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511:. It had an inner courtyard, keep, and reservoirs equipped with pipes to drain the water. It was found to be only large enough to house half of the 200 men garrison, hence it was remade, while part of the soldiers lived in houses built nearby. The mosque within it was converted to a chapel under the invocation of
582:, who captured Egypt in 1517 and Aden in 1538. The island continued to be a frequent port of call for Portuguese merchants or warships looking to obtain water or information on enemy movements whilst operating in the region, in the 16th and 17th centuries. In 1541, an armada commanded by the Governor of India
499:, had 130 warriors and was offered the chance to capitulate peacefully but he refused. The fort was assaulted the following morning by two squadrons under the command of TristĂŁo da Cunha and Afonso de Albuquerque, Khawadjah Ibrahim perishing in the struggle.
577:
Once the
Portuguese left, the Banu Afrar of Qishn retook control of Socotra and it would remain in their possession until the 19th century. The Sultans of Qishn became close partners of the Portuguese, to counter-balance the growing power of the
565:
Conditions on
Socotra proved less advantageous than anticipated. The island was remote, the climate harsh, and foodstuffs scarce, while the native Socotrans and local Arabs frequently clashed with the Portuguese garrison.
490:
in April 1507 and found a well-fortified Muslim fort built by the Mahra of Qishn in Yemen on the
Arabian mainland, which was used to collect tribute from the surrounding inhabitants. The commander of the Arab fort,
467:
ordered that the island be captured, a fort built on it and a fleet stationed there. Socotra harboured a community of
Nestorian Christians, which the Portuguese also sought to relieve from Muslim rule.
594:, returning it to its native rulers. Camões, considered the greatest Portuguese poet, passed by Socotra, and the harsh climate of the island inspired him to write a poem called
542:. Afonso de Albuquerque then redistributed the palm groves which had belonged to the resident Muslims and the mosque to the Christians. TristĂŁo da Cunha left with his ships to
601:
The island was often visited by
Christian missionaries, either by their own means or as ambassadors of the Portuguese governor at Goa. In 1542 for example, the Jesuit
364:
339:
825:
569:
Having been promoted to governor of India in
December 1509, Afonso de Albuquerque dispatched three ships to evacuate Socotra, when no more than 120 men remained.
820:
810:
226:
805:
651:
67:
815:
530:
Socotrans showed the
Portuguese appreciation for relieving them of Muslim rule. Friar Francisco do Loureiro and a few other
519:. Dom Afonso de Noronha was nominated as its captain, Fernão Jácome de Tomar as alcaide-mor, and Pero Vaz de Orta as royal
207:
830:
583:
764:
Frederick
Charles Danvers: The Portuguese in India, volume I, W. H. Allen & Co. Limited, London, 1894, pp. 155-157.
455:. Convinced that Socotra could serve as an ideal base to cut off hostile Muslim shipping sailing between India and the
775:
800:
677:
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called on the island while on his way to India and he wrote about the land and the traditions of its inhabitants.
696:
608:
In the 19th century, a large number of inhabitants in the hill country still claimed descent from the
Portuguese.
547:
475:
as captain-major of a fleet of 14 ships. Five were under the command of Afonso de
Albuquerque, nominated as
84:
73:
646:
590:
produced a number of sketches and views of the island for navigational purposes. In 1548, the Portuguese
177:
591:
534:
baptised a number of the inhabitants amid great celebrations. They built a church dedicated to Saint
53:
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anchored at Socotra on their way to attack Ottoman positions in the Red Sea. While there, Dom
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281:
59:
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8:
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34:
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along the way, and regrouped in east-Africa waiting for the correct season to proceed.
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406:
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In the early 16th century Portugal was involved in a war over the control of the
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357:
344:
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132:
700:, Volume IV, British India, H. H. Dodwell, Cambridge University Press, pp. 8-9.
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and a monastery in the town, the first erected by the Portuguese east of the
487:
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109:
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154:
480:
425:, it was later abandoned in 1511 and it reverted to the rule of Mahra.
742:
JosĂ© Pereira da Costa: "Socotorá e o DomĂnio PortuguĂŞs no Oriente" in
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Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Botany of Socotra
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Position of Socotra relative to the African and Arabian mainland.
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in August 10 1507. Albuquerque departed ten days later to
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Pedro Ferreira (November 1509 – died in August 1510)
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The Maritime Traditions of the Fishermen of Socotra
471:On April 1506 TristĂŁo da Cunha was dispatched from
625:Dom Afonso de Noronha (April 1507 – November 1509)
401:) refers to the period during which the island of
787:
26:
16:Period Portuguese Empire ruled island of Socotra
826:1511 disestablishments in the Portuguese Empire
779:, Robert Grant & Son, Edinburgh, 1888, XXV.
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821:1507 establishments in the Portuguese Empire
697:The Cambridge History of the British Empire
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689:
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811:States and territories established in 1507
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598:("By a Dry, Barren and Fearsome Hill").
738:
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732:
730:
728:
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684:
652:Ottoman-Portuguese conflicts (1538-1560)
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556:
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746:volume XXIII, Coimbra, 1973, pp. 6-21
596:Junto a Um Seco, Estéril e Fero Monte
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619:
477:captain-major of the seas of Arabia
13:
744:Revista da Universidade de Coimbra
631:Pedro Correia (August 1510 – 1511)
14:
842:
523:, in charge of overseeing trade.
507:The captured fort was christened
592:expelled the Ottomans from Qishn
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337:
66:
52:
806:Portuguese colonisation in Asia
816:1507 disestablishments in Asia
767:
758:
749:
495:Khawadjah Ibrahim, son of the
294:• Abandoned by Portugal.
1:
657:
572:
548:conquer the Kingdom of Hormuz
675:Julian Jansen van Rensburg:
503:Portuguese Socotra 1507-1511
7:
755:Danvers, 1894, pp. 155-157.
647:Mamluk-Portuguese conflicts
635:
10:
847:
831:Former Portuguese colonies
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428:
479:. The expedition charted
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316:
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222:• 1507–1509 (first)
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82:
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513:Nossa Senhora da Piedade
246:• 1510–1511 (last)
801:Former colonies in Asia
486:The Portuguese reached
773:Isaac Bayley Balfour:
616:
562:
561:Afonso de Albuquerque.
398:
304:• Disestablished
159:Nestorian Christianity
27:
614:
560:
423:Afonso de Albuquerque
409:. Captured from the
517:Our Lady of Victory
451:of Calicut and the
399:Socotorá Portuguesa
276:• Captured by
265:Early modern period
171:Absolutist monarchy
28:Socotorá Portuguesa
617:
563:
536:Thomas the Apostle
465:Manuel of Portugal
453:Republic of Venice
441:Indian Ocean trade
391:Portuguese Socotra
23:Portuguese Socotra
540:Cape of Good Hope
435:Battle of Socotra
407:Portuguese Empire
405:was ruled by the
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374:
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234:• 1509–1510
227:Afonso de Noronha
192:• 1507–1511
151:Roman Catholicism
116:Official language
100:Portuguese Empire
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780:
771:
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642:Portuguese India
620:List of captains
544:Portuguese India
445:Mamluk Sultanate
419:TristĂŁo da Cunha
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126:Common languages
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681:, Yemen, p. 29.
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584:EstevĂŁo da Gama
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497:sultan of Qishn
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358:Mahra Sultanate
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603:Francis Xavier
588:JoĂŁo de Castro
580:Ottoman Empire
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447:of Egypt, the
443:, against the
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261:Historical era
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379:Today part of
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251:Pedro Correia
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552:Persian Gulf
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459:through the
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327:Succeeded by
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74:Coat of arms
532:Franciscans
457:Middle East
417:in 1507 by
413:dynasty of
322:Preceded by
282:Albuquerque
155:Sunni Islam
790:Categories
658:References
573:After 1511
509:SĂŁo Miguel
481:Madagascar
433:See also:
395:Portuguese
166:Government
120:Portuguese
35:Portuguese
528:Nestorian
147:Religion
44:1507–1511
636:See also
197:Manuel I
796:Socotra
550:in the
463:, King
461:Red Sea
449:Zamorin
429:History
403:Socotra
208:Captain
138:Soqotri
106:Capital
98:of the
521:factor
493:sheikh
473:Lisbon
212:
182:
133:Arabic
96:Colony
92:Status
31:
415:Qishn
411:Mahra
383:Yemen
278:Cunha
526:The
421:and
308:1511
298:1511
288:1507
280:and
178:King
60:Flag
515:or
488:Suq
110:Suq
792::
705:^
686:^
666:^
554:.
397::
284:.
393:(
37:)
33:(
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