Marian art in the Catholic Church

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of the first to commission panels representing this subject matter, such works quickly became popular in monasteries, parish churches, and later homes. Some images of the Madonna were paid for by lay organizations called confraternities, who met to sing praises of the Virgin in chapels found within the newly reconstructed, spacious churches that were sometimes dedicated to her.

2603:"The version that I follow is the one that is closest to the holy revelation of the Evangelist and approved by the Catholic Church on the authority of the sacred and holy interpreters... In this loveliest of mysteries Our Lady should be painted as a beautiful young girl, 12 or 13 years old, in the flower of her youth... And thus she is praised by the Husband: 837:. Medieval Catholicism cherished relics and pilgrimages to visit them were common. Churches and specific works of art were commissioned to honor the saints and the Virgin Mary has always been seen as the most powerful intercessor among all saints—her depictions being the subject of veneration among Catholics worldwide. 2984:

Unlike the majority of the Protestants, the Eastern Orthodox Church venerates Marian images, but in a different manner and with a different emphasis from the Catholic tradition. While statues of the Virgin Mary abound in Catholic churches, there are specific prohibitions against all three-dimensional

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With the growth of monumental panel painting in Italy during the 12th and 13th centuries, this type was frequently painted at the image of the Madonna gains prominence outside of Rome, especially throughout Tuscany. While members of the mendicant orders of the Franciscan and Dominican Orders are some

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has been a major subject of Christian art since the early 4th century. It has been depicted in many different media, both pictorial and sculptural. Pictorial forms include murals, panel paintings, manuscript illuminations, stained glass windows and oil paintings. The earliest representations of the

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Catholic Marian art has expressed a wide range of theological topics that relate to Mary, often in ways that are far from obvious, and whose meaning can only be recovered by detailed scholarly analysis. Entire books, academic theses or lengthy scholarly works have been written on various aspects of

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has roots in ancient pictorial and sculptural traditions that informed the earliest Christian communities throughout Europe, Northern Africa and the Middle East. Important to Italian tradition are Byzantine icons, especially those created in Constantinople (Istanbul), the capital of the longest,

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to depict the Virgin Mary, most painters of Eastern Orthodox icons have remained anonymous for the production of an icon is not viewed as a "work of art" but as a "sacred craft" practiced and perfected in monasteries. To some Eastern Orthodox the natural looking Renaissance depictions used in

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in the Philippines where the devotion is very popular and many Catholic churches hold a Novena and Mass honoring it every Wednesday using a replica of the icon, which is also widely displayed in houses, buses and public transport in the Philippines. Devotions to the icon have spread from the

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its leaders expressed their discomfort with the depictions of saints in general. While over time a Protestant tradition of art developed, the depictions of the Virgin Mary within it have remained minimal, given that most Protestants reject Marian veneration and view it as a Catholic excess.

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A new form of the image, which from the rare early versions seems to have been formulated in 6th-century Palestine, was to set the essential form of Eastern Orthodox images down to the present day. The setting is now a cave – or rather the specific Cave of the Nativity in Bethlehem, already

1540:'s Byzantine-influenced Maestà version tries to have both. During the Gothic period, in the North earlier than in Italy, increasing closeness between mother and child develops, and Mary begins to hold her baby, or he looks over to her. Suckling is very unusual, but is sometimes shown. 2054:

Scenes of Mary and Jesus together fall into two main groups: those with an infant Jesus, and those from the last period of his life. After the episodes of the Nativity, there are a number of further narrative scenes of Mary and the infant Jesus together which are often depicted: the

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Although every year over five million pilgrims visit Lourdes and Guadalupe each, the volume of Catholic art to accompany this enthusiasm has been essentially restricted to popular images. Hence although apparitions have resulted in the construction of very large Marian churches at

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The University of Dayton's Marian Library/International Marian Research Institute (IMRI) is the world's largest repository of books, artwork and artifacts devoted to Mary, the mother of Christ, and a pontifical center of research and scholarship with a vast presence in

2607:, a text that is always written in this painting. She should be painted wearing a white tunic and a blue mantle... She is surrounded by the sun, an oval sun of white and ochre, which sweetly blends into the sky. Rays of light emanate from her head, around which is a 1000:. The emphasis on the humility of Jesus and the poverty of his birth depicted in Nativity art reinforced the image of God not as severe and punishing, but himself humble at birth and sacrificed at death. As the tender joys of the Nativity were added to the agony of 1285:

changed the fortunes of the Christian church, and resulted in both architectural and artistic development. The veneration of Mary became public and Marian art flourished. Some of the earliest Marian churches in Rome date to the 5th century, such as

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There is a rich tradition of building statues of the Madonna in South America, a sampling of which is shown in the galleries section of this article. The South American tradition of Marian art dates back to the 16th century, with the

2440:, but suppressed the existing special Mass for the feast, directing that the Mass for the Nativity of Mary (with the word "Nativity" replaced by "Conception") be used instead. Part of that earlier Mass was revived in the Mass that 913:. Catholics have, for centuries, prayed before this icon, usually in reproductions, to intercede on their behalf to Christ. Over the centuries, several churches dedicated to Our Mother of Perpetual Help have been constructed. Pope 2702:

in the West. As the nature of the Assumption became controversial during the High Middle Ages, the subject was often avoided, but depiction continued to be common until the Reformation. The last major Catholic depiction is

1399:. This type of depiction, with subtly changing differences of emphasis, has remained the mainstay of depictions of Mary to the present day. The image at Mount Sinai succeeds in combining two aspects of Mary described in the 1262:

discovered a very early fresco of Mary together with Saint Peter. The Roman Priscilla catacombs contain the known oldest Marian paintings, dating from the middle of the second century. In one, Mary is shown with the infant

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development of a "tender image of Jesus" via the construction of Nativity scenes changed that perception and was instrumental in portraying a softer image of Jesus that contrasted with the powerful and radiant image at the

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and Santa Maria Maggiore, and these churches were in turn decorated with significant works of art through the centuries. The interaction of Marian art and church construction thus influenced the development of Marian art.

2247:. The Annunciation is one of the most frequently depicted scenes in Western art. Annunciation scenes also amount to the most frequent appearances of Gabriel in medieval art. The depiction of Joseph turning away in some 2611:. An imperial crown adorns her head, without, however, hiding the stars. Under her feet is the moon. Although it is a solid globe, I take the liberty of making it transparent so that the landscape shows through." 926:

was composed in California and then performed at St. Alphonsus Liguori Church in Rome, where the icon resides. This illustrates how a medieval work of art can give rise to feast days, Cathedrals and Marian music.

1619:, participated in civic life and were celebrated for their miraculous properties. Western depictions remained heavily dependent on Byzantine types until at least the 13th century. In the late Middle Ages, the 2992:

depictions and do not have an official standing within liturgy, but Eastern icons are an inherent part of Orthodox liturgy. In fact, there is a three way, carefully coordinated interplay of prayers, icons and

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needed for Orthodox contemplation. The rich background representation of flowers or gardens found in Catholic art are not present in Orthodox depictions whose primary focus is the Theotokos, often with the

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representations (of Mary or any other any saints) within the Orthodox Church, for they are regarded as remnants of pagan idolatry. Hence the Orthodox only produce and venerate two-dimensional images.

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had been the subject of a good number of artistic works. Some of these paintings built on the third phase of the Assumption of Mary in which following her Assumption, she is crowned as the

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free-standing statues, typically about half life-size, of the enthroned Madonna and Child were an original Western development, since monumental sculpture was forbidden by Orthodoxy. The

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By the next century the iconic depiction of the Virgin enthroned carrying the infant Christ was established, as in the example from the only group of icons surviving from this period, at

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and hence their depictions of the dormition are distinct and the Virgin Mary is usually shown sleeping surrounded by saints, while Catholic depictions often show Mary rising to Heaven.

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of simple and modest individuals (in many cases children) on remote hilltops which in time have created strong emotions among large numbers of Catholics. Examples include Saint

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Apart from stylistic issues, significant doctrinal differences separate Catholic Marian art from other Christian approaches. Three examples are the depictions that involve the

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emerged in Germany as a separate subject, especially in sculpture. Mary is also included, though this is not mentioned in any of the scriptural accounts, in depictions of the

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became known as the "Catechism of images" for Catholics, given that it established key concepts for the use of images as a form of religious instruction and indoctrination via

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are widely used by Catholics in devotions, and small grottos with it are built in houses and Catholic neighborhoods worldwide and are the subject of prayers and petitions. In

2422: 4958: 2551:("enclosed garden") subject. This gave a rather cluttered subject, and usually was impossible to combine with correct perspective, so never caught on outside Germany and the 5063: 1790:

is a highly venerated Madonna in Brazil. The devotion started by the 15th century Portuguese navigators, praying for a safe return to their homes and then spread in Brazil.

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interact with Marian art as key components of Mariology, e.g. the construction of major Marian churches gives rise to major pieces of art for the decoration of the church.

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in Rome. In most (but not all) Catholic, and indeed Western, depictions Gabriel is shown on the left, while in the Eastern Church he is more often depicted on the right.

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increasingly became a more common depiction than the Nativity proper. From the 16th century plain Nativities with just the Holy Family, become a clear minority, although

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Arthur Calkins, Marian Consecration and Entrustment in Burke, Raymond L.; et al. (2008) Mariology: A Guide for Priests, Deacons, Seminarians, and Consecrated Persons

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flew Guadalupan flags and depictions of the Virgin of Guadalupe continue to remain a key unifying element in the Mexican nation. The study of Mary via the field of

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accentuate the differences in that they are based on apparitions that are purely Catholic, as well as being three-dimensional representations. And the presence of

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was among those artists who tried new solutions, but none of these became generally adopted so that the subject would be immediately recognisable to the faithful.

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The definitive iconography for the Immaculate Conception, drawing on the emblem tradition, seems to have been established by the master and then father-in-law of

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and Renaissance. The figures of the Virgin Mary and the Archangel Gabriel, being emblematic of purity and grace, were favorite subjects of many painters such as

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of c. 980 is one of the earliest of these, made of gold applied to a wooden core, and still the subject of considerable local veneration, as is the 12th century

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depicting this scene have appeared in Catholic Marian churches for centuries and it has been a topic addressed by many artists in multiple media, ranging from

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A number of Madonna paintings and statues have gathered a following as important religious icons and noteworthy works of art in various regions of the world.

1547:(1303–1373), a very popular mystic. Shortly before her death, she described a vision of the infant Jesus as lying on the ground, and emitting light himself. 6697: 3576: 10744: 9078: 906:. The image was carried from Santa Maria Maggiore around Rome as part of the celebration of the Marian year and the proclamation of the Queenship of Mary. 790: 5044: 8176: 2720:

school a particular source. By the 16th century they had become the norm, initially in Italy, and then elsewhere. They were sometimes combined with the

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in general had either opposed or questioned this doctrine, Catholic art on the subject mostly dates to periods after the 15th century and is absent from

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rule, was the source of great numbers of icons exported to the West, and the artists there could adapt their style to Western iconography when required.

1471:, the drawing of the figures can only be described as rather crude compared to Byzantine work of the period. This was in fact an unusual inclusion in a 875:" shaped the Catholic reinterpretations of the Virgin Mary in the 16th and 17th centuries and fostered and promoted Marian devotions such as the Rosary. 3057:. Given that the Immaculate Conception is a mostly Catholic doctrine, its depictions within other Christian traditions remain rare. The same applies to 74:, often arranged in cycles. Most medieval painters, and from the Reformation to about 1800 most from Catholic countries, have produced works, including 1731:

Some Madonnas become the subject of widespread devotion, and the Marian shrines dedicated to them attract millions of pilgrims per year. An example is

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and the many artistic renditions of it as statues are not simply works of art but are a central element of the daily lives of the Mexican people. Both

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Catholic Mariology does not simply consist of a set of theological writings, but also relies on the emotional impact of art, music and architecture.

2927:. Depictions of the Virgin of Guadalupe continue to remain a key unifying element in the Mexican nation, and as the main national symbol of Mexico. 2680:. Saint John was not only interested in the Assumption, but also supported the use of holy images in response to the edict by the Byzantine Emperor 7429: 6995: 4940: 2915:

and the artistic renditions of it as statues are not simply works of art but are a central elements of the daily lives of the Mexican people. Both

4816: 4164: 964:, both reported in the Lourdes messages. To Catholics, the distinctive blue and white Lourdes statues are reminders of the emphasis of Lourdes on 8964: 1334: 918: 6447: 2222:

has repeatedly referred to Mary as "ever virgin" for centuries. The dogma means that Mary was a virgin before, during and after giving birth to

1008:) a whole new range of approved religious emotions were ushered in via Marian art, with wide-ranging cultural impacts for centuries thereafter. 6485: 2665:

deliberately left open the question of whether Mary died before her Assumption, the more common teaching of the early Fathers is that she did.

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The natural composition of the scene, consisting of two figures facing each other, also made it suitable for decorated arches above doorways.

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at the Annunciation (that she was a virgin before, during and after giving birth to him) is alluded to in some forms of Nativity art:

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As the Virgin Mary remained an ever-virgin and sinless, it is viewed that the Virgin Mary could not thus suffer the consequences of

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states that Mary was transported into Heaven with her body and soul united. Although the Assumption was only officially declared a

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Arnold Hauser, Mannerism: The Crisis of the Renaissance and the Origins of Modern Art, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1965,

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Roten S.M., Johann G., "Birth of Mary: Meditation and Illustration", International Marian Research Institute, University of Dayton

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was not made clear in the Gospels and Pauline Epistles but the theological implications of this were defined and confirmed by the

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in both religious and secular contexts. These consisted of a visual representation of the symbol (pictura) and usually a Latin

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Marian art forms part of the fabric of Catholic Marian culture through their emotional impact on her veneration. Images such as

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Nativity itself are very simple, just showing the infant, tightly wrapped, lying near the ground in a trough or wicker basket.

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Images of, and devotions to, Madonnas such as Our Lady of San Juan de los Lagos have spread from Mexico to the United States.

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The Orthodox tradition is clear that Mary died normally, before being bodily assumed. The Orthodox term for the death is the

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Western artists adopted many of the Byzantine iconographic elements, but preferred the scriptural stable to the cave, though

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Apparition-based art is at times considered miraculous by Catholics. Replicas of the distinctive blue and white statue of

1708:. It is represented as the Virgin Mary wounded by seven swords in her heart, a reference to the prophecy of Simeon at the 11343: 9663: 9273: 9103: 8011: 7758: 5298: 3899: 2060: 1357:(431). Different aspects of Mary's position as mother have been the subject of a large number of works of Catholic art. 776: 4868: 3653: 922:

Philippines to the United States, and remain popular among Asian-Americans in California. As recently as 1992, the song

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underneath the Church of the Nativity, and well-established as a place of pilgrimage, with the approval of the Church.

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received physical proof that Mary remained a virgin even in giving birth to Jesus, is found in many depictions of the

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and an increased focused on the concept of Marian protection. By the beginning of the 16th century, depictions of the

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flew Guadalupan flags as their protector, and Zapata's men wore the Guadalupan image around their necks and on their

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Meanwhile, depictions of the Assumption had been becoming more frequent during the late Middle Ages, with the Gothic

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echoed the same sentiment regarding the blending of art, music and religion by comparing the artistic efforts of the

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The Catholic approach to Marian art is quite distinct from the way other Christians (such as the Protestant and the

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in 313 Christians were permitted to worship and build churches openly. The generous and systematic patronage of

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Historically, Marian art has not only impacted the image of Mary among Catholics, but that of Jesus. The early "

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at the start of his Passion) was often painted in 15th- and early 16th-century Germany. Mary is placed at the

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that she would conceive a child to be born the Son of God, and in Nativity scenes that include the figure of

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Some Madonnas are known by a general name and concept rendered or depicted by various artists. For instance,

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was confirmed; this had been a subject of some controversy until then, though mainly for reasons to do with

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The perpetual character of Mary's virginity, namely that she was a virgin all her life and not only at her

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includes several Catholic elements, such as being apparition-based, being a crowned statue and holding a

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The Eastern Church held the feast of the Assumption as early as the second half of the 6th century, and

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and wrote, "...together with sacred music, this art proves itself to be a powerful aid to the liturgy".

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attributed his own recovery from near death to a statue of the Virgin of Mercy brought to his bedside.

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meant that the Western, Latin, church was unable to compete in the development of such sophisticated

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is a famous example. Gatherings of the whole extended family of Jesus form a subject known as the

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were among the preferred artistic items in households in the Paris area. In the 18th century Saint

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within Orthodox liturgy, at times with specific feasts that relate to the Theotokos icons and the

2698:. Byzantine depictions of this were the basis for Western images, the subject being known as the 1543:

The image in later medieval Northern Europe was often influenced by the vision of the Nativity of

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Many artists in the 15th century faced the problem of how to depict an abstract idea such as the

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is a discreet reference to the fatherhood of the Holy Spirit, and the doctrine of Virgin Birth.

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are another example of the blending of art and devotions among Catholics. In the 12th century

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In Tiers of Glory: The Organic Development of Catholic Church Architecture through the Ages

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has gathered significant popular following in central Europe and has since been called the

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cross common in medieval Western churches had statues of Mary and John flanking a central

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The tradition of Catholic Marian art has continued in the 21st century by artists such as

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and his focus on "the transformation of Christian life through vision" and the "nonverbal

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to oil painting. The oldest fresco of the annunciation is a 4th-century depiction in the

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of the Virgin Mary which shielded the kneeling abbots and abbesses. In the 13th century

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The Catholic teaching that Mary is far above all other creatures in dignity, and after

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It has been one of the most frequent subjects of Christian art particularly during the

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1433 has been described as one of the most innovative devotional images from the early

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The iconography of the Immaculate Conception in the Middle Ages and early Renaissance

7265: 7239: 7219: 7198: 7178: 7158: 7136: 7099: 7079: 7054: 7034: 7014: 6976: 6956: 6936: 6917: 6893: 6816: 6800: 6767: 6747: 6657: 6637: 6617: 6598: 6569: 6546: 6380: 6360: 6341: 6321: 6301: 6263: 6243: 6222: 6199: 6179: 6159: 6114: 6044: 5995: 5975: 5958: 5938: 5918: 5898: 5878: 5858: 5838: 5818: 5798: 5774: 5754: 5734: 5714: 5694: 5674: 5650: 5619: 5591: 5568: 5546: 5515: 5496: 5476: 5454: 5434: 5411: 5385: 5268: 5140: 5069: 4640: 3890: 3802: 3465: 3263: 3256: 2864: 2852: 2788: 2584: 2463: 2375: 2301: 2297: 2244: 2240: 2144: 2076: 2064: 1993: 1919: 1521: 1460: 1423: 1408: 1307: 1255: 1058:(who had previously produced the "Life of the Virgin" series), to the revival of the 1055: 1036: 903: 872: 852: 682: 423: 418: 145: 46: 10076: 6684: 6478: 1380:

in Rome, dating from 432 to 40, just after the council, she is not yet shown with a

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went further: "Limitless is the difference between God's servants and His Mother."

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Mary is then usually absent from scenes of the period of Christ's life between his

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in 1950, its roots in Catholic culture and art go back many centuries. While Pope

1834:, 1433, is considered one of the most innovative devotional images from the early 1493: 1016: 140:, and the traditions of the Church. Other influences on Marian art have been the 11367: 11273: 11064: 10762: 9781: 9756: 9683: 9443: 9326: 9183: 9148: 8954: 8949: 8874: 8869: 8810: 8735: 8485: 8415: 7947: 7888: 7438: 6744:Ésotérisme, gnoses & imaginaire symbolique: mélanges offerts à Antoine Faivre 6732: 6500: 6493: 6451: 6286: 5407: 5246: 5242: 5165: 5116: 5086: 4991: 4982: 4856: 4755: 4474: 4207: 4134: 3762: 3612: 3326: 3170: 3050: 2920: 2892: 2827: 2803: 2737: 2608: 2556: 2540: 2539:...", "Thou art all fair, my love; there is no spot in thee", verse 4.7 from the 2536: 2518: 2479: 2433: 2403: 2227: 2124: 1883: 1846: 1835: 1809: 1361: 1298:

The Virgin Mary has since become a major subject of Western Art. Masters such as

1196: 1105: 1089: 1059: 1032: 1028: 1012: 969: 949: 550: 535: 374: 346: 197: 98: 2591:

also contracted the approval of new images. He described his iconography in his

2418:, the popularity of the doctrine increased and a feast-day for it was promoted. 1267:

on her lap. The Priscilla catacomb also includes the oldest known fresco of the

11363: 11263: 11059: 10948: 10894: 10827: 10807: 10566: 10407: 10018: 9945: 9361: 9290: 9138: 9073: 8859: 8849: 8835: 8820: 8500: 8395: 8279: 8258: 7792: 7671: 7646: 7618: 7549: 7394:

from Augusta State University – see under Virgin Mary, after alphabet of saints

6704:. International Marian Research Institute, University of Dayton. Archived from 6504: 5284: 3885: 3863: 3035: 2977: 2916: 2688: 2399: 2203: 1645: 1634: 1275: 1063: 834: 560: 351: 296: 253: 94: 30: 6833:

St. John Damascene on Holy Images, Followed by Three Sermons on the Assumption

6406: 5532:

https://udayton.edu/imri/mary/b/birth-of-mary-meditation-and-illustrations.php

2184:(though the selection of scenes in these varied considerably), as well as the 11527: 11288: 11219: 11069: 10777: 10417: 10412: 10301: 10210: 10167: 10145: 10103: 10081: 9958: 9862: 9253: 9213: 9098: 9020: 9005: 8854: 8815: 8621: 8505: 8302: 7971: 7686: 6433: 5607: 5565:

The Mystery of the Rosary: Marian Devotion and the Reinvention of Catholicism

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was also aware of this motif, which eventually led to the iconography of the

895: 822: 667: 258: 137: 121: 38: 6788: 2911:

they have not so far had a similar impact on Marian art. Yet images such as

2167:. After the Ascension, she is the centrally-placed figure in depictions of 1769:

in Mexico. It is the second most visited pilgrimage shrine in Mexico, after

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continue to remain mostly Catholic. While the Eastern Orthodox support the

3027: 2973: 2757: 2742: 2494: 2441: 2236: 2223: 2106: 2084: 2041: 2014: 1989: 1961: 1740: 1570: 1299: 1268: 1137: 952:

and spirituality. The widespread Catholic use of replicas of the statue of

948:

The use of Marian art by Catholics worldwide accompanies specific forms of

914: 891: 642: 408: 391: 79: 2960:) treat the depictions of the Virgin Mary. From the very beginning of the 1918:, Spain is a highly venerated statue based on a legendary vision of Saint 867:). Paleotti's approach was implemented by his powerful contemporary Saint 175: 11403: 11153: 11116: 10965: 10817: 10792: 10689: 10229: 9528: 9424: 9280: 9153: 9133: 9128: 9123: 9108: 8410: 8345: 8201: 8126: 8104: 7952: 7714: 7676: 5213: 5181: 3678: 3019: 2728:

waited in the clouds. The subject was very suited to Baroque treatment.

2456: 2429: 2415: 2411: 2407: 2395: 2317: 2293: 1979: 1705: 1472: 1468: 1449: 1415: 1369: 1212: 1051: 1047: 983:

image" of Jesus as "the Lord and Master" was specially emphasized in the

57: 9489: 7338:

Rice, David Talbot (1997). Art of the Byzantine Era. Thames and Hudson.

2839: 1935:

monastery in Spain is a highly venerated statue and the patron saint of

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Since a key Scriptural text pointed to in support of the doctrine was "

2305: 2280: 1616: 1555: 1400: 1303: 428: 83: 75: 6673: 2806:

rededications took place, e.g. the 1955 rededication of the church of

11408: 11256: 11091: 11081: 11074: 11032: 11027: 10822: 10782: 10071: 10023: 9978: 9903: 9834: 9795: 9710: 9223: 9218: 9188: 8884: 8647: 8631: 8616: 8460: 8350: 8228: 8218: 8086: 7865: 5356: 4583: 4436: 3537: 3510: 3356: 2775: 2436:, included the feast (but without the adjective "Immaculate") in the 2357: 2270: 2175: 2168: 2132: 1975: 1957:

is Poland's holiest relic, and one of the country's national symbols.

1936: 1657: 1365: 941: 878:

An example of the interaction of Marian art, culture and churches is

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The énclosed garden: history and development of the hortus conclusus

6076:

by Carol McCall Rand, 1987, Thesis, Virginia Commonwealth University

6014:

by Saint Alfonso Maria de' Liguori, Richard Paul Blakeney 1852 p. 20

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In the 16th century there was a widespread intellectual fashion for

1971: 1630: 930: 10797: 10666: 10125: 9463: 9371: 9198: 8297: 7666: 7316:

Levey, Michael (1961). From Giotto to Cézanne. Thames and Hudson,.

7154:

America's Religions: From Their Origins to the Twenty-First Century

5238: 5209: 4928: 4253: 4222: 4077: 3435: 3004:

While there is a tradition for the best known Western artists from

2941: 2924: 2811: 2662: 2421: 2353: 2152: 2127:, where she is placed in the Gospels. A non-scriptural subject of 1915: 1720:(Poland's largest church) is an important icon in Poland. The term 1701: 1404: 1242: 972:

at Lourdes shows how Churches, devotions and art intertwine within

761: 438: 10184: 7407: 7262:

Garden of the Renaissance: Botanical Symbolism in Italian Painting

2160: 1162: 11497: 11106: 11086: 10943: 10832: 10039: 9993: 9988: 9548: 9168: 8006: 7880: 7823: 6489: 5311: 5234: 5187: 5101: 4470: 4272: 4268: 4226: 3997: 3976: 3709: 3192: 3014: 2904: 2725: 2588: 2475: 1903: 1887: 1877: 1841: 1814: 1672: 1498: 1467:

of about 800 and, though magnificently decorated in the style of

398: 6856:

Dictionary of Mary, Catholic Book Publishing Co., New York, 1985

5618:

Ann Ball, 2003 Encyclopedia of Catholic Devotions and Practices

3013:

Catholic art are not conducive to meditation, for they lack the

2760:

possesses primacy over all goes back to the early church. Saint

2235:

This dogma is often represented in Catholic art in terms of the

10313: 10130: 9321: 8626: 8611: 8555: 8522: 7327:

Myers, Bernard (1965, 1985). Landmarks of Western Art. Hamlyn.

5494:

The Madonnas of Europe: Pilgrimages to the Great Marian Shrines

5035: 4964: 4892: 4874: 4644: 4543: 4518: 4432: 4307: 4012: 3747: 3728: 3552: 3185: 3031: 3009: 3005: 2848: 2802:. Pius XII also declared the first Marian year and a number of 2630: 2448: 2390:

Given that up to the 13th century a series of saints including

2333: 2329: 2309: 2266: 2262: 2254: 2092: 1992:'s statue of the Virgin Mary and a standing Jesus known as the 1624: 1537: 1373: 1315: 1311: 980: 961: 490: 153: 7295:

Beckwith, John (1969). Early Medieval Art. Thames and Hudson.

2091:. Mary appears in the background of the only incident in the 1804: 1497:

Representation of the Nativity on the Throne of Maximianus in

11039: 10499: 10438: 10395: 9633: 9542: 9419: 8587: 8551: 5835:

Lord Jesus Christ: Devotion to Jesus in Earliest Christianity

4398: 2717: 2626: 2543:, a number of symbolic objects drawn from the imagery of the 2452: 2341: 2067:, and less specific scenes of Mary and Jesus with his cousin 1396: 1264: 803: 133: 7133:

Ecclesiasticus II: Orthodox Icons, Saints, Feasts and Prayer

6196:

Image and Relic: Mediating the Sacred in Early Medieval Rome

2316:

among others. In many depictions the angel may be holding a

1724:

is also used in other contexts, without a Madonna, e.g. for

833:

Art has been an integral element of Catholic identity since

8592: 8311: 7175:

Keeping silence: Christian practices for entering stillness

6101:

Tlaxcala: Editoria de periodicos "La Prensa", MLCS 98/02238

5897:

by Christian Raab, Harry Hagan, St. Meinrad Archabbey 2007

5473:

Distinctively Catholic: an exploration of Catholic identity

4249: 2483: 2148: 2139:

by the Gospels, and is almost invariably shown, with Saint

1444:. By this time the political and economic collapse of the 1426:, and on which Western depictions remained based until the 1330: 1121: 6338:

Art and architecture of viceregal Latin America, 1521–1821

5667:

Relations between religions and cultures in Southeast Asia

2444:

ordered to be used on the feast and that is still in use.

1850:. The painting, originally commissioned for the church of 27:

Iconographic depiction of Virgin Mary in Catholic Churches

7118:

by Frank K. Flinn, J. Gordon Melton 2007 ISBN pp. 244–245

6846:

http://campus.udayton.edu/mary/resources/maryassump1.html

6074:

The Madonna della Misericordia in the Italian Renaissance

5935:

La vida sacra: contemporary Hispanic sacramental theology

2509: 1191:, including the Madonna and Child and variations such as 1096:

Marian art in general and on specific topics such as the

7358:

Full of Grace: Encountering Mary in Faith, Art, and Life

6520:

trans. T. Buffer (San Francisco: Ignatius, 1991), p. 35.

2466:

established an iconography that Spanish artists such as

1860:

in Dresden (Germany). It is considered a key example of

1615:

enduring medieval civilization whose icons, such as the

1364:

after the Council of Ephesus in 431, when her status as

5588:

The road from Eden: studies in Christianity and culture

2174:

The main scenes above, showing incidents celebrated as

1876:

in Rome is a historic icon and the patron saint of the

6880: 6634:

The Oxford Companion to Christian Art and Architecture

6529: 2863:

Catholic devotion to Mary has at times been driven by

2532:, and the problem was not fully solved for 150 years. 1430:. Other narrative scenes for Byzantine cycles on the 5636:

Vatican website: Pope John Paul II in the Philippines

3022:. Apparition-based images such as the statues of the 1735:

in Brazil, whose shrine is surpassed in size only by

1318:

and others produced masterpieces with Marian themes.

6377:

Globalizing the sacred: religion across the Americas

4682:

Immaculate Conception § Artistic representation

3075:, they do not support the Catholic doctrines of the 2764:

said: "You have surpassed every creature" and Saint

1756:

gaining fame in 1582. Some noteworthy examples are:

894:

in the 17th century. In 1899 Eugenio Pacelli (later

5733:by Erwin Fahlbusch, Geoffrey William Bromiley 2003 3067:) but its representation within themes such as the 1130:, the group term for narrative subjects, including: 6764:Divine Mirrors: The Virgin Mary in the Visual Arts 5957:by Lily Rose R. Tope, Detch P. Nonan-Mercado 2005 1558:led a return to a more realistic treatment of the 7076:The Eastern Orthodox Church: Its Thought and Life 6260:Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of World Religions 5452:Mary: Art, Culture, and Religion through the Ages 3042:emphasize a totally Catholic form of Marian art. 2951: 2432:, the Dominican Pope who in 1570 established the 2171:, which is her latest appearance in the Gospels. 1700:is the patron saint of several countries such as 898:) said his first Holy Mass in front of it at the 11525: 6588:by André Grabar 1968 Taylor & Francis p. 130 6464:http://campus.udayton.edu/mary/mariandogmas.html 6043:by Franca Trinchieri Camiz, Katherine A. McIver 3403:Adoration of the shepherds § Gallery of art 2410:art. But with support from popular opinion, the 2159:and his Entombment; in the late Middle Ages the 1577:, who according to the story in the 2nd-century 1452:, and relied heavily on Byzantine developments. 1422:, that it has retained up to the present day in 105:is thus inherently intertwined with Marian art. 64:, covering both devotional subjects such as the 60:for centuries. There is an enormous quantity of 4501: 2668:An early supporter of the Assumption was Saint 2455:; frequently an explanatory epigram was added. 2320:, symbolic of Mary's virginity. The mosaics of 2226:. The 2nd-century work originally known as the 1906:, Spain is a key example of a sorrowful Madonna 1246:The Earliest fresco of the Virgin Mary, in the 919:National Shrine of Our Mother of Perpetual Help 6935:by Sally Falk Moore, Barbara G. Myerhoff 1977 6379:by Manuel A. Vásquez, Marie F. Marquardt 2003 5817:by Watson E. Mills, Roger Aubrey Bullard 1998 2859:in 1981 was placed in the crown of the statue. 2218:is the earliest of the four Marian dogmas and 1945: 1333:of the enthroned Virgin and Child with saints 1254:Early veneration of Mary is documented in the 166:Marian papal encyclicals and Apostolic Letters 11213:Architecture of cathedrals and great churches 10912: 10329: 9505: 7423: 6698:"Birth of Mary: Meditation and Illustrations" 6586:Christian iconography: a study of its origins 6036: 6034: 5937:by James L. Empereur, Eduardo Fernández 2006 3394: 2478:. In some paintings the cherubim are holding 2031: 1119:Some of the leading Marian subjects include: 784: 7278: 7259: 7197:by Robert S. Ellwood, Gregory D. Alles 2007 6088:, by Bonnie Robertson, 1980 ASIN: B0021ZHECE 2980:is a distinguishing feature of Catholic art. 2232:pays special attention to Mary's virginity. 2178:by the church, formed part of cycles of the 2000:, Belgium shares some similarities with his 7004: 6766:by Melissa R. Katz and Robert A. Orsi 2001 6131:Maria nelle epigrafi paleocristiane di Roma 5711:Religion at the corner of bliss and nirvana 5560: 5558: 2988:Catholic Marian images are almost entirely 68:and a range of narrative subjects from the 10336: 10322: 9512: 9498: 9352:International Alliance of Catholic Knights 7430: 7416: 6991: 6989: 6685:Marion A. Habig, "Land of Mary Immaculate" 6031: 5731:The encyclopedia of Christianity, Volume 3 4673: 3082: 2691:(687–701) ordered its observance in Rome. 2493:of Immaculate Conception was performed by 1982:where the Virgin Mary is portrayed as the 1455:The earliest surviving image in a Western 1069: 804:Blending of art, theology and spirituality 791: 777: 9936:Veneration of Mary in the Catholic Church 9519: 7168: 7128: 7126: 7124: 6876: 6874: 6789:http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/3819.htm 6320:by J. Gordon Melton, Martin Baumann 2003 5583: 5581: 5468: 5466: 5426: 5424: 4830: 2791:was only formally established in 1954 by 7264:. Firenze: Casa Editrice Leo S.Olschki. 7013:edited by Hans Joachim Hillerbrand 2003 6214: 6212: 6041:Art and music in the early modern period 5555: 3518: 2967: 2838: 2774: 2741: 2625: 2587:(1564–1644), to whom the Inquisition in 2561: 2513: 2420: 2374: 2370: 2279: 2197: 2101: 2035: 1803: 1671: 1629: 1592: 1515: 1492: 1325: 1241: 1073: 929: 821: 29: 7089: 7071: 7069: 7067: 6986: 6801:Nicaea II Definition, "without blemish" 6597:Annunciation Art, Phaidon Press, 2004, 6357:Mapping the Catholic cultural landscape 6298:Encyclopedia of Comparative Iconography 5915:The vitality of the Christian tradition 5908: 5399: 5397: 2095:from the later childhood of Jesus, the 1440:sources to fill in her life before the 968:and the millions of pilgrimages to the 14: 11526: 7811: 7283:. College Art Association of America. 7121: 7033:by Timothy Verdon, Filippo Rossi 2005 6871: 6746:by Richard Caron, Antoine Faivre 2001 6462:Marian Dogmas at University of Dayton 5868: 5808: 5647:Culture and customs of the Philippines 5578: 5463: 5421: 2510:Depiction of the Immaculate Conception 2486:, flowers often associated with Mary. 2193: 857:Discourse on Sacred and Profane Images 108:The body of teachings that constitute 56:has been one of the major subjects of 10317: 9493: 7411: 7109: 6946: 6678: 6674:Paul Cavendish, "The Tridentine Mass" 6209: 6176:Early Christian Art and Architecture 6099:Historia de Nuestra Senora de Ocotlan 5751:Our Sunday Visitor's Catholic Almanac 4999:Queen of Heaven § Gallery of art 2615: 2360:'s gilded sculpture at the church of 2004:which was completed sometime earlier. 987:. The 13th century depictions of the 7236:Butler's Lives of the Saints: August 7064: 6926: 6475:Divine Liturgy of St John Chrysostom 6149: 5888: 5394: 4990: 4839:Assumption of the Virgin Mary in art 4020: 3693:Russian Theotokos icon, 10th century 3635: 2622:Assumption of the Virgin Mary in art 1714:Our Lady of Sorrows, Queen of Poland 1667: 1482: 615:Approved, with widespread liturgical 7437: 7195:The encyclopedia of world religions 6815:, Tan Books & Publishers, 200, 6280:Infancy Gospel of James, chapter 20 5693:by Tony Carnes, Fenggang Yang 2004 3642: 2599:, published posthumously in 1649): 2155:. Mary is shown as present at the 2061:Presentation of Jesus at the Temple 1882:The Madonna statue at the altar of 1550:From the 15th century onwards, the 1370:arguments over the nature of Christ 1360:There was a great expansion of the 1237: 617:veneration endorsed by the Holy See 24: 7350: 6695:Emblems for Immaculate Conception 6654:Medieval art: a topical dictionary 6566:Medieval art: a topical dictionary 6518:Mary and the Fathers of the Church 6505:Understanding the Orthodox Liturgy 6146:, in "Esprit et Vie", n. 91, 1983. 5530:University of Dayton Marian Music 5513:Madonna: Sacred Art And Holy Music 5450:Caroline Ebertshauser et al. 1998 4284: 4184: 3785: 2851:. One of the bullets that wounded 2816:Mary, Queen of the World Cathedral 2731: 2202:Fresco of the Annunciation at the 1799: 1780:is a statue of the Virgin Mary in 1116:and their doctrinal implications. 160:, or total consecration, and also 152:and popular devotions such as the 41:, in Rome since the 15th century. 25: 11555: 7385: 7238:by Alban Butler, Paul Burns 1998 7011:The encyclopedia of Protestantism 6405:. August 14, 2009. Archived from 5404:A History of Modern Latin America 4579:Christ taking leave of his mother 3255: 2865:religious experiences and visions 2462:Drawing on the emblem tradition, 2129:Christ taking leave of his Mother 1763:Our Lady of San Juan de los Lagos 1479:was devised in the 13th century. 1158:Christ taking leave of his Mother 1102:Our Lady of San Juan de los Lagos 818:Rosary devotions and spirituality 62:Marian art in the Catholic Church 11508: 11507: 11496: 10624:State church of the Roman Empire 10343: 10295: 10284: 10283: 9574: 9474: 9473: 9462: 9430:Society of Saint Vincent de Paul 8978:Criticism of the Catholic Church 6914:Voices, Visions, and Apparitions 6113:by Rob Aben, Saskia de Wit 1999 5895:The tradition of Catholic prayer 5297: 5276: 5254: 5226: 5200: 5173: 5151: 5139: 5124: 5109: 5094: 5079: 5062: 5043: 5024: 5009: 4975: 4957: 4939: 4921: 4903: 4885: 4867: 4849: 4815: 4799: 4784: 4766: 4748: 4730: 4710: 4692: 4652: 4633: 4612: 4591: 4570: 4551: 4530: 4511: 4481: 4463: 4444: 4421: 4406: 4387: 4368: 4353: 4336: 4315: 4296: 4260: 4238: 4215: 4196: 4163: 4142: 4127: 4108: 4089: 4070: 4046: 4030: 4005: 3984: 3963: 3938: 3919: 3898: 3877: 3854: 3835: 3810: 3795: 3770: 3755: 3736: 3717: 3698: 3686: 3667: 3652: 3620: 3605: 3590: 3575: 3560: 3545: 3530: 3503: 3488: 3473: 3458: 3443: 3428: 3413: 3379: 3364: 3349: 3334: 3319: 3304: 3289: 3274: 3240: 3220: 3199: 3178: 3159: 3144: 3125: 3106: 2818:a title proclaimed by Pius XII. 2123:and his Passion, except for the 1986:, with Jesus sitting on her lap. 1765:is located in the small town of 1746: 1321: 1019:in France used the motif of the 924:The Lady Who Wears Blue and Gold 760: 451: 450: 204: 174: 10607:First seven ecumenical councils 7597:First seven ecumenical councils 7279:D'Ancona, Mirella Levi (1957). 7260:D'Ancona, Mirella Levi (1977). 7229: 7208: 7188: 7146: 7044: 7024: 6966: 6906: 6859: 6850: 6838: 6825: 6805: 6794: 6777: 6757: 6737: 6719: 6689: 6667: 6647: 6627: 6607: 6591: 6579: 6559: 6523: 6510: 6468: 6456: 6438: 6420: 6390: 6370: 6350: 6331: 6311: 6291: 6273: 6253: 6232: 6189: 6178:by R. L. P. Milburn (Feb 1991) 6169: 6136: 6123: 6104: 6091: 6079: 6067: 6056: 6017: 6005: 5985: 5968: 5948: 5928: 5848: 5828: 5784: 5764: 5744: 5724: 5704: 5684: 5660: 5640: 5629: 5612: 5601: 3947:The Glorification of the Virgin 3087: 2071:, sometimes with John's mother 2019:Mother Thrice Admirable Madonna 1718:Sanctuary of Our Lady of Licheń 1436:were being evolved, relying on 1011:The spread of devotions to the 1004:(as depicted in scenes such as 882:, a key Marian icon in Rome at 11474:Relations with other religions 10880:Church of the East (Nestorian) 10875:Oriental Orthodox (Miaphysite) 10263:Saint Luke painting the Virgin 9684:Miracle at the Wedding at Cana 9679:Finding of Jesus in the Temple 8172:Separation of church and state 6340:by Kelly Donahue-Wallace 2008 6186:Univ California Press page 303 5815:Mercer dictionary of the Bible 5536: 5524: 5505: 5486: 5444: 5375: 5186:receiving the Rosary from the 2952:Distinguishing characteristics 2834: 2642:Assumption of Mary into Heaven 1660:, a more developed treatment. 531:Congregation of Marian Fathers 279:Consecrations and entrustments 13: 1: 7253: 7096:Serbian orthodox fundamentals 6975:by Anna-Karina Hermkens 2009 5917:by George Finger Thomas 1944 3955: 3096:Annunciation in Christian art 2640:The Catholic doctrine of the 1886:is an outstanding example of 1526: 1271:, dating to the 4th century. 221: 7157:by Peter W. Williams, 2008. 6813:The 33 Doctors Of The Church 5855:II Corinthians: a commentary 2364:(1435) are famous examples. 1955:Black Madonna of Częstochowa 1639:Santo Domingo de Silos Abbey 956:emphasizes devotions to the 937:Our Lady of the Gate of Dawn 911:Our Mother of Perpetual Help 541:Marianists (Society of Mary) 35:Our Mother of Perpetual Help 7: 11181:Views on poverty and wealth 7135:by George Dion Dragas 2005 7116:Encyclopedia of Catholicism 6541:(Second ed.). p. 5877:by Rosalind B. Brooke 2006 5713:by Lois Ann Lorentzen 2009 5433:by Maxwell E. Johnson 2003 5319: 2583:, the painter and theorist 2425:Swiss emblem, 16th century. 2348:'s fresco at the church of 2216:perpetual virginity of Mary 2010:Refugium Peccatorum Madonna 1946:Central and Northern Europe 1857:Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister 1418:of the Nativity was taking 1393:Saint Catherine's Monastery 1343:Saint Catherine's Monastery 1232:Francisco Cárdenas Martínez 10: 11560: 11426:World Evangelical Alliance 11388:Traditionalist Catholicism 9469:Catholic Church portal 6886:The Encyclopedia of Saints 6787:, which is chiefly Death. 6616:by Eugene Laverdiere 2007 6537:The Encyclopedia of Angels 6479:Coptic Liturgy of St Basil 6300:by Helene E. Roberts 1998 6158:by Eugene LaVerdiere 2007 6097:Luis Nava Rodríguez, 1975 5992:Life in Renaissance France 4997:For a larger gallery, see 4996: 4837:For a larger gallery, see 4836: 4680:For a larger gallery, see 4679: 4507:Mary in the Life of Christ 4502:Mary in the Life of Christ 3409:Adoration of the shepherds 3401:For a larger gallery, see 3400: 3396:Adoration of the shepherds 3261: 3094:For a larger gallery, see 3093: 3073:Dormition of the Theotokos 2821:Yet, long before 1954 the 2779:Coronation of the icon by 2735: 2619: 2047: 2032:Mary in the Life of Christ 1998:Church of Our Lady, Bruges 1603: 1588: 1560:Adoration of the Shepherds 1486: 1250:from the early 3rd century 1153:Adoration of the shepherds 807: 594:Queen of Angels Foundation 584:Marian Movement of Priests 566:World Apostolate of Fátima 536:Company of Mary (Montfort) 11491: 11441: 11421:World Council of Churches 11396: 11314: 11198: 11189: 11144: 10929: 10913: 10908:Latter Day Saint movement 10893: 10853: 10753: 10734: 10680: 10637: 10582: 10488: 10467: 10426: 10394: 10351: 10279: 10250: 10203: 10153: 10144: 10032: 9944: 9882: 9875: 9855: 9803: 9794: 9772: 9730:Bilocation to Saint James 9719: 9631: 9590: 9583: 9572: 9527: 9457: 9395:Aid to the Church in Need 9385: 9242: 9055: 9016:Vatican Television Center 8991: 8901: 8791: 8661:Eastern Catholic Churches 8642: 8531: 8424: 8371: 8296: 8267: 8192: 8117: 8052: 7997: 7916: 7786: 7700: 7632: 7577: 7496: 7473: 7445: 7098:by Christos Mylonas 2003 6791:Nicea II Session 6 Decree 6144:Marie dans les catacombes 6086:Virgen de San Juan Shrine 5837:by Larry W. Hurtado 2005 5771:The Mystery of the Rosary 2605:tota pulchra es amica mea 2326:Santa Maria in Trastevere 2286:Santa Maria in Trastevere 2040:Christ and Mary, mosaic, 1933:Santa María de Montserrat 1420:the form, centred on Mary 1341:and angels, 6th century, 1288:Santa Maria in Trastevere 829:, a popular icon in Rome. 342:Our Lady, Star of the Sea 217:Bartolomé Esteban Murillo 18:Roman Catholic Marian art 11449:Anti-Christian sentiment 10629:Christian biblical canon 9782:Protoevangelium of James 9337:Communion and Liberation 8801:Eastern Catholic liturgy 7966:Mystici Corporis Christi 7894:Sixto-Clementine Vulgate 7053:by Beth Williamson 2004 6614:The Annunciation to Mary 6427:Research on Luigi Crosio 6156:The Annunciation To Mary 5857:by Frank J. Matera 2003 5773:by Nathan Mitchell 2009 5691:Asian American religions 5567:by Nathan Mitchell 2009 5368: 5332:Catholic Marian churches 5132:Giulio Cesare Procaccini 4968:Assumption of the Virgin 4348:, patron saint of Brazil 3069:Coronation of the Virgin 2823:Coronation of the Virgin 2722:Coronation of the Virgin 2678:Doctor of the Assumption 2676:who is often called the 2414:and theologians such as 1583:Nativity of Jesus in art 1489:Nativity of Jesus in art 1173:Coronation of the Virgin 1143:Nativity of Jesus in art 1044:Archicoenobium Casinense 1042:In his apostolic letter 1025:Caesarius of Heisterbach 989:Nativity of Jesus in art 846:Catholic Marian churches 589:Fatima Family Apostolate 579:Our Lady's Rosary Makers 496:Seven Joys of the Virgin 327:Our Lady of Mount Carmel 322:Our Lady of Good Counsel 11503:Christianity portal 10662:Investiture Controversy 10173:Golden Madonna of Essen 9762:Woman of the Apocalypse 8152:Philosophy of canon law 8082:Mariology of the saints 7662:Investiture Controversy 7218:, Queenship Publishing 6359:by Richard Fossey 2004 6221:by Timothy Verdon 2005 6012:Saint Alphonsus Liguori 5875:The image of St Francis 5753:by Matthew Bunson 2008 5669:by Donny Gahral Adian, 5649:by Paul A. Rodell 2001 5475:by Daniel Donovan 1997 5431:The Virgin of Guadalupe 5292:anonymous, 18th century 4395:Golden Madonna of Essen 4151:Our Lady of Schoenstatt 3927:Madonna and five angels 3661:St. Catherine Monastery 3083:Galleries of Marian art 2696:Dormition of the Virgin 1687:hermitage in Warfhuizen 1650:Golden Madonna of Essen 1545:Saint Bridget of Sweden 1181:Other subjects include: 1070:Diversity of Marian art 1062:by the Benedictines of 631:Three Secrets of Fátima 519:Movements and societies 11454:Christian universalism 10845:Western Rite Orthodoxy 10690:Protestant Reformation 10050:Alma Redemptoris Mater 9999:Our Lady of Navigators 9405:Catholic Charities USA 9039:Acta Apostolicae Sedis 9027:Vatican Polyglot Press 8077:Mariology of the popes 7715:Protestant Reformation 7398:Birth of Mary in Art, 7214:Mark Miravalle, 1993, 7000:on the Vatican website 6882:Guiley, Rosemary Ellen 6531:Guiley, Rosemary Ellen 6318:Religions of the World 6025:Acta Apostolicae Sedis 5994:by Lucien Febvre 1979 5492:Janusz Rosikon, 2001, 5381:Timothy Verdon, 2006, 5362:Icon of the Hodegetria 5055:Crowning of the Virgin 5032:Crowning of the Virgin 4832:Assumption into Heaven 4810:, Brazil, 19th century 4661:Resurrection of Christ 4324:Our Lady of Navigators 3952:Geertgen tot Sint Jans 3250:, Russia, 19th century 3152:Philippe de Champaigne 2981: 2962:Protestant Reformation 2860: 2784: 2753: 2658:Munificentissimus Deus 2654:Apostolic Constitution 2637: 2613: 2576: 2525: 2499:Apostolic Constitution 2426: 2387: 2289: 2207: 2116: 2057:Circumcision of Christ 2045: 2013:by the Italian artist 1818: 1788:Our Lady of Navigators 1737:Saint Peter's Basilica 1690: 1641: 1601: 1533: 1531:Geertgen tot Sint Jans 1501: 1457:illuminated manuscript 1346: 1251: 1228:Miguel Bejarano Moreno 1092: 945: 830: 767:Catholicism portal 150:writings of the saints 136:, the writings of the 130:Assumption into Heaven 112:consist of four basic 50: 11539:Catholic spirituality 11112:Anointing of the Sick 10235:Theotokos of Vladimir 9664:Presentation of Jesus 9601:Immaculate Conception 9521:Mary, mother of Jesus 9159:Good Shepherd Sisters 9001:Holy See Press Office 8239:Doctors of the Church 8072:Immaculate Conception 8027:Anointing of the Sick 7562:History of the papacy 7392:Christian Iconography 6955:by Samuel Brunk 1995 6912:Michael Freze, 1993, 6844:University of Dayton 6811:Christopher Rengers, 6636:by Peter Murray 1996 6242:Mesa Folio editions, 5608:Catholic encyclopedia 5017:Martino di Bartolomeo 4777:Immaculate Conception 4759:Immaculate Conception 4741:Immaculate Conception 4722:Immaculate Conception 4703:Immaculate Conception 4688:Immaculate conception 4675:Immaculate Conception 4473:Madonna Altar at the 4414:Virgen de los Ángeles 4382:, dressed for October 4345:Our Lady of Aparecida 4231:Benvenuto di Giovanni 4037:Madonna and Child by 3659:Virgin, 6th century, 3526:Adoration of the Magi 3520:Adoration of the Magi 3284:, ivory, 15th century 3282:Adoration of the Magi 3262:For more images, see 3208:Cestello Annunciation 3118:Mariotto Albertinelli 3047:Immaculate Conception 2971: 2944:called the statue of 2913:Our Lady of Guadalupe 2873:Our Lady of Guadalupe 2842: 2808:Saint James the Great 2778: 2745: 2629: 2601: 2568:Immaculate Conception 2565: 2530:Immaculate Conception 2522:Immaculate Conception 2517: 2424: 2384:Immaculate Conception 2378: 2371:Immaculate Conception 2362:Santa Croce, Florence 2284:Annunciation mosaic, 2283: 2275:Catacomb of Priscilla 2201: 2105: 2097:Finding in the Temple 2039: 2021:, as a symbol of the 1978:is a good example of 1911:Madonna of the Pillar 1807: 1771:Our Lady of Guadalupe 1767:San Juan de los Lagos 1733:Our Lady of Aparecida 1710:Presentation of Jesus 1675: 1633: 1610:The depiction of the 1596: 1552:Adoration of the Magi 1519: 1496: 1386:Adoration of the Magi 1349:Mary's status as the 1329: 1248:Catacomb of Priscilla 1245: 1168:The Assumption in Art 1148:Adoration of the Magi 1077: 958:Immaculate Conception 933: 851:In the 16th century, 842:Catholic Marian music 825: 747:Immaculate Conception 683:Key Marian feast days 501:Seven Sorrows of Mary 434:Mary, Mother of Grace 212:Immaculate Conception 158:Stations of the Cross 126:Immaculate Conception 91:Our Lady of Guadalupe 33: 11433:Nondenominationalism 11306:Role in civilization 10773:Independent Catholic 10715:Relations with Islam 10695:Catholic Reformation 9032:L'Osservatore Romano 8970:Role in civilisation 8696:Croatian and Serbian 8444:Episcopal conference 8406:St. Peter's Basilica 7764:Sexual abuse scandal 7720:Catholic Reformation 7216:Introduction to Mary 6656:by Leslie Ross 1996 6568:by Leslie Ross 1996 6499:15 June 2008 at the 6445:University of Dayton 6403:Schoenstatt Movement 6399:"Father's Shepherds" 6396:Schoenstatt website 6238:Michael Rose, 2004, 6028:5, 1913, pp. 113–117 5590:by John Barber 2008 5249:, Rome, 19th century 4600:Deposition of Christ 3972:Madonna del Granduca 3496:Domenico Ghirlandaio 3481:Gerard van Honthorst 2877:Bernadette Soubirous 2674:Doctor of the Church 2609:ring of twelve stars 2392:Bernard of Clairvaux 2346:Domenico Ghirlandaio 2328:in Rome (1291), the 2157:Deposition of Christ 2137:Crucifixion of Jesus 2089:Northern Renaissance 2023:Schoenstatt Movement 1928:Virgin of Montserrat 1869:Madonna della Strada 1754:Virgin of Copacabana 1654:Virgin of Montserrat 1446:Western Roman Empire 1442:Annunciation to Mary 1411:above other humans. 1378:Santa Maria Maggiore 1260:crypt of Saint Peter 900:Santa Maria Maggiore 888:Santa Maria Maggiore 884:Santa Maria Maggiore 574:Mariological Society 556:Schoenstatt Movement 526:Sodality of Our Lady 481:Consecration to Mary 470:Devotional practices 317:Mother of the Church 264:Devotional practices 11479:Unlimited atonement 11464:Cultural Christians 10903:Jehovah's Witnesses 10525:Sermon on the Mount 10454:Christian tradition 10381:Lists of Christians 10217:Madonna del Rosario 10121:Maria mater gratiae 10097:Sub tuum praesidium 10055:Ave Regina caelorum 10009:Our Lady of Victory 10004:Our Lady of Sorrows 9647:Virginal motherhood 9621:Perpetual virginity 9367:Neocatechumenal Way 9332:Charismatic Renewal 9046:Annuario Pontificio 8644:Particular churches 8320:Ecumenical councils 8092:Perpetual virginity 7927:Communitas perfecta 7871:Sermon on the Mount 7177:by C. W. McPherson 7078:by Ernst Benz 2009 7031:Mary in Western art 6890:Infobase Publishing 6494:Liturgy of St James 6483:Liturgy of St Cyril 6219:Mary in Western Art 5544:Shrines of Our Lady 5383:Mary in Western Art 5307:Our Lady of Lourdes 5289:Virgin of Guadalupe 4647:Basilica, 1310–1329 4376:Our Lady of Sorrows 4172:Queen of the Angels 4055:Our Lady of Rokitno 3598:Gentile da Fabriano 3102:Perpetual virginity 3024:Our Lady of Lourdes 2932:Our Lady of Lourdes 2881:Our Lady of Lourdes 2814:with the new title 2747:Salus Populi Romani 2710:Death of the Virgin 2700:Death of the Virgin 2491:dogmatic definition 2459:were very popular. 2438:Tridentine calendar 2350:Santa Maria Novella 2194:Perpetual virginity 2141:John the Evangelist 2081:Virgin of the Rocks 1852:San Sisto, Piacenza 1832:Domenico di Bartolo 1827:Madonna of humility 1722:Our Lady of Sorrows 1698:Our Lady of Sorrows 1678:Our Lady of Sorrows 1637:enthroned Madonna, 1567:virginal conception 1414:At this period the 1292:Santa Maria Antiqua 1193:Madonna of humility 1086:Domenico di Bartolo 1081:Madonna of humility 954:Our Lady of Lourdes 909:Another example is 880:Salus Populi Romani 827:Salus Populi Romani 444:Sub tuum praesidium 365:(Refuge of Sinners) 363:Refugium Peccatorum 337:Our Lady of Victory 332:Our Lady of Sorrows 118:Perpetual virginity 11544:Virgin Mary in art 11534:Catholic Mariology 11324:Crusading movement 10592:Ante-Nicene period 10258:Life of the Virgin 9974:Life-giving Spring 9964:Help of Christians 9674:Return to Nazareth 9616:Marriage to Joseph 9204:Premonstratensians 7587:Ante-Nicene period 7465:Lists of Catholics 6731:2011-05-29 at the 6450:2012-05-09 at the 6285:2008-06-11 at the 6198:by Erik Thun 2003 5262:Apparition to St. 5208:The Virgin Giving 4823:Gregorio Fernández 4116:Virgin of the Host 3907:Magnificat Madonna 3725:Madonna and Angels 3372:Gregorio Fernández 3077:Assumption of Mary 3055:Assumption of Mary 3040:Our Lady of Fatima 3038:on the statues of 2982: 2972:The use of Marian 2946:Our Lady of Fatima 2897:Our Lady of Fatima 2861: 2857:St. Peter's Square 2845:Our Lady of Fatima 2785: 2754: 2638: 2616:Assumption of Mary 2597:Arte de la Pintura 2577: 2526: 2427: 2388: 2290: 2208: 2181:Life of the Virgin 2165:Ascension of Jesus 2117: 2050:Life of the Virgin 2046: 1874:Church of the Gesu 1819: 1726:Our Lady of Kibeho 1691: 1689:, the Netherlands. 1642: 1602: 1534: 1502: 1433:Life of the Virgin 1355:Council of Ephesus 1347: 1252: 1202:Stabat Mater (art) 1128:Life of the Virgin 1093: 946: 831: 476:Acts of Reparation 146:Marian apparitions 134:Biblical scripture 110:Catholic Mariology 71:Life of the Virgin 51: 49:are also depicted. 43:Archangels Michael 37:, an icon of the 11521: 11520: 11487: 11486: 11415:Charta Oecumenica 10925: 10924: 10915:Iglesia ni Cristo 10730: 10729: 10710:French Revolution 10700:Thirty Years' War 10572:Apostolic fathers 10540:Great Commandment 10311: 10310: 10275: 10274: 10271: 10270: 10179:The Golden Virgin 9899:Catholic churches 9871: 9870: 9790: 9789: 9669:Flight into Egypt 9659:Nativity of Jesus 9566:Brothers of Jesus 9487: 9486: 8897: 8896: 8290: 8113: 8112: 7805: 7782: 7781: 7774:COVID-19 pandemic 7744:French Revolution 7734:Thirty Years' War 7642:Islamic conquests 7555:Apostolic fathers 7490: 7372:The Black Madonna 7370:Gustafson, Fred. 7224:978-1-882972-06-7 6916:, OSV Publishing 5980:978-1-57918-355-4 5791:China's Catholics 5551:978-0-312-19503-8 5501:978-0-89870-849-3 5459:978-0-8245-1760-1 5390:978-0-9712981-9-4 5269:Lodovico Carracci 5073:Enthroned Madonna 5070:Gregorio di Cecco 4641:Pietro Lorenzetti 4495:Haskovo, Bulgaria 4361:Our Lady of Saúde 4026:Post 16th century 4021:Post 16th century 3891:Leonardo da Vinci 3843:Madonna and Child 3803:Taddeo di Bartolo 3681:, Greece, pre-870 3637:Madonna paintings 3466:Gaudenzio Ferrari 3264:Salome (disciple) 2853:Pope John Paul II 2789:Queenship of Mary 2787:The feast of the 2585:Francisco Pacheco 2468:Bartolomé Murillo 2464:Francisco Pacheco 2302:Leonardo da Vinci 2298:Sandro Botticelli 2241:Archangel Gabriel 2145:Passion of Christ 2131:(before going to 2087:, popular in the 2077:Leonardo da Vinci 2065:Flight into Egypt 1994:Madonna of Bruges 1920:James the Greater 1854:, is now at the 1782:Ocotlán, Tlaxcala 1778:Virgin of Ocotlán 1668:Some key Madonnas 1646:Romanesque period 1522:Nativity at Night 1506:Nativity of Jesus 1483:Nativity of Jesus 1461:Madonna and Child 1424:Eastern Orthodoxy 1308:Leonardo da Vinci 1256:Catacombs of Rome 1224: 1223: 1110:Virgin of Ocotlán 1056:Beuron Art School 1037:Alphonsus Liguori 1021:protective mantle 917:held mass at the 904:Queenship of Mary 873:rules of language 853:Gabriele Paleotti 801: 800: 620: 424:Immaculata prayer 419:Hail Mary of Gold 162:papal initiatives 16:(Redirected from 11551: 11511: 11510: 11501: 11500: 11344:Environmentalism 11294:Church buildings 11196: 11195: 11011:Eastern Orthodox 11006:Eastern Catholic 10918: 10917: 10885:Eastern Catholic 10863:Eastern Orthodox 10751: 10750: 10672:Age of Discovery 10657:East–West Schism 10555:Great Commission 10486: 10485: 10338: 10331: 10324: 10315: 10314: 10299: 10287: 10286: 10151: 10150: 10136:Three Hail Marys 10092:Ave maris stella 9969:Immaculate Heart 9880: 9879: 9801: 9800: 9689:Passion of Jesus 9588: 9587: 9578: 9514: 9507: 9500: 9491: 9490: 9477: 9476: 9467: 9466: 9209:Redemptoristines 9057:Religious orders 8983:Anti-Catholicism 8933:Church buildings 8793:Catholic liturgy 8533:Consecrated life 8391:Apostolic Palace 8358:Synod of Bishops 8294: 8293: 8270: 7876:Ten Commandments 7809: 7808: 7791: 7692:Age of Discovery 7526:Great Commission 7494: 7493: 7478: 7432: 7425: 7418: 7409: 7408: 7292: 7275: 7247: 7233: 7227: 7212: 7206: 7192: 7186: 7172: 7166: 7150: 7144: 7130: 7119: 7113: 7107: 7093: 7087: 7073: 7062: 7048: 7042: 7028: 7022: 7008: 7002: 6998:Ad Caeli Reginam 6993: 6984: 6970: 6964: 6950: 6944: 6930: 6924: 6910: 6904: 6903: 6878: 6869: 6866:Ad Caeli Reginam 6863: 6857: 6854: 6848: 6842: 6836: 6831:Mary H. Allies, 6829: 6823: 6809: 6803: 6798: 6792: 6781: 6775: 6761: 6755: 6741: 6735: 6723: 6717: 6716: 6714: 6713: 6693: 6687: 6682: 6676: 6671: 6665: 6651: 6645: 6631: 6625: 6611: 6605: 6595: 6589: 6583: 6577: 6563: 6557: 6556: 6540: 6527: 6521: 6514: 6508: 6472: 6466: 6460: 6454: 6442: 6436: 6424: 6418: 6417: 6415: 6414: 6394: 6388: 6374: 6368: 6354: 6348: 6335: 6329: 6315: 6309: 6295: 6289: 6277: 6271: 6257: 6251: 6236: 6230: 6216: 6207: 6193: 6187: 6173: 6167: 6153: 6147: 6140: 6134: 6127: 6121: 6108: 6102: 6095: 6089: 6083: 6077: 6071: 6065: 6060: 6054: 6038: 6029: 6021: 6015: 6009: 6003: 5989: 5983: 5972: 5966: 5952: 5946: 5932: 5926: 5912: 5906: 5892: 5886: 5872: 5866: 5852: 5846: 5832: 5826: 5812: 5806: 5788: 5782: 5768: 5762: 5748: 5742: 5728: 5722: 5708: 5702: 5688: 5682: 5664: 5658: 5644: 5638: 5633: 5627: 5616: 5610: 5605: 5599: 5585: 5576: 5562: 5553: 5540: 5534: 5528: 5522: 5509: 5503: 5490: 5484: 5470: 5461: 5448: 5442: 5428: 5419: 5401: 5392: 5379: 5352:Fountain of Life 5337:Marian devotions 5301: 5280: 5258: 5230: 5204: 5177: 5155: 5128: 5113: 5098: 5083: 5066: 5047: 5028: 5013: 4979: 4961: 4947:Andrea del Sarto 4943: 4925: 4907: 4889: 4871: 4853: 4819: 4803: 4788: 4770: 4752: 4734: 4714: 4696: 4656: 4637: 4616: 4595: 4574: 4555: 4539:Marriage at Cana 4534: 4515: 4490:31 metres statue 4485: 4467: 4448: 4425: 4410: 4391: 4372: 4357: 4340: 4319: 4300: 4264: 4242: 4219: 4200: 4192:Pre 15th century 4167: 4146: 4131: 4120:Dominique Ingres 4112: 4093: 4074: 4064: 4050: 4034: 4009: 3988: 3967: 3957: 3942: 3923: 3902: 3881: 3858: 3839: 3827:Throne of Wisdom 3814: 3799: 3778:Naddo Ceccarelli 3774: 3759: 3740: 3721: 3702: 3690: 3671: 3656: 3648:Pre 15th century 3643:Pre 15th century 3624: 3609: 3594: 3579: 3564: 3549: 3534: 3507: 3492: 3477: 3462: 3447: 3432: 3417: 3383: 3368: 3353: 3342:Pedro Berruguete 3338: 3323: 3308: 3293: 3278: 3248:Mikhail Nesterov 3244: 3228:Francesco Albani 3224: 3203: 3182: 3163: 3148: 3129: 3110: 3064:Ad Caeli Reginam 2958:Eastern Orthodox 2937:Ad Caeli Reginam 2885:Lucia dos Santos 2800:Ad Caeli Reginam 2770:John of Damascus 2766:Germain of Paris 2670:John of Damascus 2549:Hortus conclusus 2503:Ineffabilis Deus 2338:Scrovegni Chapel 2322:Pietro Cavallini 2229:Nativity of Mary 2220:Catholic liturgy 2069:John the Baptist 1984:Throne of Wisdom 1899:Dolorosa Madonna 1862:high Renaissance 1579:Nativity of Mary 1528: 1428:High Middle Ages 1238:Early veneration 1122: 1114:Hortus conclusus 985:Pauline Epistles 974:Catholic culture 966:Rosary devotions 890:in Rome by Pope 869:Charles Borromeo 861:silent preaching 814:Silent preaching 810:Marian devotions 793: 786: 779: 765: 764: 750: 742: 734: 726: 718: 710: 702: 694: 658:Miraculous Medal 613: 506:Three Hail Marys 454: 453: 228: 226: 223: 208: 178: 171: 170: 66:Virgin and Child 21: 11559: 11558: 11554: 11553: 11552: 11550: 11549: 11548: 11524: 11523: 11522: 11517: 11495: 11483: 11437: 11392: 11310: 11191: 11185: 11140: 11065:One true church 10921: 10889: 10849: 10738: 10726: 10676: 10633: 10578: 10505:in Christianity 10491: 10477: 10471: 10463: 10422: 10398: 10390: 10347: 10342: 10312: 10307: 10267: 10246: 10199: 10190:Queen of Heaven 10140: 10028: 10014:Star of the Sea 9940: 9867: 9851: 9786: 9768: 9715: 9627: 9579: 9570: 9523: 9518: 9488: 9483: 9461: 9453: 9432: 9415:Relief Services 9381: 9327:Catholic Action 9317:Military orders 9254:Confraternities 9246:of the faithful 9245: 9238: 9060: 9051: 8987: 8893: 8787: 8646: 8638: 8571:Prior, Prioress 8527: 8420: 8416:Vatican Museums 8367: 8300: 8286: 8282: 8278: 8274: 8269: 8263: 8188: 8142:Social teaching 8109: 8048: 7993: 7948:One true church 7912: 7889:Sixtine Vulgate 7885:Official Bible 7799: 7795: 7790: 7778: 7696: 7628: 7573: 7543:Petrine primacy 7486: 7482: 7477: 7469: 7441: 7439:Catholic Church 7436: 7388: 7356:Dupre, Judith. 7353: 7351:Further reading 7272: 7256: 7251: 7250: 7234: 7230: 7213: 7209: 7193: 7189: 7173: 7169: 7151: 7147: 7131: 7122: 7114: 7110: 7094: 7090: 7074: 7065: 7049: 7045: 7029: 7025: 7009: 7005: 6994: 6987: 6971: 6967: 6953:Emiliano Zapata 6951: 6947: 6931: 6927: 6911: 6907: 6900: 6892:. p. 162. 6879: 6872: 6864: 6860: 6855: 6851: 6843: 6839: 6830: 6826: 6810: 6806: 6799: 6795: 6782: 6778: 6762: 6758: 6742: 6738: 6733:Wayback Machine 6724: 6720: 6711: 6709: 6696: 6694: 6690: 6683: 6679: 6672: 6668: 6652: 6648: 6632: 6628: 6612: 6608: 6596: 6592: 6584: 6580: 6564: 6560: 6553: 6528: 6524: 6515: 6511: 6501:Wayback Machine 6473: 6469: 6461: 6457: 6452:Wayback Machine 6443: 6439: 6425: 6421: 6412: 6410: 6397: 6395: 6391: 6375: 6371: 6355: 6351: 6336: 6332: 6316: 6312: 6296: 6292: 6287:Wayback Machine 6278: 6274: 6258: 6254: 6237: 6233: 6217: 6210: 6194: 6190: 6174: 6170: 6154: 6150: 6141: 6137: 6128: 6124: 6109: 6105: 6096: 6092: 6084: 6080: 6072: 6068: 6061: 6057: 6039: 6032: 6022: 6018: 6010: 6006: 5990: 5986: 5973: 5969: 5953: 5949: 5933: 5929: 5913: 5909: 5893: 5889: 5873: 5869: 5853: 5849: 5833: 5829: 5813: 5809: 5789: 5785: 5769: 5765: 5749: 5745: 5729: 5725: 5709: 5705: 5689: 5685: 5665: 5661: 5645: 5641: 5634: 5630: 5617: 5613: 5606: 5602: 5586: 5579: 5563: 5556: 5541: 5537: 5529: 5525: 5510: 5506: 5491: 5487: 5471: 5464: 5449: 5445: 5429: 5422: 5408:Teresa A. Meade 5402: 5395: 5380: 5376: 5371: 5366: 5322: 5315: 5302: 5293: 5281: 5272: 5259: 5250: 5247:Alfonso Balzico 5231: 5222: 5205: 5196: 5178: 5169: 5166:Fra Bartolommeo 5156: 5144: 5135: 5129: 5120: 5117:Pietro Perugino 5114: 5105: 5099: 5090: 5087:Giacomo di Mino 5084: 5075: 5067: 5058: 5048: 5039: 5029: 5020: 5014: 5005:Queen of Heaven 5002: 4995: 4992:Queen of Heaven 4986: 4983:Charles Le Brun 4980: 4971: 4962: 4953: 4944: 4935: 4926: 4917: 4908: 4899: 4890: 4881: 4872: 4863: 4857:Andrea Mantegna 4854: 4842: 4835: 4826: 4820: 4811: 4804: 4795: 4789: 4780: 4771: 4762: 4753: 4744: 4735: 4726: 4715: 4706: 4697: 4685: 4678: 4669: 4657: 4648: 4638: 4629: 4617: 4608: 4596: 4587: 4575: 4566: 4559:Christ and Mary 4556: 4547: 4535: 4526: 4516: 4504: 4497: 4486: 4477: 4475:Milan Cathedral 4468: 4459: 4449: 4440: 4426: 4417: 4411: 4402: 4392: 4383: 4373: 4364: 4358: 4349: 4341: 4332: 4320: 4311: 4301: 4292:Madonna statues 4289: 4286:Madonna statues 4280: 4265: 4256: 4243: 4234: 4220: 4211: 4208:Pietro Perugino 4201: 4189: 4186:Madonna frescos 4180: 4168: 4159: 4147: 4138: 4135:Franz Ittenbach 4132: 4123: 4113: 4104: 4094: 4085: 4075: 4066: 4058: 4051: 4042: 4035: 4023: 4016: 4010: 4001: 3989: 3980: 3968: 3959: 3943: 3934: 3924: 3915: 3903: 3894: 3882: 3873: 3859: 3850: 3840: 3831: 3815: 3806: 3800: 3791:15-16th century 3788: 3786:15-16th century 3781: 3775: 3766: 3763:Giacomo di Mino 3760: 3751: 3741: 3732: 3722: 3713: 3703: 3694: 3691: 3682: 3672: 3663: 3657: 3645: 3640: 3631: 3628:Diego Velázquez 3625: 3616: 3613:Jacopo da Ponte 3610: 3601: 3595: 3586: 3580: 3571: 3565: 3556: 3550: 3541: 3535: 3523: 3514: 3508: 3499: 3493: 3484: 3478: 3469: 3463: 3454: 3448: 3439: 3433: 3424: 3418: 3406: 3399: 3390: 3384: 3375: 3369: 3360: 3354: 3345: 3339: 3330: 3327:Pietro Perugino 3324: 3315: 3309: 3300: 3294: 3285: 3279: 3270:Birth of Christ 3267: 3260: 3251: 3245: 3236: 3225: 3216: 3204: 3195: 3183: 3174: 3171:Pietro Perugino 3164: 3155: 3149: 3140: 3130: 3121: 3111: 3099: 3092: 3085: 3059:Queen of Heaven 3051:Queen of Heaven 2954: 2921:Emiliano Zapata 2893:Francisco Marto 2837: 2828:Queen of Heaven 2804:Catholic Church 2740: 2738:Queen of Heaven 2734: 2732:Queen of Heaven 2624: 2618: 2593:Art of Painting 2581:Diego Velázquez 2573:Diego Velázquez 2557:Piero di Cosimo 2541:Song of Solomon 2537:Tota pulchra es 2519:Piero di Cosimo 2512: 2472:Diego Velázquez 2434:Tridentine Mass 2373: 2249:Nativity scenes 2239:to Mary by the 2196: 2125:Wedding at Cana 2052: 2034: 1948: 1884:Milan Cathedral 1847:Sistine Madonna 1810:Sistine Madonna 1802: 1800:Italy and Spain 1749: 1716:located in the 1670: 1608: 1591: 1491: 1485: 1463:comes from the 1324: 1240: 1197:Virgin of Mercy 1106:Virgin of Mercy 1072: 1060:Gregorian chant 1033:Virgin of Mercy 1029:Virgin of Mercy 1013:Virgin of Mercy 998:Transfiguration 970:Rosary Basilica 950:Marian devotion 865:muta predicatio 820: 806: 797: 759: 754: 753: 745: 737: 729: 721: 713: 705: 697: 689: 685: 675: 674: 616: 609: 599: 598: 551:Marist Brothers 521: 511: 510: 486:First Saturdays 471: 463: 462: 394: 380: 379: 375:Virgin of Mercy 370:Untier of Knots 357:Queen of Poland 347:Queen of Heaven 307:(Mother of God) 299: 289: 288: 239: 229: 224: 219: 198:Catholic Church 195: 144:of the Church, 132:, derived from 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 11557: 11547: 11546: 11541: 11536: 11519: 11518: 11516: 11515: 11505: 11492: 11489: 11488: 11485: 11484: 11482: 11481: 11476: 11471: 11466: 11461: 11456: 11451: 11445: 11443: 11439: 11438: 11436: 11435: 11430: 11429: 11428: 11423: 11418: 11406: 11400: 11398: 11394: 11393: 11391: 11390: 11385: 11380: 11375: 11370: 11361: 11356: 11354:Fundamentalism 11351: 11349:Existentialism 11346: 11341: 11336: 11331: 11326: 11320: 11318: 11312: 11311: 11309: 11308: 11303: 11302: 11301: 11291: 11286: 11281: 11276: 11271: 11266: 11261: 11260: 11259: 11249: 11248: 11247: 11242: 11240:God the Father 11237: 11232: 11227: 11217: 11216: 11215: 11204: 11202: 11193: 11187: 11186: 11184: 11183: 11178: 11173: 11172: 11171: 11161: 11156: 11150: 11148: 11142: 11141: 11139: 11138: 11137: 11136: 11126: 11121: 11120: 11119: 11114: 11109: 11104: 11099: 11094: 11089: 11079: 11078: 11077: 11072: 11067: 11062: 11060:Body of Christ 11057: 11047: 11042: 11037: 11036: 11035: 11025: 11020: 11019: 11018: 11013: 11008: 11003: 10993: 10988: 10983: 10978: 10973: 10968: 10963: 10962: 10961: 10956: 10951: 10946: 10935: 10933: 10927: 10926: 10923: 10922: 10920: 10919: 10910: 10905: 10899: 10897: 10895:Restorationist 10891: 10890: 10888: 10887: 10882: 10877: 10872: 10871: 10870: 10859: 10857: 10851: 10850: 10848: 10847: 10842: 10841: 10840: 10835: 10830: 10825: 10820: 10815: 10810: 10805: 10800: 10795: 10790: 10785: 10775: 10770: 10765: 10759: 10757: 10748: 10732: 10731: 10728: 10727: 10725: 10724: 10723: 10722: 10712: 10707: 10702: 10697: 10692: 10686: 10684: 10678: 10677: 10675: 10674: 10669: 10664: 10659: 10654: 10649: 10643: 10641: 10635: 10634: 10632: 10631: 10626: 10621: 10620: 10619: 10614: 10604: 10599: 10597:Late antiquity 10594: 10588: 10586: 10580: 10579: 10577: 10576: 10575: 10574: 10567:Church fathers 10564: 10559: 10558: 10557: 10552: 10547: 10542: 10537: 10532: 10527: 10522: 10517: 10512: 10507: 10496: 10494: 10483: 10465: 10464: 10462: 10461: 10456: 10451: 10446: 10441: 10436: 10430: 10428: 10424: 10423: 10421: 10420: 10415: 10410: 10404: 10402: 10392: 10391: 10389: 10388: 10383: 10378: 10373: 10368: 10363: 10358: 10352: 10349: 10348: 10341: 10340: 10333: 10326: 10318: 10309: 10308: 10306: 10305: 10293: 10280: 10277: 10276: 10273: 10272: 10269: 10268: 10266: 10265: 10260: 10254: 10252: 10248: 10247: 10245: 10244: 10239: 10238: 10237: 10227: 10222: 10221: 10220: 10207: 10205: 10201: 10200: 10198: 10197: 10192: 10187: 10182: 10175: 10170: 10165: 10159: 10157: 10148: 10142: 10141: 10139: 10138: 10133: 10128: 10123: 10118: 10113: 10112: 10111: 10101: 10100: 10099: 10094: 10089: 10079: 10077:Fátima prayers 10074: 10069: 10068: 10067: 10062: 10057: 10052: 10042: 10036: 10034: 10030: 10029: 10027: 10026: 10021: 10019:Seat of Wisdom 10016: 10011: 10006: 10001: 9996: 9991: 9986: 9976: 9971: 9966: 9961: 9956: 9950: 9948: 9942: 9941: 9939: 9938: 9933: 9928: 9923: 9918: 9917: 9916: 9906: 9901: 9896: 9895: 9894: 9877: 9873: 9872: 9869: 9868: 9866: 9865: 9859: 9857: 9853: 9852: 9850: 9849: 9848: 9847: 9837: 9832: 9831: 9830: 9825: 9815: 9809: 9807: 9798: 9792: 9791: 9788: 9787: 9785: 9784: 9778: 9776: 9770: 9769: 9767: 9766: 9765: 9764: 9754: 9749: 9744: 9743: 9742: 9732: 9726: 9724: 9717: 9716: 9714: 9713: 9708: 9707: 9706: 9701: 9696: 9686: 9681: 9676: 9671: 9666: 9661: 9656: 9651: 9650: 9649: 9638: 9636: 9629: 9628: 9626: 9625: 9624: 9623: 9613: 9608: 9603: 9597: 9595: 9585: 9581: 9580: 9573: 9571: 9569: 9568: 9563: 9558: 9552: 9546: 9540: 9533: 9531: 9525: 9524: 9517: 9516: 9509: 9502: 9494: 9485: 9484: 9482: 9481: 9471: 9458: 9455: 9454: 9452: 9451: 9446: 9441: 9436: 9433: 9427: 9422: 9417: 9412: 9407: 9402: 9397: 9391: 9389: 9383: 9382: 9380: 9379: 9374: 9369: 9364: 9362:Legion of Mary 9359: 9354: 9349: 9344: 9339: 9334: 9329: 9324: 9319: 9314: 9313: 9312: 9311: 9310: 9300: 9299: 9298: 9291:Lay Carmelites 9288: 9278: 9277: 9276: 9271: 9266: 9261: 9250: 9248: 9240: 9239: 9237: 9236: 9231: 9226: 9221: 9216: 9211: 9206: 9201: 9196: 9191: 9186: 9181: 9176: 9171: 9166: 9161: 9156: 9151: 9146: 9141: 9139:Conceptionists 9136: 9131: 9126: 9121: 9116: 9111: 9106: 9101: 9096: 9091: 9086: 9081: 9076: 9074:Assumptionists 9070: 9068: 9053: 9052: 9050: 9049: 9042: 9035: 9028: 9025: 9024: 9023: 9018: 9013: 9003: 8997: 8995: 8989: 8988: 8986: 8985: 8980: 8975: 8972: 8967: 8962: 8957: 8952: 8947: 8942: 8941: 8940: 8930: 8925: 8920: 8919: 8918: 8907: 8905: 8899: 8898: 8895: 8894: 8892: 8891: 8890: 8889: 8888: 8887: 8882: 8877: 8872: 8862: 8857: 8852: 8842: 8841: 8840: 8839: 8838: 8828: 8823: 8818: 8813: 8808: 8797: 8795: 8789: 8788: 8786: 8785: 8784: 8783: 8778: 8776:Syro-Malankara 8773: 8768: 8763: 8758: 8753: 8748: 8743: 8738: 8733: 8728: 8726:Italo-Albanian 8723: 8718: 8713: 8708: 8703: 8698: 8693: 8688: 8683: 8678: 8673: 8668: 8658: 8652: 8650: 8640: 8639: 8637: 8636: 8635: 8634: 8629: 8624: 8614: 8609: 8608: 8607: 8597: 8596: 8595: 8590: 8580: 8575: 8574: 8573: 8568: 8563: 8558: 8544: 8537: 8535: 8529: 8528: 8526: 8525: 8520: 8515: 8510: 8509: 8508: 8503: 8498: 8493: 8488: 8483: 8478: 8473: 8468: 8463: 8453: 8452: 8451: 8446: 8435: 8433: 8422: 8421: 8419: 8418: 8413: 8408: 8403: 8398: 8396:Lateran Treaty 8393: 8388: 8383: 8377: 8375: 8369: 8368: 8366: 8365: 8360: 8355: 8354: 8353: 8343: 8342: 8341: 8336: 8322: 8317: 8308: 8306: 8291: 8265: 8264: 8262: 8261: 8256: 8251: 8246: 8241: 8236: 8231: 8226: 8221: 8216: 8215: 8214: 8209: 8198: 8196: 8190: 8189: 8187: 8186: 8185: 8184: 8179: 8169: 8168: 8167: 8157: 8154: 8149: 8144: 8139: 8134: 8132:Moral theology 8129: 8123: 8121: 8115: 8114: 8111: 8110: 8108: 8107: 8102: 8099: 8094: 8089: 8084: 8079: 8074: 8069: 8064: 8058: 8056: 8050: 8049: 8047: 8046: 8041: 8036: 8035: 8034: 8024: 8019: 8014: 8009: 8003: 8001: 7995: 7994: 7992: 7991: 7986: 7979: 7974: 7969: 7962: 7957: 7956: 7955: 7950: 7940: 7935: 7930: 7922: 7920: 7914: 7913: 7911: 7910: 7905: 7904: 7903: 7896: 7891: 7883: 7878: 7873: 7868: 7863: 7858: 7853: 7848: 7843: 7838: 7833: 7832: 7831: 7826: 7815: 7813: 7806: 7784: 7783: 7780: 7779: 7777: 7776: 7771: 7766: 7761: 7756: 7751: 7746: 7741: 7736: 7731: 7730: 7729: 7728: 7727: 7717: 7706: 7704: 7698: 7697: 7695: 7694: 7689: 7684: 7679: 7674: 7669: 7664: 7659: 7654: 7649: 7647:Pope Gregory I 7644: 7638: 7636: 7630: 7629: 7627: 7626: 7621: 7619:Biblical canon 7616: 7614:Late antiquity 7611: 7610: 7609: 7604: 7594: 7589: 7583: 7581: 7575: 7574: 7572: 7571: 7570: 7569: 7559: 7558: 7557: 7550:Church fathers 7547: 7546: 7545: 7540: 7530: 7529: 7528: 7523: 7518: 7513: 7502: 7500: 7491: 7484:Ecclesiastical 7471: 7470: 7468: 7467: 7462: 7457: 7452: 7446: 7443: 7442: 7435: 7434: 7427: 7420: 7412: 7406: 7405: 7400:All About Mary 7395: 7387: 7386:External links 7384: 7383: 7382: 7368: 7352: 7349: 7348: 7347: 7336: 7325: 7314: 7304: 7293: 7276: 7270: 7255: 7252: 7249: 7248: 7228: 7207: 7187: 7167: 7145: 7120: 7108: 7088: 7063: 7043: 7023: 7003: 6985: 6965: 6945: 6933:Secular ritual 6925: 6905: 6898: 6870: 6858: 6849: 6837: 6824: 6804: 6793: 6776: 6756: 6736: 6726:The whole text 6718: 6702:All About Mary 6688: 6677: 6666: 6646: 6626: 6606: 6590: 6578: 6558: 6551: 6522: 6509: 6488:2012-05-09 at 6467: 6455: 6437: 6432:2012-06-29 at 6419: 6389: 6369: 6349: 6330: 6310: 6290: 6272: 6252: 6231: 6208: 6188: 6168: 6148: 6135: 6122: 6103: 6090: 6078: 6066: 6055: 6030: 6016: 6004: 5984: 5967: 5947: 5927: 5907: 5887: 5867: 5847: 5827: 5807: 5795:Richard Madsen 5783: 5763: 5743: 5723: 5703: 5683: 5659: 5639: 5628: 5611: 5600: 5577: 5554: 5535: 5523: 5504: 5485: 5462: 5443: 5420: 5393: 5373: 5372: 5370: 5367: 5365: 5364: 5359: 5354: 5349: 5344: 5339: 5334: 5329: 5323: 5321: 5318: 5317: 5316: 5303: 5296: 5294: 5285:Eternal Father 5282: 5275: 5273: 5260: 5253: 5251: 5233:Statue of the 5232: 5225: 5223: 5206: 5199: 5197: 5195:, 17th century 5179: 5172: 5170: 5159:The Vision of 5157: 5150: 5148: 5143: 5138: 5137: 5136: 5134:, 17th century 5130: 5123: 5121: 5115: 5108: 5106: 5100: 5093: 5091: 5085: 5078: 5076: 5068: 5061: 5059: 5049: 5042: 5040: 5038:, 17th century 5030: 5023: 5021: 5015: 5008: 5006: 4994: 4989: 4988: 4987: 4981: 4974: 4972: 4970:, 17th century 4963: 4956: 4954: 4945: 4938: 4936: 4927: 4920: 4918: 4909: 4902: 4900: 4891: 4884: 4882: 4873: 4866: 4864: 4855: 4848: 4846: 4834: 4829: 4828: 4827: 4825:, 17th century 4821: 4814: 4812: 4805: 4798: 4796: 4790: 4783: 4781: 4772: 4765: 4763: 4754: 4747: 4745: 4736: 4729: 4727: 4716: 4709: 4707: 4698: 4691: 4689: 4677: 4672: 4671: 4670: 4658: 4651: 4649: 4639: 4632: 4630: 4618: 4611: 4609: 4597: 4590: 4588: 4576: 4569: 4567: 4565:, 16th century 4557: 4550: 4548: 4536: 4529: 4527: 4517: 4510: 4508: 4503: 4500: 4499: 4498: 4487: 4480: 4478: 4469: 4462: 4460: 4450: 4443: 4441: 4427: 4420: 4418: 4412: 4405: 4403: 4393: 4386: 4384: 4374: 4367: 4365: 4359: 4352: 4350: 4342: 4335: 4333: 4321: 4314: 4312: 4302: 4295: 4293: 4288: 4283: 4282: 4281: 4279:, late 15th c. 4266: 4259: 4257: 4244: 4237: 4235: 4221: 4214: 4212: 4202: 4195: 4193: 4188: 4183: 4182: 4181: 4169: 4162: 4160: 4148: 4141: 4139: 4133: 4126: 4124: 4114: 4107: 4105: 4095: 4088: 4086: 4076: 4069: 4067: 4065:, Poland, 1671 4052: 4045: 4043: 4041:, 17th century 4036: 4029: 4027: 4022: 4019: 4018: 4017: 4011: 4004: 4002: 3990: 3983: 3981: 3969: 3962: 3960: 3944: 3937: 3935: 3925: 3918: 3916: 3904: 3897: 3895: 3886:Benois Madonna 3883: 3876: 3874: 3864:God the Father 3862:Madonna, with 3860: 3853: 3851: 3841: 3834: 3832: 3816: 3809: 3807: 3801: 3794: 3792: 3787: 3784: 3783: 3782: 3776: 3769: 3767: 3761: 3754: 3752: 3742: 3735: 3733: 3723: 3716: 3714: 3704: 3697: 3695: 3692: 3685: 3683: 3673: 3666: 3664: 3658: 3651: 3649: 3644: 3641: 3639: 3634: 3633: 3632: 3626: 3619: 3617: 3611: 3604: 3602: 3596: 3589: 3587: 3585:, 17th century 3581: 3574: 3572: 3566: 3559: 3557: 3551: 3544: 3542: 3536: 3529: 3527: 3522: 3517: 3516: 3515: 3509: 3502: 3500: 3494: 3487: 3485: 3479: 3472: 3470: 3464: 3457: 3455: 3449: 3442: 3440: 3438:, 16th century 3434: 3427: 3425: 3423:, 16th century 3419: 3412: 3410: 3398: 3393: 3392: 3391: 3385: 3378: 3376: 3370: 3363: 3361: 3355: 3348: 3346: 3344:, 15th century 3340: 3333: 3331: 3329:, 15th century 3325: 3318: 3316: 3310: 3303: 3301: 3295: 3288: 3286: 3280: 3273: 3271: 3259: 3257:Birth of Jesus 3254: 3253: 3252: 3246: 3239: 3237: 3226: 3219: 3217: 3205: 3198: 3196: 3184: 3177: 3175: 3165: 3158: 3156: 3150: 3143: 3141: 3131: 3124: 3122: 3120:, 15th century 3112: 3105: 3103: 3091: 3086: 3084: 3081: 3036:Brown Scapular 2978:Brown Scapular 2953: 2950: 2917:Miguel Hidalgo 2843:The statue of 2836: 2833: 2736:Main article: 2733: 2730: 2689:Pope Sergius I 2620:Main article: 2617: 2614: 2511: 2508: 2470:(especially), 2400:Thomas Aquinas 2372: 2369: 2206:, 15th century 2204:Pantheon, Rome 2195: 2192: 2187:Life of Christ 2048:Main article: 2044:, 16th century 2033: 2030: 2029: 2028: 2027: 2026: 2005: 1987: 1960:Dutch painter 1958: 1947: 1944: 1943: 1942: 1941: 1940: 1923: 1907: 1891: 1880: 1865: 1839: 1801: 1798: 1794: 1793: 1792: 1791: 1785: 1774: 1748: 1745: 1669: 1666: 1604:Main article: 1590: 1587: 1487:Main article: 1484: 1481: 1323: 1320: 1276:Edict of Milan 1239: 1236: 1222: 1221: 1219: 1218: 1217: 1216: 1215: 1209: 1204: 1199: 1183: 1182: 1178: 1177: 1176: 1175: 1170: 1165: 1160: 1155: 1150: 1145: 1140: 1132: 1131: 1071: 1068: 1064:Solesmes Abbey 835:Late antiquity 805: 802: 799: 798: 796: 795: 788: 781: 773: 770: 769: 756: 755: 752: 751: 743: 735: 733:(12 September) 727: 719: 711: 703: 695: 686: 681: 680: 677: 676: 673: 672: 671: 670: 660: 655: 650: 645: 640: 635: 634: 633: 622: 621: 610: 605: 604: 601: 600: 597: 596: 591: 586: 581: 576: 571: 563: 561:Legion of Mary 558: 553: 548: 546:Marist Fathers 543: 538: 533: 528: 522: 517: 516: 513: 512: 509: 508: 503: 498: 493: 488: 483: 478: 472: 469: 468: 465: 464: 461: 460: 447: 446: 441: 436: 431: 426: 421: 416: 411: 406: 404:Fátima prayers 401: 395: 386: 385: 382: 381: 378: 377: 372: 367: 359: 354: 352:Queen of Peace 349: 344: 339: 334: 329: 324: 319: 314: 309: 300: 297:Titles of Mary 295: 294: 291: 290: 287: 286: 281: 276: 271: 266: 261: 256: 251: 246: 240: 235: 234: 231: 230: 209: 201: 200: 189: 188: 180: 179: 138:Church Fathers 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 11556: 11545: 11542: 11540: 11537: 11535: 11532: 11531: 11529: 11514: 11506: 11504: 11499: 11494: 11493: 11490: 11480: 11477: 11475: 11472: 11470: 11467: 11465: 11462: 11460: 11457: 11455: 11452: 11450: 11447: 11446: 11444: 11440: 11434: 11431: 11427: 11424: 11422: 11419: 11417: 11416: 11412: 11411: 11410: 11407: 11405: 11402: 11401: 11399: 11395: 11389: 11386: 11384: 11381: 11379: 11376: 11374: 11371: 11369: 11365: 11362: 11360: 11357: 11355: 11352: 11350: 11347: 11345: 11342: 11340: 11337: 11335: 11332: 11330: 11327: 11325: 11322: 11321: 11319: 11317: 11313: 11307: 11304: 11300: 11297: 11296: 11295: 11292: 11290: 11289:Popular piety 11287: 11285: 11282: 11280: 11277: 11275: 11272: 11270: 11267: 11265: 11262: 11258: 11255: 11254: 11253: 11250: 11246: 11243: 11241: 11238: 11236: 11233: 11231: 11228: 11226: 11223: 11222: 11221: 11218: 11214: 11211: 11210: 11209: 11206: 11205: 11203: 11201: 11197: 11194: 11188: 11182: 11179: 11177: 11174: 11170: 11167: 11166: 11165: 11162: 11160: 11157: 11155: 11152: 11151: 11149: 11147: 11143: 11135: 11132: 11131: 11130: 11127: 11125: 11122: 11118: 11115: 11113: 11110: 11108: 11105: 11103: 11100: 11098: 11095: 11093: 11090: 11088: 11085: 11084: 11083: 11080: 11076: 11073: 11071: 11070:People of God 11068: 11066: 11063: 11061: 11058: 11056: 11053: 11052: 11051: 11048: 11046: 11043: 11041: 11038: 11034: 11031: 11030: 11029: 11026: 11024: 11021: 11017: 11014: 11012: 11009: 11007: 11004: 11002: 10999: 10998: 10997: 10994: 10992: 10989: 10987: 10984: 10982: 10979: 10977: 10974: 10972: 10969: 10967: 10964: 10960: 10957: 10955: 10952: 10950: 10947: 10945: 10942: 10941: 10940: 10937: 10936: 10934: 10932: 10928: 10916: 10911: 10909: 10906: 10904: 10901: 10900: 10898: 10896: 10892: 10886: 10883: 10881: 10878: 10876: 10873: 10869: 10866: 10865: 10864: 10861: 10860: 10858: 10856: 10852: 10846: 10843: 10839: 10836: 10834: 10831: 10829: 10826: 10824: 10821: 10819: 10816: 10814: 10811: 10809: 10806: 10804: 10801: 10799: 10796: 10794: 10791: 10789: 10786: 10784: 10781: 10780: 10779: 10776: 10774: 10771: 10769: 10766: 10764: 10761: 10760: 10758: 10756: 10752: 10749: 10746: 10742: 10737: 10736:Denominations 10733: 10721: 10718: 10717: 10716: 10713: 10711: 10708: 10706: 10705:Enlightenment 10703: 10701: 10698: 10696: 10693: 10691: 10688: 10687: 10685: 10683: 10679: 10673: 10670: 10668: 10665: 10663: 10660: 10658: 10655: 10653: 10650: 10648: 10645: 10644: 10642: 10640: 10636: 10630: 10627: 10625: 10622: 10618: 10615: 10613: 10610: 10609: 10608: 10605: 10603: 10600: 10598: 10595: 10593: 10590: 10589: 10587: 10585: 10581: 10573: 10570: 10569: 10568: 10565: 10563: 10560: 10556: 10553: 10551: 10548: 10546: 10543: 10541: 10538: 10536: 10533: 10531: 10528: 10526: 10523: 10521: 10518: 10516: 10513: 10511: 10508: 10506: 10503: 10502: 10501: 10498: 10497: 10495: 10493: 10487: 10484: 10481: 10475: 10470: 10466: 10460: 10457: 10455: 10452: 10450: 10447: 10445: 10442: 10440: 10437: 10435: 10432: 10431: 10429: 10425: 10419: 10418:New Testament 10416: 10414: 10413:Old Testament 10411: 10409: 10406: 10405: 10403: 10401: 10397: 10393: 10387: 10384: 10382: 10379: 10377: 10374: 10372: 10369: 10367: 10364: 10362: 10359: 10357: 10354: 10353: 10350: 10346: 10339: 10334: 10332: 10327: 10325: 10320: 10319: 10316: 10304: 10303: 10302:Saints Portal 10298: 10294: 10292: 10291: 10282: 10281: 10278: 10264: 10261: 10259: 10256: 10255: 10253: 10249: 10243: 10240: 10236: 10233: 10232: 10231: 10228: 10226: 10223: 10219: 10218: 10214: 10213: 10212: 10211:Agiosoritissa 10209: 10208: 10206: 10202: 10196: 10193: 10191: 10188: 10186: 10183: 10181: 10180: 10176: 10174: 10171: 10169: 10168:Black Madonna 10166: 10164: 10161: 10160: 10158: 10156: 10152: 10149: 10147: 10143: 10137: 10134: 10132: 10129: 10127: 10124: 10122: 10119: 10117: 10114: 10110: 10107: 10106: 10105: 10102: 10098: 10095: 10093: 10090: 10088: 10085: 10084: 10083: 10080: 10078: 10075: 10073: 10070: 10066: 10063: 10061: 10058: 10056: 10053: 10051: 10048: 10047: 10046: 10043: 10041: 10038: 10037: 10035: 10031: 10025: 10022: 10020: 10017: 10015: 10012: 10010: 10007: 10005: 10002: 10000: 9997: 9995: 9992: 9990: 9987: 9984: 9983:of all graces 9980: 9977: 9975: 9972: 9970: 9967: 9965: 9962: 9960: 9957: 9955: 9952: 9951: 9949: 9947: 9943: 9937: 9934: 9932: 9929: 9927: 9924: 9922: 9919: 9915: 9912: 9911: 9910: 9907: 9905: 9902: 9900: 9897: 9893: 9890: 9889: 9888: 9885: 9884: 9881: 9878: 9874: 9864: 9861: 9860: 9858: 9854: 9846: 9843: 9842: 9841: 9838: 9836: 9833: 9829: 9826: 9824: 9821: 9820: 9819: 9816: 9814: 9811: 9810: 9808: 9806: 9802: 9799: 9797: 9793: 9783: 9780: 9779: 9777: 9775: 9771: 9763: 9760: 9759: 9758: 9755: 9753: 9750: 9748: 9745: 9741: 9738: 9737: 9736: 9733: 9731: 9728: 9727: 9725: 9722: 9718: 9712: 9709: 9705: 9702: 9700: 9697: 9695: 9692: 9691: 9690: 9687: 9685: 9682: 9680: 9677: 9675: 9672: 9670: 9667: 9665: 9662: 9660: 9657: 9655: 9652: 9648: 9645: 9644: 9643: 9640: 9639: 9637: 9635: 9630: 9622: 9619: 9618: 9617: 9614: 9612: 9609: 9607: 9604: 9602: 9599: 9598: 9596: 9593: 9589: 9586: 9582: 9577: 9567: 9564: 9562: 9559: 9556: 9553: 9550: 9547: 9544: 9541: 9538: 9535: 9534: 9532: 9530: 9526: 9522: 9515: 9510: 9508: 9503: 9501: 9496: 9495: 9492: 9480: 9472: 9470: 9465: 9460: 9459: 9456: 9450: 9447: 9445: 9442: 9440: 9437: 9434: 9431: 9428: 9426: 9423: 9421: 9418: 9416: 9413: 9411: 9410:Home Missions 9408: 9406: 9403: 9401: 9398: 9396: 9393: 9392: 9390: 9388: 9384: 9378: 9375: 9373: 9370: 9368: 9365: 9363: 9360: 9358: 9355: 9353: 9350: 9348: 9345: 9343: 9340: 9338: 9335: 9333: 9330: 9328: 9325: 9323: 9320: 9318: 9315: 9309: 9306: 9305: 9304: 9303:Saint Francis 9301: 9297: 9294: 9293: 9292: 9289: 9287: 9286:Saint Dominic 9284: 9283: 9282: 9279: 9275: 9272: 9270: 9267: 9265: 9262: 9260: 9257: 9256: 9255: 9252: 9251: 9249: 9247: 9241: 9235: 9232: 9230: 9227: 9225: 9222: 9220: 9217: 9215: 9212: 9210: 9207: 9205: 9202: 9200: 9197: 9195: 9192: 9190: 9187: 9185: 9182: 9180: 9177: 9175: 9172: 9170: 9167: 9165: 9162: 9160: 9157: 9155: 9152: 9150: 9147: 9145: 9142: 9140: 9137: 9135: 9132: 9130: 9127: 9125: 9122: 9120: 9117: 9115: 9112: 9110: 9107: 9105: 9102: 9100: 9099:Bethlehemites 9097: 9095: 9092: 9090: 9087: 9085: 9082: 9080: 9077: 9075: 9072: 9071: 9069: 9067: 9063: 9058: 9054: 9048: 9047: 9043: 9041: 9040: 9036: 9034: 9033: 9029: 9026: 9022: 9021:Vatican Radio 9019: 9017: 9014: 9012: 9009: 9008: 9007: 9006:Vatican Media 9004: 9002: 8999: 8998: 8996: 8994: 8990: 8984: 8981: 8979: 8976: 8973: 8971: 8968: 8966: 8963: 8961: 8958: 8956: 8953: 8951: 8948: 8946: 8943: 8939: 8936: 8935: 8934: 8931: 8929: 8926: 8924: 8921: 8917: 8914: 8913: 8912: 8909: 8908: 8906: 8904: 8900: 8886: 8883: 8881: 8878: 8876: 8873: 8871: 8868: 8867: 8866: 8863: 8861: 8858: 8856: 8853: 8851: 8848: 8847: 8846: 8843: 8837: 8834: 8833: 8832: 8829: 8827: 8824: 8822: 8819: 8817: 8814: 8812: 8809: 8807: 8804: 8803: 8802: 8799: 8798: 8796: 8794: 8790: 8782: 8779: 8777: 8774: 8772: 8769: 8767: 8764: 8762: 8759: 8757: 8754: 8752: 8749: 8747: 8744: 8742: 8739: 8737: 8734: 8732: 8729: 8727: 8724: 8722: 8719: 8717: 8714: 8712: 8709: 8707: 8704: 8702: 8699: 8697: 8694: 8692: 8689: 8687: 8684: 8682: 8679: 8677: 8674: 8672: 8669: 8667: 8664: 8663: 8662: 8659: 8657: 8654: 8653: 8651: 8649: 8645: 8641: 8633: 8630: 8628: 8625: 8623: 8620: 8619: 8618: 8615: 8613: 8610: 8606: 8603: 8602: 8601: 8598: 8594: 8591: 8589: 8586: 8585: 8584: 8581: 8579: 8576: 8572: 8569: 8567: 8564: 8562: 8559: 8557: 8553: 8550: 8549: 8548: 8545: 8542: 8539: 8538: 8536: 8534: 8530: 8524: 8521: 8519: 8516: 8514: 8511: 8507: 8504: 8502: 8499: 8497: 8494: 8492: 8489: 8487: 8484: 8482: 8479: 8477: 8474: 8472: 8469: 8467: 8464: 8462: 8459: 8458: 8457: 8454: 8450: 8447: 8445: 8442: 8441: 8440: 8437: 8436: 8434: 8431: 8427: 8423: 8417: 8414: 8412: 8409: 8407: 8404: 8402: 8399: 8397: 8394: 8392: 8389: 8387: 8384: 8382: 8379: 8378: 8376: 8374: 8370: 8364: 8361: 8359: 8356: 8352: 8349: 8348: 8347: 8344: 8340: 8337: 8335: 8332: 8331: 8330: 8326: 8323: 8321: 8318: 8316: 8313: 8310: 8309: 8307: 8304: 8303:List of popes 8299: 8295: 8292: 8289: 8285: 8281: 8277: 8273: 8266: 8260: 8257: 8255: 8252: 8250: 8247: 8245: 8242: 8240: 8237: 8235: 8232: 8230: 8227: 8225: 8222: 8220: 8217: 8213: 8210: 8208: 8205: 8204: 8203: 8200: 8199: 8197: 8195: 8191: 8183: 8180: 8178: 8175: 8174: 8173: 8170: 8166: 8163: 8162: 8161: 8158: 8155: 8153: 8150: 8148: 8145: 8143: 8140: 8138: 8135: 8133: 8130: 8128: 8125: 8124: 8122: 8120: 8116: 8106: 8103: 8100: 8098: 8095: 8093: 8090: 8088: 8087:Mother of God 8085: 8083: 8080: 8078: 8075: 8073: 8070: 8068: 8065: 8063: 8060: 8059: 8057: 8055: 8051: 8045: 8042: 8040: 8037: 8033: 8030: 8029: 8028: 8025: 8023: 8020: 8018: 8015: 8013: 8010: 8008: 8005: 8004: 8002: 8000: 7996: 7990: 7987: 7985: 7984: 7980: 7978: 7975: 7973: 7972:People of God 7970: 7968: 7967: 7963: 7961: 7960:Infallibility 7958: 7954: 7951: 7949: 7946: 7945: 7944: 7941: 7939: 7936: 7934: 7931: 7929: 7928: 7924: 7923: 7921: 7919: 7915: 7909: 7906: 7902: 7901: 7897: 7895: 7892: 7890: 7887: 7886: 7884: 7882: 7879: 7877: 7874: 7872: 7869: 7867: 7864: 7862: 7859: 7857: 7854: 7852: 7849: 7847: 7844: 7842: 7839: 7837: 7836:Body and soul 7834: 7830: 7827: 7825: 7822: 7821: 7820: 7817: 7816: 7814: 7810: 7807: 7804: 7803: 7798: 7794: 7789: 7785: 7775: 7772: 7770: 7767: 7765: 7762: 7760: 7757: 7755: 7752: 7750: 7747: 7745: 7742: 7740: 7739:Enlightenment 7737: 7735: 7732: 7726: 7723: 7722: 7721: 7718: 7716: 7713: 7712: 7711: 7710:Protestantism 7708: 7707: 7705: 7703: 7699: 7693: 7690: 7688: 7687:Scholasticism 7685: 7683: 7680: 7678: 7675: 7673: 7672:Schism (1378) 7670: 7668: 7665: 7663: 7660: 7658: 7657:Schism (1054) 7655: 7653: 7650: 7648: 7645: 7643: 7640: 7639: 7637: 7635: 7631: 7625: 7622: 7620: 7617: 7615: 7612: 7608: 7605: 7603: 7600: 7599: 7598: 7595: 7593: 7590: 7588: 7585: 7584: 7582: 7580: 7576: 7568: 7565: 7564: 7563: 7560: 7556: 7553: 7552: 7551: 7548: 7544: 7541: 7539: 7536: 7535: 7534: 7531: 7527: 7524: 7522: 7519: 7517: 7514: 7512: 7509: 7508: 7507: 7504: 7503: 7501: 7499: 7495: 7492: 7489: 7485: 7481: 7476: 7472: 7466: 7463: 7461: 7458: 7456: 7453: 7451: 7448: 7447: 7444: 7440: 7433: 7428: 7426: 7421: 7419: 7414: 7413: 7410: 7402: 7401: 7396: 7393: 7390: 7389: 7381: 7380:3-85630-720-6 7377: 7373: 7369: 7367: 7366:1-4000-6585-2 7363: 7359: 7355: 7354: 7345: 7344:0-500-20004-1 7341: 7337: 7334: 7333:0-600-35840-2 7330: 7326: 7323: 7322:0-500-20024-6 7319: 7315: 7313: 7312:0-674-54815-9 7309: 7305: 7302: 7301:0-500-20019-X 7298: 7294: 7290: 7286: 7282: 7277: 7273: 7271:9788822217899 7267: 7263: 7258: 7257: 7245: 7244:0-86012-257-3 7241: 7237: 7232: 7225: 7221: 7217: 7211: 7204: 7203:0-8160-6141-6 7200: 7196: 7191: 7184: 7183:0-8192-1910-X 7180: 7176: 7171: 7164: 7163:0-252-07551-X 7160: 7156: 7155: 7149: 7142: 7141:0-9745618-0-0 7138: 7134: 7129: 7127: 7125: 7117: 7112: 7105: 7104:963-9241-61-X 7101: 7097: 7092: 7085: 7084:0-202-36298-1 7081: 7077: 7072: 7070: 7068: 7060: 7059:0-19-280328-X 7056: 7052: 7051:Christian art 7047: 7040: 7039:0-9712981-9-X 7036: 7032: 7027: 7020: 7019:0-415-92472-3 7016: 7012: 7007: 7001: 6999: 6992: 6990: 6982: 6981:0-7546-6789-8 6978: 6974: 6973:Moved by Mary 6969: 6962: 6961:0-8263-1620-4 6958: 6954: 6949: 6942: 6941:90-232-1457-9 6938: 6934: 6929: 6923: 6922:0-87973-454-X 6919: 6915: 6909: 6901: 6899:0-8160-4134-2 6895: 6891: 6887: 6883: 6877: 6875: 6867: 6862: 6853: 6847: 6841: 6835:London, 1899. 6834: 6828: 6822: 6821:0-89555-440-2 6818: 6814: 6808: 6802: 6797: 6790: 6786: 6780: 6773: 6772:0-19-514557-7 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Madonna 4428: 4416:, Costa Rica 4360: 4343: 4329:Porto Alegre 4322: 4303: 4277:Pinturicchio 4245: 4170: 4156:Luigi Crosio 4149: 4115: 4096: 4054: 4039:Sassoferrato 3992: 3970: 3945: 3933:, c1485–1490 3926: 3905: 3884: 3861: 3842: 3825: 3818:Jan van Eyck 3743: 3724: 3712:13th century 3705: 3281: 3231:Annunciation 3230: 3207: 3189:Annunciation 3188: 3167:Annunciation 3166: 3133:Annunciation 3132: 3114:Annunciation 3113: 3089:Annunciation 3062: 3058: 3044: 3030:such as the 3028:Sacramentals 3003: 2987: 2983: 2976:such as the 2974:Sacramentals 2955: 2935: 2929: 2901: 2883:in 1858 and 2862: 2826: 2820: 2807: 2786: 2758:Jesus Christ 2755: 2715: 2708: 2693: 2686: 2677: 2667: 2656: 2639: 2633: 2604: 2602: 2596: 2592: 2578: 2566: 2544: 2534: 2527: 2521: 2501: 2495:Pope Pius IX 2488: 2461: 2457:Emblem books 2446: 2442:Pope Pius IX 2428: 2389: 2383: 2366: 2291: 2253: 2237:annunciation 2234: 2228: 2224:Jesus Christ 2209: 2185: 2179: 2173: 2118: 2111: 2107:Michelangelo 2085:Holy Kinship 2053: 2042:Chora Church 2015:Luigi Crosio 2008: 1990:Michelangelo 1966: 1962:Jan van Eyck 1926: 1909: 1897: 1867: 1855: 1845: 1825: 1808: 1795: 1750: 1741:Vatican City 1730: 1721: 1695: 1692: 1676: 1662: 1643: 1609: 1578: 1571:Jesus Christ 1564: 1559: 1549: 1542: 1535: 1520: 1511: 1503: 1454: 1431: 1413: 1390: 1362:cult of Mary 1359: 1348: 1300:Michelangelo 1297: 1273: 1269:Annunciation 1253: 1225: 1138:Annunciation 1118: 1094: 1079: 1043: 1041: 1020: 1010: 1006:Stabat Mater 978: 947: 935: 923: 915:John Paul II 908: 892:Clement VIII 877: 864: 856: 850: 839: 832: 749:(8 December) 739:Presentation 707:Annunciation 701:(2 February) 457:Marian hymns 456: 409:Flos Carmeli 362: 304: 210: 107: 88: 80:Michelangelo 69: 61: 52: 11469:Persecution 11404:Christendom 11397:Cooperation 11334:Charismatic 11245:Holy Spirit 11154:Natural law 11117:Holy orders 10966:Christology 10959:Holy Spirit 10828:Pentecostal 10808:Evangelical 10803:Charismatic 10647:Monasticism 10639:Middle Ages 10602:Constantine 10545:Crucifixion 10427:Foundations 10225:Derzhavnaya 9887:Apparitions 9694:Crucifixion 9439:Health care 9425:Pax Christi 9377:Schoenstatt 9342:Sant'Egidio 9174:Legionaries 9154:Franciscans 9129:Cistercians 9124:Carthusians 9079:Annonciades 8938:Altarpieces 8831:West Syriac 8826:East Syriac 8806:Alexandrian 8430:Holy orders 8411:Swiss Guard 8351:Dicasteries 8346:Roman Curia 8244:Evangelists 8202:Holy Family 8137:Personalism 8127:Natural law 8105:Josephology 8039:Holy orders 7677:Inquisition 7634:Middle Ages 7624:Monasticism 7592:Constantine 7516:Crucifixion 7404:cyberspace. 7143:pp. 177–178 7061:pp. 102–106 7021:pp. 171–173 6996:Encyclical 6229:pages 37-40 6206:pages 33-35 5982:pp. 725–737 5955:Philippines 5925:pp. 110–112 5885:pp. 183–184 5825:pp. 520–525 5721:pp. 278–280 5626:pp. 431–433 5511:Edel 2006, 5237:giving the 5235:Virgin Mary 5188:Virgin Mary 5182:St. Dominic 5161:St. Bernard 5147:Apparitions 5141:Apparitions 5104:, 1502–1504 5089:, 1340–1350 4586:, 1517–1518 4523:Lamentation 4059: [ 3866:in evidence 3679:Mount Athos 3615:, 1563–1564 3453:, 1630–1642 3020:Child Jesus 2871:in 1531 as 2835:Apparitions 2749:crowned by 2506:, in 1854. 2430:Pope Pius V 2416:Duns Scotus 2412:Franciscans 2408:Renaissance 2396:Bonaventure 2356:(1486) and 2294:Middle Ages 1980:iconography 1836:Renaissance 1706:Philippines 1473:Gospel book 1469:Insular art 1450:iconography 1416:iconography 1213:Holy family 1090:Renaissance 1052:Benedictine 1048:Pope Pius X 1002:Crucifixion 934:Praying at 717:(15 August) 693:(1 January) 607:Apparitions 569:(Blue Army) 225: 1675 76:old masters 58:Western art 11528:Categories 11383:Prosperity 11359:Liberation 11299:Cathedrals 11284:Pilgrimage 11269:Literature 11146:Philosophy 11082:Sacraments 11055:Four marks 11016:Protestant 10991:Born again 10788:Anabaptist 10778:Protestant 10720:Influences 10682:Modern era 10386:By country 10242:Hodegetria 10163:Assumption 10116:Magnificat 9921:Feast days 9876:Veneration 9840:Protestant 9774:Apocryphal 9752:Coronation 9747:Assumption 9699:Deposition 9654:Visitation 9194:Oratorians 9149:Dominicans 9119:Carmelites 9114:Camillians 9062:institutes 8875:Tridentine 8811:Antiochian 8731:Macedonian 8676:Belarusian 8566:Provincial 8481:Archbishop 8401:Roman Rota 8363:Properties 8288:By country 8284:Precedence 8249:Confessors 8229:Archangels 8219:Patriarchs 8119:Philosophy 8097:Veneration 8062:Assumption 8032:Last rites 7999:Sacraments 7943:Four marks 7754:Vatican II 7702:Modern era 7538:Succession 7289:B0007DEREA 7254:References 6712:2008-12-05 6413:2008-07-18 6346:0826334598 6326:1576072231 6268:0877790442 6250:pages 9-12 6248:0967637120 6227:097129819X 6204:8882652173 6184:0520074122 6164:1568545576 6142:I Daoust, 5305:Statue of 5193:Caravaggio 4950:Assumption 4932:Assumption 4914:Assumption 4896:Assumption 4878:Assumption 4845:Assumption 4561:, mosaic, 4452:Assumption 4380:Warfhuizen 4363:, Portugal 4304:Assumption 4204:Fontignano 4177:Bouguereau 3931:Botticelli 3912:Botticelli 3568:Botticelli 3451:Guido Reni 3421:Caravaggio 3213:Botticelli 2990:devotional 2869:Juan Diego 2797:encyclical 2762:Sophronius 2705:Caravaggio 2634:Assumption 2404:Dominicans 2402:, and the 2306:Caravaggio 2176:feast days 1974:Museum in 1890:Marian art 1635:Romanesque 1617:Hodegetria 1556:Caravaggio 1438:apocryphal 1409:exaltation 1401:Magnificat 1304:Botticelli 1274:After the 993:Franciscan 808:See also: 715:Assumption 709:(25 March) 663:Walsingham 648:La Salette 429:Magnificat 284:Veneration 142:Feast days 84:Botticelli 11459:Criticism 11409:Ecumenism 11373:Mysticism 11339:Democracy 11329:Anarchism 11316:Movements 11279:Mythology 11257:Catechism 11252:Education 11169:Evolution 11092:Eucharist 11075:Canon law 11033:Theotokos 11028:Mariology 10986:Salvation 10976:Tradition 10823:Methodist 10783:Adventist 10617:Chalcedon 10072:Ave Maria 10045:Antiphons 10024:Theotokos 9979:Mediatrix 9926:Patronage 9909:Devotions 9904:Christmas 9805:Christian 9796:Mariology 9757:Queenship 9735:Dormition 9721:Tradition 9711:Pentecost 9592:Tradition 9561:Elizabeth 9539:(husband) 9435:See also: 9387:Charities 9296:Discalced 9224:Trappists 9219:Theatines 9189:Olivetans 9134:Clarisses 9104:Blue nuns 9089:Basilians 9066:societies 8974:See also: 8860:Mozarabic 8850:Ambrosian 8836:Malankara 8821:Byzantine 8781:Ukrainian 8756:Ruthenian 8721:Hungarian 8706:Ethiopian 8681:Bulgarian 8648:sui iuris 8632:Postulant 8541:Religious 8496:Auxiliary 8491:Coadjutor 8461:Patriarch 8329:Cardinals 8276:Canon law 8272:Hierarchy 8254:Disciples 8177:Relations 8165:Evolution 8156:See also: 8101:See also: 8054:Mariology 8044:Matrimony 8017:Eucharist 7938:Ecumenism 7866:Salvation 7802:Catechism 7797:Tradition 7759:Communism 7607:Chalcedon 7226:pp. 64–70 7205:pp. 33–34 7165:pp. 56–57 7106:pp. 45–48 6133:1963, 248 5905:pp. 86–87 5865:pp. 11–13 5575:pp. 37–42 5483:pp. 96–98 5441:pp. 41–43 5357:Theotokos 5243:St. Simon 5214:St. Simon 5051:Velázquez 4860:Dormition 4756:di Cosimo 4738:Velázquez 4584:Correggio 4525:1614/1615 4437:Catalonia 4401:, Germany 4233:, 15th c. 3958:1490–1495 3849:1440–1445 3805:1400–1405 3538:Rembrandt 3511:Giorgione 3357:Giorgione 2999:Akathists 2925:sombreros 2909:Guadalupe 2899:in 1917. 2724:, as the 2713:of 1606. 2358:Donatello 2271:sculpture 2169:Pentecost 2133:Jerusalem 2073:Elizabeth 2007:The 1898 1976:Frankfurt 1937:Catalonia 1784:, Mexico. 1658:Catalonia 1529:1490) by 1366:Theotokos 1112:, or the 1046:in 1913, 942:Lithuania 731:Holy Name 699:Candlemas 638:Guadalupe 414:Hail Mary 312:Mediatrix 305:Theotokos 274:Societies 249:Antiphons 193:Mariology 103:Mariology 11513:Category 11378:Pacifism 11192:features 11176:Politics 11129:Ablution 11097:Marriage 11001:Catholic 10931:Theology 10838:Reformed 10818:Lutheran 10813:Holiness 10793:Anglican 10763:Catholic 10667:Crusades 10612:Nicaea I 10562:Apostles 10535:Miracles 10530:Parables 10520:Ministry 10510:Nativity 10474:timeline 10371:Prophets 10366:Glossary 10290:Category 10126:Memorare 10087:Akathist 9845:Lutheran 9835:Orthodox 9818:Catholic 9813:Anglican 9557:(mother) 9551:(father) 9479:Category 9372:Opus Dei 9357:Scouting 9347:Focolare 9214:Servites 9199:Piarists 9144:Crosiers 8880:Anglican 8816:Armenian 8746:Romanian 8736:Maronite 8711:Georgian 8701:Eritrean 8686:Chaldean 8671:Armenian 8666:Albanian 8547:Superior 8506:Emeritus 8486:Diocesan 8339:Advisers 8298:Holy See 8224:Prophets 8182:Politics 7953:Catholic 7933:Councils 7788:Theology 7667:Crusades 7602:Nicaea I 7533:Apostles 7511:Ministry 7480:Timeline 7460:Glossary 6884:(2001). 6729:Archived 6533:(2004). 6497:Archived 6486:Archived 6448:Archived 6430:Archived 6283:Archived 6270:page 408 5945:pp. 3–5 5320:See also 5314:, France 5264:Hyacinth 5239:Scapular 5210:Scapular 4929:Guercino 4806:Statue, 4774:Zurbarán 4605:Regnault 4454:statue, 4331:, Brazil 4306:statue, 4254:Ethiopia 4223:Saturnia 4078:Dolorosa 3675:Vatopedi 3436:Bronzino 3053:and the 3034:and the 2942:Pius XII 2875:, Saint 2812:Montreal 2718:Siennese 2663:Pius XII 2354:Florence 2344:(1303), 2153:crucifix 1916:Zaragoza 1702:Slovakia 1625:Venetian 1623:, under 1407:and her 1405:humility 1339:Theodore 991:and the 960:and the 723:Nativity 439:Memorare 237:Overview 185:a series 183:Part of 78:such as 11442:Related 11235:Trinity 11200:Culture 11164:Science 11134:Hygiene 11124:Mission 11107:Penance 11087:Baptism 11023:Worship 10996:Liturgy 10944:Trinity 10855:Eastern 10833:Quakers 10798:Baptist 10755:Western 10745:members 10515:Baptism 10469:History 10459:Worship 10361:Outline 10251:Related 10040:Angelus 10033:Prayers 9994:Panagia 9989:New Eve 9931:Shrines 9863:Islamic 9823:history 9632:In the 9549:Joachim 9444:Schools 9400:Caritas 9308:Secular 9274:Workers 9169:Jesuits 8955:Museums 8950:Library 8928:Writers 8923:Artists 8903:Culture 8870:Paul VI 8751:Russian 8741:Melkite 8583:Brother 8561:General 8501:Titular 8471:Primate 8449:Eparchy 8439:Diocese 8386:Outline 8325:College 8315:Francis 8259:Virgins 8234:Martyrs 8160:Science 8067:History 8022:Penance 8007:Baptism 7908:Worship 7881:Vulgate 7829:Kingdom 7824:Trinity 7812:General 7567:Primacy 7475:History 7455:Outline 7374:, 2008 7360:, 2010 7086:pp. 4–9 6490:WebCite 6166:page 29 5805:pp. 6–7 5410:, 2009 5312:Lourdes 5168:c. 1504 5102:Raphael 4718:Murillo 4700:Murillo 4471:Baroque 4439:, Spain 4310:, Malta 4273:Perugia 4269:Spoleto 4227:Tuscany 4097:Madonna 4082:Murillo 3998:Raphael 3977:Raphael 3750:, c1300 3744:Madonna 3710:Cimabue 3706:Madonna 3583:Murillo 3387:Gauguin 3359:, c1507 3193:Antwerp 3137:Murillo 3015:kenosis 2940:, Pope 2905:Lourdes 2795:in his 2783:in 1954 2726:Trinity 2682:Leo III 2652:in his 2589:Seville 2497:in his 2476:cherubs 2449:emblems 2380:Murillo 2336:in the 2330:frescos 2314:Murillo 2255:Frescos 2214:of the 2147:. The 2121:Baptism 2093:Gospels 1996:at the 1970:at the 1931:at the 1904:Seville 1894:Murillo 1888:Baroque 1878:Jesuits 1872:at the 1842:Raphael 1815:Raphael 1644:In the 1612:Madonna 1589:Madonna 1499:Ravenna 1459:of the 1374:mosaics 653:Lourdes 399:Angelus 388:Prayers 244:Prayers 196:of the 95:Hidalgo 47:Gabriel 11159:Ethics 11040:Saints 10949:Father 10868:Church 10480:spread 10444:Gospel 10434:Church 10376:People 10230:Eleusa 10131:Rosary 10109:Loreto 10104:Litany 9946:Titles 9537:Joseph 9529:Family 9322:Fimcap 9264:Marian 9184:Minims 8916:Marian 8766:Syriac 8761:Slovak 8691:Coptic 8627:Oblate 8622:Master 8617:Novice 8612:Hermit 8600:Sister 8556:Abbess 8523:Deacon 8518:Priest 8513:Parish 8456:Bishop 8426:Polity 8212:Joseph 8194:Saints 7861:Saints 7749:Nazism 7378: 7364: 7342: 7331: 7320: 7310: 7299: 7287: 7268: 7246:p. 147 7242: 7222: 7201: 7181: 7161: 7139: 7102: 7082: 7057: 7037: 7017: 6979: 6959: 6943:p. 174 6939: 6920: 6896: 6819: 6770: 6754:p. 676 6750: 6660: 6640: 6620: 6601: 6572: 6549: 6507:, etc. 6383: 6363: 6344: 6324: 6308:p. 904 6304: 6266: 6246: 6225: 6202: 6182: 6162: 6117: 6051:p. 15 6047: 6002:p. 145 5998: 5978: 5965:p. 109 5961: 5941: 5921: 5901: 5881: 5861: 5841: 5821: 5801: 5781:p. 193 5777: 5761:p. 123 5757: 5741:p. 339 5737: 5717: 5701:p. 355 5697: 5681:p. 129 5677: 5653: 5622: 5598:p. 288 5594: 5571: 5549: 5518: 5499: 5479: 5457: 5437: 5414: 5388: 5119:, 1504 5057:, 1645 5036:Rubens 5019:, 1400 4985:, 1835 4965:Rubens 4952:, 1526 4934:, 1655 4916:, 1650 4898:, 1516 4893:Titian 4880:, 1626 4875:Rubens 4794:, 1689 4779:, 1630 4761:, 1505 4743:, 1618 4725:, 1678 4705:, 1650 4668:, 1437 4645:Assisi 4628:, 1498 4607:, 1789 4544:Giotto 4519:Rubens 4456:Għaxaq 4433:Lleida 4308:Attard 4210:, 1522 4179:, 1900 4158:, 1898 4137:, 1855 4122:, 1852 4103:, 1742 4084:, 1665 4015:, 1520 4013:Titian 4000:, 1508 3979:, 1505 3914:, 1481 3893:, 1475 3872:, 1459 3830:, 1430 3780:, 1347 3765:, 1342 3748:Giotto 3731:, 1282 3729:Duccio 3630:, 1619 3600:, 1423 3570:, 1475 3555:, 1634 3553:Rubens 3540:, 1632 3513:, 1510 3498:, 1485 3483:, 1622 3389:, 1896 3374:, 1614 3314:, 1523 3299:, 1577 3215:, 1490 3186:Rubens 3173:, 1489 3154:, 1644 3139:, 1655 3032:Rosary 3010:Titian 3006:Duccio 2849:Rosary 2636:, 1516 2631:Titian 2575:, 1618 2524:, 1505 2480:lilies 2386:, 1650 2334:Giotto 2310:Duccio 2267:relief 2263:mosaic 2245:Salome 2115:, 1498 1972:Städel 1683:Moreno 1600:, 1459 1575:Salome 1538:Duccio 1403:, her 1372:. In 1335:George 1316:Duccio 1312:Giotto 981:Kyrios 962:Rosary 816:, and 626:Fátima 491:Rosary 269:Saints 254:Titles 187:on the 164:, and 156:, the 154:rosary 99:Zapata 11368:Right 11274:Music 11225:Jesus 11190:Other 11045:Angel 10500:Jesus 10490:Early 10439:Creed 10408:Canon 10396:Bible 10356:Index 10185:Pietà 10082:Hymns 9856:Other 9828:papal 9634:Bible 9606:Birth 9545:(son) 9543:Jesus 9420:CIDSE 9269:Youth 8993:Media 8960:Music 8885:Zaire 8865:Roman 8855:Braga 8845:Latin 8716:Greek 8588:Friar 8552:Abbot 8466:Major 8381:Index 8280:Laity 7846:Dogma 7793:Bible 7769:Islam 7725:Trent 7506:Jesus 7488:Legal 7450:Index 7041:p. 61 6983:p. 38 6963:p. 68 6774:p. 98 6664:p. 16 6644:p. 24 6624:p. 29 6576:p. 99 6387:p. 74 6367:p. 78 6262:2000 5797:1998 5673:2009 5657:p. 58 5418:p. 45 5369:Notes 5245:, by 4625:Pietà 4399:Essen 4063:] 3824:, as 3468:c1533 3191:1628 2646:dogma 2484:roses 2453:motto 2342:Padua 2269:, to 2265:, to 2212:dogma 2161:Pietà 2112:Pietà 2002:Pietà 1397:Egypt 1265:Jesus 1163:Pietà 643:Knock 392:hymns 11364:Left 11264:Flag 11230:Mary 10741:list 10204:East 10155:West 9892:list 9740:Tomb 9584:Life 9555:Anne 8945:Folk 8593:Monk 8334:List 8312:Pope 8207:Mary 7376:ISBN 7362:ISBN 7340:ISBN 7329:ISBN 7318:ISBN 7308:ISBN 7297:ISBN 7285:ASIN 7266:ISBN 7240:ISBN 7220:ISBN 7199:ISBN 7179:ISBN 7159:ISBN 7137:ISBN 7100:ISBN 7080:ISBN 7055:ISBN 7035:ISBN 7015:ISBN 6977:ISBN 6957:ISBN 6937:ISBN 6918:ISBN 6894:ISBN 6817:ISBN 6768:ISBN 6748:ISBN 6658:ISBN 6638:ISBN 6618:ISBN 6599:ISBN 6570:ISBN 6547:ISBN 6381:ISBN 6361:ISBN 6342:ISBN 6322:ISBN 6302:ISBN 6264:ISBN 6244:ISBN 6223:ISBN 6200:ISBN 6180:ISBN 6160:ISBN 6115:ISBN 6045:ISBN 5996:ISBN 5976:ISBN 5959:ISBN 5939:ISBN 5919:ISBN 5899:ISBN 5879:ISBN 5859:ISBN 5839:ISBN 5819:ISBN 5799:ISBN 5775:ISBN 5755:ISBN 5735:ISBN 5715:ISBN 5695:ISBN 5675:ISBN 5651:ISBN 5620:ISBN 5592:ISBN 5569:ISBN 5547:ISBN 5516:ISBN 5497:ISBN 5477:ISBN 5455:ISBN 5435:ISBN 5412:ISBN 5386:ISBN 5271:1594 4862:1461 4250:Axum 2919:and 2907:and 2891:and 2545:Song 2489:The 2482:and 2318:lily 2312:and 2210:The 2149:rood 1953:The 1925:The 1864:art. 1824:The 1817:1513 1776:The 1704:and 1504:The 1382:halo 1331:Icon 1230:and 1211:The 1195:and 1078:The 844:and 390:and 128:and 97:and 82:and 54:Mary 45:and 11220:Art 10954:Son 10939:God 10146:Art 9259:Lay 8911:Art 8605:Nun 8327:of 7819:God 6543:183 5793:by 5406:by 5267:by 5241:to 5217:by 5212:to 5191:by 5164:by 5034:by 4622:'s 4378:in 3820:'s 3746:by 3211:by 3169:by 3135:by 3116:by 3008:to 2895:as 2879:as 2855:in 2810:in 2707:'s 2648:by 2571:by 2382:'s 2352:in 2340:in 2332:of 2324:in 2261:to 2109:'s 2079:'s 1964:'s 1914:at 1902:in 1896:'s 1844:'s 1830:by 1739:in 1681:by 1656:in 1569:of 1395:in 1376:in 1084:by 940:in 855:'s 215:by 11530:: 10743:, 9064:, 8554:, 7123:^ 7066:^ 6988:^ 6888:. 6873:^ 6868:40 6700:. 6545:. 6503:, 6492:, 6481:, 6477:, 6401:. 6211:^ 6033:^ 5580:^ 5557:^ 5465:^ 5423:^ 5396:^ 5310:, 5053:, 4664:, 4643:, 4603:, 4582:, 4542:, 4521:, 4493:, 4435:, 4431:, 4397:, 4327:, 4275:. 4271:, 4252:, 4248:, 4229:. 4225:, 4206:. 4175:, 4154:, 4118:, 4099:, 4080:, 4061:pl 3996:, 3975:, 3956:c. 3954:, 3950:, 3929:, 3910:, 3889:, 3868:, 3845:, 3727:, 3708:, 3677:, 3049:, 3001:. 2887:, 2831:. 2555:. 2398:, 2394:, 2308:, 2304:, 2300:, 2190:. 2099:. 2075:. 2063:, 2059:, 1813:, 1712:. 1685:, 1585:. 1562:. 1527:c. 1388:. 1337:, 1314:, 1310:, 1306:, 1302:, 1290:, 1234:. 1108:, 1104:, 1100:, 812:, 222:c. 168:. 148:, 124:, 120:, 116:: 86:. 11366:/ 10747:) 10739:( 10482:) 10478:( 10476:) 10472:( 10337:e 10330:t 10323:v 9985:) 9981:( 9513:e 9506:t 9499:v 9059:, 8543:: 8432:) 8428:( 8305:) 8301:( 7431:e 7424:t 7417:v 7346:. 7335:. 7324:. 7303:. 7291:. 7274:. 6902:. 6715:. 6555:. 6416:. 5001:. 4841:. 4684:. 4546:. 3405:. 3266:. 3098:. 2595:( 2025:. 1939:. 1922:. 1838:. 1773:. 1525:( 1345:. 944:. 863:( 792:e 785:t 778:v 619:: 227:) 220:( 20:)

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