Isma'ilism - Knowledge

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hangs on the back like the hood of a jacket but it is not used to conceal the face. This is representative of the Dawoodi Bohra community's values of equality and justice for women, which they believe, is a tenet of the Fatimid Imamate's evolved understanding of Islam and the true meaning of women's chastity in Islam. The Dawoodi Bohra community also do not prevent their women from coming to mosques, attending religious gatherings or going to places of pilgrimage. It is often regarded as the most peaceful sect of Islam and an example of true Sufism; it has been critically acclaimed on several occasions even by Western governments such as those of the United Kingdom, Germany, Sweden, and particularly the United States for its progressive outlook towards gender roles, adoption of technology, promotion of literature, crafts, business and secular values. However, the Dawoodi Bohras are highly single-minded about inter-caste or inter-faith marriage. They do not oppose it but do not encourage it either. If a Dawoodi Bohra member does marry into another caste or religion, he or she is usually advised to ask his or her spouse to convert to Islam and, specifically, into the community.

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limited to elementary literacy. To ensure girls had access to education, there was a minimum marriageable age instituted (for both boys and girls) and child marriage was banned. Moreover, marriage against the will of the bride was outlawed as brides were to sign their marriage contracts according to their choice. Other reforms in marriage laws included decisions on polygamy and divorce. In 1905, polygamy was permitted with the condition of the "maintenance of the first wife" and later that was changed to only be allowed for specific reasons. In 1962, polygamy was outlawed within the Nizari Ismaili community. Women were allowed to divorce their husbands and for a husband to divorce his wife, he was required to stand before a council which ultimately decided whether the divorce was granted or denied. Additionally, Aga Khan III took efforts to eliminate and mitigate the stigma around divorces and divorced women.

4371:). These positions are followed by the rank of ra'sul hudood, bhaisaheb, miya-saheb, shaikh-saheb, and mulla-saheb, which are held by several of Bohras. The 'Aamil or Saheb-e Raza who is granted the permission to perform the religious ceremonies of the believers by the Dāʻī al-Mutlaq and also leads the local congregation in religious, social, and community affairs, is sent to each town where a sizable population of believers exists. Such towns normally have a masjid (commonly known as a mosque) and an adjoining jamaa'at-khaana (assembly hall) where socio-religious functions are held. The local organizations which manage these properties and administer the social and religious activities of the local Bohras report directly to the central administration of the Dāʻī al-Mutlaq. 3212:, and the Nizari sources do not go into specific details. Since very few contemporary Nizari Ismaili accounts of the events have survived, and it is likely that scholars will never know the exact details of this event. However, there was no total abrogation of all law; only certain exoteric rituals like the Salah/Namaz, Fasting in Ramadan, Hajj to Makkah, and facing Makkah in prayer were abrogated; however, the Nizaris continued to perform rituals of worship, except these rituals were more esoteric and spiritually oriented. For example, the true prayer is to remember God at every moment; true fasting is to keep all of the body's organs away from whatever is unethical and forbidden. Ethical conduct is enjoined at all times. 345: 5732: 189: 3131:

daggers were used to kill, and sometimes as a warning, a knife would be placed on the pillow of a Sunni, who understood the message to mean that he was marked for death. When an assassination was actually carried out, the Hashasheen would not be allowed to run away; instead, to strike further fear into the enemy, they would stand near the victim without showing any emotion and departed only when the body was discovered. This further increased the ruthless reputation of the Hashasheen throughout Sunni-controlled lands.

2417: 3505: 4057:, considering it instead to metaphorically mean visiting the Imam himself, that being the greatest and most spiritual of all pilgrimages. Since the Druze do not follow shariah, they do not believe in a literal pilgrimage to the Kaaba in Mecca as other Muslims do, while the Mustaali (Bohras) still hold on to the literal meaning as well, performing hajj to the Ka'aba and also visiting the Imam (or in a secluded time, the Dai, who is the representative or vicegerent of the Imam) to be Hajj-e Haqiqi. 2804:. Born in 985, he ascended as ruler at the age of eleven. A religious group that began forming in his lifetime broke off from mainstream Ismailism and refused to acknowledge his successor. Later to be known as the Druze, they believe Al-Hakim to be the manifestation of God and the prophesied Mahdi, who would one day return and bring justice to the world. The faith further split from Ismailism as it developed unique doctrines which often class it separately from both Ismailism and Islam. 4183:

his father's early death, so his mother, Lady Ali Shah, played an influential role during his early years. The influence of women during his rule continued in his later years with his wife Umm Habiba. Imam Aga Khan III ruled from 1885 to 1957 and the current 49th Imam, his grandson, Imam Aga Khan IV commenced his rule in 1957. A majority of Aga Khan III's efforts sought to reform Ismaili marriage contract laws which have significantly impacted women within the Nizari Ismaili community.

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their leader and are known more commonly as Imam-Shahi. There are villages in Gujarat which are totally 'Satpanthi' such as Pirana near Ahmedabad where Imam Shah is buried. It is also the older form of Nizari Ismaili practice originating from the Kutch community of Gujarat. Pir Sadardin gave the first converts to Ismailism the name 'Satpanth' because they were the followers of the 'True Path.' They were then given the title of Khoja to replace their title of Thakkar.

2915:, a queen in Yemen. She was promoted to the post of hujjah long before by Imām Mustansir at the death of her husband. She ran the da'wat from Yemen in the name of Imaam Tayyib. She was instructed and prepared by Imam Mustansir and ran the dawat from Yemen in the name of Imaam Tayyib, following Imams for the second period of Satr. It was going to be on her hands, that Imam Tayyib would go into seclusion, and she would institute the office of the Da'i al-Mutlaq. 16360: 1239: 9844: 2731: 58: 16349: 1174: 1770: 4110:(following every order without protest, but with one's soul's happiness, knowing that nothing is more important than a command from God and that the command of His vicegerents is His Word). In Ismāʿīlī doctrine, God is the true desire of every soul, and he manifests himself in the forms of Prophets and Imāms; to be guided to his path, one requires a messenger or a guide: a Dai. For the true 4667:

the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, UAE and Europe. Like majority of Bohra communities, ʻAlavi Bohras are mostly traders and dominate the optical and furniture market in Vadodara. They are now increasingly venturing into professions such as law, medicine, engineering, business management, computer sciences. Beings Ismaʻili-Taiyebis they follow strictly

4352: 2654: 3632:). Therefore, on one hand, Muhammad constructed the verbal form of the Quran, and, on the other hand, through his existence, he embodied the living and speaking Quran: "The cause of all existents is only the Word of God, ... he Speaker Prophet is found to be a receptacle for the Word of God in the corporeal world and is designated by its names". As such, 3975:' or to 'bind' (Latin: Intellectus). It is through this Universal Intellect ('aql al-kull) that all living and non-living entities know God, and all of humanity is dependent and united in this light. Contrastingly, in Twelver thought this includes the Prophets as well, especially Muhammad, who is the greatest of all the manifestations of 'Aql. 4046:

activities which may detract from this goal. In particular, Isma'ilis believe that the esoteric meaning of fasting involves a "fasting of the soul", whereby they attempt to purify the soul simply by avoiding sinful acts and doing good deeds. In addition, the Nizari also fast on "Shukravari Beej" which falls on a Friday that coincides with the

3112:. Over the next two years, he converted most of the surrounding villages to Isma'ilism. Afterward, he converted most of the staff to Ismailism, took over the fortress, and presented Alamut's king with payment for his fortress, which he had no choice but to accept. The king reluctantly abdicated his throne, and Hassan-i Sabbah turned 2286:

your opinion and we are in the palm of your right hand." The early followers of Ali seem to have taken his guidance as "right guidance" deriving from Divine support. In other words, Ali's guidance was seen to be the expression of God's will and the Quranic message. This spiritual and absolute authority of Ali was known as

5055:, the 49th Imam of the Nizari Ismailis, was invited to issue a religious edict for and on behalf of the Ismailis, which he did by a letter explicitly stating that the Ismailis adhered to the Ja'fari school as well as other schools of close affinity including the Sufi principles concerned with a personal search for God. 3204:'s polemical aims, and the fact that he burned the Isma'ili libraries which may have offered much more reliable testimony about the history, scholars have been dubious about his narrative but are forced to rely on it given the absence of alternative sources. Fortunately, descriptions of this event are also preserved in 2585:

Likewise is the book an important source of information regarding the various movements within tenth-century Shīa leading to the spread of the Fatimid-Isma'ili da'wa throughout the medieval Islamicate world and the religious and philosophical history of post-Fatimid Musta'li branch of Isma'ilism in Yemen and India.

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majority countries, is often in contrast to the Ismaili reforms and so residents of these countries must adhere to the country's rules and regulations. The situation of Ismaili women depends on factors including their government and its laws, economic ability, resource availability, and global conditions.

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Currently, ʻAlavi Bohras are a close-knit organized community numbering approximately 8000, with the majority of them settled in Vadodara, where they have their own locality. They have their own masjids and musafirkhanas in places like Mumbai, Surat, Ahmedabad, Nadiad in India. Some have migrated to

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A discrepancy exists between the rights offered to women through these reforms and the actual realization of the practice of those rights. Cultural norms and views continue to guide many members of the community who criticize the reforms as being influenced from western values. The Aga Khan responded

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In effect, marriage would no longer be imposed on women due to economic necessity. The Aga Khan III realized that education was at the forefront of this reform and encouraged parents who only had enough money to send one child to school to send their daughters. And this advocacy for education was not

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The Aga Khan also played a pivotal role in promoting women's participation in the affairs of the Ismaili community. He criticized practices such as veiling, gender segregation, and the acts of Pardah (masking oneself from the public) and zenana (restraint on women from leaving the home). In addition,

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The Nizari Ismaili Imams (known as the Aga Khans since the 18th century have used their power to institute reforms that affected personal lives of men and women in the community. Aga Khan III, the 48th Nizari Ismaili Imam, was passionate in this movement. He came into his role at an early age, due to

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or charity in Isma'ilism resembles the Zakat of other Muslims. Along with zakat, Isma'ilis pay a tithe, a percentage of their asset to the Ismaili Imamate for use in development projects in the eastern world, to benefit Isma'ilis and have grown beyond that mission to encompass projects in areas where

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Just as the Imām is seen by Ismailis as the manifestation of the first-created Light, during the period between the Imāmates of Muhammad ibn Ismail and al-Madhi Billah, the relationship between the teacher and the student became a sacred one, and Dai became a position much beyond a normal missionary.

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Even some of Ali's early followers regarded him as "an absolute and divinely guided leader", whose demands of his followers were "the same kind of loyalty that would have been expected for the Prophet". For example, one of Ali's supporters who also was devoted to Muhammad said to him: "our opinion is

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Satpanth is a subgroup of Nizari Ismailism and Ismaili Sufism formed by conversions from Hinduism 700 years ago by Pir Sadardin (1290–1367) and 600 years ago in the 15th century by his grandson Pir Imam Shah (1430–1520), they differ slightly from the Nizari Khojas in that they reject the Aga Khan as

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The Natiq and the Wasi are in turn succeeded by a line of seven Imāms, who guard what they received. The seventh and last Imām in any period becomes the Natiq of the next period. The last Imām of the sixth period, however, would not bring about a new religion of law but rather supersede all previous

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is being published in 7 volumes of annotated Arabic critical editions as part of an institutional collaboration between the Institut Français du Proche Orient (IFPO) in Damascus and The Institute of Ismaili Studies (IIS) in London. This voluminous text has been critically edited based on several old

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are also Nizaris. However, due to their isolation from the rest of the world, Islam reached the Hunza about 350 years ago. Ismailism has been practiced by the Hunza for the last 300 years. The Hunza have been ruled by the same family of kings for over 900 years. They were called Kanjuts. Sunni Islam

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in 1056 CE. His family later relocated to the city of Tehran, which was an area with an extremely active Isma'ili Da'wah. He immersed himself in Ismāʿīlī thought; however, he did not choose to convert until he was overcome with an almost fatal illness and feared dying without knowing the Imām of his

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due to it often being in color and decorated with patterns and lace. The rida's difference from the burqa, however, is significant beyond just the colour, pattern, and lace. The rida does not call for covering of women's faces like the traditional veil. It has a flap called the 'pardi' that usually

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Muḥammad d. 1310, the 28th Qasim-Shahi Imam, named ʻAlāʼ ad-Dīn Mumin Shāh d. 1337 (26th Imam of the Muhammad-Shahi or Mumini Nizari Ismailis) and his son Muhammad Shah d 1404, the twenty-seventh Imam. They follow this line of Imams until the disappearance of the 40th Imam al-Amir Muhammad al-Baqir

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Additional barriers to practice of reforms include the fact that the councils implementing the forms are often majority male who may still adhere to patriarchal norms. The laws of the countries in which Ismaili women reside also impact the implementation of reforms. Sharia law, common in most Sunni

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The Da'i was not a missionary in the typical sense, and he was responsible for both the conversion of his student as well as the mental and spiritual well-being. The Da'i was a guide and light to the Imam. The teacher-student relationship of the Da'i and his student was much like the one that would

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There is also a historical dispute as to whether Imam Qasim Shah was a brother or a paternal uncle to ʻAlāʼ ad-Dīn Mumin Shāh. The most famous Imam of this line of Nizari Imams was Shah Tahir bin Radi al-Din II al-Husayni ad-Dakkani, the 31st Imam who died in 1549. He was famous for converting the

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literature, documenting important aspects of the development of the Isma'ili da'wa in tenth-century Yemen. The book is also of considerable historical value for modern scholars of Arabic prose literature as well as those interested in the relationship of esoteric Shia with early Islamic mysticism.

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by 32nd daʼi, acting on the will of 31st daʼi (except for a brief interlude in Surat for 20 years 1158–1178 AH/1745–1764 CE). Since then Vadodara remains the headquarters of the ʻAlavis to this day. The ʻAlavi Bohras have a library of 450 Ismaʻili manuscripts, some up to 500 years old, at their

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They believe that straying away from the community implies straying away from Ma'ad – the ultimate objective of this life and the meaning of the teachings of Islam, which is to return to where all souls come from and re-unite with Allah. Besides, converting someone to Islam has high spiritual and

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The Isma'ili view of revelation also influences their perception of the meaning of the Quran. In this view, the Quran and prophetic guidance (Hadith) are encoded in symbols in parables that preserve a superior level of meaning. As such, the literal interpretation of the Quran is only the "outward

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After the imprisonment of Nizar by his younger brother Ahmad al Mustaali, various sources indicate that Nizar's son Ali Al-Hadi ibn Nizari survived and fled to Alamut. He was offered a safe place in Alamut, where Hassan-Al-Sabbah welcomed him. However, it is believed this was not announced to the

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The political asceticism practiced by the Imāms during the period after Muhammad ibn Ismail was to be short-lived and finally concluded with the Imāmate of Abdullah al-Mahdi Billah, who was born in 873. After decades of Ismāʿīlīs believing that Muhammad ibn Ismail was in the Occultation and would

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sects are the most traditional of the three main groups of Ismāʿīlī, maintaining rituals such as prayer and fasting more consistently with the practices of other Shia sects. It is often said that they resemble Sunni Islam even more than Twelvers do, though this would hold true for matters of the

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the Ismaili community from various parts of the world worshipped jointly, often in multiple languages. This has led to a general absence of racial segregation. Women play are actively engaged in all aspects of ritual practice, reflecting the inclusive and egalitarian values espoused by the Imam.

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and at other times, the Nizari and Musta'ali sects believe in a metaphorical instead of literal meaning of fasting. The literal meaning is that one must fast as an obligation, such as during Ramadan, and the metaphorical meaning is seeking to attain the Divine Truth and striving to avoid worldly

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After the 27th Da'i, Syedna Dawood bin Qutub Shah, there was another split; the ones following Syedna Dawood came to be called Dawoodi Bohra, and followers of Suleman were then called Sulaimani. Dawoodi Bohra's present Da'i al Mutlaq, the 53rd, is Syedna Mufaddal Saifuddin, and he and his devout

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Regardless of these defeats, the Kharijites survived and became a violently problematic group in Islamic history. After plotting assassinations against Ali, Mu'awiya, and the arbitrator of their conflict, a Kharijite successfully assassinated Ali in 661 CE. The Imāmate then passed on to his son

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Surrounded by the Abbasids and other hostile powers and low in numbers, Hassan-i Sabbah devised a way to attack the Isma'ili enemies with minimal losses. Using the method of assassination, he ordered the murders of Sunni scholars and politicians who he felt threatened the Isma'ilis. Knives and

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While on one view there is a historical nexus between the Druze and Ismāʿīlīs, any such links are purely historical and do not entail any modern similarities, given that one of the Druze's central tenets is trans-migration of the soul (reincarnation) as well as other contrasting beliefs with

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The Entrusted Imam is an Imam in the full sense except that the lineage of the Imamate must continue through the Permanent Imam. However, the political Caliphate was soon taken over by Mu'awiya, the only leader in the empire at that time with an army large enough to seize control.

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The ordinary Bohra is highly conscious of his identity, and this is especially demonstrated at religious and traditional occasions by the appearance and attire of the participants. Dawoodi Bohra men wear a traditional white three-piece outfit, plus a white and gold cap (called a

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Ismāʿīlīsm and Islam. Druze is an offshoot of Ismailism. Many historical links do trace back to Syria and particularly Masyaf. The Druze faith is often classified as a branch of Isma'ili; although according to various scholars Druze faith "diverge substantially from Islam, both

2199:(blood for blood) from the people responsible for Uthman's death. Ali voted against it, as he believed that the situation at the time demanded a peaceful resolution of the matter. Though both parties could rightfully defend their claims, due to escalated misunderstandings, the 4195:"I do not want Ismaili women dependent on anyone—their parents, husbands, or anyone except God...I have no doubt that the whole spirit and teaching of my ancestor the Holy Prophet encouraged the evolution of all legitimate freedom and legitimate equality before men and women". 3165: 3359:

through their own descendants. Their leadership is based on community scholars, who are the only individuals allowed to read their holy texts. There is controversy over whether this group falls under the classification of Isma'ilism or Islam because of its unique beliefs.

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Ismāʿīlīs believe numbers have religious meanings. The number seven plays a general role in the theology of the Ismā'īliyya, including mystical speculations that there are seven heavens, seven continents, seven orifices in the skull, seven days in a week, and so forth.

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in 1197 AD, then they shifted their da'wat to India under the Da'i al-Mutlaq, working on behalf of their last Imam, Taiyyab, and are known as Bohra. From India, various groups spread mainly to south Asia and eventually to the Middle East, Europe, Africa, and America.

4996:, called for tolerance and unity in the Muslim world. Subsequently, the "Amman Message" Conference took place in Amman, Jordan on 4–6 July 2005, and a three-point declaration was issued by 200 Muslim academics from over 50 countries focusing on the three issues of: 2691:

in North Africa and a number of other victories, al-Mahdi Billah successfully established a Shia political state ruled by the Imāmate in 910. This was the only time in history where the Shia Imamate and Caliphate were united after the first Imam, Ali ibn Abi Talib.

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While they appear parallel to those of normative Islam, in the Druze religion they are different in meaning and interpretation. The religion is considered distinct from the Ismaili as well as from other Muslims belief and practice... Most Druze do not identify as

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The Nizari Isma'ili, however, do not mourn this in the same way because of the belief that the light of the Imam never dies but rather passes on to the succeeding Imām, making mourning arbitrary. However, during commemoration they do not have any celebrations in

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Dai passed on the sacred and hidden knowledge of the Imām to the student, who could then use that information to ascend to higher levels. First, the student loved Dai, and from the Dai, he learned to love the Imām, who was but an interceder on behalf of God. In

3742:(Quran) and prophetic guidance (Hadith) by reanalyzing them in the context of new circumstances, while retaining the underlying principled spirit, and help guide "spiritual adepts" to the divine truths by disclosing their inner meanings through the spiritual 4227:"While the words of the Koran remain the same, every generation, every century, every period must have a new and different interpretation of the past, otherwise Islam will die and will not survive the competition of some healthy less rigid competitors". 2571:. The student desired God, and the Da'i could bring him to God by making him recognize the Imam, who possesses the knowledge of the Oneness of God. The Da'i and Imam were respectively the spiritual mother and spiritual father of the Isma'ili believers. 2558:

and that he would one day return. A small group traced the Imamate among Muhammad ibn Isma'il's lineal descendants. With the status and location of the Imams not known to the community, the concealed Isma'ili Imams began to propagate the faith through

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manuscripts from The Institute of Ismaili Studies' vast collection. These academic editions have been prepared by a team of Syrian and Egyptian scholars, including Dr Ayman F Sayyid, and this major publication project has been coordinated by Dr

1998:, whom they see as "the final Prophet and Messenger of God to all humanity". The Isma'ili and the Twelvers both accept the same six initial Imams; the Isma'ili accept Isma'il ibn Jafar as the seventh Imam. Isma'ili thought is heavily influenced by 4208:"I am trying to guide our young women's lives into entirely new channels. I want to see them able to earn their livings in trades and professions, so that they are not economically dependent on marriage, nor a burden on their fathers and brother 4390:

knowledge, and as a result, the number of professionals in the community is rapidly increasing. Dawoodi Bohras believe that the education of women is equally important as that of men, and many Dawoodi Bohra women choose to enter the workforce.

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religious significance as doctrines espouse that making someone a Muslim or Mu'min confers the Sawab (the reward of good deeds) equivalent to that of 40 Hajjs and 40 Umrahs (visiting Mecca and the Kaaba during days other than that of Hajj).

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Adis Duderija, "Evolution in the Concept of Sunnah during the First Four Generations of Muslims in Relation to the Development of the Concept of an Authentic Ḥadīth as based on Recent Western Scholarship", Arab Law Quarterly 26 (2012)

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In addition, there are several quasi-Muslim sects, in that, although they follow many of the beliefs and practices of orthodox Islam, the majority of Sunnis consider them heretical. These would be the Ahmadiyya, Druze, Ibadi, and the

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Druze who survive as a small minority in Syria, Lebanon, Israel, and Jordan (their estimated number in these countries totaled around one million in the beginning of the 21st century) diverge substantially from Islam, both Sunni and

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and Ali wished to defeat their forces before they reached the cities, where they would be able to blend in with the rest of the population. While he was unable to do this, he nonetheless defeated their forces in subsequent battles.

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went into occultation and appointed a Da'i al-Mutlaq to guide the community, in a similar manner as the Isma'ili had lived after the death of Muhammad ibn Isma'il. The latter claimed that the ruling Fatimid caliph was the Imām.

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Aga Khan III believed economic independence was key to achieving this equality and freedom. By becoming educated and earning their own livelihood, women would no longer be a burden on their parents or spouses. He proclaimed:

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views that it is an everlasting nonverbal attribute contained in God’s essence. Even so, the Isma'ilis agree with most other Islamic schools of thought that the Quran is a miracle that is beyond imitation and without equal

9295: 4654:(d. 1046 AH/1637 CE). They are named after this ʻAli, calling themselves ʻAlavis, and their mission ad-Daʼwat ul-Haadiyat ul-ʻAlaviyah. Three daʼis later, in 1110 AH/1699 CE, the seat of the ʻAlavi Daʼwat was moved from 2684:

return to bring an age of justice, al-Mahdi taught that the Imāms had not been literally secluded, but rather had remained hidden to protect themselves and had been organizing the Da'i, and even acted as Da'i themselves.

2386:. His family was starved and deprived of water and supplies, until eventually the army came in on the tenth day and martyred Husayn and his companions, and enslaved the rest of the women and family, taking them to Kufa. 3208:’s narrative and recounted in the Haft Bab Baba-yi Sayyidna, written 60 years after the event, and the later Haft Bab-i Abi Ishaq, an Ismaili book of the 15th century AD. However, Rashid al-Din's narrative is based on 2516:, who at one point was appointed by his father as the next Imam, appeared to have predeceased his father in 755. While Twelvers argue that either he was never heir apparent or he truly predeceased his father and hence 3578:) that constituted the divine nonverbal revelation (through the medium of archangel Gabriel), and Muhammad, then, expressed the divine truths contained within this transmission in the Arabic terms that constitute the 2520:

was the true heir to the Imamate, the Ismāʿīlīs argue that either the death of Ismaʻil was staged in order to protect him from Abbasid persecution or that the Imamate passed to Muhammad ibn Ismaʻil in lineal descent.

3754:) to the community during their own time. As a consequence, the Isma'ili Imam acts as the "speaking Quran", while the Arabic Quran, in its written or recitative form, is consigned the position of the "silent Quran". 10508:

ad-Da'wat ul-Haadiyat ul-'Alaviyah is the Spiritual Seat, Divine Mission and Heavenly Call of Da'i of Alavi Bohras linked to the first Prophet of Islam, Maulaana Adam and the First Creation of Allaah, the Intellect

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The Isma'ilis believe that besides prophets, God's Speech also illuminates the souls of the Legatees and Imams, through the medium of the Holy Spirit, which allows them to perform many of the spiritual functions of

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Very early in the empire's life, the Fatimids sought to spread the Isma'ili faith, which in turn would spread loyalty to the Imamate in Egypt. One of their earliest attempts was taken by a missionary by the name of

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Dawoodi Bohras is headed by the Dāʻī al-Mutlaq, who is appointed by his predecessor in office. The Dāʻī al-Mutlaq appoints two others to the subsidiary ranks of māzūn (Arabic Maʾḏūn مأذون) "licentiate" and Mukāsir

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God, in Ismaʻili metaphysics, is seen as above and beyond all conceptions, names, and descriptions. He transcends all positive and negative qualities, and knowledge of God as such is above all human comprehension.

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Khalil Andani, "Reconciling Religion and Philosophy: Nāṣir-i Khusraw’s Jāmiʿ al-ḥikmatayn". El-Rouayheb, Khaled, and Sabine Schmidtke. The Oxford Handbook of Islamic Philosophy. Oxford, United Kingdom, Oxford UP,

3404:, from the earliest period of Muslim history until the late Fatimid era. The author, Idris Imad al-Din, descended from the prominent al-Walid family of the Quraysh in Yemen, who led the Tayyibi Mustaʻlian Ismaili 2413:. Also, individuals may observe Muharram in a wide variety of ways. This respect for Muharram does not include self-flagellation and beating because they feel that harming one's body is harming a gift from God. 10927:

Theologically, one would have to conclude that the Druze are not Muslims. They do not accept the five pillars of Islam. In place of these principles the Druze have instituted the seven precepts noted above..

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After the fall of the Fatimid Caliphate and its bases in Iran and Syria, the three currently living branches of Isma'ili generally developed geographically isolated from each other, with the exception of

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Ismailism shares its beginnings with other early Shia sects that emerged during the succession crisis that spread throughout the early Muslim community. From the beginning, the Shia asserted the right of

3593:, " only conveyed the meanings of the inspiration and the light – its obligations, rulings and allusions – by means of utterances composed with arranged, combined, intelligible, and audible letters". 3568:), through the means of the Holy Spirit, Gabriel, which is a heavenly power that illuminates the souls of the prophets, just as the radiance of light reflects in a mirror. Accordingly, God illuminated 4754:

is a reformist sect within Musta'li Ismai'li Shia Islam that broke off circa 1977. They disagree with mainstream Dawoodi Bohra, as led by the Da'i al-Mutlaq, on doctrinal, economic and social issues.

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Ismailis, the zakat is 12.5% of cash income and among other Ismailis of Iran, Syria, Central Asia, and China, the zakat is 10% of cash income and other %s of non-cash assets like crops and livestock.

3640:) of God’s words, just as a reflective mirror to the radiance of light, and the Quran and Prophetic guidance (Hadith) are verbal manifestations of God’s words, which are reflections from this mirror. 3245:

in Baghdad, Hulagu destroyed Isma'ili as well as Islamic sacred and religious texts. The Imamate that was located in Alamut along with its few followers were forced to flee and take refuge elsewhere.

2492:, where he promulgated his teachings to many Muslims, both Shia and non-Shia, in an extremely organized form of Daʿwah. In fact, the earliest text of the Ismaili school of thought is said to be the 2485:

or "descendant of Muhammad through Hasan or Husayn" who rebelled against tyranny and the injustice of his age could be the Imām. The Zaidis created the first Shia states in Iran, Iraq, and Yemen.

3094:

Afterward, Hassan-i Sabbah became one of the most influential Da'is in Isma'ili history; he became important to the survival of the Nizari branch of Ismailism, which today is its largest branch.

2370:

After the death of Imam Hasan, Imam Husayn and his family were increasingly worried about the religious and political persecution that was becoming commonplace under the reign of Mu'awiya's son,

4028:

there are many faiths and ethnicities and where Ismailis do not live. The zakat rates historically differed depending on the asset type: 2.5% of animals, 5% of minerals, and 10% of crops. Among

2563:

from its base in Syria. This was the start of the spiritual beginnings of the Daʿwah that would later play important parts in the all Ismaili branches, especially the Nizaris and the Musta'lis.

10941:

The Politics of Islamic Revivalism: Diversity and Unity: Center for Strategic and International Studies (Washington, D.C.), Georgetown University. Center for Strategic and International Studies

8610:

The Politics of Islamic Revivalism: Diversity and Unity: Center for Strategic and International Studies (Washington, D.C.), Georgetown University. Center for Strategic and International Studies

4574:

of Najran, the Sulaymanis are in Haraz, among the inhabitants of the Jabal Maghariba and in Hawzan, Lahab and Attara, as well as in the district of Hamadan and in the vicinity of Yarim.

3936:(esoteric) essence. The esoteric is the source of the exoteric, and the exoteric is the manifestation of the esoteric. This concept is highlighted in the "Epistle of the Right Path", a 3344:, who spent as a hermit the last decades of his life in Badakhshan, gathering a considerable number of devoted adherents, who have handed down his doctrines to succeeding generations. 2505:, who inherited the Imāmate on his father's death in 743. Ja'far al-Sadiq excelled in the scholarship of the day and had many pupils, including three of the four founders of the Sunni 4781:

faith further split from Isma'ilism as it developed its own unique doctrines, and finally separated from both Ismāʿīlīsm and Islam altogether; these include the belief that the Imam

3528:) is the everlasting creative command that perpetuates all things and simultaneously embodies the essences of every existent being. This eternal commandment "flows" or "emanates" to 11012:

As Druze is a nonritualistic religion without requirements to pray, fast, make pilgrimages, or observe days of rest, the Druze are not considered an Islamic people by Sunni Muslims.

2639:

to the Zoroastrian-influenced fire. After their return of the Black Stone in 951 and a defeat by the Abbasids in 976 the group slowly dwindled off and no longer has any adherents.

2611:, who claimed to be the descendant of the Persian kings as their Mahdi, and rampaged across the Middle-East in the tenth century, climaxing their violent campaign by stealing the 1907:

in the 8th century CE, the teachings of Ismailism further transformed into the belief system as it is known today, with an explicit concentration on the deeper, esoteric meaning (

4407:

is a sign to the educational importance in the Dawoodi community. The academy has an advanced curriculum that encompasses religious and secular education for both men and women.

3408:

for more than three centuries. This gave him access to the literary heritage of the Ismailis, including the majority of the extant Fatimid manuscripts transferred to Yemen. The

11040:

Therefore, many of these scholars follow Ibn Taymiyya'sfatwa from the beginning of the fourteenth century that declared the Druzes and the Alawis as heretics outside Islam ...

3971:

As with other Shia, Ismāʿīlīs believe that the understanding of God is derived from the first light in the universe, the light of 'Aql, which in Arabic roughly translates as '

2970:. Mustaali beliefs and practices, unlike those of the Nizari and Druze, are regarded as compatible with mainstream Islam, representing a continuation of Fatimid tradition and 2374:. Amidst this turmoil in 680, Husayn along with the women and children of his family, upon receiving invitational letters and gestures of support by Kufis, wished to go to 2221:

A group among Ali's army believed that subjecting his legitimate authority to arbitration was tantamount to apostasy, and abandoned his forces. This group was known as the

9920:

Report of a mission to Yarkund in 1873, under command of Sir T. D. Forsyth: with historical and geographical information regarding the possessions of the ameer of Yarkund

5044:(schools of jurisprudence) among the eight schools of jurisprudence that were listed as being in the Muslim fold and whose adherents were, therefore, to be considered as 2535:

For some partisans of Isma'il, the Imamate ended with Isma'il ibn Ja'far. Most Ismailis recognized Muhammad ibn Ismaʻil as the next Imam and some saw him as the expected

4153:

as their 49th Imām, who they claim is descended from Muḥammad through his daughter Fāṭimah az-Zahra and 'Ali, Muḥammad's cousin and son-in-law. The 46th Ismāʿīlī Imām,

3022:. Because of the vehement opposition to the Fatimids from the Seljuks, the Ismaili movement was only able to operate as a terrorist underground movement, much like the 2321:

criticised. Even the earliest legal texts by Malik b. Anas and Abu Hanifa employ many methods including analogical reasoning and opinion and do not rely exclusively on

8823: 3874:

before the fall, which would be without ritual or law but consist merely in all creatures praising the creator and recognizing his unity. This final stage was called

12736: 8870: 4712:

The Hebtiahs Bohra are a branch of Mustaali Ismaili Shia Islam that broke off from the mainstream Dawoodi Bohra after the death of the 39th Da'i al-Mutlaq in 1754.

16109: 2174:

The conflict remained relatively peaceful between the partisans of Ali and those who asserted a semi-democratic system of electing caliphs, until the third of the

4191:

The focus of Imam Aga Khan III's message was to promote the idea that women were free and independent. In a message to his followers in 1926, he proclaimed that:

15991: 4942:

Ismaili sect had 26 Imams. The Hafizi sect lived on into the 14th century AD with adherents in Northern Egypt and Syria but had died out by the 15th century AD.

4374:

While the majority of Dawoodi Bohras have traditionally been traders, it is becoming increasingly common for them to become professionals. Some choose to become

2450:

and the sister of Hasan and Husayn, started to spread the word of Karbala to the Muslim world, making speeches regarding the event. This was the first organized

10654:

Zaman, Muhammad Qasim; Stewart, Devin J.; Mirza, Mahan; Kadi, Wadad; Crone, Patricia; Gerhard, Bowering; Hefner, Robert W.; Fahmy, Khaled; Kuran, Timur (2013).

15359: 14650: 9331: 4106:, which translates from Arabic as "guardianship" and denotes "Love and devotion for God, the Prophets, the Aimmat and Imām uz Zaman, and Dai." It also denotes 4694:

and his progeny, the religious hierarchy of the Alavi Bohras is headed by the Dāʻī al-Mutlaq, who is appointed by his predecessor in office and similar as of

4650:) from the 29th daʼi onwards after the split from Daʼudi Bohras in Ahmedabad in 1621 CE. They believe the rightful daʼi was a grandson of the 28th daʼi named 9824: 4726:

The Atba-i Malak jamaat (community) are a branch of Mustaali Ismaili Shia Islam that broke off from the mainstream Dawoodi Bohra after the death of the 46th

3683:

is to discern an object in its original ontological domain as a symbol and parable that represents a reality in a higher ontological domain The opposite of

3628:) believed that Muhammad's soul expressed God's nonverbal divine inspiration in the form of two symbolic oral discourses – the Quran and Prophetic guidance ( 3582:. Consequently, the Isma'ilis believe that the Arabic Quran is God’s Speech in a secondary and subordinate sense, as it only verbally expresses the "signs" ( 2167:, to have both political and spiritual control over the community. This also included his two sons, who were the grandsons of Muhammad through his daughter 11192: 2218:

against their spears and demanded that the issue be decided by Islam's holy book. Ali accepted this, and an arbitration was done which ended in his favor.

11118:

Subsequently, Muslim opponents of the Druzes have often relied on Ibn Taymiyya's religious ruling to justify their attitudes and actions against Druzes...

4690:

acts as a direct representative of the concealed Imam as he receives required guidance from him. During this time of the concealment of 21st Fatimid Imam

4325:, however, exist in Yemen and Saudi Arabia. In recent years, there has been a rapprochement between the Sulaymani, Dawoodi, and Alavi Mustaali sub-sects. 3617:), for its external linguistic form and presentiment of spiritual meanings transcends the limits of eminence of Arabic poetry, prose, and rhyming speech. 15976: 14263: 9856: 4475: 3954:

In Ismailism, things have an interior meaning that is reserved for a special few who are in tune with the Imām or are the Imām himself. This is called

4686:. The doctrines of Alavi Bohras is centered on the recognition of the Imam. It continues to be the most important foundation among Bohras. In fact, 2927:

was one of the prominent Isma'ili wali of 14th century. The line of Tayyib Da'is that began in 1132 is still continuing under the main sect known as

10207: 16075: 9140: 3800:. As van-Skyhawk notes, an important link was established between the ginānic and qaṣā’id traditions when, in 1961, the 49th Ismāʿīlī Imām termed 2810:

was the Hujjah in Yemen from the time of Imam al Mustansir. She appointed Da'i in Yemen to run religious affairs. Ismaili missionaries Ahmed and

2327:. Only in the 2nd century does the Sunni jurist al-Shafi'i first argue that only the sunnah of Muhammad should be a source of law, and that this 1955:, along with the "Imam of the Time" representing the manifestation of esoteric truth and intelligible divine reality, with the more literalistic 4597:, there is a well-established Sulaymani community in Sind. Some ten thousand Sulaymanis live in rural areas of Punjab known to the Sulaymani as 3437:; our creed consists of studying all existing things in their entirety, the physical and the intellectual, from their beginning to their end, 2699:, the empire was named "Fatimid". However, this was not without controversy, and recognizing the extent that Ismāʿīlī doctrine had spread, the 3656:). The Ismailis maintain that divine guidance is required to access the divine truths and superior meanings contained within the revelations. 12919: 3843:

Classical Ismāʿīlī doctrine holds that divine revelation had been given in six periods (daur) entrusted to six prophets, who they also call

2214:

of Syria, also staged a revolt under the same pretences. Ali led his forces against Mu'awiya until the side of Mu'awiya held copies of the

9504: 16006: 14705: 9865: 3691:, which is to encode divine realities in the form of symbols and parables that are interpretable to human beings in the material world. 11370: 16080: 15996: 4888:

in the 10–13th centuries, were employed as mercenaries by the kings of Hungary. However following the establishment of the Christian

3854:(Representative). The Wasi would know the secret meaning of all rites and rules and would reveal them to small circles of initiates. 11308:

The Encyclopedia of the Arab-Israeli Conflict: A Political, Social, and Military History : A Political, Social, and Military History

4249:

in 1796 when they lost contact with him while he resided in India. The bulk of this group joined the Qasim-Shahi Nizaris led by the

2339:

s. It would take another one hundred years after al-Shafi'i for Sunni Muslim jurists to fully base their methodologies on prophetic

16097: 13640: 13387: 10714: 10628: 907: 344: 4671:

spiritual hierarchical set-up, law, dress code, customs, beliefs, eating habits, lifestyle, ethics and customary traditions, etc.

4092:

is the last of the Seven Islamic Pillars, and for them it means a struggle against one's own soul; striving toward righteousness.

16060: 15981: 13431: 11492: 2938:

The Musta'li split several times over disputes regarding who was the rightful Da'i al-Mutlaq, the leader of the community within

10868:

Most Druze do not consider themselves Muslim. Historically they faced much persecution and keep their religious beliefs secrets.

9942: 4382:

or analysts as well as a large contingent of medical professionals. Dawoodi Bohras are encouraged to educate themselves in both

16001: 14949: 12863: 8960: 6261: 4130:

Branching of Ismāʿilism within Shia Islam at a glance. (Note: Kaysani's Imam Hanafiyyah is a descendant of Ali from Ali's wife

2911:, about 2 years old, was protected by the most important woman in Musta'li history after Muhammad's daughter, Fatimah. She was 2811: 1017: 10826: 16011: 15968: 12603: 12012: 11502: 11484: 11315: 11171: 11149: 10557: 10532: 10435: 10323: 9891: 9802: 9637: 9610: 9067: 9059:

The Ismailis in the Middle Ages: A History of Survival, a Search for Salvation: A History of Survival, a Search for Salvation

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as his successor. Ultimately the court ruled in favor of Mufaddal Saifuddin as the righteous successor of the community

3560:

in Arabic), respectively. As a result, the prophets receive revelations as divine, spiritual, and nonverbal "inspiration" (

3499: 3468: 1798: 369: 122: 3532:

through a spiritual hierarchy that consists of the Universal Intellect, Universal Soul, and the angelic intermediaries of

2923:

who shifted da'wat to India. . Before the shift of da'wat in India, the da'i's representative were known as Wali-ul-Hind.

2841:, the younger, fought for political and spiritual control of the dynasty. Nizar was defeated and jailed, but according to 2833:

in 1094 CE. His rule was the longest of any caliph in both the Fatimid and other Islamic empires. After he died, his sons

11957: 9992: 9027: 4551:. They are referred to and prefer to be referred to as Ahle-Haq Ismaʻilis and Sulaymanis and not with the Bohras suffix. 3392:, which is a reference source on the history of Ismailism that was composed in 7 books by the Tayyibi Mustaʻlian Ismaili 3380:

never took root in this part of central Asia so even now, there are less than a few dozen Sunnis living among the Hunza.

3269:

progressed mainly under the Isma'ili-adhering Yemeni ruling class well into the 12th century, until the fall of the last

3224: 1202: 94: 13274: 3464: 3180:

It was announced with the advent of Imam Hassan II. In a show of his Imamate and to emphasize the interior meaning (the

4608:

There are also some 900–1000 Sulaymanis mainly from South Asia scattered around the world, in the Persian Gulf States,

4494:, and a case is pending in the Bombay High Court to resolve the matter. Qutbuddin has since died and appointed his son 3340:, is the only part of the world where Ismailis make up the majority of the population. This is due to Isma'ili scholar 2378:

and confront Yazid as an intercessor on part of the citizens of the empire. However, he was stopped by Yazid's army in

833: 4065:

Beyond the traditional five pillars of worship in Islam, Isma'ilis observe an additional two pillars, the first being

3229:

Through the 12th century, the Isma'ili continued to successfully ward off Sunni attempts to take Alamut, including by

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The ʻAlavi Bohras, popularly and incorrectly known as Alya Bohras, follow a different line of succession of Duʼaat (

3479:, which encompasses their different essences, their diverse species, their various types, and their changing forms. 101: 15734: 15590: 15125: 15021: 14314: 9551: 9001: 8554: 8498: 3529: 1405: 1263: 806: 247: 13067: 12812: 9828: 8934:. Исследования по прикладной и неотложной этнологии Института этнологии и антропологии РАН (in Russian). Moscow: 3850:

Whereas the Natiq was concerned with the rites and outward shape of religion, the inner meaning is entrusted to a

3433:

not abhor any science or shun any book, and not be unduly biased against any creed; for our philosophy and creed

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The Fatimids promoted ideas that were radical for that time. One was a promotion by merit rather than genealogy.

2138: 1982:

Isma'ilism rose at one point to become the largest branch of Shia Islam, climaxing as a political power with the

4359:

The Dawoodi Bohras are a very close-knit community who seeks advice from Dai on spiritual and temporal matters.

4009:

Isma'ilism has some difference. The Nizari Ismaili Muslims are strongly encouraged to pray what is known as the

3986:) of the Imamate is the Universal Intellect, and consequently, the Imam on earth is the focus of manifestation ( 2962:

are mostly exclusive to South Asia, after the migration of the da'wah from Yemen to India. Other groups include

2900:". This da'i was the only source of the Imam's knowledge after the occultation of al-Qasim in Musta'li thought. 2345:

s. Meanwhile, Imami Shia Muslims followed the Imams' interpretations of Islam as normative without any need for

16283: 15841: 15739: 14882: 12630: 12608: 11922: 11887: 11363: 9664: 8503: 7117: 6271: 6109: 3620:

The Isma'ilis believe that Muhammad is the living embodiment of the Quran. For instance, the renowned Isma'ili

1063: 751: 79: 75: 2599:

While many of the Isma'ili were content with the Da'i teachings, a group that mingled Persian nationalism and

108: 15651: 15410: 15145: 12757: 12640: 11897: 11717: 5448: 2458: 2307:

of the Prophet", but was used in connection to Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and some Umayyad Caliphs. The idea of

927: 781: 711: 16203: 16180: 15800: 15656: 15646: 15552: 15263: 14903: 13943: 13424: 13096: 12942: 12892: 12333: 11777: 9987: 3488:, an encyclopedic work on religion, sciences, and philosophy that permeates the Isma'ili school of thought. 3034: 2932: 2920: 1599: 1038: 731: 4118:, they believe, will all the other pillars and acts ordained by Islam be judged or even looked at by God. 3188:), only two years after his accession, the Imām Hasan 'Ala Zikrihi al-Salam conducted a ceremony known as 16305: 16170: 15986: 15754: 15547: 14982: 14571: 13461: 13325: 12673: 11987: 11497: 11474: 11469: 11379: 9406:

The Master and the Disciple: An Early Islamic Spiritual Dialogue on Conversion Kitab al-'alim wa'l-ghulam

7104: 3780:. In comparison to Ginans, Ismāʿīlīs of other origins, such as Persians, Arabs, and Central Asians, have 2665: 2494: 1415: 1283: 1278: 706: 518: 374: 231: 90: 12035: 16065: 15948: 15465: 14942: 13980: 13575: 13561: 13300: 13045: 12819: 12301: 11932: 11892: 11627: 11544: 11398: 9914: 9147: 8483: 7814: 3840:

For this sect, the Imām is the manifestation of truth, and hence he is their path of salvation to God.

3485: 3442: 3426: 3371:

by Sunni Muslim Turkic peoples because the two peoples did not share a common geographical region. The

3196:, whereby the Imam would once again become visible to his community of followers in and outside of the 2865: 1881: 1618: 1420: 1113: 1082: 736: 469: 5074:

The Shia belief throughout its history split over the issue of the Imamate. The largest branch is the

4554:

The total number of Sulaymanis currently are around 300,000, mainly living in the eastern district of

16145: 15846: 15675: 15371: 15151: 15114: 14893: 13527: 13245: 12896: 12658: 11882: 11787: 11762: 11612: 11356: 10723: 8508: 8493: 8182: 6284: 5731: 5059: 4751: 4602: 3831: 3801: 3590: 3045:. This signaled the end of the Hafizi Mustaali branch of Ismailism as well as the Fatimid Caliphate. 2608: 1519: 1288: 1048: 1009: 811: 551: 530: 514: 17: 14805: 2539:

that Ja'far al-Sadiq had preached about. However, at this point the Isma'ili Imams according to the

2423:

depicting Muhammad and Ali written in a single word. The 180 degrees inverted form shows both words.

16300: 16029: 15853: 15626: 15164: 14908: 14898: 14888: 13658: 13178: 12792: 12411: 11982: 11912: 10880: 10451: 7787: 7251: 6603: 5587: 5033: 4601:; these Sulaymani communities have been in the Jazeera-e Sind from the time of Fatimid Imam-Caliph 2908: 2678: 2513: 2142: 1791: 1746: 1338: 1273: 1091: 1033: 999: 902: 35: 3108:

Hassan-i Sabbah continued his missionary activities, which climaxed with his taking of the famous

2454:

of the Shia, which would later develop into an extremely spiritual institution for the Ismāʿīlīs.

16163: 15037: 14796: 14760: 12785: 12743: 12598: 12213: 12002: 11907: 11737: 11692: 11558: 11220: 10685:

The Origins of the Druze Religion: An Edition of Ḥamza's Writings and an Analysis of His Doctrine

9245:"Karbala in Istanbul: Scenes from the Ashura Commemorations of Zeynebiye – Ajam Media Collective" 8488: 6613: 6117: 5086:. All the groups follow a different line of Imamate linked together as shown in the chart below. 4976:. However, most scholars believe this group is either extremely small or non-existent today. The 4965: 3648:) of the divine revelations that Muhammad received, and beyond it lies the "esoteric dimension" ( 2919:

was first to be instituted to this office. The office of da'i continued in Yemen up to 24th da'i

2796:

Also during this period, the three contemporary branches of Isma'ilism formed. The first branch (

2462: 1904: 1716: 1195: 1043: 1004: 741: 716: 68: 15191: 11249: 11225: 4486:

community, Mohammed Burhanuddin. Two claimants emerged for the position of 53rd Da'i al-Mutlaq,

3679:

is the process of "returning" something to its metaphysical source. In the context of ontology,

3101:

and asked him who his successor would be, to which he responded that it would be his eldest son

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At this point, some of the Isma'ili community believed that Muhammad ibn Isma'il had gone into

2512:

However, following al-Sadiq's poisoning in 765, a fundamental split occurred in the community.

2268: 2248: 2153: 1897: 1824: 1681: 1295: 1268: 1073: 664: 456: 441: 273:

Ismāʿīli communities can be found in Pakistan, India, Central Asia, Syria, Iran, Saudi Arabia,

9573: 3847:(Speaker), who were commissioned to preach a religion of law to their respective communities. 3215:

Afterward, his descendants ruled as the Imams at Alamut until its destruction by the Mongols.

3177:

public and the lineage was hidden until a few Imāms later to avoid further attacks hostility.

2872:

However, in the Mustaali branch, Dai came to have a similar but more important task. The term

2488:

In contrast to his predecessors, Muhammad al-Baqir focused on academic Islamic scholarship in

1325: 16261: 16239: 15058: 14935: 14701: 14360: 13532: 13449: 13195: 13165: 12722: 12618: 12165: 11992: 11742: 11652: 11337: 9918: 9881: 9057: 7780: 6972: 4993: 4782: 4392: 4275:

to Shia Islam. His father the 30th Imam Radi al-Din II bin Tahir who died in 1509, came from

4245: 4004: 3924:

A fundamental aspect of Ismailism is the co-existence of the physical and the spiritual, the

3835: 2801: 2661: 2130: 2126: 1509: 1410: 1400: 1393: 1370: 1058: 962: 538: 14401: 10552:. New York: Cambridge University Press & The Institute of Ismaili Studies. p. 282. 9849:

One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the

9530: 9197: 9083: 3940:-Ismaili prose text from the post-Mongol period of Ismaili history, by an anonymous author. 3400:(born ca. 1392). This text presents the most comprehensive history of the Ismaili Imams and 2778:. Under the Fatimids, Egypt flourished and developed an extensive trade network in both the 2544: 2498:(The Archetypal Book), a conversation between Muhammad al-Baqir and three of his disciples. 1504: 15928: 15835: 15780: 14147: 13554: 13412: 13337: 13182: 12997: 12845: 12750: 12729: 12588: 12543: 12528: 12077: 11927: 11917: 11902: 11722: 11687: 11677: 11672: 11647: 11135: 10955:

Druze – An offshoot of Shi'ism; its members are not considered Muslims by orthodox Muslims.

8624:

Druze – An offshoot of Shi'ism; its members are not considered Muslims by orthodox Muslims.

8518: 7797: 7763: 5965: 4731: 4269: 4149:

The largest part of the Ismāʿīlī community, the Qasim-Shahi Nizari Ismāʿīlīs, today accept

3434: 3159: 3102: 3054: 2946:

followers tread the same path, following the same tradition of the Aimmat Fatimiyyeen. The

2834: 2624: 2540: 2134: 1877: 1696: 1553: 1440: 1375: 1305: 1110: 887: 721: 684: 614: 604: 426: 10398:

Forging the Ideal Educated Girl: The Production of Desirable Subjects in Muslim South Asia

9244: 3010:, so that Fatimid territory shrunk until it consisted only of Egypt. Damascus fell to the 115: 8: 16158: 16039: 15933: 15749: 15246: 15043: 14814: 14581: 14381: 14152: 13883: 13760: 13399: 12699: 12625: 11967: 11617: 11431: 9290: 8921: 7265: 4969: 4548: 4410:

Today there are approximately one million Dawoodi Bohra. The majority of these reside in

4272: 3875: 3549: 3209: 3201: 3098: 2830: 2200: 2114: 1931:) oriented, Shia Islam developed into two separate directions: the metaphorical Ismaili, 1784: 1731: 1711: 1648: 1320: 1300: 1221: 1122: 1068: 786: 771: 10632: 16384: 16320: 16234: 16085: 16021: 15829: 15805: 15482: 15460: 15420: 15310: 15223: 15174: 15140: 15031: 14745: 13628: 13584: 13329: 13142: 13029: 12803: 12764: 12678: 12513: 12476: 12438: 12360: 12235: 12007: 11792: 11667: 11642: 11464: 11451: 11150:"The Official Website of The Amman Message - The Three Points of The Amman Message V.1" 10808: 10743: 10188: 10051: 8458: 7420: 5661: 4889: 4885: 4813: 4739: 4735: 4491: 4487: 4314: 3476: 3364: 3125: 3023: 2755: 2738:

The Fatimid Caliphate expanded quickly under the subsequent Imams. Under the Fatimids,

2711:

scholars the task to disprove the lineage of the new dynasty. This became known as the

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The Druze, who live mostly in Syria, Lebanon, and Israel, are also Ismāʿīlī in origin.

8453: 4867: 4857: 2409:

during Muharram and may have announcements or sessions regarding the tragic events of

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Islamic Philosophy from Its Origin to the Present: Philosophy in the Land of Prophecy

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Religious Minorities in the Middle East: Domination, Self-Empowerment, Accommodation

3233:. The stronghold eventually met its destruction at the hands of the Khans in 1256. 3014:

in 1076, leaving the Fatimids only in charge of Egypt and the Levantine coast up to

16325: 16310: 16070: 15775: 15497: 15435: 15425: 15415: 15400: 15206: 15109: 15081: 14969: 13739: 13713: 13416: 13089: 12992: 12833: 12715: 12568: 12548: 12533: 12098: 11757: 11525: 10890: 10792: 10727: 10402: 10364: 10172: 10089:

The Devotional Poems of ʿAllāmah Naṣīr al-Dīn Hunzai as Inter-Cultural Translations

10043: 9790: 8777: 7444: 6124: 4927: 4594: 4506: 4495: 4309:

as the community split several times, each recognizing a different Dai. Today, the

4069:, which translates from Arabic as "purity." Similar to the more general concept of 3937: 3368: 3270: 2924: 2819: 2787: 2406: 2203:

was fought and Aisha was defeated, but was respectfully escorted to Medina by Ali.

2018: 1972: 1841: 1751: 1726: 1643: 1157: 922: 669: 414: 251: 174: 46: 9935: 9782: 4501:

Besides speaking the local languages, the Dawoodis have their own language called

4317:

as the 53rd Dāʿī al-Muṭlaq. The Dawoodi Bohras are based in India, along with the

16251: 15958: 15903: 15703: 15389: 15349: 15300: 15252: 15026: 14809: 14696: 14283: 13633: 13618: 13580: 13547: 13522: 13436: 13383: 13284: 13279: 13255: 13169: 13072: 13019: 13014: 12501: 12404: 12399: 12382: 12343: 12283: 12240: 12047: 11977: 11782: 11530: 10998:

Indigenous Peoples: An Encyclopedia of Culture, History, and Threats to Survival

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dialect, and one of the Shia Ismaili sects in the Syria of the eleventh century.

3147: 3076: 3065: 3042: 2939: 2912: 2904: 2877: 2857: 2850: 2807: 2657: 2560: 2555: 2439: 2259: 2239: 2190: 1815: 1691: 1536: 1445: 875: 843: 766: 585: 166: 14423: 10473:. London: I. B. Tauris Publishers and Institute of Ismaili Studies. p. 357. 10239: 10208:"Esoteric Interpretations of the Qur'an: The Foundations of Shia Ismaili Ta'wil" 8850: 8714: 3918:

In Ismailism, things have an exterior meaning, what is apparent. This is called

1458: 16363: 16090: 15943: 15785: 15487: 14831: 14750: 14616: 14593: 14576: 14427: 14352: 14276: 13797: 13703: 13312: 13267: 13262: 13113: 13082: 12987: 12870: 12708: 12461: 12394: 12387: 12377: 12225: 11962: 11823: 11752: 11727: 11587: 11520: 11436: 11244: 11172:"Letter by His Highness the Aga Khan endorsing the Amman Message and the fatwa" 10796: 10160: 9309: 8871:"Shi'a Ismaili Tradition in Central Asia – Evolution, Continuities and Changes" 8153: 7433: 5974: 5388: 4964:" hold that Ismāʿīl was the seventh and final Ismāʿīlī Imam, and that his son, 4897: 4707: 4629: 4502: 3708: 3504: 3414: 3372: 3030: 3003: 2967: 2950:

are mostly concentrated in Yemen and Saudi Arabia with some communities in the

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Many Ismaili sects do not ascribe to mainstream Islamic beliefs regarding the

3573: 2238:. According to the Nizari Isma'ili tradition, Hasan was "an Entrusted Imam" ( 1976: 389: 16378: 16266: 16103: 15953: 15492: 15455: 15430: 14755: 14685: 14665: 14627: 14251: 14236: 14000:

Abū ʿAbdillāh Muḥāmmad ibn Karrām ibn Arrāk ibn Huzāba ibn al-Barā’ as-Sijjī

13807: 13732: 13542: 13503: 13490: 13371: 13160: 13132: 13009: 12963: 12881: 12481: 12466: 12456: 12291: 12253: 12230: 12192: 12103: 11833: 11827: 11817: 11805: 10804: 10778: 10739: 10184: 10047: 9860: 9850: 8707: 8665: 8594: 8580: 8513: 8355: 7960: 7459: 6446: 6430: 6099: 5321: 4989: 4817: 4809: 4695: 4609: 4483: 4435: 4346: 4310: 4162: 3949: 3932: 3926: 3913: 3793: 3672: 3625: 3516: 3510: 3450: 3446: 3356: 3341: 3193: 3185: 3181: 3109: 3069: 3015: 3011: 3007: 2983: 2955: 2928: 2846: 2231: 2207: 2110: 1991: 1926: 1910: 1653: 1514: 1144: 1025: 984: 974: 858: 838: 756: 696: 545: 451: 384: 379: 14717: 10763: 10339: 10138:. Darmstadt, Germany: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft. pp. 202–204. 8733: 4186: 2814:(in about 1067 CE (460 AH)) were also sent to India in that time. They sent 16353: 16278: 15938: 15790: 15668: 15384: 15288: 15276: 14990: 14783: 14712: 14500:

Abū’l-Huzayl Muḥāmmad ibn al-Huzayl ibn Abdillāh al-Allāf al-Abdī al-Bāsrī

14440: 14418: 14409: 14309: 13786: 13602: 13537: 13230: 13127: 13118: 13024: 12778: 12446: 12365: 12296: 12160: 11657: 11597: 11572: 11553: 10969:

Piety, Politics, and Power: Lutherans Encountering Islam in the Middle East

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of the Imam and Dai, heaven is made obligatory. And only with this crucial

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in the 1840s after being blamed for a failed coup against the Shah of the

4126: 2547:

found areas where they would be able to be safe from the recently founded

761: 15915: 15405: 15344: 15271: 15158: 14765: 14487: 14455: 14405: 14271: 13969: 13934: 13916: 13708: 13445: 13375: 13055: 12954: 12523: 12496: 12486: 12423: 12328: 12318: 12313: 12145: 12128: 11952: 11867: 11707: 11582: 8337: 8173: 7587: 6960: 5052: 4812:

also pointed out that Druze were not Muslims, and neither 'Ahl al-Kitāb (

4786: 4675: 4641: 4555: 4427: 4423: 4379: 4318: 4258: 4150: 3333: 3305: 3266: 3234: 2991: 2959: 2704: 2612: 2394: 2106: 2074: 2026: 2010: 1631: 1546: 1541: 1492: 1425: 1380: 1365: 1360: 1350: 1315: 1153: 1135: 1117: 897: 701: 595: 590: 289: 285: 243: 10854:

The Middle East Today: Political, Geographical and Cultural Perspectives

9869:. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 248. 9270: 9005: 8558: 4172: 4077:

denotes a pure soul and includes bodily purity and cleanliness; without

4019:

in other forms are not obligatory, but Ismailis can offer them as well.

3324:. This community is the only one with a living Imam, whose title is the 2990:

under the Fatimids) declared their independence and their conversion to

2189:, the third of Muhammad's wives, claimed along with Uthman's tribe, the 42: 16208: 15305: 15280: 14414: 14211: 13992: 13938: 13836: 13774: 13725: 13691: 13644: 13565: 13498: 13485: 13403: 13379: 13308: 13213: 13155: 13077: 12980: 12353: 12117: 12113: 11947: 11872: 11848: 11813: 11767: 11702: 11662: 11637: 11592: 11577: 11567: 11240: 11216: 6763: 6741: 6294: 6280: 5089: 5083: 4977: 4938:

was recognized as the Imam of the Time as well as his descendants. The

4375: 4154: 3804: 3605: 3604:

view that it is a temporally created provision of sounds, and also the

3337: 3329: 3301: 3297: 3281: 3143: 2995: 2951: 2719: 2594: 2082: 1835: 1686: 1229: 863: 726: 625: 209: 198: 12198:

Abū’l-Hūsayn Abdūrrāhīm ibn Muḥāmmad ibn Uthmān al-Hayyāt (Hayyātīyya)

12057:

Abū Abdirrahmān Bishr ibn Ghiyāth ibn Abī Karīma al-Marīsī al-Baghdādī

10747: 9997: 5048:

and therefore cannot be excluded from the world community of Muslims.

2786:, which eventually determined the economic course of Egypt during the 2182:

was killed, and Ali, with popular support, ascended to the caliphate.

15923: 15354: 15169: 14669: 14657: 14635: 14566: 14479:

Abū Abdi’l-Lāh Ahmad ibn Abī Du'ad Faraj ibn Carīr ibn Mâlik al-Iyādī

14470: 14376: 14321: 14246: 13900: 13895: 13821: 13765: 13511: 13366: 13359: 13235: 13146: 13060: 13040: 12885: 12826: 12338: 12306: 12261:

Abū ʿAbdillāh al-Husayn ibn Muḥāmmad ibn ʿAbdillāh an-Najjār ar-Rāzī

12149: 12027: 11942: 11937: 11747: 11712: 11607: 11602: 10783: 10036:"Shi'i Ismaili Approaches to the Qur'an: From Revelation to Exegesis" 6291: 5258: 5192: 5079: 4655: 4621: 4582: 4577:

In India there are between 3000 and 5000 Sulaymanis living mainly in

4532: 4526: 4383: 4337:) only, with little bearing on doctrinal or theological differences. 4322: 4283:

and established his rule of the region. He was killed and a regional

4280: 3897: 3545: 3438: 2947: 2823: 2688: 2551:, which had defeated and seized control from the Umayyads in 750 CE. 2470: 2433: 2389:

This battle would become extremely important to the Shia psyche. The

2102: 1948: 1721: 1606: 1480: 1238: 650: 364: 14660: 10035: 9629:

Mullahs on the Mainframe: Islam and Modernity Among the Daudi Bohras

9476:

The Other God: Dualist Religions from Antiquity to the Cathar Heresy

5062:

explicitly delineates on page 11 the place of the Ismailis as being

3998: 3596:

The Isma'ili view on God's Speech is therefore in contrast with the

2730: 57: 16256: 15762: 15620: 15572: 15366: 15320: 15284: 15009: 14854: 14821: 14676: 14561: 14553: 14347: 13752: 13683: 13606: 13589: 13420: 13407: 13240: 13186: 12968: 12416: 12207: 12040: 11632: 11348: 10731: 8528: 8448: 8364: 7969: 7821: 7770: 7135: 6754: 4992:, which was issued on 9 November 2004 (27th of Ramadan 1425 AH) by 4935: 4833: 4792:

Even though the faith originally developed out of Isma'ilism, most

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led the devastating attack personally. As he would later do to the

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After the decay of the Fatimid political system in the 1160s, the

2315:, or traditions ascribed to Muhammad, was not mainstream, nor was 16271: 15877: 15565: 15445: 15337: 15330: 15325: 15067: 14859: 14839: 14800: 14645: 14492:

Abū Hāshīm Abdu’s-Salām ibn Muḥāmmad ibn Abdi’l-Wahhāb al-Jubbā'ī

14436: 14393: 14240: 14230: 13955: 13904: 13858: 13696: 13593: 13494: 13473: 13352: 13347: 13222: 13173: 13101: 13050: 12771: 12650: 12323: 12137: 12069: 11459: 11299:

Ismaʻili Modern: Globalization and Identity in a Muslim Community

10827:"Are the Druze People Arabs or Muslims? Deciphering Who They Are" 10592:. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 5, 98, 131–132. 10577:. New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt Ltd. p. 73. 10525:

A Brief Note on Other Tayyibi Communities: Sulaymanis and 'Alavis

8684:

Isma'ili Modern: Globalization and Identity in a Muslim Community

6769: 5583: 5075: 4961: 4951: 4931: 4821: 4801: 4797: 4404: 4387: 4102: 4042: 3966: 3621: 3597: 3388:

One of the most important texts in Ismaili historiography is the

3352: 3262:

and the rest of South Asia (which had both Mustaali and Nizari).

3230: 3083: 3038: 2987: 2775: 2763: 2715:, which tries to trace the lineage of the Fatimids to an alleged 2708: 2696: 2604: 2530: 2506: 2443: 2410: 2379: 2371: 2042: 2017:

branch. The community with the highest percentage of Ismailis is

2014: 2013:

as the 49th hereditary Imam, while other groups are known as the

1960: 1932: 1920: 1487: 1475: 1470: 1126: 934: 848: 828: 654: 620: 476: 409: 394: 10755: 4313:, which constitute the majority of the Mustaali Ismāʿīlī accept 15795: 15769: 15728: 15689: 15606: 15519: 15440: 15295: 15241: 15236: 15003: 14927: 14864: 14844: 14725: 14689: 13878: 13781: 13718: 13597: 13440: 13394: 12874: 12183:

Abū Mūsā Isā ibn Subeyh (Sabīh) al-Murdār al-Bāsrī (Murdārīyya)

12141: 12088: 11512: 11423: 10268:. Edinburgh, UK: Edinburgh University Press. pp. 196–199. 9972: 9358:. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. p. 104. 8468: 7614: 7596: 7574: 5001: 4983: 4939: 4919: 4913: 4880: 4804:

by those belonging to orthodox Islamic schools of thought (see

4613: 4586: 4563: 4431: 4396: 4355:

The divisions of the Mustaali, sometimes referred to as Bohras.

4276: 4241: 4166: 4144: 3894: 3781: 3769: 3763: 3629: 3553: 3472: 3455: 3289: 3169: 3113: 2999: 2861: 2842: 2751: 2743: 2627:. Following the arrival of the Al-Isfahani, they changed their 2607:, they accepted a young Persian former prisoner by the name of 2568: 2489: 2482: 2398: 2310: 2179: 2168: 2098: 2094: 2090: 2078: 2070: 2062: 2006: 1987: 1968: 1964: 1940: 1736: 1676: 1579: 1560: 1355: 1345: 1253: 912: 431: 12048:

Abū Muḥrīz Jahm ibn Ṣafwān ar-Rāsibī as-Samarqāndī at-Tirmidhī

9443: 4896:

by the end of the 13th century and later assimilated into the

4351: 3589:

According to the 14th Isma'ili Imam and fourth Fatimid Caliph

3146:

meaning both "those who use hashish" and "throat slitters" in

2695:

In parallel with the dynasty's claim of descent from ʻAlī and

2351:

s and other sources of Sunni law such as analogy and opinion.

1868: 1769: 16044: 15869: 15823: 15811: 15613: 15599: 15558: 15231: 15088: 15074: 14995: 14958: 14849: 13890: 13515: 13316: 13304: 12106: 12081: 12052: 11441: 10617:. New Delhi: Oriental Books Reprint Corporation. p. 284. 9759:

Leiden, Carl (May 1969). "Assassination in the Middle East".

8759: 8478: 8473: 7978: 5037: 5020: 5008: 4973: 4837: 4793: 4778: 4770: 4763: 4625: 4590: 4559: 4544: 4536: 4455: 4411: 4400: 4306: 4302: 4254: 4089: 4029: 4023: 4015: 3867: 3579: 3348: 3317: 3313: 3293: 3255: 3019: 2897: 2797: 2771: 2767: 2759: 2739: 2636: 2632: 2628: 2620: 2616: 2603:

surfaced known as the Qarmatians. With their headquarters in

2536: 2451: 2215: 2186: 2050: 2038: 2030: 1956: 1916: 1856: 1589: 1565: 823: 801: 491: 486: 481: 419: 404: 359: 328: 299: 221: 4257:

in Syria today, locally called the Jafariyah who follow the

3164: 2907:

tradition, after the death of Imam al-Amir, his infant son,

2397:

Isma'ili still mourn this event during an occasion known as

1986:

in the 10th through 12th centuries. Ismailis believe in the

1915:) of the Islamic religion. With the eventual development of 15710: 15682: 15632: 15579: 15524: 15095: 14543:

Abū’l-Kāsīm Abdullāh ibn Ahmad ibn Māhmūd al-Balhī al-Kā‘bī

12092: 12087:

Abū Muḥāmmad (Abū’l-Hākem) Heshām ibn Sālem al-Jawālikī al-

12017: 9789:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 301–402, 9691:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. pp. 106–108. 6450: 4774: 4510: 4459: 4261: 4253:

in 1887. There are 15,000 followers of this line of Nizari

4158: 4054: 4037: 3972: 3863: 3777: 3772:

religious texts. They are written in the form of poetry by

3508:

Ismāʿīlīs believe the Quran has two layers of meaning, the

3321: 2971: 2716: 2653: 2465:

in 713, the first succession crisis of the Shia arose with

2375: 2066: 2054: 501: 496: 238: 14503:

Abū Ma‘n Sūmāma ibn Ashras an-Nūmayrī al-Bāsrī al-Baghdādī

10488:. New Delhi: Vikas Publishing House Pvt Ltd. p. 122. 10093:

Mitteilungen fuer Anthropologie und Religionsgeschichte 17

9913: 9349: 9347: 9345: 9329: 8799:"Ismaili Philosophy | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy" 3116:

into an outpost of Fatimid rule within Abbasid territory.

12451: 9428: 9383:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. pp. 36–50. 5392: 5325: 5254: 4301:

In time, the seat for one chain of Dai was split between

4187:

Reforms (on marriage, divorce, segregation and education)

3715:) are the Imams. As a result of being divinely inspired ( 3704: 3087: 2447: 2160: 1862: 1847: 969: 12193:

Abū Alī Muḥāmmad ibn Abdi’l-Wahhāb ibn Sallām al-Jubbā'ī

11054:

Middle Eastern Minorities: The Impact of the Arab Spring

10913:

The Political Role of Minority Groups in the Middle East

10161:"The Right Path: A Post-Mongol Persian Ismaili Treatise" 9578:. Vol. 1. Asian Educational Services. p. 199. 9488: 30:"Ismaili" redirects here. For people with the name, see 11343: 10656:

The Princeton Encyclopedia of Islamic Political Thought

10401:. California: University of California Press. pp. 10318:. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Law School. pp. 285–295. 10259: 10257: 9342: 9028:"The Kharijites and their impact on Contemporary Islam" 8899:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. pp. 1–4. 4287:

ruler Mirza Khan established his rule over the region.

3355:

and developed a community based upon the principles of

4734:. They have further split into two more branches, the 4013:(a specific Nizari Ismaili prayer) three times a day. 3750:. Every Imam provides this authoritative instruction ( 3703:), Muhammad is the Messenger, Imam ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib ( 12245:

Abū Amr Ḍirār ibn Amr al-Gatafānī al-Kūfī (Ḍirārīyya)

12208:

Abū Uthmān Amr ibn Bhār ibn Māhbūb al-Jāhiz al-Kinānī

10708:

Poonawala, Ismail K. (July–September 1999). "Review:

10653: 9923:. Printed at the Foreign department press. p. 56 9330:

Shaykh ‘Abd al-Hakeem Seth, Carney (2 October 2014).

4217: 4173:

Islamic marriage contract reforms by the Aga Khan III

2998:

invasions. After about 1070, the Fatimid hold on the

2725: 2687:

After raising an army and successfully defeating the

2292:, and it was inherited by his successors, the Imams. 1850: 1844: 14475:

Abū Sahl Bīshr ibn al-Mu‘tamīr al-Hilālī al-Baghdādī

12078:

Abu’l-Hassan Muqātil ibn Sulaymān ibn Bashīr al-Azdī

10430:. New York: I.B. Tauris & Co. pp. 247–264. 10254: 9943:"The Institute of Ismaili Studies publications news" 9883:

Situating the Uyghurs between China and Central Asia

9680: 9461:

Early Philosophical Shiism: The Ismaili Neoplatonism

5090:

A schematic of the development of important branches

3663:

that is used to reveal this "esoteric dimension" or

3142:

meaning annihilators as mentioned in Quran 3:152 or

2891: 2864:, the former claiming that the 21st Imam and son of 2427: 2346: 2340: 2334: 2328: 2322: 2316: 2308: 2302: 2296: 2287: 2273: 2253: 2194: 1924: 1908: 1865: 1829: 10886:

The Encyclopedia of Cults, Sects, and New Religions

10527:. New York: I.B.Tauris & Co. Ltd. p. 355. 9458: 9372: 5018:

Principles related to delivering religious edicts (

4918:

This branch held that whoever the political ruler (

4892:their community was either Christianized or became 4678:have their spiritual and temporal head as the 45th 3699:. For example, in the Isma'ili hierarchical ranks ( 3652:) of the religion that contains the divine truths ( 1859: 1853: 82:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 14519:Abū Bakr Muḥāmmad ibn Abdillāh ibn Shabīb al-Basrī 14467:Abū Amr (Abū Mu‘tamīr) Muāmmar ibn Abbād as-Sūlamī 12186:Hīshām ibn Amr al-Fuwātī ash-Shaybānī (Hīshāmīyya) 11301:. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. 10452:"Muslim Sect Sees Struggle Through Christian Lens" 9879: 9783:"Nizārī Ismāʿīlī history during the Alamūt period" 8888: 8686:. University of North Carolina Press. p. 35. 3138:is said to have been derived from the Arabic word 45:. For the administrative subdivision of Iran, see 14012:Haisamīyya (Abū ʿAbdallāh Muhammad ibn al-Haisam) 11185: 10873: 10779:"The Origins of the Druze Religion (Fortsetzung)" 10631:. Islamic Voice. 12 February 1998. Archived from 4547:. The denomination is named after its 27th Daʻī, 3999:Approach to the traditional five pillars of Islam 3719:), the Prophets, Legatees, and Imams can perform 3002:coast and parts of Syria was challenged by first 2829:The second split occurred following the death of 16376: 12941: 12175:Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm ibn Sayyār ibn Hāni’ an-Nazzām 10658:. Princeton University Press. pp. 139–140. 9552:"al-Hakim bi Amr Allah: Fatimid Caliph of Egypt" 9422: 8868: 3734:Unlike prophets, the Imams cannot compose a new 3600:view that it is eternal sounds and letters, the 2896:) literally means "the absolute or unrestricted 2672: 2477:as the Imām, whilst the rest of the Shia upheld 14339:Abū Abdillāh Mugīre ibn Sāīd al-ʿIjlī el-Bajalī 12189:Abū Sahl Abbād ibn Sulaimān (Salmān) as-Sāymarī 11211: 11209: 11193:"Introduction by HRH PRINCE GHAZI BIN MUHAMMAD" 9825:"Ismaili Muslims in the remote Pamir mountains" 5069: 4884:) denomination of the Muslims who lived in the 4505:"Tongue of the Dāʻwat". This is written in the 4458:which is distinguished from other forms of the 4235: 4100:Another central act of worship for Ismailis is 3862:("the original religion of Adam") practised by 3707:) is his Legatee, and his successors from Imam 3119: 3086:family living in the scholarly Persian city of 1876:) get their name from their acceptance of Imam 312:2.5 million, or between 5 million to 15 million 10095:(1), 305–316. Münster, Germany: Ugarit-Verlag. 9652: 9467: 9408:. Institute for Ismaili Studies. p. 256. 8721:Spencer C. Tucker & Priscilla Roberts 2008 8635: 5066:the Ja'fari school as stated by the Aga Khan. 4060: 3367:, being Isma'ili, were not subjected to being 14943: 12920:List of contemporary Muslim scholars of Islam 12270:Abū ʿAbdallāh Ibnū’z-Zā‘farānī (Zā‘farānīyya) 11364: 11306:Spencer C. Tucker; Priscilla Roberts (2008). 11273:. Edinburgh, UK: Edinburgh University Press. 10710:The Fatimids and Their Traditions of Learning 10103: 10101: 4980:were the most active branch of the Seveners. 4240:The offshoot of the Muhammad-Shahi or Mumini 3792:) written in Persian by missionaries such as 3218: 1792: 1196: 11206: 10943:. University of Michigan Press. p. 33. 10394: 9632:. University of Chicago Press. p. 139. 9446:Women and the Fatimids in the World of Islam 9299:, State University of New York Press, p. 146 8994: 8979: 8710:. Encyclopaedia Britannica. 20 January 2017. 8668:. Encyclopædia Britannica. 20 January 2017. 8612:. University of Michigan Press. p. 33. 8597:. Encyclopaedia Britannica. 20 January 2017. 8583:. Encyclopaedia Britannica. 20 January 2017. 5028:The three-point declaration (later known as 4984:Inclusion in Amman Message and Islamic Ummah 4745: 2295:In the 1st century after Muhammad, the term 14018:Ishāqīyya (Abū Yaʿqūb Ishāq ibn Mahmashādh) 11233: 10995: 10910: 10879: 10687:. University of Oxford Press. p. 239. 10682: 9659:. Cambridge University Press. p. 299. 4674:While lesser-known and smallest in number, 4454:, a distinctive form of the commonly known 4085:, prayers are not believed to be accepted. 3904:. The Imam is the Pir in Nizari Ismailism. 3807:qaṣā’id a "ginān book in Hunza language". 3153: 2977: 2818:to Dongaon to look after southern part and 14950: 14936: 14039:Tarā'ifīyya (Ahmad ibn ʿAbdūs at-Tarā'ifī) 11391: 11371: 11357: 10966: 10915:. Michigan University Press. p. 114. 10851: 10550:The Ismaʻilis: Their History and Doctrines 10332: 10098: 9656:The Ismaʻilis: Their History and Doctrines 9356:The Ismāʿīlīs: Their history and doctrines 8919: 4605:when he sent his Daʻīs to Jazeera-e Sind. 3858:religions, abrogate the law and introduce 3417:(IIS) and Dr Sarab Atassi-Khattab (IFPO). 2856:The Musta'li line split again between the 1799: 1785: 1203: 1189: 11296: 11239: 11215: 10971:. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 14. 10707: 10612: 10522: 10390: 10388: 10309: 10307: 10305: 9961: 9739: 9737: 9735: 9733: 9473: 8985: 8846: 8844: 8681: 4994:King Abdullah II bin Al-Hussein of Jordan 3757: 3383: 3041:, seize Egypt in 1169, forming the Sunni 2501:This tradition would pass on to his son, 1896:, the younger brother of Isma'il, as the 142:Learn how and when to remove this message 13641:Abd Allah ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah 12180:Abū Bakr Abdurrahmān ibn Kaysān al-Asāmm 11106:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 37. 11101: 10715:Journal of the American Oriental Society 10483: 10303: 10301: 10299: 10297: 10295: 10293: 10291: 10289: 10287: 10285: 10236:"The Ismaili: His Highness the Aga Khan" 10029: 10027: 10025: 10023: 10021: 10019: 10017: 10015: 9743: 9598: 9571: 9431:Imagining the End: Visions of Apocalypse 8640:. Oxford University Press. p. 142. 4350: 4125: 3503: 3435:encompasses all creeds and all knowledge 3163: 2729: 2652: 2642: 2524: 2481:as the Imām. The Zaidis argued that any 2415: 2359: 2354: 2089:, and have in recent years emigrated to 13864:Nafi ibn al-Azraq al-Hānafī al-Handhalī 11287: 11268: 11123: 10587: 10547: 10468: 10419: 10263: 10073: 10071: 10069: 10067: 10065: 9985: 9886:. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 20. 9780: 9752: 9711: 9686: 9378: 9353: 8894: 7119:17. ʻAlī az-Zāhir li-A'zaz li Din-illah 3586:) of God’s actual cosmic commandments. 3544:who are identified with the archangels 3332:, which includes parts of northeastern 3316:, and they have smaller populations in 14: 16377: 13221: 12864:Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity 11132:BEKTAŞI MONASTERIES IN OTTOMAN HUNGARY 11076: 10938: 10776: 10590:Mediaeval Ismaʻili History and Thought 10425: 10385: 10214: 10205: 10158: 10033: 9835: 9758: 9730: 9531:"Muhammad Al-Mahdi (386–411/996–1021)" 9403: 9173:"Battle of Karbala' | Islamic history" 9141:"Arab Law Quarterly 26 (2012) 393–437" 9052: 8958: 8841: 8757: 8607: 6270:(incorrectly identified as the son of 4956:A branch of the Ismāʿīlī known as the 3524:In the Isma'ili belief, God's Speech ( 3258:(which has both Druze and Nizari) and 1880:as the appointed spiritual successor ( 16130: 15898: 15514: 14931: 12940: 12013:Kanthapuram A. P. Aboobacker Musliyar 11390: 11352: 11290:Historical dictionary of the Ismailis 11129: 11056:. Taylor & Francis. p. 126. 11051: 11023: 10572: 10313: 10282: 10040:The Routledge Companion to the Qur'An 10012: 9776: 9774: 9625: 8923:Памирские мигранты-исмаилиты в России 8638:The Oxford Handbook of American Islam 8433: 8431: 8429: 8427: 8425: 8423: 8421: 8419: 8417: 8415: 8413: 8411: 8409: 8407: 8405: 8403: 8401: 8399: 8397: 8391: 8389: 8387: 8385: 8383: 8381: 8379: 8377: 8375: 8373: 8371: 8369: 8362: 8360: 8353: 8351: 8344: 8342: 8335: 8333: 8331: 8329: 8327: 8325: 8323: 8321: 8319: 8301: 8299: 8297: 8295: 8293: 8291: 8289: 8287: 8285: 8283: 8281: 8279: 8277: 8275: 8273: 8271: 8269: 8267: 8261: 8259: 8257: 8239: 8237: 8235: 8229: 8227: 8225: 8223: 8221: 8219: 8217: 8215: 8213: 8207: 8205: 8203: 8201: 8199: 8197: 8195: 8193: 8191: 8180: 8178: 8171: 8169: 8162: 8151: 8149: 8147: 8145: 8143: 8141: 8139: 8099: 8097: 8095: 8093: 8091: 8089: 8087: 8085: 8083: 8081: 8079: 8077: 8075: 8073: 8071: 8069: 8067: 8065: 8059: 8025: 8023: 8021: 8019: 8017: 8015: 8013: 8005: 8003: 8001: 7999: 7997: 7995: 7993: 7991: 7989: 7987: 7985: 7983: 7976: 7974: 7967: 7965: 7958: 7949: 7947: 7945: 7943: 7941: 7939: 7937: 7935: 7933: 7927: 7925: 7923: 7921: 7919: 7917: 7915: 7913: 7911: 7909: 7907: 7905: 7903: 7897: 7895: 7893: 7887: 7885: 7883: 7877: 7875: 7873: 7871: 7869: 7867: 7865: 7863: 7861: 7859: 7857: 7855: 7853: 7845: 7843: 7841: 7839: 7837: 7835: 7833: 7831: 7829: 7827: 7812: 7795: 7793: 7778: 7776: 7761: 7759: 7757: 7755: 7753: 7751: 7749: 7747: 7745: 7727: 7725: 7723: 7721: 7719: 7717: 7715: 7713: 7711: 7709: 7707: 7705: 7703: 7697: 7695: 7693: 7675: 7673: 7671: 7669: 7667: 7665: 7663: 7661: 7659: 7651: 7649: 7647: 7645: 7643: 7641: 7639: 7637: 7635: 7633: 7631: 7629: 7627: 7625: 7623: 7621: 7619: 7609: 7607: 7605: 7594: 7592: 7585: 7583: 7581: 7579: 7572: 7570: 7568: 7566: 7564: 7558: 7556: 7554: 7552: 7550: 7548: 7546: 7544: 7542: 7540: 7538: 7536: 7534: 7528: 7526: 7524: 7522: 7520: 7514: 7512: 7510: 7504: 7502: 7500: 7498: 7496: 7490: 7488: 7486: 7484: 7482: 7476: 7474: 7472: 7470: 7468: 7466: 7457: 7455: 7453: 7451: 7442: 7440: 7431: 7429: 7427: 7425: 7418: 7416: 7414: 7412: 7410: 7394: 7392: 7390: 7388: 7386: 7384: 7382: 7380: 7378: 7376: 7370: 7368: 7366: 7364: 7362: 7346: 7344: 7342: 7340: 7338: 7332: 7330: 7328: 7326: 7324: 7300: 7298: 7296: 7294: 7292: 7263: 7261: 7259: 7257: 7250: 7248: 7246: 7244: 7242: 7236: 7234: 7232: 7230: 7228: 7226: 7224: 7222: 7220: 7218: 7216: 7214: 7212: 7210: 7208: 7206: 7204: 7202: 7200: 7198: 7192: 7190: 7188: 7186: 7184: 7178: 7176: 7174: 7172: 7170: 7164: 7162: 7160: 7158: 7156: 7154: 7152: 7150: 7148: 7146: 7144: 7142: 7140: 7133: 7131: 7129: 7127: 7125: 7123: 7116: 7114: 7112: 7110: 7103: 7101: 7099: 7097: 7095: 7089: 7087: 7085: 7083: 7081: 7079: 7077: 7075: 7073: 7071: 7069: 7067: 7065: 7063: 7057: 7055: 7053: 7051: 7049: 7047: 7045: 7039: 7037: 7035: 7033: 7031: 7025: 7023: 7021: 7019: 7017: 7005: 7003: 7001: 6999: 6997: 6995: 6989: 6987: 6985: 6983: 6981: 6979: 6970: 6959: 6957: 6955: 6953: 6951: 6945: 6943: 6941: 6939: 6937: 6935: 6933: 6931: 6929: 6927: 6925: 6923: 6921: 6915: 6913: 6911: 6909: 6907: 6905: 6903: 6897: 6895: 6893: 6891: 6889: 6883: 6881: 6879: 6877: 6875: 6869: 6867: 6865: 6863: 6861: 6859: 6857: 6855: 6853: 6851: 6849: 6847: 6845: 6839: 6837: 6835: 6833: 6831: 6829: 6827: 6821: 6819: 6817: 6815: 6813: 6807: 6805: 6803: 6801: 6799: 6793: 6791: 6789: 6787: 6785: 6783: 6777: 6775: 6761: 6759: 6752: 6750: 6748: 6746: 6739: 6737: 6735: 6733: 6731: 6725: 6723: 6721: 6719: 6717: 6715: 6713: 6711: 6709: 6707: 6705: 6703: 6697: 6695: 6693: 6687: 6685: 6683: 6677: 6675: 6673: 6671: 6669: 6667: 6665: 6663: 6661: 6659: 6657: 6651: 6649: 6647: 6645: 6643: 6641: 6639: 6637: 6635: 6633: 6631: 6629: 6623: 6621: 6612: 6610: 6601: 6599: 6597: 6595: 6593: 6591: 6589: 6587: 6585: 6583: 6581: 6569: 6567: 6565: 6563: 6561: 6559: 6557: 6555: 6553: 6551: 6549: 6547: 6545: 6539: 6537: 6535: 6529: 6517: 6515: 6513: 6511: 6509: 6507: 6505: 6503: 6501: 6499: 6497: 6487: 6485: 6483: 6481: 6479: 6477: 6475: 6473: 6471: 6469: 6467: 6465: 6463: 6457: 6455: 6444: 6429: 6427: 6425: 6423: 6421: 6419: 6417: 6415: 6413: 6411: 6409: 6403: 6401: 6399: 6397: 6395: 6393: 6391: 6389: 6387: 6385: 6383: 6381: 6379: 6373: 6371: 6369: 6363: 6361: 6359: 6353: 6351: 6349: 6347: 6345: 6343: 6341: 6339: 6337: 6335: 6333: 6327: 6325: 6323: 6321: 6319: 6317: 6315: 6313: 6311: 6309: 6307: 6302: 6300: 6278: 6276: 6260: 6258: 6256: 6254: 6252: 6250: 6248: 6246: 6244: 6242: 6240: 6234: 6232: 6230: 6228: 6226: 6224: 6222: 6220: 6218: 6216: 6214: 6212: 6210: 6204: 6202: 6200: 6194: 6192: 6190: 6184: 6182: 6180: 6178: 6176: 6174: 6172: 6170: 6168: 6166: 6164: 6156: 6154: 6152: 6150: 6148: 6146: 6144: 6142: 6140: 6138: 6136: 6131: 6129: 6116: 6098: 6096: 6094: 6092: 6090: 6088: 6086: 6084: 6082: 6080: 6078: 6072: 6070: 6068: 6066: 6064: 6062: 6060: 6058: 6056: 6054: 6052: 6050: 6048: 6042: 6040: 6038: 6032: 6030: 6028: 6026: 6024: 6022: 6020: 6018: 6016: 6014: 6012: 6010: 6008: 6006: 6004: 5998: 5996: 5994: 5992: 5990: 5988: 5986: 5984: 5982: 5980: 5978: 5973: 5971: 5964: 5962: 5960: 5958: 5956: 5954: 5952: 5950: 5948: 5946: 5944: 5942: 5940: 5938: 5936: 5918: 5916: 5914: 5912: 5910: 5908: 5906: 5904: 5902: 5900: 5898: 5896: 5894: 5892: 5890: 5888: 5870: 5868: 5866: 5864: 5862: 5860: 5858: 5856: 5854: 5852: 5850: 5848: 5846: 5844: 5842: 5804: 5802: 5800: 5798: 5796: 5794: 5792: 5790: 5788: 5786: 5784: 5782: 5780: 5778: 5742: 5740: 5723: 5721: 5719: 5717: 5715: 5713: 5711: 5709: 5707: 5705: 5703: 5701: 5699: 5693: 5687: 5685: 5683: 5681: 5679: 5677: 5675: 5673: 5671: 5669: 5667: 5660: 5654: 5652: 5650: 5648: 5646: 5644: 5642: 5640: 5638: 5636: 5634: 5632: 5630: 5624: 5618: 5616: 5614: 5612: 5610: 5608: 5606: 5604: 5602: 5600: 5598: 5596: 5594: 5592: 5581: 5575: 5573: 5571: 5569: 5567: 5565: 5563: 5561: 5559: 5557: 5555: 5553: 5551: 5545: 5539: 5537: 5535: 5533: 5531: 5529: 5527: 5525: 5523: 5521: 5519: 5517: 5510: 5504: 5502: 5500: 5498: 5496: 5494: 5492: 5490: 5488: 5486: 5484: 5482: 5480: 5474: 5468: 5466: 5464: 5462: 5460: 5458: 5456: 5454: 5447: 5441: 5439: 5437: 5435: 5433: 5431: 5429: 5427: 5425: 5423: 5417: 5411: 5409: 5407: 5405: 5403: 5401: 5399: 5397: 5386: 5380: 5378: 5376: 5374: 5372: 5370: 5368: 5366: 5364: 5362: 5360: 5358: 5356: 5350: 5344: 5342: 5340: 5338: 5336: 5334: 5332: 5330: 5319: 5313: 5311: 5309: 5307: 5305: 5303: 5301: 5299: 5297: 5295: 5293: 5291: 5289: 5283: 5277: 5275: 5273: 5271: 5269: 5267: 5265: 5263: 5252: 5246: 5244: 5242: 5240: 5238: 5236: 5234: 5232: 5230: 5228: 5226: 5224: 5222: 5216: 5210: 5208: 5206: 5204: 5202: 5200: 5198: 5196: 5191: 5185: 5183: 5181: 5179: 5177: 5175: 5173: 5171: 5169: 5167: 5165: 5163: 5161: 5155: 5149: 5147: 5145: 5143: 5141: 5139: 5137: 5135: 5130: 5124: 5122: 5120: 5118: 5116: 5114: 5112: 5110: 5108: 5106: 5104: 5102: 5100: 5098: 5096: 5030:The Three Points of the Amman Message 4972:and bring about an age of justice as 4244:Ismailis who follow the elder son of 3776:to interpret the meanings of Quranic 3667:of the divine revelation is known as 3292:have maintained large populations in 3192:(resurrection) at the grounds of the 15899: 15515: 11378: 11138:. pp. 227–248 Vol. 61, No. 1/2. 10356: 10206:Gnosis, Ismaili (28 December 2015). 10133: 10062: 9854: 9491:Classical Islam: A History, 600–1258 9444:Delia Cortese, Simonetta Calderini. 9219:"Ashoura through the eyes of Sunnis" 5078:, followed by the Ismailis then the 3727:) to the lower ranks of the Ismaili 3500:Esoteric interpretation of the Quran 3493: 2147: 80:adding citations to reliable sources 51: 13652:ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Hārb ibn al-Kindi 9993:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 9310:"Imam Ja'far b. Muhammad al Sadi'q" 8758:Foundation, Encyclopaedia Iranica. 4846: 4368: 4223:to this critique by claiming that: 3789: 3459:, with the understanding that they 3225:Mongol campaign against the Nizaris 3097:Legend holds that he met with Imam 2881: 2263: 2258:) Husayn was the "Permanent Imam" ( 2243: 2005:The larger sect of Ismaili are the 1819: 1088:ʿAbd al-Majīd al-Ḥāfiz li-Dīn Allāh 178: 170: 24: 11253:. Vol. I/6. pp. 638–639. 11229:. Vol. I/2. pp. 182–183. 9771: 8760:"Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica" 5730: 4418:, but there is also a significant 4218:Barriers to realization of reforms 4165:. Aga Hassan ʻAlī Shah settled in 3993: 3059: 2853:Isma'ilis had accepted his claim. 2734:The Fatimid Caliphate at its peak. 2726:The Middle East under Fatimid rule 25: 16401: 14024:Muhājirīyya (Ibrāhīm ibn Muhājir) 11326: 11081:. Soft Skull Press. p. 129. 10471:A Modern History of the Ismaʻilis 4701: 3636:is the "locus of manifestation" ( 3184:) over the exterior meaning (the 2588: 2577:The Book of the Sage and Disciple 2428:The beginnings of Ismāʿīlī Daʿwah 2301:was not specifically defined as " 16359: 16358: 16347: 15878:Schools of islamic jurisprudence 15126:Timeline of the history of Islam 14957: 14042:Tūnīyya (Abū Bakr ibn ʿAbdallāh) 12264:Abū Amr (Abū Yahyā) Hāfs al-Fard 12136:Abū Marwān Gaylān ibn Mūslīm ad- 11814:Abū Ḥanīfah al-Nu'mān ibn Thābit 11164: 11142: 11095: 11070: 11045: 11017: 10428:A Modern History of the Ismailis 9842: 9332:"Succession of Ismail ibn Jafar" 9062:. Oxford University Press, USA. 8928:Pamir Ismaili Migrants in Russia 5967:6. Ismāʿīl ibn Jaʿfar al-Mubārak 5450:3. Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin 4800:, Druze also are not considered 4340: 3881: 3723:and disclose it as instruction ( 3082:Hassan-i Sabbah was born into a 2021:, but Isma'ilis can be found in 1840: 1768: 1237: 1172: 1064:ʿAlī al-Ẓāhir li-iʿzāz Dīn Allāh 343: 264:Branches and sects of Isma'ilism 187: 56: 16219:List of ex-Muslim organisations 14589:United Submitters International 13873:Abu Bayhas al-Hāytham ibn Jābir 13251:Alid dynasties of northern Iran 12604:Al-Mu'ayyad fi'l-Din al-Shirazi 11292:. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press. 11271:A Short History of the Ismailis 11221:"ʿAbdallāh b. Maymūn al-Qaddāḥ" 10989: 10960: 10932: 10904: 10845: 10819: 10770: 10701: 10676: 10647: 10621: 10613:Hollister, John Norman (1979). 10606: 10581: 10566: 10541: 10516: 10502: 10477: 10462: 10444: 10350: 10266:A Short History of the Ismailis 10228: 10199: 10152: 10127: 10081: 10034:Andani, Khalil (January 2021). 9979: 9907: 9873: 9817: 9705: 9689:A Short History of the Ismailis 9646: 9619: 9592: 9575:The Tribes and Castes of Bombay 9565: 9544: 9523: 9497: 9482: 9452: 9437: 9429:Abbas Amanat, Magnus Thorkell. 9397: 9381:A Short History of the Ismailis 9323: 9302: 9284: 9263: 9237: 9211: 9190: 9165: 9133: 9123: 9110: 9097: 9076: 9046: 9020: 8952: 8913: 8897:A Short History of the Ismailis 8869:Sarfaroz Niyozov (March 2010). 8862: 8816: 8791: 8770: 8751: 8726: 8636:Yazbeck Haddad, Yvonne (2014). 4715: 2994:, which led to the devastating 2438:After being set free by Yazid, 1963:groups focusing on divine law ( 1888:, wherein they differ from the 1005:Muhammad ibn Ismāʿīl ash-Shākir 67:needs additional citations for 14883:Sunni schools of jurisprudence 13901:Abū Yazīd Mukhallad ibn Kayrād 12614:Abu'l-Fawaris Ahmad ibn Ya'qub 12609:Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Naysaburi 12267:Muḥāmmad ibn ʿĪsā (Burgūsīyya) 11888:Abu Ishaq al-Saffar al-Bukhari 10996:R. Williams, Victoria (2020). 9975:: Dar Sadir. 1957. p. 52. 9489:Gustave Edmund Von Grunebaum. 8700: 8675: 8658: 8629: 8601: 8587: 8573: 8547: 8504:List of the Order of Assassins 6272:ʿAbdallāh ibn Maymūn al-Qaddāḥ 6110:ʿAbdallāh ibn Maymūn al-Qaddāḥ 4796:no longer consider themselves 4635: 4264:in the absence of their Imam. 3802:ʿAllāmah Naṣīr al-Dīn Hunzai's 3453:, with the aim to grasp their 1083:Manṣūr al-Āmir bi-Aḥkām’il-Lāh 1074:Nizār al-Muṣṭafā li-Dīn’il-Lāh 13: 1: 14315:al-Mufaddal ibn Umar al-Ju'fi 12641:Ali ibn Muhammad ibn al-Walid 10575:Muslim Communities in Gujarat 10484:Engineer, Asghar Ali (1980). 10395:Khoja Moolji, Sheila (2018). 10360:Ismaili Hymns from South Asia 10357:Moir, Zawahir (4 July 2013). 10316:The Islamic Marriage Contract 9599:Engineer, Asghar Ali (1993). 8535: 8499:List of Isma'ili missionaries 6973:16. Dâʼî-Âʼzam Târiqʼûl-Hâkim 4851: 4478:after the demise of the 52nd 3900:, the head Dai is called the 3810: 3738:, instead they interpret the 2673:Rise of the Fatimid Caliphate 2574:Ja'far bin Mansur al-Yaman's 2459:Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin 1967:) and the deeds and sayings ( 1000:Ismāʿīl ibn Jaʿfar al-Mubārak 309: 263: 16204:Apostasy in Islam by country 16081:Liberalism and progressivism 14003:ʿĀbidīyya (ʿUthmān al-ʿĀbid) 13944:Abd Allah ibn Wahb al-Rasibi 13925:'Abdullāh ibn Ibāḍ al-Tamimi 12943:Islamic schools and branches 11778:Abdullah ibn Alawi al-Haddad 11683:Izz al-Din ibn 'Abd al-Salam 11344:Institute of Ismaili Studies 10911:De McLaurin, Ronald (1979). 10159:Virani, Shafique N. (2010). 9855:Ethé, Karl Hermann (1911). " 9795:10.1017/cbo9780511497551.009 8824:"Early Philosophical Shiism" 8540: 7268:Maʼadd al-Mûstansir bi l-Lāh 6975:Abū ʿAlī Manṣūr bi-AmrʿAllâh 6606:ʿAbd Allâh al-Mahdī bi l-Lāh 5070:Ismailism amongst Shia Islam 4652:ʻAli Shams al-Din b. Ibrahim 4520: 4290: 4236:Muhammad-Shahi Nizari/Mumini 4177: 3731:, including regular people. 3351:mainly settled in Syria and 3248: 3120:The Hashasheen / Assassiyoon 3035:Nur ad-Din, atabeg of Aleppo 2933:list of Dai of Dawoodi Bohra 2660:in Cairo, Egypt, erected by 2139:History of Nizari Isma'ilism 1990:, as well as the closing of 1923:into the more literalistic ( 1600:Bektashism and folk religion 1059:Manṣūr al-Ḥākim bi-Amr Allāh 1049:Maʿad al-Muʿizz li-Dīn Allāh 1034:ʿAbd Allāh al-Mahdī bi'l-Lāh 7: 16390:Esoteric schools of thought 13935:Abu Qudama Yazid ibn Fandin 12631:Hassan Ala Dhikrihi's Salam 11988:Muhammad Zakariya Kandhlawi 11923:Najm al-Din 'Umar al-Nasafi 11079:Journey to the End of Islam 10777:Bryer, David R. W. (1975). 10683:R. W. Bryer, David (1979). 10340:"His Highness the Aga Khan" 9880:Ildikó Bellér-Hann (2007). 9714:A History of Medieval Islam 8441: 6123:(incorrectly identified as 6108:(incorrectly identified as 4945: 4902:Ottoman conquest of Hungary 4862:According to the historian 4827: 4820:, rather they were kuffār ( 4535:are mostly concentrated in 4121: 4061:Additional Isma'ili pillars 2892: 2845:sources his son escaped to 2347: 2341: 2335: 2329: 2323: 2317: 2309: 2303: 2297: 2288: 2274: 2254: 2195: 2185:Soon after his ascendancy, 1925: 1909: 1830: 1069:Maʿad al-Mustanṣir bi'l-Lāh 41:For the Egyptian city, see 10: 16406: 16131: 14686:Bandagi Mian Syed Khundmir 14131:Muhammad ibn Ziyād al-Kūfī 13884:Najdah ibn 'Amir al-Hānafī 13562:Nasir Khusraw al-Qubadiani 13046:Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab 12302:Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab 11933:Shams al-Din al-Samarqandi 11893:Abu al-Layth al-Samarqandi 11718:Abd al-Rahman al-Tha'alibi 11261: 11024:Roald, Anne Sofie (2011). 10967:D. Grafton, David (2009). 10797:10.1515/islm.1975.52.2.239 10523:Qutbuddin, Tahera (2011). 9971:(in Arabic). Vol. 4. 9915:Sir Thomas Douglas Forsyth 9744:Campbell, Anthony (2004). 9716:. Routledge. p. 151. 9605:. Vikas Publishing House. 8920:Kalandarov, T. C. (2005). 8828:Cambridge University Press 8484:List of extinct Shia sects 4949: 4911: 4855: 4831: 4761: 4730:, under the leadership of 4719: 4705: 4639: 4524: 4517:, and Arabic and Persian. 4344: 4294: 4142: 4095: 4081:of the body, clothes, and 4002: 3964: 3947: 3911: 3885: 3829: 3825: 3814: 3761: 3624:and poet Nasir-i Khusraw ( 3514:meaning apparent, and the 3497: 3486:Epistles of Ikhwan al-Safa 3427:Seven pillars of Ismailism 3424: 3420: 3222: 3219:Destruction by the Mongols 3157: 3123: 3063: 3052: 2746:that included at its peak 2676: 2646: 2592: 2528: 2431: 2363: 2151: 2124: 2120: 1078:Aḥmad al-Mustāʿlī bi'l-Lāh 782:Hassan Ala Zikrihi's Salam 40: 29: 16342: 16227: 16194: 16144: 16140: 16126: 16053: 16020: 15992:Geography and cartography 15967: 15914: 15910: 15894: 15720: 15642: 15589: 15538: 15534: 15510: 15380: 15262: 15222: 15105: 15057: 14981: 14977: 14966: 14877: 14830: 14782: 14736: 14626: 14613: 14552: 14449: 14392: 14375: 14262: 14210: 14201: 14140: 14057: 13991: 13968: 13915: 13835: 13820: 13750: 13617: 13460: 13324: 13299: 13275:Extinct Zaydi Shi'a sects 13212: 13112: 12962: 12953: 12949: 12936: 12910: 12855: 12802: 12698: 12691: 12649: 12619:Tayyibi Ismā'īlī doctrine 12579: 12437: 12334:Muqbil bin Hadi al-Wadi'i 12282: 12252: 12159: 12127: 12068: 12026: 11847: 11801: 11788:Muhammad Arafa al-Desouki 11763:Abu Ali al-Hassan al-Yusi 11613:Ibn Abi Zayd al-Qayrawani 11552: 11543: 11511: 11483: 11450: 11422: 11415: 11411: 11386: 11297:Steinberg, Jonah (2011). 11000:. ABC-CLIO. p. 318. 10856:. Routledge. p. 33. 10852:J. Stewart, Dona (2008). 10724:American Oriental Society 10177:10.1080/00210860903541988 9459:Abū Yaʻqūb Al-Sijistānī. 9118:The Charismatic Community 9105:The Charismatic Community 8682:Steinberg, Jonah (2011). 8509:Nasir al-Din Nasir Hunzai 8313: 8311: 8309: 8265: 8263: 8255: 8251: 8245: 8233: 8231: 8189: 8187: 8183:Progressive Dawoodi Bohra 8160: 8158: 8133: 8131: 8129: 8123: 8121: 8119: 8113: 8107: 8063: 8061: 8057: 8053: 8051: 8049: 8047: 8045: 8039: 8037: 8035: 8033: 8031: 8009: 7956: 7901: 7899: 7891: 7889: 7881: 7879: 7849: 7810: 7739: 7737: 7735: 7701: 7699: 7691: 7687: 7681: 7603: 7532: 7530: 7518: 7516: 7508: 7506: 7494: 7492: 7404: 7402: 7400: 7374: 7372: 7360: 7356: 7354: 7352: 7348: 7336: 7334: 7318: 7316: 7314: 7312: 7310: 7308: 7306: 7304: 7290: 7286: 7284: 7282: 7280: 7278: 7276: 7274: 7272: 7196: 7194: 7182: 7180: 7061: 7059: 7043: 7041: 7029: 7027: 7013: 7011: 7009: 6993: 6991: 6968: 6966: 6964: 6919: 6917: 6901: 6899: 6887: 6885: 6843: 6841: 6825: 6823: 6811: 6809: 6781: 6779: 6701: 6699: 6691: 6689: 6681: 6679: 6627: 6625: 6575: 6543: 6541: 6533: 6531: 6527: 6523: 6519: 6461: 6459: 6377: 6375: 6367: 6365: 6357: 6355: 6208: 6206: 6198: 6196: 6188: 6186: 6160: 6114: 6046: 6044: 6036: 6034: 5930: 5928: 5926: 5886: 5882: 5876: 5836: 5834: 5832: 5830: 5828: 5826: 5824: 5822: 5820: 5818: 5816: 5814: 5812: 5810: 5808: 5776: 5772: 5770: 5768: 5766: 5764: 5762: 5760: 5758: 5756: 5754: 5752: 5750: 5748: 5746: 5744: 5697: 5695: 5628: 5626: 5549: 5547: 5478: 5476: 5421: 5419: 5354: 5352: 5287: 5285: 5220: 5218: 5159: 5157: 5060:Prince Ghazi bin Muhammad 4907: 4752:Progressive Dawoodi Bohra 4746:Progressive Dawoodi Bohra 4321:. Minority groups of the 4138: 3982:For the Shia, the Light ( 3832:Imamah (Ismaili doctrine) 3048: 1834:) is a branch or sect of 812:Nasir al-Din Nasir Hunzai 305: 295: 281: 269: 257: 237: 227: 215: 205: 186: 163: 158: 16301:Islamic view of miracles 14304:Umayr ibn Bayān al-ʿIjlī 13179:Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi 12793:The Moderation in Belief 12674:Al-Hadi ila'l-Haqq Yahya 12412:Ahmad ibn Umar al-Hazimi 11983:Khalil Ahmad Saharanpuri 11913:Jamal al-Din al-Ghaznawi 11288:Daftary, Farhad (2012). 11269:Daftary, Farhad (1998). 11104:The A to Z of the Druzes 11077:Knight, Michael (2009). 10939:Hunter, Shireen (2010). 10588:Daftary, Farhad (1996). 10573:Misra, Satish C (1985). 10548:Daftary, Farhad (2007). 10469:Daftary, Farhad (2011). 10264:Daftary, Farhad (1998). 10087:Van-Skyhawk, H. (2005). 10048:10.4324/9781315885360-31 10008:– via iep.utm.edu. 9781:Daftary, Farhad (2007), 9687:Daftary, Farhad (1998). 9572:Enthoven, R. E. (1922). 9379:Daftary, Farhad (1998). 9354:Daftary, Farhad (1990). 8895:Daftary, Farhad (1998). 8778:"Shaykh Ahmad al-Ahsa'i" 8608:Hunter, Shireen (2010). 7447:al-Muṣṭafá li-Dīnʼil-Lāh 7266:18. Dâʼî-Âʼzam Abû Tamîm 6432:10. Radî/Zakî ʿAbd Allâh 6104:(ʻAbdullāh bin Muhammad) 4757: 4395:(The Arabic Academy) in 4151:Prince Karim Aga Khan IV 3943: 3930:(exoteric) form and the 3907: 3711:to the Fatimid Caliphs ( 3659:The method of spiritual 3154:Threshold of the Imāmate 2978:Decline of the Caliphate 2742:became the center of an 2679:Abdullah al-Mahdi Billah 1747:Umm Farwah bint al-Qasim 36:Ismaili (disambiguation) 16066:Creationism (evolution) 14761:Jamal ad-Din al-Afghani 14157:Hammād ibn Abū Sūlaimān 14075:Yūnus ibn Awn an-Namīrī 13847:Abd al-Karīm ibn Adjrād 12786:Divan-i Shams-i Tabrizi 12744:Al-Aqidah al-Tahawiyyah 12599:Hamid al-Din al-Kirmani 12003:Abd al-Ghani al-Nabulsi 11908:Akmal al-Din al-Babarti 11898:'Ala' al-Din al-Bukhari 11738:Al-Maqqari al-Tilmisani 11693:Shihab al-Din al-Qarafi 11628:Abu Ishaq al-Isfara'ini 11102:S. Swayd, Samy (2009). 11052:Zabad, Ibrahim (2017). 9969:Rasa'il Ikhwan al-Safa' 9866:Encyclopædia Britannica 9746:The Assassins of Alamut 9653:Farhad Daftary (1992). 9177:Encyclopædia Britannica 8856:6 November 2011 at the 8734:"Definition of Ismaili" 8555:"World View – Aga Khan" 8489:List of Ismaili castles 6266:(ʿAhmad ibn ʿAbd Allâh) 6119:7. Muhammad ibn Isma'il 3960: 2866:al-Amir bi-Ahkami'l-Lah 2463:Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik 2457:After the poisoning of 2234:and then later his son 2206:Following this battle, 2193:, that Ali should take 1947:groups focusing on the 1054:Nizār al-ʿAzīz biʾllāh, 707:ibn al-Fadl al-Jayshani 16316:Persecution of Muslims 16214:List of former Muslims 15131:Succession to Muhammad 14433:Galip Hassan Kuscuoglu 14015:Hīdīyya (Hīd ibn Saif) 13508:Baha al-Din al-Muqtana 13003:Khwaja Abdullah Ansari 12664:Ahmad ibn Isa ibn Zayd 12659:Abu'l-Jarud al-Hamdani 12594:Abu Yaqub al-Sijistani 12554:Agha Zia ol Din Araghi 12539:Mohammad-Baqer Majlesi 12219:Abu al-Husayn al-Basri 12214:Al-Qadi 'Abd al-Jabbar 11973:Shah Waliullah Dehlawi 11883:Abu al-Mu'in al-Nasafi 11878:Abu al-Yusr al-Bazdawi 11863:Al-Hakim al-Samarqandi 11733:Jalal al-Din al-Dawani 11698:Abu Hayyan al-Gharnati 11623:Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi 11130:Sudár, Balázs (2008). 11028:. BRILL. p. 255. 9712:Saunder, J.J. (1978). 9404:Morris, James (2002). 8959:Turner, Colin (2006). 8494:List of Isma'ili imams 5735: 4603:al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah 4539:but are also found in 4450:), and women wear the 4356: 4135: 4071:ritual purity in Islam 3817:Numerology (Ismailism) 3758:The Ginans and Qasidas 3591:Al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah 3521: 3481: 3384:Ismaili historiography 3173: 2735: 2669: 2609:Abu'l-Fadl al-Isfahani 2580:is a classic of early 2469:'s companions and the 2424: 2154:Succession to Muhammad 1975:who were guides and a 1682:Khadija bint Khuwaylid 1269:Succession to Muhammad 16110:Conversion to mosques 15977:Alchemy and chemistry 14702:Wallace Fard Muhammad 13659:Abdallah ibn Mu'awiya 13166:Fazl-e-Haq Khairabadi 12915:Early Muslim scholars 12723:Al-Farq bayn al-Firaq 11993:Rahmatullah Kairanawi 11743:Abd al-Rahman al-Fasi 11653:Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi 11338:Encyclopaedia Iranica 10426:Kassam, Zayn (2011). 10369:10.4324/9781315027746 9626:Blank, Jonah (2001). 9249:Ajam Media Collective 7788:At-Tayyib Abu'l-Qasim 6617:ibn Bahram al-Jannabi 5734: 5058:The summarization by 5007:Excommunication from 4930:, after the reign of 4783:Al-Ḥākim bi-Amr Allāh 4531:Founded in 1592, the 4393:Al Jamea tus Saifiyah 4354: 4246:Shams al-Din (Nizari) 4129: 4035:In terms of fasting ( 4005:Five pillars of Islam 3836:List of Ismaili imams 3572:with a divine light ( 3507: 3431: 3425:Further information: 3198:Nizārī Ismā'īlī state 3167: 2909:at-Tayyib Abu'l-Qasim 2802:al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah 2733: 2662:al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah 2656: 2643:The Fatimid Caliphate 2525:Ascension of the Dais 2419: 2360:The Battle of Karbala 2355:Karbala and afterward 2143:Isma'ili Constitution 2125:Further information: 1775:Shia Islam portal 1401:Verse of purification 1248:Beliefs and practices 1092:Abu'l-Qāsim al-Tayyib 767:Queen Arwa al-Sulayhi 702:ibn Faraj ibn Ḥawshab 15836:Ma malakat aymanukum 15411:Association football 14353:‘Ulyanīyya/'Alyaīyya 14148:Al-Harith ibn Surayj 13338:Theology of Twelvers 13183:Rashid Ahmad Gangohi 12730:Al-Milal wa al-Nihal 12529:Nasir al-Din al-Tusi 11928:Siraj al-Din al-Ushi 11918:Nur al-Din al-Sabuni 11903:Al-Sharif al-Jurjani 11723:Ibn Hajar al-Haytami 11688:Taqi al-Din al-Subki 11678:Sayf al-Din al-Amidi 11673:Fakhr al-Din al-Razi 11648:Abu al-Walid al-Baji 11250:Encyclopædia Iranica 11245:"Aḥmad b. ʿAbdallāh" 11226:Encyclopædia Iranica 10134:Halm, Heinz (1988). 9986:Steigerwald, Diana. 9116:Maria Masse Dakake, 9103:Maria Masse Dakake, 8986:ibn Abu Talib, Ali. 8965:. Psychology Press. 8519:Nizari Ismaili state 7798:Nizari Ismaili state 7445:19. Abū Manṣūr Nizār 7434:19. Imâm Abû'l-Qâsim 6604:11. Abû Muhammad Ali 5513:4. Muhammad al-Baqir 5046:Muslim by definition 5032:) included both the 4968:, would return from 4966:Muhammad ibn Isma'il 4732:Abdul Hussain Jivaji 4663:centre in Vadodara. 4509:but is derived from 4270:Ahmadnagar Sultanate 4155:Aga Hassan ʻAlī Shah 3990:) of the Intellect. 3160:Nizar (Fatimid Imam) 3103:Nizar (Fatimid Imam) 3055:Nizari Ismaili state 3006:invasions, then the 2800:) occurred with the 2625:Abu Tahir al-Jannabi 2382:during the month of 2255:al-imām al-mustawdaʿ 1905:Muhammad ibn Isma'il 1697:Umm Kulthum bint Ali 1376:Mourning of Muharram 1306:Mourning of Muharram 1028:(ar-Raḍī ʿAbd Allāh) 888:Palace of Queen Arwa 722:Abu Tahir al-Jannabi 717:Abu Sa'id al-Jannabi 685:Nizari Ismaili state 76:improve this article 27:Branch of Shia Islam 14582:Ghulam Ahmed Pervez 14329:Abū Mānsūr al-ʿIjlī 14301:ʿIjlīyya/Umayrīyya 14099:Abū Sawbān al-Murjī 13761:An-Nafs Az-Zakiyyah 13068:Other Salafi trends 12897:Musta'li Isma'ilism 12813:Eʿteqādātal-Emāmīya 12204:Ja'far ibn Mūbassīr 11968:Anwar Shah Kashmiri 11618:Zakariyya al-Ansari 10314:Asani, Ali (2008). 9084:"Ali bin Abu Talib" 6436:(Husayn bin ʿAhmad) 4549:Sulayman bin Hassan 4273:Burhan Nizam Shah I 4088:For the Isma'ilis, 3550:Michael (archangel) 3099:al-Mustansir Billah 2831:al-Mustansir Billah 2668:and Fatimid Caliph. 2275:al-imām al-mustaqar 2201:Battle of the Camel 2115:Trinidad and Tobago 1951:path and nature of 1903:After the death of 1712:Ruqayya bint Husayn 1619:Extinct Shi'a sects 1339:Days of remembrance 1326:Arbaʽeen Pilgrimage 1321:The Four Companions 787:Rashid ad-Din Sinan 712:ibn Mansur al-Yaman 277:, and North America 34:. For Ismaili, see 16321:Quran and miracles 16235:Criticism of Islam 15949:Geometric patterns 15801:Gender segregation 15372:Non-denominational 14881:Other scholars of 14772:Islamic modernists 14746:Modernist Salafism 14402:Qutb ad-Dīn Haydar 14361:Abdullah ibn Saba' 14296:Muʿāmmar ibn Ahmar 14181:Ibrāhim ibn Yousūf 14169:Mūsā ibn Abū Kasīr 14160:Muhārīb ibn Dithār 14091:Abū Muāz at-Tūmanī 13413:Astarabadi (Naimi) 13143:Abdullah al-Harari 13097:Muhammad bin Dawud 13030:Syed Nazeer Husain 12765:Tabsirat al-Adilla 12679:Al-Mansur al-Qasim 12514:Al-Shaykh Al-Mufid 12361:Syed Nazeer Husain 12284:Salafi Theologians 12036:Al-Ja'd ibn Dirham 12008:Muhammad Abu Zahra 11793:Ahmad Zayni Dahlan 11643:Abdul Qadir Gilani 11152:. Ammanmessage.com 10615:The Shiʻa of India 10458:. 21 October 2010. 10456:The New York Times 10346:. 25 October 2007. 10242:on 6 November 2011 9949:on 10 October 2010 9034:on 2 November 2011 8738:www.dictionary.com 8459:Brethren of Purity 8165:Atba-î Malak Bohra 7781:Tayyibi Ismaʻilism 7436:ʿAhmad al-Mustâʻlî 7421:Epistles of Wisdom 5736: 5663:5. Ja'far al-Sadiq 5000:Defining who is a 4926:was, was also the 4890:Kingdom of Hungary 4886:Kingdom of Hungary 4814:People of the Book 4740:Atba-i-Malak Vakil 4736:Atba-i-Malak Badar 4492:Khuzaima Qutbuddin 4488:Mufaddal Saifuddin 4476:currently disputed 4357: 4333:exterior rituals ( 4315:Mufaddal Saifuddin 4136: 3860:din Adama al-awwal 3522: 3484:—Excerpt from the 3365:Tajiks of Xinjiang 3174: 3126:Order of Assassins 2986:(governors of the 2982:In the 1040s, the 2736: 2670: 2442:, the daughter of 2425: 2131:Tayyibi Isma'ilism 2127:Musta'li Ismailism 1971:) of Muhammad and 1532:Atba-i-Malak Bohra 1459:Branches and sects 1406:Two weighty things 1149:Mufaddal Saifuddin 1020:(al-Taqī Muhammad) 944:House of Knowledge 834:Nizārī strongholds 565:Atba-i-Malak Bohra 193:Ismaili Center in 16372: 16371: 16338: 16337: 16334: 16333: 16306:Domestic violence 16296:Islamic terrorism 16291:Islamic extremism 16122: 16121: 16118: 16117: 15890: 15889: 15886: 15885: 15676:Marriage contract 15506: 15505: 15466:Political aspects 15253:Story of Prophets 15022:Prophets of Islam 14925: 14924: 14921: 14920: 14917: 14916: 14873: 14872: 14682:Muhammad Jaunpuri 14609: 14608: 14535:Sumāma ibn Ashras 14371: 14370: 14222:Dāwūd al-Jawāribî 14197: 14196: 14067:Gaylān ibn Marwān 13964: 13963: 13816: 13815: 13479:Abdallah al-Aftah 13295: 13294: 13208: 13207: 13192:Necmettin Erbakan 13034:Siddiq Hasan Khan 12998:Al-Qadi Abu Ya'la 12932: 12931: 12928: 12927: 12906: 12905: 12846:Tajrid al-I'tiqad 12840:Tashih al-I'tiqad 12751:Al-Sawad al-A'zam 12687: 12686: 12669:Al-Qasim al-Rassi 12636:Idris Imad al-Din 12589:Al-Qadi al-Nu'man 12564:Ruhollah Khomeini 12544:Zurarah ibn A'yan 12519:Sharif al-Murtaza 12507:Muhammad al-Mahdi 12492:Muhammad al-Jawad 12472:Muhammad al-Baqir 12373:Siddiq Hasan Khan 12349:Rabee al-Madkhali 11998:Murtada al-Zabidi 11773:Ibrahim al-Bajuri 11539: 11538: 11317:978-18-5109-842-2 10559:978-0-521-61636-2 10534:978-1-84511-717-7 10437:978-1-84511-717-7 10325:978-0-674-02821-0 10115:on 4 October 2018 9988:"Ikhwan al-Safa'" 9893:978-0-7546-7041-4 9804:978-0-511-49755-1 9639:978-0-226-05676-0 9612:978-0-7069-6921-4 9251:. 3 November 2014 9225:. 9 November 2014 9198:"Hussain bin Ali" 9069:978-0-19-804259-4 8962:Islam: The Basics 8764:iranicaonline.org 8464:Fatimid Caliphate 8439: 8438: 7764:Hafizi Ismaʻilism 6304:Muhammad al-Jawad 5729: 5728: 4924:Fatimid Caliphate 4684:Haatim Zakiyuddin 3713:Fatimid Caliphate 3564:) and "support" ( 3520:, meaning hidden. 3494:View on the Quran 3398:Idris Imad al-Din 3369:enslaved in China 3336:and southeastern 3275:Hamdanids (Yemen) 3134:The English word 3110:citadel of Alamut 3037:had his general, 2893:al-dāʿī al-muṭlaq 2890: 2837:, the older, and 2780:Mediterranean Sea 2766:coast of Africa, 2713:Baghdad Manifesto 2701:Abbasid Caliphate 2649:Fatimid Caliphate 2549:Abbasid Caliphate 2514:Ismaʻil ibn Jafar 2479:Muhammad al-Baqir 2366:Battle of Karbala 2272: 2252: 2148:Succession crisis 2135:Nizari Isma'ilism 1992:divine revelation 1984:Fatimid Caliphate 1878:Isma'il ibn Jafar 1828: 1809: 1808: 1742:Fatimah bint Asad 1707:Fatima bint Hasan 1436:Battle of Karbala 1213: 1212: 1140:Haatim Zakiyuddin 1104:Incumbent leaders 939:Baghdad Manifesto 893:Queen Arwa Mosque 660:Fatimid Caliphate 316: 315: 152: 151: 144: 126: 32:Ismaili (surname) 16:(Redirected from 16397: 16362: 16361: 16354:Islam portal 16352: 16351: 16350: 16142: 16141: 16134: 16128: 16127: 15969:Medieval science 15912: 15911: 15902: 15896: 15895: 15553:Economic history 15536: 15535: 15512: 15511: 15498:Islam by country 15331:Bektashi Alevism 14979: 14978: 14970:Outline of Islam 14952: 14945: 14938: 14929: 14928: 14624: 14623: 14390: 14389: 14208: 14207: 14184:Nusayr ibn Yahyā 14166:Awn ibn Abdullāh 14153:Sa'id ibn Jubayr 14123:Ubayd al-Mūktaib 13989: 13988: 13833: 13832: 13802:ʿAjlan ibn Nawus 13771:Maḥmūd Pasīkhānī 13740:Khashabiyya Shia 13676:Bayān ibn Sam‘ān 13634:Abū ʿAmra Kaysān 13417:Imadaddin Nasimi 13322: 13321: 13219: 13218: 13090:Salafi Modernism 12993:Ahmad ibn Hanbal 12960: 12959: 12951: 12950: 12938: 12937: 12834:Awail Al Maqalat 12716:Al-Baz al-Ashhab 12696: 12695: 12626:Dhu'ayb ibn Musa 12581:Isma'ili Shi'ism 12569:Wilayat al-faqih 12549:Hisham ibn Hakam 12534:Allamah Al-Hilli 11758:Muhammad Mayyara 11550: 11549: 11420: 11419: 11413: 11412: 11388: 11387: 11380:Islamic theology 11373: 11366: 11359: 11350: 11349: 11321: 11302: 11293: 11284: 11255: 11254: 11237: 11231: 11230: 11213: 11204: 11203: 11201: 11199: 11189: 11183: 11182: 11180: 11178: 11168: 11162: 11161: 11159: 11157: 11146: 11140: 11139: 11127: 11121: 11120: 11099: 11093: 11092: 11074: 11068: 11067: 11049: 11043: 11042: 11021: 11015: 11014: 10993: 10987: 10986: 10964: 10958: 10957: 10936: 10930: 10929: 10908: 10902: 10901: 10899: 10897: 10891:Prometheus Books 10877: 10871: 10870: 10849: 10843: 10842: 10840: 10838: 10823: 10817: 10816: 10774: 10768: 10767: 10712:by Heinz Halm". 10705: 10699: 10698: 10680: 10674: 10673: 10651: 10645: 10644: 10642: 10640: 10625: 10619: 10618: 10610: 10604: 10603: 10585: 10579: 10578: 10570: 10564: 10563: 10545: 10539: 10538: 10520: 10514: 10506: 10500: 10499: 10481: 10475: 10474: 10466: 10460: 10459: 10448: 10442: 10441: 10423: 10417: 10416: 10392: 10383: 10382: 10354: 10348: 10347: 10336: 10330: 10329: 10311: 10280: 10279: 10261: 10252: 10251: 10249: 10247: 10238:. Archived from 10232: 10226: 10225: 10218: 10212: 10211: 10203: 10197: 10196: 10156: 10150: 10149: 10131: 10125: 10124: 10122: 10120: 10111:. Archived from 10105: 10096: 10085: 10079: 10075: 10060: 10059: 10031: 10010: 10009: 10007: 10005: 9996:. Archived from 9983: 9977: 9976: 9965: 9959: 9958: 9956: 9954: 9945:. Archived from 9939: 9933: 9932: 9930: 9928: 9911: 9905: 9904: 9902: 9900: 9877: 9871: 9870: 9848: 9846: 9845: 9839: 9833: 9832: 9831:on 3 March 2011. 9827:. Archived from 9821: 9815: 9814: 9813: 9811: 9778: 9769: 9768: 9756: 9750: 9749: 9741: 9728: 9727: 9709: 9703: 9702: 9684: 9678: 9677: 9675: 9673: 9650: 9644: 9643: 9623: 9617: 9616: 9596: 9590: 9589: 9569: 9563: 9562: 9560: 9558: 9548: 9542: 9541: 9539: 9537: 9527: 9521: 9520: 9518: 9516: 9511:on 28 April 2007 9507:. Archived from 9501: 9495: 9494: 9486: 9480: 9479: 9471: 9465: 9464: 9456: 9450: 9449: 9441: 9435: 9434: 9426: 9420: 9419: 9401: 9395: 9394: 9376: 9370: 9369: 9351: 9340: 9339: 9327: 9321: 9320: 9318: 9316: 9306: 9300: 9288: 9282: 9281: 9279: 9277: 9267: 9261: 9260: 9258: 9256: 9241: 9235: 9234: 9232: 9230: 9215: 9209: 9208: 9206: 9204: 9194: 9188: 9187: 9185: 9183: 9169: 9163: 9162: 9160: 9158: 9153:on 24 April 2016 9152: 9146:. Archived from 9145: 9137: 9131: 9127: 9121: 9114: 9108: 9101: 9095: 9094: 9092: 9090: 9080: 9074: 9073: 9054:Virani, Shafique 9050: 9044: 9043: 9041: 9039: 9030:. Archived from 9024: 9018: 9017: 9015: 9013: 9008:on 20 April 2007 9004:. Archived from 8998: 8992: 8991: 8983: 8977: 8976: 8956: 8950: 8949: 8933: 8917: 8911: 8910: 8892: 8886: 8885: 8883: 8881: 8866: 8860: 8848: 8839: 8838: 8836: 8834: 8820: 8814: 8813: 8811: 8809: 8795: 8789: 8788: 8786: 8784: 8774: 8768: 8767: 8755: 8749: 8748: 8746: 8744: 8730: 8724: 8718: 8712: 8711: 8704: 8698: 8697: 8679: 8673: 8672: 8662: 8656: 8655: 8633: 8627: 8626: 8605: 8599: 8598: 8591: 8585: 8584: 8577: 8571: 8570: 8568: 8566: 8557:. Archived from 8551: 6263:9. Takî Muhammad 6125:Maymūn al-Qaddāḥ 6101:8. Ahmad al-Wafi 5738: 5737: 5094: 5093: 4928:Imam of the Time 4847:Extinct branches 4595:Punjab, Pakistan 4507:Persian alphabet 4496:Taher Fakhruddin 4470:The position of 4422:residing in the 4370: 3791: 3489: 3271:Sulayhid dynasty 3237:, a grandson of 2925:Syedi Hasan Feer 2895: 2885: 2883: 2820:Syedi Fakhruddin 2788:High Middle Ages 2350: 2344: 2338: 2332: 2326: 2320: 2314: 2306: 2300: 2291: 2277: 2267: 2265: 2257: 2247: 2245: 2212:Umayyad governor 2198: 2176:Rashidun caliphs 2019:Gorno-Badakhshan 2009:, who recognize 1973:the Twelve Imams 1930: 1914: 1875: 1874: 1871: 1870: 1867: 1864: 1861: 1858: 1855: 1852: 1849: 1846: 1838:. The Isma'ili ( 1833: 1823: 1821: 1801: 1794: 1787: 1773: 1772: 1752:Ruqayya bint Ali 1727:Fatima bint Musa 1241: 1232: 1226: 1225: 1215: 1214: 1205: 1198: 1191: 1179:Islam portal 1177: 1176: 1175: 1158:Taher Fakhruddin 1123:Musta'li Ismaili 772:Dhu'ayb ibn Musa 680:Hamdanid dynasty 670:Sulayhid dynasty 347: 338: 332: 331: 318: 317: 311: 252:Nizari Ismailism 191: 182: 180: 172: 156: 155: 147: 140: 136: 133: 127: 125: 84: 60: 52: 47:Esmaili District 21: 16405: 16404: 16400: 16399: 16398: 16396: 16395: 16394: 16375: 16374: 16373: 16368: 16348: 16346: 16330: 16252:Cultural Muslim 16223: 16190: 16146:Other religions 16136: 16132: 16114: 16049: 16016: 15963: 15906: 15904:Islamic studies 15900: 15882: 15716: 15661: 15638: 15585: 15530: 15529: 15502: 15451:Moral teachings 15394: 15376: 15350:Nation of Islam 15311:Twelver Shi'ism 15258: 15224:Religious texts 15218: 15136:Early conquests 15119: 15101: 15053: 14973: 14962: 14956: 14926: 14913: 14869: 14826: 14797:Ahmed Raza Khan 14778: 14732: 14722:Fethullah Gülen 14697:Nation of Islam 14618: 14615: 14605: 14548: 14525:Ahmad ibn Hābīt 14453: 14445: 14383: 14379: 14367: 14288:Bāzīgh ibn Mūsā 14258: 14193: 14178:Hālaf ibn Ayyūb 14136: 14053: 13982: 13979: 13976: 13972: 13960: 13911: 13824: 13812: 13746: 13620: 13613: 13581:Hassan-i Sabbah 13464: 13456: 13328: 13315: 13311: 13307: 13303: 13291: 13256:Hasan al-Utrush 13204: 13170:Ahmed Raza Khan 13116: 13108: 13015:Dawud al-Zahiri 12966: 12945: 12924: 12902: 12851: 12798: 12758:Kitab al-Tawhid 12683: 12645: 12575: 12502:Hasan al-Askari 12477:Ja'far al-Sadiq 12439:Twelver Shi'ism 12433: 12405:Salafi Jihadism 12400:Osama bin Laden 12383:Safar Al-Hawali 12344:Saleh Al-Fawzan 12278: 12248: 12241:Sahib ibn Abbad 12236:Ibn Abi'l-Hadid 12201:Ja'far ibn Harb 12166:Wasil ibn 'Ata' 12163: 12155: 12123: 12084:ī (Muqātilīyya) 12064: 12022: 11978:Shah Abdul Aziz 11851: 11843: 11797: 11783:Ahmad al-Dardir 11668:Ahmad al-Rifa'i 11556: 11535: 11507: 11479: 11446: 11407: 11406: 11382: 11377: 11329: 11324: 11318: 11281: 11264: 11259: 11258: 11238: 11234: 11214: 11207: 11197: 11195: 11191: 11190: 11186: 11176: 11174: 11170: 11169: 11165: 11155: 11153: 11148: 11147: 11143: 11136:Akadémiai Kiadó 11128: 11124: 11114: 11100: 11096: 11089: 11075: 11071: 11064: 11050: 11046: 11036: 11022: 11018: 11008: 10994: 10990: 10979: 10965: 10961: 10951: 10937: 10933: 10923: 10909: 10905: 10895: 10893: 10878: 10874: 10864: 10850: 10846: 10836: 10834: 10833:. 8 August 2018 10825: 10824: 10820: 10775: 10771: 10706: 10702: 10695: 10681: 10677: 10666: 10652: 10648: 10638: 10636: 10635:on 6 March 2001 10629:"Islamic Voice" 10627: 10626: 10622: 10611: 10607: 10600: 10586: 10582: 10571: 10567: 10560: 10546: 10542: 10535: 10521: 10517: 10507: 10503: 10496: 10482: 10478: 10467: 10463: 10450: 10449: 10445: 10438: 10424: 10420: 10413: 10393: 10386: 10379: 10355: 10351: 10338: 10337: 10333: 10326: 10312: 10283: 10276: 10262: 10255: 10245: 10243: 10234: 10233: 10229: 10220: 10219: 10215: 10204: 10200: 10165:Iranian Studies 10157: 10153: 10146: 10132: 10128: 10118: 10116: 10107: 10106: 10099: 10086: 10082: 10076: 10063: 10032: 10013: 10003: 10001: 10000:on 30 June 2021 9984: 9980: 9967: 9966: 9962: 9952: 9950: 9941: 9940: 9936: 9926: 9924: 9912: 9908: 9898: 9896: 9894: 9878: 9874: 9843: 9841: 9840: 9836: 9823: 9822: 9818: 9809: 9807: 9805: 9779: 9772: 9757: 9753: 9742: 9731: 9724: 9710: 9706: 9699: 9685: 9681: 9671: 9669: 9667: 9651: 9647: 9640: 9624: 9620: 9613: 9597: 9593: 9586: 9570: 9566: 9556: 9554: 9550: 9549: 9545: 9535: 9533: 9529: 9528: 9524: 9514: 9512: 9503: 9502: 9498: 9487: 9483: 9474:Yuri Stoyanov. 9472: 9468: 9457: 9453: 9442: 9438: 9427: 9423: 9416: 9402: 9398: 9391: 9377: 9373: 9366: 9352: 9343: 9328: 9324: 9314: 9312: 9308: 9307: 9303: 9289: 9285: 9275: 9273: 9269: 9268: 9264: 9254: 9252: 9243: 9242: 9238: 9228: 9226: 9217: 9216: 9212: 9202: 9200: 9196: 9195: 9191: 9181: 9179: 9171: 9170: 9166: 9156: 9154: 9150: 9143: 9139: 9138: 9134: 9128: 9124: 9115: 9111: 9102: 9098: 9088: 9086: 9082: 9081: 9077: 9070: 9051: 9047: 9037: 9035: 9026: 9025: 9021: 9011: 9009: 9000: 8999: 8995: 8984: 8980: 8973: 8957: 8953: 8946: 8931: 8918: 8914: 8907: 8893: 8889: 8879: 8877: 8867: 8863: 8858:Wayback Machine 8849: 8842: 8832: 8830: 8822: 8821: 8817: 8807: 8805: 8803:www.iep.utm.edu 8797: 8796: 8792: 8782: 8780: 8776: 8775: 8771: 8756: 8752: 8742: 8740: 8732: 8731: 8727: 8719: 8715: 8706: 8705: 8701: 8694: 8680: 8676: 8664: 8663: 8659: 8648: 8634: 8630: 8620: 8606: 8602: 8593: 8592: 8588: 8579: 8578: 8574: 8564: 8562: 8561:on 24 July 2011 8553: 8552: 8548: 8543: 8538: 8533: 8524:Pamir Ismaʻilis 8444: 7952:Sulaimani Bohra 7818: 7805:Hassan-i Sabbah 7801: 7784: 7767: 7461: 7446: 7435: 7267: 6974: 6616: 6615:Abu Sa'id Hasan 6605: 6434: 6288: 6269: 6122: 6107: 5132:Abd al-Muttalib 5092: 5072: 4986: 4954: 4948: 4916: 4910: 4864:Yaqut al-Hamawi 4860: 4854: 4849: 4840: 4832:Main articles: 4830: 4806:Islam and Druze 4766: 4760: 4748: 4724: 4718: 4710: 4704: 4644: 4638: 4529: 4523: 4503:Lisānu l-Dāʻwat 4349: 4343: 4299: 4293: 4285:Timurid dynasty 4238: 4220: 4189: 4180: 4175: 4147: 4141: 4134:, not Fatimah.) 4124: 4098: 4063: 4007: 4001: 3996: 3994:Acts of worship 3969: 3963: 3952: 3946: 3916: 3910: 3890: 3884: 3838: 3830:Main articles: 3828: 3819: 3813: 3798:Hasan bin Sabah 3768:The Ginans are 3766: 3760: 3671:. According to 3502: 3496: 3491: 3483: 3429: 3423: 3410:ʻUyun al-Akhbar 3390:ʿUyun al-Akhbar 3386: 3251: 3243:House of Wisdom 3227: 3221: 3162: 3156: 3148:Egyptian Arabic 3128: 3122: 3077:Hassan-i Sabbah 3072: 3066:Hassan-i Sabbah 3064:Main articles: 3062: 3060:Hassan-i Sabbah 3057: 3051: 3043:Ayyubid dynasty 2980: 2940:The Occultation 2913:Arwa al-Sulayhi 2905:Taiyabi Ismaili 2808:Arwa al-Sulayhi 2728: 2681: 2675: 2658:Al-Hakim Mosque 2651: 2645: 2597: 2591: 2556:the Occultation 2533: 2527: 2503:Ja'far al-Sadiq 2440:Zaynab bint Ali 2436: 2430: 2368: 2362: 2357: 2333:is embodied in 2244:الإمام المستودع 2156: 2150: 2145: 2123: 1886:Ja'far al-Sadiq 1843: 1839: 1805: 1767: 1762: 1761: 1692:Zaynab bint Ali 1672: 1664: 1663: 1634: 1624: 1623: 1537:Sulaymani Bohra 1461: 1451: 1450: 1421:Fatimah's house 1396: 1386: 1385: 1341: 1331: 1330: 1249: 1228: 1227: 1219: 1218: 1209: 1173: 1171: 1166: 1165: 1164: 1130:Dā'ī al-Mutlaqs 1111:Nizārī Ismā'īlī 1105: 1097: 1096: 1012:(al-Wāfī Ahmad) 995:Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq 965: 954: 953: 876:Qalaat al-Madiq 807:Dā'ī al-Mutlaqs 675:Zurayid dynasty 642: 586:Sulaymani Bohra 521: 507: 506: 472: 462: 461: 355: 334: 333: 322: 321: 288: 259: 201: 164: 148: 137: 131: 128: 85: 83: 73: 61: 50: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 16403: 16393: 16392: 16387: 16370: 16369: 16367: 16366: 16356: 16343: 16340: 16339: 16336: 16335: 16332: 16331: 16329: 16328: 16323: 16318: 16313: 16308: 16303: 16298: 16293: 16288: 16287: 16286: 16276: 16275: 16274: 16269: 16264: 16254: 16249: 16248: 16247: 16242: 16231: 16229: 16228:Related topics 16225: 16224: 16222: 16221: 16216: 16211: 16206: 16200: 16198: 16192: 16191: 16189: 16188: 16183: 16178: 16173: 16168: 16167: 16166: 16161: 16150: 16148: 16138: 16137: 16124: 16123: 16120: 16119: 16116: 16115: 16113: 16112: 16107: 16100: 16095: 16094: 16093: 16083: 16078: 16073: 16068: 16063: 16057: 16055: 16051: 16050: 16048: 16047: 16042: 16037: 16032: 16026: 16024: 16018: 16017: 16015: 16014: 16009: 16004: 15999: 15994: 15989: 15984: 15979: 15973: 15971: 15965: 15964: 15962: 15961: 15956: 15951: 15946: 15941: 15936: 15931: 15926: 15920: 15918: 15908: 15907: 15892: 15891: 15888: 15887: 15884: 15883: 15881: 15880: 15875: 15874: 15873: 15861: 15859:Sources of law 15856: 15851: 15850: 15849: 15839: 15832: 15827: 15820: 15815: 15808: 15803: 15798: 15793: 15788: 15783: 15778: 15773: 15766: 15759: 15758: 15757: 15752: 15747: 15737: 15732: 15724: 15722: 15718: 15717: 15715: 15714: 15707: 15700: 15693: 15686: 15679: 15672: 15664: 15662: 15660: 15659: 15654: 15649: 15643: 15640: 15639: 15637: 15636: 15629: 15624: 15617: 15610: 15603: 15595: 15593: 15587: 15586: 15584: 15583: 15576: 15569: 15562: 15555: 15550: 15544: 15542: 15532: 15531: 15528: 15527: 15522: 15516: 15508: 15507: 15504: 15503: 15501: 15500: 15495: 15490: 15485: 15483:Social welfare 15480: 15475: 15468: 15463: 15458: 15453: 15448: 15443: 15438: 15433: 15428: 15423: 15418: 15413: 15408: 15403: 15397: 15395: 15393: 15392: 15387: 15381: 15378: 15377: 15375: 15374: 15369: 15364: 15363: 15362: 15352: 15347: 15342: 15341: 15340: 15335: 15334: 15333: 15323: 15318: 15313: 15303: 15298: 15293: 15292: 15291: 15268: 15266: 15260: 15259: 15257: 15256: 15249: 15244: 15239: 15234: 15228: 15226: 15220: 15219: 15217: 15216: 15215: 15214: 15209: 15204: 15199: 15194: 15189: 15184: 15179: 15167: 15162: 15155: 15148: 15146:Historiography 15143: 15138: 15133: 15128: 15122: 15120: 15118: 15117: 15112: 15106: 15103: 15102: 15100: 15099: 15092: 15085: 15078: 15071: 15063: 15061: 15055: 15054: 15052: 15051: 15046: 15041: 15034: 15029: 15024: 15019: 15018: 15017: 15007: 15000: 14999: 14998: 14987: 14985: 14975: 14974: 14967: 14964: 14963: 14955: 14954: 14947: 14940: 14932: 14923: 14922: 14919: 14918: 14915: 14914: 14912: 14911: 14906: 14901: 14896: 14891: 14886: 14878: 14875: 14874: 14871: 14870: 14868: 14867: 14862: 14857: 14852: 14847: 14842: 14836: 14834: 14828: 14827: 14825: 14824: 14819: 14818: 14817: 14812: 14803: 14788: 14786: 14780: 14779: 14777: 14776: 14775: 14774: 14768: 14763: 14758: 14753: 14751:Muhammad Abduh 14742: 14740: 14734: 14733: 14731: 14730: 14729: 14728: 14710: 14709: 14708: 14694: 14693: 14692: 14674: 14673: 14672: 14655: 14654: 14653: 14648: 14643: 14632: 14630: 14621: 14611: 14610: 14607: 14606: 14604: 14603: 14602: 14601: 14596: 14594:Rashad Khalifa 14586: 14585: 14584: 14579: 14577:Muhammad Iqbal 14569: 14564: 14558: 14556: 14550: 14549: 14547: 14546: 14545: 14544: 14538: 14537: 14536: 14530: 14529: 14528: 14527: 14526: 14520: 14517: 14511: 14508: 14507: 14506: 14505: 14504: 14495: 14494: 14493: 14485: 14484: 14483: 14482: 14481: 14476: 14468: 14461: 14459: 14447: 14446: 14444: 14443: 14430: 14428:Bektashi Order 14421: 14412: 14398: 14396: 14387: 14373: 14372: 14369: 14368: 14366: 14365: 14364: 14363: 14355: 14350: 14345: 14342: 14341: 14340: 14332: 14331: 14330: 14324: 14319: 14318: 14317: 14307: 14306: 14305: 14299: 14298: 14297: 14291: 14290: 14289: 14281: 14280: 14279: 14277:Abu al-Khattab 14268: 14266: 14260: 14259: 14257: 14256: 14255: 14254: 14249: 14244: 14235:Abū Hulmān al- 14228: 14225: 14224: 14223: 14216: 14214: 14205: 14199: 14198: 14195: 14194: 14192: 14191: 14190:Amr ibn Murrah 14188: 14187:Ahmad ibn Hārb 14185: 14182: 14179: 14176: 14175:Salm ibn Sālem 14173: 14170: 14167: 14164: 14161: 14158: 14155: 14150: 14144: 14142: 14138: 14137: 14135: 14134: 14133: 14132: 14126: 14125: 14124: 14118: 14117: 14116: 14110: 14109: 14108: 14107:Sāleh ibn Umar 14102: 14101: 14100: 14094: 14093: 14092: 14086: 14085: 14084: 14083:Gassān al-Kūfī 14078: 14077: 14076: 14070: 14069: 14068: 14061: 14059: 14055: 14054: 14052: 14051: 14050: 14049: 14046: 14043: 14040: 14037: 14034: 14031: 14028: 14025: 14022: 14019: 14016: 14013: 14010: 14007: 14004: 13997: 13995: 13986: 13966: 13965: 13962: 13961: 13959: 13958: 13953: 13952: 13951: 13941: 13932: 13930:Jābir ibn Zayd 13927: 13921: 13919: 13913: 13912: 13910: 13909: 13908: 13907: 13898: 13888: 13887: 13886: 13876: 13875: 13874: 13868: 13867: 13866: 13856: 13855: 13854: 13851: 13848: 13841: 13839: 13830: 13818: 13817: 13814: 13813: 13811: 13810: 13805: 13804: 13803: 13798:Tawussite Shia 13795: 13794: 13793: 13779: 13778: 13777: 13763: 13757: 13755: 13748: 13747: 13745: 13744: 13743: 13742: 13737: 13736: 13735: 13730: 13729: 13728: 13723: 13722: 13721: 13716: 13701: 13700: 13699: 13681: 13680: 13679: 13678: 13677: 13671: 13670: 13669: 13666: 13665: 13664: 13661: 13653: 13638: 13637: 13636: 13625: 13623: 13615: 13614: 13612: 13611: 13610: 13609: 13600: 13587: 13573: 13572: 13571: 13559: 13558: 13557: 13552: 13551: 13550: 13545: 13540: 13520: 13519: 13518: 13501: 13483: 13482: 13481: 13470: 13468: 13458: 13457: 13455: 13454: 13453: 13452: 13443: 13429: 13428: 13427: 13410: 13392: 13391: 13390: 13364: 13363: 13362: 13357: 13356: 13355: 13350: 13334: 13332: 13319: 13297: 13296: 13293: 13292: 13290: 13289: 13288: 13287: 13282: 13272: 13271: 13270: 13268:Imams of Yemen 13265: 13263:Yahya ibn Umar 13260: 13259: 13258: 13248: 13243: 13238: 13227: 13225: 13216: 13210: 13209: 13206: 13205: 13203: 13202: 13201: 13200: 13199: 13198: 13189: 13176: 13153: 13152: 13151: 13150: 13149: 13135: 13124: 13122: 13110: 13109: 13107: 13106: 13105: 13104: 13099: 13094: 13093: 13092: 13087: 13086: 13085: 13080: 13075: 13065: 13064: 13063: 13058: 13053: 13048: 13038: 13037: 13036: 13017: 13007: 13006: 13005: 13000: 12995: 12985: 12984: 12983: 12974: 12972: 12957: 12947: 12946: 12934: 12933: 12930: 12929: 12926: 12925: 12923: 12922: 12917: 12911: 12908: 12907: 12904: 12903: 12901: 12900: 12889: 12878: 12871:Kitab al-Majmu 12867: 12859: 12857: 12853: 12852: 12850: 12849: 12842: 12837: 12830: 12823: 12816: 12808: 12806: 12800: 12799: 12797: 12796: 12789: 12782: 12775: 12768: 12761: 12754: 12747: 12740: 12733: 12726: 12719: 12712: 12709:Asas al-Taqdis 12704: 12702: 12693: 12689: 12688: 12685: 12684: 12682: 12681: 12676: 12671: 12666: 12661: 12655: 12653: 12647: 12646: 12644: 12643: 12638: 12633: 12628: 12623: 12622: 12621: 12611: 12606: 12601: 12596: 12591: 12585: 12583: 12577: 12576: 12574: 12573: 12572: 12571: 12561: 12559:Ja'far Sobhani 12556: 12551: 12546: 12541: 12536: 12531: 12526: 12521: 12516: 12511: 12510: 12509: 12504: 12499: 12494: 12489: 12484: 12479: 12474: 12469: 12464: 12462:Husayn ibn Ali 12459: 12454: 12443: 12441: 12435: 12434: 12432: 12431: 12430: 12429: 12421: 12420: 12419: 12409: 12408: 12407: 12397: 12395:Salman al-Ouda 12392: 12391: 12390: 12388:Sahwa movement 12380: 12378:Zubair Ali Zai 12375: 12370: 12369: 12368: 12358: 12357: 12356: 12346: 12341: 12336: 12331: 12326: 12321: 12316: 12311: 12310: 12309: 12299: 12294: 12288: 12286: 12280: 12279: 12277: 12276: 12275: 12274: 12271: 12268: 12265: 12258: 12256: 12250: 12249: 12247: 12246: 12243: 12238: 12233: 12228: 12226:Al-Zamakhshari 12223: 12222: 12221: 12211: 12205: 12202: 12199: 12196: 12190: 12187: 12184: 12181: 12178: 12171: 12169: 12157: 12156: 12154: 12153: 12133: 12131: 12125: 12124: 12122: 12121: 12111: 12110: 12109: 12101: 12085: 12074: 12072: 12066: 12065: 12063: 12062: 12061: 12060: 12059: 12058: 12045: 12044: 12043: 12032: 12030: 12024: 12023: 12021: 12020: 12015: 12010: 12005: 12000: 11995: 11990: 11985: 11980: 11975: 11970: 11965: 11963:Ahmad Sirhindi 11960: 11955: 11950: 11945: 11940: 11935: 11930: 11925: 11920: 11915: 11910: 11905: 11900: 11895: 11890: 11885: 11880: 11875: 11870: 11865: 11859: 11857: 11845: 11844: 11842: 11841: 11831: 11824:Malik ibn Anas 11821: 11810: 11808: 11799: 11798: 11796: 11795: 11790: 11785: 11780: 11775: 11770: 11765: 11760: 11755: 11750: 11745: 11740: 11735: 11730: 11725: 11720: 11715: 11710: 11705: 11700: 11695: 11690: 11685: 11680: 11675: 11670: 11665: 11660: 11655: 11650: 11645: 11640: 11635: 11630: 11625: 11620: 11615: 11610: 11605: 11600: 11595: 11590: 11588:Al-Shahrastani 11585: 11580: 11575: 11570: 11564: 11562: 11547: 11541: 11540: 11537: 11536: 11534: 11533: 11528: 11523: 11517: 11515: 11509: 11508: 11506: 11505: 11500: 11495: 11489: 11487: 11481: 11480: 11478: 11477: 11472: 11467: 11462: 11456: 11454: 11448: 11447: 11445: 11444: 11439: 11434: 11428: 11426: 11417: 11409: 11408: 11405: 11404: 11401: 11396: 11392: 11384: 11383: 11376: 11375: 11368: 11361: 11353: 11347: 11346: 11341: 11328: 11327:External links 11325: 11323: 11322: 11316: 11303: 11294: 11285: 11279: 11265: 11263: 11260: 11257: 11256: 11232: 11205: 11184: 11163: 11141: 11122: 11112: 11094: 11087: 11069: 11062: 11044: 11034: 11016: 11006: 10988: 10977: 10959: 10949: 10931: 10921: 10903: 10872: 10862: 10844: 10818: 10791:(2): 239–262. 10769: 10732:10.2307/605981 10700: 10693: 10675: 10664: 10646: 10620: 10605: 10598: 10580: 10565: 10558: 10540: 10533: 10515: 10501: 10494: 10476: 10461: 10443: 10436: 10418: 10411: 10384: 10377: 10363:. p. 13. 10349: 10331: 10324: 10281: 10274: 10253: 10227: 10213: 10198: 10171:(2): 197–221. 10151: 10144: 10126: 10097: 10080: 10061: 10011: 9978: 9960: 9934: 9906: 9892: 9872: 9861:Chisholm, Hugh 9834: 9816: 9803: 9770: 9751: 9729: 9722: 9704: 9697: 9679: 9665: 9645: 9638: 9618: 9611: 9591: 9584: 9564: 9543: 9522: 9496: 9493:. p. 113. 9481: 9466: 9463:. p. 161. 9451: 9436: 9433:. p. 123. 9421: 9414: 9396: 9389: 9371: 9364: 9341: 9336:Ismaili Gnosis 9322: 9301: 9283: 9262: 9236: 9210: 9189: 9164: 9132: 9122: 9109: 9096: 9075: 9068: 9045: 9019: 8993: 8978: 8971: 8951: 8944: 8912: 8905: 8887: 8861: 8840: 8815: 8790: 8769: 8750: 8725: 8723:, p. 917. 8713: 8708:"Ismāʿīliyyah" 8699: 8692: 8674: 8666:"Ismāʿīliyyah" 8657: 8646: 8628: 8618: 8600: 8595:"Ismāʿīliyyah" 8586: 8581:"Ismāʿīliyyah" 8572: 8545: 8544: 8542: 8539: 8537: 8534: 8532: 8531: 8526: 8521: 8516: 8511: 8506: 8501: 8496: 8491: 8486: 8481: 8476: 8471: 8466: 8461: 8456: 8451: 8445: 8443: 8440: 8437: 8435: 8434: 8432: 8430: 8428: 8426: 8424: 8422: 8420: 8418: 8416: 8414: 8412: 8410: 8408: 8406: 8404: 8402: 8400: 8398: 8395: 8393: 8392: 8390: 8388: 8386: 8384: 8382: 8380: 8378: 8376: 8374: 8372: 8370: 8368: 8361: 8359: 8352: 8350: 8343: 8341: 8334: 8332: 8330: 8328: 8326: 8324: 8322: 8320: 8317: 8316: 8314: 8312: 8310: 8308: 8306: 8303: 8302: 8300: 8298: 8296: 8294: 8292: 8290: 8288: 8286: 8284: 8282: 8280: 8278: 8276: 8274: 8272: 8270: 8268: 8266: 8264: 8262: 8260: 8258: 8256: 8254: 8252: 8250: 8248: 8246: 8244: 8242: 8240: 8238: 8236: 8234: 8232: 8230: 8228: 8226: 8224: 8222: 8220: 8218: 8216: 8214: 8211: 8209: 8208: 8206: 8204: 8202: 8200: 8198: 8196: 8194: 8192: 8190: 8188: 8186: 8179: 8177: 8170: 8168: 8161: 8159: 8157: 8154:Hebtiahs Bohra 8150: 8148: 8146: 8144: 8142: 8140: 8137: 8136: 8134: 8132: 8130: 8128: 8126: 8124: 8122: 8120: 8118: 8116: 8114: 8112: 8110: 8108: 8106: 8104: 8101: 8100: 8098: 8096: 8094: 8092: 8090: 8088: 8086: 8084: 8082: 8080: 8078: 8076: 8074: 8072: 8070: 8068: 8066: 8064: 8062: 8060: 8058: 8056: 8054: 8052: 8050: 8048: 8046: 8044: 8042: 8040: 8038: 8036: 8034: 8032: 8030: 8028: 8026: 8024: 8022: 8020: 8018: 8016: 8014: 8011: 8010: 8007: 8006: 8004: 8002: 8000: 7998: 7996: 7994: 7992: 7990: 7988: 7986: 7984: 7982: 7975: 7973: 7966: 7964: 7957: 7955: 7948: 7946: 7944: 7942: 7940: 7938: 7936: 7934: 7931: 7929: 7928: 7926: 7924: 7922: 7920: 7918: 7916: 7914: 7912: 7910: 7908: 7906: 7904: 7902: 7900: 7898: 7896: 7894: 7892: 7890: 7888: 7886: 7884: 7882: 7880: 7878: 7876: 7874: 7872: 7870: 7868: 7866: 7864: 7862: 7860: 7858: 7856: 7854: 7851: 7850: 7847: 7846: 7844: 7842: 7840: 7838: 7836: 7834: 7832: 7830: 7828: 7826: 7815:Nizari Imamate 7811: 7809: 7794: 7792: 7777: 7775: 7760: 7758: 7756: 7754: 7752: 7750: 7748: 7746: 7743: 7742: 7740: 7738: 7736: 7734: 7732: 7729: 7728: 7726: 7724: 7722: 7720: 7718: 7716: 7714: 7712: 7710: 7708: 7706: 7704: 7702: 7700: 7698: 7696: 7694: 7692: 7690: 7688: 7686: 7684: 7682: 7680: 7678: 7676: 7674: 7672: 7670: 7668: 7666: 7664: 7662: 7660: 7657: 7656: 7653: 7652: 7650: 7648: 7646: 7644: 7642: 7640: 7638: 7636: 7634: 7632: 7630: 7628: 7626: 7624: 7622: 7620: 7618: 7608: 7606: 7604: 7602: 7600: 7593: 7591: 7584: 7582: 7580: 7578: 7571: 7569: 7567: 7565: 7562: 7560: 7559: 7557: 7555: 7553: 7551: 7549: 7547: 7545: 7543: 7541: 7539: 7537: 7535: 7533: 7531: 7529: 7527: 7525: 7523: 7521: 7519: 7517: 7515: 7513: 7511: 7509: 7507: 7505: 7503: 7501: 7499: 7497: 7495: 7493: 7491: 7489: 7487: 7485: 7483: 7480: 7478: 7477: 7475: 7473: 7471: 7469: 7467: 7465: 7456: 7454: 7452: 7450: 7441: 7439: 7430: 7428: 7426: 7424: 7417: 7415: 7413: 7411: 7408: 7407: 7405: 7403: 7401: 7399: 7396: 7395: 7393: 7391: 7389: 7387: 7385: 7383: 7381: 7379: 7377: 7375: 7373: 7371: 7369: 7367: 7365: 7363: 7361: 7359: 7357: 7355: 7353: 7351: 7349: 7347: 7345: 7343: 7341: 7339: 7337: 7335: 7333: 7331: 7329: 7327: 7325: 7322: 7321: 7319: 7317: 7315: 7313: 7311: 7309: 7307: 7305: 7302: 7301: 7299: 7297: 7295: 7293: 7291: 7289: 7287: 7285: 7283: 7281: 7279: 7277: 7275: 7273: 7271: 7262: 7260: 7258: 7256: 7249: 7247: 7245: 7243: 7240: 7238: 7237: 7235: 7233: 7231: 7229: 7227: 7225: 7223: 7221: 7219: 7217: 7215: 7213: 7211: 7209: 7207: 7205: 7203: 7201: 7199: 7197: 7195: 7193: 7191: 7189: 7187: 7185: 7183: 7181: 7179: 7177: 7175: 7173: 7171: 7168: 7166: 7165: 7163: 7161: 7159: 7157: 7155: 7153: 7151: 7149: 7147: 7145: 7143: 7141: 7139: 7132: 7130: 7128: 7126: 7124: 7122: 7115: 7113: 7111: 7109: 7102: 7100: 7098: 7096: 7093: 7091: 7090: 7088: 7086: 7084: 7082: 7080: 7078: 7076: 7074: 7072: 7070: 7068: 7066: 7064: 7062: 7060: 7058: 7056: 7054: 7052: 7050: 7048: 7046: 7044: 7042: 7040: 7038: 7036: 7034: 7032: 7030: 7028: 7026: 7024: 7022: 7020: 7018: 7015: 7014: 7012: 7010: 7007: 7006: 7004: 7002: 7000: 6998: 6996: 6994: 6992: 6990: 6988: 6986: 6984: 6982: 6980: 6978: 6969: 6967: 6965: 6963: 6958: 6956: 6954: 6952: 6949: 6947: 6946: 6944: 6942: 6940: 6938: 6936: 6934: 6932: 6930: 6928: 6926: 6924: 6922: 6920: 6918: 6916: 6914: 6912: 6910: 6908: 6906: 6904: 6902: 6900: 6898: 6896: 6894: 6892: 6890: 6888: 6886: 6884: 6882: 6880: 6878: 6876: 6873: 6871: 6870: 6868: 6866: 6864: 6862: 6860: 6858: 6856: 6854: 6852: 6850: 6848: 6846: 6844: 6842: 6840: 6838: 6836: 6834: 6832: 6830: 6828: 6826: 6824: 6822: 6820: 6818: 6816: 6814: 6812: 6810: 6808: 6806: 6804: 6802: 6800: 6797: 6795: 6794: 6792: 6790: 6788: 6786: 6784: 6782: 6780: 6778: 6776: 6774: 6760: 6758: 6751: 6749: 6747: 6745: 6738: 6736: 6734: 6732: 6729: 6727: 6726: 6724: 6722: 6720: 6718: 6716: 6714: 6712: 6710: 6708: 6706: 6704: 6702: 6700: 6698: 6696: 6694: 6692: 6690: 6688: 6686: 6684: 6682: 6680: 6678: 6676: 6674: 6672: 6670: 6668: 6666: 6664: 6662: 6660: 6658: 6655: 6653: 6652: 6650: 6648: 6646: 6644: 6642: 6640: 6638: 6636: 6634: 6632: 6630: 6628: 6626: 6624: 6622: 6620: 6611: 6609: 6600: 6598: 6596: 6594: 6592: 6590: 6588: 6586: 6584: 6582: 6579: 6578: 6576: 6574: 6571: 6570: 6568: 6566: 6564: 6562: 6560: 6558: 6556: 6554: 6552: 6550: 6548: 6546: 6544: 6542: 6540: 6538: 6536: 6534: 6532: 6530: 6528: 6526: 6524: 6522: 6520: 6518: 6516: 6514: 6512: 6510: 6508: 6506: 6504: 6502: 6500: 6498: 6495: 6494: 6492: 6489: 6488: 6486: 6484: 6482: 6480: 6478: 6476: 6474: 6472: 6470: 6468: 6466: 6464: 6462: 6460: 6458: 6456: 6454: 6443: 6441: 6439: 6428: 6426: 6424: 6422: 6420: 6418: 6416: 6414: 6412: 6410: 6407: 6405: 6404: 6402: 6400: 6398: 6396: 6394: 6392: 6390: 6388: 6386: 6384: 6382: 6380: 6378: 6376: 6374: 6372: 6370: 6368: 6366: 6364: 6362: 6360: 6358: 6356: 6354: 6352: 6350: 6348: 6346: 6344: 6342: 6340: 6338: 6336: 6334: 6331: 6329: 6328: 6326: 6324: 6322: 6320: 6318: 6316: 6314: 6312: 6310: 6308: 6306: 6301: 6299: 6277: 6275: 6259: 6257: 6255: 6253: 6251: 6249: 6247: 6245: 6243: 6241: 6238: 6236: 6235: 6233: 6231: 6229: 6227: 6225: 6223: 6221: 6219: 6217: 6215: 6213: 6211: 6209: 6207: 6205: 6203: 6201: 6199: 6197: 6195: 6193: 6191: 6189: 6187: 6185: 6183: 6181: 6179: 6177: 6175: 6173: 6171: 6169: 6167: 6165: 6162: 6161: 6158: 6157: 6155: 6153: 6151: 6149: 6147: 6145: 6143: 6141: 6139: 6137: 6135: 6130: 6128: 6115: 6113: 6097: 6095: 6093: 6091: 6089: 6087: 6085: 6083: 6081: 6079: 6076: 6074: 6073: 6071: 6069: 6067: 6065: 6063: 6061: 6059: 6057: 6055: 6053: 6051: 6049: 6047: 6045: 6043: 6041: 6039: 6037: 6035: 6033: 6031: 6029: 6027: 6025: 6023: 6021: 6019: 6017: 6015: 6013: 6011: 6009: 6007: 6005: 6002: 6000: 5999: 5997: 5995: 5993: 5991: 5989: 5987: 5985: 5983: 5981: 5979: 5977: 5975:Musa al-Kadhim 5972: 5970: 5963: 5961: 5959: 5957: 5955: 5953: 5951: 5949: 5947: 5945: 5943: 5941: 5939: 5937: 5934: 5933: 5931: 5929: 5927: 5925: 5923: 5920: 5919: 5917: 5915: 5913: 5911: 5909: 5907: 5905: 5903: 5901: 5899: 5897: 5895: 5893: 5891: 5889: 5887: 5885: 5883: 5881: 5879: 5877: 5875: 5873: 5871: 5869: 5867: 5865: 5863: 5861: 5859: 5857: 5855: 5853: 5851: 5849: 5847: 5845: 5843: 5840: 5839: 5837: 5835: 5833: 5831: 5829: 5827: 5825: 5823: 5821: 5819: 5817: 5815: 5813: 5811: 5809: 5806: 5805: 5803: 5801: 5799: 5797: 5795: 5793: 5791: 5789: 5787: 5785: 5783: 5781: 5779: 5777: 5775: 5773: 5771: 5769: 5767: 5765: 5763: 5761: 5759: 5757: 5755: 5753: 5751: 5749: 5747: 5745: 5743: 5741: 5727: 5725: 5724: 5722: 5720: 5718: 5716: 5714: 5712: 5710: 5708: 5706: 5704: 5702: 5700: 5698: 5696: 5694: 5691: 5689: 5688: 5686: 5684: 5682: 5680: 5678: 5676: 5674: 5672: 5670: 5668: 5666: 5658: 5656: 5655: 5653: 5651: 5649: 5647: 5645: 5643: 5641: 5639: 5637: 5635: 5633: 5631: 5629: 5627: 5625: 5622: 5620: 5619: 5617: 5615: 5613: 5611: 5609: 5607: 5605: 5603: 5601: 5599: 5597: 5595: 5593: 5591: 5579: 5577: 5576: 5574: 5572: 5570: 5568: 5566: 5564: 5562: 5560: 5558: 5556: 5554: 5552: 5550: 5548: 5546: 5543: 5541: 5540: 5538: 5536: 5534: 5532: 5530: 5528: 5526: 5524: 5522: 5520: 5518: 5516: 5508: 5506: 5505: 5503: 5501: 5499: 5497: 5495: 5493: 5491: 5489: 5487: 5485: 5483: 5481: 5479: 5477: 5475: 5472: 5470: 5469: 5467: 5465: 5463: 5461: 5459: 5457: 5455: 5453: 5445: 5443: 5442: 5440: 5438: 5436: 5434: 5432: 5430: 5428: 5426: 5424: 5422: 5420: 5418: 5415: 5413: 5412: 5410: 5408: 5406: 5404: 5402: 5400: 5398: 5396: 5389:2. Imâm Husayn 5384: 5382: 5381: 5379: 5377: 5375: 5373: 5371: 5369: 5367: 5365: 5363: 5361: 5359: 5357: 5355: 5353: 5351: 5348: 5346: 5345: 5343: 5341: 5339: 5337: 5335: 5333: 5331: 5329: 5317: 5315: 5314: 5312: 5310: 5308: 5306: 5304: 5302: 5300: 5298: 5296: 5294: 5292: 5290: 5288: 5286: 5284: 5281: 5279: 5278: 5276: 5274: 5272: 5270: 5268: 5266: 5264: 5262: 5250: 5248: 5247: 5245: 5243: 5241: 5239: 5237: 5235: 5233: 5231: 5229: 5227: 5225: 5223: 5221: 5219: 5217: 5214: 5212: 5211: 5209: 5207: 5205: 5203: 5201: 5199: 5197: 5195: 5189: 5187: 5186: 5184: 5182: 5180: 5178: 5176: 5174: 5172: 5170: 5168: 5166: 5164: 5162: 5160: 5158: 5156: 5153: 5151: 5150: 5148: 5146: 5144: 5142: 5140: 5138: 5136: 5134: 5128: 5126: 5125: 5123: 5121: 5119: 5117: 5115: 5113: 5111: 5109: 5107: 5105: 5103: 5101: 5099: 5097: 5091: 5088: 5071: 5068: 5026: 5025: 5016: 5005: 4985: 4982: 4950:Main article: 4947: 4944: 4912:Main article: 4909: 4906: 4900:following the 4898:Bektashi Order 4894:crypto-Muslims 4856:Main article: 4853: 4850: 4848: 4845: 4829: 4826: 4762:Main article: 4759: 4756: 4747: 4744: 4728:Da'i al-Mutlaq 4720:Main article: 4717: 4714: 4708:Hebtiahs Bohra 4706:Main article: 4703: 4702:Hebtiahs Bohra 4700: 4680:dāʿī al-muṭlaq 4640:Main article: 4637: 4634: 4630:United Kingdom 4599:Jazeera-e Sind 4525:Main article: 4522: 4519: 4480:Da'i al-Mutlaq 4472:Da'i al-Mutlaq 4403:, Nairobi and 4345:Main article: 4342: 4339: 4311:Dawoodi Bohras 4295:Main article: 4292: 4289: 4268:sultan of the 4237: 4234: 4219: 4216: 4188: 4185: 4179: 4176: 4174: 4171: 4143:Main article: 4140: 4137: 4123: 4120: 4097: 4094: 4062: 4059: 4003:Main article: 4000: 3997: 3995: 3992: 3965:Main article: 3962: 3959: 3948:Main article: 3945: 3942: 3912:Main article: 3909: 3906: 3888:Da'i al-Mutlaq 3886:Main article: 3883: 3880: 3827: 3824: 3815:Main article: 3812: 3809: 3762:Main article: 3759: 3756: 3709:Husayn ibn Ali 3495: 3492: 3439:their apparent 3430: 3422: 3419: 3415:Nader El-Bizri 3385: 3382: 3373:Burusho people 3250: 3247: 3223:Main article: 3220: 3217: 3158:Main article: 3155: 3152: 3124:Main article: 3121: 3118: 3061: 3058: 3053:Main article: 3050: 3047: 2979: 2976: 2968:Hebtiahs Bohra 2917:Zoeb bin Moosa 2874:Da'i al-Mutlaq 2816:Syedi Nuruddin 2727: 2724: 2677:Main article: 2674: 2671: 2647:Main article: 2644: 2641: 2601:Zoroastrianism 2593:Main article: 2590: 2589:The Qarmatians 2587: 2529:Main article: 2526: 2523: 2518:Musa al-Kadhim 2432:Main article: 2429: 2426: 2364:Main article: 2361: 2358: 2356: 2353: 2264:الإمام المستقر 2152:Main article: 2149: 2146: 2122: 2119: 1988:oneness of God 1894:Musa al-Kadhim 1831:al-Ismāʿīliyya 1807: 1806: 1804: 1803: 1796: 1789: 1781: 1778: 1777: 1764: 1763: 1760: 1759: 1757:Sayyida Nafisa 1754: 1749: 1744: 1739: 1734: 1732:Hakimah Khātūn 1729: 1724: 1719: 1714: 1709: 1704: 1699: 1694: 1689: 1684: 1679: 1673: 1670: 1669: 1666: 1665: 1662: 1661: 1656: 1651: 1646: 1641: 1635: 1630: 1629: 1626: 1625: 1622: 1621: 1616: 1615: 1614: 1609: 1604: 1603: 1602: 1592: 1587: 1577: 1576: 1575: 1574: 1573: 1568: 1558: 1557: 1556: 1551: 1550: 1549: 1544: 1539: 1534: 1529: 1527:Hebtiahs Bohra 1524: 1523: 1522: 1497: 1496: 1495: 1485: 1484: 1483: 1478: 1473: 1462: 1457: 1456: 1453: 1452: 1449: 1448: 1443: 1438: 1433: 1428: 1423: 1418: 1413: 1408: 1403: 1397: 1392: 1391: 1388: 1387: 1384: 1383: 1378: 1373: 1368: 1363: 1358: 1353: 1348: 1342: 1337: 1336: 1333: 1332: 1329: 1328: 1323: 1318: 1313: 1308: 1303: 1298: 1293: 1292: 1291: 1286: 1281: 1271: 1266: 1261: 1256: 1250: 1247: 1246: 1243: 1242: 1234: 1233: 1211: 1210: 1208: 1207: 1200: 1193: 1185: 1182: 1181: 1168: 1167: 1163: 1162: 1161: 1160: 1151: 1142: 1120: 1107: 1106: 1103: 1102: 1099: 1098: 1095: 1094: 1085: 1080: 1071: 1066: 1061: 1056: 1051: 1046: 1041: 1036: 1031: 1023: 1015: 1007: 1002: 997: 992: 987: 982: 977: 972: 966: 960: 959: 956: 955: 952: 951: 946: 941: 932: 931: 930: 925: 920: 915: 910: 905: 895: 890: 879: 878: 873: 872: 871: 866: 861: 856: 851: 846: 841: 831: 826: 815: 814: 809: 804: 799: 794: 789: 784: 779: 777:Hasan-i Sabbah 774: 769: 764: 759: 754: 749: 744: 739: 734: 729: 724: 719: 714: 709: 704: 699: 688: 687: 682: 677: 672: 667: 662: 657: 641: 640: 639: 638: 633: 628: 623: 611: 610: 609: 600: 599: 598: 593: 588: 583: 582: 581: 574: 562: 560:Hebtiahs Bohra 557: 556: 555: 526: 524:Branches/sects 522: 513: 512: 509: 508: 505: 504: 499: 494: 489: 484: 479: 473: 468: 467: 464: 463: 460: 459: 454: 449: 444: 439: 434: 429: 424: 423: 422: 417: 412: 402: 397: 392: 387: 382: 377: 372: 367: 362: 356: 353: 352: 349: 348: 340: 339: 314: 313: 307: 303: 302: 297: 293: 292: 283: 279: 278: 275:Eastern Africa 271: 267: 266: 261: 255: 254: 241: 235: 234: 229: 225: 224: 219: 213: 212: 207: 206:Classification 203: 202: 192: 184: 183: 161: 160: 150: 149: 64: 62: 55: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 16402: 16391: 16388: 16386: 16383: 16382: 16380: 16365: 16357: 16355: 16345: 16344: 16341: 16327: 16324: 16322: 16319: 16317: 16314: 16312: 16309: 16307: 16304: 16302: 16299: 16297: 16294: 16292: 16289: 16285: 16282: 16281: 16280: 16277: 16273: 16270: 16268: 16267:Post-Islamism 16265: 16263: 16260: 16259: 16258: 16255: 16253: 16250: 16246: 16243: 16241: 16238: 16237: 16236: 16233: 16232: 16230: 16226: 16220: 16217: 16215: 16212: 16210: 16207: 16205: 16202: 16201: 16199: 16197: 16193: 16187: 16184: 16182: 16179: 16177: 16174: 16172: 16169: 16165: 16164:Protestantism 16162: 16160: 16157: 16156: 16155: 16152: 16151: 16149: 16147: 16143: 16139: 16129: 16125: 16111: 16108: 16106: 16105: 16101: 16099: 16096: 16092: 16089: 16088: 16087: 16084: 16082: 16079: 16077: 16074: 16072: 16069: 16067: 16064: 16062: 16059: 16058: 16056: 16052: 16046: 16043: 16041: 16038: 16036: 16033: 16031: 16028: 16027: 16025: 16023: 16019: 16013: 16010: 16008: 16007:Ophthalmology 16005: 16003: 16000: 15998: 15995: 15993: 15990: 15988: 15985: 15983: 15980: 15978: 15975: 15974: 15972: 15970: 15966: 15960: 15957: 15955: 15952: 15950: 15947: 15945: 15942: 15940: 15937: 15935: 15932: 15930: 15927: 15925: 15922: 15921: 15919: 15917: 15913: 15909: 15905: 15897: 15893: 15879: 15876: 15872: 15871: 15867: 15866: 15865: 15862: 15860: 15857: 15855: 15852: 15848: 15845: 15844: 15843: 15840: 15838: 15837: 15833: 15831: 15828: 15826: 15825: 15821: 15819: 15816: 15814: 15813: 15809: 15807: 15804: 15802: 15799: 15797: 15794: 15792: 15789: 15787: 15784: 15782: 15779: 15777: 15774: 15772: 15771: 15767: 15765: 15764: 15760: 15756: 15755:Death penalty 15753: 15751: 15748: 15746: 15743: 15742: 15741: 15738: 15736: 15733: 15731: 15730: 15726: 15725: 15723: 15721:Other aspects 15719: 15713: 15712: 15708: 15706: 15705: 15701: 15699: 15698: 15694: 15692: 15691: 15687: 15685: 15684: 15680: 15678: 15677: 15673: 15671: 15670: 15666: 15665: 15663: 15658: 15655: 15653: 15650: 15648: 15645: 15644: 15641: 15635: 15634: 15630: 15628: 15625: 15623: 15622: 15618: 15616: 15615: 15611: 15609: 15608: 15604: 15602: 15601: 15597: 15596: 15594: 15592: 15588: 15582: 15581: 15577: 15575: 15574: 15570: 15568: 15567: 15563: 15561: 15560: 15556: 15554: 15551: 15549: 15546: 15545: 15543: 15541: 15537: 15533: 15526: 15525:Jurisprudence 15523: 15521: 15518: 15517: 15513: 15509: 15499: 15496: 15494: 15491: 15489: 15486: 15484: 15481: 15479: 15476: 15474: 15473: 15469: 15467: 15464: 15462: 15459: 15457: 15454: 15452: 15449: 15447: 15444: 15442: 15439: 15437: 15434: 15432: 15429: 15427: 15424: 15422: 15419: 15417: 15414: 15412: 15409: 15407: 15404: 15402: 15399: 15398: 15396: 15391: 15388: 15386: 15383: 15382: 15379: 15373: 15370: 15368: 15365: 15361: 15358: 15357: 15356: 15353: 15351: 15348: 15346: 15343: 15339: 15336: 15332: 15329: 15328: 15327: 15324: 15322: 15319: 15317: 15314: 15312: 15309: 15308: 15307: 15304: 15302: 15299: 15297: 15294: 15290: 15286: 15282: 15278: 15275: 15274: 15273: 15270: 15269: 15267: 15265: 15264:Denominations 15261: 15255: 15254: 15250: 15248: 15245: 15243: 15240: 15238: 15235: 15233: 15230: 15229: 15227: 15225: 15221: 15213: 15210: 15208: 15205: 15203: 15200: 15198: 15195: 15193: 15190: 15188: 15185: 15183: 15180: 15178: 15177: 15173: 15172: 15171: 15168: 15166: 15163: 15161: 15160: 15156: 15154: 15153: 15149: 15147: 15144: 15142: 15139: 15137: 15134: 15132: 15129: 15127: 15124: 15123: 15121: 15116: 15113: 15111: 15108: 15107: 15104: 15098: 15097: 15093: 15091: 15090: 15086: 15084: 15083: 15079: 15077: 15076: 15072: 15070: 15069: 15065: 15064: 15062: 15060: 15056: 15050: 15049:Holiest sites 15047: 15045: 15044:Judgement Day 15042: 15040: 15039: 15035: 15033: 15030: 15028: 15025: 15023: 15020: 15016: 15013: 15012: 15011: 15008: 15006: 15005: 15001: 14997: 14994: 14993: 14992: 14989: 14988: 14986: 14984: 14980: 14976: 14972: 14971: 14965: 14960: 14953: 14948: 14946: 14941: 14939: 14934: 14933: 14930: 14910: 14907: 14905: 14902: 14900: 14897: 14895: 14892: 14890: 14887: 14884: 14880: 14879: 14876: 14866: 14863: 14861: 14858: 14856: 14853: 14851: 14848: 14846: 14843: 14841: 14838: 14837: 14835: 14833: 14832:Other beliefs 14829: 14823: 14820: 14816: 14813: 14811: 14807: 14806:Hilmi Tunahan 14804: 14802: 14798: 14795: 14794: 14793: 14790: 14789: 14787: 14785: 14781: 14773: 14769: 14767: 14764: 14762: 14759: 14757: 14756:Muhammad Asad 14754: 14752: 14749: 14748: 14747: 14744: 14743: 14741: 14739: 14735: 14727: 14723: 14719: 14716: 14715: 14714: 14711: 14707: 14703: 14700: 14699: 14698: 14695: 14691: 14687: 14683: 14680: 14679: 14678: 14675: 14671: 14667: 14666:Sabbatai Zevi 14664: 14663: 14662: 14659: 14656: 14652: 14649: 14647: 14644: 14642: 14639: 14638: 14637: 14634: 14633: 14631: 14629: 14625: 14622: 14620: 14612: 14600: 14597: 14595: 14592: 14591: 14590: 14587: 14583: 14580: 14578: 14575: 14574: 14573: 14570: 14568: 14565: 14563: 14560: 14559: 14557: 14555: 14551: 14542: 14541: 14539: 14534: 14533: 14531: 14524: 14523: 14521: 14518: 14516:Ali al-Aswarī 14515: 14514: 14512: 14509: 14502: 14501: 14499: 14498: 14496: 14491: 14490: 14489: 14486: 14480: 14477: 14474: 14473: 14472: 14469: 14466: 14465: 14463: 14462: 14460: 14457: 14452: 14448: 14442: 14438: 14434: 14431: 14429: 14425: 14422: 14420: 14416: 14413: 14411: 14407: 14403: 14400: 14399: 14397: 14395: 14391: 14388: 14385: 14378: 14374: 14362: 14359: 14358: 14356: 14354: 14351: 14349: 14346: 14343: 14338: 14337: 14336: 14333: 14328: 14327: 14325: 14323: 14320: 14316: 14313: 14312: 14311: 14308: 14303: 14302: 14300: 14295: 14294: 14293:Muʿāmmarīyya 14292: 14287: 14286: 14285: 14282: 14278: 14275: 14274: 14273: 14270: 14269: 14267: 14265: 14261: 14253: 14250: 14248: 14245: 14242: 14238: 14234: 14233: 14232: 14229: 14226: 14221: 14220: 14218: 14217: 14215: 14213: 14209: 14206: 14204: 14200: 14189: 14186: 14183: 14180: 14177: 14174: 14171: 14168: 14165: 14162: 14159: 14156: 14154: 14151: 14149: 14146: 14145: 14143: 14139: 14130: 14129: 14127: 14122: 14121: 14119: 14114: 14113: 14111: 14106: 14105: 14103: 14098: 14097: 14095: 14090: 14089: 14087: 14082: 14081: 14079: 14074: 14073: 14071: 14066: 14065: 14063: 14062: 14060: 14056: 14047: 14044: 14041: 14038: 14035: 14032: 14029: 14026: 14023: 14020: 14017: 14014: 14011: 14008: 14005: 14002: 14001: 13999: 13998: 13996: 13994: 13990: 13987: 13984: 13978: 13971: 13967: 13957: 13954: 13950: 13947: 13946: 13945: 13942: 13940: 13936: 13933: 13931: 13928: 13926: 13923: 13922: 13920: 13918: 13914: 13906: 13902: 13899: 13897: 13894: 13893: 13892: 13889: 13885: 13882: 13881: 13880: 13877: 13872: 13871: 13869: 13865: 13862: 13861: 13860: 13857: 13852: 13849: 13846: 13845: 13843: 13842: 13840: 13838: 13834: 13831: 13828: 13823: 13819: 13809: 13808:Waqifite Shia 13806: 13801: 13800: 13799: 13796: 13792: 13788: 13785: 13784: 13783: 13780: 13776: 13772: 13769: 13768: 13767: 13764: 13762: 13759: 13758: 13756: 13754: 13749: 13741: 13738: 13734: 13733:Ishaq al-Turk 13731: 13727: 13724: 13720: 13717: 13715: 13712: 13711: 13710: 13707: 13706: 13705: 13702: 13698: 13695: 13694: 13693: 13690: 13689: 13687: 13686: 13685: 13682: 13675: 13674: 13672: 13667: 13662: 13660: 13657: 13656: 13654: 13651: 13650: 13648: 13647: 13646: 13642: 13639: 13635: 13632: 13631: 13630: 13627: 13626: 13624: 13622: 13616: 13608: 13604: 13601: 13599: 13595: 13591: 13588: 13586: 13582: 13579: 13578: 13577: 13574: 13570: 13567: 13563: 13560: 13556: 13553: 13549: 13546: 13544: 13541: 13539: 13536: 13535: 13534: 13531: 13530: 13529: 13526: 13525: 13524: 13521: 13517: 13513: 13509: 13505: 13502: 13500: 13496: 13492: 13491:Hamdan Qarmat 13489: 13488: 13487: 13484: 13480: 13477: 13476: 13475: 13472: 13471: 13469: 13467: 13463: 13459: 13451: 13447: 13444: 13442: 13438: 13435: 13434: 13433: 13430: 13426: 13422: 13418: 13414: 13411: 13409: 13405: 13401: 13398: 13397: 13396: 13393: 13389: 13388:Safavid Islam 13385: 13381: 13377: 13373: 13372:Sheikh Haydar 13370: 13369: 13368: 13365: 13361: 13358: 13354: 13351: 13349: 13346: 13345: 13344: 13341: 13340: 13339: 13336: 13335: 13333: 13331: 13327: 13323: 13320: 13318: 13314: 13310: 13306: 13302: 13298: 13286: 13283: 13281: 13278: 13277: 13276: 13273: 13269: 13266: 13264: 13261: 13257: 13254: 13253: 13252: 13249: 13247: 13244: 13242: 13239: 13237: 13234: 13233: 13232: 13229: 13228: 13226: 13224: 13220: 13217: 13215: 13211: 13197: 13193: 13190: 13188: 13184: 13180: 13177: 13175: 13171: 13167: 13164: 13163: 13162: 13159: 13158: 13157: 13154: 13148: 13144: 13141: 13140: 13139: 13136: 13134: 13131: 13130: 13129: 13126: 13125: 13123: 13120: 13115: 13111: 13103: 13100: 13098: 13095: 13091: 13088: 13084: 13081: 13079: 13076: 13074: 13071: 13070: 13069: 13066: 13062: 13059: 13057: 13054: 13052: 13049: 13047: 13044: 13043: 13042: 13039: 13035: 13031: 13028: 13027: 13026: 13023: 13022: 13021: 13018: 13016: 13013: 13012: 13011: 13008: 13004: 13001: 12999: 12996: 12994: 12991: 12990: 12989: 12986: 12982: 12979: 12978: 12976: 12975: 12973: 12970: 12965: 12964:Ahl al-Hadith 12961: 12958: 12956: 12952: 12948: 12944: 12939: 12935: 12921: 12918: 12916: 12913: 12912: 12909: 12899: 12898: 12894: 12890: 12888: 12887: 12883: 12879: 12877: 12876: 12872: 12868: 12866: 12865: 12861: 12860: 12858: 12854: 12848: 12847: 12843: 12841: 12838: 12836: 12835: 12831: 12829: 12828: 12824: 12822: 12821: 12817: 12815: 12814: 12810: 12809: 12807: 12805: 12801: 12795: 12794: 12790: 12788: 12787: 12783: 12781: 12780: 12776: 12774: 12773: 12769: 12767: 12766: 12762: 12760: 12759: 12755: 12753: 12752: 12748: 12746: 12745: 12741: 12739: 12738: 12734: 12732: 12731: 12727: 12725: 12724: 12720: 12718: 12717: 12713: 12711: 12710: 12706: 12705: 12703: 12701: 12697: 12694: 12690: 12680: 12677: 12675: 12672: 12670: 12667: 12665: 12662: 12660: 12657: 12656: 12654: 12652: 12651:Zaydi Shi'ism 12648: 12642: 12639: 12637: 12634: 12632: 12629: 12627: 12624: 12620: 12617: 12616: 12615: 12612: 12610: 12607: 12605: 12602: 12600: 12597: 12595: 12592: 12590: 12587: 12586: 12584: 12582: 12578: 12570: 12567: 12566: 12565: 12562: 12560: 12557: 12555: 12552: 12550: 12547: 12545: 12542: 12540: 12537: 12535: 12532: 12530: 12527: 12525: 12522: 12520: 12517: 12515: 12512: 12508: 12505: 12503: 12500: 12498: 12495: 12493: 12490: 12488: 12485: 12483: 12482:Musa al-Kazim 12480: 12478: 12475: 12473: 12470: 12468: 12467:Ali al-Sajjad 12465: 12463: 12460: 12458: 12457:Hasan ibn Ali 12455: 12453: 12450: 12449: 12448: 12445: 12444: 12442: 12440: 12436: 12428:Post-Salafism 12427: 12426: 12425: 12422: 12418: 12415: 12414: 12413: 12410: 12406: 12403: 12402: 12401: 12398: 12396: 12393: 12389: 12386: 12385: 12384: 12381: 12379: 12376: 12374: 12371: 12367: 12364: 12363: 12362: 12359: 12355: 12352: 12351: 12350: 12347: 12345: 12342: 12340: 12337: 12335: 12332: 12330: 12327: 12325: 12322: 12320: 12317: 12315: 12312: 12308: 12305: 12304: 12303: 12300: 12298: 12295: 12293: 12292:Ibn Taymiyyah 12290: 12289: 12287: 12285: 12281: 12273:Mustadrakīyya 12272: 12269: 12266: 12263: 12262: 12260: 12259: 12257: 12255: 12251: 12244: 12242: 12239: 12237: 12234: 12232: 12231:Amr ibn Ubayd 12229: 12227: 12224: 12220: 12217: 12216: 12215: 12212: 12209: 12206: 12203: 12200: 12197: 12194: 12191: 12188: 12185: 12182: 12179: 12176: 12173: 12172: 12170: 12167: 12162: 12158: 12151: 12147: 12143: 12139: 12135: 12134: 12132: 12130: 12126: 12119: 12115: 12112: 12108: 12105: 12102: 12100: 12097: 12096: 12094: 12090: 12086: 12083: 12079: 12076: 12075: 12073: 12071: 12067: 12056: 12055: 12054: 12051: 12050: 12049: 12046: 12042: 12039: 12038: 12037: 12034: 12033: 12031: 12029: 12025: 12019: 12016: 12014: 12011: 12009: 12006: 12004: 12001: 11999: 11996: 11994: 11991: 11989: 11986: 11984: 11981: 11979: 11976: 11974: 11971: 11969: 11966: 11964: 11961: 11959: 11956: 11954: 11951: 11949: 11946: 11944: 11941: 11939: 11936: 11934: 11931: 11929: 11926: 11924: 11921: 11919: 11916: 11914: 11911: 11909: 11906: 11904: 11901: 11899: 11896: 11894: 11891: 11889: 11886: 11884: 11881: 11879: 11876: 11874: 11871: 11869: 11866: 11864: 11861: 11860: 11858: 11855: 11850: 11846: 11839: 11835: 11832: 11829: 11825: 11822: 11819: 11815: 11812: 11811: 11809: 11807: 11804: 11800: 11794: 11791: 11789: 11786: 11784: 11781: 11779: 11776: 11774: 11771: 11769: 11766: 11764: 11761: 11759: 11756: 11754: 11751: 11749: 11746: 11744: 11741: 11739: 11736: 11734: 11731: 11729: 11726: 11724: 11721: 11719: 11716: 11714: 11711: 11709: 11706: 11704: 11701: 11699: 11696: 11694: 11691: 11689: 11686: 11684: 11681: 11679: 11676: 11674: 11671: 11669: 11666: 11664: 11661: 11659: 11656: 11654: 11651: 11649: 11646: 11644: 11641: 11639: 11636: 11634: 11631: 11629: 11626: 11624: 11621: 11619: 11616: 11614: 11611: 11609: 11606: 11604: 11601: 11599: 11596: 11594: 11591: 11589: 11586: 11584: 11581: 11579: 11576: 11574: 11571: 11569: 11566: 11565: 11563: 11560: 11555: 11551: 11548: 11546: 11542: 11532: 11529: 11527: 11524: 11522: 11519: 11518: 11516: 11514: 11510: 11504: 11501: 11499: 11496: 11494: 11491: 11490: 11488: 11486: 11482: 11476: 11473: 11471: 11468: 11466: 11463: 11461: 11458: 11457: 11455: 11453: 11449: 11443: 11440: 11438: 11435: 11433: 11430: 11429: 11427: 11425: 11421: 11418: 11414: 11410: 11402: 11400: 11397: 11394: 11393: 11389: 11385: 11381: 11374: 11369: 11367: 11362: 11360: 11355: 11354: 11351: 11345: 11342: 11340: 11339: 11334: 11331: 11330: 11319: 11313: 11309: 11304: 11300: 11295: 11291: 11286: 11282: 11280:0-7486-0687-4 11276: 11272: 11267: 11266: 11252: 11251: 11246: 11243:(1984–2011). 11242: 11236: 11228: 11227: 11222: 11219:(1982–2011). 11218: 11212: 11210: 11194: 11188: 11173: 11167: 11151: 11145: 11137: 11133: 11126: 11119: 11115: 11113:9780810868366 11109: 11105: 11098: 11090: 11088:9781593765521 11084: 11080: 11073: 11065: 11063:9781317096733 11059: 11055: 11048: 11041: 11037: 11035:9789004207424 11031: 11027: 11020: 11013: 11009: 11007:9781440861185 11003: 10999: 10992: 10985: 10980: 10978:9781630877187 10974: 10970: 10963: 10956: 10952: 10950:9780253345493 10946: 10942: 10935: 10928: 10924: 10922:9780030525964 10918: 10914: 10907: 10892: 10888: 10887: 10882: 10876: 10869: 10865: 10863:9781135980795 10859: 10855: 10848: 10832: 10828: 10822: 10814: 10810: 10806: 10802: 10798: 10794: 10790: 10786: 10785: 10780: 10773: 10765: 10761: 10757: 10753: 10749: 10745: 10741: 10737: 10733: 10729: 10725: 10721: 10717: 10716: 10711: 10704: 10696: 10694:9780030525964 10690: 10686: 10679: 10672: 10667: 10665:9780691134840 10661: 10657: 10650: 10634: 10630: 10624: 10616: 10609: 10601: 10599:9780521003100 10595: 10591: 10584: 10576: 10569: 10561: 10555: 10551: 10544: 10536: 10530: 10526: 10519: 10512: 10505: 10497: 10495:0-7069-0836-8 10491: 10487: 10480: 10472: 10465: 10457: 10453: 10447: 10439: 10433: 10429: 10422: 10414: 10412:9780520970533 10408: 10404: 10400: 10399: 10391: 10389: 10380: 10378:9781315027746 10374: 10370: 10366: 10362: 10361: 10353: 10345: 10341: 10335: 10327: 10321: 10317: 10310: 10308: 10306: 10304: 10302: 10300: 10298: 10296: 10294: 10292: 10290: 10288: 10286: 10277: 10275:0-7486-0687-4 10271: 10267: 10260: 10258: 10241: 10237: 10231: 10223: 10222:Kitab al-Kafi 10217: 10209: 10202: 10194: 10190: 10186: 10182: 10178: 10174: 10170: 10166: 10162: 10155: 10147: 10145:3-534-03136-9 10141: 10137: 10130: 10114: 10110: 10104: 10102: 10094: 10090: 10084: 10074: 10072: 10070: 10068: 10066: 10057: 10053: 10049: 10045: 10041: 10037: 10030: 10028: 10026: 10024: 10022: 10020: 10018: 10016: 9999: 9995: 9994: 9989: 9982: 9974: 9970: 9964: 9948: 9944: 9938: 9922: 9921: 9916: 9910: 9895: 9889: 9885: 9884: 9876: 9868: 9867: 9862: 9858: 9857:Nāsir Khosrau 9852: 9851:public domain 9838: 9830: 9826: 9820: 9806: 9800: 9796: 9792: 9788: 9787:The Ismā῾īlīs 9784: 9777: 9775: 9766: 9762: 9755: 9748:. p. 84. 9747: 9740: 9738: 9736: 9734: 9725: 9723:0-415-05914-3 9719: 9715: 9708: 9700: 9698:0-7486-0687-4 9694: 9690: 9683: 9668: 9662: 9658: 9657: 9649: 9641: 9635: 9631: 9630: 9622: 9614: 9608: 9604: 9603: 9595: 9587: 9585:81-206-0630-2 9581: 9577: 9576: 9568: 9553: 9547: 9532: 9526: 9510: 9506: 9505:"Qarmatiyyah" 9500: 9492: 9485: 9477: 9470: 9462: 9455: 9448:. p. 26. 9447: 9440: 9432: 9425: 9417: 9415:1-86064-781-2 9411: 9407: 9400: 9392: 9390:0-7486-0687-4 9386: 9382: 9375: 9367: 9365:0-521-42974-9 9361: 9357: 9350: 9348: 9346: 9337: 9333: 9326: 9311: 9305: 9298: 9297: 9292: 9287: 9272: 9266: 9250: 9246: 9240: 9224: 9220: 9214: 9199: 9193: 9178: 9174: 9168: 9149: 9142: 9136: 9126: 9119: 9113: 9106: 9100: 9085: 9079: 9071: 9065: 9061: 9060: 9055: 9049: 9033: 9029: 9023: 9007: 9003: 8997: 8989: 8988:Najul'Balagha 8982: 8974: 8972:9780415341059 8968: 8964: 8963: 8955: 8947: 8945:5-201-13758-X 8941: 8937: 8929: 8925: 8924: 8916: 8908: 8906:0-7486-0687-4 8902: 8898: 8891: 8876: 8872: 8865: 8859: 8855: 8852: 8847: 8845: 8829: 8825: 8819: 8804: 8800: 8794: 8779: 8773: 8765: 8761: 8754: 8739: 8735: 8729: 8722: 8717: 8709: 8703: 8695: 8693:9780807834077 8689: 8685: 8678: 8671: 8667: 8661: 8654: 8649: 8647:9780199862634 8643: 8639: 8632: 8625: 8621: 8619:9780253345493 8615: 8611: 8604: 8596: 8590: 8582: 8576: 8560: 8556: 8550: 8546: 8530: 8527: 8525: 8522: 8520: 8517: 8515: 8514:Nasir Khusraw 8512: 8510: 8507: 8505: 8502: 8500: 8497: 8495: 8492: 8490: 8487: 8485: 8482: 8480: 8477: 8475: 8472: 8470: 8467: 8465: 8462: 8460: 8457: 8455: 8452: 8450: 8447: 8446: 8436: 8396: 8394: 8367: 8366: 8358: 8357: 8356:Patani Bohras 8349: 8348: 8347:Jâ'farî Bohra 8340: 8339: 8318: 8315: 8307: 8305: 8304: 8253: 8249: 8247: 8243: 8241: 8212: 8210: 8185: 8184: 8176: 8175: 8167: 8166: 8156: 8155: 8138: 8135: 8127: 8125: 8117: 8115: 8111: 8109: 8105: 8103: 8102: 8055: 8043: 8041: 8029: 8027: 8012: 8008: 7981: 7980: 7972: 7971: 7963: 7962: 7961:Dawoodi Bohra 7954: 7953: 7932: 7930: 7852: 7848: 7825: 7823: 7817: 7816: 7808: 7806: 7800: 7799: 7791: 7789: 7783: 7782: 7774: 7772: 7766: 7765: 7744: 7741: 7733: 7731: 7730: 7689: 7685: 7683: 7679: 7677: 7658: 7655: 7654: 7617: 7616: 7613: 7601: 7599: 7598: 7590: 7589: 7577: 7576: 7563: 7561: 7481: 7479: 7464: 7463: 7460:Nasir Khusraw 7449: 7448: 7438: 7437: 7423: 7422: 7409: 7406: 7398: 7397: 7358: 7350: 7323: 7320: 7303: 7288: 7270: 7269: 7255: 7254: 7241: 7239: 7169: 7167: 7138: 7137: 7121: 7120: 7108: 7107: 7094: 7092: 7016: 7008: 6977: 6976: 6962: 6950: 6948: 6874: 6872: 6798: 6796: 6773: 6771: 6766: 6765: 6757: 6756: 6744: 6743: 6730: 6728: 6656: 6654: 6619: 6618: 6608: 6607: 6580: 6577: 6573: 6572: 6525: 6521: 6496: 6493: 6491: 6490: 6453: 6452: 6448: 6447:Hamdan Qarmat 6442: 6440: 6438: 6437: 6433: 6408: 6406: 6332: 6330: 6305: 6298: 6296: 6293: 6287: 6286: 6282: 6273: 6268: 6267: 6264: 6239: 6237: 6163: 6159: 6134: 6126: 6121: 6120: 6111: 6106: 6105: 6102: 6077: 6075: 6003: 6001: 5976: 5969: 5968: 5935: 5932: 5924: 5922: 5921: 5884: 5880: 5878: 5874: 5872: 5841: 5838: 5807: 5774: 5739: 5733: 5726: 5692: 5690: 5665: 5664: 5659: 5657: 5623: 5621: 5590: 5589: 5588:Shia doctrine 5585: 5580: 5578: 5544: 5542: 5515: 5514: 5509: 5507: 5473: 5471: 5452: 5451: 5446: 5444: 5416: 5414: 5395: 5394: 5390: 5385: 5383: 5349: 5347: 5328: 5327: 5323: 5318: 5316: 5282: 5280: 5261: 5260: 5256: 5251: 5249: 5215: 5213: 5194: 5190: 5188: 5154: 5152: 5133: 5129: 5127: 5095: 5087: 5085: 5081: 5077: 5067: 5065: 5061: 5056: 5054: 5049: 5047: 5043: 5039: 5035: 5031: 5023: 5022: 5017: 5014: 5010: 5006: 5003: 4999: 4998: 4997: 4995: 4991: 4990:Amman Message 4981: 4979: 4975: 4971: 4967: 4963: 4959: 4953: 4943: 4941: 4937: 4933: 4929: 4925: 4921: 4915: 4905: 4903: 4899: 4895: 4891: 4887: 4883: 4882: 4877: 4873: 4869: 4865: 4859: 4844: 4839: 4835: 4825: 4823: 4819: 4815: 4811: 4810:Ibn Taymiyyah 4807: 4803: 4799: 4795: 4790: 4788: 4787:God incarnate 4784: 4780: 4776: 4772: 4765: 4755: 4753: 4743: 4741: 4737: 4733: 4729: 4723: 4713: 4709: 4699: 4697: 4696:Dawoodi Bohra 4693: 4689: 4688:dai al-mutlaq 4685: 4681: 4677: 4672: 4670: 4664: 4661: 4657: 4653: 4649: 4643: 4633: 4631: 4627: 4623: 4619: 4615: 4611: 4610:United States 4606: 4604: 4600: 4596: 4592: 4588: 4584: 4580: 4575: 4573: 4570:. Beside the 4569: 4565: 4561: 4558:in northwest 4557: 4552: 4550: 4546: 4542: 4538: 4534: 4528: 4518: 4516: 4512: 4508: 4504: 4499: 4497: 4493: 4489: 4485: 4484:Dawoodi Bohra 4481: 4477: 4473: 4468: 4464: 4461: 4457: 4453: 4449: 4443: 4441: 4437: 4436:North America 4433: 4429: 4425: 4421: 4417: 4413: 4408: 4406: 4402: 4398: 4394: 4389: 4385: 4381: 4377: 4372: 4366: 4360: 4353: 4348: 4347:Dawoodi Bohra 4341:Dawoodi Bohra 4338: 4336: 4331: 4326: 4324: 4320: 4316: 4312: 4308: 4304: 4298: 4288: 4286: 4282: 4278: 4274: 4271: 4265: 4263: 4260: 4256: 4252: 4247: 4243: 4233: 4229: 4228: 4224: 4215: 4211: 4209: 4205: 4201: 4197: 4196: 4192: 4184: 4170: 4168: 4164: 4163:Qajar dynasty 4160: 4156: 4152: 4146: 4133: 4128: 4119: 4117: 4113: 4109: 4105: 4104: 4093: 4091: 4086: 4084: 4080: 4076: 4072: 4068: 4058: 4056: 4051: 4049: 4044: 4040: 4039: 4033: 4031: 4026: 4025: 4020: 4018: 4017: 4012: 4006: 3991: 3989: 3985: 3980: 3976: 3974: 3968: 3958: 3957: 3951: 3950:Batin (Islam) 3941: 3939: 3935: 3934: 3929: 3928: 3922: 3921: 3915: 3914:Zahir (Islam) 3905: 3903: 3899: 3896: 3889: 3882:Pir and Dawah 3879: 3877: 3873: 3869: 3865: 3861: 3855: 3853: 3848: 3846: 3841: 3837: 3833: 3823: 3818: 3808: 3806: 3803: 3799: 3795: 3794:Nasir Khusraw 3787: 3783: 3779: 3775: 3771: 3765: 3755: 3753: 3749: 3745: 3741: 3737: 3732: 3730: 3726: 3722: 3718: 3714: 3710: 3706: 3702: 3698: 3692: 3690: 3686: 3682: 3678: 3674: 3673:Nasir Khusraw 3670: 3666: 3662: 3657: 3655: 3651: 3647: 3641: 3639: 3635: 3631: 3627: 3626:Nasir Khusraw 3623: 3618: 3616: 3611: 3607: 3603: 3599: 3594: 3592: 3587: 3585: 3581: 3577: 3576: 3571: 3567: 3563: 3559: 3555: 3551: 3547: 3543: 3539: 3535: 3531: 3527: 3519: 3518: 3513: 3512: 3506: 3501: 3490: 3487: 3480: 3478: 3474: 3470: 3466: 3462: 3458: 3457: 3452: 3448: 3444: 3440: 3436: 3428: 3418: 3416: 3411: 3407: 3403: 3399: 3395: 3391: 3381: 3378: 3374: 3370: 3366: 3361: 3358: 3357:reincarnation 3354: 3350: 3345: 3343: 3342:Nasir Khusraw 3339: 3335: 3331: 3327: 3323: 3319: 3315: 3311: 3307: 3303: 3299: 3295: 3291: 3286: 3283: 3280: 3276: 3272: 3268: 3263: 3261: 3257: 3246: 3244: 3240: 3236: 3232: 3226: 3216: 3213: 3211: 3207: 3206:Rashid al-Din 3203: 3199: 3195: 3194:Alamut Castle 3191: 3187: 3183: 3178: 3171: 3166: 3161: 3151: 3149: 3145: 3141: 3137: 3132: 3127: 3117: 3115: 3111: 3106: 3104: 3100: 3095: 3092: 3089: 3085: 3080: 3078: 3071: 3070:Alamut Castle 3067: 3056: 3046: 3044: 3040: 3036: 3032: 3027: 3025: 3021: 3017: 3013: 3012:Seljuk Empire 3009: 3008:First Crusade 3005: 3001: 2997: 2993: 2989: 2985: 2984:Zirid dynasty 2975: 2973: 2969: 2965: 2961: 2957: 2956:Dawoodi Bohra 2953: 2949: 2943: 2941: 2936: 2934: 2930: 2929:Dawoodi Bohra 2926: 2922: 2918: 2914: 2910: 2906: 2903:According to 2901: 2899: 2894: 2888: 2882:الداعي المطلق 2879: 2875: 2870: 2867: 2863: 2859: 2854: 2852: 2848: 2844: 2840: 2836: 2832: 2827: 2825: 2821: 2817: 2813: 2809: 2805: 2803: 2799: 2794: 2791: 2789: 2785: 2781: 2777: 2773: 2769: 2765: 2761: 2757: 2753: 2749: 2745: 2741: 2732: 2723: 2721: 2718: 2714: 2710: 2706: 2702: 2698: 2693: 2690: 2685: 2680: 2667: 2666:Ismāʿīlī Imām 2663: 2659: 2655: 2650: 2640: 2638: 2634: 2630: 2626: 2623:in 930 under 2622: 2618: 2614: 2610: 2606: 2602: 2596: 2586: 2583: 2579: 2578: 2572: 2570: 2564: 2562: 2557: 2552: 2550: 2546: 2542: 2538: 2532: 2522: 2519: 2515: 2510: 2508: 2504: 2499: 2497: 2496: 2491: 2486: 2484: 2480: 2476: 2475:Zayd ibn ʻAlī 2472: 2468: 2467:Zayd ibn ʻAlī 2464: 2460: 2455: 2453: 2449: 2445: 2441: 2435: 2422: 2418: 2414: 2412: 2408: 2407:Jama'at Khana 2402: 2400: 2396: 2392: 2387: 2385: 2381: 2377: 2373: 2367: 2352: 2349: 2343: 2337: 2331: 2325: 2319: 2313: 2312: 2305: 2299: 2293: 2290: 2283: 2279: 2276: 2270: 2261: 2256: 2250: 2241: 2237: 2233: 2227: 2224: 2219: 2217: 2213: 2209: 2204: 2202: 2197: 2192: 2188: 2183: 2181: 2177: 2172: 2170: 2166: 2162: 2155: 2144: 2140: 2136: 2132: 2128: 2118: 2116: 2112: 2111:United States 2108: 2104: 2100: 2096: 2092: 2088: 2084: 2080: 2076: 2072: 2068: 2064: 2060: 2056: 2052: 2048: 2044: 2040: 2036: 2032: 2028: 2024: 2020: 2016: 2012: 2008: 2003: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1989: 1985: 1980: 1978: 1974: 1970: 1966: 1962: 1958: 1954: 1950: 1946: 1942: 1938: 1934: 1929: 1928: 1922: 1918: 1913: 1912: 1906: 1901: 1899: 1895: 1892:, who accept 1891: 1887: 1883: 1879: 1873: 1837: 1832: 1826: 1817: 1813: 1802: 1797: 1795: 1790: 1788: 1783: 1782: 1780: 1779: 1776: 1771: 1766: 1765: 1758: 1755: 1753: 1750: 1748: 1745: 1743: 1740: 1738: 1735: 1733: 1730: 1728: 1725: 1723: 1720: 1718: 1715: 1713: 1710: 1708: 1705: 1703: 1700: 1698: 1695: 1693: 1690: 1688: 1685: 1683: 1680: 1678: 1675: 1674: 1668: 1667: 1660: 1657: 1655: 1652: 1650: 1647: 1645: 1642: 1640: 1637: 1636: 1633: 1628: 1627: 1620: 1617: 1613: 1610: 1608: 1605: 1601: 1598: 1597: 1596: 1593: 1591: 1588: 1586: 1583: 1582: 1581: 1578: 1572: 1569: 1567: 1564: 1563: 1562: 1559: 1555: 1552: 1548: 1545: 1543: 1540: 1538: 1535: 1533: 1530: 1528: 1525: 1521: 1518: 1517: 1516: 1515:Dawoodi Bohra 1513: 1512: 1511: 1508: 1507: 1506: 1503: 1502: 1501: 1498: 1494: 1491: 1490: 1489: 1486: 1482: 1479: 1477: 1474: 1472: 1469: 1468: 1467: 1464: 1463: 1460: 1455: 1454: 1447: 1444: 1442: 1439: 1437: 1434: 1432: 1429: 1427: 1424: 1422: 1419: 1417: 1414: 1412: 1409: 1407: 1404: 1402: 1399: 1398: 1395: 1390: 1389: 1382: 1379: 1377: 1374: 1372: 1371:Eid al-Ghadir 1369: 1367: 1364: 1362: 1359: 1357: 1354: 1352: 1349: 1347: 1344: 1343: 1340: 1335: 1334: 1327: 1324: 1322: 1319: 1317: 1314: 1312: 1309: 1307: 1304: 1302: 1299: 1297: 1294: 1290: 1287: 1285: 1282: 1280: 1277: 1276: 1275: 1272: 1270: 1267: 1265: 1262: 1260: 1257: 1255: 1252: 1251: 1245: 1244: 1240: 1236: 1235: 1231: 1223: 1217: 1216: 1206: 1201: 1199: 1194: 1192: 1187: 1186: 1184: 1183: 1180: 1170: 1169: 1159: 1155: 1152: 1150: 1146: 1145:Dawoodi Bohra 1143: 1141: 1137: 1134: 1133: 1131: 1128: 1124: 1121: 1119: 1115: 1112: 1109: 1108: 1101: 1100: 1093: 1089: 1086: 1084: 1081: 1079: 1075: 1072: 1070: 1067: 1065: 1062: 1060: 1057: 1055: 1052: 1050: 1047: 1045: 1042: 1040: 1037: 1035: 1032: 1030: 1029: 1024: 1022: 1021: 1016: 1014: 1013: 1008: 1006: 1003: 1001: 998: 996: 993: 991: 988: 986: 983: 981: 978: 976: 973: 971: 968: 967: 964: 958: 957: 950: 947: 945: 942: 940: 936: 933: 929: 926: 924: 923:Jama'at Khana 921: 919: 916: 914: 911: 909: 906: 904: 901: 900: 899: 896: 894: 891: 889: 886: 885: 884: 883: 877: 874: 870: 867: 865: 862: 860: 857: 855: 852: 850: 847: 845: 842: 840: 837: 836: 835: 832: 830: 827: 825: 822: 821: 820: 819: 813: 810: 808: 805: 803: 800: 798: 795: 793: 790: 788: 785: 783: 780: 778: 775: 773: 770: 768: 765: 763: 760: 758: 757:Nasir Khusraw 755: 753: 750: 748: 745: 743: 740: 738: 735: 733: 730: 728: 725: 723: 720: 718: 715: 713: 710: 708: 705: 703: 700: 698: 697:Hamdan Qarmat 695: 694: 693: 692: 686: 683: 681: 678: 676: 673: 671: 668: 666: 663: 661: 658: 656: 652: 649: 648: 647: 646: 637: 634: 632: 629: 627: 624: 622: 619: 618: 617: 616: 612: 608: 607: 606: 601: 597: 594: 592: 589: 587: 584: 580: 579: 575: 573: 572: 568: 567: 566: 563: 561: 558: 554: 553: 549: 548: 547: 546:Dawoodi Bohra 544: 543: 542: 541: 540: 535: 534: 533: 532: 528: 527: 525: 520: 516: 511: 510: 503: 500: 498: 495: 493: 490: 488: 485: 483: 480: 478: 475: 474: 471: 470:Seven Pillars 466: 465: 458: 455: 453: 452:Reincarnation 450: 448: 445: 443: 440: 438: 435: 433: 430: 428: 425: 421: 418: 416: 413: 411: 408: 407: 406: 403: 401: 398: 396: 393: 391: 388: 386: 383: 381: 378: 376: 373: 371: 368: 366: 363: 361: 358: 357: 351: 350: 346: 342: 341: 337: 330: 326: 320: 319: 308: 304: 301: 298: 294: 291: 287: 284: 280: 276: 272: 268: 265: 262: 256: 253: 249: 245: 242: 240: 236: 233: 230: 226: 223: 220: 218: 214: 211: 208: 204: 200: 196: 190: 185: 181: 176: 168: 162: 157: 154: 146: 143: 135: 124: 121: 117: 114: 110: 107: 103: 100: 96: 93: – 92: 88: 87:Find sources: 81: 77: 71: 70: 65:This article 63: 59: 54: 53: 48: 44: 37: 33: 19: 16279:Islamophobia 16154:Christianity 16102: 16035:Contemporary 15929:Architecture 15868: 15834: 15822: 15810: 15768: 15761: 15727: 15709: 15704:Nikah mut'ah 15702: 15695: 15688: 15681: 15674: 15667: 15631: 15619: 15612: 15605: 15598: 15578: 15571: 15564: 15557: 15470: 15315: 15251: 15175: 15157: 15150: 15094: 15087: 15080: 15073: 15066: 15059:Five Pillars 15036: 15002: 14991:God in Islam 14968: 14815:Other orders 14720: / 14713:Nur movement 14684: / 14641:Mirza Ghulam 14572:Tolu-e-Islam 14441:Galibi Order 14439: / 14424:Balım Sultan 14419:Babai revolt 14410:Qalandariyya 14408: / 14310:Mufaḍḍaliyya 14219:Jawārībīyya 14172:Umar ibn Zar 14141:Other Murjīs 13870:Bayhasīyyah 13787:Nuqta-yi Ula 13603:Pir Sadardin 13596: / 13510: / 13506: / 13465: 13423: / 13415: / 13402: / 13382: / 13378: / 13374: / 13231:Zayd ibn Ali 13181: / 13168: / 13119:Ilm al-Kalam 13032: / 13025:Ahl-i Hadith 12893:Umm al-kitab 12891: 12880: 12869: 12862: 12844: 12839: 12832: 12825: 12818: 12811: 12791: 12784: 12779:Fihi Ma Fihi 12777: 12770: 12763: 12756: 12749: 12742: 12735: 12728: 12721: 12714: 12707: 12580: 12447:Twelve Imams 12366:Ahl-i Hadith 12297:Ibnul Qayyim 12177:(Nazzāmīyya) 11658:Ibn al-Jawzi 11598:Al-Taftazani 11573:Al-Baqillani 11336: 11333:"Ismaʿilism" 11310:. ABC-Clio. 11307: 11298: 11289: 11270: 11248: 11235: 11224: 11196:. Retrieved 11187: 11175:. Retrieved 11166: 11154:. Retrieved 11144: 11131: 11125: 11117: 11103: 11097: 11078: 11072: 11053: 11047: 11039: 11025: 11019: 11011: 10997: 10991: 10982: 10968: 10962: 10954: 10940: 10934: 10926: 10912: 10906: 10894:. Retrieved 10885: 10875: 10867: 10853: 10847: 10835:. Retrieved 10831:Arab America 10830: 10821: 10788: 10782: 10772: 10719: 10713: 10709: 10703: 10684: 10678: 10669: 10655: 10649: 10637:. Retrieved 10633:the original 10623: 10614: 10608: 10589: 10583: 10574: 10568: 10549: 10543: 10524: 10518: 10510: 10504: 10485: 10479: 10470: 10464: 10455: 10446: 10427: 10421: 10397: 10359: 10352: 10343: 10334: 10315: 10265: 10244:. Retrieved 10240:the original 10230: 10221: 10216: 10201: 10168: 10164: 10154: 10135: 10129: 10117:. Retrieved 10113:the original 10109:"Ismaʻilism" 10092: 10088: 10083: 10039: 10002:. Retrieved 9998:the original 9991: 9981: 9968: 9963: 9951:. 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Retrieved 8802: 8793: 8781:. Retrieved 8772: 8763: 8753: 8741:. Retrieved 8737: 8728: 8716: 8702: 8683: 8677: 8669: 8660: 8651: 8637: 8631: 8623: 8609: 8603: 8589: 8575: 8565:15 September 8563:. Retrieved 8559:the original 8549: 8363: 8354: 8345: 8336: 8181: 8172: 8163: 8152: 7977: 7968: 7959: 7950: 7819: 7813: 7802: 7796: 7785: 7779: 7768: 7762: 7610: 7595: 7586: 7573: 7462:al-Qubadiani 7458: 7443: 7432: 7419: 7264: 7252: 7134: 7118: 7105: 6971: 6767: 6762: 6753: 6740: 6614: 6602: 6445: 6435: 6431: 6289: 6279: 6265: 6262: 6133:Ali al-Ridha 6118: 6103: 6100: 5966: 5662: 5582: 5512: 5449: 5387: 5320: 5253: 5073: 5063: 5057: 5050: 5045: 5041: 5029: 5027: 5019: 5012: 4987: 4957: 4955: 4917: 4879: 4875: 4871: 4861: 4841: 4791: 4767: 4749: 4725: 4722:Atba-i-Malak 4716:Atba-i-Malak 4711: 4687: 4676:Alavi Bohras 4673: 4665: 4648:missionaries 4647: 4645: 4607: 4598: 4576: 4568:Saudi Arabia 4553: 4530: 4500: 4469: 4465: 4451: 4447: 4444: 4409: 4373: 4361: 4358: 4334: 4327: 4300: 4266: 4239: 4230: 4226: 4225: 4221: 4212: 4207: 4206: 4202: 4198: 4194: 4193: 4190: 4181: 4148: 4115: 4111: 4107: 4101: 4099: 4087: 4082: 4078: 4074: 4066: 4064: 4052: 4036: 4034: 4022: 4021: 4014: 4010: 4008: 3987: 3983: 3981: 3977: 3970: 3955: 3953: 3931: 3925: 3923: 3919: 3917: 3891: 3859: 3856: 3851: 3849: 3844: 3842: 3839: 3820: 3767: 3751: 3747: 3744:hermeneutics 3739: 3735: 3733: 3728: 3724: 3720: 3716: 3700: 3693: 3688: 3684: 3680: 3676: 3668: 3664: 3661:hermeneutics 3658: 3653: 3649: 3645: 3644:dimension" ( 3642: 3637: 3619: 3614: 3595: 3588: 3583: 3574: 3565: 3561: 3557: 3541: 3537: 3533: 3525: 3523: 3515: 3509: 3482: 3454: 3443:their hidden 3432: 3409: 3405: 3401: 3393: 3389: 3387: 3362: 3346: 3287: 3264: 3252: 3239:Genghis Khan 3228: 3214: 3189: 3179: 3175: 3139: 3135: 3133: 3129: 3107: 3096: 3093: 3081: 3073: 3028: 2981: 2964:Atba-i-Malak 2944: 2937: 2902: 2873: 2871: 2855: 2849:, where the 2828: 2806: 2795: 2792: 2784:Indian Ocean 2748:North Africa 2737: 2694: 2686: 2682: 2598: 2575: 2573: 2565: 2553: 2534: 2511: 2500: 2495:Umm al-kitab 2493: 2487: 2473:who claimed 2456: 2437: 2403: 2388: 2369: 2294: 2284: 2280: 2228: 2220: 2205: 2184: 2173: 2163:, cousin of 2157: 2087:South Africa 2059:Saudi Arabia 2023:Central Asia 2004: 2000:Neoplatonism 1981: 1902: 1890:Twelver Shia 1811: 1810: 1702:Umm al-Banin 1499: 1431:Second Fitna 1311:Intercession 1301:Judgment Day 1027: 1019: 1011: 1010:ʿAbad Allāh 903:Constitution 881: 880: 817: 816: 792:Pir Sadardin 752:al-Naysaburi 737:al-Sijistani 690: 689: 644: 643: 613: 603: 602: 576: 569: 550: 537: 536: 529: 523: 335: 165: 153: 138: 129: 119: 112: 105: 98: 91:"Isma'ilism" 86: 74:Please help 69:verification 66: 16054:Other areas 16045:Theological 16040:Eschatology 15997:Mathematics 15934:Calligraphy 15864:Theological 15818:Inheritance 15735:Cleanliness 15165:Shi'a Imams 15159:Ahl al-Bayt 14766:Rashid Rida 14614:Independent 14599:Edip Yüksel 14562:Ahle Qur'an 14513:Nazzāmīyya 14510:Ikhshīdiyya 14497:Huzaylīyya 14488:Bahshamiyya 14464:Mā’marīyya 14456:Rationalism 14406:Malamatiyya 14326:Mānsūrīyya 14272:Khaṭṭābiyya 14203:Mu'shabbiha 14163:Sābit Kutna 14096:Sawbānīyya 14080:Gassānīyya 14064:Gaylānīyya 14058:Other sects 13853:Sa'labīyyah 13850:Maymunīyyah 13827:Arbitration 13709:Khurramites 13673:Sam‘ānīyya 13446:Bābā Rexheb 13376:Shah Ismail 13196:Millî Görüş 13114:Ahl ar-Ra'y 13056:Al-Uthaymin 12977:Kullabiyya 12955:Sunni Islam 12856:Independent 12700:Sunni books 12524:Shaykh Tusi 12497:Ali al-Hadi 12487:Ali al-Rida 12424:Yasir Qadhi 12329:Al-Uthaymin 12319:Rashid Rida 12314:Al-Shawkani 12210:(Jāhizīyya) 12195:(Jubbāīyya) 12099:Jawālikīyya 11953:Ali al-Qari 11868:Al-Sarakhsi 11854:Al-Maturidi 11728:Al-Sha'rani 11708:Ibn Khaldun 11583:Al-Qushayri 11545:Theologians 11526:Metaphysics 11432:Eschatology 11399:Theologians 11241:Halm, Heinz 11217:Halm, Heinz 11156:26 December 10881:James Lewis 10639:26 December 10344:the.Ismaili 10091:(p. 6). In 9953:9 September 9810:25 February 9767:(7): 20–23. 9761:Transaction 9536:17 December 8851:Aga Khan IV 8338:Alavi Bohra 8174:Sunni Bohra 6961:Divine call 4970:Occultation 4642:Alavi Bohra 4636:Alavi Bohra 4556:Jabal Haraz 4428:East Africa 4424:Middle East 4380:consultants 4319:Alavi Bohra 3876:the Qiyamah 3526:kalam Allah 3334:Afghanistan 3306:Afghanistan 3235:Hulagu Khan 2992:Sunni Islam 2960:Alavi Bohra 2839:al-Musta'li 2613:Black Stone 2567:develop in 2393:as well as 2107:New Zealand 2075:East Africa 2027:Afghanistan 2011:Aga Khan IV 1820:الإسماعيلية 1632:Ahl al-Kisa 1547:Qutbi Bohra 1542:Alavi Bohra 1520:Progressive 1446:Persecution 1426:First Fitna 1381:Omar Koshan 1366:Eid al-Adha 1361:Eid al-Fitr 1264:Prophethood 1154:Qutbi Bohra 1136:Alavi Bohra 1118:Aga Khan IV 596:Qutbi Bohra 591:Alavi Bohra 552:Progressive 296:Separations 290:Middle East 286:9th century 244:Aga Khan IV 171:الإسماعيلية 16379:Categories 16209:Ex-Muslims 16104:Shu'ubiyya 16098:Psychology 16086:Literature 16076:Inventions 16022:Philosophy 15830:Leadership 15806:Honorifics 15461:Philosophy 15316:Isma'ilism 15281:Maturidism 15170:Caliphates 15141:Golden Age 15032:Revelation 14810:Süleymancı 14718:Said Nursî 14677:Mahdavīyya 14628:Messianism 14532:Sumamīyya 14522:Hābītīyya 14415:Baba Ishak 14357:Saba'īyya 14344:Mukhāmmīsa 14335:Mughīrīyya 14322:Ghurābīyya 14284:Bāzīghiyya 14252:Bārāq Bābā 14231:Hulmānīyya 14128:Ziyādīyya 14120:Ubaydīyya 14112:Shamrīyya 14104:Sālehīyya 14088:Tūmanīyya 14072:Yūnusīyya 14033:Sauwāqīyya 14009:Hakāiqīyya 13993:Karrāmīyya 13983:Hanafiyyah 13837:Kharijites 13775:Nuktawiyya 13726:al-Muqanna 13704:Muḥammirah 13692:Abu Muslim 13688:Rezāmīyya 13663:Hārithīyya 13655:Janāhiyya 13645:Hashimiyya 13619:Kaysanites 13566:Badakhshan 13499:Qarmatians 13486:Batiniyyah 13466:Isma'ilism 13437:Demir Bābā 13432:Baktāshism 13425:Bektashism 13404:ibn Nusayr 13400:al-Khaṣībī 13384:Kul Nesîmî 13380:Pir Sultan 13285:Khalafiyya 13280:Dukayniyya 13214:Shia Islam 13156:Maturidism 13078:Madkhalism 12981:Ibn Kullab 12804:Shia books 12354:Madkhalism 12254:Najjārīyya 12144:al-Qībtī ( 12118:Karramiyya 12114:Ibn Karram 12070:Mu'jassimā 11958:Al-Maydani 11948:Ali Qushji 11873:Al-Bazdawi 11849:Maturidism 11834:Al-Shafi'i 11703:Al-Baydawi 11663:Qadi Ayyad 11638:Ibn Tumart 11593:Al-Ghazali 11578:Al-Juwayni 11568:Al-Bayhaqi 11559:al-Ash'ari 11531:Philosophy 11452:Philosophy 10486:The Bohras 10246:5 December 9927:23 January 9666:0521429749 9602:The Bohras 9223:Al-Monitor 9002:"Imam Ali" 8536:References 8454:Böszörmény 7253:Al-Muqtana 6764:Qarmatians 6742:Gnosticism 6295:Ismailiyya 6281:Ismailiyya 5322:Imâm Hasan 4978:Qarmatians 4868:Böszörmény 4858:Böszörmény 4852:Böszörmény 3811:Numerology 3805:Burushaskī 3498:See also: 3465:one source 3449:and their 3396:-scholar, 3338:Tajikistan 3330:Badakhshan 3302:Tajikistan 3298:Uzbekistan 3282:rump state 3144:Hashasheen 2996:Banu Hilal 2952:South Asia 2898:missionary 2720:blacksmith 2595:Qarmatians 2208:Mu'awiya I 2083:Bangladesh 1836:Shia Islam 1812:Isma'ilism 1687:Umm Salama 1671:Holy women 1259:Holy Books 1254:Monotheism 1230:Shia Islam 908:Delegation 864:Maymun-Diz 747:al-Shirazi 742:al-Kirmani 727:Qadi Numan 626:Qarmatians 515:Musta'lism 502:Pilgrimage 442:Numerology 336:Isma'ilism 246:; current 210:Shia Islam 199:Tajikistan 179:اسماعیلیان 159:Isma'ilism 102:newspapers 16385:Ismailism 16326:Symbolism 16284:Incidents 16262:Criticism 16159:Mormonism 16061:Astrology 15987:Cosmology 15982:Astronomy 15924:Arabesque 15791:Etiquette 15750:Blasphemy 15540:Economics 15355:Ahmadiyya 15289:Mu'tazili 15277:Ash'arism 14738:Modernism 14670:Sabbatean 14658:Kabbalist 14636:Ahmadiyya 14567:Kala Kato 14540:Kā‘bīyya 14471:Bishriyya 14451:Muʿtazila 14384:al-Juhani 14377:Qadariyah 14247:Kalandars 14227:Hāshwīyya 14115:Abū Shamr 14048:Zarībīyya 14045:Wāhidīyya 14036:Sūramīyya 14030:Razīnīyya 14006:Dhīmmīyya 13975:Hasan ibn 13949:Wahbiyyah 13896:Abu Qurra 13822:Muhakkima 13766:Hurufiyya 13753:Mahdiists 13668:Riyāhīyya 13649:Hārbīyya 13590:Aga Khans 13585:Assassins 13548:Sulaymani 13512:ad-Darazi 13450:Hārābātīs 13367:Qizilbash 13360:Shaykhism 13236:Jarudiyya 13147:Al-Ahbash 13128:Ash'arism 13061:Al-Albani 13041:Wahhabism 12886:Ahmadiyya 12827:Al-Khisal 12737:Al-Irshad 12692:Key books 12339:Al-Albani 12307:Wahhabism 12161:Mu'tazila 12150:Qadariyah 12028:Mu'attila 11943:Ibn Kemal 11938:Khidr Bey 11818:Hanafiyah 11753:Al-Bahūtī 11748:Ibn Ashir 11713:Ibn Arafa 11608:Ibn Furak 11603:Al-Maziri 11554:Ash'arism 11521:Cosmology 11498:Cosmology 11493:Astronomy 11465:Education 10813:162363556 10805:1613-0928 10784:Der Islam 10740:0003-0279 10193:170748666 10185:0021-0862 10136:Die Schia 10056:238691055 10004:15 August 9291:S.H. Nasr 8653:Muslims.. 8541:Citations 7970:Assassins 7822:Aga Khans 6292:Batiniyya 5259:Abi Talib 5193:Abi Talib 5084:Kaysanite 4922:) of the 4872:Izmaelita 4818:mushrikin 4692:at-Taiyeb 4656:Ahmedabad 4622:Australia 4583:Hyderabad 4533:Sulaymani 4527:Sulaymani 4521:Sulaymani 4384:religious 4323:Sulaymani 4291:Musta'ali 4281:Badakshan 4169:in 1848. 4041:) during 3973:Intellect 3898:Ismailism 3602:Mu'tazila 3546:Seraphiel 3473:one world 3469:one cause 3451:concealed 3249:Aftermath 3172:besieged. 3136:assassins 3024:Assassins 2948:Sulaymani 2887:romanized 2826:, India. 2824:Rajasthan 2812:Abadullah 2756:Palestine 2703:assigned 2689:Aghlabids 2631:from the 2615:from the 2434:Zaidiyyah 2269:romanized 2249:romanized 2103:Australia 1921:Akhbarism 1898:true Imām 1825:romanized 1722:Shahrbanu 1607:Qizilbash 1044:al-Manṣūr 985:al-Sajjad 918:Holy Du'a 797:Aga Khans 732:al-Nasafi 653:state of 651:Qarmatian 631:Assassins 365:Batiniyya 260:and sects 217:Scripture 18:Ismailism 16364:Category 16257:Islamism 16240:Muhammad 16196:Apostasy 16171:Hinduism 16071:Feminism 16002:Medicine 15842:Military 15796:Gambling 15745:Apostasy 15740:Criminal 15652:Marriage 15621:Tayammum 15573:Murabaha 15446:Madrasas 15436:Holidays 15426:Clothing 15421:Children 15416:Calendar 15367:Quranism 15321:Alawites 15285:Atharism 15176:Rashidun 15015:In Islam 15010:Muhammad 14855:Tawakkul 14822:Tawassul 14784:Taṣawwuf 14706:doctrine 14554:Quranism 14348:Namiriya 13977:Muḥāmmad 13970:Murji'ah 13684:Rawendis 13607:Satpanth 13528:Musta'li 13523:Fatimids 13421:Hurufism 13408:Alawites 13313:Sects in 13305:Mahdiist 13241:Batriyya 13187:Deobandi 13138:Shafi'is 13073:Jihadism 13020:Salafism 12988:Hanbalis 12969:Atharism 12882:Malfūzāt 12820:Al-Amali 12417:Hazimism 12129:Murji'ah 12053:Jahmīyya 12041:Mu'jbira 11633:Ibn Aqil 10984:Yazidis. 10883:(2002). 10837:13 April 10764:47785421 10756:12032032 10119:24 April 9917:(1875). 9557:24 April 9515:24 April 9315:24 April 9293:(2006), 9276:24 April 9203:24 April 9157:10 April 9089:24 April 9056:(2007). 9038:24 April 9012:24 April 8880:20 March 8854:Archived 8783:25 April 8743:29 March 8529:Satpanth 8449:Banu Yam 8442:See also 8365:Satpanth 7771:Al-Hafiz 7588:Musta'li 7136:Twelvers 6755:Fatimids 5255:Imâm Ali 5076:Twelvers 5053:Aga Khan 5042:madhāhib 4962:Seveners 4958:Sab'īyah 4946:Seveners 4936:Al-Hafiz 4834:Satpanth 4828:Satpanth 4660:Vadodara 4628:and the 4618:Thailand 4579:Vadodara 4572:Banu Yam 4541:Pakistan 4515:Gujarati 4440:Far East 4438:and the 4420:diaspora 4416:Pakistan 4330:Mustaali 4297:Mustaali 4251:Aga Khan 4122:Branches 4083:ma'salla 4048:New Moon 3872:paradise 3866:and the 3717:muʾayyad 3697:Muhammad 3634:Muhammad 3610:Maturidi 3570:Muhammad 3558:Jibra'il 3530:prophets 3477:one soul 3447:manifest 3445:, their 3377:Pakistan 3326:Aga Khan 3310:Pakistan 3279:Zurayids 3267:Musta'li 3260:Pakistan 3200:. Given 3168:View of 3140:Hasaseen 2860:and the 2822:to East 2782:and the 2774:and the 2561:Da'iyyun 2545:Mustaali 2507:madhhabs 2421:Ambigram 2395:Musta'li 2391:Twelvers 2384:Muharram 2298:'sunnah' 2223:Khawarij 2191:Umayyads 2165:Muhammad 2047:Malaysia 2035:Pakistan 1996:Muhammad 1979:to God. 1949:mystical 1937:Bektashi 1639:Muhammad 1595:Bektashi 1571:Satpanth 1505:Musta'li 1500:Isma'ili 1411:Mubahala 1351:Arba'een 1222:a series 1220:Part of 1039:al-Qāʾim 990:al-Baqir 844:Atashgah 636:Satpanth 621:Seveners 531:Musta'li 519:Nizarism 447:Theology 354:Concepts 325:a series 323:Part of 258:Branches 228:Theology 195:Dushanbe 132:May 2022 43:Ismaïlia 16311:Nursing 16272:Qutbism 16186:Sikhism 16181:Judaism 16176:Jainism 16012:Physics 15959:Pottery 15944:Gardens 15939:Carpets 15854:Slavery 15776:Divorce 15763:Dhabiĥa 15591:Hygiene 15566:Takaful 15548:Banking 15478:Science 15472:Qurbani 15441:Mosques 15401:Animals 15390:Culture 15338:Zaydism 15326:Alevism 15212:Ottoman 15202:Almohad 15197:Fatimid 15192:Córdoba 15187:Abbasid 15182:Umayyad 15115:Leaders 15110:History 15068:Shahada 14983:Beliefs 14904:Shafi'i 14894:Hanbali 14860:Tewafuq 14840:Sadaqah 14801:Barelvi 14792:Ṭarīqah 14646:Qadiani 14619:beliefs 14394:Alevism 14241:Dimashq 14027:Nūnīyya 14021:Maʿīyya 13981:ibn al- 13956:Azzabas 13917:Ibadism 13905:Nukkari 13859:Azariqa 13844:Ajardi 13791:Bábīyya 13697:Sunpadh 13629:Mukhtār 13594:Nizaris 13569:Alevism 13543:Dawoodi 13533:Tayyibi 13495:Sevener 13474:Fathite 13348:Akhbari 13343:Ja'fari 13330:Twelver 13309:Shi'ite 13246:Imamate 13223:Zaydism 13174:Barelvi 13161:Hanafis 13133:Malikis 13102:Maqrizi 13051:Ibn Baz 13010:Zahiris 12772:Masnavi 12324:Ibn Baz 12138:Dimashq 11838:Shafi‘i 11768:'Illish 11503:Physics 11485:Science 11335:at the 11262:Sources 11198:29 July 11177:29 July 10726:: 542. 9899:30 July 9863:(ed.). 9853:: 9130:393–437 8833:1 April 8808:1 April 6770:Sevener 5584:Imamate 5034:Ja'fari 4952:Sevener 4932:Al-Amir 4876:Ismaili 4822:Infidel 4802:Muslims 4798:Muslims 4777:". 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