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information worlds and climate change and how understanding of the climate crisis is formed and mediated, based on responses to a survey of the U.S. general population and college students. On
October 12, 2022, PIL published a retrospective report that summarized all 12 reports from the College Study, documented their impact, and included lessons learned from 14 years of research. In 2020, a PIL team released a two-part series on COVID-19 and the first 100 days of U.S. news coverage, which included interactive information visualizations and extensive set of learning resources for promoting news literacy. Researchers used MediaCloud to pull out and analyze the "shape of news" (I love that concept) and how it was visually represented through images." In 2019, PIL examined the awareness and concerns of college students in the age of algorithms, and released the report in January, 2020. The study was supported by the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation, the Harvard Graduate School of Education, Electronic Research and Libraries (ER&L), a leading library conference, and the School of Library and Information Science at the University of South Carolina. This publication won the 2020 Ilene F. Rockman Instruction Publication of the Year, bestowed by
155:, as "The Librarian War Against QAnon". In the second essay, “Reading in the Age of Distrust,” Dr. Alison Head explores why many academicians fail to consider how students read, and how they learn to read deeply for academic and personal purposes. Dr. Kirsten Hostetler wrote the third essay, "The iSchool Equation," which focuses on a gap in the iSchool curriculum. As the effects of mis- and disinformation take a toll on social cohesion, librarians are often positioned as experts who can guide their communities toward a better understanding of our confusing information landscape, but few graduate programs prepare them for teaching. The fourth essay, "Tell Me Sweet Little Lies: Racism as a Form of Persistent
159:" by Dr. Nicole A. Cooke proposes critical cultural literacy as a defence against persistent racist malinformation. In the fifth essay, "Information Literacy for Mortals," Mike Caulfield combines decision-making theory & research on his SIFT evaluation method to advocate a strengths-based approach. In 2022, Barbara Fister explores the links between search tools that narrow our focus, results that widen divides and how the weaponization of uncertainty impacts information literacy in "Principled Uncertainty: Why Learning to Ask Good Questions Matters More than Finding Answers."
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author's reflection and discussion questions. The first in the series, "Lizard People in the
Library," by Barbara Fister demonstrates how current media literacy and information literacy instruction falls shorts of equipping students for life in a world of weaponized information. This essay was republished in a slightly different form by
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and numerous community colleges. Each PIL study undergoes ethical review at the participating institutions and at the host institution where the study is based. (p. 80) Studies use a mixed-methods approach. PIL has conducted student surveys, focus groups, content analysis of research handouts,
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with Alison J. Head and
Michael Eisenberg, dean emeritus and professor at the school, as co-directors. Both Head and Eisenberg have extensive experience conducting and publishing research on information literacy and the information-seeking behavior of Internet users. In 2012, PIL became a nonprofit
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https://apps.irs.gov/app/eos/detailsPage?ein=455529264&name=Project%20Information%20Literacy%20Inc.&city=Santa%20Rosa&state=CA&countryAbbr=US&dba=&type=CHARITIES,%20DETERMINATIONLETTERS,%20EPOSTCARD&orgTags=CHARITIES&orgTags=DETERMINATIONLETTERS&orgTags=EPOSTCARD
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PIL's studies have been conducted using small teams of researchers drawn from libraries and schools of library and information science across the United States. To date, 20,987 early adults have participated in PIL studies. The institutional sample for PIL studies consists of 93 public and private
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In 2021 PIL launched the
Provocation Series of occasional papers on pressing issues around literacy, building on a solid decade of original research from PIL into students’ information practices in the digital age, other scholarship, and the flow of current events. Each essay is accompanied by an
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notes, "his is hands-down the most important long-term, multi-institutional research project ever launched on how students use information for school and beyond." PIL reports are frequently cited in scholarly articles and linked from academic library webpages about information literacy, used in
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PIL's research results have been disseminated through the reports posted on its open access website, numerous articles, conference presentations, webcasts, podcasts, and videos on its YouTube channel. PIL has been recognized as an important source of longitudinal information on the information
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PIL has produced 14 major research reports, investigating the experiences of college students and recent graduates as they interact with information for school, for life, for work, and most recently, for engaging with the news. In 2024, PIL expanded its scope and studied the intersection of
107:. In October 2018, PIL released the findings of a study of students' news engagement practices in the "post-truth" era, sponsored by the Knight Foundation and the Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL), a division of the American Library Association. Another project,
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workshops for faculty, and in student learning. The studies provide information about students' and graduates' information seeking strategies through the lens of the student experience across multiple institutional sites in the U.S. and are frequently reported on in
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PIL hosts an annual fellowship for emerging researchers in information literacy, and runs a visiting scholar research program, with sites including the
University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Purdue University, and the University of Pittsburgh University Library System.
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extensive interviews, and computational analysis of social media interactions. Final reports include summaries of key findings, in-depth data, and recommendations. All reports are Open Access, available from the PIL website at no charge.
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PIL has created a series of Smart Talk interviews with leading voices related to its core purpose of understanding how early adults use information and technology to learn. Interviewees include:
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2016, PIL published a study, funded by the
Information School at The University of Washington, that examined library spaces and included data from interviews with architects and library leaders.
23:) is a research institute that conducts national, ongoing scholarly studies on how early adults find and use information as they progress through, and beyond, their higher education years.
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Maricopa
Community College.(2016). Designing research assignment handouts: Essential elements to promote student success. Retrieved September 15, 2020 from
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Project
Information Literacy First Year Report with Student Survey Findings. Information School, University of Washington. Retrieved November 28, 2020 from
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PIL has worked with members of a sample of 260 institutions. Partners include four-year private and public universities and colleges in the U.S. including
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Head, A.J., Van Hoeck, M., & Garson, D.S. (Feb. 2015). Lifelong learning in the digital age: A content analysis of recent research on participation.
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Head, A.J., Van Hoeck, M., & Hostetler, K. (Oct. 2017). Why blogs endure: A study of recent college graduates and motivations for blog readership.
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Head, A.J., Bull, A.C., & MacMillan, M. (Oct. 2019). Asking the right questions: Bridging gaps between information literacy assessment approaches,
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colleges, universities, and community colleges, as well as 34 high schools located in the U.S. A 2016 study included data from
Canadian institutions.
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111:, leverages PIL's research findings to develop a web application for adult learners in public libraries, and is a collaboration between PIL, The
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Head, A.J., DeFrain, E., Fister, B. & MacMillan, M. (Aug. 2019). Across the great divide: How today's college students engage with news,
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266:
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Covid-19: The first 100 days of U.S. news coverage: Lessons about the media ecosystem for librarians, educators, students, and journalists.
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How
Students Engage with News: Five Takeaways for Educators, Journalists, and Librarians," Project Information Literacy Research Institute.
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Covid-19: The first 100 days of U.S. news coverage: Lessons about the media ecosystem for librarians, educators, students, and journalists.
646:
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Head, A.J. (2013). Project Information Literacy: What can be learned about the information-seeking behavior of today's college students?
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https://against-the-grain.com/2019/10/v314-asking-the-right-questions-bridging-gaps-between-information-literacy-assessment-approaches/
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Head, A.J. (2008). Information literacy from the trenches: How do humanities and social science majors conduct academic research?
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Purdue Libraries selected as 2017–18 site for Project Information Literacy Visiting Research Scholar Program. (July 26th, 2017).
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Head, A.J. & Eisenberg, M.B. (Jun. 3, 2011). College students eager to learn but need help negotiating information overload.
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Planning and designing academic library learning spaces: Expert perspectives of architects, librarians, and library consultants.
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Planning and designing academic library learning spaces: Expert perspectives of architects, librarians, and library consultants.
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https://www.imls.gov/news-events/upnext-blog/2013/06/mismatch-between-graduates%E2%80%99-information-skills-and-employers-needs
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Head, A.J., Van Hoeck, M., Eschler, J., & Fullerton, S. (2013). What information competencies matter in today's workplace?
261:
1360:
753:
1204:
https://embeddedlibrarian.com/2013/12/18/first-year-college-students-project-information-literacy-and-embedded-librarianship/
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The Project Information Literacy retrospective: Insights from more than a decade of information literacy research, 2008-2022.
470:
Project Information Literacy Progress Report. Information School, University of Washington. Retrieved November 28, 2020 from
450:
Project Information Literacy Progress Report. Information School, University of Washington. Retrieved November 28, 2020 from
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Project Information Literacy Progress Report. Information School, University of Washington. Retrieved November 28, 2020 from
430:
Project Information Literacy Research Report. Information School, University of Washington. Retrieved November 28, 2020 from
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The Project Information Literacy Retrospective: Insights from more than a decade of information literacy research, 2008-2022.
1217:"Teaching Information Literacy to Undergraduate Students: Reflecting on the Past, Present and Future of Library Instruction"
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277:
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Information School, University of Washington. (2017). Research Areas Information Literacy. Retrieved October 5, 2017 from
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1024:
703:
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Head, A.J. & Eisenberg, M. B. (Mar. 2010). How today's college students use Knowledge for course-related research.
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Davidshumaker. (Dec. 18, 2013) First-year college students, Project Information Literacy, and embedded librarianship.
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Information Literacy in the Age of Algorithms: Student Experiences with News and Information, and the Need for Change.
1023:
Fister, B. (September 14, 2020). new report out from Project Information Literacy!, Retrieved September 15, 2020 from
733:
368:
Information Literacy in the Age of Algorithms: Student Experiences with News and Information, and the Need for Change,
132:
677:
https://www.seattletimes.com/opinion/college-students-eager-to-learn-but-need-help-negotiating-information-overload
557:
Head, A.J. & Eisenberg, M. B. (Apr. 2011). How college students use the web to conduct everyday life research.
698:
Fister, B. (2022). 'Principled uncertainty: Why learning to ask good questions matters more than finding answers.'
610:
http://www.ala.org/acrl/sites/ala.org.acrl/files/content/conferences/confsandpreconfs/2013/papers/Head_Project.pdf
626:
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Information School, University of Washington. (n.d.) Farewell Mike Eisenberg. Retrieved October 10, 2017 from
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See individual reports for details of participating institutions, ethics approvals, and methods for each study
71:
641:
Head, A.J. & Wihbey, J. (Apr. 8, 2017). The importance of truth workers in an era of factual recession.
332:
All reports produced by PIL are open access under the CC-BY-NC license; many include open access data sets.
488:
1300:
Houtman, E. (2015). Mind-blowing:" Fostering self-regulated learning in information literacy instruction.
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It's academic: The official blog of the Pennsylvania Library Association's College & Research Division
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https://www.insidehighered.com/blogs/library-babel-fish/information-literacy-and-recent-graduates-new-pil
1535:
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1012:
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https://medium.com/@ajhead1/the-importance-of-truth-workers-in-an-era-of-factual-recession-7487fda8eb3b
411:
361:
272:
1552:
https://cyber.harvard.edu/sites/default/files/2018-07/Berkman%20Center%20FY%202011-2012%20redacted.pdf
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https://www.seattletimes.com/opinion/guest-columnists-add-research-to-educations-traditional-three-rs/
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87:
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Fister, B. (Jan. 7, 2016). Information literacy and recent graduates: New from PIL. Barbara Fister,
1083:
839:
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Eisenberg, M.B. & Head, A.J. (May 2, 2009). Add 'research' to education's traditional three Rs.
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Project Information Literacy, Practitioner Series Research Report. Retrieved November 28, 2020 from
1262:
1068:
https://library.harvard.edu/about/news/2019-05-01/alison-head-joins-gutman-library-visiting-scholar
964:
853:
Project Information Literacy.(2017). What is the history of PIL? Retrieved September 15, 2020 from
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Bull, A.C., MacMillan, M., & Head, A.J. (July 21, 2021). Dismantling the evaluation framework,
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with Head as sole director. In 2016 PIL ended its formal relationship with the Information School.
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Head, A.J & Eisenberg, M. (Nov. 4, 2011). Interesting news from Project Information Literacy.
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Head, A. J. (June 26, 2013). Mismatch between graduates' information skills and employers' needs.
1200:
The Embedded librarian: Exploring new, embedded roles for librarians in organizations of all types
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http://lj.libraryjournal.com/2013/05/opinion/steven-bell/studying-the-studies-from-the-bell-tower/
656:
431:
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Vol. 1, no. 5, Project Information Literacy Research Institute. Retrieved December 15, 2021 from
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Project Information Literacy.(2017) How does PIL collect data? Retrieved September 15, 2020 from
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http://journalistsresource.org/reference/research/research-chat-information-scientist-alison-head
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Vol. 1, no. 5, Project Information Literacy Research Institute. Retrieved December 15, 2021 from
542:
522:
471:
136:
1419:
Cooke, N.A. (2021). 'Tell me sweet little lies: Racism as a form of persistent malinformation.'
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Vol. 1, no. 1, Project Information Literacy Research Institute. Retrieved February 2, 2021 from
1344:
1332:
815:
Wihbey, J. (Jan. 26, 2012). Research chat: Information scientist Alison Head on student habits.
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Vol. 1, no. 1, Project Information Literacy Research Institute. Retrieved February 2, 2021 from
742:
Vol. 1, no. 2, Project Information Literacy Research Institute. Retrieved February 2, 2021 from
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Cooke, N.A. (2021). 'Tell me sweet little lies: Racism as a form of persistent malinformation.'
702:
Vol. 2, no.1, Project Information Literacy Research Institute. Retrieved February 15, 2022 from
552:
468:
Finding context: What today's college students say about conducting research in the digital age.
420:
Project Information Literacy, Passage Studies Research Report. Retrieved November 28, 2020 from
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Project Information Literacy, Passage Studies Research Report. Retrieved November 28, 2020 from
400:
Project Information Literacy, Passage Studies Research Report. Retrieved November 28, 2020 from
1441:
https://projectinfolit.org/pubs/provocation-series/essays/information-literacy-for-mortals.html
1423:
Vol. 1, no. 4, Project Information Literacy Research Institute. Retrieved August 17, 2021 from
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Deitering, A.M. (Jul. 28, 2016). Understanding student needs . Retrieved October 11, 2017 from
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722:
Vol. 1, no. 4, Project Information Literacy Research Institute. Retrieved August 17, 2021 from
714:
https://projectinfolit.org/pubs/provocation-series/essays/information-literacy-for-mortals.html
391:
304:
75:
35:
1454:"Principled Uncertainty: Why Learning to Ask Good Questions Matters More than Finding Answers"
1308:
667:
https://www.seattletimes.com/opinion/op-ed-old-school-job-skills-you-wonrsquot-find-on-google/
428:
Balancing act: How college students manage technology while in the library during crunch time.
418:
Learning curve: How college graduates solve information problems once they join the workplace.
1563:
1478:
Project Information Literacy. 2017. Smart talk Interviews. Retrieved September 15, 2020 from
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Vol. 1, no. 3, Project Information Literacy Research Institute. Retrieved June 17, 2021 from
1393:
https://projectinfolit.org/pubs/provocation-series/essays/reading-in-the-age-of-distrust.html
1391:
Vol. 1, no. 2, Project Information Literacy Research Institute. Retrieved June 17, 2021 from
744:
https://projectinfolit.org/pubs/provocation-series/essays/reading-in-the-age-of-distrust.html
732:
Vol. 1, no. 3, Project Information Literacy Research Institute. Retrieved June 16, 2021 from
532:
112:
67:
1377:
https://www.theatlantic.com/education/archive/2021/02/how-librarians-can-fight-qanon/618047/
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572:
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Based in California's San Francisco Bay Area, Project Information Literacy, Inc. (PIL) is a
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1361:
https://projectinfolit.org/pubs/provocation-series/essays/lizard-people-in-the-library.html
1045:
770:
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https://projectinfolit.org/pubs/provocation-series/essays/lizard-people-in-the-library.html
421:
371:
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39:
38:. Alison J. Head, the executive director and lead researcher, is an expert in the field of
1331:
Project Information Literacy. (2021). Provocation series. Retrieved February 2, 2021 from
1216:
8:
1096:
How Students Engage with News: Five Takeaways for Educators, Journalists, and Librarians.
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980:
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Head, A.J., Fister, B., & MacMillan, M. (Mar. 15, 2019). News digests to the rescue?
341:
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1425:
https://projectinfolit.org/pubs/provocation-series/essays/tell-me-sweet-little-lies.html
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Project Information Literacy. (2021). About the series. Retrieved February 2, 2021 from
1258:
724:
https://projectinfolit.org/pubs/provocation-series/essays/tell-me-sweet-little-lies.html
636:
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Assigning inquiry: How handouts for research assignments guide today's college students.
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582:
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PIL has received funding from major granting organizations, companies and institutions
1319:
Project Information Literacy. (2017). Publications. Retrieved September 15, 2020 from
1254:
1138:
https://projectinfolit.org/pubs/news-study/pil_news-study_2018-10-16_press-release.pdf
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Head, A.J., Wihbey, J., Metaxas, P. Takis, MacMillan, M., & Dan Cohen, D. (2018).
527:
Head, A.J. (2017). Posing the million-dollar question: What happens after graduation?
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95:
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Project Information Literacy Research Institute. Retrieved September 15, 2020, from
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Truth be told: How college students evaluate and use information in the digital age.
1409:
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1044:
Project Information Literacy Research Institute. Retrieved September 15, 2020 from
865:
Roseth, B. (Oct. 8, 1998). New director leads library school into Information Age.
765:
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Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL) Annual Conference Proceedings.
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309:
235:
231:
215:
211:
167:
1289:
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Staying smart: How today's graduates continue to learn once they complete college.
587:
Head, A.J. (Jul. 2007). Beyond Google: How do students conduct academic research?
398:
Staying smart: How today's graduates continue to learn once they complete college.
376:
Head, A.J., Wihbey, J., Metaxas, P. Takis, MacMillan, M., & Cohen, D. (2018).
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Project Information Literacy Research Institute. Retrieved November 28, 2020 from
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Learning the ropes: How freshmen conduct course research once they enter college.
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Project Information Literacy Research Institute. Retrieved July 8, 2024, from
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UC Irvine Faculty Contribute to Project Information Literacy. (Spring, 2010).
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1627:
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Head, A.J., Braun, S., MacMillan, M., Yurkofsky, J. & Bull, A.C. (2020).
291:
School of Library and Information Science at the University of South Carolina
627:
https://www.insidehighered.com/opinion/views/2023/05/04/getting-grip-chatgpt
356:
Head, A.J., Braun, S., MacMillan, M., Yurkofsky, J. & Bull, A.C. (2020).
1320:
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Head, A.J. (Dec. 8, 2012). Old-school job skills you won't find on Google.
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Lessons learned: How college students seek information in the digital age.
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651:
Head, A.J. & Wihbey, J. (Jul. 10, 2014). At sea in a deluge of data.
608:
Chicago: American Library Association. Retrieved September 15, 2020 from
512:
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Fister, B. & Head, A.J. (May. 04, 2023). Getting a Grip on ChatGPT.
489:
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laralu510.(May 31, 2011). Project Information Literacy's new report.
442:
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223:
1013:
https://projectinfolit.org/publications/covid-19-the-first-100-days/
412:
https://projectinfolit.org/publications/first-year-experience-study/
362:
https://projectinfolit.org/publications/covid-19-the-first-100-days/
1465:
462:
https://projectinfolit.org/publications/information-seeking-habits/
315:
163:
1597:"ProQuest Survey Shows Libraries are Turning Up the Heat on Marke"
1278:
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1371:
Fister, B. (February 18, 2021). The Librarian War Against QAnon.
1155:
1084:
https://www.ala.org/acrl/awards/publicationawards/publicationyear
840:
http://blogs.lib.purdue.edu/news/2017/07/26/pil-visiting-scholar/
1263:
http://libguides.madisoncollege.edu/InfoLitStudents/CollegeLevel
1113:
Association of College and Research Libraries. (Oct. 24, 2017).
991:
Head, A.J., Fister, B., Geofrey, S., & MacMillan, M. (2022).
975:
Head, A.J., Geofrey, S., Fister, B., & Hostetler, K.(2024).
965:
https://projectinfolit.org/publications/lifelong-learning-study/
509:
https://firstmonday.org/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/10166/8057
452:
https://projectinfolit.org/publications/research-handouts-study/
402:
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336:
Head, A.J., Geofrey, S., Fister, B., & Hostetler, K.(2024).
657:
http://chronicle.com/article/At-Sea-in-a-Deluge-of-Data/147477/
432:
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346:
Head, A.J., Fister, B., Geofrey, S., and MacMillan, M. (2022).
1166:
Bell, S. (May 15, 2013). Studying the studies: The big four,"
817:
Journalist's Resource: A Research Portal and Curated Database,
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523:
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472:
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1503:
1345:
https://projectinfolit.org/pubs/provocation-series/about.html
1333:
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1253:
See for example guides on pages at the University of Toronto
553:
https://www.lirgjournal.org.uk/index.php/lir/article/view/557
1613:
977:
How information worlds shape our response to climate change.
937:
https://projectinfolit.org/publications/library-space-study/
392:
https://projectinfolit.org/publications/library-space-study/
338:
How information worlds shape our response to climate change.
1309:
https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/comminfolit/vol9/iss1/6/
1080:
Ilene F. Rockman Instruction Publication of the Year Award.
1579:"College students limit technology use during crunch time"
1564:
https://ischool.uw.edu/research/areas/information-literacy
1435:
Caulfield, M. (2021). 'Information literacy for mortals.'
1134:
National study on young adults' news consumption launched.
1066:
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708:
Caulfield, M. (2021). 'Information literacy for mortals.'
533:
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593:
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573:
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1387:
Head, Alison B. (2021). Reading in the age of distrust.
1046:
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738:
Head, Alison J. (2021). Reading in the age of distrust.
422:
https://projectinfolit.org/publications/workplace-study/
372:
https://projectinfolit.org/publications/algorithm-study/
1115:
ACRL sponsors Project Information Literacy news study.
997:
https://projectinfolit.org/publications/retrospective/
981:
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342:
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1064:
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366:Head, A.J., Fister, B. & MacMillan, M. (2020).
1119:http://www.acrl.ala.org/acrlinsider/archives/14628
903:http://update.lib.uci.edu/spring10/spring10-3.html
899:UCI Libraries Update: a Newsletter for Faculty, 28
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283:Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society
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295:Association of College and Research Libraries
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288:Electronic Research and Libraries (ER&L)
170:, Mike Caulfield, Jenae Cohn, David Conley,
45:PIL began in 2008 as a partnership with the
1599:(Press release). ProQuest. 14 January 2010.
1247:
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300:University of Washington Information School
47:University of Washington Information School
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456:Head, A.J. & Eisenberg, M.B. (2009).
446:Head, A.J. & Eisenberg, M.B. (2010).
436:Head, A.J. & Eisenberg, M.B. (2010).
426:Head, A.J. & Eisenberg, M.B. (2011).
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907:
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521:(10). Retrieved October 15, 2017 from
513:https://doi.org/10.5210/fm.v24i8.10166
262:John S. and James L. Knight Foundation
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901:(2) Retrieved October 11, 2017 from
549:Library and Information Research, 37
487:. Retrieved September 19, 2021 from
278:Harvard Graduate School of Education
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507:(8). Retrieved August 5, 2019 from
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675:Retrieved September 15, 2020 from
665:Retrieved September 15, 2020 from
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485:In the Library with the Lead Pipe
380:Retrieved November 28, 2020 from
133:The Chronicle of Higher Education
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655:Retrieved October 15, 2017 from
645:Retrieved October 15, 2017 from
1534:Retrieved October 5, 2017 from
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1257:, Loyola Marymount University
1156:http://readinglistforlife.org/
635:Retrieved August 5, 2019 from
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1082:Retrieved June 17, 2021 from
801:Project Information Literacy.
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72:University of Texas at Austin
1614:Project Information Literacy
1458:Project Information Literacy
269:(General Division) 2009–2011
17:Project Information Literacy
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214:, Lee Rainie, Justin Reich
10:
1650:
1504:https://projectinfolit.org
322:
273:Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
245:
238:, and Mary-Ann Winkelmes.
126:behaviors of students. As
693:Provocation series essays
285:, Harvard University 2011
109:The Reading List for Life
88:Oklahoma State University
1532:forum: what is a reader.
80:University of Washington
1437:PIL Provocation Series,
1421:PIL Provocation Series,
1405:PIL Provocation Series,
1389:PIL Provocation Series,
1357:PIL Provocation Series,
1239:Inside Higher Education
750:PIL Provocation Series,
740:PIL Provocation Series,
730:PIL Provocation Series,
720:PIL Provocation Series,
710:PIL Provocation Series,
700:PIL Provocation Series,
137:Inside Higher Education
53:
1261:, and Madison College
616:Opinion and editorials
478:Peer-reviewed articles
305:Cable in the Classroom
258:(IMLS) 2011, 2013–2015
76:University of Michigan
36:501(c)(3) organization
1152:Reading list for life
836:Purdue Libraries News
495:Against the Grain, 31
210:, Whitney Philliips,
113:Open Syllabus Project
68:Ohio State University
771:Information literacy
92:University of Alaska
40:information literacy
959:Head, A.J. (2016).
931:Head, A.J. (2016).
776:Library instruction
416:Head, A.J. (2012).
406:Head, A.J. (2013).
396:Head, A.J. (2016).
386:Head, A.J. (2016).
222:, Howie Schneider,
117:Columbia University
683:The Seattle Times.
673:The Seattle Times.
663:The Seattle Times.
883:iSchool Directory
623:Inside Higher Ed.
218:, Dan Rothstein,
96:Wellesley College
84:DePaul University
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766:Higher education
589:First Monday, 12
569:First Monday, 15
559:First Monday, 16
539:First Monday, 20
519:First Monday, 22
505:First Monday, 24
328:Research studies
310:Cengage Learning
236:David Weinberger
232:S. Craig Watkins
216:Howard Rheingold
212:Russell Poldrack
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145:Library Journal
64:Harvard College
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166:, Char Booth,
157:Malinformation
141:Education Week
128:Barbara Fister
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27:Organization
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1516:IMLS UpNext
633:Storybench.
599:Proceedings
228:Peter Suber
188:Renee Hobbs
787:References
312:2010, 2012
192:Robert Lue
119:, and the
42:research.
318:2008–2009
224:Zach Sims
1628:Category
1466:ED617553
760:See also
316:ProQuest
164:Ken Bain
643:Medium.
323:Reports
246:Funding
1464:
143:, and
78:, The
66:, The
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1462:ERIC
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254:The
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