2082: 2072: 2067: 2062: 2057: 2052: 2047: 2040: 2037: 1837:Main article: 1834: 1831: 1823:apprenticeship 1790:Main article: 1776: 1773: 1760:Main article: 1757: 1754: 1742: 1739: 1718: 1715: 1687:North Ayrshire 1647: 1644: 1636:Orkney Islands 1612: 1611: 1596:South Ayrshire 1580:Madras College 1572: 1557: 1552:13 are simply 1550: 1531: 1520: 1497: 1477:South Ayrshire 1461: 1458: 1457: 1456: 1434: 1400: 1362: 1359: 1356: 1355: 1352:STEM Subjects 1342: 1335: 1327: 1321: 1320: 1303: 1296: 1290: 1284: 1283: 1258: 1251: 1241: 1234: 1233: 1230: 1227: 1224: 1220: 1219: 1212: 1209: 1162: 1159: 1151:denominational 1146: 1143: 1094:Main article: 1091: 1088: 1060:care standards 1036:post-secondary 1001:Master of Arts 982:Intermediate 2 978:Intermediate 1 947: 946: 943: 940: 936: 935: 932: 929: 925: 924: 921: 918: 914: 913: 910: 907: 850: 847: 842:Home education 838: 837:Home education 835: 832: 831: 828: 825: 822: 819: 816: 812: 811: 808: 805: 802: 799: 796: 792: 791: 788: 785: 782: 779: 776: 772: 771: 768: 765: 762: 759: 756: 752: 751: 748: 745: 742: 739: 736: 721:catchment area 699:First Minister 691: 688: 685: 684: 681: 678: 675: 672: 669: 668: 665: 662: 659: 656: 648: 647: 644: 641: 638: 635: 627: 626: 623: 620: 617: 614: 606: 605: 602: 599: 596: 593: 585: 584: 581: 580:Year 8 & 9 578: 575: 572: 564: 563: 560: 559:Year 7 & 8 557: 554: 551: 543: 542: 539: 538:Year 6 & 7 536: 533: 530: 526: 525: 522: 519: 516: 513: 509: 508: 505: 502: 499: 496: 492: 491: 488: 485: 482: 479: 475: 474: 471: 468: 465: 462: 458: 457: 454: 451: 448: 445: 441: 440: 437: 434: 431: 428: 424: 423: 420: 417: 414: 411: 407: 406: 403: 400: 397: 394: 369:English system 346:Standard Grade 316: 313: 311: 308: 303:Main article: 300: 297: 287:, Ireland and 261:Northern Irish 201:primary school 180: 179: 173: 172: 169: 168:Post secondary 165: 164: 161: 157: 156: 153: 149: 148: 145: 141: 140: 136: 135: 132: 128: 127: 124: 120: 119: 106: 102: 101: 97: 96: 93: 89: 88: 85: 81: 80: 76: 75: 69: 63: 62: 52: 51: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6334: 6323: 6320: 6318: 6315: 6313: 6310: 6308: 6305: 6304: 6302: 6287: 6284: 6283: 6281: 6277: 6271: 6268: 6266: 6263: 6261: 6258: 6256: 6253: 6251: 6248: 6246: 6245:Faroe Islands 6243: 6241: 6238: 6237: 6235: 6229: 6223: 6220: 6218: 6217:South Ossetia 6215: 6213: 6210: 6208: 6205: 6203: 6200: 6199: 6197: 6191: 6186: 6183: 6181: 6178: 6176: 6173: 6171: 6168: 6166: 6163: 6161: 6158: 6156: 6153: 6151: 6148: 6146: 6143: 6141: 6138: 6136: 6133: 6131: 6128: 6126: 6123: 6121: 6118: 6116: 6113: 6111: 6108: 6106: 6103: 6101: 6098: 6096: 6093: 6091: 6088: 6086: 6083: 6081: 6078: 6076: 6073: 6071: 6070:Liechtenstein 6068: 6066: 6063: 6061: 6058: 6056: 6053: 6051: 6049: 6046: 6044: 6041: 6039: 6036: 6034: 6031: 6029: 6026: 6024: 6021: 6019: 6016: 6014: 6011: 6009: 6006: 6004: 6001: 5999: 5996: 5994: 5991: 5989: 5986: 5984: 5981: 5979: 5976: 5974: 5971: 5969: 5966: 5964: 5961: 5959: 5956: 5954: 5951: 5949: 5946: 5944: 5941: 5939: 5935: 5931: 5924: 5919: 5917: 5912: 5910: 5905: 5904: 5901: 5889: 5881: 5879: 5871: 5870: 5869: 5868: 5855: 5849: 5846: 5844: 5841: 5837: 5834: 5832: 5829: 5828: 5826: 5822: 5819: 5817: 5814: 5812: 5809: 5808: 5806: 5805: 5803: 5799: 5793: 5790: 5788: 5787:Scotch whisky 5785: 5783: 5780: 5776: 5775:VisitScotland 5773: 5772: 5771: 5768: 5766: 5763: 5761: 5758: 5756: 5753: 5751: 5748: 5746: 5743: 5739: 5736: 5734: 5731: 5730: 5729: 5726: 5724: 5721: 5719: 5716: 5714: 5711: 5709: 5708:Manufacturing 5706: 5704: 5701: 5699: 5696: 5694: 5691: 5687: 5684: 5682: 5679: 5678: 5677: 5674: 5670: 5669:North Sea oil 5667: 5666: 5665: 5662: 5658: 5655: 5653: 5650: 5648: 5645: 5643: 5642:ScottishPower 5640: 5639: 5638: 5635: 5633: 5630: 5628: 5625: 5624: 5622: 5618: 5612: 5609: 5605: 5602: 5601: 5600: 5599:Trades unions 5597: 5595: 5592: 5588: 5585: 5583: 5580: 5579: 5578: 5577:UK Labour law 5575: 5573: 5570: 5566: 5563: 5561: 5558: 5556: 5553: 5551: 5548: 5546: 5543: 5542: 5540: 5538: 5535: 5533: 5530: 5528: 5525: 5524: 5522: 5516: 5510: 5507: 5505: 5502: 5500: 5497: 5495: 5492: 5490: 5487: 5486: 5484: 5480: 5470: 5467: 5465: 5462: 5460: 5457: 5455: 5452: 5450: 5447: 5445: 5442: 5440: 5437: 5435: 5432: 5428: 5425: 5423: 5420: 5418: 5415: 5414: 5413: 5410: 5406: 5403: 5401: 5398: 5396: 5393: 5392: 5391: 5388: 5387: 5385: 5381: 5375: 5372: 5370: 5367: 5365: 5362: 5360: 5357: 5353: 5350: 5348: 5345: 5344: 5343: 5340: 5338: 5335: 5333: 5330: 5328: 5325: 5323: 5320: 5318: 5315: 5313: 5310: 5308: 5305: 5303: 5300: 5298: 5295: 5289: 5286: 5285: 5284: 5281: 5279: 5276: 5275: 5274: 5271: 5270: 5268: 5264: 5261: 5257: 5247: 5244: 5242: 5239: 5237: 5234: 5233: 5231: 5227: 5221: 5218: 5216: 5213: 5211: 5208: 5206: 5203: 5201: 5198: 5197: 5195: 5191: 5188: 5184: 5178: 5175: 5173: 5170: 5168: 5165: 5164: 5162: 5158: 5152: 5149: 5147: 5144: 5143: 5141: 5137: 5130: 5127: 5125: 5122: 5121: 5117: 5113: 5106: 5101: 5099: 5094: 5092: 5087: 5086: 5083: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5058: 5056: 5053: 5052: 5050: 5046: 5040: 5037: 5035: 5034:State schools 5032: 5030: 5027: 5025: 5022: 5020: 5017: 5015: 5012: 5011: 5009: 5005: 4999: 4996: 4994: 4991: 4990: 4988: 4984: 4978: 4975: 4973: 4970: 4968: 4965: 4963: 4960: 4958: 4955: 4953: 4950: 4948: 4945: 4943: 4940: 4938: 4935: 4934: 4932: 4928: 4922: 4919: 4917: 4914: 4912: 4909: 4907: 4904: 4902: 4899: 4898: 4896: 4892: 4886: 4883: 4881: 4878: 4876: 4873: 4871: 4868: 4866: 4863: 4861: 4858: 4856: 4853: 4852: 4850: 4846: 4842: 4833: 4828: 4826: 4821: 4819: 4814: 4813: 4810: 4798: 4795: 4793: 4790: 4789: 4784: 4780: 4779: 4775: 4761: 4758: 4756: 4753: 4751: 4748: 4746: 4743: 4741: 4738: 4734: 4731: 4729: 4728:Baptist Union 4726: 4724: 4721: 4719: 4716: 4712: 4709: 4707: 4704: 4703: 4702: 4699: 4697: 4694: 4693: 4692: 4689: 4687: 4684: 4682: 4679: 4678: 4676: 4674: 4670: 4660: 4657: 4655: 4652: 4650: 4647: 4645: 4642: 4640: 4637: 4635: 4632: 4631: 4629: 4626: 4622: 4618: 4612: 4609: 4607: 4604: 4602: 4599: 4597: 4594: 4592: 4589: 4588: 4586: 4584: 4580: 4577: 4575: 4571: 4565: 4562: 4560: 4557: 4555: 4552: 4548: 4545: 4541: 4538: 4537: 4536: 4533: 4529: 4528:national flag 4526: 4525: 4524: 4521: 4519: 4516: 4514: 4511: 4510: 4509: 4506: 4504: 4501: 4499: 4496: 4494: 4491: 4489: 4486: 4484: 4481: 4479: 4476: 4474: 4471: 4469: 4466: 4464: 4461: 4459: 4456: 4454: 4451: 4449: 4446: 4444: 4441: 4439: 4436: 4432: 4429: 4427: 4424: 4422: 4419: 4417: 4414: 4412: 4409: 4407: 4406: 4402: 4401: 4400: 4397: 4395: 4392: 4390: 4387: 4385: 4382: 4380: 4377: 4376: 4374: 4372: 4368: 4364: 4361: 4359: 4355: 4345: 4342: 4340: 4337: 4335: 4332: 4330: 4327: 4325: 4322: 4320: 4317: 4315: 4312: 4310: 4307: 4305: 4302: 4299: 4298:North Sea oil 4295: 4292: 4290: 4287: 4285: 4282: 4280: 4277: 4275: 4272: 4270: 4267: 4265: 4262: 4260: 4257: 4255: 4252: 4250: 4247: 4246: 4243: 4240: 4238: 4234: 4220: 4217: 4215: 4212: 4210: 4207: 4205: 4202: 4200: 4197: 4195: 4192: 4190: 4187: 4185: 4182: 4180: 4177: 4175: 4174:Lord Advocate 4172: 4170: 4167: 4164: 4160: 4156: 4152: 4149: 4146: 4142: 4139: 4137: 4134: 4133: 4131: 4129: 4125: 4119: 4116: 4114: 4111: 4109: 4106: 4104: 4101: 4099: 4098:Republicanism 4096: 4094: 4091: 4089: 4086: 4084: 4081: 4079: 4076: 4074: 4071: 4067: 4064: 4063: 4062: 4059: 4055: 4052: 4050: 4047: 4046: 4045: 4042: 4040: 4037: 4033: 4030: 4029: 4028: 4025: 4021: 4018: 4017: 4016: 4013: 4011: 4008: 4006: 4003: 4001: 3998: 3996: 3993: 3991: 3988: 3986: 3983: 3982: 3980: 3978: 3974: 3971: 3969: 3965: 3962: 3960: 3956: 3946: 3943: 3941: 3938: 3936: 3933: 3931: 3928: 3926: 3923: 3921: 3918: 3916: 3913: 3911: 3908: 3904: 3901: 3900: 3899: 3896: 3894: 3891: 3889: 3886: 3884: 3881: 3879: 3876: 3874: 3871: 3869: 3866: 3864: 3861: 3859: 3856: 3854: 3851: 3849: 3846: 3844: 3841: 3840: 3837: 3834: 3832: 3828: 3822: 3819: 3817: 3814: 3812: 3809: 3807: 3804: 3802: 3799: 3797: 3796:Enlightenment 3794: 3792: 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