139:
although obtaining a university charter has always changed their nature. In TAFEs and colleges today, courses are designed for personal development of an individual or for employment outcomes. Educational programs cover a variety of topics such as arts, languages, business and lifestyle. They usually are scheduled to run two, three or four days of the week, depending on the level of the course undertaken. A Certificate I may only run for 4 hours twice a week for a term of 9 weeks. A full-time
Diploma course might have classes 4 days per week for a year (36 weeks). Some courses may be offered in the evenings or weekends to accommodate people working full-time. Funding for colleges may come from government grants and course fees. Many are not-for-profit organisations. Such TAFES are located in metropolitan, regional and rural locations of Australia.
181:. Alternatively, Canadian colleges are often called "institutes" or "polytechnic institutes". As well, in Ontario, the 24 colleges of applied arts and technology have been mandated to offer their own stand-alone degrees as well as to offer joint degrees with universities through "articulation agreements" that often result in students emerging with both a diploma and a degree. Thus, for example, the University of Guelph "twins" with Humber College and York University does the same with Seneca College. More recently, however, colleges have been offering a variety of their own degrees, often in business, technology, science, and other technical fields. Each province has its own educational system, as prescribed by the
406:
293:(Certificate 3) in both the Skills sector (Sijil Kemahiran Malaysia or the Malaysian Skills Certificate) as well as the Vocational and Training sector but the number of community colleges that are starting to award Level 4 qualifications (Diploma) are increasing. This is two levels below a bachelor's degree (Level 6 in the MQF) and students within the system who intend to further their studies to that level will usually seek entry into Advanced Diploma programs in public universities, polytechnics or accredited private providers.
274:
375:
391:
54:
1939:
420:
40:
143:
Training
Organisations. They offer individuals a nurturing, non-traditional education venue to gain skills that better prepare them for the workplace and potential job openings. TAFEs and colleges have not traditionally offered bachelor's degrees, instead providing pathway arrangements with universities to continue towards degrees. The American innovation of the associate degree is being developed at some institutions.
1949:
352:. When it is, a community college is a school which not only provides education for the school-age population (11–18) of the locality, but also additional services and education to adults and other members of the community. This education includes but is not limited to sports, adult literacy and lifestyle education. Usually when students finish their secondary school studies at age 16, they move on to a
1928:
527:, has been conducting research on community colleges since 1996 to identify barriers to students' post-secondary access and promising solutions. CCRC's publishes research reports, briefs, and resources geared toward a variety of community college stakeholders, including college and college system leaders, faculty and support staff, policymakers, and institutional researchers.
561:
outcomes for diverse learners. Results of OCCRL's studies of pathways and programs of study, extending from high school to community colleges and universities and to employment, are disseminated nationally and internationally. Reports and materials are derived from new knowledge captured and disseminated through OCCRL's website, scholarly publications, and other vehicles.
147:, diplomas and advanced diplomas are typically offered, the latter deemed equivalent to an undergraduate qualification, albeit typically in more vocational areas. Recently, some TAFE institutes (and private providers) have also become higher education providers in their own right and are now starting to offer bachelor's degree programs.
311:, a community school functions as elementary or secondary school at daytime and towards the end of the day convert into a community college. This type of institution offers night classes under the supervision of the same principal, and the same faculty members who are given part-time college teaching load.
142:
Education offered by TAFEs and colleges has changed over the years. By the 1980s, many colleges had recognised a community need for computer training. Since then thousands of people have increased skills through IT courses. The majority of colleges by the late 20th century had also become
Registered
488:. That term is still used at some institutions. Public community colleges primarily attract and accept students from the local community and are usually supported by local tax revenue. They usually work with local and regional businesses to ensure students are being prepared for the local workforce.
192:
In terms of academic pathways, Canadian colleges and universities collaborate with each other with the purpose of providing college students the opportunity to academically upgrade their education. Students can transfer their diplomas and earn transfer credits through their completed college credits
314:
The concept of community college dates back to the time of the former
Minister of Education, Culture and Sports (MECS) that had under its wings the Bureaus of Elementary Education, Secondary Education, Higher Education and Vocational-Technical Education. MECS Secretary, Cecilio Putong, who in 1971
285:
Community colleges in
Malaysia are a network of educational institutions whereby vocational and technical skills training could be provided at all levels for school leavers before they entered the workforce. The community colleges also provide an infrastructure for rural communities to gain skills
185:
model of governance. In the mid-1960s and early 1970s, most
Canadian colleges began to provide practical education and training for the emerging and booming generation, and for immigrants from around the world who were entering Canada in increasing numbers at that time. A formative trend was the
138:
TAFEs and other providers carry on the tradition of adult education, which was established in
Australia around the mid-19th century, when evening classes were held to help adults enhance their numeracy and literacy skills. Most Australian universities can also be traced back to such forerunners,
560:
studies policies, programs, and practices designed to enhance outcomes for diverse youth and adults who seek to transition to and through college to employment. OCCRL's research spans the P-20 education continuum, with an intense focus on how community colleges impact education and employment
219:; however, the term is an acronym more correctly applied specifically to the French-language public system: Collège d'enseignement général et professionnel (CEGEP); in English: College of General and Vocational Education. The word "college" can also refer to a private high school in Quebec.
315:
wrote that a community school is a school established in the community, by the community, and for the community itself. Pedro T. Orata of
Pangasinan shared the same idea, hence the establishment of a community college, now called the City College of Urdaneta.
131:, the term "community college" refers to small private businesses running short (e.g. six weeks) courses generally of a self-improvement or hobbyist nature. Equivalent to the American notion of community colleges are
360:(although some secondary schools have integrated sixth forms). After the two-year A-level period, they may proceed to a college of further education or a university. The former is also known as a technical college.
553:
administers surveys and provides data analysis support to member colleges regarding various factors of student engagement and involvement in community colleges in the United States and Canada.
215:, three years is the norm for a university degree because a year of credit is earned in the CÉGEP (college) system. Even when speaking in English, people often refer to all colleges as
778:
720:
986:
Dougherty, K. J. (1994). The contradictory college: The conflicting origins, impacts, and futures of the community college. Albany, NY: State
University of New York Press.
259:. The courses offered by these colleges are diplomas, advance diplomas and certificate courses. The duration of these courses usually ranges from six months to two years.
135:
or TAFEs; these are institutions regulated mostly at state and territory level. There are also an increasing number of private providers colloquially called "colleges".
105:, also known as senior secondary school or upper secondary school. The term usually refers to a higher educational institution that provides workforce education and
504:
institutions. Many of these institutions and organizations present the most current research and practical outcomes at annual community college conferences.
1091:
904:
Geller, H.A. (2001). "A brief history of community colleges and a personal view of some issues (open admissions, occupational training and leadership)."
546:
233:
Colleges and
Institutes Canada (CICan) – publicly funded educational institutions; formerly the Association of Canadian Community Colleges (ACCC)
204:
to refer to a two-year college arts or science degree, similar to how the term is used in the United States. In other parts of Canada, the term
645:
557:
534:(ACCT) has provided education for community college boards of directors and advocacy for community colleges since 1972. ACCT President and CEO
980:
Baker, G. A. III (1994). A handbook on the community college in America: Its history, mission, and management. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
782:
302:
236:
National Association of Career Colleges – privately funded educational institutions; formerly the Association of Canadian Career Colleges
509:
728:
1846:
531:
1486:
1398:
1978:
369:
1434:
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1797:
256:
246:
1439:
627:
144:
919:
290:
1017:
893:
704:
520:
1952:
1861:
512:
has provided oversight on community college research since the 1920s. AACC publishes a research journal called the
622:
132:
122:
339:
1444:
1983:
1856:
550:
1203:
650:
268:
992:
Kasper, H.T. (2002). The changing role of community college. Occupational Outlook Quarterly, 46(4), 14–21.
1973:
983:
Cohen, A.M., Brawer, F.B. (2003) The American Community College, 4th edition. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.
61:
1737:
1132:
831:
401:
has been in continuous operation since 1913, making it the nation's longest-operating community college
228:
989:
Frye, J. H. (1992). The vision of the public junior college, 1900–1940. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
189:
Canadian colleges are either publicly funded or private post-secondary institutions (run for profit).
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1045:
21:
1464:
1380:
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688:
580:
567:
409:
57:
186:
merging of the then separate vocational training and adult education (night school) institutions.
1912:
1532:
1499:
1278:
957:"Office of Community College Research and Leadership, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"
79:
43:
810:
405:
1742:
1320:
1273:
109:
academic programs. Some institutions maintain athletic teams and dormitories similar to their
97:. The term can have different meanings in different countries: many community colleges have an
47:
1942:
1579:
1416:
1325:
1313:
1010:
565:
Several peer-reviewed journals extensively publish research on community colleges, including
496:
Some research organizations and publications focus upon the activities of community college,
438:
398:
379:
484:
Before the 1970s, community colleges in the United States were more commonly referred to as
1752:
1747:
1606:
1591:
1559:
1544:
1527:
1406:
1393:
1288:
1147:
1137:
811:"The medium-term higher education development plan and the local colleges and universities"
478:
470:
458:
454:
174:
90:
286:
training through short courses as well as providing access to a post-secondary education.
197:
8:
1824:
1767:
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1114:
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182:
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106:
102:
86:
82:
1814:
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1642:
1476:
1355:
923:
708:
327:
289:
At the moment, most community colleges award qualifications up to Level 3 in the
273:
205:
98:
1932:
1851:
1721:
1537:
1429:
1411:
1388:
1283:
1182:
1157:
1103:
658:
600:
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423:
349:
330:
124,000 annual budget in a two-story structure housing more than 700 students.
201:
28:
1967:
1882:
1711:
1637:
1549:
1350:
1198:
1127:
1098:
1086:
916:
846:
Minding the Dream: The Process and Practice of the American Community College
540:
Charting a New Course for Community Colleges: Aligning Policies with Practice
535:
434:
374:
538:
published a book about the past, present, and future of community colleges,
390:
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1081:
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427:
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53:
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469:. After graduating from a community college, some students transfer to a
308:
1701:
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110:
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128:
1907:
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39:
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94:
32:
721:"Immigration, Diversité et Inclusion Québec – Working in Québec"
386:, established in 1901 as the first community college in the U.S.
1172:
1026:
995:
832:"community college meaning in the Cambridge English Dictionary"
556:
The Office of Community College Research and Leadership at the
319:
212:
162:
278:
252:
216:
956:
751:"Perioperative Nursing/LPN – Colleges and Institutes Canada"
208:
is used to indicate a three- or four-year college program.
165:, colleges are adult educational institutions that provide
936:"CCSSE – Community College Survey of Student Engagement"
935:
779:"UGC approves 98 community colleges from five states"
445:, two-year colleges, or city colleges, are primarily
808:
764:
1965:
838:
765:"NACC – National Association of Career Colleges"
547:Center for Community College Student Engagement
646:Association of Local Colleges and Universities
255:, 98 community colleges are recognized by the
1011:
340:Institute of technology § United Kingdom
303:Local colleges and universities (Philippines)
101:policy for students who have graduated from
1018:
1004:
558:University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign
510:American Association of Community Colleges
193:towards undergraduate university degrees.
686:
532:Association of Community College Trustees
418:
404:
389:
373:
272:
133:Technical and Further Education colleges
52:
38:
868:(5th Ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
864:Cohen, A.M. & Brawer, F.B. (2008).
689:"Welcome ace.nsw.gov.au – Justhost.com"
437:, community colleges, sometimes called
370:Community colleges in the United States
1966:
848:. New York: Rowman & Littlefield.
844:Mellow, G.O. & Heelan, C. (2008).
804:
802:
800:
20:For the subway station in Boston, see
999:
477:for two to three years to complete a
85:institution, generally leading to an
1948:
1798:Ancient higher-learning institutions
318:A community college like the one in
247:University Grants Commission (India)
797:
13:
974:
348:, this term is rarely used in the
291:Malaysian Qualifications Framework
223:Canadian community college systems
14:
1995:
809:Danao, Carolina P. (2005-02-20).
521:Community College Research Center
333:
1947:
1938:
1937:
1926:
1025:
906:https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED459881
628:Workers' Educational Association
363:
949:
928:
910:
898:
878:
858:
623:Technical and further education
123:Tertiary education in Australia
1979:Types of university or college
866:The American Community College
824:
771:
757:
743:
713:
695:
687:just host (25 November 2021).
680:
296:
1:
673:
551:University of Texas at Austin
65:
1204:University technical college
813:. The Manila Bulletin Online
651:Local college and university
523:(CCRC) at Teachers College,
269:Community college (Malaysia)
257:University Grants Commission
116:
7:
888:. Community College Press.
886:The Community College Story
574:
491:
356:where they study for their
262:
145:Certificate courses I to IV
10:
2000:
1133:College-preparatory school
367:
337:
300:
266:
244:
229:List of colleges in Canada
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120:
62:East Hollywood, California
18:
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1143:Comprehensive high school
1113:
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1044:
1034:
514:Community College Journal
150:
22:Community College station
1500:State-integrated school
1374:By funding / eligibility
1153:Continuation high school
581:Articulation (education)
568:Community College Review
410:Monroe Community College
326:can operate with only a
240:
58:Los Angeles City College
27:Not to be confused with
1913:Educational institution
1533:Anarchistic free school
1279:Institute of technology
449:institutions providing
277:A community college in
44:Long Beach City College
16:Educational institution
1743:Compensatory education
1495:State or public school
1321:Upper division college
430:
416:
402:
387:
282:
71:
50:
48:Long Beach, California
1399:Comprehensive school
1326:Vocational university
884:Vaughn, G.B. (2000).
422:
408:
399:Fullerton, California
393:
380:Joliet Junior College
377:
276:
245:Further information:
121:Further information:
56:
42:
1984:Vocational education
1862:in the United States
1753:Continuing education
1748:Compulsory education
1592:Free school movement
1560:Single-sex education
1545:International school
1528:Democratic education
1407:For-profit education
1394:Community day school
1289:Liberal arts college
1148:Comprehensive school
1138:Collegiate institute
471:liberal arts college
455:continuing education
1871:Informal or illegal
1825:Medieval university
1768:Inclusive education
1738:College preparatory
1299:Residential college
1294:Research university
1231:Professional school
1106:/ Elementary school
525:Columbia University
414:Rochester, New York
378:The main campus of
183:Canadian federalism
1974:Community colleges
1933:Schools portal
1838:indigenous peoples
1835:Schools imposed on
1773:Remedial education
1707:Distance education
1523:Alternative school
1512:By style / purpose
1487:Specialist school
1346:All-through school
1194:Sixth form college
922:2009-04-05 at the
707:2011-03-02 at the
457:, that focuses on
451:tertiary education
443:technical colleges
431:
417:
403:
388:
354:sixth form college
283:
171:tertiary education
72:
51:
1961:
1960:
1896:
1895:
1778:Special education
1758:Further education
1685:
1684:
1681:
1680:
1620:
1619:
1607:Montessori school
1602:Laboratory school
1565:Specialist school
1503:
1490:
1435:UK private school
1420:
1402:
1384:
1369:
1368:
1334:
1333:
1269:Community college
1241:Vocational school
1123:Adult high school
1037:educational stage
874:978-0-470-17468-5
854:978-0-7425-6292-9
785:on 2 January 2018
725:Quebec Government
668:Further education
606:Lifelong learning
586:Distance learning
502:technical college
479:bachelor's degree
467:associate degrees
395:Fullerton College
76:community college
1991:
1951:
1950:
1941:
1940:
1931:
1930:
1929:
1820:Cathedral school
1803:Platonic Academy
1791:
1790:
1763:Gifted education
1717:Prison education
1663:Parochial school
1648:Christian school
1631:
1630:
1597:Folk high school
1585:
1584:
1516:
1515:
1501:
1489:(United Kingdom)
1488:
1472:Selective school
1418:
1400:
1382:
1236:Technical school
1224:
1223:
1188:Secondary school
1092:Global influence
1059:Pre-kindergarten
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781:. Archived from
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738:
736:
727:. Archived from
717:
711:
699:
693:
692:
684:
630:, also in the UK
596:Folk high school
453:, also known as
384:Joliet, Illinois
198:associate degree
167:higher education
157:College (Canada)
107:college transfer
87:associate degree
83:higher education
70:
67:
36:
25:
1999:
1998:
1994:
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1992:
1990:
1989:
1988:
1964:
1963:
1962:
1957:
1927:
1925:
1917:
1892:
1866:
1857:in South Africa
1840:
1836:
1829:
1815:Monastic school
1782:
1726:
1697:Boarding school
1677:
1653:Female seminary
1643:Catholic school
1616:
1574:
1507:
1477:Separate school
1365:
1356:One-room school
1330:
1274:Graduate school
1245:
1213:
1109:
1068:
1046:Early childhood
1030:
1024:
977:
975:Further reading
972:
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959:
955:
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938:
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933:
929:
924:Wayback Machine
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731:on 21 June 2015
719:
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709:Wayback Machine
700:
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486:junior colleges
439:junior colleges
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206:advanced degree
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1898:
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1888:in South Tyrol
1885:
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1430:Private school
1427:
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1185:
1183:Minor seminary
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1175:
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1165:
1160:
1158:Grammar school
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1150:
1145:
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1125:
1119:
1117:
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1110:
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1104:Primary school
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1096:
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917:gseis.ucla.edu
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601:Junior college
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583:
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498:junior college
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424:Collin College
368:Main article:
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338:Main article:
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334:United Kingdom
332:
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267:Main article:
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202:Western Canada
155:Main article:
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113:counterparts.
29:Junior college
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1351:Middle school
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1199:Studio school
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1190:/ High school
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1128:Cadet college
1126:
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1120:
1118:
1116:
1112:
1105:
1102:
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1099:Junior school
1097:
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1087:Infant school
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894:0-87117-323-9
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536:J. Noah Brown
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81:
80:undergraduate
78:is a type of
77:
63:
59:
55:
49:
45:
41:
34:
30:
23:
1570:Vocal school
1555:Music school
1417:Free school
1361:Ranch school
1268:
1209:Upper school
1178:Maths school
1082:First school
1064:Kindergarten
960:. Retrieved
951:
939:. Retrieved
930:
912:
900:
885:
880:
865:
860:
845:
840:
826:
815:. Retrieved
787:. Retrieved
783:the original
773:
759:
745:
733:. Retrieved
729:the original
724:
715:
697:
682:
571:and others.
566:
564:
539:
513:
495:
485:
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459:certificates
432:
428:Plano, Texas
343:
317:
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306:
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250:
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195:
191:
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175:certificates
160:
141:
137:
126:
75:
73:
1690:By location
1580:Progressive
1482:Sink school
1451:University
1440:preparatory
1168:Hauptschule
637:Philippines
344:Except for
309:Philippines
297:Philippines
200:is used in
103:high school
91:certificate
69: 1922
1968:Categories
1878:in Ireland
1787:Historical
1702:Day school
1314:Collegiate
1309:University
817:2008-08-19
702:cca.edu.au
674:References
591:E-learning
475:university
301:See also:
281:, Malaysia
111:university
60:campus in
1883:in Greece
1847:in Canada
1626:Religious
1425:Institute
1419:(England)
1401:(British)
1383:(England)
1163:Gymnasium
1115:Secondary
1054:Preschool
614:Australia
196:The term
129:Australia
117:Australia
1943:Category
1731:By scope
1658:Gurukula
1381:Academy
1339:Combined
1304:Seminary
1219:Tertiary
920:Archived
705:Archived
575:See also
492:Research
463:diplomas
358:A-levels
346:Scotland
263:Malaysia
179:diplomas
1953:Commons
1673:Yeshiva
1668:Madrasa
1455:private
1264:College
1259:Academy
1074:Primary
962:13 June
941:13 June
789:13 June
735:11 June
657:In the
635:In the
549:at the
433:In the
307:In the
95:diploma
33:College
1808:Lyceum
1460:public
1445:public
1251:Higher
1173:Lyceum
1027:School
892:
872:
852:
500:, and
465:, and
447:public
320:Abuyog
217:CĂ©geps
213:Quebec
163:Canada
151:Canada
1029:types
324:Leyte
279:Johor
253:India
241:India
93:, or
1908:K–12
964:2015
943:2015
890:ISBN
870:ISBN
850:ISBN
791:2015
737:2014
545:The
530:The
519:The
508:The
177:and
169:and
1035:By
612:In
473:or
426:in
412:in
397:in
382:in
328:PHP
251:In
211:In
161:In
127:In
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
