496:, all those active in cryonics today can trace their involvement, directly or indirectly, to the publication of one or both of Ettinger's books. While Ettinger was the first, most articulate, and most scientifically credible person to argue the idea of cryonics, he was not the only one. In 1962, Evan Cooper had authored a manuscript entitled "Immortality: Physically, Scientifically, Now" under the pseudonym Nathan Duhring. Cooper's book contained the same argument as did Ettinger's, but it lacked both scientific and technical rigor and was not of publication quality.
33:
406:. The response was very small, and it was clear that a much longer exposition was needed — mostly to counter cultural bias. Ettinger correctly saw that people, even the intellectually, financially and socially distinguished, would have to be educated into understanding his belief that dying is usually gradual and could be a reversible process, and that
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Ettinger waited expectantly for prominent scientists or physicians to come to the same conclusion he had, and to take a position of public advocacy. By 1960, Ettinger finally made the scientific case for the idea, which had always been in the back of his mind. Ettinger was 42 years old and said he
307:
in 1995 and enjoyed a period of domestic life during which time the couple began to ease into retirement from over 30 years of cryonics activism and the attendant burdens of work and controversy. Mae
Ettinger suffered a debilitating stroke in 1998 from which she never fully recovered followed by a
410:
damage is so limited (even though fatal by present criteria) that its reversibility demands relatively little in future progress. Ettinger soon made an even more troubling discovery, principally that "a great many people have to be coaxed into admitting that life is better than death, healthy is
268:
to journalists at the age of 12 and was an attorney. He served as legal counsel to the
Cryonics Institute and the Immortalist Society. Robert Ettinger's daughter, who has had no interest in cryonics, is a writer and revolutionary socialist.
383:. The story sets out the development of a method of putting people into "suspended animation" until medical science can restore their health, and the changes found by the first of those when he is revived.
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Ettinger married Junod in 1988 after the death of his first wife. Ettinger described his time with Junod as one of the most satisfying and tranquil times in his life. The couple moved to
272:
Ettinger met his second wife, Mae Junod, in 1962 when she attended one of his adult education courses in basic physics. Junod typed and assisted with editing the manuscripts for both
216:
Ettinger was born in
Atlantic City, New Jersey, the son of Russian Jewish immigrants. Raised Jewish, he later attended Protestant Unitarian church services before becoming an
422:, in which he said that future technological advances could be used to bring people back to life. This finally attracted attention of a major publisher, which sent a copy to
364:. As he grew out of boyhood in the 1930s, he began to suspect it might take a little longer since no scientists were yet working on this particular endeavor. If
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is achievable through the ministrations of technologically advanced aliens repairing a frozen human corpse, then
Ettinger thought everyone could be
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Ettinger died on July 23, 2011, at the age of 92, in
Detroit, Michigan of natural causes, and was cryopreserved with the hope of future revival.
353:
brains chanced upon it. They revived and repaired
Jameson's brain, installed it in a mechanical body, and he became one of their company.
280:. She became active in the Cryonics Society of Michigan (CSM) and edited and was a production manager for the CSM monthly newsletter,
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349:. And so it did, in the story, until millions of years later, when, with humanity extinct, a race of mechanical men with
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247:, one in mathematics) and spent his working career teaching physics and mathematics at both Wayne State University and
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Ettinger had two children with his first wife, Elaine, David (1951) and
Shelley (1954). David gave his first
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was increasingly aware of his own mortality. In what has been characterized as an historically important
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hardcover and various subsequent editions which launched cryonics. The book became a selection of the
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426:; Asimov said that the science behind cryonics was sound, and the manuscript was approved for a 1964
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and recovered after several years spent in a
Michigan hospital. He earned two master's degrees from
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903:
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485:, and others. Ettinger also spoke on radio programs coast-to-coast to promote the idea of human
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753:"Man into superman : The startling potential of human evolution--and how to be part of it"
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New
Religions: Emerging Faiths and Religious Cultures in the Modern World [2 volumes]
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is the longest continuously published cryonics magazine. Junod was an author, feminist, and
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185:(December 4, 1918 – July 23, 2011) was an American academic, known as "the father of
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where (as the author mistakenly thought) it would remain preserved indefinitely at near
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Great Mambo
Chicken and the Transhuman Condition: Science Slightly Over The Edge
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396:, Ettinger summarized the idea of cryonics in a few pages, with the emphasis on
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624:"The Father of Cryonics, Robert C. W. Ettinger, Interview with Bruce Klein"
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In 1948, Ettinger's short story "The Penultimate Trump" was published in
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story, "The Jameson Satellite," which appeared in the July 1931 issue of
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Ettinger assumed that one day — long before he grew old —
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329:. Ettinger was particularly affected when he was 12 years old by a
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473:, and dozens of other periodicals. He appeared on television with
400:, and sent this to approximately 200 people whom he selected from
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and until 2003 served as the groups' president. His body has been
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Gallagher, Eugene V.; Willsky-Ciollo, Lydia (February 15, 2021).
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208:, like the bodies of his first and second wives, and his mother.
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Robert Ettinger deanimated today at around 4 p.m. Eastern Time.
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In 1962, Ettinger privately published a preliminary version of
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lethal stroke in 2000, which resulted in her cryopreservation.
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The Prospect of Immortality (1962, 1964 & later editions)
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to await later rescue by our own medically more sophisticated
437:
Ettinger became an "overnight" media celebrity, discussed in
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Despite his Jewish roots, he grew up a determined atheist.
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The Cryonics Institute's 106th patient is Robert Ettinger
235:. Severely wounded in battle in Germany, he received the
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678:"Articles of Incorporation of the Cryonics Institute"
680:. Cryonics Institute. April 28, 1976. Archived from
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and Junod continued editorship until the mid-1990s.
603:. London: Guardian. Associated Press. July 26, 2011
411:better than sick, smart is better than stupid, and
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1052:Shandong Yinfeng Life Science Research Institute
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1268:United States Army personnel of World War II
1258:People from Clinton, Macomb County, Michigan
904:Immortality: Physically, Scientifically, Now
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1228:American people of Russian-Jewish descent
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337:, in which one Professor Jameson had his
189:" because of the impact of his 1962 book
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601:"Cryonics pioneer Robert Ettinger dies"
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797:"A Brain Is A Terrible Thing To Waste"
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434:and was published in nine languages.
1088:Aldehyde-stabilized cryopreservation
916:Price, Michael (December 17, 2003).
651:. Cryonics Institute. Archived from
574:. Cryonics Institute. Archived from
492:Since the commercial publication of
315:Roots of cryonics in science fiction
37:Photo of Ettinger taken in the 1940s
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99:Teacher for physics and mathematics
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706:. London: Telegraph. July 24, 2011
14:
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823:Ettinger, David (July 24, 2011),
91:Patient at the Cryonics Institute
622:Klein, Bruce (August 13, 2004).
1012:Alcor Life Extension Foundation
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896:
816:
530:Youniverse (new edition, 2009)
387:Launching the cryonics movement
1278:Wayne State University faculty
769:. The Telegraph. July 24, 2011
759:
745:
718:
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183:Robert Chester Wilson Ettinger
47:Robert Chester Wilson Ettinger
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1273:Wayne State University alumni
1022:Brain Preservation Foundation
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415:might be worth the trouble!"
1243:Cryonically preserved people
1151:Raymond and Monique Martinot
991:
519:(1972 & later editions)
7:
1263:United States Army officers
1068:Information-theoretic death
878:. Westview Press. pp.
510:The Prospect of Immortality
494:The Prospect of Immortality
420:The Prospect of Immortality
274:The Prospect of Immortality
191:The Prospect of Immortality
149:The Prospect of Immortality
10:
1294:
1121:Fred and Linda Chamberlain
360:would learn the secret of
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1017:American Cryonics Society
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319:Ettinger grew up reading
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61:Atlantic City, New Jersey
42:
30:
23:
1248:Jewish American atheists
1047:Suspended Animation, Inc
906:depressedmetabolism.com
499:
1233:American transhumanists
646:"A History of Cryonics"
626:. Immortality Institute
1042:Life Extension Society
432:Book of the Month Club
241:Wayne State University
108:Wayne State University
1007:21st Century Medicine
951:The Penultimate Trump
196:Ettinger founded the
176:Rhea Chaloff Ettinger
145:The Penultimate Trump
131:starting the idea of
918:"Subject: Ev Cooper"
522:Available online at
508:Available online at
403:Who's Who in America
1192:Anti-aging movement
1161:Thomas K. Donaldson
1083:Suspended animation
1032:Immortalist Society
802:Mensa International
658:on December 7, 2010
305:Scottsdale, Arizona
212:Personal background
202:Immortalist Society
122:Immortalist Society
1253:Life extensionists
1027:Cryonics Institute
440:The New York Times
298:marriage counselor
229:United States Army
198:Cryonics Institute
118:Cryonics Institute
1223:American atheists
1200:
1199:
1073:Neuropreservation
956:Project Gutenberg
767:"Robert Ettinger"
704:"Robert Ettinger"
572:"Robert Ettinger"
524:Man Into Superman
517:Man into Superman
470:Christian Century
381:Startling Stories
278:Man into Superman
252:Community college
222:second lieutenant
220:. He served as a
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153:Man Into Superman
80:Detroit, Michigan
16:American academic
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1146:Curtis Henderson
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578:on July 17, 2012
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487:cryopreservation
341:sent into earth
200:and the related
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57:December 4, 1918
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394:mid-life crisis
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335:Amazing Stories
326:Amazing Stories
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290:The Immortalist
284:. In the 1970s
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114:Organization(s)
104:Alma mater
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63:, United States
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1187:Life extension
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1180:Related topics
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1156:Robert Prehoda
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1078:Mind uploading
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941:External links
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684:on May 9, 2008
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347:absolute zero
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331:Neil R. Jones
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88:Resting place
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72:July 23, 2011
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22:
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926:. Retrieved
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911:
902:Evan Cooper
898:
873:
837:
830:, retrieved
825:
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806:. Retrieved
800:
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771:. Retrieved
761:
747:
731:. Abc-Clio.
727:
720:
708:. Retrieved
698:
686:. Retrieved
682:the original
672:
660:. Retrieved
653:the original
640:
628:. Retrieved
617:
605:. Retrieved
580:. Retrieved
576:the original
493:
491:
468:
462:
456:
450:
444:
438:
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424:Isaac Asimov
419:
417:
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293:
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288:was renamed
285:
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273:
271:
260:
237:Purple Heart
233:World War II
215:
195:
190:
182:
181:
166:David (1951)
140:Notable work
74:(2011-07-23)
18:
1238:Cryonicists
1218:2011 deaths
1213:1918 births
1111:Mike Darwin
483:Steve Allen
475:David Frost
464:Der Spiegel
458:Paris Match
413:immortality
374:descendants
366:immortality
294:The Outlook
286:The Outlook
282:The Outlook
225:infantryman
1207:Categories
1166:Brian Wowk
1131:Jerry Leaf
808:August 23,
662:August 23,
543:References
535:Youniverse
358:biologists
157:Youniverse
53:1918-12-04
1141:Dora Kent
1136:Saul Kent
924:. CryoNet
868:Regis, Ed
428:Doubleday
266:interview
96:Education
1116:Max More
1061:Concepts
993:Cryonics
870:(1991).
832:June 25,
710:July 26,
607:July 26,
452:Newsweek
408:freezing
263:cryonics
256:Michigan
243:(one in
187:cryonics
163:Children
133:cryonics
1037:KrioRus
755:. 1972.
688:May 24,
630:May 24,
582:May 24,
351:organic
245:physics
231:during
227:in the
218:atheist
1098:People
886:
773:May 1,
735:
339:corpse
173:Parent
82:, U.S.
880:87–88
656:(PDF)
649:(PDF)
500:Books
343:orbit
930:2007
884:ISBN
834:2014
810:2009
775:2013
733:ISBN
712:2011
690:2009
664:2009
632:2009
609:2011
584:2009
446:Time
276:and
69:Died
43:Born
954:at
323:'s
254:in
1209::
920:.
882:.
845:^
836:,
799:.
786:^
777:.
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120:,
985:e
978:t
971:v
932:.
892:.
812:.
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666:.
634:.
611:.
586:.
55:)
51:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
