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and bilingual national character, as well as the strong status of the French language and culture in Quebec. Opponents to Québécois nationalism point to the fact that Quebec is just as ethnically diverse as the rest of Canada and therefore is divisible by different ethnic and language groups, or point to the shared
Francophone heritage of the ROC (
177:
due to its unique history, shared major language and common heritage. Opponents of sovereignty generally believe it to be a dangerous idea due to the political, financial, personal and economic ties between
Quebecers and other Canadians. Some see it as being unnecessary due to Canada's multicultural
685:
This strain of
Canadian federalism is strictly against reopening the Constitution and supports policies of shared and exclusive provincial jurisdiction in areas such as taxation, healthcare and immigration. They defend the federal government occasionally encroaching on areas that Quebec governments
487:
for Quebec within the
Canadian federation. This approach to national unity has a long tradition within Canadian federalism that in some respects can be traced back to the compromises of the 19th century that were essential to the unification of Upper and Lower Canada and eventually Confederation.
681:
Federalists in favour of the status quo, or symmetrical federalists, also defend Quebec remaining within Canada; however, they support the status quo division of powers between Ottawa and Quebec City and the current
Constitution. Current Liberal Party leader and Prime Minister of Canada, Justin
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in 1867. The
Federalist view of Canadian history suggests that Canada as a nation is intrinsically tied to the Canadian people, a product of imperial synthesis. The realities of colonial-era life for French and British settlers was heavily influenced by local considerations, such as climate,
690:(legislation introduced by the Chrétien government, essentially giving the federal government the right to establish a "clear majority" threshold for any sovereignty referendum at its own discretion and after the fact - this is opposed by the Quebec Liberal Party).
143:) is concerned with the support of confederation in regards to the federal union of Canada: that is, support for the principles and/or political system of the government of Canada (status quo). This issue has been summarized as revolving around the concepts of
712:
Although this strain of uncompromising, centralising
Canadian federalism is most often associated with the Liberal Party of Canada and the political tradition of Pierre Trudeau, it also has adherents from other parties and across the political spectrum.
727:
In
English, federalism has been defined as a "mode of political organization that unites separate states or other polities within an overarching political system in such a way as to allow each to maintain its own fundamental political integrity".
2204:
686:(both federalist and sovereigntist) consider their rightful jurisdiction. In general, federalists of this school of thought are opposed to officially recognising Quebec as a "nation" or "distinct society" within Canada, and support the
561:, is now opposed to sovereignty but takes a moderate nationalist approach to identity and favours strongly a primary role for Quebec in its internal affairs. Its predecessor, the more radical right of centre, economic liberal,
356:
required a cooperative relationship with these already established societies, and the French were more than willing to do so, recognizing some 39 sovereign
Aboriginal nations as strategic partners and allies at the
165:
sentiment has swung between the federalist and sovereigntist options, with many Quebec nationalists willing to be a part of a
Canadian federation with a more decentralized government. Quebecer anglophones and
799:– Currently government party in Quebec, originally formed by members of the PQ and Liberal Party, wishing to move past the National Question, the CAQ is now officially opposed to sovereignty albeit it
1218:
409:, and decided against pursuing any more involvement in the economically unsustainable colony. Under British administration, the influx of new capital as a result of the migration of
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also supported asymmetrical federalism, albeit he was in favour of the Clarity Act. For the most part though, the federal Liberals are associated with symmetrical federalism.
682:
Trudeau at one point suggested that gaining Quebec's signature to the Constitution was not a priority, putting him at odds with many past federalists from his home province.
182:). Many federalists believe that Canada comprises many nations in the cultural and ethnic, non-political sense; and that Quebec can be divided into just as many nations as
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on independence, the party has had no defining plan for official national recognition, albeit in general the Party has taken many stances in favour of autonomy and
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In French, fédération can be defined as: (1) a methodical approach of defining a set of types in regards to complex realities, applied to state organization.
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Currently, governmental oversight is shared amongst a federal legislature and a number of legislatures whose power is distributed as per the Constitution.
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province within Canada, while the latter, like its former national parent party, supports maintaining the status quo with Quebec remaining part of Canada.
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in 1701. In effect, this singular event best represents proto-Canadian Federalism, and would serve as a model for later political developments. After the
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in 1960. For decades it has acted as a broad tent for federalists from across the political spectrum. Important leaders have included
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is based on a variety of historical and cultural justifications, principally centred on the composition of Canadian culture prior to
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This compromise as political system has been called a “quasi-federal concept”, as well as described as a "post-nation" state.
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and elites were quick to abandon New France, and that a resentment had been growing against imperial domination. The
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a grouping of various associations, unions, parties, and clubs. It can also be used as synonym for federal state.
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is the sole sovereigntist federal party with seats in the House of Commons. Two provincial political parties, the
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became the economic focal point of the new colony, and a strong proponent of a new national identity. During the
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is a former member of the Parti Québécois and former sovereigntist, and its ideology is generally speaking
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fought with the British colonial government for enhanced representation, among other grievances.
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381:, and perhaps most importantly, the traditional agrarian lifestyles and languages of the early
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represented a progressive, left-leaning variety of federalist nationalism throughout the
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administration was cognizant of the development of a new culture many years before
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have also taken a stance in favour of greater autonomy for Quebec within Canada.
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619:(who also opposed the Clarity Act), and some Quebec figures within the modern
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Federalist Quebec nationalists defend the concept of Quebec remaining within
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geography and established Aboriginal societies. The economic realities of
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decided to leave many socio-cultural institutions in place, such as the
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moved in the direction of asymmetrical federalism under former leaders
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and was not assimilated. The British were quick to recognize that the
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Supporters of independence point to their belief that Quebec is a
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365:, the British colonial authority administering the newly created
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982:(in French). Montréal: Les Presses de l'Université de Montréal.
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Et si nous dansions? Pour une politique du bien commun au Canada
600:), and support for enhancing French language rights. Within the
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has put forward a series of arguments aimed at integrating
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Recently, the Université de Montréal political philosopher
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eras (1960s to 1990s). However, since the failures of the
550:, one that recognizes Canada's multi-national character.
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While the usual denomination for all followers is simply
170:
have been overwhelmingly opposed to Quebec's secession.
2210:
Language policies of Canada's provinces and territories
588:, both Quebec natives. This included opposition to the
425:
and the threat of a newly independent and militaristic
2268:
Royal Commission of Inquiry on Constitutional Problems
2222:
Official bilingualism in the public service of Canada
596:, which brought the NDP in line with position of the
673:
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The centre-right, autonomist and Quebec nationalist
193:
Most major federal political parties, including the
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60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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2262:Royal Commission on Dominion-Provincial Relations
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959:Shall We Dance? A Patriotic Politics for Canada
626:Notable asymmetrical federalists have included
762:Represented in the National Assembly of Quebec
693:Notable symmetrical federalists have included
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961:. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press.
465:Quebec nationalist federalism and autonomism
2459:2020 Canadian pipeline and railway protests
2215:Legal dispute over Quebec's language policy
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557:or CAQ, led by former PQ cabinet minister
213:with Quebec remaining part of Canada. The
801:supports a significant degree of autonomy
461:, two main branches can be sketched out.
327:Learn how and when to remove this message
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
576:More recently at the federal level, the
740:Represented in the Parliament of Canada
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389:. In this sense, Canada was spared the
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1940:List of Canadian peacekeeping missions
1292:Changement Intégrité pour notre Québec
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569:status within Canada while remaining
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2089:Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms
1307:Nouveau Parti démocratique du Québec
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265:adding citations to reliable sources
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151:and opposition to the desires of
1975:Canada in the War in Afghanistan
1879:List of National Parks of Canada
1733:Debate on the monarchy in Canada
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437:, Canadian federalists, such as
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27:Overview of federalism in Quebec
2497:Canada–United Kingdom relations
2200:Official bilingualism in Canada
1589:Canadian cultural protectionism
252:needs additional citations for
45:needs additional citations for
2480:Canada–United States relations
2094:Charter of the French Language
1719:Canadian Citizenship Act, 1946
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878:Unionism in the United Kingdom
811:and Quebec autonomist. In the
613:Progressive Conservative Party
578:New Democratic Party of Canada
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2011:Royal Canadian Mounted Police
1790:Canadiens–Maple Leafs rivalry
1615:National identities in Canada
1297:Citoyens au pouvoir du Québec
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563:Action démocratique du Québec
546:nationalism within a renewed
1447:2012 Quebec student protests
1380:2012 Quebec general election
1375:2014 Quebec general election
1370:2018 Quebec general election
1365:2022 Quebec general election
1280:Parti conservateur du Québec
1012:, accessed September 1, 2019
751:Conservative Party of Canada
621:Conservative Party of Canada
343:should remain a part of the
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2468:International relationships
2138:Conscription Crisis of 1944
2133:Conscription Crisis of 1917
2061:Quebec sovereignty movement
1872:Landmarks, parks and nature
1390:Referendums on independence
1126:Former lieutenant-governors
914:Soviet socialist patriotism
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815:, his party won a majority.
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611:On the Right, former the
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1970:Canada in the Korean War
1708:Debates and legislation:
209:support maintaining the
2514:Canada–France relations
2502:Commonwealth of Nations
2436:Eeyou Istchee James Bay
2257:Rebellions of 1837–1838
2183:Québécois nation motion
2165:Quebec referendum, 1995
2160:Quebec referendum, 1980
1741:Republicanism in Canada
1456:Other Canadian politics
1265:Parti libéral du Québec
1260:Coalition Avenir Québec
1242:Government House Leader
1206:Speaker of the Assembly
797:Coalition Avenir Québec
772:Liberal Party of Canada
746:Liberal Party of Canada
674:"Status-quo" federalism
602:Liberal Party of Canada
555:Coalition Avenir Québec
508:Parti libéral du Québec
359:Great Peace of Montreal
219:Coalition Avenir Québec
195:Liberal Party of Canada
2348:National organizations
2293:Constitution Act, 1982
2280:Fulton–Favreau formula
2276:debate (1960s to 1982)
2109:Lower Canada Rebellion
1960:Canada in the Cold War
1955:Canada in World War II
1853:Architecture of Canada
1598:Demographics of Canada
1173:Government departments
803:. Its founding leader
604:former Prime Minister
594:Sherbrooke Declaration
529:1995 Quebec referendum
447:William Lyon MacKenzie
345:Canadian Confederation
276:"Federalism in Quebec"
69:"Federalism in Quebec"
2244:Territorial relations
2051:Anti-Quebec sentiment
1950:Canada in World War I
1935:Canadian Armed Forces
1317:Parti indépendantiste
1312:Parti unité nationale
809:fiscally conservative
439:Louis-Joseph Papineau
207:Green Party of Canada
153:Quebec sovereigntists
141:Fédéralisme au Québec
2573:Federalism in Canada
2415:(no final agreement)
2364:North-West Rebellion
2325:Charlottetown Accord
2148:Vive le Québec libre
2099:Civil Code of Quebec
2066:Federalism in Quebec
1991:Government of Canada
1928:War and peacekeeping
1737:Monarchism in Canada
1622:Canadian nationalism
1342:Parti vert du Québec
886:Unionism in Scotland
866:Autonomism in Quebec
851:Canadian nationalism
768:Quebec Liberal Party
756:New Democratic Party
598:Quebec Liberal Party
485:national recognition
471:Autonomism in Quebec
453:Ideological branches
261:improve this article
223:Quebec Liberal Party
203:New Democratic Party
133:Federalism in Quebec
54:improve this article
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2358:Red River Rebellion
2341:Aboriginal politics
2331:Calgary Declaration
2242:Federal–Provincial–
2177:Sponsorship scandal
2016:VIA Rail Canada Inc
2006:Royal Canadian Mint
1785:Toronto Maple Leafs
1726:National Anthem Act
1385:Electoral districts
1113:Lieutenant Governor
900:Belgian nationalism
894:Unionism in England
882:Unionism in Ireland
856:Canadian federalism
571:Quebec nationalists
548:Canadian federalism
503:Daniel Johnson, Sr.
2578:Politics of Quebec
2535:Current challenges
2393:Inuit territories
2205:Gendron Commission
2025:Relations between
1984:Crown corporations
1780:Montreal Canadiens
1656:Alberta separatism
1651:Western alienation
1639:Quebec nationalism
1632:Canadian ethnicity
1440:Quebec sovereignty
1418:Quebec nationalism
1302:Équipe autonomiste
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846:Quebec nationalism
836:Politics of Canada
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792:Philippe Couillard
735:Federalist parties
640:Philippe Couillard
567:political autonomy
533:self-determination
435:Rebellions of 1837
379:Seigneurial System
367:Province of Quebec
341:Province of Quebec
339:The idea that the
233:Historical context
163:Quebec nationalist
160:sovereignty debate
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1423:National question
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1183:Opposition Leader
1066:. 4 January 2017.
976:Charles Blattberg
955:Charles Blattberg
890:Unionism in Wales
841:History of Canada
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540:Charles Blattberg
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499:Maurice Duplessis
423:Eastern Townships
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813:2018 election
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717:Related Terms
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703:Stéphane Dion
700:
699:Jean Chrétien
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349:Confederation
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71: –
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65:Find sources:
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43:This article
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1427:
1214:Nathalie Roy
1191:Marc Tanguay
1061:
1052:
1038:
1027:. Retrieved
1017:
979:
958:
949:
918:
788:Jean Charest
730:
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684:
680:
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636:Jean Charest
625:
610:
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552:
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458:
456:
415:Upper Canada
407:The Conquest
385:, the first
338:
323:
314:
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297:
290:
283:
271:
259:Please help
254:verification
251:
192:
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140:
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107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
2404:NunatuKavut
2179:(1996-2004)
2170:Unity Rally
2111:(1837-1838)
1945:War of 1812
1818:Maple syrup
1229:Legislature
905:Yugoslavism
780:Claude Ryan
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80:newspapers
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978:(2004).
957:(2003).
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421:and the
221:and the
205:and the
2446:claimed
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184:Ontario
94:scholar
2399:(1984)
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2327:(1992)
2309:(1971)
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965:
666:, and
513:Lesage
497:under
477:Canada
417:, the
377:, the
303:
296:
289:
282:
274:
201:, the
197:, the
175:nation
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137:French
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82:
75:
67:
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1914:Banff
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592:(the
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308:JSTOR
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2290:and
2030:and
1739:and
1712:Name
1400:1995
1395:1980
984:ISBN
963:ISBN
790:and
705:and
584:and
523:and
515:and
491:The
483:and
445:and
280:news
73:news
1996:CBC
1508:PEI
1008:at
263:by
186:or
56:by
2564::
1832::
1814::
1771::
1528:NU
1523:NT
1518:YU
1513:NL
1503:NS
1498:NB
1493:QC
1488:ON
1483:MB
1478:SK
1473:AB
1468:BC
1060:.
998:^
933:/
929:/
912:/
892:,
888:,
884:,
786:,
782:,
778:,
709:.
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135:(
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