2210:, and he created in part the categories and rules along whose lines was developed the grammatical study of the Hebrew language. His dictionary, primitive and merely practical as it was, became the foundation of Hebrew lexicography; and the name "Agron" (literally, "collection"), which he chose and doubtless created, was long used as a designation for Hebrew lexicons, especially by the Karaites. The very categories of rhetoric, as they were found among the Arabs, were first applied by Saadia to the style of the Bible. He was likewise one of the founders of comparative philology, not only through his brief "Book of Seventy Words," already mentioned, but especially through his explanation of the Hebrew vocabulary by the Arabic, particularly in the case of the favorite translation of Biblical words by Arabic terms having the same sound.
2171:
2155:
2416:). Saadia's objective here was to show the parallelism between the truths delivered to the people of Israel by Divine revelation, on the one side, and the necessary conclusions that can also be reached by way of rational observation, on the other. The effect of these ideas expressed in his philosophical books are clearly reflected in Saadia's story of creation, especially when he comes to deal with the theological problems, such as in the verse of Deuteronomy 4:24: “For the LORD your God is a devouring fire,” which constitutes an example of a verse that cannot be understood in its plain context, but should rather be understood in such a way as not to contradict one's definite knowledge that God does not change, nor can anything corporeal be associated with him.
125:
2676:(1921) 423-428. Malter rejected 882 because it conflicted with other known events in Saadia's life. He suspected an error by a copyist. The year 882 is now generally accepted because its source is closer to his death in both time and space. Abraham Firkovich had previously held the opinion that Saadia Gaon was born in 862, based on the view that he was aged twenty when he first began writing his
1153:), claimed a tradition according to which the cutoff point was 642/1080 of an hour (approximately 35 minutes) after noon. In that particular year, this change would result in a two-day schism with the major Jewish communities in Babylonia: according to Ben Meir the first day of Passover would be on a Sunday, while according to the generally accepted rule it would be on Tuesday.
3775:
2387:), containing the texts of the prayers, commentary in Arabic and original synagogal poetry. Of this synagogal poetry the most noteworthy portions are the "Azharot" on the 613 commandments, which give the author's name as "Sa'id b. Joseph", followed by the title "Alluf," thus showing that the poems were written before he became gaon.
2008:); they have hastened after some other thing; I shall not pour out their libations of blood, neither shall I take-up their names upon my lips," writing instead: "They will multiply their revenues (Judeo-Arabic:אכסאבהם); they have hastened after some other thing," etc. Even where a certain explanation is given in the
2256:, in which no process of creation is described, and the process described in Sefer Yetzirah (matter formed by speech). The cosmogony of Sefer Yetzirah is even omitted from the discussion of creation in his magnum opus "Kitab al-Amanat wal-I'tiḳadat." Concerning the supposed attribution of the book to the patriarch
2426:, written while its author was still residing in Egypt (or Israel), and intended to explain in a scientific manner how the universe came into existence. On the linguistic aspect, Saadia combines a debate on the letters and on their attributes (e.g. phonemes), as well as a debate on related linguistic matters.
2248:, Saadia sought to render lucid and intelligible the content of this esoteric work by the light of philosophy and scientific knowledge, especially by a system of Hebrew phonology which he himself had founded. He did not permit himself in this commentary to be influenced by the theological speculations of the
2190:
of a large portion of
Judaism, it served for centuries as a potent factor in the impregnation of the Jewish spirit with Arabic culture, so that, in this respect, it may take its place beside the Greek Bible-translation of antiquity and the German translation of the Pentateuch by Moses Mendelssohn. As
2178:
Saadia Gaon was a pioneer in the fields in which he toiled. The foremost object of his work was the Bible; his importance is due primarily to his establishment of a new school of
Biblical exegesis characterized by a rational investigation of the contents of the Bible and a scientific knowledge of the
2198:
The commentary contained, as is stated in the author's own introduction to his translation of the
Pentateuch, not only an exact interpretation of the text, but also a refutation of the cavils which the heretics raised against it. Further, it set forth the bases of the commandments of reason and the
1313:
received by him. Saadia's method of conveying names for the fowls based on what he had received by way of an oral tradition prompted him to add in his defense: "Every detail about them, had one of them merely come unto us , we would not have been able to identify it for certain, much less recognize
2118:
did not interrupt his literary activity. His principal philosophical work was completed in 933; and four years later, through Ibn
Sargado's father-in-law, Bishr ben Aaron, the two enemies were reconciled. Saadia was reinstated in his office; but he held it for only five more years. David b. Zakkai
2145:
about Saadia ben Yosef "the sage," in which he ends a dispute between a servant who claims to be the heir of his deceased master and the man's true son and heir by having them both draw blood into separate vessels. He then took a bone from the deceased man and placed it into each of the cups. The
1988:
and midrashic literature was ambivalent. Although he adopted them in his liturgies, he did not recoil from denouncing them in his commentary on the Bible whenever he thought that they broke-away from the plain and ordinary meaning of the text. Saadia adopts in principle the method of the
2408:: This work, first compiled in 933 CE, of which several revisions were made until its final redaction, is considered to be the first systematic attempt to synthesize the Jewish tradition with philosophical teachings. Prior to Saadia, the only other Jew to attempt any such fusion was
1184:
His dispute with Ben Meir was an important factor in his call to Sura in 928. The
Exilarch insisted on appointing him as Gaon "head of the academy" despite the weight of precedent (no foreigner had ever served as Gaon before) and against the advice of the aged Nissim Nahrwani, a
2110:
He wrote both in Hebrew and in Arabic a work, now known only from a few fragments, entitled "Sefer ha-Galui" (Arabic title, "Kitab al-Ṭarid"), in which he emphasized with great but justifiable pride the services which he had rendered, especially in his opposition to heresy.
1286:, in his commentary on the Torah, wrote scathing remarks on Saadia's commentary, saying: "He doesn't have an oral tradition perhaps he has a vision in a dream, while he has already erred with respect to certain places ; therefore, we will not rely on his dreams."
1189:
at Sura, who feared a confrontation between the two strong-willed personalities, Exilarch David and Saadia. Nissim declared, however, that if David was determined to see Saadia in the position, then he would be ready to become the first of Saadia's followers.
3600:(1988). Goodman writes that his edition "would have been impossible without the careful Arabic edition of Saadiah's translation and commentary that we owe to the indefatigable industry of Ḳāfiḥ, whose notes and glosses are frequently acknowledged in my own" (
2260:, he allows that the ideas it contains might be ancient. Nonetheless, he clearly considered the work worthy of deep study and echoes of Sefer Yetzirah's cosmogony do appear in "Kitab al-Amanat wal-I'tiḳadat" when Saadia discusses his theory of prophecy.
2440:"Kitab al-Tamyiz" (in Hebrew, "Sefer ha-Hakkarah"), or "Book of Distinction," composed in 926, and Saadia's most extensive polemical work. It was still cited in the twelfth century; and a number of passages from it are given in a Biblical commentary of
2436:
Refutations of
Karaite authors, always designated by the name "Kitab al-Radd," or "Book of Refutation." These three works are known only from scanty references to them in other works; that the third was written after 933 is proved by one of the
2206:'s "Moznayim," has not been challenged even by the latest historical investigations. Here, too, he was the first; his grammatical work, now lost, gave an inspiration to further studies, which attained their most brilliant and lasting results in
2146:
bone in the cup of the true heir absorbed the blood, while the servant's blood was not absorbed in the bone. Using this as genetic proof of the son's true inheritance, Saadia had the servant return the man's property to his son.
2354:
Short monographs in which problems of Jewish law are systematically presented. Of these Arabic treatises, little but the titles and extracts is known, and it is only in the "Kitab al-Mawarith" that fragments of any length have
2022:
7a as meaning "each spice pounded separately"), Saadia deviates from the rabbinic tradition in his Judeo-Arabic translation of the
Pentateuch, in this case explaining its sense as "having them made of equal portions."
1204:
had subscribed to it. When the son of the exilarch threatened Saadia with violence to secure his compliance and was roughly handled by Saadia's servant, open war broke out between the exilarch and the gaon. Each
1160:, on his way from the East, when he learned of Ben Meïr's regulation of the Jewish calendar. Saadia addressed a warning to him, and in Mesopotamia, he placed his knowledge and pen at the disposal of the exilarch
1220:(later Gaon of Pumbedita, 943-960), in Hebrew pamphlets. Fragments of these pamphlets show a hatred on the part of the exilarch and his partisans that did not shrink from scandal. Saadia did not fail to reply.
2194:
His system of hermeneutics was not limited to the exegesis of individual passages, but treated also each book of the Bible as a whole, and showed the connection of its various portions with one another.
2191:
a means of popular religious enlightenment, Saadia's translation presented the
Scriptures even to the unlearned in a rational form which aimed at the greatest possible degree of clarity and consistency.
4314:
2119:
died before him (c. 940), being followed a few months later by the exilarch's son Judah, while David's young grandson was nobly protected by Saadia as by a father. According to a statement made by
1209:
the other, declaring that he deposed his opponent from office. David ben Zakkai appointed Joseph ben Jacob Gaon of Sura and Saadia conferred the exilarchate on David's brother Hasan (Josiah; 930).
1101:
After only two years of teaching, Saadia recused himself from teaching because of a dispute that had fallen out between him and the
Exilarch. During Saadia's absence, his post was occupied by
4599:
4650:
4584:
2466:"Sefer ha-Galui," also composed in Hebrew and in the same flowery biblical style as the "Sefer ha-Mo'adim," being an autobiographical and apologetic work directed against the Exilarch (
4665:
3681:
This (כתאב אלאמאנאת ואלאעתקאדאת ) was the name of Saadia's first edition, later emended by Saadia to אלמכ'תאר פי אלאמאנאת ואלאעתקאדאת (Hebrew: הנבחר באמונות ובדעות) as described by
4344:
4553:
4508:
4467:
4442:
4309:
3957:
Ashur, Amir; Nir, Sivan; Polliack, Meira (2017). "Three
Fragments of Saʿadya Gaon's Arabic Translation of Isaiah Copied by the Court Scribe Joseph ben Samuel (c. 1181–1209)".
4813:
4803:
4788:
4660:
4645:
4620:
4604:
4482:
4040:
1996:
In some instances, Saadia's biblical translations reflect his own rationale of difficult Hebrew words based on their lexical root, and he will, at times, reject the earlier
3990:
1993:
that even the episodic-like parts of the Bible (e.g. story of Abraham and Sarah, the selling of Joseph, etc.) that do not contain commandments have a moral lesson to tell.
1109:. At length, Saadia was reconciled with the Exilarch and returned to serve in his former position, although Joseph ben Jacob also remained serving in his capacity as Gaon.
4768:
4675:
4244:
4239:
4234:
3529:
4833:
4823:
4758:
4718:
4655:
4339:
4269:
2652:
fragment containing a list of Saadia's writings compiled by his sons eleven years after his death, which stated that he was "sixty years less forty ... days" at death.
2236:
interpretations of so many others, thus identifying a spiritual purpose of a religious vessel within that religious and spiritual instilling schema of purpose and use.
2199:
characterization of the commandments of revelation; in the case of the former the author appealed to philosophical speculation; of the latter, naturally, to tradition.
4793:
4773:
4733:
4568:
4162:
4462:
4457:
4264:
4254:
4214:
4005:
2447:
There was perhaps a special polemic of Saadia against Ben Zuta, though the data regarding this controversy between is known only from the gaon's gloss on the Torah.
4640:
4421:
4304:
4198:
4203:
4083:
4354:
4284:
2644:
The traditional birth year of 892 was exclusively cited before 1921 and is still occasionally cited. It rests on a statement by the twelfth-century historian
4279:
4249:
4193:
4563:
4558:
4498:
4289:
1239:
is founded upon the prayer format edited originally by Saadia. The Yemenite Jewish community also adopted thirteen penitential verse written by Saadia for
797:
2470:), David b. Zakkai, and his chief patron, Aharon ibn Sargado, in which he proved his own uprightness and equity in the matter of controversy between them.
4670:
5000:
4783:
4427:
4349:
4259:
1094:
or head of Babylonian Jewry, petitioned Saadia to assume the honorary title of gaon, where he was appointed that same year the Gaon of Sura Academy at
2252:, which are so important in his main works. In introducing Sefer Yetzirah's theory of creation he makes a distinction between the Biblical account of
4548:
4334:
4294:
4274:
4167:
3235:, not to be mistaken with the animal that is called by this name today, or crocodile. For in ancient Greek, any big lizard was called "krokódeilos."
4630:
4503:
4492:
4477:
1278:) has brought relief and succour to Jews living in Arabic-speaking countries, his identification of places, fauna and flora, and the stones of the
4853:
4219:
4778:
1232:
has been exceptionally great, as many of Saadia's extant works were preserved by the community and used extensively by them. The basis for the
1216:, and the strife that divided Babylonian Judaism continued. Saadia was attacked by the exilarch and his chief adherent, the young but learned
4965:
4625:
4415:
4188:
1176:," in which he refuted the assertions of Ben Meïr regarding the calendar and helped to avert from the Jewish community the perils of schism.
4487:
4437:
4183:
1197:
entered upon a new period of brilliancy. This renaissance was cut short by a clash between Saadia and David, much as Nissim had predicted.
2000:
for his own understanding. For example, in Psalm 16:4, Saadia retracts from the Targum (translated): "They will multiply their goddesses (
4543:
4409:
4172:
4157:
2825:. Translated by Nosson Dovid Rabinowich. Jerusalem: Rabbi Jacob Joseph School Press - Ahavath Torah Institute Moznaim. pp. 150–151.
833:
4147:
1258:, was copied by the Yemenite Jews in nearly all their handwritten codices. They originally studied Saadia's major work of philosophy,
3854:
Ivry, Alfred L. (1989). "The contribution of Alexander Altmann to the study of medieval Jewish philosophy". In Arnold Paucker (ed.).
423:
1969:
Is the hill of God the hill of Bashan? A hunchback mountain is the hill of Bashan! (Meaning, it is unfit for God's Divine Presence).
1953:
and noting where the verse is to be read as a rhetorical question, and where the verse itself derides the question with good humor:
4990:
4686:
3382:
Book of Psalms with a Translation and Commentary of Rabbi Saadia Gaon (תהלים עם תרגום ופירוש הגאון רבינו סעדיה בן יוסף פיומי זצ"ל)
2273:
Saadia translated the Humash and some of the other books of the Hebrew Bible into Judeo-Arabic, adding a Judeo-Arabic commentary.
4152:
3526:
987:
4950:
4935:
4472:
3974:
3905:
3141:
3059:
3002:
2956:
2744:
2170:
2154:
1335:
4915:
3458:
3737:
Saadia Gaon's version of the text itself along with his Judeo-Arabic commentary with facing Hebrew translation by Rabbi
124:
4960:
4910:
3448:
1973:
That mountain wherein God desires to dwell (i.e. Mount Moriah in Jerusalem), even the Lord shall dwell forever more.
1071:. Later, one of Saadia's chief disputants was the Karaite by the name of Abu al-Surri ben Zuṭa, who is referred to by
986:; this son later served as gaon of Sura Academy from 1012–1018. Regarding Joseph, Saadia's father, a statement of the
3875:
2716:
2616:
2202:
The position assigned to Saadia in the oldest list of Hebrew grammarians, which is contained in the introduction to
4995:
4955:
4111:
1657:
1200:
In a probate case, Saadia refused to sign a verdict of the exilarch, which he thought unjust, although the Gaon of
894:
956:
826:
4975:
4945:
4009:
3482:
2759:
2463:"Sefer ha-Mo'adim," or "Book of Festivals," the Hebrew polemic against Ben Meir which has been mentioned above.
2332:"Tafsir al-Sab'ina Lafẓah," a list of seventy (properly ninety) Hebrew (and Aramaic) words which occur in the
1044:, particularly Solomon ben Yeruham, thus beginning the activity which was to prove important in opposition to
4980:
3453:. Vol. I/1. Translated by Nadia Abdulhadi Sukhtian. Ramallah: Dar Al Nasher. pp. 168–169 (vol. 1).
2376:. With few exceptions these exist only in Hebrew, some of them having been probably written in that language.
2131:
in 942, at the age of sixty, of "black gall" (melancholia), repeated illnesses having undermined his health.
1317:
The question often asked by scholars now is whether Saadia applied this principle in his other translations.
600:
4970:
4818:
4808:
3486:
3367:, the plural feminine form of עצבים (images; idols) found in Psalm 115:4, Psalm 135:15, among other places.
2460:"Kitab al-'Ibbur," or "Book of the Calendar," likewise apparently containing polemics against Karaite Jews;
605:
418:
2927:, on Genesis 2:11–12 and on Exodus 28:30, as well as in his critique on RSG's identification of the bird,
2336:
only once or very rarely, and which may be explained from traditional literature, especially from the Neo-
4985:
4940:
4920:
4900:
4075:
3827:
3706:(in Hebrew). Translated by Yosef Qafih. Kiryat Ono: Mekhkon Mishnat ha-Rambam. p. 6 (Introduction).
3843:(Morris Loeb Series, Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America, 1921, several later reprints).
3811:
3219:, and neither one of them can convey uncleanness by touching, even after death. See Maimonides, Mishnah
4930:
3889:
3798:
2648:
that Saadia was "about fifty" years old when he died. The modern birth year of 882 rests on an 1113 CE
2572:) = Chameleon lizard. Qafih explains in his commentary on the Responsa and Halachic Decisions of Rabbi
1467:
819:
767:
720:
499:
4078:
4076:
1385:
1164:
and the scholars of the academies, adding his letters to those sent by them to the communities of the
1076:
4364:
4008:
The Jewish History Resource Center - Project of the Dinur Center for Research in Jewish History, The
3277:, ed. Yosef Qafih (2nd edition), Mechon-Moshe: Kiryat-Ono 2010, s.v. Psalm 68:15–16 , p. 162 (Hebrew)
2367:
1900:
752:
630:
534:
408:
317:
181:
80:
2978:
1289:
However, Saadia assures his readers elsewhere that when he rendered translations for the twenty-odd
1117:
In 922, six years before Saadia was appointed Gaon of Babylonia, a controversy arose concerning the
4869:
4079:
940:
899:
595:
4080:
3999:
2657:
2632:
4513:
3789:
3647:
Extant portion of introduction published with English translation by S. Atlas and M. Perlmann in
2584:# 91 (note 2), p. 149, that what the inquirer incorrectly mentioned under the Old French name of
1338:, improperly translated as "unicorn" in some English translations, is a word that is now used in
685:
204:
20:
4077:
4848:
4723:
4025:
3896:
Stroumsa, Sarah (2003). "Saadya and Jewish kalam". In Frank, Daniel H.; Leaman, Oliver (eds.).
2229:
2080:
715:
655:
625:
385:
322:
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4178:
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3527:
http://hebrew-academy.huji.ac.il/al_haakademya/haverim/haverimbeavar/Pages/yehudaratsabi.aspx
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1351:
1262:, in its original Judeo-Arabic, although by the early 20th-century, only fragments survived.
971:
873:
665:
635:
529:
3742:
3686:
3584:
3223:
5:1, where it is proven that a dead frog is not the same as one of the dead creeping things.
1080:
4838:
4432:
4104:
4081:
3635:
3567:
1949:), he has done what no other medieval writer has done before him, bringing down a biblical
1279:
1125:(around 359 CE), the calendar had been based on a series of rules (described more fully in
975:
777:
519:
484:
367:
2906:(in Hebrew). Translated by Yosef Qafih. Kiryat Ono: Mekhkon Mishnat ha-Rambam. p. 5.
1059:
In 921, Saadia triumphed over Gaon Aaron ben Meïr over the latter's introduction of a new
982:, the famous ascetic of the first century. Saadia expressed this claim by calling his son
8:
4905:
4518:
3359:
English translation "goddesses" follows the Aramaic Targum of Psalm 16:4, where the word
3207:
As for "frogs" and "toads," according to Maimonides (Mishnah commentary, Introduction to
2592:
in Leviticus 11:30, the original meaning of the word is none other that chameleon lizard.
2480:
1146:
782:
267:
135:
90:
3655:. Hebrew translation thereof as well as Saadya Gaon's Judeo-Arabic translation by Rabbi
898:
represents the first systematic attempt to integrate Jewish theology with components of
4828:
4798:
4523:
4452:
4379:
4369:
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3098:
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2301:
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1580:
1233:
1106:
1053:
1036:
1005:
932:
792:
787:
757:
710:
690:
539:
514:
292:
262:
219:
3341:(in Hebrew). Jerusalem, New-York: American Academy of Jewish Studies. pp. 19–21.
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3012:
3005:
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2907:
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2712:
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2363:
2159:
1985:
1217:
1138:
952:
885:
866:
680:
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575:
509:
504:
337:
312:
272:
116:
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3339:
The Book of Psalms, with a Translation and Commentary by Rabbi Saadia ben Yosef Gaon
1142:
990:
4843:
4728:
4694:
4589:
4579:
4538:
4324:
4299:
4208:
4142:
4061:
3962:
3940:
Masliyah, Sadok (1979–1980). "Saadia Gaon's Arabic Version of the Book of Isaiah".
3919:
3508:
PROVERBS 10-31, Volume 18 - Michael V. Fox - Yale University Press 2009 - 704 pages
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2787:
2645:
2397:
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2120:
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1283:
1213:
1173:
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1102:
1087:
1072:
1049:
907:
747:
695:
390:
332:
297:
287:
277:
244:
3309:
Leader's Project: Studies in the Philosophical and Exegetical Works of Saadya Gaon
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2018:
2001:
1786:
1770:
1763:
1206:
1165:
1118:
1060:
1045:
983:
979:
903:
877:
705:
554:
446:
362:
352:
100:
2213:
Saadia's works were the inspiration and basis for later Jewish writers, such as
4879:
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4635:
4447:
4224:
3994:
3784:
2805:
2451:
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1941:
1711:
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1310:
1290:
1244:
1041:
772:
640:
610:
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544:
524:
342:
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3468:
3259:
Rabbi Saadia Gaon's reference here is to the lizard that is called in Arabic:
2737:
Saadya and Jewish Kalam: The Cambridge Companion to Medieval Jewish Philosophy
2707:
A Short History of the Jewish People: From Legendary Times to Modern Statehood
4894:
4329:
4319:
4047:
3779:
3711:
3444:
3427:
3393:
3388:. Kiryat-Ono: Makhon Moshe (Makhon Mishnat haRambam). p. 74 (Ps. 16:4).
3346:
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3300:
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2885:
2830:
2359:
2225:
2141:
1913:
1339:
1229:
1134:
1068:
762:
645:
620:
4014:
2577:
4738:
4398:
4390:
4051:
3287:
Tobi, Yosef (1984). "Sa'adia's Biblical Exegesis and his Poetic Practice".
2932:
2818:
2653:
2333:
1294:
1095:
1016:
993:
has been preserved saying that he was compelled to leave Egypt and died in
960:
928:
889:
700:
549:
282:
234:
3009:
2963:
2186:
is of importance for the history of civilization; itself a product of the
1030:
At the age of 20, Saadia began composing his first great work, the Hebrew
4229:
3758:
3738:
3682:
3656:
3631:
3614:
3580:
3563:
3546:
3411:
3385:
3191:
2563:
2187:
2128:
2066:
based on the phonetic similarity of its Arabic name with the Hebrew. The
2026:
In another apparent deviation from Talmudic tradition, where the Talmud (
1530:
1304:
1194:
1186:
1130:
970:, stresses his Jewish lineage, claiming to belong to the noble family of
650:
615:
428:
347:
307:
165:
69:
3949:
3778: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
2232:) as "the honesty of their behavior and their success", rather than the
1023:, derived from a contemporary identification of Fayum with the Biblical
4874:
3863:
3822:
3652:
3649:
Proceedings of the American Academy for Jewish Research, Vol. 14 (1944)
3648:
3275:
Sefer Tehillim - with a Translation and Commentary of Rabbi Saadia Gaon
3129:
3094:
3047:
2990:
2944:
2665:
2566:
and Zohar Amar correct the Judeo-Arabic text to read "אלחרבא" (Arabic:
2293:
Iyyov (Book of Job) (translated to English by Dr. Goodman), and Mishlei
1431:
1347:
1240:
1126:
1031:
944:
675:
461:
451:
357:
327:
302:
224:
150:
3016:
2970:
872:
Saadia is the first important rabbinic figure to write extensively in
2233:
2214:
2124:
2123:
and doubtless derived from Saadia's son Dosa, Saadia himself died in
2115:
1835:
1675:
1300:
1201:
1122:
998:
466:
229:
160:
155:
3704:
Book of Beliefs & Opinions (Sefer ha-Nivḥar ba-emunot uva-deʻot)
3550:
3522:
2904:
Book of Beliefs & Opinions (Sefer ha-Nivḥar ba-emunot uva-deʻot)
4699:
3183:
2843:
Laws of the Sanctification of the Moon, chs. 6-10, written c. 1170.
2373:
2337:
2286:
Tehillim (Judeo-Arabic translation and commentary, which he called
2163:
1950:
1091:
1064:
948:
936:
862:
559:
239:
888:, he was a practitioner of the philosophical school known as the "
4029:
3630:
Hebrew translation along with the original Judeo-Arabic by Rabbi
3613:
Hebrew translation along with the original Judeo-Arabic by Rabbi
3579:
Hebrew translation along with the original Judeo-Arabic by Rabbi
3187:
2649:
2341:
2257:
1482:
1389:
881:
456:
2711:(Illustrated ed.). Oxford University Press US. p. 80.
2450:
A refutation directed against the rationalistic Biblical critic
1086:
In the year 928, at the age of thirty-six (variant: forty-six),
4403:
4120:
3195:
3179:
3162:
3158:
2457:"Kitab al-Shara'i'," or "Book of the Commandments of Religion."
2091:
2055:
2009:
1997:
1990:
1248:
1157:
1024:
1012:
924:
854:
802:
50:
4074:
3488:ספר חסידים - יהודה בן שמואל, החסיד, 1146-1217 (page 73 of 228)
4763:
3562:
Hebrew translation along with original Judeo-Arabic by Rabbi
3545:
Hebrew translation along with original Judeo-Arabic by Rabbi
3166:
3023:, Mossad Harav Kook: Jerusalem 1984, p. 125 (note 7) (Hebrew)
2409:
2249:
2207:
2183:
1422:
1271:
1193:
Under his leadership, the ancient academy of Sura founded by
1150:
994:
850:
186:
54:
4020:
2366:. An Arabic methodology of the Talmud is also mentioned, by
4019:
Torah- Original Commentary in Arabic By Rabbi Saadia Gaon,
1850:
1597:
1350:" and writes there the Judeo-Arabic word for the creature (
1343:
858:
3916:
Saadya Gaon. The Double Path of the Mystic and Rationalist
3619:
https://www.otzar.org/wotzar/book.aspx?149875&lang=eng
3481:
2094:(around October), for which reason the Talmud says: "When
1362:
4089:
3900:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 71–90.
3743:
https://www.otzar.org/wotzar/book.aspx?23506&lang=eng
3687:
https://www.otzar.org/wotzar/book.aspx?12163&lang=eng
3585:
https://www.otzar.org/wotzar/book.aspx?24835&lang=eng
2739:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 71–90.
2370:, as a work of Saadia under the title "Kelale ha-Talmud".
1964:הָהָר חָמַד אֱלהִים לְשִׁבְתּוֹ. אַף יי' יִשְׁכּן לָנֶצַח
1254:
Saadia's Judeo-Arabic translation of the Pentateuch, the
1098:, a position which he held for 14 years until his death.
1040:. At 23, he composed a polemic against the followers of
3636:
https://www.otzar.org/wotzar/book.aspx?7871&lang=eng
3568:
https://www.otzar.org/wotzar/book.aspx?8066&lang=eng
3761:(editor), Jerusalem 1972, p. 46 (Hebrew / Judeo-Arabic)
3077:
3075:
3073:
3071:
3069:
3067:
2454:, whose views were rejected by the Karaites themselves;
2158:
A street sign at the intersection of Se’adya Ga’on and
2852:
Yuchasin, section 3, account by Nathan the Babylonian.
1243:, as well as the liturgical poems composed by him for
997:, probably during Saadia's prolonged residence in the
939:
under the scholar Abu Kathir Yaḥya al-Katib (known as
3898:
The Cambridge Companion to Medieval Jewish Philosophy
1960:הַר אֱלהִים הַר בָּשָׁן. הַר גַּבְנֻנִּים הַר בָּשָׁן
1346:." However, Saadia understood the same word to mean "
1121:, that threatened the entire Jewish community. Since
3517:
Translated into Hebrew by Professor Yehuda Ratzaby (
3178:
By saying, "after its kind," it would include rats (
3064:
2880:(in Hebrew). Tel-Aviv: E'eleh betamar. p. 190.
2483:(Hebrew translations of several Saadia Gaon's works)
2224:
Saadia likewise identifies the definitive trait of "
2085:
1379:
1329:
1270:
As much as Saadia's Judeo-Arabic translation of the
4006:
Resources > Medieval Jewish History > Geonica
3726:
Linguistic Comments in Saadia's Biblical Commentary
1396:Comparative study of Saadia's translations for the
3416:Rabbi Saadia Gaon's Commentaries on the Pentateuch
3211:), both reptiles are generically called in Hebrew
3021:Rabbi Saadia Gaon's Commentaries on the Pentateuch
2975:Rabbi Saadia Gaon's Commentaries on the Pentateuch
2704:
3868:Herald of Destiny: The Story of the Jews 750-1650
3858:. London: Secker & Warburg. pp. 433–440.
3125:
3123:
3121:
3119:
3117:
3115:
3113:
3111:
3082:Sefer Targum La'az (Translation of Foreign Words)
2680:in 882 (See: Abraham Firkovich, Hebrew Newspaper
2422:, an Arabic translation of and commentary on the
4892:
3956:
3929:, (Litman Library of Jewish Civilization, 2013).
3043:
3041:
3039:
3037:
3035:
3033:
3031:
3029:
2344:. This small work has been frequently reprinted.
2329:, “The Book of Eloquent Language of the Hebrews”
2054:, Saadia in his Judeo-Arabic translation of the
1282:, has found him at variance with some scholars.
1063:of Torah reading that also changed the dates of
3846:Salo W. Baron, "Saadia's communal activities",
2925:Abraham ibn Ezra's Commentary of the Pentateuch
1052:. In the same year, he left Egypt and moved to
902:. Saadia was also very active in opposition to
3108:
2530:("our Rabbi Saadia Gaon"), often abbreviated
1939:In Saadia's translation and commentary on the
1212:Hasan was forced to flee and died in exile in
4105:
3939:
3439:
3437:
3026:
2304:into Judeo-Arabic and wrote an introduction.
1027:, an identification found in Saadia's works.
935:in 915 at the age of 23, where he studied in
827:
19:"Saadia" redirects here. For other uses, see
3870:. Brooklyn, NY: Shaar Press. pp. 4–12.
3260:
3245:
3054:, Mekhon Moshe: Kiryat-Ono 2016, pp. 13, 66
2871:
2869:
2867:
2817:
2696:
2609:Jews in Islamic countries in the Middle Ages
2606:
2567:
2362:, preserved only in a Hebrew translation by
892:". In this capacity, his philosophical work
3959:Senses of Scripture, Treasures of Tradition
3783:
3698:
3519:http://www.virtualgeula.com/moshe/catd1.jpg
3406:
3306:
3105:, species that were once endemic to Israel.
2898:
2521:סַעֲדְיָה בֶּן יוֹסֵף אַלְפַיּוּמִי גָּאוֹן
2134:
4112:
4098:
3434:
2702:
2607:Gil, Moshe & Strassler, David (2004).
1133:. One of these rules required the date of
1129:' Code) rather than on observation of the
834:
820:
5001:Burials at the Old Jewish Cemetery, Safed
4315:Mattithiah ha-Kohen b. Ravrevay b. Hanina
4015:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry
3084:, Israel Gukovitzki, London 1992, p. 140.
2864:
2391:
2239:
2114:The fourteen years which Saadia spent in
3895:
3659:, appended to Kafih's edition of Daniel.
3596:Published in the Yale Judaica Series as
2977:, Mossad Harav Kook: Jerusalem 1984, p.
2878:Yalqut Teman - Lexicon of Yemenite Jewry
2876:Tobi, Yosef; Seri, Shalom, eds. (2000).
2875:
2734:
2588:(slug), based on Rashi's translation of
2169:
2153:
2090:) is a bird that harbingers rain in the
1265:
1112:
951:. In 926, Saadia settled permanently in
3757:(with Rabbi Saadia Gaon's Commentary),
3653:Saadia on the Scroll of the Hasmonaeans
3136:, Mekhon Moshe: Kiryat-Ono 2016, p. 12
2217:in his encyclopedic philosophical work
447:Maimonidean / Anti-Maimonidean
4893:
3443:
3376:
3333:
2358:A commentary on the thirteen rules of
2030:63a) names a biblical species of fowl
1962:לָמָּה תְּרַצְדוּן הָרִים גַּבְנֻנִּים
1179:
4473:Bebai ha-Levi ben Abba of Nehar Pekod
4093:
3418:(in Hebrew) (4 ed.). Jerusalem:
2430:
2307:
1011:refers to Saadia's native place, the
4966:Translators of the Bible into Arabic
4600:Israel ha-Kohen ben Samuel ben Hofni
3944:. 20/21. University of Utah: 80–87.
3862:
3853:
3286:
2997:, Rubin Mass Ltd.: Jerusalem, p. 59
2951:, Rubin Mass Ltd.: Jerusalem, p. 58
2413:
2348:
2016: in Exo. 30:34 (explained in
1971:Why leap ye, ye hunchback mountains?
1355:
4000:SAADIA B. JOSEPH (Sa'id al-Fayyumi)
3961:. Leiden: Brill. pp. 485–508.
3856:Leo Baeck Institute Year Book XXXIV
3261:
3246:
2633:SAADIA B. JOSEPH (Sa'id al-Fayyumi)
2568:
2524:Saʿăḏyā ben Yōsēf ʾal-Fayyūmī Gāʾōn
2520:
2509:
2182:Saadia's Arabic translation of the
2075:
2046:) and says that it is the colorful
2043:
2005:
1372:
1322:
978:, and counting among his ancestors
13:
4651:Daniel ben Eleazer ben Hibat Allah
3933:
3295:. Ohio State University: 241–257.
2385:Kitāb jāmiʿ al-ṣalawāt wal-tasābīḥ
1168:(922). In Babylonia, he wrote his
1137:to be postponed if the calculated
1019:; in Hebrew, it is often given as
14:
5012:
4585:Zemah Tzedek ben Paltoi ben Issac
4002:, jewishencyclopedia.com; Article
3984:
3886:The Book of Doctrines and Beliefs
3787:; et al., eds. (1901–1906).
3728:(Abstract), Haifa University 2017
3551:https://www.hebrewbooks.org/39855
3244:Or what is also spelt in Arabic:
2635:, jewishencyclopedia.com; Article
2327:Kitāb faṣīḥ lughat al-‘ibrāniyyīn
1141:occurred at noon or later. Rabbi
4666:Isaac ben Israel Ibn al-Shuwaykh
3793:. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
3773:
3157:is a generic term including the
2402:Kitāb al-amānāt wa-al-iʿatiqādāt
1658:southern white-breasted hedgehog
1309:his translation was based on an
947:or theologian also mentioned by
923:Saadia was born in Dilāẓ in the
895:The Book of Beliefs and Opinions
849:(882/892 – 942) was a prominent
123:
4991:Jewish translators of the Bible
3840:Saadia Gaon: His life and works
3748:
3731:
3718:
3692:
3675:
3662:
3641:
3624:
3607:
3590:
3573:
3556:
3539:
3511:
3502:
3475:
3400:
3370:
3353:
3327:
3280:
3268:
3253:
3238:
3226:
3201:
3172:
3147:
3087:
2984:
2938:
2918:
2892:
2855:
2846:
2837:
2823:The Iggeres of Rav Sherira Gaon
2811:
2798:
2780:
2703:Scheindlin, Raymond P. (2000).
2662:Saadia Gaon: His life and works
2556:
2149:
959:", where he became a member of
4345:Kohen Tzedek Kahana ben Joseph
4010:Hebrew University of Jerusalem
3523:Machon MosHe 2003 Catalog List
3483:Judah ben Samuel of Regensburg
2764:
2753:
2728:
2687:
2664:(1921) 421–428. Jacob Mann, "
2638:
2626:
2611:. Leiden: Brill. p. 348.
2600:
2499:
2481:Rabbi Yosef Qafih: Saadia Gaon
2105:
391:Mansur ibn Sulayman al-Ghamari
1:
3767:
3685:on pages 8-9 of his edition (
3450:Work and Customs in Palestine
2526:; alternative English names:
2226:a cock girded about the loins
918:
44:
4951:Medieval Jewish philosophers
4936:10th-century Egyptian rabbis
4839:Sar Shalom ben Moses ha-Levi
4819:Masliah ben Solomon ha-Cohen
4809:Abiathar ben Elijah ha-Cohen
4554:Hilai ben Natronai ben Hilai
4509:Mesharsheya Kahana ben Jacob
4468:Mari ha-Levi ben Mesharsheya
4443:Mari ha-Kohen of Nehar Pekod
4310:Menahem ben Joseph ben Hiyya
3553:but missing pages רמד-רמה ).
3307:Ben-Shammai, Haggai (2015).
2792:www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org
2666:A fihrist of Sa'adya's works
2552:Saadia ben Joseph Al-Fayyumi
2406:Book of Beliefs and Opinions
1363:
1228:Saadia's influence upon the
1223:
913:
606:Eliezer ben Elijah Ashkenazi
7:
4916:10th-century Abbasid rabbis
4814:Solomon ben Elijah ha-Cohen
4804:Elijah ben Solomon ha-Cohen
4789:Solomon ben Joseph ha-Cohen
4661:Isaac ben al-Awani ha-Cohen
4646:Eleazer ben Hillel ben Fahd
4621:Isaac ben Moses ben Sukkari
4605:Azariah ha-Kohen ben Israel
4483:Jacob ha-Kohen ben Mordecai
4041:Yom-Tob Kahana ben R. Jacob
3828:The Jewish Quarterly Review
3670:Or Rišon Beḥokhmat ha-Lašon
3384:(in Hebrew). Translated by
3337:(1966). Yosef Qafih (ed.).
2670:The Jewish Quarterly Review
2474:
2268:
2221:(The Book of Compilation).
2179:language of the holy text.
2139:An anecdote is reported in
2086:
2012:, such as the Hebrew words
1380:
1330:
10:
5017:
4769:Samuel ben Joseph ha-Cohen
4676:Samuel ben Daniel ha-Cohen
4245:Huna ben ha-Levi ben Isaac
4240:Haninai Kahana ben Abraham
4235:Haninai Kahana ben Abraham
4119:
2513:Saʿīd bin Yūsuf al-Fayyūmi
2174:Sign on Saadia Gaon street
1468:Middle East blind mole-rat
721:Menachem Mendel Schneerson
601:Elijah Ba'al Shem of Chelm
18:
4961:Rabbis of Academy of Sura
4911:10th-century philosophers
4870:Mar Isaac of Firuz Shabur
4862:
4834:Netanel ben Moses ha-Levi
4824:Moses ben Netanel ha-Levi
4759:Joseph ben Ezrun ha-Cohen
4719:Pinhas ben Jacob ha-Cohen
4708:
4684:
4656:Hibat Allah ben Abil Rabi
4613:
4388:
4365:Nehemiah ben Kohen Tzedek
4340:Mebasser Kahana ben Kimoi
4270:Abumai Kahana ben Abraham
4127:
4058:
4045:
4037:
3967:10.1163/9789004347403_021
3848:Saadia Anniversary Volume
2548:Saadia ben Joseph of Faym
2244:In his commentary on the
2228:" within Proverbs 30:31 (
2102:) comes into the world."
2013:
1958:
1901:Mediterranean house gecko
1881:
1814:
1742:
1690:
1625:
1559:
1511:
1448:
931:in 892. He immigrated to
876:. Known for his works on
631:Simcha Bunim of Peshischa
424:Hibat Allah Abu'l-Barakat
182:Aristobulus of Alexandria
96:
86:
81:Safed Old Jewish Cemetery
76:
62:
40:
32:
28:
4794:Solomon ben Judah (Gaon)
4774:Jose ben Samuel ha-Cohen
4734:Aaron ben Moses ben Meir
4569:Yom-Tob Kahana ben Jacob
4418:(Mesharsheya b. Tahlifa)
4163:Huna Mari ben Mar Joseph
4153:Rav Rabbah (Rava, Ravah)
3823:Life and works of Saadia
3311:(in Hebrew). Jerusalem:
2735:Stroumsa, Sarah (2003).
2492:
2263:
2135:Mention in Sefer Hasidim
1979:Saadia Gaon's Commentary
941:Eli ben Yehudah ha-Nazir
900:ancient Greek philosophy
596:Joseph Solomon Delmedigo
4996:Jewish liturgical poets
4956:Philosophers of Judaism
4614:Later Babylonian Geonim
4514:Kohen Tzedek ben Abimai
4463:Haninai Kahana ben Huna
4458:Ahhunai Kahana ben Papa
4265:Kahana ben Haninai Gaon
4255:Isaiah ha-Levi ben Abba
4215:Hananya ben Mesharsheya
3790:The Jewish Encyclopedia
3755:Sefer Yetzirah Hashalem
3019:(Hebrew); Yosef Qafih,
2973:(Hebrew); Yosef Qafih,
2861:Letter of Sherira Gaon.
1075:, in his commentary on
30:Rabbeinu Saʿadiah Gaon
21:Saadia (disambiguation)
4849:Sar Shalom ben Abraham
4724:Jehoshaphat ben Josiah
4641:Zechariah ben Berakhel
4422:Hanina of Nehar Pekkod
4305:Aha Kahana ben Mar Rav
4199:Natroi Kahana b. Emuna
3991:Lecture on Saadia Gaon
2935:), in Leviticus 11:13.
2528:Rabbeinu Saʿadiah Gaon
2420:Tafsīr Kitāb al-Mabādī
2392:Philosophy of religion
2240:Relations to mysticism
2175:
2167:
1982:
1314:their related kinds."
1015:, which is located in
865:who was active in the
847:Saʿadia ben Yosef Gaon
656:Isaac Orobio de Castro
626:Shneur Zalman of Liadi
323:Shem-Tov ibn Falaquera
4976:Grammarians of Hebrew
4946:Egyptian philosophers
4754:Aaron ha-Cohen (Gaon)
4700:Chushiel ben Elchanan
4179:Natronai ben Nehemiah
3549:(available online at
2723:saadia arabic jewish.
2381:Siddur of Saadia Gaon
2173:
2157:
1984:Saadia's approach to
1955:
1578:Spiny-tailed lizard (
1400:of Leviticus, ch. 11
1398:Eight Creeping Things
1367:). He interprets the
1266:Method of translation
1247:, the seventh day of
1113:Dispute with Ben Meir
943:in Hebrew), a Jewish
666:Samuel David Luzzatto
636:Samson Raphael Hirsch
257:Spanish and European:
225:Ibn Bajjah (Avempace)
4981:Judeo-Arabic writers
4433:Jacob of Nehar Pekod
4355:Hananiah ben Yehudai
4285:Joseph ben Mar Hiyya
4158:Rav Bosai (Bostanai)
3598:The Book of Theodicy
3315:. pp. 336–373.
3289:Hebrew Annual Review
2684:- 1868, Issue 26–27)
2510:سعيد بن يوسف الفيومي
1761:Fringe-toed lizard (
1280:priestly breastplate
1260:Beliefs and Opinions
955:, known to Jews as "
368:Judah Leon Abravanel
4971:Linguists of Hebrew
4519:Sar Shalom ben Boaz
4280:Abraham ben Sherira
4250:Manasseh ben Joseph
4194:Samuel ben Mar Mari
4021:Project Saadia Gaon
3153:In Greek, the word
2777:- 1868, Issue 26–27
2773:, Hebrew Newspaper
1401:
1180:Appointment as Gaon
1147:Palestinian Gaonate
798:Microcosm–macrocosm
716:Joseph Soloveitchik
386:Natan'el al-Fayyumi
187:Philo of Alexandria
111:Part of a series on
91:Medieval philosophy
4986:People from Faiyum
4941:Medieval Hebraists
4921:Bible commentators
4901:9th-century births
4829:Abraham ben Mazhir
4799:Daniel ben Azariah
4564:Jacob ben Natronai
4559:Shalom ben Mishael
4524:Natronai ben Hilai
4499:Hilai ben Hananiah
4290:Isaac ben Hananiah
3914:Gyongyi Hegedeus,
3532:2014-08-31 at the
3099:Mustela subpalmata
2995:Flora of the Bible
2949:Flora of the Bible
2431:Polemical writings
2308:Hebrew linguistics
2302:Megillat Antiochus
2300:Saadia translated
2254:creation ex nihilo
2230:Douay–Rheims Bible
2176:
2168:
2048:European bee-eater
1833:Chameleon lizard (
1581:Uromastyx aegyptia
1408:Leviticus 11:29–30
1395:
1342:to represent the "
1107:Natronai ben Hilai
1105:, the grandson of
878:Hebrew linguistics
711:Abraham Isaac Kook
691:Monsieur Chouchani
293:Joseph ibn Tzaddik
263:Hasdai ibn Shaprut
230:Ismaili philosophy
220:Brethren of Purity
16:10th-century rabbi
4931:Jewish apologists
4888:
4887:
4749:Abraham ben Aaron
4671:Ali ben Zechariah
4574:Saadia ben Joseph
4534:Nahshon ben Zadok
4495:(Issac ben Jesse)
4360:Aaron ibn Sargado
4130:Pumbedita Academy
4088:
4087:
4068:
4067:
4059:Succeeded by
3976:978-90-04-34716-8
3907:978-0-521-65207-0
3866:(November 1993).
3806:Missing or empty
3799:cite encyclopedia
3672:, Jerusalem 1997.
3420:Mossad Harav Kook
3142:978-965-90818-9-9
3060:978-965-90818-9-9
3003:978-965-09-0308-7
2957:978-965-09-0308-7
2771:Abraham Firkovich
2746:978-0-521-65207-0
2574:Abraham ben David
2544:Saadia ben Joseph
2487:Jewish philosophy
2349:Halakhic writings
2084:
2033:
2032:(Leviticus 11:18)
1986:rabbinic exegesis
1937:
1936:
1893:
1877:
1826:
1810:
1754:
1738:
1702:
1686:
1637:
1621:
1571:
1555:
1523:
1507:
1460:
1444:
1437:
1428:
1419:
1409:
1378:
1361:
1336:Deuteronomy 33:17
1328:
1308:
1293:mentioned in the
1218:Aaron ibn Sargado
1149:(then located in
1139:lunar conjunction
953:Lower Mesopotamia
886:Jewish philosophy
867:Abbasid Caliphate
861:philosopher, and
844:
843:
681:Eliezer Berkovits
671:Elijah Benamozegh
661:Moses Mendelssohn
576:Francisco Sanches
535:Reconstructionist
338:Isaac ben Sheshet
333:Moses of Narbonne
313:Samuel ibn Tibbon
273:Abraham bar Hiyya
117:Jewish philosophy
106:
105:
5008:
4844:Ezra ben Abraham
4784:Josiah ben Aaron
4729:Semah ben Josiah
4695:Jacob ben Nissim
4687:Kairouan Academy
4590:Samuel ben Hofni
4580:Joseph ben Jacob
4539:Zemah ben Hayyim
4428:Hillai of Naresh
4350:Zemah ben Kafnai
4325:Zemah ben Paltoi
4300:Paltoi ben Abaye
4260:Joseph ben Shila
4209:Dodai ben Nahman
4143:Mari ben R. Dimi
4114:
4107:
4100:
4091:
4090:
4070:
4069:
4062:Joseph ben Jacob
4038:Preceded by
4035:
4034:
3980:
3953:
3911:
3881:
3859:
3815:
3809:
3804:
3802:
3794:
3777:
3776:
3762:
3752:
3746:
3735:
3729:
3722:
3716:
3715:
3696:
3690:
3679:
3673:
3666:
3660:
3645:
3639:
3628:
3622:
3611:
3605:
3594:
3588:
3577:
3571:
3560:
3554:
3543:
3537:
3515:
3509:
3506:
3500:
3499:
3497:
3495:
3479:
3473:
3472:
3441:
3432:
3431:
3404:
3398:
3397:
3374:
3368:
3357:
3351:
3350:
3331:
3325:
3324:
3313:Bialik Institute
3304:
3284:
3278:
3272:
3266:
3264:
3263:
3257:
3251:
3249:
3248:
3242:
3236:
3230:
3224:
3215:, but in Arabic
3205:
3199:
3176:
3170:
3151:
3145:
3127:
3106:
3097:, thought to be
3091:
3085:
3079:
3062:
3045:
3024:
2988:
2982:
2942:
2936:
2922:
2916:
2915:
2896:
2890:
2889:
2873:
2862:
2859:
2853:
2850:
2844:
2841:
2835:
2834:
2815:
2809:
2802:
2796:
2795:
2784:
2778:
2768:
2762:
2757:
2751:
2750:
2732:
2726:
2725:
2710:
2700:
2694:
2691:
2685:
2678:Sefer Ha-Iggaron
2646:Abraham ibn Daud
2642:
2636:
2630:
2624:
2622:
2604:
2593:
2571:
2570:
2560:
2554:
2540:Saadia b. Joseph
2522:
2511:
2503:
2398:Emunoth ve-Deoth
2325:, also known as
2204:Abraham ibn Ezra
2121:Abraham ibn Daud
2098:arrives, mercy (
2089:
2079:
2077:
2064:Egyptian vulture
2045:
2031:
2015:
2007:
1980:
1966:
1947:Kitāb al-Tasābiḥ
1887:
1883:
1875:
1820:
1816:
1808:
1748:
1744:
1736:
1696:
1692:
1684:
1631:
1627:
1619:
1565:
1561:
1553:
1517:
1513:
1505:
1454:
1450:
1442:
1435:
1426:
1417:
1407:
1402:
1394:
1386:Deuteronomy 14:5
1383:
1377:romanized:
1376:
1374:
1366:
1360:romanized:
1359:
1357:
1333:
1327:romanized:
1326:
1324:
1303:11:13–19;
1298:
1284:Abraham ibn Ezra
1214:Greater Khorasan
1162:David ben Zakkai
1103:Joseph ben Jacob
1088:David ben Zakkai
1073:Abraham ibn Ezra
1050:Rabbinic Judaism
988:Palestinian gaon
908:Rabbinic Judaism
836:
829:
822:
739:
696:Emmanuel Levinas
487:
318:Joseph ben Judah
298:Abraham ibn Ezra
288:Abraham ibn Daud
278:Bahya ibn Paquda
245:Rabbinic Judaism
207:
138:
127:
108:
107:
46:
34:
33:רבינו סעדיה גאון
26:
25:
5016:
5015:
5011:
5010:
5009:
5007:
5006:
5005:
4891:
4890:
4889:
4884:
4858:
4704:
4680:
4609:
4595:Dosa ben Saadia
4549:Hai ben Nahshon
4384:
4335:Kimoi ben Ahhai
4295:Joseph ben Abba
4275:Joseph ben Abba
4225:Rabba ben Dodai
4168:Hiyya of Meshan
4148:Rav Hana (Huna)
4138:Hanan of Iskiya
4123:
4118:
4084:
4082:
4064:
4055:
4043:
3987:
3977:
3936:
3934:Further reading
3908:
3878:
3834:(1893) 177–199.
3807:
3805:
3796:
3795:
3785:Singer, Isidore
3774:
3770:
3765:
3753:
3749:
3736:
3732:
3723:
3719:
3697:
3693:
3680:
3676:
3667:
3663:
3646:
3642:
3629:
3625:
3612:
3608:
3595:
3591:
3578:
3574:
3561:
3557:
3544:
3540:
3534:Wayback Machine
3516:
3512:
3507:
3503:
3493:
3491:
3480:
3476:
3461:
3460:9789950385-00-9
3442:
3435:
3405:
3401:
3375:
3371:
3358:
3354:
3332:
3328:
3285:
3281:
3273:
3269:
3258:
3254:
3243:
3239:
3231:
3227:
3206:
3202:
3177:
3173:
3152:
3148:
3134:Shmona Shratzim
3128:
3109:
3103:Mustela nivalis
3092:
3088:
3080:
3065:
3052:Shmona Shratzim
3046:
3027:
2989:
2985:
2943:
2939:
2923:
2919:
2897:
2893:
2874:
2865:
2860:
2856:
2851:
2847:
2842:
2838:
2816:
2812:
2803:
2799:
2786:
2785:
2781:
2769:
2765:
2758:
2754:
2747:
2733:
2729:
2719:
2701:
2697:
2693:Bar Ilan CD-ROM
2692:
2688:
2643:
2639:
2631:
2627:
2619:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2596:
2561:
2557:
2504:
2500:
2495:
2477:
2442:Japheth ha-Levi
2433:
2394:
2351:
2322:Kutub al-Lughah
2310:
2288:Kitāb al-tasbiḥ
2271:
2266:
2242:
2152:
2137:
2108:
1981:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1932:
1926:
1912:
1908:
1899:
1886:
1876:Leviticus 11:30
1869:
1863:
1849:
1845:
1832:
1819:
1809:Leviticus 11:30
1802:
1796:
1783:
1779:
1768:
1764:Acanthodactylus
1760:
1747:
1737:Leviticus 11:30
1730:
1724:
1708:
1695:
1685:Leviticus 11:30
1672:
1666:
1656:
1652:
1643:
1630:
1620:Leviticus 11:30
1613:
1607:
1594:
1590:
1577:
1564:
1554:Leviticus 11:29
1547:
1541:
1529:
1516:
1506:Leviticus 11:29
1499:
1493:
1479:
1475:
1466:
1453:
1443:Leviticus 11:29
1434:
1425:
1416:
1406:
1307:14:12–18)
1268:
1226:
1182:
1170:Sefer haMo'adim
1166:Jewish diaspora
1119:Hebrew calendar
1115:
1081:Leviticus 23:15
1061:triennial cycle
1046:Karaite Judaism
980:Hanina ben Dosa
921:
916:
904:Karaite Judaism
840:
811:
810:
807:
740:
737:
730:
729:
726:
725:
706:Gershom Scholem
686:Eliyahu Dessler
565:
564:
488:
483:
476:
475:
472:
471:
434:
433:
396:
395:
373:
372:
363:Isaac Abarbanel
353:Elia del Medigo
250:
249:
208:
203:
196:
195:
192:
191:
171:
170:
139:
134:
101:Dosa ben Saadia
72:
67:
58:
48:
36:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5014:
5004:
5003:
4998:
4993:
4988:
4983:
4978:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4886:
4885:
4883:
4882:
4880:Simeon Kayyara
4877:
4872:
4866:
4864:
4860:
4859:
4857:
4856:
4851:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4744:Aaron ben Meir
4741:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4715:
4713:
4711:Land of Israel
4709:Geonim in the
4706:
4705:
4703:
4702:
4697:
4691:
4689:
4682:
4681:
4679:
4678:
4673:
4668:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4636:Samuel ben Ali
4633:
4631:Solomon (Gaon)
4628:
4623:
4617:
4615:
4611:
4610:
4608:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4504:Kimoi ben Ashi
4501:
4496:
4493:Zadok ben Ashi
4490:
4485:
4480:
4478:Hilai ben Mari
4475:
4470:
4465:
4460:
4455:
4450:
4445:
4440:
4435:
4430:
4425:
4419:
4413:
4407:
4401:
4395:
4393:
4386:
4385:
4383:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4206:
4204:Abraham Kahana
4201:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4134:
4132:
4125:
4124:
4117:
4116:
4109:
4102:
4094:
4086:
4085:
4073:
4066:
4065:
4060:
4057:
4044:
4039:
4033:
4032:
4023:
4017:
4012:
4003:
3997:
3995:Henry Abramson
3986:
3985:External links
3983:
3982:
3981:
3975:
3954:
3942:Hebrew Studies
3935:
3932:
3931:
3930:
3927:Sa'adiyah Gaon
3925:Robert Brody,
3923:
3912:
3906:
3893:
3882:
3876:
3860:
3851:
3844:
3837:Henry Malter,
3835:
3819:M. Friedländer
3816:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3763:
3747:
3730:
3724:Ayelet Cohen,
3717:
3691:
3674:
3661:
3640:
3623:
3606:
3589:
3572:
3555:
3538:
3510:
3501:
3474:
3459:
3445:Dalman, Gustaf
3433:
3422:. p. 97.
3399:
3369:
3352:
3326:
3279:
3267:
3252:
3237:
3225:
3200:
3171:
3146:
3107:
3086:
3063:
3025:
2983:
2937:
2917:
2891:
2863:
2854:
2845:
2836:
2810:
2806:Herzog College
2797:
2779:
2763:
2752:
2745:
2727:
2717:
2695:
2686:
2637:
2625:
2617:
2598:
2595:
2594:
2555:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2490:
2489:
2484:
2476:
2473:
2472:
2471:
2464:
2461:
2458:
2455:
2452:Hiwi al-Balkhi
2448:
2445:
2438:
2432:
2429:
2428:
2427:
2424:Sefer Yetzirah
2417:
2393:
2390:
2389:
2388:
2377:
2371:
2364:Nahum Ma'arabi
2356:
2350:
2347:
2346:
2345:
2330:
2318:
2309:
2306:
2298:
2297:
2294:
2291:
2284:
2281:
2278:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2246:Sefer Yetzirah
2241:
2238:
2219:Sefer Hahibbur
2151:
2148:
2136:
2133:
2107:
2104:
1976:
1956:
1942:Book of Psalms
1935:
1934:
1921:
1903:
1894:
1878:
1872:
1871:
1858:
1840:
1827:
1811:
1805:
1804:
1791:
1774:
1755:
1739:
1733:
1732:
1719:
1716:
1709:Agama lizard (
1703:
1687:
1681:
1680:
1661:
1647:
1645:monitor lizard
1638:
1622:
1616:
1615:
1602:
1585:
1572:
1556:
1550:
1549:
1536:
1533:
1524:
1508:
1502:
1501:
1488:
1470:
1461:
1445:
1439:
1438:
1429:
1420:
1418:(Judeo-Arabic)
1413:
1410:
1311:oral tradition
1267:
1264:
1245:Hoshana Rabbah
1225:
1222:
1207:excommunicated
1181:
1178:
1172:, or "Book of
1156:Saadia was in
1145:, head of the
1143:Aaron ben Meïr
1114:
1111:
1048:in defense of
1042:Anan ben David
991:Aaron ben Meïr
968:Sefer ha-Galui
920:
917:
915:
912:
906:in defense of
842:
841:
839:
838:
831:
824:
816:
813:
812:
809:
808:
806:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
744:
741:
736:
735:
732:
731:
728:
727:
724:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
648:
643:
641:Jacob Abendana
638:
633:
628:
623:
618:
613:
611:Tzvi Ashkenazi
608:
603:
598:
593:
591:Salomon Maimon
588:
586:Baruch Spinoza
583:
581:Uriel da Costa
578:
572:
568:
566:
563:
562:
557:
552:
547:
542:
537:
532:
530:Existentialist
527:
522:
517:
512:
507:
502:
496:
492:
489:
482:
481:
478:
477:
474:
473:
470:
469:
464:
459:
454:
449:
443:
439:
436:
435:
432:
431:
426:
421:
416:
411:
405:
401:
398:
397:
394:
393:
388:
382:
378:
375:
374:
371:
370:
365:
360:
355:
350:
345:
343:Hasdai Crescas
340:
335:
330:
325:
320:
315:
310:
305:
300:
295:
290:
285:
280:
275:
270:
265:
259:
255:
252:
251:
248:
247:
242:
237:
232:
227:
222:
216:
214:Influenced by:
212:
209:
202:
201:
198:
197:
194:
193:
190:
189:
184:
178:
174:
172:
169:
168:
163:
158:
153:
147:
143:
140:
133:
132:
129:
128:
120:
119:
113:
112:
104:
103:
98:
94:
93:
88:
84:
83:
78:
74:
73:
68:
64:
60:
59:
49:
42:
38:
37:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5013:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4898:
4896:
4881:
4878:
4876:
4873:
4871:
4868:
4867:
4865:
4861:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4716:
4714:
4712:
4707:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4692:
4690:
4688:
4683:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4618:
4616:
4612:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:(Saadia Gaon)
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
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4380:Hezekiah Gaon
4378:
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4220:Malka ben Aha
4218:
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3998:
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3992:
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3884:Saadya Gaon,
3883:
3879:
3877:0-89906-237-7
3873:
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3830:
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3780:public domain
3772:
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3209:Seder Taharot
3204:
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3093:According to
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2793:
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2788:"Saadia Gaon"
2783:
2776:
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2767:
2761:
2756:
2748:
2742:
2738:
2731:
2724:
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2718:9780195139419
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2618:90-04-13882-X
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2360:Rabbi Ishmael
2357:
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2328:
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2209:
2205:
2200:
2196:
2192:
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2185:
2180:
2172:
2165:
2161:
2160:HaHashmona’im
2156:
2147:
2144:
2143:
2142:Sefer Hasidim
2132:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2103:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2088:
2082:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2041:
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2029:
2024:
2021:
2020:
2011:
2003:
1999:
1994:
1992:
1987:
1974:
1954:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1943:
1930:
1925:
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1915:
1911:
1907:
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1353:
1349:
1345:
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1340:Modern Hebrew
1337:
1332:
1320:
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1306:
1302:
1296:
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1230:Jews of Yemen
1221:
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1203:
1198:
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1191:
1188:
1177:
1175:
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1167:
1163:
1159:
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1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1135:Rosh Hashanah
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1110:
1108:
1104:
1099:
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1093:
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1069:Rosh Hashanah
1066:
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803:Righteousness
801:
799:
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781:
779:
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753:Chosen people
751:
749:
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742:
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719:
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652:
649:
647:
646:Isaac Cardoso
644:
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629:
627:
624:
622:
621:Samuel Hirsch
619:
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417:
415:
412:
410:
409:Isaac Israeli
407:
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389:
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82:
79:
75:
71:
65:
61:
56:
53:(present-day
52:
43:
39:
27:
22:
4779:Shemaya Gaon
4739:Isaac (Gaon)
4573:
4453:Yehudai Gaon
4399:Mar ben Huna
4391:Sura Academy
4370:Sherira Gaon
4052:Sura Academy
4046:
4026:Tafsir Rasag
3958:
3941:
3926:
3915:
3897:
3885:
3867:
3855:
3850:(1943) 9–74.
3847:
3838:
3831:
3826:
3808:|title=
3788:
3754:
3750:
3733:
3725:
3720:
3703:
3699:
3694:
3677:
3669:
3668:Aron Dotan,
3664:
3643:
3626:
3609:
3592:
3575:
3558:
3541:
3513:
3504:
3492:. Retrieved
3487:
3477:
3449:
3415:
3407:
3402:
3386:Qafih, Yosef
3381:
3377:
3372:
3364:
3363:is used for
3360:
3355:
3338:
3334:
3329:
3308:
3292:
3288:
3282:
3274:
3270:
3255:
3240:
3232:
3228:
3220:
3216:
3212:
3208:
3203:
3174:
3154:
3149:
3133:
3089:
3081:
3051:
3020:
2994:
2986:
2979:125 (note 7)
2974:
2948:
2940:
2933:Steppe eagle
2928:
2924:
2920:
2903:
2899:
2894:
2877:
2857:
2848:
2839:
2822:
2819:Sherira Gaon
2813:
2800:
2791:
2782:
2774:
2766:
2755:
2736:
2730:
2722:
2706:
2698:
2689:
2681:
2677:
2673:
2669:
2661:
2654:Henry Malter
2640:
2628:
2608:
2602:
2589:
2585:
2581:
2558:
2551:
2547:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2512:
2501:
2467:
2419:
2405:
2401:
2384:
2334:Hebrew Bible
2326:
2320:
2313:
2299:
2287:
2272:
2243:
2223:
2218:
2212:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2181:
2177:
2150:Significance
2140:
2138:
2113:
2109:
2099:
2095:
2067:
2059:
2058:writes that
2051:
2035:
2027:
2025:
2017:
1995:
1983:
1957:
1946:
1940:
1938:
1928:
1923:
1917:
1909:
1905:
1896:
1889:
1880:
1865:
1860:
1854:
1846:
1842:
1834:
1829:
1822:
1813:
1798:
1793:
1785:
1780:
1776:
1762:
1757:
1750:
1741:
1726:
1721:
1710:
1705:
1698:
1689:
1674:
1668:
1663:
1653:
1649:
1640:
1633:
1624:
1609:
1604:
1596:
1591:
1587:
1579:
1574:
1567:
1558:
1543:
1538:
1526:
1519:
1510:
1495:
1490:
1481:
1476:
1472:
1463:
1456:
1447:
1427:(Old French)
1412:Hebrew Word
1397:
1368:
1364:al-karkadann
1352:Judeo-Arabic
1318:
1316:
1295:Hebrew Bible
1291:unclean fowl
1288:
1275:
1269:
1259:
1255:
1253:
1235:
1227:
1211:
1199:
1192:
1183:
1169:
1155:
1131:lunar phases
1116:
1100:
1096:Mata Mehasya
1085:
1077:Exodus 21:24
1058:
1035:
1029:
1020:
1017:Middle Egypt
1008:
1003:
967:
965:
961:Sura Academy
929:Middle Egypt
922:
893:
890:Jewish Kalam
874:Judeo-Arabic
871:
846:
845:
701:Martin Buber
569:
520:Conservative
493:
440:
413:
402:
379:
283:Judah Halevi
256:
235:Jewish Kalam
213:
175:
144:
77:Burial place
4626:Eli ha-Levi
4416:Rav Sheshna
4230:Rav Shinwai
4211:(Rav Dorai)
4189:Joseph Gaon
3864:Wein, Berel
3759:Yosef Qafih
3739:Yosef Kafih
3700:Saadia Gaon
3657:Yosef Kafih
3632:Yosef Kafih
3615:Yosef Kafih
3581:Yosef Kafih
3564:Yosef Kafih
3547:Yosef Kafih
3412:Yosef Qafih
3408:Saadia Gaon
3233:Krokódeilos
3017:2012-426122
2971:2012-426122
2900:Saadia Gaon
2808:(in Hebrew)
2672:new series
2564:Yosef Qafih
2468:rosh galuth
2188:Arabization
2162:streets in
2106:Later years
2050:called the
2006:עַצְּבוֹתָם
1890:ha-tinšameṯ
1614:Big lizard
1610:krokódeilos
1605:κροκόδειλος
1531:house mouse
1415:Saadia Gaon
1305:Deuteronomy
1195:Abba Arikha
1187:Resh Kallah
1034:called the
966:Saadia, in
758:Eschatology
651:David Nieto
616:Jacob Emden
550:Neo-Hasidic
429:Ibn Kammuna
419:al-Mukkamas
414:Saadia Gaon
348:Joseph Albo
308:Nachmanides
268:Ibn Gabirol
136:Hellenistic
66:May 16, 942
4906:942 deaths
4895:Categories
4875:Achai Gaon
4529:Amram Gaon
4488:Rav Abimai
4448:Achai Gaon
4438:Rav Samuel
4184:Judah Gaon
3768:References
3494:31 October
3469:1040774903
3182:), voles (
3165:, and the
3130:Zohar Amar
3048:Zohar Amar
2991:Zohar Amar
2945:Zohar Amar
2658:Postscript
2578:Posquières
2437:citations.
1751:ha-leṭa’ah
1731:Chameleon
1727:chamailéon
1432:Septuagint
1348:rhinoceros
1241:Yom Kippur
1127:Maimonides
1032:dictionary
1009:al-Fayyumi
1004:The usual
945:mutakallim
919:Early life
676:Moses Hess
494:Positions:
441:Positions:
358:Judah Minz
328:Gersonides
303:Maimonides
166:Boethusian
145:Positions:
4685:Deans of
4544:Rav Malka
4424:(Hinenai)
4410:Rav Hunai
4406:(Hinenai)
4389:Deans of
4175:(Moronai)
4173:Rav Rabya
4128:Deans of
3712:989874916
3428:232667032
3394:741156698
3347:868644462
3321:909032204
3301:231040805
3010:783455868
2964:783455868
2912:989874916
2886:609321911
2831:923562173
2582:responsum
2414:Ivry 1989
2355:survived.
2338:Hebraisms
2234:aesthetic
2215:Berachyah
2125:Babylonia
2116:Babylonia
2081:romanized
2068:sheraqraq
2052:sheraqraq
2034:known as
1836:Chamaeleo
1799:kalavótis
1794:καλαβώτης
1722:χαμαιλέων
1676:Crocidura
1634:ha-anaqah
1520:ha-ʿaḫbar
1371:(Hebrew:
1334:), as in
1321:(Hebrew:
1301:Leviticus
1234:Yemenite
1224:Influence
1202:Pumbedita
1174:Festivals
1123:Hillel II
1054:Palestine
999:Holy Land
974:, son of
957:Babylonia
933:Palestine
914:Biography
788:Holocaust
778:Happiness
560:Rambamist
540:Holocaust
515:Chassidic
505:Sephardic
452:Kabbalist
380:Yemenite:
156:Sadducean
151:Hasmonean
4375:Hai Gaon
4056:928-942
3950:27908661
3702:(2011).
3530:Archived
3447:(2013).
3410:(1984).
3380:(2010).
3361:צלמניהון
3262:سام أبرص
3217:dhafadaʿ
3188:hamsters
3184:Microtus
2981:(Hebrew)
2902:(2011).
2821:(1988).
2775:Hamelitz
2682:Hamelitz
2475:See also
2374:Responsa
2283:Megillot
2269:Exegesis
2164:Tel Aviv
2087:šiqirrāq
1977:—
1967:
1951:exegesis
1823:ha-ḥomeṭ
1784:Lizard (
1781:laiserde
1758:אלעצ'איה
1706:אלחרד'ון
1480:Weasel (
1457:ha-ḥoled
1356:אלכרכדאן
1092:Exilarch
1065:Passover
949:ibn Ḥazm
937:Tiberias
783:Holiness
500:Orthodox
467:Tosafist
462:Talmudic
240:Kabbalah
205:Medieval
161:Pharisee
97:Children
47:July 892
4050:of the
4030:Sefaria
3993:by Dr.
3890:Hackett
3782::
3414:(ed.).
3247:العظاية
3221:Taharot
3196:jerboas
3192:gerbils
2929:ʿozniah
2650:Genizah
2404:), the
2342:Mishnah
2340:of the
2258:Abraham
2100:raḥamīm
2083::
2062:is the
1929:aspálax
1924:ασπάλαξ
1897:אלסמברץ
1884:
1870:Lizard
1817:
1787:Lacerta
1771:Lacerta
1745:
1699:ha-koaḥ
1693:
1673:Shrew (
1654:heriçon
1628:
1562:
1514:
1500:Weasel
1483:Mustela
1477:mustele
1473:מושטילא
1451:
1436:(Greek)
1405:Source
1390:giraffe
882:halakha
863:exegete
793:Messiah
570:People:
545:Renewal
457:Karaism
176:People:
35:
4926:Geonim
4863:Others
4412:(Huna)
4404:Hanina
4121:Geonim
3973:
3948:
3922:, 2013
3904:
3892:, 2002
3874:
3710:
3602:p. xiv
3467:
3457:
3426:
3392:
3378:Saadia
3345:
3335:Saadia
3319:
3299:
3198:, etc.
3180:Rattus
3163:ferret
3159:weasel
3140:
3058:
3015:
3008:
3001:
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2955:
2910:
2884:
2829:
2743:
2715:
2615:
2586:limace
2562:Rabbi
2517:Hebrew
2506:Arabic
2368:Azulai
2296:Daniel
2280:Isaiah
2092:Levant
2072:Arabic
2056:Humash
2040:Hebrew
2028:Hullin
2019:Taanit
2014:בד בבד
2010:Talmud
2002:Hebrew
1998:Targum
1920:spp.)
1882:התנשמת
1857:spp.)
1847:limace
1839:spp.)
1830:אלחרבא
1790:spp.)
1777:לישרדה
1773:spp.)
1715:spp.)
1679:spp.)
1669:mygáli
1664:μυγάλη
1601:spp.)
1595:Toad (
1568:ha-ṣav
1548:Mouse
1512:העכבּר
1464:אלכ'לד
1373:זָֽמֶר
1276:Tafsīr
1256:Tafsir
1249:Sukkot
1236:tiklāl
1158:Aleppo
1090:, the
1025:Pithom
1021:Pitomi
1013:Fayyum
972:Shelah
925:Faiyum
884:, and
859:Jewish
763:Ethics
738:Topics
555:Mussar
525:Reform
510:Chabad
485:Modern
403:Other:
51:Fayyum
4854:Sadoq
4764:Ezrun
3946:JSTOR
3920:Brill
3683:Kafih
3365:עצבות
3213:צפרדע
3167:stoat
2931:(the
2569:حرباء
2550:; or
2493:Notes
2410:Philo
2315:Agron
2277:Torah
2264:Works
2250:Kalam
2208:Spain
2184:Torah
2096:raḥam
2076:شقراق
2060:raḥam
2036:raḥam
1991:Sages
1933:Mole
1918:Talpa
1910:talpe
1866:sávra
1861:σαύρα
1855:Limax
1843:לימצא
1803:Newt
1767:spp.)
1743:הלטאה
1712:Agama
1650:הריון
1641:אלורל
1626:האנקה
1592:froit
1588:פוייט
1575:אלצ'ב
1527:אלפאר
1449:החֹלד
1423:Rashi
1384:) in
1381:zāmer
1369:zamer
1331:rəʾēm
1319:Re'em
1272:Torah
1151:Ramla
1037:Agron
1006:nisba
995:Jaffa
976:Judah
851:rabbi
768:Faith
748:Anger
55:Egypt
4048:Gaon
3971:ISBN
3902:ISBN
3872:ISBN
3812:help
3708:OCLC
3496:2017
3465:OCLC
3455:ISBN
3424:OCLC
3390:OCLC
3343:OCLC
3317:OCLC
3297:OCLC
3155:gale
3138:ISBN
3095:Amar
3056:ISBN
3013:LCCN
3006:OCLC
2999:ISBN
2967:LCCN
2960:OCLC
2953:ISBN
2908:OCLC
2882:OCLC
2827:OCLC
2741:ISBN
2713:ISBN
2613:ISBN
2379:The
2129:Sura
1914:Mole
1906:טלפא
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1079:and
1067:and
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