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Protic solvent

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is called a protic solvent. The molecules of such solvents readily donate protons (
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John R. Rumble (ed.). "Laboratory Solvent Solvents and Other Liquid Reagents".
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CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 102nd Edition (Internet Version 2021)
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cannot donate protons but still have the ability to dissolve many salts.
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Methods for purification of common solvents are available
98:. Water is the most common protic solvent. Conversely, 482:. Boca Raton, FL, USA: CRC Press/Taylor & Francis. 835:
List of boiling and freezing information of solvents
495:Purification of Laboratory Chemicals, 8th Edition 492: 81:). In general terms, any solvent that contains a 887: 446:Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 19:"Protic" redirects here. For the surname, see 530: 537: 523: 477: 888: 544: 518: 442: 13: 443:Stoye, Dieter (2000). "Solvents". 14: 907: 384: 351: 322: 289: 258: 225: 182: 154: 144: 486: 471: 436: 1: 429: 825:Inorganic nonaqueous solvent 16:Solvent containing an H+ ion 7: 417: 10: 912: 810:Acid dissociation constant 493:W. L. F. Armarego (2017). 18: 793: 725: 655: 552: 145: 455:10.1002/14356007.a24_437 94:) to solutes, often via 775:Solubility table (data) 642:Apparent molar property 449:. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. 740:Total dissolved solids 735:Solubility equilibrium 660:and related quantities 100:polar aprotic solvents 840:Partition coefficient 820:Polar aprotic solvent 755:Enthalpy of solution 682:Volume concentration 677:Number concentration 667:Molar concentration 637:Dilution (equation) 125:Dielectric constant 707:Isotopic abundance 672:Mass concentration 546:Chemical solutions 883: 882: 415: 413: 412: 79:hydrogen fluoride 42:atom bound to an 903: 780:Solubility chart 607:Phase separation 567:Aqueous solution 539: 532: 525: 516: 515: 509: 508: 490: 484: 483: 475: 469: 468: 440: 414: 397: 369: 336: 307: 274: 243: 210: 167: 115:Chemical formula 108: 107: 96:hydrogen bonding 93: 89: 72: 68: 53: 911: 910: 906: 905: 904: 902: 901: 900: 886: 885: 884: 879: 789: 750:Solvation shell 721: 659: 651: 647:Miscibility gap 632:Serial dilution 627:Supersaturation 577:Buffer solution 548: 543: 513: 512: 505: 491: 487: 476: 472: 465: 441: 437: 432: 420: 395: 391: 367: 363: 359: 334: 330: 305: 301: 297: 273: 269: 265: 241: 237: 233: 208: 204: 200: 196: 192: 165: 161: 150:protic solvents 91: 85: 70: 67: 63: 51: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 909: 899: 898: 881: 880: 878: 877: 872: 867: 862: 857: 852: 847: 842: 837: 832: 827: 822: 817: 815:Protic solvent 812: 807: 799: 797: 791: 790: 788: 787: 782: 777: 772: 767: 762: 760:Lattice energy 757: 752: 747: 742: 737: 731: 729: 723: 722: 720: 719: 714: 709: 704: 699: 694: 689: 684: 679: 674: 669: 663: 661: 653: 652: 650: 649: 644: 639: 634: 629: 624: 619: 614: 612:Eutectic point 609: 604: 599: 594: 589: 584: 579: 574: 572:Solid solution 569: 564: 562:Ideal solution 558: 556: 550: 549: 542: 541: 534: 527: 519: 511: 510: 503: 485: 470: 463: 434: 433: 431: 428: 427: 426: 424:Autoprotolysis 419: 416: 411: 410: 407: 404: 401: 398: 393: 389: 383: 382: 379: 376: 373: 370: 365: 361: 357: 350: 349: 346: 343: 340: 337: 332: 328: 321: 320: 317: 314: 311: 308: 303: 299: 295: 288: 287: 284: 281: 278: 275: 271: 267: 263: 257: 256: 253: 250: 247: 244: 239: 235: 231: 224: 223: 220: 217: 214: 211: 206: 202: 198: 194: 190: 181: 180: 177: 174: 171: 168: 163: 159: 153: 152: 143: 142: 132: 127: 122: 117: 112: 65: 32:protic solvent 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 908: 897: 894: 893: 891: 876: 873: 871: 868: 866: 863: 861: 858: 856: 853: 851: 848: 846: 843: 841: 838: 836: 833: 831: 828: 826: 823: 821: 818: 816: 813: 811: 808: 805: 801: 800: 798: 796: 792: 786: 783: 781: 778: 776: 773: 771: 768: 766: 763: 761: 758: 756: 753: 751: 748: 746: 743: 741: 738: 736: 733: 732: 730: 728: 724: 718: 715: 713: 710: 708: 705: 703: 702:Mass fraction 700: 698: 697:Mole fraction 695: 693: 690: 688: 685: 683: 680: 678: 675: 673: 670: 668: 665: 664: 662: 658: 657:Concentration 654: 648: 645: 643: 640: 638: 635: 633: 630: 628: 625: 623: 620: 618: 615: 613: 610: 608: 605: 603: 602:Phase diagram 600: 598: 595: 593: 590: 588: 585: 583: 582:Flory–Huggins 580: 578: 575: 573: 570: 568: 565: 563: 560: 559: 557: 555: 551: 547: 540: 535: 533: 528: 526: 521: 520: 517: 506: 504:9780128054567 500: 496: 489: 481: 474: 466: 460: 456: 452: 448: 447: 439: 435: 425: 422: 421: 408: 405: 402: 399: 390: 388: 385: 380: 377: 374: 371: 358: 355: 352: 347: 344: 341: 338: 329: 326: 323: 318: 315: 312: 309: 296: 293: 290: 285: 282: 279: 276: 264: 262: 259: 254: 251: 248: 245: 232: 229: 226: 221: 218: 215: 212: 191: 189: 187: 183: 178: 175: 172: 169: 160: 158: 155: 151: 149: 140: 136: 135:Dipole moment 133: 131: 128: 126: 123: 121: 120:Boiling point 118: 116: 113: 110: 109: 106: 103: 101: 97: 88: 84: 80: 76: 61: 57: 49: 45: 41: 37: 33: 29: 22: 814: 765:Raoult's law 717:Ternary plot 712:Mixing ratio 497:. Elsevier. 494: 488: 479: 473: 444: 438: 400:100 °C 372:118 °C 283:1.1371 g/mL 261:nitromethane 213:118 °C 185: 170:101 °C 146: 104: 31: 25: 870:Lyonium ion 785:Miscibility 770:Henry's law 406:1.000 g/mL 378:1.049 g/mL 354:Acetic acid 345:0.791 g/mL 339:65 °C 316:0.789 g/mL 310:79 °C 252:0.785 g/mL 246:82 °C 228:isopropanol 219:0.810 g/mL 157:formic acid 38:that has a 865:Amphiphile 860:Lipophilic 855:Hydrophile 850:Hydrophobe 727:Solubility 622:Saturation 592:Suspension 464:3527306730 430:References 176:1.21 g/mL 58:(as in an 875:Lyate ion 830:Solvation 745:Solvation 687:Normality 46:(as in a 28:chemistry 896:Solvents 890:Category 845:Polarity 804:Category 692:Molality 554:Solution 418:See also 325:methanol 188:-butanol 111:Solvent 75:fluoride 56:nitrogen 48:hydroxyl 40:hydrogen 795:Solvent 597:Colloid 587:Mixture 409:1.85 D 381:1.74 D 356:(AcOH) 348:1.70 D 327:(MeOH) 319:1.69 D 294:(EtOH) 292:ethanol 286:3.56 D 255:1.66 D 222:1.63 D 179:1.41 D 130:Density 77:(as in 36:solvent 501:  461:  313:24.55 280:35.87 277:101°C 242:CH(OH) 230:(IPA) 83:labile 73:), or 62:group 50:group 44:oxygen 21:Protić 617:Alloy 387:Water 148:Polar 60:amine 54:), a 34:is a 499:ISBN 459:ISBN 375:6.2 71:−NH− 30:, a 451:doi 403:80 342:33 249:18 234:(CH 216:18 173:58 162:HCO 69:or 64:−NH 52:−OH 26:In 892:: 457:. 364:CO 360:CH 335:OH 331:CH 306:OH 302:CH 298:CH 270:NO 266:CH 209:OH 205:CH 201:CH 197:CH 193:CH 141:) 806:) 802:( 538:e 531:t 524:v 507:. 467:. 453:: 396:O 394:2 392:H 368:H 366:2 362:3 333:3 304:2 300:3 272:2 268:3 240:2 238:) 236:3 207:2 203:2 199:2 195:3 186:n 166:H 164:2 139:D 137:( 92:H 87:H 66:2 23:.

Index

Protić
chemistry
solvent
hydrogen
oxygen
hydroxyl
nitrogen
amine
fluoride
hydrogen fluoride
labile
H
hydrogen bonding
polar aprotic solvents
Chemical formula
Boiling point
Dielectric constant
Density
Dipole moment
D
Polar
formic acid
n-butanol
isopropanol
nitromethane
ethanol
methanol
Acetic acid
Water
Autoprotolysis

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