668:
1019:
734:
820:
580:
74:
5001:
4938:
1180:
4977:
4950:
1194:
5013:
4989:
1104:, where the relic is placed in the Immaculate Conception (placed in 1720). The second is Nováky, which they had in the church of St. Nicholas and the rare statue of Saint Valentine, which was stolen in the 90s (according to one saved original part of the statue – the head, a new copy was created, which was ceremoniously placed in the church in 2000.
1958:
In the year 269 AD, Valentine was sentenced to a three-part execution of a beating, stoning, and finally decapitation all because of his stand for
Christian marriage. The story goes that the last words he wrote were in a note to Asterius' daughter. He inspired today's romantic missives by signing it,
720:
for couples, allowing the husbands involved to escape conscription into the Roman army. This legend claims that soldiers were sparse at this time so this was a great inconvenience to the emperor. The account mentions that in order "to remind these men of their vows and God’s love, Saint
Valentine is
701:
of St
Valentine states that he was executed for refusing to deny Christ by the order of the "Emperor Claudius" in the year 269. Before his head was cut off, this Valentine restored sight and hearing to the daughter of his jailer. Jacobus makes a play with the etymology of "Valentine", "as containing
1445:
A book in the church is filled with countless wishes addressed to the patron saint of lovers, while a steady stream of locals and visitors alike pray here for help in their amorous quests. 'God has someone in mind for me, and I obviously haven't met him yet. So I just hope that Saint
Valentine will
514:
Though the extant accounts of the martyrdoms of the first two listed saints are of a late date and contain legendary elements, "a common nucleus of fact" may underlie the two accounts and they may refer to "a single person". According to the official biography of the
Diocese of Terni, Bishop
515:
Valentine was born and lived in
Interamna and while on a temporary stay in Rome he was imprisoned, tortured, and martyred there on February 14, 269. His body was hastily buried at a nearby cemetery and a few nights later his disciples retrieved his body and returned him home.
1071:. The relics and the accompanying letter from Cardinal Odescalchi have remained in the church ever since. The remains, which include "a small vessel tinged with his blood", were sent as a token of esteem following an eloquent sermon Fr Spratt had delivered in Rome.
454:, and authorising liturgical veneration of him on February 14 in any place where that day is not devoted to some other obligatory celebration, in accordance with the rule that on such a day the Mass may be that of any saint listed in the Martyrology for that day.
535:. About eleven other saints with the name Valentine are commemorated in the Catholic Church. Some Eastern Churches of the Western rite may provide still other different lists of Saint Valentines. The Roman martyrology lists only seven who died on days
782:
on top of his sepulchre, in the Via
Flaminia. This church was really named after a 4th-century tribune called Valentino, who donated the land on which it is built. It hosted the martyr's relics until the 13th century, when they were transferred to
1904:
Valentine placed his hands over her eyes, prayed to God, and Julia was able to see. Asterius, in awe of
Valentine's power, converted to Christianity, along with 46 members of his family. He then also freed all Christians who were confined in his
709:(1493). Alongside a woodcut portrait of Valentine, the text states that he was a Roman priest of exceptional learning who converted the daughter of Asterius and forty-nine others to Christianity before being martyred during the reign of
478:, which may have been compiled originally between 460 and 544 from earlier local sources, but the entry may be much later. The widespread modern legend that the feast of St. Valentine on February 14 was first established in 496 by
1063:, also houses some relics of St Valentine. On 27 December 1835 the Very Reverend Father John Spratt, Master of Sacred Theology to the Carmelite order in Dublin, was sent the partial remains of St Valentine by Cardinal
977:
and set in the fictional context of an old tradition, did not exist before
Chaucer. He argues that the speculative explanation of sentimental customs, posing as historical fact, had their origins among 18th-century
622:. The judge put Valentinus to the test and brought to him the judge's adopted blind daughter. If Valentinus succeeded in restoring the girl's sight, Asterius would do whatever he asked. Valentinus, praying to God,
1005:
During the Middle Ages, it was believed that birds paired in mid-February. This was then associated with the romance of
Valentine. Although these legends differ, Valentine's Day is widely recognised as a day for
1406:
It remained an important pilgrim site throughout the Middle Ages until the relics of St. Valentine were transferred to the church of Santa Prassede (Itinerary 3) during the pontificate of Nicholas IV (1288–92).
679:
An embellishment to this account states that before his execution, Saint Valentine wrote a note to Asterius's daughter signed "from your Valentine", which is said to have "inspired today's romantic missives".
1978:, are illusions in pursuit of a literary phantom: "No evidence outside several late saints' legends suggests that Claudius II reversed the policy of toleration established by the policy of his predecessor
1468:
When Father John Spratt, an Irish Carmelite returned to his parish in Dublin from preaching in a Jesuit church in Gesu, Italy, he brought the sacred relics of Saint Valentine, given to him by Pope Gregory
660:. Claudius refused and condemned Valentinus to death, commanding that Valentinus either renounce his faith or he would be beaten with clubs and beheaded. Valentinus refused and was executed outside the
472:, although the patron of the Chronography's compilation was a wealthy Roman Christian named Valentinus. There is a reference to his feast day on 14 February in one of the 9th century copies of the
2485:
2799:
1432:
1108:
1738:
444:, leaving his liturgical celebration to local calendars, though use of the pre-1970 liturgical calendar is also authorised under the conditions indicated in the motu proprio
1446:
assist me, that I will find him,' said one female visitor. Another added: 'We just prayed to find the right one, and I believe I will be led to him when the time is right.'
482:, who included Valentine among all those "... whose names are justly reverenced among men, but whose acts are known only to God" is in fact based upon a statement in the
393:, Ireland, a popular place of pilgrimage, especially on Saint Valentine's Day, for those seeking love. At least two different Saint Valentines are mentioned in the early
2763:
2772:
1795:
886:
within another celebration. The 1969 revision of the General Roman Calendar removed this mention, leaving it for inclusion only in local calendars such as that of
405:, "abstracts of the acts of the two saints were in nearly every church and monastery of Europe", according to Professor Jack B. Oruch of the University of Kansas.
2676:
2099:
1365:
567:(October 25); Valentine Berrio Ochoa, martyred in 1861 (November 24); and Valentine Jaunzarás Gómez, martyred in 1936 (September 18). It also lists a virgin,
618:. While under house arrest of Judge Asterius, and discussing his faith with him, Valentinus (the Latin version of his name) was discussing the validity of
5083:
2481:
940:, noting the obscurity of Saint Valentine's identity, suggested that Saint Valentine's Day was created as an attempt to supersede the pagan holiday of
2162:
2187:
1970:
Under the circumstances, Emperor Claudius was a detail meant to enhance verisimilitude. Attempts to identify him with the only 3rd-century Claudius,
1542:
1222:
808:
Saint Valentine of Rome was martyred on February 14 in AD 269. The Feast of Saint Valentine, also known as Saint Valentine's Day, was established by
507:
outside Rome, at different distances from the city. The third was said to be a saint who suffered on the same day with a number of companions in the
499:
sources speak of three Saints Valentine that appear in connection with February 14. One was a Roman priest, another the bishop of Interamna (modern
524:, the Catholic Church's official list of recognised saints, for February 14 gives only one Saint Valentine: a martyr who died on the Via Flaminia.
3822:
3852:
1078:
to the Shrine of St. Valentine in Whitefriar Street Carmelite Church in Dublin, which is said to house relics of Saint Valentine of Rome; they
1212:
851:
on February 14. The Church of England had him in its pre-Reformation calendars, and restored his mention as bishop and martyr in its 1661–62
722:
716:
There are many other legends behind Saint Valentine. One is that the priest Valentine defied the order of the emperor and secretly performed
672:
347:
2459:
2778:
1800:
1422:
875:
373:, which "remained an important pilgrim site throughout the Middle Ages until the relics of St. Valentine were transferred to the church of
1626:
4910:
2282:
667:
2663:
1082:
at the shrine in hope of finding romance. There lies a book in which foreigners and locals have written their prayer requests for love.
1053:). The relics have been displayed publicly since 1984, in a foundation open to the public at all times in order to help people in need.
1090:
2525:
2874:
2827:
1850:
929:
named Valentinos (male) or Valentina (female) may observe their name day on the Western ecclesiastical calendar date of February 14.
633:
around the judge's house should be broken, and that the judge should fast for three days and then undergo the Christian sacrament of
2593:
1153:
697:, gives sufficient details of the saints for each day of the liturgical year to inspire a homily on each occasion. The very brief
2507:
1686:
2794:
2638:
2209:
5053:
1250:
840:
4814:
2296:
2265:
949:
1805:
3022:
990:, and have been perpetuated even by respectable modern scholars. In the French 14th-century manuscript illumination from a
922:
433:
2539:
2195:
1550:
1164:, Scotland. There is also a gold reliquary bearing the words "Corpus St. Valentin, M" (Body of St. Valentine, Martyr) at
956:. Many of the current legends that characterize Saint Valentine were invented in the 14th century in England, notably by
914:
421:
2409:
450:
of 2007. The Catholic Church continues to recognise him as a saint, listing him as such in the February 14 entry in the
3727:
2845:
1141:
1056:
944:(mid-February in Rome). This idea has lately been dismissed by academics and researchers, such as Jack B. Oruch of the
824:
386:
2443:
2146:
2121:
2034:
1589:
1526:
1476:
1399:
1347:
1018:
2734:
2553:
1643:
5043:
4686:
3857:
4917:
3449:
1953:
339:
36:
4779:
3967:
2922:
2820:
836:
3534:
1313:
623:
5068:
5058:
5048:
2892:
2026:
717:
474:
5038:
4967:
4681:
3902:
848:
657:
366:
1880:
Palacios-Sánchez, Leonardo; Díaz-Galindo, Luisa María; Botero-Meneses, Juan Sebastián (October 2017).
770:
made up a legend about Saint Valentine's Basilica being dedicated to Saint Valentine in Rome. A later
629:
Immediately humbled, the judge asked Valentinus what he should do. Valentinus replied that all of the
5073:
5063:
3937:
3747:
3707:
1739:"'…whose names are justly reverenced among men, but whose acts are known only to God' – a fake quote"
1049:, who entrusted them to the Order of Poor Clerics Regular of the Mother of God of the Pious Schools (
656:(Claudius II) himself. Claudius took a liking to him until Valentinus tried to convince Claudius to
5078:
4543:
3802:
3469:
3251:
3135:
3115:
3055:
2813:
1227:
803:
359:
1700:
592:
4676:
4015:
3985:
3376:
3150:
2940:
2836:
2575:
2467:
1035:
1027:
918:
883:
508:
417:
382:
759:
to Saint Valentine in countries such as Italy. Saint Valentine was venerated no more than other
4942:
3807:
3752:
3454:
3095:
3060:
3037:
2945:
2854:
2417:
1618:
871:
441:
29:
25:
1280:
Palacios-Sánchez, Leonardo; Díaz-Galindo, Luisa María; Botero-Meneses, Juan Sebastián (2017).
606:
A common hagiography describes Saint Valentine as a priest of Rome or as the former Bishop of
4885:
4849:
4671:
4611:
4000:
3882:
3792:
3649:
3619:
3554:
3494:
3464:
3100:
3045:
2887:
2255:
2236:
1579:
1467:
1460:
926:
853:
749:
491:
4789:
4734:
4729:
3732:
3654:
3634:
3569:
3539:
3361:
3316:
3291:
3246:
3208:
3173:
3110:
3070:
2970:
2462:
Shrine of St Valentine, Whitefriar Street Church, Irish Province of the Order of Carmelites
1721:"XVI kalendas Martii Interamnae Via Flaminia miliario ab Urbe Roma LXIII natale Valentini."
1075:
945:
43:
4764:
4744:
4010:
3659:
2858:
1854:
1207:
861:
celebrate his feast. The Catholic Church includes him in its official list of saints, the
8:
5033:
5005:
4839:
4719:
4561:
3827:
3712:
3692:
3629:
3589:
3559:
3509:
3489:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3386:
3256:
3130:
3027:
3018:
2965:
2657:
2068:
As Thurston has noted, no English church is known to have been dedicated to St. Valentine
2007:
1990:
1427:
1185:
973:
907:
756:
706:
690:
544:
468:
446:
429:
47:
4819:
3737:
1930:
925:
it observes the feast of the Hieromartyr Valentine, Bishop of Interamna. Members of the
733:
4880:
4875:
4824:
4749:
4104:
3952:
3842:
3797:
3787:
3717:
3702:
3599:
3584:
3579:
3514:
3479:
3474:
3371:
3321:
3296:
3261:
3226:
3105:
2995:
2985:
2930:
2897:
2802:– actually an extract from the Acts of Marius, Martha, Audifax and Habbakuk (BHL 5543).
2652:
2421:
2392:
2384:
2349:
2341:
2288:
1165:
1045:, where they have lain since the late 1700s. They were a present from the Pope to King
953:
858:
409:
315:
246:
164:
149:
21:
3366:
4905:
4890:
4859:
4854:
4799:
4774:
4739:
4566:
4328:
4158:
4128:
3977:
3962:
3922:
3847:
3812:
3639:
3549:
3484:
3346:
3341:
3326:
3301:
3276:
3241:
3198:
3090:
3075:
2902:
2439:
2396:
2353:
2292:
2261:
2213:
2142:
2117:
2030:
1971:
1673:
1585:
1546:
1522:
1472:
1395:
1343:
899:
863:
844:
741:
710:
661:
653:
520:
451:
307:
229:
153:
4020:
3772:
1258:
4993:
4709:
4621:
4503:
4493:
4378:
4373:
4293:
4288:
4228:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4183:
4173:
4148:
4123:
4078:
3867:
3862:
3837:
3817:
3697:
3682:
3674:
3624:
3614:
3574:
3406:
3391:
3356:
3331:
3266:
2990:
2975:
2960:
2955:
2376:
2333:
1893:
1832:
1293:
1137:
1100:
Saint Valentine's relics can also be found in Slovakia in two cities. The first is
1079:
1064:
968:
967:
Oruch charges that the traditions associated with "Valentine's Day", documented in
957:
813:
760:
694:
600:
378:
311:
283:
84:
78:
Saint Valentine healing epilepsy, illustrated by Dr. František Ehrmann, circa 1899.
3381:
2611:
1366:"Did Pope Gelasius create St Valentine's Day as a replacement for the Lupercalia?"
1107:
A silver reliquary containing a fragment of St. Valentine's skull is found in the
1034:
The flower-crowned alleged skull of St. Valentine is exhibited in the Basilica of
998:), Saint Valentine, bishop of Terni, oversees the construction of his basilica at
599:
The inconsistency in the identification of the saint is replicated in the various
4900:
4759:
4646:
4631:
4528:
4488:
4473:
4453:
4398:
4323:
4313:
4283:
4273:
4208:
4178:
4138:
4133:
3877:
3832:
3777:
3664:
3609:
3499:
3351:
3236:
3163:
3085:
3050:
2950:
2759:
1766:(Paris 1953, pp. 268–269; Agostino S. Amore, "S. Valentino di Roma o di Terni?",
809:
791:
568:
483:
479:
437:
176:
145:
3872:
2805:
1898:
1881:
1298:
1281:
1074:
On Saint Valentine's Day in Ireland, many individuals who seek true love make a
4922:
4895:
4701:
4616:
4556:
4498:
4483:
4468:
4448:
4443:
4403:
4393:
4303:
4278:
4263:
4248:
4243:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4153:
4035:
4005:
3990:
3947:
3917:
3892:
3762:
3722:
3687:
3564:
3544:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3439:
3336:
3281:
3216:
3168:
3080:
2907:
2631:
Ex Actibus Sanctorum Novembris, Tomi II, pars prior. Bruxellis. lxxxii, 195 p.
1949:
1007:
960:
and his circle, when the feast day of February 14 first became associated with
784:
532:
486:
which mentions St George but not St Valentine, and is not in fact by Gelasius.
374:
291:
262:
4724:
2367:
Oruch, Jack B. (July 1981). "St. Valentine, Chaucer, and Spring in February".
2324:
Oruch, Jack B. (July 1981). "St. Valentine, Chaucer, and Spring in February".
1581:
New Book of Festivals and Commemorations: A Proposed Common Calendar of Saints
1495:
641:
inmates under his authority. The judge, his family, and his forty-four member
563:, where he died in 475 (January 7); a 5th-century priest and hermit (July 4);
5027:
4981:
4954:
4844:
4829:
4809:
4754:
4714:
4518:
4513:
4463:
4458:
4388:
4368:
4333:
4298:
4268:
4238:
4233:
4163:
4058:
4030:
3995:
3927:
3907:
3188:
3183:
3065:
2862:
2784:
2707:
Kellogg, Alfred (1972). "Chaucer's St. Valentine: A Conjecture." In Kellogg,
2072:
I should add that we have no record of a large number of churches in England.
1217:
1199:
961:
937:
879:
775:
685:
637:. The judge obeyed and, as a result of his fasting and prayer, freed all the
564:
394:
2311:
Jack Oruch identified the inception of this possible connection in Butler's
725:, a possible origin of the widespread use of hearts on St. Valentine's Day.
5017:
4834:
4533:
4523:
4508:
4438:
4413:
4348:
4308:
4258:
4168:
4083:
3887:
3767:
3742:
3311:
3120:
2912:
2850:
2438:. Budapest & New York: Central European University Press. p. 172.
2420:
by Richard de Montbaston and collaborators, was among the manuscripts that
1982:", Jack Oruch states, in "St. Valentine, Chaucer, and Spring in February",
983:
933:
903:
895:
504:
355:
343:
323:
319:
303:
237:
213:
113:
1879:
1279:
898:
and is thus observed also by those who, in the circumstances indicated in
4794:
4641:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4408:
4358:
4353:
4343:
4318:
4253:
4143:
3942:
3932:
3912:
3782:
3757:
3286:
3193:
2980:
2561:
2237:"Greek name days of the year 2015 – month of celebration : February"
1647:
1392:
The churches and catacombs of early Christian Rome: a comprehensive guide
1068:
819:
556:
496:
425:
413:
157:
134:
109:
2436:
Patrick Leigh Fermor: Noble Encounters Between Budapest and Transylvania
1723:
In J. B. de Rossi, p. 20 (XVI KL. MAR.). See also M. Schoepflin, p. 40:
1094:
579:
338:. Saint Valentine was a clergyman – either a priest or a
4804:
4478:
4363:
4338:
4188:
4025:
3306:
2508:"Radio Praha – Ostatky sv.Valentýna jsou uloženy na pražském Vyšehradě"
2388:
2345:
1810:
English version, written probably after examining all previous sources.
941:
649:
638:
335:
250:
242:
2795:
St Valentine of Terni – English translation of his "Passio" (BHL 8460)
1112:
1002:; there is no suggestion here that the bishop was a patron of lovers.
671:
Saint Valentine is said to have ministered to the faithful amidst the
4784:
4691:
4383:
4045:
3897:
3140:
3005:
2882:
2800:
St Valentine of Rome – English translation of his "Passio" (BHL 8465)
2731:. Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2001, p. 141 (February 14). 773 p.
1979:
1518:
1339:
1046:
979:
790:
Saint Valentine's Church in Rome, built in 1960 for the needs of the
642:
73:
2629:
Martyrologium Hieronymianum: ad fidem codicum adiectis prolegomenis.
2380:
2337:
1101:
381:". His skull, crowned with flowers, is exhibited in the Basilica of
4937:
4769:
4606:
4586:
3644:
3594:
3396:
3125:
2935:
1975:
1119:
1050:
630:
584:
331:
266:
254:
209:
201:
5000:
4661:
4636:
4581:
4098:
4063:
3504:
3459:
3221:
3158:
3013:
2742:
Oruch, Jack B. "St. Valentine, Chaucer, and Spring in February",
2482:"Love-seekers show up at St. Valentine's resting place in Dublin"
1974:, who spent his brief reign (268–270) away from Rome winning his
1179:
1161:
1157:
634:
540:
424:; in addition, the Eastern Orthodox Church observes the feast of
205:
193:
2656:
1644:"Coptic Orthodox Church – From Where Valentine's Day Comes From"
4666:
4601:
4591:
4576:
4551:
3604:
3231:
2627:
Johannes Baptista de Rossi et Ludovicus Duchesne, ed., (1894).
2023:
Heroes and Saints: More Stories of People Who Made a Difference
1145:
1130:
1123:
1086:
1060:
1042:
887:
828:
745:
693:, compiled in about 1260 and one of the most-read books of the
611:
552:
548:
463:
390:
351:
270:
217:
189:
88:
2284:
Secreted Desires: The Major Uranians: Hopkins, Pater and Wilde
721:
said to have cut hearts from parchment", giving them to these
4656:
4651:
4626:
4596:
4571:
4088:
4073:
4068:
3178:
2866:
1149:
1136:
Alleged relics of St. Valentine also lie at the reliquary of
1023:
999:
891:
619:
615:
607:
588:
560:
500:
462:
Saint Valentine does not occur in the earliest list of Roman
327:
299:
221:
197:
105:
60:
2754:
San Valentino di Terni : storia, tradizione, devozione.
1515:
Patrons and Patron Saints in Early Modern English Literature
1041:
St. Valentine's remains are deposited in St Anton's Church,
705:
A popularly ascribed hagiographical identity appears in the
571:, who was martyred in 308 (July 25) in Caesarea, Palestine.
4115:
4093:
4053:
3271:
812:
in AD 496 to be celebrated on February 14 in honour of the
370:
362:(Saint Valentine's Day) since at least the eighth century.
258:
185:
181:
130:
2526:"Ostatky sv. Valentína sú uložené v Immaculate na Hlavnej"
1701:"The Chronography of 354 in "Early Church Fathers" online"
583:
Saint Valentine of Terni oversees the construction of his
225:
1868:
Martyrologium Romanum (Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2001.
2594:"The Holy Relics of St. Valentine Lie on Lesbos Island"
2241:Εορτολόγιο Ελληνικών Ονομάτων – Orthodox Greek Namedays
728:
169:
February 14 (Catholic, Anglican and Lutheran Churches)
2695:
Hagiographie: Ses sources, ses méthodes, son histoire.
2673:
Le chiese di Roma nel medio evo: cataloghi ed appunti.
2280:
1764:
Hagiographie: Ses sources, ses méthodes, son histoire,
648:
Valentinus was later arrested again for continuing to
4965:
794:, continues as a modern, well-visited parish church.
652:. He was sent to the prefect of Rome, to the emperor
645:
of adult family members and servants were baptised.
1175:
1168:, UK, in one of the side altars in the main church.
2612:"Savona: Guida ed Informazioni per visitare Savona"
2317:
Illustrations of Shakespeare, and of Ancient Manner
1851:"Latin saints of the Orthodox Patriarchate of Rome"
2253:
2130:
1573:
1571:
1459:
626:on her eyes and the child's vision was restored.
2835:
2667:. Vol. 27 (11th ed.). pp. 850–851.
1423:"Irish priests keep a candle for Saint Valentine"
774:repeated the legend and added the adornment that
5025:
2474:
2043:
1882:"Saint Valentine: Patron of lovers and epilepsy"
1613:
1611:
2014:
1870:Index, p. 768; Saint Valentina okay finep. 390.
1638:
1636:
1568:
358:on February 14, which has been observed as the
2752:Schoepflin, Maurizio and Seren, Linda (2000).
2540:"Kúsok z tela svätého Valentína je v Novákoch"
2433:
2136:
1013:
2821:
1995:Martyrdom and Persecution in the Early Church
1608:
1563:February 14 Valentine, Martyr at Rome, c. 269
1282:"Saint Valentine: Patron of sex and epilepsy"
1213:Persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire
921:celebrates the Roman presbyter Valentine; on
673:persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire
2690:Vol. II, pp. 214–217. New York. 409 pp.
1941:
1633:
1416:
1414:
1329:
1327:
835:February 14 is Saint Valentine's Day in the
574:
2081:
2079:
2020:
1577:
1506:
1314:"St. Valentine: Patron Saint of Beekeepers"
1133:, in the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta.
1129:Another set of relics can also be found in
555:, and later hermit in Zenoburg, near Mais,
531:(worthy, strong, powerful), was popular in
5084:Christian martyrs executed by decapitation
2828:
2814:
2105:
1677:, Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2001, p. 141
1549:(Anglican Communion). 2012. Archived from
1490:
1488:
894:. His commemoration was still in the 1962
2704:, Antonianum 41 (1966), pp. 260–277.
2554:"Chełmno – miasto zabytków i zakochanych"
2247:
1897:
1783:Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church
1663:Libreria Editrice Vaticana (1969), p. 117
1411:
1324:
1297:
1218:Saint Fructus, 8th-century Spanish martyr
778:(357–352) had built the ancient basilica
744:, 1600s) – Valentine kneels to receive a
591:, from a 14th-century French manuscript (
2723:Chaucer and the cult of Saint Valentine.
2651:
2576:"Skull bits of St. Valentine in Chelmno"
2076:
1947:
1535:
1244:
1242:
1017:
818:
797:
732:
666:
578:
318:has been associated with a tradition of
2291:Press. p. footnote 2 in page 235.
2257:Chaucer and the Cult of Saint Valentine
2141:. Shree Publishers & Distributors.
2137:Chanchreek, K. L.; Jain, M. K. (2007).
2064:Chaucer and the Cult of Saint Valentine
1687:General Instruction of the Roman Missal
1512:
1496:"Cathholic Encyclopedia: St. Valentine"
1485:
1383:
408:Saint Valentine is commemorated in the
35:For other uses of "San Valentino", see
5026:
2738:. Scotsman.com blog, 14 February 2005.
2488:from the original on February 14, 2017
2111:
2088:
1948:Kithcart, David (September 25, 2013).
1736:
1629:from the original on January 16, 2013.
1420:
1394:. Sussex Academic Press. p. 254.
1363:
1333:
1109:parish church of St. Mary's Assumption
565:a Spanish hermit who died in about 715
2809:
2366:
2323:
1457:
1435:from the original on February 7, 2018
1239:
1223:Saint Valentine, patron saint archive
950:University of California, Los Angeles
738:St Valentine Kneeling in Supplication
367:Church and Catacombs of San Valentino
171:July 6 and July 30 (Eastern Orthodox)
2789:. The Catholic Encyclopedia, Vol. 15
1989:.3 (July 1981), p. 536, referencing
1421:Hecker, Jurgen (February 11, 2010).
1389:
1026:of Saint Valentine in the church of
787:, and the ancient basilica decayed.
729:Churches named after Saint Valentine
2484:. IrishCentral. February 10, 2017.
2070:(Thurston, Butler's Lives, 2:217).
1364:Pearse, Roger (February 21, 2020).
1085:Another relic was found in 2003 in
527:The name "Valentine", derived from
385:, Rome. Other relics of him are in
13:
3728:Forty Martyrs of England and Wales
2846:Dicastery for the Causes of Saints
2212:. October 16, 2013. Archived from
1737:Pearse, Roger (January 17, 2024).
1698:
1091:Basilica of St. Peter and St. Paul
1057:Whitefriar Street Carmelite Church
932:English 18th-century antiquarians
882:reduced all such feasts to just a
825:Whitefriar Street Carmelite Church
766:A 5th- or 6th-century work called
387:Whitefriar Street Carmelite Church
127: 269 (aged 42–43)
14:
5095:
2424:bequeathed to the King of France.
1248:
511:, of whom nothing else is known.
457:
16:3rd-century Roman Christian saint
5011:
4999:
4987:
4975:
4948:
4936:
4815:María de las Maravillas de Jesús
4672:Seven Maccabees and their mother
3858:Martyrs of the Spanish Civil War
2702:S. Valentino di Roma o di Terni?
2234:
2139:Encyclopaedia of Great Festivals
1886:Repertorio de Medicina y Cirugía
1286:Repertorio de Medicina y Cirugía
1192:
1178:
870:Saint Valentine was also in the
539:than February 14: a priest from
72:
2725:Leiden, the Netherlands. 185 p.
2621:
2604:
2586:
2568:
2546:
2532:
2518:
2500:
2452:
2427:
2403:
2360:
2305:
2281:Michael Matthew Kaylor (2006).
2274:
2228:
2202:
2180:
2155:
2056:
2051:The Valentine & Its Origins
2000:
1964:
1950:"St. Valentine, the Real Story"
1923:
1910:
1873:
1861:
1843:
1825:
1813:
1788:
1776:
1756:
1730:
1714:
1692:
1680:
1666:
1654:
1578:Pfatteicher, Philip H. (2008).
1154:Blessed John Duns Scotus Church
1142:St. Stephen's Cathedral, Vienna
823:A shrine of Saint Valentine in
503:, Italy) both buried along the
365:Relics of him were kept in the
2749:(July 1981), pp. 534–565.
2194:. May 31, 2018. Archived from
1584:. Fortress Press. p. 86.
1451:
1357:
1306:
1273:
952:and Michael Matthew Kaylor of
37:San Valentino (disambiguation)
1:
5054:3rd-century Christian martyrs
4780:Faustina and Liberata of Como
3968:Zanitas and Lazarus of Persia
3913:Teresa Benedicta of the Cross
2837:Saints of the Catholic Church
2764:"Saint Valentine's Message".
2192:the Church of England website
2053:, 1969, Frederick A. Praeger.
1067:, under the auspices of Pope
547:, papal missionary bishop to
123:
98:
24:. For the Canadian city, see
2721:Kelly, Henry Ansgar (1986).
2434:O'Sullivan, Michael (2018).
2114:Butler's Lives of the saints
2096:Chiese di Roma nel Medio Evo
2021:Christensen, Max L. (1997).
1118:Relics can also be found in
948:, Henry Ansgar Kelly of the
857:, and most provinces of the
7:
2641:The Life of Saint Valentine
2412:, Mss fr. 185. The book of
2254:Henry Ansgar Kelly (1986).
2027:Westminster John Knox Press
1899:10.1016/j.reper.2017.08.004
1299:10.1016/j.reper.2017.08.004
1171:
1014:Associated Christian relics
837:Lutheran calendar of saints
475:Martyrologium Hieronymianum
354:and his body buried on the
228:; priest giving sight to a
208:nearby; bishop refusing to
204:at his feet; bishop with a
10:
5100:
4943:Catholic Church portal
3903:Saints of the Cristero War
2785:Thurston, Herbert (2015).
2774:Saint Valentine: Biography
2736:In Search of St. Valentine
2709:Chaucer, Langland, Arthur.
2682:Thurston, Herbert (1933).
2671:Hülsen, Christian (1927).
1820:Martyrologium Romanum 2001
1796:"San Valentino: Biografia"
1336:Dictionary of Christianity
801:
603:that are ascribed to him.
440:removed his name from the
377:during the pontificate of
302:, commemorated in Western
298:) was a 3rd-century Roman
18:
4931:
4868:
4700:
4542:
4114:
4044:
3976:
3938:Three Martyrs of Chimbote
3708:Child Martyrs of Tlaxcala
3673:
3438:
3405:
3207:
3149:
3036:
3004:
2921:
2883:Mother of God (Theotokos)
2873:
2843:
2260:. Brill. pp. 58–63.
917:is the date on which the
780:S. Valentini extra Portam
575:Hagiography and testimony
551:, among first patrons of
342: – in the
236:
175:
163:
141:
119:
94:
83:
71:
58:
4084:Joseph (father of Jesus)
3470:Athanasius of Alexandria
3252:Athanasius of Alexandria
3136:Theophanes the Confessor
3116:Paul I of Constantinople
3111:Paphnutius the Confessor
3056:Athanasius the Confessor
2718:Roma, Antonianum. 322 p.
2714:Amore, Agostino (1975).
1997:(New York, 1967, p. 326.
1513:Chapman, Alison (2013).
1233:
988:Butler's Lives of Saints
755:There are many churches
509:Roman province of Africa
403:Saint Valentine of Terni
360:Feast of Saint Valentine
42:Not to be confused with
5044:Saints from Roman Italy
4016:Gregory the Illuminator
3986:Augustine of Canterbury
3535:Dionysius of Alexandria
3450:Alexander of Alexandria
2711:1972, pp. 108–145.
2675:Florence. CXV, 640 p. (
2664:Encyclopædia Britannica
2287:(electronic ed.).
2085:Ansgar, 1986, pp. 49–50
2062:Henry Ansgar Kelly, in
1466:. Adams Media. p.
1122:on the Greek island of
1036:Santa Maria in Cosmedin
1028:Santa Maria in Cosmedin
919:Eastern Orthodox Church
768:Passio Marii et Marthae
610:, an important town of
418:Eastern Orthodox Church
416:on February 14. In the
399:Saint Valentine of Rome
383:Santa Maria in Cosmedin
3455:Alexander of Jerusalem
3061:Chariton the Confessor
3023:in the Catholic Church
2693:Aigrain, René (1953).
2647:, compiled around 1275
2639:De Voragine, Jacobus.
2313:Lives of the... Saints
2112:Butler, Alban (1981).
1959:'from your Valentine.'
1822:, February 14, p. 141.
1804:. 2009. Archived from
1773:. (1966), pp. 260–277.
1458:Meera, Lester (2011).
1390:Webb, Matilda (2001).
1334:Cooper, J. C. (2013).
1031:
872:General Roman Calendar
832:
752:
676:
596:
442:General Roman Calendar
420:, he is recognised on
306:on February 14 and in
295:
287:
30:Saint Valentine (song)
26:Saint-Valentin, Quebec
4886:Fourteen Holy Helpers
4850:Trasilla and Emiliana
4001:Evermode of Ratzeburg
3883:Perpetua and Felicity
3853:Martyrs of Sandomierz
3723:Dismas the Good Thief
3650:Theophilus of Antioch
3620:Maximus the Confessor
3555:Epiphanius of Salamis
3495:Clement of Alexandria
3209:Doctors of the Church
3101:Maximus the Confessor
2888:Immaculate Conception
2756:Morena (Roma). 111 p.
2729:Martyrologium Romanum
2684:St. Valentine, Martyr
2198:on December 25, 2018.
2167:The Church of England
2116:. Burns & Oates.
2098:(Florence: Olschki, (
2066:. 1986, p. 62, says:
1808:on December 29, 2012.
1228:Saint Valentine's Key
1021:
927:Greek Orthodox Church
874:for celebration as a
854:Book of Common Prayer
822:
804:Saint Valentine's Day
798:Saint Valentine's Day
736:
723:persecuted Christians
670:
664:on February 14, 269.
582:
492:Catholic Encyclopedia
348:persecuted Christians
20:For the holiday, see
4790:Hiltrude of Liessies
4735:Catherine of Bologna
4730:Bernadette Soubirous
3923:17 Thomasian Martyrs
3733:Four Crowned Martyrs
3655:Victorinus of Pettau
3635:Papias of Hierapolis
3605:Jerome of Stridonium
3570:Gregory of Nazianzus
3540:Dionysius of Corinth
3362:Lawrence of Brindisi
3317:Bernard of Clairvaux
3292:Anselm of Canterbury
3247:Gregory of Nazianzus
3174:Priscilla and Aquila
3071:Edward the Confessor
2768:, February 15, 2007.
2688:Lives of the Saints,
2686:. In Alban Butler's
2600:. February 14, 2015.
2564:on January 23, 2015.
2514:. February 14, 2003.
2470:on January 26, 2013.
2315:, 1756, and Douce's
1553:on December 25, 2018
1318:Heifer International
1251:"Valentine of Terni"
1076:Christian pilgrimage
946:University of Kansas
911:, use that edition.
658:embrace Christianity
310:on July 6. From the
44:Valentinus (Gnostic)
28:. For the song, see
4840:Teresa of the Andes
4720:Angela of the Cross
4682:Zechariah (prophet)
3828:Martyrs of La Rioja
3823:21 Martyrs of Libya
3713:Christina of Persia
3693:Charles de Foucauld
3630:Quadratus of Athens
3590:Ignatius of Antioch
3560:Fulgentius of Ruspe
3510:Cyril of Alexandria
3505:Cyprian of Carthage
3490:Cappadocian Fathers
3387:Hildegard of Bingen
3257:Cyril of Alexandria
3131:Sergius of Radonezh
2893:Perpetual virginity
2653:Delehaye, Hippolyte
2414:Lives of the Saints
2216:on October 22, 2019
2188:"February calendar"
2008:Nuremberg Chronicle
1991:William H. C. Frend
1916:Castleden, Rodney,
1725:"the original text"
1661:Calendarium Romanum
1428:The Daily Telegraph
1186:Christianity portal
974:Parlement of Foules
908:Summorum Pontificum
707:Nuremberg Chronicle
691:Jacobus de Voragine
545:Valentine of Passau
469:Chronography of 354
447:Summorum Pontificum
430:Bishop of Interamna
224:; priest holding a
48:Valentine of Passau
5059:3rd-century Romans
5049:Holiday characters
4881:Four Holy Marshals
4876:Calendar of saints
4845:Teresa of Calcutta
4825:Patricia of Naples
4750:Catherine of Siena
4031:Patrick of Ireland
3953:Vietnamese Martyrs
3843:Martyrs of Otranto
3798:Martyrs of Cajonos
3793:Martyrs of Algeria
3788:Martyrs of Albania
3748:The Holy Innocents
3718:Devasahayam Pillai
3703:Carthusian Martyrs
3645:Polycarp of Smyrna
3600:Isidore of Seville
3585:Hippolytus of Rome
3580:Hilary of Poitiers
3515:Cyril of Jerusalem
3480:Caesarius of Arles
3475:Augustine of Hippo
3377:Thérèse of Lisieux
3372:Catherine of Siena
3322:Hilary of Poitiers
3297:Isidore of Seville
3272:Bede the Venerable
3262:Cyril of Jerusalem
3227:Augustine of Hippo
3141:Pio of Pietrelcina
3106:Michael of Synnada
2716:I martiri di Roma.
2422:Cardinal Richelieu
2289:Masaryk University
2094:Christian Hülsen,
2011:folio CXXII recto.
1918:The Book of Saints
1833:"Saints A to Z: V"
1166:Birmingham Oratory
1032:
996:illustration above
954:Masaryk University
859:Anglican Communion
833:
753:
718:Christian weddings
677:
597:
410:Anglican Communion
346:who ministered to
150:Anglican Communion
5039:People from Terni
4963:
4962:
4955:Saints portal
4906:Miles Christianus
4891:Martyr of charity
4860:Josephine Bakhita
4855:Ubaldesca Taccini
4800:Kateri Tekakwitha
4775:Faustina Kowalska
4765:Eulalia of Mérida
4745:Catherine Labouré
4740:Brigid of Kildare
4567:Baruch ben Neriah
4011:François de Laval
3996:Damien of Molokai
3963:Victor and Corona
3958:Valentine of Rome
3848:Martyrs of Prague
3813:Martyrs of Gorkum
3773:Martyrs of Lübeck
3660:Vincent of Lérins
3640:Peter Chrysologus
3595:Irenaeus of Lyons
3565:Gregory the Great
3550:Ephrem the Syrian
3347:Robert Bellarmine
3342:John of the Cross
3327:Alphonsus Liguori
3302:Peter Chrysologus
3277:Ephrem the Syrian
3242:Basil of Caesarea
3217:Gregory the Great
3199:Seventy disciples
3091:Lazarus Zographos
3076:Francis of Assisi
2946:James of Alphaeus
2903:Marian apparition
2700:Amore, Agostino.
2658:"Valentine"
2298:978-80-210-4126-4
2267:978-90-04-07849-9
1972:Claudius Gothicus
1857:on July 17, 2012.
1674:Roman Martyrology
1547:Church of England
1255:Patron Saints Tom
1208:La Fête du Baiser
1140:, France, in the
900:Pope Benedict XVI
878:until 1955, when
864:Roman Martyrology
845:Church of England
761:Christian martyrs
742:David Teniers III
711:Claudius Gothicus
654:Claudius Gothicus
521:Roman Martyrology
452:Roman Martyrology
414:Lutheran Churches
308:Eastern Orthodoxy
277:
276:
243:Affianced couples
154:Eastern Orthodoxy
142:Venerated in
5091:
5074:Burials in Italy
5064:Medieval legends
5016:
5015:
5014:
5004:
5003:
4992:
4991:
4990:
4980:
4979:
4978:
4971:
4953:
4952:
4951:
4941:
4940:
4820:Narcisa de Jesús
4805:Lucy of Syracuse
4710:Agatha of Sicily
4622:John the Baptist
3868:Maximilian Kolbe
3863:Martyrs of Zenta
3838:Martyrs of Natal
3818:Martyrs of Japan
3808:Martyrs of China
3803:Martyrs of Drina
3738:Gerard of Csanád
3698:Canadian Martyrs
3683:Abda and Abdisho
3625:Melito of Sardis
3615:John of Damascus
3575:Gregory of Nyssa
3460:Ambrose of Milan
3392:Gregory of Narek
3357:Anthony of Padua
3332:Francis de Sales
3267:John of Damascus
2913:Joseph (husband)
2865: →
2861: →
2857: →
2830:
2823:
2816:
2807:
2806:
2779:Diocese of Terni
2760:Paglia, Vincenzo
2668:
2660:
2616:
2615:
2608:
2602:
2601:
2590:
2584:
2583:
2572:
2566:
2565:
2560:. Archived from
2550:
2544:
2543:
2536:
2530:
2529:
2522:
2516:
2515:
2504:
2498:
2497:
2495:
2493:
2478:
2472:
2471:
2466:. Archived from
2456:
2450:
2449:
2431:
2425:
2407:
2401:
2400:
2364:
2358:
2357:
2309:
2303:
2302:
2278:
2272:
2271:
2251:
2245:
2244:
2232:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2221:
2206:
2200:
2199:
2184:
2178:
2177:
2175:
2173:
2159:
2153:
2152:
2134:
2128:
2127:
2109:
2103:
2092:
2086:
2083:
2074:
2060:
2054:
2047:
2041:
2040:
2018:
2012:
2004:
1998:
1968:
1962:
1961:
1945:
1939:
1938:
1927:
1921:
1914:
1908:
1907:
1901:
1877:
1871:
1865:
1859:
1858:
1853:. Archived from
1847:
1841:
1840:
1829:
1823:
1817:
1811:
1809:
1801:Diocese of Terni
1792:
1786:
1780:
1774:
1760:
1754:
1753:
1751:
1749:
1734:
1728:
1718:
1712:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1696:
1690:
1684:
1678:
1670:
1664:
1658:
1652:
1651:
1650:on May 25, 2010.
1646:. Archived from
1640:
1631:
1630:
1615:
1606:
1605:
1600:
1598:
1575:
1566:
1565:
1560:
1558:
1539:
1533:
1532:
1510:
1504:
1503:
1492:
1483:
1482:
1465:
1455:
1449:
1448:
1442:
1440:
1418:
1409:
1408:
1387:
1381:
1380:
1378:
1376:
1361:
1355:
1353:
1331:
1322:
1321:
1310:
1304:
1303:
1301:
1277:
1271:
1270:
1268:
1266:
1261:on April 1, 2010
1257:. Archived from
1246:
1202:
1197:
1196:
1195:
1188:
1183:
1182:
1138:Roquemaure, Gard
1065:Carlo Odescalchi
986:, the author of
969:Geoffrey Chaucer
958:Geoffrey Chaucer
814:Christian martyr
695:High Middle Ages
312:High Middle Ages
128:
125:
103:
100:
76:
56:
55:
51:
40:
33:
5099:
5098:
5094:
5093:
5092:
5090:
5089:
5088:
5079:Anglican saints
5069:Valentine's Day
5024:
5023:
5022:
5012:
5010:
4998:
4988:
4986:
4976:
4974:
4966:
4964:
4959:
4949:
4947:
4935:
4927:
4918:Seven Champions
4911:Church Militant
4901:Athleta Christi
4896:Military saints
4864:
4760:Clare of Assisi
4696:
4632:Judas Barsabbas
4538:
4110:
4040:
4026:Nino of Georgia
3972:
3878:Pedro Calungsod
3833:Martyrs of Laos
3778:Luigi Versiglia
3669:
3610:John Chrysostom
3500:Clement of Rome
3441:
3434:
3401:
3367:Teresa of Ávila
3352:Albertus Magnus
3237:John Chrysostom
3203:
3164:Mary of Bethany
3145:
3051:Anthony of Kiev
3032:
3000:
2951:James the Great
2917:
2869:
2848:
2839:
2834:
2766:Washington Post
2624:
2619:
2610:
2609:
2605:
2592:
2591:
2587:
2574:
2573:
2569:
2552:
2551:
2547:
2538:
2537:
2533:
2524:
2523:
2519:
2506:
2505:
2501:
2491:
2489:
2480:
2479:
2475:
2458:
2457:
2453:
2446:
2432:
2428:
2408:
2404:
2381:10.2307/2847741
2365:
2361:
2338:10.2307/2847741
2310:
2306:
2299:
2279:
2275:
2268:
2252:
2248:
2233:
2229:
2219:
2217:
2208:
2207:
2203:
2186:
2185:
2181:
2171:
2169:
2161:
2160:
2156:
2149:
2135:
2131:
2124:
2110:
2106:
2093:
2089:
2084:
2077:
2061:
2057:
2048:
2044:
2037:
2019:
2015:
2005:
2001:
1969:
1965:
1946:
1942:
1935:Catholic Online
1931:"St. Valentine"
1929:
1928:
1924:
1915:
1911:
1878:
1874:
1866:
1862:
1849:
1848:
1844:
1837:Catholic Online
1831:
1830:
1826:
1818:
1814:
1794:
1793:
1789:
1785:, 1983, p. 1423
1781:
1777:
1761:
1757:
1747:
1745:
1735:
1731:
1719:
1715:
1705:
1703:
1699:Pearse, Roger.
1697:
1693:
1685:
1681:
1671:
1667:
1659:
1655:
1642:
1641:
1634:
1619:"St. Valentine"
1617:
1616:
1609:
1596:
1594:
1592:
1576:
1569:
1556:
1554:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1529:
1521:. p. 122.
1511:
1507:
1494:
1493:
1486:
1479:
1456:
1452:
1438:
1436:
1419:
1412:
1402:
1388:
1384:
1374:
1372:
1362:
1358:
1350:
1342:. p. 278.
1332:
1325:
1312:
1311:
1307:
1278:
1274:
1264:
1262:
1247:
1240:
1236:
1198:
1193:
1191:
1184:
1177:
1174:
1016:
992:Vies des Saints
810:Pope Gelasius I
806:
800:
792:Olympic Village
731:
577:
569:Saint Valentina
484:Gelasian Decree
480:Pope Gelasius I
460:
438:Catholic Church
436:. In 1969, the
322:. He is also a
280:Saint Valentine
273:(for Catholics)
212:; bishop being
194:crippled person
170:
156:
152:
148:
146:Catholic Church
129:
126:
104:
101:
85:Bishop of Terni
79:
67:
64:
63:
52:
41:
34:
22:Valentine's Day
19:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5097:
5087:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5021:
5020:
5008:
4996:
4984:
4961:
4960:
4958:
4957:
4945:
4932:
4929:
4928:
4926:
4925:
4923:Virtuous pagan
4920:
4915:
4914:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4872:
4870:
4866:
4865:
4863:
4862:
4857:
4852:
4847:
4842:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4807:
4802:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4772:
4767:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4717:
4712:
4706:
4704:
4698:
4697:
4695:
4694:
4689:
4687:Zechariah (NT)
4684:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4548:
4546:
4540:
4539:
4537:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4120:
4118:
4112:
4111:
4109:
4108:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4050:
4048:
4042:
4041:
4039:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4021:Junípero Serra
4018:
4013:
4008:
4006:Francis Xavier
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3982:
3980:
3974:
3973:
3971:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3948:Uganda Martyrs
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3918:Titus Brandsma
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3893:Pietro Parenzo
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3763:Korean Martyrs
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3688:Boris and Gleb
3685:
3679:
3677:
3671:
3670:
3668:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3530:Desert Mothers
3527:
3525:Desert Fathers
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3446:
3444:
3436:
3435:
3433:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3411:
3409:
3403:
3402:
3400:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3337:Peter Canisius
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3282:Thomas Aquinas
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3213:
3211:
3205:
3204:
3202:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3169:Mary Magdalene
3166:
3161:
3155:
3153:
3147:
3146:
3144:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3096:Louis Bertrand
3093:
3088:
3083:
3081:Francis Borgia
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3042:
3040:
3034:
3033:
3031:
3030:
3025:
3016:
3010:
3008:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2927:
2925:
2919:
2918:
2916:
2915:
2910:
2908:Titles of Mary
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2879:
2877:
2871:
2870:
2855:Servant of God
2844:
2841:
2840:
2833:
2832:
2825:
2818:
2810:
2804:
2803:
2797:
2792:
2782:
2770:
2757:
2750:
2740:
2732:
2726:
2719:
2712:
2705:
2698:
2691:
2680:
2669:
2649:
2636:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2617:
2603:
2598:Greek Reporter
2585:
2567:
2545:
2531:
2517:
2499:
2473:
2451:
2444:
2426:
2402:
2375:(3): 534–565.
2359:
2332:(3): 534–565.
2304:
2297:
2273:
2266:
2246:
2227:
2210:"The Calendar"
2201:
2179:
2163:"The Calendar"
2154:
2147:
2129:
2122:
2104:
2087:
2075:
2055:
2042:
2035:
2013:
1999:
1963:
1940:
1922:
1920:. 2006, p. 28.
1909:
1892:(4): 253–255.
1872:
1860:
1842:
1824:
1812:
1787:
1775:
1762:René Aigrain,
1755:
1729:
1713:
1691:
1679:
1665:
1653:
1632:
1607:
1590:
1567:
1534:
1527:
1505:
1484:
1477:
1462:Sacred Travels
1450:
1410:
1400:
1382:
1356:
1348:
1323:
1305:
1292:(4): 253–255.
1272:
1249:Jones, Terry.
1237:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1204:
1203:
1189:
1173:
1170:
1015:
1012:
1010:and devotion.
802:Main article:
799:
796:
785:Santa Prassede
730:
727:
662:Flaminian Gate
624:laid his hands
595:, Mss fr. 185)
576:
573:
543:(November 3);
533:Late Antiquity
497:hagiographical
459:
458:Identification
456:
375:Santa Prassede
275:
274:
240:
234:
233:
179:
173:
172:
167:
161:
160:
143:
139:
138:
137:, Roman Empire
121:
117:
116:
96:
92:
91:
81:
80:
77:
69:
68:
65:
59:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5096:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5031:
5029:
5019:
5009:
5007:
5002:
4997:
4995:
4985:
4983:
4973:
4972:
4969:
4956:
4946:
4944:
4939:
4934:
4933:
4930:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4898:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4873:
4871:
4867:
4861:
4858:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4838:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4810:Maria Goretti
4808:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4715:Agnes of Rome
4713:
4711:
4708:
4707:
4705:
4703:
4699:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4658:
4655:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4549:
4547:
4545:
4541:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4121:
4119:
4117:
4113:
4107:
4106:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4051:
4049:
4047:
4043:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3983:
3981:
3979:
3975:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3928:Thomas Becket
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3753:Irish Martyrs
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3680:
3678:
3676:
3672:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3447:
3445:
3443:
3437:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3412:
3410:
3408:
3404:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3382:John of Ávila
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3307:Leo the Great
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
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2787:St. Valentine
2783:
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2648:
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2645:Legenda Aurea
2642:
2637:
2634:
2633:S. Valentinus
2630:
2626:
2625:
2613:
2607:
2599:
2595:
2589:
2581:
2580:Atlas Obscura
2577:
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2418:illuminations
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2049:Frank Staff,
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2036:9780664257026
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2017:
2010:
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1996:
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1587:
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1544:
1538:
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1528:9781135132316
1524:
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1500:newadvent.org
1497:
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1478:9781440525469
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1401:9781902210575
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965:
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962:romantic love
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
938:Francis Douce
935:
930:
928:
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920:
916:
912:
910:
909:
905:
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897:
893:
889:
885:
884:commemoration
881:
880:Pope Pius XII
877:
873:
868:
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865:
860:
856:
855:
850:
849:commemoration
846:
842:
841:is remembered
838:
830:
826:
821:
817:
815:
811:
805:
795:
793:
788:
786:
781:
777:
776:Pope Julius I
773:
769:
764:
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735:
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724:
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714:
712:
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688:
687:
686:Legenda Aurea
681:
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659:
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644:
640:
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632:
627:
625:
621:
617:
614:, in central
613:
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602:
594:
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581:
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570:
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455:
453:
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443:
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431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
406:
404:
401:, along with
400:
396:
395:martyrologies
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
363:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
316:his feast day
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
288:San Valentino
285:
281:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
241:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
210:adore an idol
207:
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187:
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178:
174:
168:
166:
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159:
155:
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132:
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111:
107:
97:
93:
90:
86:
82:
75:
70:
62:
57:
54:
49:
45:
38:
31:
27:
23:
5006:Christianity
4835:Rose of Lima
4329:John Paul II
4159:Anastasius I
4129:Adeodatus II
4103:
3978:Missionaries
3957:
3888:Peter Chanel
3873:Óscar Romero
3768:Lorenzo Ruiz
3743:Great Martyr
3312:Peter Damian
3121:Peter Claver
2851:canonization
2786:
2773:
2765:
2753:
2746:
2743:
2735:
2728:
2722:
2715:
2708:
2701:
2694:
2687:
2683:
2677:On-line text
2672:
2662:
2644:
2640:
2632:
2628:
2622:Bibliography
2606:
2597:
2588:
2579:
2570:
2562:the original
2557:
2548:
2534:
2520:
2511:
2502:
2492:February 14,
2490:. Retrieved
2476:
2468:the original
2461:
2454:
2435:
2429:
2413:
2405:
2372:
2368:
2362:
2329:
2325:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2307:
2283:
2276:
2256:
2249:
2240:
2230:
2220:February 14,
2218:. Retrieved
2214:the original
2204:
2196:the original
2191:
2182:
2170:. Retrieved
2166:
2157:
2138:
2132:
2113:
2107:
2100:On-line text
2095:
2090:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2058:
2050:
2045:
2022:
2016:
2006:
2002:
1994:
1986:
1983:
1966:
1957:
1943:
1934:
1925:
1917:
1912:
1903:
1889:
1885:
1875:
1867:
1863:
1855:the original
1845:
1836:
1827:
1819:
1815:
1806:the original
1799:
1790:
1782:
1778:
1770:
1767:
1763:
1758:
1746:. Retrieved
1743:Roger Pearse
1742:
1732:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1704:. Retrieved
1694:
1682:
1672:
1668:
1660:
1656:
1648:the original
1622:
1602:
1595:. Retrieved
1580:
1562:
1555:. Retrieved
1551:the original
1537:
1514:
1508:
1499:
1461:
1453:
1444:
1437:. Retrieved
1426:
1405:
1391:
1385:
1375:February 12,
1373:. Retrieved
1370:Roger Pearse
1369:
1359:
1335:
1317:
1308:
1289:
1285:
1275:
1265:February 14,
1263:. Retrieved
1259:the original
1254:
1152:and also in
1135:
1128:
1117:
1106:
1099:
1084:
1073:
1055:
1040:
1033:
1004:
995:
991:
987:
984:Alban Butler
972:
966:
934:Alban Butler
931:
913:
906:
904:motu proprio
896:Roman Missal
876:simple feast
869:
862:
852:
839:. Valentine
834:
807:
789:
779:
771:
767:
765:
763:and saints.
754:
737:
715:
704:
698:
684:
682:
678:
647:
628:
605:
598:
536:
528:
526:
519:
517:
513:
505:Via Flaminia
490:
488:
473:
467:
461:
445:
407:
402:
398:
364:
356:Via Flaminia
344:Roman Empire
324:patron saint
320:courtly love
304:Christianity
279:
278:
114:Roman Empire
53:
4795:Joan of Arc
4725:Æthelthryth
4642:Melchizedek
4504:Telesphorus
4494:Sylvester I
4379:Marcellus I
4374:Marcellinus
4294:Gregory VII
4289:Gregory III
4204:Celestine V
4199:Celestine I
4194:Callixtus I
4184:Boniface IV
4174:Benedict II
4149:Alexander I
4124:Adeodatus I
3943:Ulma Family
3933:Thomas More
3783:Martyrology
3758:John Fisher
3407:Evangelists
3287:Bonaventure
2941:Bartholomew
2875:Virgin Mary
1748:January 17,
1623:pravmir.com
1597:October 27,
1557:October 27,
1543:"Holy Days"
1439:February 6,
1069:Gregory XVI
980:antiquaries
750:Virgin Mary
557:South Tyrol
428:Valentine,
426:Hieromartyr
379:Nicholas IV
158:Lutheranism
5034:269 deaths
5028:Categories
4529:Zephyrinus
4489:Stephen IV
4474:Sixtus III
4454:Simplicius
4399:Nicholas I
4324:John XXIII
4314:Innocent I
4284:Gregory II
4274:Gelasius I
4179:Boniface I
4139:Agapetus I
4134:Adrian III
4105:Matriarchs
4046:Patriarchs
3665:Zephyrinus
3038:Confessors
3006:Archangels
2898:Assumption
2849:Stages of
2558:chelmno.pl
1768:Antonianum
1115:, Poland.
982:, notably
942:Lupercalia
650:evangelise
495:and other
336:beekeepers
296:Valentinus
251:beekeepers
245:, against
220:bearing a
177:Attributes
102: 226
4994:Biography
4785:Genevieve
4692:Zephaniah
4499:Symmachus
4484:Stephen I
4469:Sixtus II
4449:Silverius
4444:Sergius I
4404:Paschal I
4394:Miltiades
4304:Hormisdas
4279:Gregory I
4264:Felix III
4249:Evaristus
4244:Eutychian
4229:Eleuterus
4224:Dionysius
4219:Damasus I
4214:Cornelius
4209:Clement I
4154:Anacletus
3898:Philomena
3545:Dionysius
3520:Damasus I
3465:Anatolius
3151:Disciples
3086:Homobonus
3046:Anatolius
2859:Venerable
2397:162849518
2354:162849518
2172:March 27,
1980:Gallienus
1519:Routledge
1340:Routledge
1047:Carlos IV
831:, Ireland
757:dedicated
748:from the
643:household
639:Christian
350:. He was
255:marriages
238:Patronage
66:Valentine
4869:See also
4770:Euphemia
4607:Jeremiah
4587:Habakkuk
4544:Prophets
4519:Vitalian
4514:Victor I
4464:Sixtus I
4459:Siricius
4389:Martin I
4369:Lucius I
4334:Julius I
4299:Hilarius
4269:Felix IV
4239:Eusebius
4234:Eugene I
4164:Anicetus
4036:Remigius
3991:Boniface
3397:Irenaeus
3179:Silvanus
3126:Salonius
2971:Matthias
2936:Barnabas
2923:Apostles
2744:Speculum
2655:(1911).
2635:, p. 20.
2512:radio.cz
2486:Archived
2369:Speculum
2326:Speculum
1984:Speculum
1976:cognomen
1689:, p. 355
1627:Archived
1433:Archived
1172:See also
1160:area of
1120:Mytilene
1095:Vyšehrad
1051:Piarists
1038:, Rome.
902:'s 2007
702:valor".
585:basilica
412:and the
352:martyred
332:epilepsy
267:epilepsy
253:, happy
247:fainting
214:beheaded
202:epilepsy
4968:Portals
4830:Rosalia
4755:Cecilia
4702:Virgins
4662:Obadiah
4637:Malachi
4582:Ezekiel
4534:Zosimus
4524:Zachary
4509:Urban I
4439:Pontian
4414:Paul VI
4349:Leo III
4309:Hyginus
4259:Felix I
4169:Anterus
4099:Solomon
4064:Abraham
3908:Stephen
3675:Martyrs
3442:Fathers
3415:Matthew
3222:Ambrose
3189:Timothy
3184:Stephen
3159:Apollos
3066:Dominic
3028:Raphael
3021:
3019:Michael
3014:Gabriel
2966:Matthew
2863:Blessed
2781:. 2009.
2416:, with
2389:2847741
2346:2847741
1905:prison.
1162:Glasgow
1158:Gorbals
1156:in the
1113:Chełmno
1089:in the
1008:romance
923:July 30
847:with a
843:in the
635:baptism
541:Viterbo
464:martyrs
434:July 30
284:Italian
206:rooster
192:with a
4982:Saints
4677:Simeon
4667:Samuel
4602:Isaiah
4592:Haggai
4577:Elijah
4552:Agabus
4434:Pius X
4429:Pius V
4424:Pius I
4409:Paul I
4359:Leo IX
4354:Leo IV
4344:Leo II
4319:John I
4254:Fabian
4144:Agatho
4079:Joseph
3440:Church
3232:Jerome
2996:Thomas
2986:Philip
2931:Andrew
2697:Paris.
2442:
2395:
2387:
2352:
2344:
2295:
2264:
2235:Glav.
2145:
2120:
2033:
1588:
1525:
1475:
1398:
1346:
1146:Balzan
1131:Savona
1124:Lesbos
1102:Košice
1087:Prague
1061:Dublin
1043:Madrid
1030:, Rome
915:July 6
888:Balzan
829:Dublin
772:Passio
746:rosary
612:Umbria
553:Passau
549:Raetia
529:valens
466:, the
422:July 6
397:. For
391:Dublin
340:bishop
271:Lesvos
263:plague
218:priest
190:bishop
135:Italia
110:Italia
89:Martyr
5018:Italy
4657:Nahum
4652:Moses
4647:Micah
4627:Jonah
4597:Hosea
4572:David
4479:Soter
4419:Peter
4364:Linus
4339:Leo I
4189:Caius
4116:Popes
4089:David
4074:Jacob
4069:Isaac
3485:Caius
3194:Titus
2991:Simon
2981:Peter
2867:Saint
2643:. In
2393:S2CID
2385:JSTOR
2350:S2CID
2342:JSTOR
1234:Notes
1150:Malta
1144:, in
1024:relic
1000:Terni
892:Malta
631:idols
620:Jesus
616:Italy
608:Terni
601:vitae
589:Terni
561:Italy
537:other
501:Terni
432:, on
328:Terni
300:saint
292:Latin
230:blind
222:sword
200:with
198:child
196:or a
186:roses
182:Birds
165:Feast
106:Terni
61:Saint
4617:Joel
4562:Anna
4557:Amos
4384:Mark
4094:Noah
4059:Abel
4054:Adam
3430:John
3425:Luke
3420:Mark
2976:Paul
2961:Jude
2956:John
2494:2017
2440:ISBN
2293:ISBN
2262:ISBN
2222:2018
2174:2021
2143:ISBN
2118:ISBN
2031:ISBN
1750:2024
1708:2012
1599:2012
1586:ISBN
1559:2012
1523:ISBN
1473:ISBN
1441:2018
1396:ISBN
1377:2022
1344:ISBN
1267:2007
1080:pray
936:and
699:vita
683:The
518:The
489:The
371:Rome
334:and
259:love
232:girl
131:Rome
120:Died
95:Born
87:and
4612:Job
2377:doi
2334:doi
2321:see
1954:CBN
1894:doi
1469:XVI
1294:doi
1148:in
1111:in
1093:at
971:'s
867:.
827:in
689:of
587:at
369:in
326:of
226:sun
46:or
5030::
2853::
2777:.
2762:.
2747:56
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