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303:"Lieutenant James Cook, R.N. Of the Endeavour, First Sighted Australia Near This Point, Which He Named Point Hicks After Lieutenant Zachary Hicks Who First Saw the Land. April 19th (Ship's Log Date). April 20th (Calendar Date). 1770." On the seaward side of the monument is a plaque listing the "Ship's Company of H.M. Bark Endeavour April 20th 1770".
227:) to establish whether or not it formed part of the presumed southern continent. However, he was forced to maintain a more northerly course owing to prevailing gales, and sailed on until 19 April 1770, when land was sighted at 6 a.m. Two hours later, Cook made a further observation of land and named it Point Hicks. Cook recorded the event thus:
243:
cloud bank, a compass error, or a faulty observation. Margaret
Cameron-Ash, however, claims that Cook deliberately falsified his charts and coordinates in order to hide the existence of Bass Strait for reasons of military and colonial policy. Those claims have been vigorously challenged as lacking in any sound evidence.
311:, commissioned stone to be quarried from Cape Everard and shipped to Great Ayton in Yorkshire. It was used to create a replica monument with an identical plaque, which was placed at the site of the home of Captain Cook's parents, after Grimwade had arranged for the home to be dismantled and reconstructed in
242:
Cook's manuscript chart of
Australia's east coast, starts at a point he named Point Hicks and gave its coordinates as 38°0'S and 148°53'E. However,the coordinates recorded are several miles off-shore, in 50 fathoms (91 m) of water. It has been variously suggested that Cook was deceived by a
265:
sailed past the area in 1798–99 and again in 1802–03, the coastal area near Point Hicks was always out of
Flinders' visual range. When drawing his chart, Flinders relied on Bass's observations, thus omitting Point Hicks. The name Point Hicks was still being used on some maps up until 1840.
235:
S I judged to lay in the
Latitude of 38°..0' S° and in the Longitude of 211°..07' W from the Meridian of Greenwich. I have named it Point Hicks, because Lieut Hicks was the first who discover'd this land.
239:
Cook calculated that Van Diemen's Land ought to lie due south of their position, but having found the coastline trending to the south-west, recorded his doubt that this landmass was connected to it.
284:. Stokes' maps do not record the name, but many secondary sources attribute its introduction to him. The first known map showing Cape Everard was made in 1852 and published in 1853, by
292:, a South Australian Commissioner of Crown Lands. The name Cape Everard was adopted after 1853 and was used until 1970, when the location was renamed Point Hicks.
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299:-shaped monument erected by the Australian Government on the site in 1924. The inscription on the landward side of the monument reads:
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Despite the use of the name Cape
Everard to designate the promontory, Cook's original name of Point Hicks was recorded on an
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1981:
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Nevertheless, it is likely that Cook's "Point of land" was not today's Point Hicks, and lies somewhat to the south-west.
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After charting New
Zealand during his first voyage of discovery, Cook set a course westwards, intending to strike for
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Cook's name, Point Hicks, was officially established as the name of the cape as part of the commemoration of the
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184:. In April 1770 this area became the first land on the east coast of Australia known to have been sighted by
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George
Douglas Smythe. If he coined the name, then, according to one theory, he may have been referring to
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Captain Cook's
Journal During His First Voyage Round the World Made in H. M. Bark "Endeavour", 1768–71
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https://www.captaincooksociety.com/cooks-life/places/cook-s-point-hicks-error-that-just-won-t-go-away
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of the
Endeavour who, in April 1770, first saw land presumed to be the east coast of New Holland.
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sailed past the area in an open whale-boat and was unable to identify the point. Although
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The plaque on the landward side of the obelisk at Point Hicks, Victoria, Australia.
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1161:
Lipscombe, Trevor (2015) "Cook's Point Hicks: Error That Just Won't Go Away" in
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1722:
1140:
Mawer, GA (2018). "Lying for the admiralty: Captain Cook's
Endeavour voyage ".
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208:
147:
1214:
Scott, Ernest (1912). "English and French Navigators on the Victorian Coast".
2010:
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1310:"Monumental geo-politics: ocean, land and Captain Cook in interwar Australia"
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964:"A Beacon on the Wilderness Coast: The Story of Point Hicks (Cape Everard)"
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Map by The Society for the diffusion of useful knowledge published in 1840
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by the Captain Cook Society, volume 38, number 2, pages 26–32. Online at,
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1356:. Melbourne: National Library of Australia. 6 November 1924. p. 17
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The traditional custodians of the land surrounding Point Hicks are the
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Captain Cook's Epic Voyage: the strange quest for a missing continent
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proclaimed the new name in a ceremony at the point on 20 April 1970.
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the Southermost Point of land we had in sight which bore from us W
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in 1843. It was presumed he named it after fellow naval officer
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The first use of the name Cape Everard has been attributed to
1121:
Lipscombe, Trevor (2020). "Cook Conspiracy at Point Hicks?".
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In the 1930s, the Australian businessman and philanthropist,
1256:
Liscombe, Trevor (2014). "Point Hicks – The clouded facts".
1277:"Hydrographers v Historians — the truth about Point Hicks"
1157:
1155:
1075:"Why Has The Error of Cook's Point Hicks Endured? Part 1"
1098:
Lying for the Admiralty: Captain Cook's Endeavour Voyage
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National Library of Australia, South Seas Collection
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2008:
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349:) with pleasant summers and cool damp winters.
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1286:(24). Australasian Hydrographic Society: 4–8
1235:"Cook's Point Hicks: Reports from the 1870s"
1085:(1): 33–35 – via Captain Cook Society.
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1023:. Cambridge: Hakluyt Society. p. 299.
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1308:Antonello, Alessandro (2 October 2021).
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1100:. Sydney: Rosenberg. pp. 148–154.
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1378:(1 May 2005). Wharton, W. J. L (ed.).
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1428:"Climate statistics for Point Hicks"
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989:"Point Hicks Marine National Park"
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1406:. Viking Australia. p. 305.
1275:Lipscombe, Trevor (August 2014).
1245:(3). Captain Cook Society: 36–37.
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324:bicentenary of Cook's 1770 voyage
195:reached the continent during the
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886:Point Hicks Marine National Park
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158:. The point is marked by the
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1326:10.1080/14490854.2021.1991812
1216:Victorian Historical Magazine
1148:: 59–61 – via ProQuest.
1047:Cook, James (19 April 1770).
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356:Climate data for Point Hicks
180:peoples who called the point
1258:Victorian Historical Journal
932:. 2 May 1966. Archived from
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2017:Croajingolong National Park
1184:A Voyage to Terra Australis
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759:Average precipitation days
545:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
475:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
156:Croajingolong National Park
68:Location of Point Hicks in
10:
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1506:First voyage of James Cook
1402:Blainey, Geoffrey (2020).
1233:Lipscombe, Trevor (2020).
1073:Lipscombe, Trevor (2020).
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1999:*Places where Cook landed
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1096:Cameron-Ash, M. (2018).
962:Haldane, Robert (2001).
881:Mueller River (Victoria)
209:Lieutenant Zachary Hicks
1502:Australian places named
1430:. Bureau of Meteorology
341:Point Hicks has a mild
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1982:Prince of Wales' Isles
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922:"Point Hicks: 17439"
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104:-37.80306; 149.27556
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1389:Project Gutenberg
1314:History Australia
1192:Project Gutenberg
1179:Flinders, Matthew
1107:978-0-64804-396-6
936:on 9 January 2014
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1128:
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687:precipitation
683:
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223:(present-day
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128:
124:
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117:
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108:
80:Coordinates:
78:
71:
50:
41:
37:
32:
22:
19:
1988:Booby Island
1936:Eagle Island
1918:Cape Bedford
1907:Hope Islands
1880:Cape Grafton
1864:Double Point
1822:Cape Upstart
1729:Keppel Isles
1667:Cape Moreton
1656:Point Danger
1589:Port Jackson
1570:Pigeon House
1564:Batemans Bay
1521:
1456:
1432:. Retrieved
1422:
1403:
1397:
1380:
1370:
1360:27 September
1358:. Retrieved
1351:
1342:
1317:
1313:
1288:. Retrieved
1283:
1270:
1261:
1257:
1251:
1242:
1238:
1228:
1219:
1215:
1209:
1200:
1183:
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1145:
1141:
1135:
1126:
1122:
1116:
1097:
1091:
1082:
1078:
1068:
1056:. Retrieved
1052:
1020:
1014:
1002:. Retrieved
992:
983:
971:. Retrieved
967:
938:. Retrieved
934:the original
925:
899:Thurra River
892:
689:mm (inches)
346:
340:
321:
306:
302:
294:
277:
271:hydrographer
268:
256:
245:
241:
238:
230:
218:
206:
191:
181:
168:
140:Cape Everard
139:
135:
134:
28:Cape Everard
18:
1986:23 August:
1974:22 August:
1968:21 August:
1957:20 August:
1941:19 August:
1928:11 August:
1922:10 August:
1891:Trinity Bay
1854:Dunk Island
1844:Halifax Bay
1790:Repulse Bay
1785:Cape Conway
1774:Slade Point
1768:Broad Sound
1716:Bustard Bay
1694:Indian Head
1672:Moreton Bay
1522:Point Hicks
1376:Cook, James
1290:27 February
1284:Map Matters
973:27 February
331:Henry Bolte
319:, in 1934.
259:George Bass
178:Gunaikurnai
136:Point Hicks
129:, Australia
102: /
90:149°16′32″E
62:Point Hicks
25:Point Hicks
2011:Categories
1959:Bird Isles
1886:Green Isle
1833:Palm Isles
1735:Keppel Bay
1705:Hervey Bay
1699:Sandy Cape
1648:Queensland
1633:Cape Byron
1622:Smoky Cape
1610:Cape Hawke
1594:Broken Bay
1582:Botany Bay
1580:28 April:
1574:25 April:
1568:22 April:
1557:21 April:
1520:19 April:
1434:1 February
1239:Cook's Log
1163:Cook's Log
1079:Cook's Log
1058:18 October
1030:0851157440
1004:10 January
905:References
182:Tolywiarar
164:Tasman Sea
150:region of
87:37°48′11″S
1970:York Cape
1953:Bolt Head
1905:13 June:
1901:Low Isles
1884:10 June:
1763:Long Isle
1757:Pier Head
1576:Red Point
1533:Cape Howe
1353:The Argus
1334:1449-0854
1142:The Globe
1123:The Globe
940:9 January
317:Melbourne
192:Endeavour
190:HMS
186:Europeans
1868:9 June:
1842:8 June:
1826:6 June:
1820:5 June:
1794:4 June:
1783:3 June:
1772:2 June:
1761:1 June:
1755:31 May:
1744:28 May:
1733:27 May:
1727:26 May:
1721:25 May:
1714:23 May:
1703:21 May:
1692:19 May:
1688:Wide Bay
1681:18 May:
1660:17 May:
1654:16 May:
1637:16 May:
1626:15 May:
1620:13 May:
1614:12 May:
1598:11 May:
1527:Ram Head
1514:Victoria
1385:(e-book)
1188:(e-book)
1129:: 51–56.
926:Vicnames
891:SS
859:See also
803:Average
754:(38.19)
685:Average
470:(108.9)
465:(106.5)
460:(102.2)
420:(100.0)
415:(105.8)
410:(108.9)
286:surveyor
225:Tasmania
152:Victoria
144:headland
127:Victoria
115:Location
70:Victoria
1587:6 May:
1508:in 1770
1504:on the
749:(2.81)
744:(3.20)
739:(2.99)
734:(3.03)
729:(3.14)
724:(3.91)
719:(4.46)
714:(3.72)
709:(3.46)
704:(2.67)
699:(2.27)
694:(2.49)
680:(28.4)
675:(43.3)
670:(40.8)
665:(37.6)
660:(35.2)
655:(34.0)
650:(28.4)
645:(36.0)
640:(37.0)
635:(42.8)
630:(45.0)
625:(43.9)
620:(34.9)
610:(53.6)
605:(57.6)
600:(54.9)
595:(51.8)
590:(49.3)
585:(47.3)
580:(46.8)
575:(48.4)
570:(52.0)
565:(55.6)
560:(59.2)
555:(61.0)
550:(60.4)
540:(66.2)
535:(71.8)
530:(68.7)
525:(65.7)
520:(61.9)
515:(59.0)
510:(57.6)
505:(58.6)
500:(62.6)
495:(67.6)
490:(72.0)
485:(74.8)
480:(75.0)
455:(95.9)
450:(88.0)
445:(84.6)
440:(75.2)
435:(72.9)
430:(81.5)
425:(96.1)
337:Climate
297:obelisk
215:History
188:, when
174:Bidawal
146:in the
1410:
1332:
1104:
1027:
798:148.3
361:Month
278:Beagle
1280:(PDF)
893:Saros
795:10.9
792:12.5
789:13.9
786:14.1
783:14.1
780:14.1
777:14.3
774:13.5
771:12.1
768:10.4
752:970.0
717:113.2
400:Year
1531:20:
1436:2017
1408:ISBN
1362:2013
1330:ISSN
1292:2015
1102:ISBN
1060:2020
1025:ISBN
1006:2014
975:2015
942:2014
807:(%)
765:8.8
762:9.6
747:71.5
742:81.2
737:76.0
732:76.9
727:79.7
722:99.3
712:94.4
707:87.9
702:67.8
697:57.7
692:63.2
678:−2.0
648:−2.0
608:12.0
603:14.2
598:12.7
593:11.0
568:11.1
563:13.1
558:15.1
553:16.1
548:15.8
538:19.0
533:22.1
528:20.4
523:18.7
518:16.6
513:15.0
508:14.2
503:14.8
498:17.0
493:19.8
488:22.2
483:23.8
478:23.9
468:42.7
463:41.4
458:39.0
453:35.5
448:31.1
443:29.2
438:24.0
433:22.7
428:27.5
423:35.6
418:37.8
413:41.0
408:42.7
397:Dec
394:Nov
391:Oct
388:Sep
385:Aug
382:Jul
379:Jun
376:May
373:Apr
370:Mar
367:Feb
364:Jan
203:Name
176:and
123:IBRA
36:Cape
1464:at
1455:at
1322:doi
846:73
843:73
840:72
837:73
834:73
831:72
828:74
825:76
822:76
819:73
816:73
813:72
810:71
673:6.3
668:4.9
663:3.1
658:1.8
653:1.1
643:2.2
638:2.8
633:6.0
628:7.2
623:6.6
618:1.6
588:9.6
583:8.5
578:8.2
573:9.1
347:Cfb
233:1/4
125:),
2013::
1387:.
1350:.
1328:.
1318:18
1316:.
1312:.
1300:^
1282:.
1262:85
1260:.
1243:41
1241:.
1237:.
1218:.
1154:^
1146:84
1144:.
1127:87
1125:.
1083:43
1081:.
1077:.
1051:.
1039:^
997:.
991:.
966:.
950:^
928:.
924:.
913:^
326:.
315:,
166:.
1990:*
1978:*
1938:*
1932:*
1718:*
1584:*
1494:e
1487:t
1480:v
1438:.
1416:.
1391:.
1364:.
1336:.
1324::
1294:.
1220:2
1194:.
1110:.
1062:.
1033:.
1008:.
977:.
944:.
345:(
121:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.