372:
33:
281:
77:
263:
52:
287:
The flowers grow from a clublike, somewhat square, whirled cluster; immediately below this club is a pair of stalkless leaves standing out on either side like a collar. The flowers are two-lipped and tubular. The top lip is a purple hood, and the bottom lip is often white; it has three lobes, with
276:
The leaves are lance-shaped, serrated and reddish at the tip, about 2.5 cm (0.98 in) long and 1.5 cm (0.59 in) broad, and growing in opposite pairs down the square stem. Each leaf has 3-7 veins that shoot off the middle vein to the margin. The stalks of the leaves are generally
1020:
288:
the middle lobe being larger and fringed upwardly. Flowers bloom at different times depending on climate and other conditions, but mostly in summer (from June to August in the USA).
1024:
422:
drink a cold infusion of the whole plant as a common beverage. The plant is traditionally used by some
Indigenous cultures to treat various physical ailments.
904:
1045:
1843:
1516:
645:
Natural
Arrangement of British Plants: According to Their Relations to Each Other, as Pointed Out by Jussieu, De Candolle, Brown &c... vol 2
1741:
1604:
1828:
1368:
1622:
1702:
1454:
273:
grows 5β30 cm (2.0β11.8 in) high, with creeping, self-rooting, tough, square, reddish stems branching at the leaf axes.
1542:
1467:
1640:
1178:
1151:
1116:
1085:
955:
791:
764:
332:, and is common in most temperate climates. It was introduced to many countries in the 1800s and has become invasive in the
1858:
1547:
878:
1848:
1402:
1363:
1104:
Wildflowers of Oregon: A Field Guide to Over 400 Wildflowers, Trees, and Shrubs of the Coast, Cascades, and High Desert
971:
1853:
1209:
1201:
709:
670:
388:
is edible. The young leaves and stems can be eaten raw in salads; the plant as a whole can be boiled and eaten as a
1782:
1609:
1503:
687:
1777:
1645:
1720:
1591:
76:
1309:
1446:
1433:
407:
to treat dizziness, red eyes, dry cough, and dermatitis and boils. It is also a main ingredient in several
404:
1329:
363:
It grows on roadsides, gardens, waste-places, and woodland edges, and usually in basic and neutral soils.
1728:
1529:
1291:
1262:
807:
1715:
1472:
392:; and the aerial parts of the plant can be powdered and brewed in a cold infusion to make a beverage.
1838:
1833:
1632:
586:
1583:
1441:
1355:
1792:
1707:
1521:
1428:
1224:
831:
371:
1168:
1141:
943:
781:
752:
660:
643:
1071:
905:"Ethnobotanical Survey of Daksum Forest Range of Anantnag District, Jammu and Kashmir, India"
291:
Self-heal propagates both by seed and vegetatively by creeping stems that root at the nodes.
193:
1671:
1560:
32:
1495:
1376:
400:
360:. It is boiled in water, which is used to wash and bathe in order to relieve muscle pain.
8:
41:
1273:
996:
1800:
1694:
1420:
1077:
924:
729:
71:
1746:
1170:
Handbook of
Medicinal Mints (Aromathematics): Phytochemicals and Biological Activities
563:
1666:
1337:
1205:
1197:
1174:
1147:
1122:
1112:
1081:
951:
874:
787:
760:
705:
666:
928:
1805:
1342:
916:
581:
170:
1296:
1283:
920:
1733:
1653:
1570:
527:
498:
478:
408:
333:
114:
1769:
1596:
1689:
1681:
474:
434:
419:
389:
280:
101:
1126:
1822:
1555:
1407:
1247:
572:
520:
is derived from 'Brunella', a word which is itself a derivative, taken from "
490:
482:
430:
329:
209:
61:
56:
1534:
617:
262:
1759:
1196:
Gledhill, David (2008). "The Names of Plants". Cambridge
University Press.
1108:
1102:
494:
903:
Fayaz, Mufida; Jain, Ashok K.; Bhat, Musadiq
Hussain; Kumar, Amit (2019).
1578:
1480:
1319:
1256:
470:
458:
412:
341:
1658:
1459:
665:(Dover republication ed.). USA: Courier Corporation. p. 399.
531:
462:
248:
855:
1485:
1415:
1389:
466:
337:
160:
1218:
1754:
1617:
1241:
454:
450:
150:
140:
127:
1508:
1394:
704:
Excursion Flora of the
British Isles. Cambridge University Press.
545:
Self-heal and heal-all refer to its uses in traditional medicine.
1350:
442:
353:
349:
662:
The Herb Book: The Most
Complete Catalog of Herbs Ever Published
1381:
1304:
506:
502:
345:
325:
317:
486:
251:
88:
702:
Clapham, A.R., Tutin, T.G. and
Warburg, E.F. 1968. p. 347.
321:
1167:
Duke, James A.; Beckstrom-Sternberg, Stephen M. (2001).
1166:
854:
PIER, 2016. Honolulu, USA: HEAR, University of Hawaii.
783:
Weeds of
California and Other Western States, Volume 1
277:
short, but can be up to 5 cm (2.0 in) long.
352:, it is generally abundant. This herb also grows in
1046:"Wong Lo Kat Chinese Herbal Tea (Ingredients List)"
948:
A Field Guide to
Western Medicinal Plants and Herbs
689:
The English Names of Our Commonest Wild Flowers ...
1143:Indian Medicinal Plants: An Illustrated Dictionary
964:
902:
1063:
832:"Prunella vulgaris key to species, Jepson eFlora"
1820:
1073:Medicinal Plants of North America: A Field Guide
935:
1133:
909:Journal of Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants
587:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T203256A78457152.en
780:DiTomaso, Joseph M.; Healy, Evelyn A. (2007).
779:
561:
521:
1192:
1190:
942:Foster, Steven; Hobbs, Christopher (2002).
941:
950:. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 231.
865:
863:
740:. United States Department of Agriculture.
50:
31:
891:Census Catalogue of the Flora of Ireland.
585:
411:, including commercial beverages such as
1187:
1069:
988:
730:"Conservation Plant Characteristics for
648:. Baldwin, Cradock and Joy. p. 389.
370:
279:
261:
994:
896:
860:
1844:Plants used in Native American cuisine
1821:
889:Scannell, M.P. and Synnott, D.M. 1972
724:
722:
720:
718:
685:
612:
610:
608:
606:
604:
542:means 'usual', 'common', or 'vulgar'.
1223:
1222:
1139:
1100:
692:T. Buncle & Company. p. 195.
1783:2545174e-4b86-4506-a7f3-f32e28b14cf9
1633:1ba35980-4d33-443c-8332-2b7c5435d5c3
1021:"Chinese Medicine Specimen Database"
750:
658:
641:
1829:IUCN Red List least concern species
715:
601:
573:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
13:
14:
1870:
869:Parnell, J. and Curtis, T. 2012.
856:Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk
425:
1721:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:455176-1
75:
1160:
1094:
1038:
1013:
883:
848:
824:
800:
538:was historically used to cure.
972:"Selfheal - Prunella vulgaris"
773:
744:
696:
679:
652:
635:
555:
316:is a perennial herb native in
257:
254:in the mint family Lamiaceae.
1:
995:Harford, Robin (2019-08-23).
921:10.1080/10496475.2018.1564950
548:
409:herbal teas in southern China
1023:. 2016-03-04. Archived from
512:
405:traditional Chinese medicine
7:
1859:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
10:
1875:
395:The herb, which is called
308:
16:Species of flowering plant
1849:Flora of Northern America
1231:
1212:(paperback). pp 316, 404
1146:. Springer. p. 103.
403:) in Chinese, is used in
199:
192:
72:Scientific classification
70:
48:
39:
30:
23:
1854:Plants described in 1753
893:Dublin Stationery Office
808:"Calflora: Plant Search"
757:Handbook of Edible Weeds
642:Gray, Samuel F. (1821).
873:Cork University Press.
686:Fisher, Robert (1932).
469:(not a phytochemical),
366:
1101:Fagan, Damian (2019).
1070:Meuninck, Jim (2008).
871:Webb's An Irish Flora.
580:: e.T203256A78457152.
562:Maiz-Tome, L. (2016).
522:
382:
298:have been identified:
284:
267:
944:"Self-heal, Heal-All"
734:L. (common selfheal)"
374:
356:where it is known as
283:
265:
1173:. CRC. p. 222.
1140:Khare, C.P. (2007).
786:. ANR. p. 884.
759:. CRC. p. 158.
751:Duke, James (2001).
836:ucjeps.berkeley.edu
753:"Prunella vulgaris"
659:Lust, John (2014).
42:Conservation status
1078:Globe Pequot Press
624:. CABI. 2019-11-19
383:
294:Two subspecies of
285:
268:
266:Closeup of flowers
233:heart-of-the-earth
1816:
1815:
1682:Prunella_vulgaris
1667:Open Tree of Life
1623:Prunella~vulgaris
1369:Prunella_vulgaris
1310:prunella-vulgaris
1263:Prunella vulgaris
1233:Prunella vulgaris
1225:Taxon identifiers
1180:978-0-8493-2724-7
1153:978-0-387-70637-5
1118:978-1-4930-3633-2
1087:978-0-7627-4298-1
957:978-0-395-83806-8
793:978-1-879906-69-3
766:978-0-8493-2946-3
732:Prunella vulgaris
620:Prunella vulgaris
566:Prunella vulgaris
448:
440:
386:Prunella vulgaris
314:Prunella vulgaris
296:Prunella vulgaris
271:Prunella vulgaris
220:Prunella vulgaris
216:
215:
203:Prunella vulgaris
65:
25:Prunella vulgaris
1866:
1839:Medicinal plants
1834:Prunella (plant)
1809:
1808:
1796:
1795:
1786:
1785:
1773:
1772:
1763:
1762:
1750:
1749:
1737:
1736:
1724:
1723:
1711:
1710:
1698:
1697:
1685:
1684:
1675:
1674:
1662:
1661:
1649:
1648:
1636:
1635:
1626:
1625:
1613:
1612:
1600:
1599:
1597:NBNSYS0000004225
1587:
1586:
1574:
1573:
1564:
1563:
1551:
1550:
1538:
1537:
1525:
1524:
1512:
1511:
1499:
1498:
1489:
1488:
1476:
1475:
1463:
1462:
1450:
1449:
1437:
1436:
1424:
1423:
1411:
1410:
1398:
1397:
1385:
1384:
1372:
1371:
1359:
1358:
1346:
1345:
1333:
1332:
1323:
1322:
1313:
1312:
1300:
1299:
1287:
1286:
1277:
1276:
1267:
1266:
1265:
1252:
1251:
1250:
1220:
1219:
1213:
1194:
1185:
1184:
1164:
1158:
1157:
1137:
1131:
1130:
1107:. Guilford, CT:
1098:
1092:
1091:
1067:
1061:
1060:
1058:
1056:
1042:
1036:
1035:
1033:
1032:
1017:
1011:
1010:
1008:
1007:
992:
986:
985:
983:
982:
976:www.washcoll.edu
968:
962:
961:
939:
933:
932:
900:
894:
887:
881:
867:
858:
852:
846:
845:
843:
842:
828:
822:
821:
819:
818:
812:www.calflora.org
804:
798:
797:
777:
771:
770:
748:
742:
741:
726:
713:
700:
694:
693:
683:
677:
676:
656:
650:
649:
639:
633:
632:
630:
629:
614:
599:
598:
596:
594:
589:
559:
525:
446:
438:
237:carpenter's herb
225:common self-heal
205:
185:P. vulgaris
80:
79:
59:
54:
53:
35:
21:
20:
1874:
1873:
1869:
1868:
1867:
1865:
1864:
1863:
1819:
1818:
1817:
1812:
1804:
1799:
1791:
1789:
1781:
1776:
1768:
1766:
1758:
1753:
1745:
1740:
1732:
1727:
1719:
1714:
1706:
1701:
1693:
1688:
1680:
1678:
1670:
1665:
1657:
1654:Observation.org
1652:
1644:
1639:
1631:
1629:
1621:
1616:
1608:
1603:
1595:
1590:
1582:
1577:
1569:
1568:MichiganFlora:
1567:
1559:
1554:
1546:
1541:
1533:
1528:
1520:
1515:
1507:
1502:
1494:
1492:
1484:
1479:
1471:
1466:
1458:
1453:
1445:
1440:
1432:
1427:
1419:
1414:
1406:
1401:
1393:
1388:
1380:
1375:
1367:
1362:
1354:
1349:
1341:
1336:
1328:
1326:
1318:
1316:
1308:
1303:
1295:
1290:
1282:
1280:
1272:
1270:
1261:
1260:
1255:
1246:
1245:
1240:
1227:
1217:
1216:
1195:
1188:
1181:
1165:
1161:
1154:
1138:
1134:
1119:
1111:. p. 172.
1099:
1095:
1088:
1068:
1064:
1054:
1052:
1044:
1043:
1039:
1030:
1028:
1027:on 4 March 2016
1019:
1018:
1014:
1005:
1003:
993:
989:
980:
978:
970:
969:
965:
958:
940:
936:
901:
897:
888:
884:
879:978-185918-4783
868:
861:
853:
849:
840:
838:
830:
829:
825:
816:
814:
806:
805:
801:
794:
778:
774:
767:
749:
745:
738:Plants Database
728:
727:
716:
701:
697:
684:
680:
673:
657:
653:
640:
636:
627:
625:
616:
615:
602:
592:
590:
560:
556:
551:
515:
499:beta-sitosterol
479:rosmarinic acid
428:
369:
334:Pacific Islands
311:
260:
212:
207:
201:
188:
74:
66:
55:
51:
44:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1872:
1862:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1814:
1813:
1811:
1810:
1806:wfo-0000283746
1797:
1787:
1774:
1764:
1751:
1738:
1725:
1712:
1699:
1686:
1676:
1663:
1650:
1637:
1627:
1614:
1601:
1588:
1575:
1565:
1552:
1539:
1526:
1513:
1500:
1490:
1477:
1464:
1451:
1438:
1425:
1412:
1399:
1386:
1373:
1360:
1347:
1334:
1324:
1314:
1301:
1288:
1278:
1268:
1253:
1237:
1235:
1229:
1228:
1215:
1214:
1186:
1179:
1159:
1152:
1132:
1117:
1093:
1086:
1080:. p. 41.
1062:
1037:
1012:
987:
963:
956:
934:
895:
882:
859:
847:
823:
799:
792:
772:
765:
743:
714:
695:
678:
671:
651:
634:
600:
553:
552:
550:
547:
514:
511:
475:oleanolic acid
435:betulinic acid
431:Phytochemicals
427:
426:Phytochemicals
424:
390:leaf vegetable
368:
365:
310:
307:
259:
256:
214:
213:
208:
197:
196:
190:
189:
182:
180:
176:
175:
168:
164:
163:
158:
154:
153:
148:
144:
143:
138:
131:
130:
125:
118:
117:
112:
105:
104:
99:
92:
91:
86:
82:
81:
68:
67:
49:
46:
45:
40:
37:
36:
28:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1871:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1826:
1824:
1807:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1788:
1784:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1765:
1761:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1677:
1673:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1628:
1624:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1566:
1562:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1491:
1487:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1325:
1321:
1315:
1311:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1279:
1275:
1269:
1264:
1258:
1254:
1249:
1243:
1239:
1238:
1236:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1221:
1211:
1210:9780521685535
1207:
1203:
1202:9780521866453
1199:
1193:
1191:
1182:
1176:
1172:
1171:
1163:
1155:
1149:
1145:
1144:
1136:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1105:
1097:
1089:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1074:
1066:
1051:
1047:
1041:
1026:
1022:
1016:
1002:
998:
991:
977:
973:
967:
959:
953:
949:
945:
938:
930:
926:
922:
918:
914:
910:
906:
899:
892:
886:
880:
876:
872:
866:
864:
857:
851:
837:
833:
827:
813:
809:
803:
795:
789:
785:
784:
776:
768:
762:
758:
754:
747:
739:
735:
733:
725:
723:
721:
719:
712:
711:
710:0-521-04656-4
707:
699:
691:
690:
682:
674:
672:9780486794785
668:
664:
663:
655:
647:
646:
638:
623:
621:
613:
611:
609:
607:
605:
588:
583:
579:
575:
574:
569:
567:
558:
554:
546:
543:
541:
537:
533:
529:
524:
519:
510:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
491:linoleic acid
488:
484:
483:myristic acid
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
444:
436:
432:
423:
421:
416:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
393:
391:
387:
381:
377:
373:
364:
361:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
330:North America
327:
323:
319:
315:
306:
305:
301:
300:var. vulgaris
297:
292:
289:
282:
278:
274:
272:
264:
255:
253:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
231:, woundwort,
230:
226:
222:
221:
211:
206:
204:
198:
195:
194:Binomial name
191:
187:
186:
181:
178:
177:
174:
173:
169:
166:
165:
162:
159:
156:
155:
152:
149:
146:
145:
142:
139:
136:
133:
132:
129:
126:
123:
120:
119:
116:
113:
110:
107:
106:
103:
102:Tracheophytes
100:
97:
94:
93:
90:
87:
84:
83:
78:
73:
69:
63:
58:
57:Least Concern
47:
43:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
1232:
1204:(hardback),
1169:
1162:
1142:
1135:
1109:FalconGuides
1103:
1096:
1072:
1065:
1053:. Retrieved
1050:Wai Yee Hong
1049:
1040:
1029:. Retrieved
1025:the original
1015:
1004:. Retrieved
1000:
990:
979:. Retrieved
975:
966:
947:
937:
912:
908:
898:
890:
885:
870:
850:
839:. Retrieved
835:
826:
815:. Retrieved
811:
802:
782:
775:
756:
746:
737:
731:
703:
698:
688:
681:
661:
654:
644:
637:
626:. Retrieved
622:(self-heal)"
619:
591:. Retrieved
577:
571:
565:
557:
544:
539:
535:
517:
516:
495:ursolic acid
429:
417:
396:
394:
385:
384:
379:
375:
362:
357:
336:, including
313:
312:
303:
299:
295:
293:
290:
286:
275:
270:
269:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
219:
218:
217:
202:
200:
184:
183:
171:
134:
121:
108:
95:
24:
18:
1579:NatureServe
1481:iNaturalist
1257:Wikispecies
564:"Self-heal
471:lauric acid
459:delphinidin
420:Nlaka'pamux
413:Wong Lo Kat
376:P. vulgaris
342:New Zealand
304:lanceolata.
258:Description
115:Angiosperms
1823:Categories
1790:WisFlora:
1695:kew-166020
1690:Plant List
1327:Calflora:
1127:1073035766
1031:2022-05-29
1006:2023-04-12
997:"Selfheal"
981:2023-04-12
841:2020-07-22
817:2020-07-22
628:2020-07-21
549:References
532:diphtheria
523:die BrΓ€une
463:hyperoside
397:xia ku cao
380:lanceolata
249:herbaceous
245:blue curls
1447:200020053
1434:200020053
1416:FloraBase
915:: 55β67.
530:name for
513:Etymology
467:manganese
338:Australia
302:and var.
241:brownwort
179:Species:
161:Lamiaceae
85:Kingdom:
1778:VicFlora
1767:VASCAN:
1760:17600275
1755:Tropicos
1679:PalDat:
1618:NSWFlora
1584:2.144842
1522:10854774
1509:455176-1
1364:eFloraSA
1317:BioLib:
1242:Wikidata
1001:EATWEEDS
929:92152206
540:Vulgaris
536:Prunella
534:, which
518:Prunella
455:cyanidin
451:fenchone
433:include
247:, is an
229:heal-all
172:Prunella
157:Family:
151:Lamiales
141:Asterids
128:Eudicots
62:IUCN 3.1
1460:5341297
1351:Ecocrop
1248:Q158469
1055:25 July
593:31 July
526:", the
507:tannins
443:camphor
358:kalyuth
354:Kashmir
350:Ireland
309:Habitat
167:Genus:
147:Order:
89:Plantae
60: (
1747:1678-1
1703:PLANTS
1672:305931
1630:NZOR:
1561:203256
1535:116556
1408:174350
1382:579652
1305:ARKive
1297:112383
1284:117493
1281:APDB:
1271:AoFP:
1208:
1200:
1177:
1150:
1125:
1115:
1084:
954:
927:
877:
790:
763:
708:
669:
528:German
505:, and
503:lupeol
346:Hawaii
344:, and
328:, and
326:Africa
318:Europe
223:, the
1742:SANBI
1734:13944
1641:NZPCN
1610:39358
1548:32381
1517:IRMNG
1493:IPA:
1486:52764
1473:29826
1403:EUNIS
1395:PRUVU
1343:4N8DF
1320:41091
925:S2CID
487:rutin
348:. In
252:plant
135:Clade
122:Clade
109:Clade
96:Clade
1793:4685
1770:6437
1716:POWO
1708:PRVU
1659:7259
1646:3129
1605:NCBI
1571:1580
1556:IUCN
1543:ITIS
1504:IPNI
1496:6271
1468:GRIN
1455:GBIF
1421:6927
1390:EPPO
1356:3944
1330:6882
1292:APNI
1274:1387
1206:ISBN
1198:ISBN
1175:ISBN
1148:ISBN
1123:OCLC
1113:ISBN
1082:ISBN
1057:2020
952:ISBN
875:ISBN
788:ISBN
761:ISBN
706:ISBN
667:ISBN
595:2022
578:2016
418:The
378:var
367:Uses
322:Asia
1801:WFO
1729:RHS
1592:NBN
1530:ISC
1442:FoC
1429:FNA
1377:EoL
1338:CoL
917:doi
582:doi
401:ε€ζ―θ
243:or
1825::
1803::
1780::
1757::
1744::
1731::
1718::
1705::
1692::
1669::
1656::
1643::
1620::
1607::
1594::
1581::
1558::
1545::
1532::
1519::
1506::
1483::
1470::
1457::
1444::
1431::
1418::
1405::
1392::
1379::
1366::
1353::
1340::
1307::
1294::
1259::
1244::
1189:^
1121:.
1076:.
1048:.
999:.
974:.
946:.
923:.
913:25
911:.
907:.
862:^
834:.
810:.
755:.
736:.
717:^
603:^
576:.
570:.
509:.
501:,
497:,
493:,
489:,
485:,
481:,
477:,
473:,
465:,
461:,
457:,
453:,
445:,
437:,
415:.
340:,
324:,
320:,
239:,
235:,
227:,
210:L.
137::
124::
111::
98::
1183:.
1156:.
1129:.
1090:.
1059:.
1034:.
1009:.
984:.
960:.
931:.
919::
844:.
820:.
796:.
769:.
675:.
631:.
618:"
597:.
584::
568:"
449:-
447:D
441:-
439:D
399:(
64:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
