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They have the ability to inflate their bodies by swallowing water or air, thereby becoming rounder. This increase in size (almost double vertically) reduces the range of potential predators to those with much bigger mouths. A second defense mechanism is provided by the sharp spines, which radiate
494:
420:, floating alive and distended, in the stomach of the shark; and that on several occasions he has known it eat its way, not only through the coats of the stomach, but through the sides of the monster".
339:. The poison is produced by several types of bacteria obtained from the fish's diet. As a result of these three defenses, porcupinefish have few predators, although adults are sometimes preyed upon by
412:. He noted how the fish can swim quite well when inflated, though the altered buoyancy requires them to do so upside down. Darwin also mentioned hearing that a fellow naturalist, Dr. Allen of
301:
They are found in shallow, temperate, and tropical seas worldwide. A few species are found much farther out from shore, wherein large schools of thousands of individuals can occur.
782:
Journal of
Researches Into the Natural History and Geology of the Countries Visited During the Voyage of H.M.S. Beagle Round the World: Under the Command of Capt. Fitz Roy
185:
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970:
996:
443:
455:
944:
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547:"Taxonomy and systematics of tetraodontiform fishes: a review focusing primarily on progress in the period from 1980 to 2014"
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They have upper and lower teeth that fuse into a shape of a parrot's beak; they use this beak to eat
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349:
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Myers, P.; Espinosa, R.; Parr, C. S.; Jones, T.; Hammond, G. S.; Dewey, T. A. (2023).
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712:
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923:
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558:
101:
403:
295:
290:. The family includes about 18 species. They are sometimes collectively called
240:
165:
563:
1080:
855:
711:. Sudbury, Massachusetts, USA: Jones & Bartlett Publishers. p. 159.
253:
222:
59:
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328:
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294:, not to be confused with the morphologically similar and closely related
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864:
321:
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34:
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Matsuura, K.; Tyler, J.C. (1998). Paxton, J.R.; Eschmeyer, W.N. (eds.).
758:
732:
Ponder, Winston Frank; Lindberg, David R.; Ponder, Juliet Mary (2019).
386:. However, pufferfish can be dangerous to consume since they can cause
332:
79:
44:
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763:
Extraordinary
Animals: An Encyclopedia of Curious and Unusual Animals
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Dudley, Gordon; Sumich, James; Cass-Dudley, Virginia L. (2011).
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340:
234:
145:
331:
in their internal organs, such as the ovaries and liver. This
1045:
936:
449:
A dead porcupinefish with clearly visible spines on the shore
684:. San Diego, California, USA: Academic Press. p. 231.
379:
354:
344:
267:
704:
577:
738:. Vol. 1. Boca Raton, Florida, USA: CRC Press.
731:
708:Laboratory and Field Investigations in Marine Life
610:
1078:
406:'s famous account of his trip around the world,
679:
538:
364:
298:, which are more commonly given this name.
617:. San Diego: Dorling Kindersley. pp.
100:
608:
562:
473:A dead porcupinefish washed up on a beach
309:Porcupinefish are generally slow-moving.
544:
461:Preserved porcupine fish in a laboratory
335:is at least 1200 times more potent than
1092:Taxa named by Charles Lucien Bonaparte
1079:
778:
831:
830:
735:Biology and Evolution of the Mollusca
675:
673:
671:
393:
382:, Philippines, where they are called
1051:FD1087D9-FFB2-4A43-FF67-A2714B92F928
1012:6b609950-896b-4e91-86bd-bf6fd181173c
640:
638:
527:List of marine aquarium fish species
313:outwards when the fish is inflated.
609:Mills, D. (1993). Cooke, J. (ed.).
327:Some species are poisonous, having
13:
668:
545:Matsuura, Keiichi (January 2015).
347:. Juveniles are also preyed on by
304:
14:
1103:
792:
635:
602:
812:
798:
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466:
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122:
32:
646:"Diodontidae - Porcupinefishes"
278:which are also commonly called
772:
752:
725:
698:
571:
437:A porcupinefish in an aquarium
378:and are an exotic delicacy in
369:
1:
580:"Diodontidae: Classification"
532:
7:
515:
416:, had "frequently found a
374:Porcupinefish are eaten as
10:
1108:
423:
839:
564:10.1007/s10228-014-0444-5
213:
208:
119:Scientific classification
117:
108:
99:
23:
785:. J. Murray. p. 14.
779:Darwin, Charles (1845).
409:The Voyage of the Beagle
365:Relationship with humans
270:belonging to the family
551:Ichthyological Research
398:The porcupine fish (as
350:Lysiosquillina maculata
682:Encyclopedia of Fishes
588:University of Michigan
1033:Paleobiology Database
522:List of fish families
809:at Wikimedia Commons
584:Animal Diversity Web
485:A dead porcupinefish
266:are medium-to-large
508:Diodon nicthemerus
402:) is mentioned in
394:In popular culture
111:Diodon holocanthus
1074:
1073:
1020:Open Tree of Life
833:Taxon identifiers
803:Media related to
745:978-1-351-11565-0
718:978-1-4496-0501-8
654:Australian Museum
650:Animal factsheets
590:Museum of Zoology
501:
400:Diodon antennatus
276:Tetraodontiformes
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260:
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176:Tetraodontiformes
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817:Data related to
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282:and, sometimes,
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27:Temporal range:
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16:Family of fishes
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305:Characteristics
274:from the order
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186:Tetraodontoidei
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823:at Wikispecies
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793:External links
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656:. 18 June 2022
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404:Charles Darwin
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296:Tetraodontidae
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241:Dicotylichthys
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613:Aquarium Fish
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557:(1): 72–113.
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264:Porcupinefish
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254:Tragulichthys
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223:Chilomycterus
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658:. Retrieved
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592:. Retrieved
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388:tetrodotoxin
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329:tetrodotoxin
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217:Allomycterus
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195:
109:
18:
1087:Diodontidae
958:iNaturalist
898:Diodontidae
885:Diodontidae
871:Diodontidae
865:Wikispecies
841:Diodontidae
820:Diodontidae
806:Diodontidae
390:poisoning.
370:Consumption
322:sea urchins
284:balloonfish
272:Diodontidae
248:Lophodiodon
229:Cyclichthys
196:Diodontidae
1081:Categories
533:References
384:tagotongan
333:neurotoxin
292:pufferfish
182:Suborder:
759:Piper, R.
376:food fish
288:globefish
201:Bonaparte
142:Kingdom:
136:Eukaryota
850:Wikidata
761:(2007),
516:See also
510:swimming
506:(video)
359:dolphins
318:molluscs
280:blowfish
192:Family:
156:Chordata
152:Phylum:
146:Animalia
132:Domain:
856:Q329334
660:1 April
594:1 April
424:Gallery
337:cyanide
209:Genera
172:Order:
162:Class:
1064:125608
1025:557117
1009:NZOR:
989:173382
976:114792
742:
715:
688:
625:
418:Diodon
414:Forres
357:, and
341:sharks
235:Diodon
203:, 1838
1059:WoRMS
1046:Plazi
1038:83301
1002:31034
971:IRMNG
963:49270
924:6249Q
345:orcas
997:NCBI
984:ITIS
950:5898
945:GBIF
937:5060
911:1244
906:BOLD
740:ISBN
713:ISBN
686:ISBN
662:2023
623:ISBN
596:2023
380:Cebu
355:tuna
343:and
320:and
286:and
268:fish
35:PreꞒ
932:EoL
919:CoL
893:AFD
880:ADW
619:281
559:doi
1083::
1061::
1048::
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986::
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670:^
652:.
648:.
637:^
621:.
586:.
582:.
555:62
553:.
549:.
361:.
353:,
324:.
243:''
85:Pg
769:.
748:.
721:.
694:.
664:.
631:.
598:.
567:.
561::
90:N
80:K
75:J
70:T
65:P
60:C
55:D
50:S
45:O
40:Ꞓ
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