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questioning the answers to such objections might, as she saw, be raised. How much virtue and intellect, how much holiness and purity I found in her I am afraid to say, both lest I may exceed the bounds of men's belief and lest I may increase your sorrow by reminding you of the blessings you have lost. This only will I say, that whatever I had gathered together by long study, and by constant meditation made part of my nature, she tasted, she learned and made her own.
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leading position in that celebrated circle of religious-minded women that met at her house on the
Aventine.” Most of what we know about Marcella is from the letters of Jerome, most famously his letter 127 to Principia. It was written on the occasion of Marcella's death, paying tribute to her life and consoling her beloved student. In it, he says the following about his relationship with Marcella:
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177:, she "gathered women to study Scripture and pray in her aristocratic home on the Aventine Hill fully 40 years before Jerome arrived in Rome. After Jerome returned to Jerusalem, Rome’s priests would consult Marcella for help in clarifying biblical texts. She also engaged in public debate over the Originist controversy."
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As in those days my name was held in some renown as that of a student of the
Scriptures, she never came to see me without asking me some questions about them, nor would she rest content at once, but on the contrary would dispute them; this, however, was not for the sake of argument, but to learn by
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In modern collections of Jerome's letters, we find many letters to
Marcella (Letters 23, 25, 26, 29, 34, 127). Almost a third of all the extant letters from Jerome were addressed to women. Thomas Lawler, notes, “Marcella is by far the woman most frequently addressed, quite likely because of her
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invaded in 410, she was brutalized. Convinced that she had hidden treasure, which she had long before distributed among the poor, she was scourged and beaten with cudgels. Other soldiers arrived who had "some reverence for holy things". They escorted
Marcella and Principia to the church of St.
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to Rome, where he became the pope's confidential secretary. Damasus arranged lodging for him at
Marcella’s hospitality house. Jerome gave readings and lectures to Marcella's community and friends. It was at the home of Marcella that Jerome first met Paula.
196:, and resolved to imitate the lives of the ascetics of the East. She abstained from wine and flesh, employed all her time in pious reading, prayer, and visiting the churches of the apostles and martyrs, and never spoke with any man alone."
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left Rome for the Holy Land, they asked
Marcella to join them, but she chose to remain in Rome to tend to her growing community. She and her student Principia moved from the palace to a smaller house on the Aventine.
587:
Butler, Alban. Butler’s Lives of the Saints. 12 vols. Ed. David Hugh Farmer and Paul Burns. New full ed., Tunbridge Wells, UK: Burns & Oates and
Collegeville, Minn.: Liturgical Press, 1995–2000.
214:. Marcella's palatial home became a center of Christian activity. She and her mother Albina formed a group of religious women in their home, inspired by eastern monks. Paula's third daughter,
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reports similarly, "She suffered bodily ill-treatment at the hands of the Goths when they captured Rome in 410 and died from its effects." She is commemorated on 31 January.
169:. Growing up in Rome, she was influenced by her pious mother, Albina, an educated woman of wealth and benevolence. Marcella was but a child when the exiled bishop
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Perhaps because she did not live long after being scourged, she was included in the Roman
Martyrology. Her feast day in the west is January 31.
192:. According to Butler, "Having lost her husband in the seventh month of her marriage, she rejected the suit of Cerealis the consul, uncle of
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as a sanctuary for all who chose to take advantage of it. Exhausted and injured, Marcella died of her wounds shortly thereafter.
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Maenads, Martyrs, Matrons, Monastics: A Sourcebook on Women's
Religions in the Greco-Roman World
577:(33rd ed., vol. I, Ancient Christian Writers ed.). New York: Newman Press. pp. 12, 22.
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and became a refuge for weary pilgrims and for the poor. An associate of
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After her husband's early death, Marcella decided to devote the rest of her life to
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380:"Fourth-Century Mothers of the Church: At the Origins of Monastic Life"
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657:. 1988; rev. ed., Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2004.
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Bacchus, Francis Joseph. "St. Pammachius." The Catholic Encyclopedia
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The Lives of the Fathers, Martyrs and Other Principal Saints, vol. 1
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Vol. 11. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. 13 November 2021
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Crispina and Her Sisters: Women and Authority in Early Christianity
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was also a wealthy widow and supported the house run by Marcella.
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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https://www.holytrinityorthodox.com/htc/orthodox-calendar/
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She came from a noble family who lived in a palace on the
27:"Santa Marcela" redirects here. For the other saint, see
552:, Volume 2, George Bell and Sons, London, 1905, p. 7]
664:, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1999.
546:Dunbar, Agnes Baillie Cunninghame. "St. Marcella",
596:Rebenich, Stefan. Jerome. London: Routledge, 2002.
447:Married Saints and Blesseds: Through the Centuries
353:. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 1039.
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301:Episcopal Church in the United States of America
210:. Pammachius married Paula's second daughter,
351:The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church
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155:The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church
532:, 1921. CatholicSaints.Info. 4 November 2014
349:Cross, F.L.; Livingstone, Elizabeth (2005).
254:Paul,--one of those which had been named by
206:'s, was her cousin. He was also a cousin of
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241:When Paula and her daughter
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450:n.p., Ignatius Press, 2017
173:visited Rome. According to
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430:Butler, Alban (1903).
367:"Marcella", Epistolae
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473:Carmina Philosophiae
445:Holböck, Ferdinand.
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672:Categories
479:: 93–125.
389:2024-02-16
324:References
305:January 31
243:Eustochium
216:Eustochium
200:Pammachius
125:January 31
485:1075-4407
249:When the
161:Biography
149:Christian
493:44078602
229:In 382,
133:Marcella
42:Marcella
299:of the
295:on the
291:with a
289:honored
233:called
212:Paulina
182:charity
139:in the
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278:Jerome
256:Alaric
235:Jerome
204:Jerome
188:, and
186:prayer
90:Italia
70:Italia
489:JSTOR
251:Goths
137:saint
120:Feast
38:Saint
481:ISSN
452:ISBN
411:ISBN
143:and
86:Rome
80:Died
66:Rome
60:Born
316:by
303:on
280:'s
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