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massacres, anarchy and tyranny, hunger and poverty, pillage and violence, blood and tears—those are the essential features of that period. The country was on the verge of ruin. The economy of
Armenia had been greatly deranged. Gross industrial output had decreased in 1919 more than twelve fold as against 1913. Farming and animal husbandry were on the verge of disaster. Gross agricultural output for 1919 had dropped almost sixfold as compared with 1913 and crop areas had decreased more than fourfold. Under the Dashnak rule the peasants had over 14 kinds of taxes to pay. Hunger and poverty gave rise to frequent epidemics. Armenia became a Soviet state, ruled by the working people—the workers and the peasants."
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860:. After Republic of Armenia was established – without borders and without potential to live- Wilson refused the Armenian mandate which had been offered him by League of Nations, since the soil of Armenia veils neither oil nor platinum. “Liberated” Armenia is now less protected than it has haver been
969:
On
November 29, 1920, an armed uprising of the working people of Armenia, headed by the Communist Party and aided by the Russian people, put an end to the ill-famed Dashnak rule. The years of Dashnak rule (1918-20) are another grim page in the history of the Armenian people. Ceaseless warfare and
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From one side
Kemalist Turkey had the intention to attack Armenia, and from the other side Bolsheviks intended to Sovietize it, therefore it was evident that both would succeed if their actions were synchronized. Soviet Russia was not averse to using the aggression of the Turks in the issue of
960:, who considered the occupation of Armenia and Georgia necessary for stability and the elimination of anti-Bolshevik activity in border regions. Additionally, Lenin feared the Entente was planning to use Georgia as a staging ground for retaking Baku, which provided oil to the Soviets.
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Soviet Russia recognized the entire
Yerevan province, Zangezur, part of Kars province, some regions of Kazakh province and the territories of Tiflis province as an integral part of the Republic of Armenia, which were part of the Republic of Armenia until September 28,
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was called in 1-8 September 1920 in Baku. The
Congress formulated a council of propaganda and actions of Peoples of the East, which on 17 September adopted a resolution on enforced Sovietization of Armenia with the help of Turkish aggression.
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After military defeat of
Dashnak forces by Turks in October-November 1920, the Red Army invaded Armenia, where Armenian SSR was established in November 1920. The Red Army continued to face military opposition only in
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The current figures of the current
Armenian political party (Dashnaktsutyun) and other social parties of the Republic of Armenia were not to be subject to repression for membership in these parties.
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The officers of the Army of the
Republic of Armenia were released from responsibility for actions initiated prior to the proclamation of Soviet power in Armenia.
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In the conflict of
Entente with Turkey Armenia played the same programmatic role as Belgium in the conflict with Germany, as Serbia in the conflict with
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Sovietization of
Armenia, and therefore for this purpose it was necessary to prepare the aggression of the Turks with the appropriate propaganda.
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A Provisional Military-Revolutionary Committee shall assume power over Armenia until the convention of a Congress of Soviets
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According to historian Brinegar, Sovietization of Armenia was pushed by a faction of Bolsheviks including Narimanov,
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1036:"Второй конгресс Коминтерна. 19 июля-7 августа 1920 г. Манифест II конгресса Коммунистического Интернационала"
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The composition of the temporary ruling committee was to consist of 5 Bolsheviks and two left confederates.
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The government of Soviet Russia was committed to ensuring the security of the territory of Soviet Armenia.
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On December 2, 1920, an agreement was signed on behalf of the Dashnak government of Armenia.
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The Republic of Armenia: Between Crescent and Sickle: Partition and Sovietization
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Inspired by the Bolsheviks’ success in Azerbaijan, Armenian Bolsheviks organized
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1108:"The Oil Deal: Nariman Narimanov and the Sovietization of Azerbaijan"
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The Republic of Armenia: From London to Sèvres, February–August 1920
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Such a political situation inspired Bolsheviks, and particularly
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The Republic of Armenia: From Versailles to London, 1919–1920
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The governing party of Armenia was the socialist-nationalist
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was held. Its manifest of which stipulated the following: “
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had drafted a favorable map for Armenia according to the
807:. The invasion coincided with two concurrent events, the
2211:
Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina
869:, which resulted in resignation of the government of
791:
was a military campaign which was carried out by the
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managed to suppress the coup with his tough policy.
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1366:The Birth and Development of the Armenian Republic
1364:. Հայաստանի Հանրապետութեան Ծագումն ու Զարգացումը (
1234:The Republic of Armenia: The First Year, 1918–1919
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852:2nd World Congress of the Communist International
2622:
2226:Soviet re-occupation of the Baltic states (1944)
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2199:Soviet occupation of the Baltic states (1940)
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2646:Turkish involvement in the Russian Civil War
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1166:. University of Alberta Libraries. , . 1972.
2152:Red Army intervention in Afghanistan (1930)
2147:Red Army intervention in Afghanistan (1929)
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1468:Military history of the Russian Federation
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1338:The Struggle for Transcaucasia (1917–1921)
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1388:
1381:. Bruxelles: Editions Complexe, 1989.
888:, who was a supporter of the idea of
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1101:
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186:Overthrow of the Armenian government
47:adding citations to reliable sources
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850:From 19 July to 7 August 1920, the
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1188:
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14:
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2115:Red Army intervention in Mongolia
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2169:Soviet–Japanese border conflicts
1962:Russian conquest of Central Asia
1898:Russian conquest of the Caucasus
1694:Polish–Muscovite War (1605–1618)
1636:Insurgency in the North Caucasus
1059:Sahakyan, Ruben (28 June 2021).
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2455:Deployment in Kazakhstan (2022)
2100:Red Army invasion of Azerbaijan
2041:1919 Soviet invasion of Ukraine
598:Southern Front counteroffensive
165:24 September – 29 November 1920
34:needs additional citations for
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1787:War of the Austrian Succession
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1204:University of California Press
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256:Turkish Provisional Government
58:"Red Army invasion of Armenia"
1:
2360:South Ossetia war (1991–1992)
2238:Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran
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1925:Russo-Turkish War (1828–1829)
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1766:Russo-Turkish War (1710–1711)
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873:, however new government of
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2305:Sino-Soviet border conflict
2174:Soviet invasion of Xinjiang
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2078:Latvian War of Independence
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1858:War of the Fourth Coalition
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1003:
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141:Turkish War of Independence
10:
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2350:First Nagorno-Karabakh War
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1079:"Sovietization of Armenia"
994:Soviet invasion of Armenia
2666:First Republic of Armenia
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2189:Soviet invasion of Poland
1999:
1883:French invasion of Russia
1751:
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1494:Muscovite–Lithuanian Wars
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1314:. Vol. 4. Berkeley:
1288:. Vol. 3. Berkeley:
1262:. Vol. 2. Berkeley:
1236:. Vol. 1. Berkeley:
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801:First Republic of Armenia
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2661:Armenia–Russia relations
2330:South African Border War
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990:Sovietization of Armenia
975:
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1308:Hovannisian, Richard G.
1282:Hovannisian, Richard G.
1256:Hovannisian, Richard G.
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1106:Brinegar, Sara (2017).
867:an uprising in May 1920
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2523:-related article is a
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299:Mikhail Levandovsky
232:Armenian Bolsheviks
2691:August 1920 events
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984:also known as the
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1621:First Chechen War
1601:Russian Civil War
1596:Decembrist revolt
1586:Bulavin Rebellion
1581:Razin's Rebellion
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1519:Russo-Polish Wars
1487:Lists by opponent
1351:978-0-95-600040-8
1340:. New York City:
1334:Kazemzadeh, Firuz
845:Wilsonian Armenia
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613:Advance on Moscow
553:Hryhoriv Uprising
528:Northern Caucasus
518:Voronezh–Povorino
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2365:Transnistria War
2310:War of Attrition
2216:Continuation War
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1957:January Uprising
1798:Seven Years' War
1698:Time of Troubles
1664:Russo-Kazan Wars
1509:Russo-Kazan Wars
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948:Soviet rationale
841:Treaty of Sevres
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809:Turkish invasion
742:Tambov Rebellion
732:Northern Taurida
717:Ulagay's Landing
563:Chapan rebellion
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2132:August Uprising
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1984:Boxer Rebellion
1952:Amur Annexation
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1606:August Uprising
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747:Perekop–Chonhar
722:Obytichnyi Spit
578:Bender Uprising
543:Khotyn Uprising
390:
386:
383:
381:
338:
337:
327:
323:Kâzım Karabekir
315:
314:
312:
302:
301:
291:
290:
280:
260:
248:
247:
237:
235:
234:
225:
223:
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213:
211:
187:
177:
152:
115:
104:
98:
95:
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2719:
2709:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2617:
2616:
2609:
2602:
2594:
2591:
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2573:
2560:
2559:
2552:
2545:
2537:
2534:
2533:
2516:
2489:
2488:
2486:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2468:Russian Winter
2464:
2461:
2460:
2458:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2436:
2435:
2430:
2425:
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2410:
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2396:
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2377:
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2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2295:Vlora incident
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2246:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2234:
2233:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2207:
2206:
2196:
2191:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2086:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2065:
2060:
2058:Sochi conflict
2055:
2050:
2045:
2044:
2043:
2028:
2027:
2026:
2016:
2011:
2005:
2003:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1993:
1992:
1991:
1981:
1976:
1975:
1974:
1969:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1948:
1947:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1916:
1915:
1910:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1784:
1779:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1757:
1755:
1749:
1748:
1746:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1691:
1686:
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1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1655:
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1647:
1646:
1644:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
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1578:
1572:
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1541:
1536:
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1526:
1521:
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1506:
1501:
1496:
1490:
1488:
1484:
1483:
1481:
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1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1444:
1438:
1434:
1433:
1412:
1411:
1404:
1397:
1389:
1383:
1382:
1369:
1356:
1350:
1330:
1325:978-0520088047
1324:
1304:
1299:978-0520088030
1298:
1278:
1273:978-0520041868
1272:
1252:
1247:978-0520019843
1246:
1226:
1213:978-0520005747
1212:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1153:
1118:(2): 372–394.
1095:
1070:
1051:
1025:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1017:
1012:
1005:
1002:
977:
974:
949:
946:
945:
944:
941:
938:
935:
932:
928:
925:
914:
911:
837:Woodrow Wilson
833:Dashnaktsutyun
828:
825:
805:Russian Empire
780:
779:
777:
776:
771:
765:
764:
760:
759:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
709:
704:
699:
698:
697:
692:
682:
677:
675:North Caucasus
672:
667:
661:
660:
656:
655:
650:
645:
640:
635:
630:
625:
620:
618:Nizhyn–Poltava
615:
610:
605:
600:
595:
590:
585:
580:
575:
570:
565:
560:
555:
550:
545:
540:
535:
530:
525:
520:
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513:
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508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
458:
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
428:
423:
418:
412:
411:
407:
406:
400:
399:
395:
392:
391:
385:Southern Front
380:
379:
372:
365:
357:
349:
348:
335:Simon Vratsian
325:
276:
275:
271:
270:
258:
244:Azerbaijan SSR
207:
206:
202:
201:
198:
197:
196:
195:
183:
179:
178:
173:
171:
167:
166:
163:
155:
154:
144:
143:
128:
127:
121:
120:
117:
116:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2718:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2615:
2610:
2608:
2603:
2601:
2596:
2595:
2589:
2587:
2583:
2579:
2574:
2571:
2567:
2566:
2558:
2553:
2551:
2546:
2544:
2539:
2538:
2532:
2530:
2526:
2522:
2517:
2511:
2505:
2500:
2499:
2495:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2465:
2462:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2434:
2433:2022 invasion
2431:
2429:
2428:War in Donbas
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2415:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2405:
2403:
2397:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2265:Ili Rebellion
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2232:
2229:
2228:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2205:
2202:
2201:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2186:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2163:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2070:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2042:
2039:
2038:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2032:
2029:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2006:
2004:
1998:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1964:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1946:
1943:
1942:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1905:
1904:
1903:Caucasian War
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1758:
1756:
1750:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1656:
1654:
1648:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1573:
1571:
1567:
1557:
1554:
1550:
1547:
1546:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1489:
1485:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1445:
1442:
1439:
1435:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1410:
1405:
1403:
1398:
1396:
1391:
1390:
1387:
1380:
1376:
1370:
1367:
1363:
1359:(in Armenian)
1357:
1353:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1192:
1179:
1173:
1165:
1164:
1157:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1112:Slavic Review
1109:
1102:
1100:
1084:
1080:
1074:
1066:
1062:
1055:
1041:
1037:
1030:
1026:
1016:
1015:May uprisings
1013:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1001:
999:
995:
991:
987:
982:
972:
971:
964:
961:
959:
955:
954:Joseph Stalin
942:
939:
936:
933:
929:
926:
923:
922:
921:
918:
910:
908:
907:Garegin Njdeh
904:
898:
895:
891:
887:
882:
878:
876:
872:
868:
863:
861:
859:
853:
848:
846:
842:
838:
834:
824:
822:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
797:Soviet Russia
794:
790:
775:
772:
770:
767:
766:
762:
761:
758:
755:
753:
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
696:
693:
691:
688:
687:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
662:
658:
657:
654:
651:
649:
646:
644:
641:
639:
636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
624:
621:
619:
616:
614:
611:
609:
606:
604:
601:
599:
596:
594:
593:Mamontov Raid
591:
589:
586:
584:
581:
579:
576:
574:
571:
569:
566:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
546:
544:
541:
539:
536:
534:
531:
529:
526:
524:
521:
519:
516:
515:
511:
510:
507:
504:
502:
499:
497:
494:
492:
489:
487:
484:
482:
479:
477:
474:
472:
469:
467:
464:
462:
461:Transcaucasia
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
437:
434:
432:
429:
427:
424:
422:
419:
417:
414:
413:
409:
408:
405:
402:
401:
397:
396:
393:
388:
378:
373:
371:
366:
364:
359:
358:
355:
347:
342:
336:
331:
326:
324:
319:
313:
311:
306:
300:
295:
289:
284:
278:
277:
272:
269:
264:
259:
257:
252:
246:
245:
233:
221:
209:
208:
203:
194:
190:
189:
188:
184:
181:
180:
176:
172:
169:
168:
164:
161:
160:
156:
150:
145:
142:
138:
134:
129:
124:
113:
110:
102:
99:November 2022
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
2586:expanding it
2575:
2529:expanding it
2518:
2515:
2493:
2184:World War II
2104:
1708:Smolensk War
1674:Livonian War
1378:
1365:
1337:
1311:
1285:
1259:
1233:
1202:. Berkeley:
1199:
1162:
1156:
1115:
1111:
1087:. Retrieved
1085:. 2015-08-26
1082:
1073:
1064:
1054:
1043:. Retrieved
1039:
1029:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
979:
968:
966:
962:
951:
919:
916:
899:
883:
879:
864:
855:
849:
830:
788:
786:
726:
680:Novorossiysk
441:Steppe March
279:
220:Russian SFSR
210:
205:Belligerents
193:Armenian SSR
185:
131:Part of the
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
2290:Vietnam War
2160: [
2019:World War I
1940:Crimean War
1873:Finnish War
1789:(1740–1748)
1778:(1733–1738)
1703:Ingrian War
1419:(including
1372:(in French)
643:3rd Kharkiv
633:Khopyor–Don
608:Perehonivka
588:2nd Kharkiv
404:1st Kharkiv
2625:Categories
2325:Ogaden War
2275:Korean War
2194:Winter War
2063:Heimosodat
1650:Tsardom of
1222:1028172352
1089:2022-12-05
1045:2022-11-04
1021:References
996:, and the
862:.”
827:Background
813:Bolsheviks
752:2nd Crimea
685:Azerbaijan
653:2nd Donbas
623:Orel–Kursk
548:1st Donbas
456:1st Crimea
451:March Days
426:Donbas-Don
69:newspapers
1945:Åland War
1913:Murid War
1752:18th–19th
1310:(1996b).
1284:(1996a).
1172:cite book
1148:164460883
1132:0037-6779
793:11th Army
481:Tsaritsyn
436:Ice March
2478:Cold War
2340:Gulf War
1696:and the
1569:Internal
1425:Imperial
1336:(1951).
1258:(1982).
1232:(1971).
1198:(1967).
1140:26565087
1004:See also
905:, where
871:Vratsian
712:Lankaran
648:4th Kiev
603:3rd Kiev
558:Binagadi
538:2nd Kiev
501:Dibrivka
486:Kurdamir
446:Iași–Don
431:1st Kiev
421:Shamkhor
170:Location
139:and the
2418:Outline
2401:century
2002:century
1754:century
1437:Related
1421:Tsarist
886:Trotsky
817:Yerevan
774:Georgia
727:Armenia
702:Ochakov
533:Ukraine
471:Goychay
268:Armenia
83:scholar
1728:Deluge
1652:Russia
1431:times)
1429:Soviet
1417:Russia
1348:
1322:
1296:
1270:
1244:
1220:
1210:
1146:
1138:
1130:
992:, the
988:, the
956:, and
913:Treaty
903:Syunik
707:Anzali
695:Sarvan
690:Yalama
416:Mughan
241:
229:
217:
182:Result
135:, the
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
2580:is a
2519:This
2164:]
1144:S2CID
1136:JSTOR
976:Notes
931:1920.
769:Anapa
670:Odesa
583:Odesa
491:Livny
476:Sochi
466:Kuban
90:JSTOR
76:books
2582:stub
2525:stub
2399:21st
2000:20th
1427:and
1346:ISBN
1320:ISBN
1294:ISBN
1268:ISBN
1242:ISBN
1218:OCLC
1208:ISBN
1178:link
1128:ISSN
787:The
763:1921
659:1920
512:1919
496:Baku
410:1918
398:1917
162:Date
62:news
1120:doi
795:of
45:by
2627::
2162:ru
1423:,
1377:.
1344:.
1318:.
1292:.
1266:.
1240:.
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