451:
338:
62:
95:
74:
917:
152:'s first voyage to the Pacific and the first among Cook's crew to sight mainland Australia. A dependable officer who had risen swiftly through the ranks, Hicks conducted liaison and military duties for Cook, including command of shore parties in Rio de Janeiro and the kidnapping of a Tahitian chieftain in order to force indigenous assistance in the recovery of deserters. Hicks' quick thinking while in temporary command of
260:
503:, recorded that Hicks had given him the following translations of indigenous speech: "boorwee" meaning three; "warregal" meaning dog; "mareeyang" meaning large bird; "mayanga" meaning to fly; "gong" meaning sun; "eednarda" meaning moon; "padoo" meaning water; "bemalle" meaning earth; and "gooiyong" meaning fire.
472:
He is memorialised in the inscription on a monument at Point Hicks, which reads, "Lieutenant James Cook, R.N. of the
Endeavour, first sighted Australia near this point which he named Point Hicks, after Lieutenant Zachary Hicks who first saw the land." A matching inscription is affixed to the monument
365:
was due to depart, two of her marines deserted to the mountains to stay with their
Tahitian "wives". Cook deputised Hicks to secure their return, ordering him to kidnap local chief Tootaha and three others in order to force the Tahitians to reveal where the deserters were hiding. The kidnapping was a
437:
As Cook recorded in his journal, the cause of Hickes' death was "a
Consumption of which he was not free from when we saild from England so that it may be truly said that he hath been dieing ever sence, though he held out tolerable well until we got to Batavia." His remains were buried at sea off the
373:
s surgeon
William Monkhouse and four of her crew, and holding them hostage near the shore. Again Cook turned to Hicks, who led a strong detachment of marines to the shore and threatened that "the Chiefs would suffer for it" if the hostages were not freed. Hicks' threat succeeded – Monkhouse and the
424:
when more than a dozen gathered on the beach to watch his men collect water. Cook observed in his journal that "Mister Hicks did all in his power to entice them to him by offering them presents and company but it was to no purpose, all they seem'd to want was for us to be gone." Hickes nonetheless
313:
On 19 November Hicks was again sent ashore, to present a letter from Cook to the viceroy. On arrival at Rio's docks he objected when a
Portuguese soldier boarded his boat and refused to leave, at which point he and his crew were arrested and taken under guard from the shore. Portuguese authorities
1271:
408:
into the uncharted waters of the South
Pacific. He was credited with locating Hicks Bay in New Zealand, and then with being the first to see the mainland of Australia near today's Point Hicks (land was sighted on his morning watch). Cook recorded both those names after him.
419:
in eastern
Australia on 29 April 1770. After the initial landing by Cook, Hicks was given command of the shore party with responsibility for collecting water and wood to resupply the ship. In this role Hickes made the expedition's first sustained contact with
174:
Yet despite his vigorous service Hicks was dogged by ill health, which worsened as the voyage progressed. He died in May 1771 of a consumptive illness likely contracted before sailing from
England, and his remains were buried at sea off the Atlantic island of
400:
on the eastward side of the island to time the beginning and end of the transit, but their figures did not match those of other observers. A disappointed Cook was forced to record the differing figures and settle on an average between them.
602:"Correspondence between the Conde de Azambuja, Vice Roy of the Estate of Brazil, and Lieutenant James Cook, Commander His Britannick Majesty's Ship Endeavour" (19–22 November 1768), cited in Beaglehole 1968, pp. 491–493
325:
which the
Portuguese suggested had been lost. Portuguese authorities accused Hicks of threatening their soldiers' lives and of displaying "petulancy and imprudence"; they asked that he be confined to
1407:
190:
Zachary's surname was usually, but not always, spelt Hicks in the journals of Cook and Banks. The family used the spelling Hickes, and
Zachary's commission has that spelling.
329:
and not return to shore. However Cook considered that Hicks had offered no provocation to Portuguese authorities that would justify their depriving him of his boat and command.
321:
s pinnace and imprisoned the crew, sending Hicks back to his ship alone. After formal protests from Cook, Hicks' crew was released and the vessel returned but without its
287:
reached the Portuguese port of Rio de Janeiro on 13 November 1768. There Hicks was given his first specific duties by Cook: to put ashore in command of the ship's
469:
describes him as "a man of ability" but without "the chance to shine ... an invaluable man, probably, on any expedition; but perhaps born to be a lieutenant."
291:, to make contact with local authorities and to seek permission to replenish the ship's supplies. The engagement did not go well, as the Portuguese viceroy
226:
1264:
1212:
232:
in August 1767, and to acting lieutenant on the same vessel in March 1768. His officer's commission was formalised on 26 May 1768 with a transfer to
1130:
863:
306:
were detained on shore while answers were sought from Cook regarding his vessel, armaments and number of crew. The pinnace was returned to
890:
1402:
1171:
1055:
1298:
1182:
1243:
1192:
450:
1197:
791:
425:
persisted, with sufficient interaction over the following days for him to interpret a few words of the indigenous language.
1272:
A catalogue of the different specimens of cloth collected in the three voyages of Captain Cook, to the Southern Hemisphere
1219:
433:
Hickes died of a consumptive lung infection on 26 May 1771, the third anniversary of his commission as lieutenant aboard
477:
in North Yorkshire. A street crescent in the Melbourne suburb of Endeavour Hills bears the name Zachary Hicks Crescent.
1187:
1110:
1080:
337:
823:
292:
1311:
856:
496:
1349:
1207:
1145:
1070:
1288:
1202:
772:
1316:
1250:
748:
The Journals of Captain James Cook on His Voyages of Discovery, vol. I:The Voyage of the Endeavour 1768–1771
1387:
1382:
1306:
522:
925:
896:
849:
1140:
1060:
1005:
901:
886:
310:
without Hicks, and he and Clerke were only permitted to return to their ship after some hours' delay.
1236:
1015:
689:
1341:
1257:
712:
Smith, Keith Vincent (January 2003). "1770: The Endeavour Lists: Forgotten Words from Botany Bay".
288:
66:
61:
263:
Portuguese viceroy Antônio Rolim de Moura, on whose authority Hicks was detained in Rio de Janeiro
207:
1392:
1045:
374:
sailors were released, the Tahitians found and returned the deserters, and all were restored to
1333:
1155:
981:
743:
421:
382:
1125:
1377:
1372:
965:
941:
933:
8:
1397:
1035:
973:
905:
572:
Correspondence, Admiralty to Navy Board, 25 March 1768. Cited in Beaglehole 1968, p. 610
1100:
721:
259:
1301:
1293:
835:
819:
787:
768:
751:
322:
118:
1095:
949:
466:
393:
300:
280:
211:
1120:
1050:
815:
164:
361:
in April 1769. Hicks' abilities as a leader were tested when, three days before
168:
1135:
1025:
397:
303:
215:
79:
1366:
1115:
1090:
1040:
1030:
1010:
957:
755:
684:
272:
237:
153:
129:
1075:
1020:
1000:
916:
454:
Hicks Bay on New Zealand's east coast. First sighted by Zachary Hicks from
439:
276:
271:
were uneventful. He is not mentioned in the journals of either Cook or the
176:
160:
381:
On 3 June Cook chose Hicks as one of the six men designated to record the
1150:
1105:
474:
184:
725:
872:
807:
416:
366:
success but the stratagem failed; the Tahitians responded by abducting
233:
222:
149:
145:
100:
465:
As an officer, Hicks was well regarded but not exceptional. Historian
841:
354:
180:
49:
830:
199:
36:
358:
831:
Captain Cook's Journal During the First Voyage Round the World
203:
202:
in 1739. He enlisted or was pressed into military service at
720:(1). Australian Institute of Policy and Science: 32–37, 40.
1408:
Military personnel from the London Borough of Tower Hamlets
1085:
442:, with what Cook described as "the usual ceremonies."
345:
off the coast of New Holland. By Samuel Atkins c. 1794
206:
and first appears in navy muster-books as serving as
16:
British Royal Navy officer who Sailed with James Cook
357:and continued westward across the Pacific to reach
1265:Observations Made During a Voyage Round the World
1364:
742:
670:
668:
658:
656:
545:
543:
299:was on a scientific mission. Instead, Hicks and
221:from 1766. A skilled seaman, he was promoted to
646:
644:
559:
557:
555:
193:
404:Departing Tahiti, Hicks travelled onward with
857:
665:
653:
540:
762:
641:
629:James Cook, cited in Beaglehole 1968, p. 116
552:
392:s voyage was ostensibly based. Hicks joined
243:as second lieutenant and second-in-command.
891:1769 transit of Venus observed from Tahiti
864:
850:
701:– via National Library of Australia.
614:
598:
596:
378:along with a peace offering of four pigs.
70:
473:at the site of Cook's former cottage in
449:
336:
258:
1244:A Journal of a Voyage to the South Seas
593:
1365:
871:
491:
332:
845:
781:
711:
396:Richard Pickersgill and Second Mate
1220:Hawaii Sesquicentennial half dollar
246:
13:
801:
14:
1419:
254:
171:in New Zealand in November 1769.
144:(1739 – 25 May 1771) was a
1403:English explorers of the Pacific
1312:Puhi Kai Iti / Cook Landing Site
915:
93:
72:
60:
47:May 1771 (aged 31–32)
705:
677:
632:
623:
763:Collingridge, Vanessa (2002).
750:. Cambridge University Press.
605:
584:
575:
566:
527:The Captain Cook Society (CCS)
515:
159:also saved the lives of Cook,
148:officer, second-in-command on
1:
1251:Characteres generum plantarum
736:
693:. 26 January 1935. p. 16
523:"Zachary Hickes (1736-1771)"
508:
495:In a note dated 2 May 1770,
485:
445:
194:Early life and naval service
7:
267:Hicks' early months aboard
167:when they were attacked by
10:
1424:
1198:Fitzroy Gardens, Melbourne
590:Beaglehole 1968, pp. 23–24
581:Beaglehole 1968, pp. 22–23
1325:
1281:
1237:An Account of the Voyages
1228:
1164:
993:
924:
913:
879:
690:The Sydney Morning Herald
650:Collingridge 2002, p. 136
438:South Atlantic island of
187:are named in his honour.
124:
114:
106:
86:
55:
43:
30:
23:
1342:Voyage on a Dinner Table
1258:A Voyage Round the World
786:. Hodder and Stoughton.
549:Beaglehole 1968, p. cxxx
480:
428:
295:refused to believe that
183:and eastern Australia's
67:Kingdom of Great Britain
1046:Johann Reinhold Forster
818:, second edition 2003,
782:Hough, Richard (1995).
674:Beaglehole 1968, p. 471
662:Beaglehole 1968, p. 306
638:Beaglehole 1968, p. 115
620:Hough 1995, pp. 131–132
563:Beaglehole 1968, p. 591
1334:Stormy Was the Weather
1299:James Cook Collection:
611:Beaglehole 1968, p. 25
462:
422:indigenous Australians
346:
293:Antônio Rolim de Moura
264:
499:, able seaman aboard
461:deck, 31 October 1769
453:
340:
262:
150:Lieutenant James Cook
107:Years of service
812:H. M. Bark Endeavour
714:Australian Quarterly
1388:Royal Navy officers
1383:People from Stepney
1203:St Kilda, Melbourne
1036:Alexander Dalrymple
333:Pacific exploration
128:Second-in-command,
1350:Captain James Cook
1101:Nathaniel Portlock
873:Captain James Cook
784:Captain James Cook
463:
347:
265:
198:Hicks was born in
1360:
1359:
1302:Australian Museum
1289:Birthplace Museum
1208:Hyde Park, Sydney
836:Project Gutenberg
793:978-0-340-82556-3
415:made landfall in
341:Hicks' ship, HMS
225:aboard the sloop
139:
138:
1415:
1193:The Mall, London
1096:Sydney Parkinson
1016:Alexander Buchan
919:
866:
859:
852:
843:
842:
838:
797:
778:
767:. Random House.
759:
744:Beaglehole, J.C.
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467:J. C. Beaglehole
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391:
383:Transit of Venus
372:
320:
281:Sydney Parkinson
275:supernumeraries
179:. New Zealand's
99:
97:
96:
88:
82:
78:
76:
75:
65:
64:
21:
20:
1423:
1422:
1418:
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1363:
1362:
1361:
1356:
1321:
1307:Memorial Museum
1277:
1224:
1160:
1121:Daniel Solander
1051:Tobias Furneaux
989:
920:
911:
875:
870:
828:
816:Miegunyah Press
804:
802:Further reading
794:
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739:
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619:
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541:
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529:
521:
520:
516:
511:
506:
504:
488:
483:
458:
448:
431:
389:
370:
349:Departing Rio,
335:
318:
257:
252:
196:
165:Daniel Solander
94:
92:
73:
71:
69:
59:
48:
35:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1421:
1411:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1393:Burials at sea
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1358:
1357:
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1354:
1346:
1338:
1329:
1327:
1323:
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1319:
1314:
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1304:
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1294:Cooks' Cottage
1291:
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1275:
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1177:
1168:
1166:
1162:
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1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1136:James Trevenen
1133:
1131:William Taylor
1128:
1126:Herman Spöring
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1066:Zachary Hickes
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1026:Charles Clerke
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
997:
995:
991:
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987:
979:
971:
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947:
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928:
922:
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914:
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861:
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839:
826:
803:
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799:
798:
792:
779:
773:
760:
746:, ed. (1968).
738:
735:
732:
731:
704:
685:"CAPTAIN COOK"
676:
664:
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640:
631:
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604:
592:
583:
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539:
513:
512:
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507:
489:
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484:
482:
479:
447:
444:
430:
427:
398:Charles Clerke
334:
331:
304:Charles Clerke
256:
255:Outward voyage
253:
251:
245:
195:
192:
137:
136:
126:
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90:
84:
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57:
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15:
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1199:
1196:
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1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1175:
1174:Death of Cook
1170:
1169:
1167:
1163:
1157:
1156:Thomas Willis
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1141:William Wales
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1116:David Samwell
1114:
1112:
1111:Henry Roberts
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1091:Hugh Palliser
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1061:Charles Green
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1041:Georg Forster
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1031:James Colnett
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1011:William Bligh
1009:
1007:
1006:William Bayly
1004:
1002:
999:
998:
996:
992:
986:
985:
980:
978:
977:
972:
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964:
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953:
948:
946:
945:
940:
938:
937:
932:
931:
929:
927:
923:
918:
907:
903:
900:
898:
897:Second voyage
895:
892:
888:
885:
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882:
878:
874:
867:
862:
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853:
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824:0-522-85093-6
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524:
518:
514:
505:
502:
498:
493:
478:
476:
470:
468:
457:
452:
443:
441:
436:
426:
423:
418:
414:
410:
407:
402:
399:
395:
388:
384:
379:
377:
369:
364:
360:
356:
352:
344:
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328:
324:
317:
311:
309:
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301:master's mate
298:
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273:Royal Society
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143:
142:Zachary Hicks
134:
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102:
91:
85:
81:
68:
63:
58:
54:
51:
46:
42:
38:
33:
29:
25:Zachary Hicks
22:
19:
1348:
1340:
1332:
1270:
1263:
1256:
1249:
1242:
1235:
1188:Christchurch
1173:
1081:David Nelson
1076:John Ledyard
1065:
1021:James Burney
1001:Joseph Banks
983:
975:
967:
959:
951:
943:
935:
902:Third voyage
887:First voyage
829:
811:
783:
765:Captain Cook
764:
747:
717:
713:
707:
697:27 September
695:. Retrieved
688:
679:
634:
625:
616:
607:
586:
577:
568:
530:. Retrieved
526:
517:
500:
492:
490:
471:
464:
455:
440:Saint Helena
434:
432:
412:
411:
405:
403:
386:
380:
375:
367:
362:
350:
348:
342:
326:
315:
314:confiscated
312:
307:
296:
284:
277:Joseph Banks
268:
266:
248:
239:
228:
217:
197:
189:
177:Saint Helena
173:
161:Joseph Banks
155:
141:
140:
131:
18:
1378:1771 deaths
1373:1739 births
1317:Cook Island
1151:John Webber
1106:Edward Riou
497:Isaac Smith
475:Great Ayton
385:upon which
323:ensign flag
208:able seaman
185:Point Hicks
1398:James Cook
1367:Categories
1326:Depictions
1172:Zoffany's
1146:John Watts
1071:James King
994:Associates
984:Resolution
808:Ray Parkin
774:0091879132
737:References
435:Endeavour.
417:Botany Bay
394:First Mate
234:James Cook
223:midshipman
218:Launceston
146:Royal Navy
119:Lieutenant
101:Royal Navy
56:Allegiance
1183:Anchorage
1056:John Gore
982:HMS
974:HMS
968:Grenville
966:HMS
960:Endeavour
958:HMS
950:HMS
944:Discovery
942:HMS
936:Adventure
934:HMS
756:223185477
509:Citations
501:Endeavour
486:Footnotes
456:Endeavour
446:Memorials
413:Endeavour
406:Endeavour
387:Endeavour
376:Endeavour
368:Endeavour
363:Endeavour
355:Cape Horn
351:Endeavour
343:Endeavour
327:Endeavour
316:Endeavour
308:Endeavour
297:Endeavour
285:Endeavour
269:Endeavour
249:Endeavour
240:Endeavour
238:HMS
227:HMS
216:HMS
181:Hicks Bay
156:Endeavour
154:HMS
135:1768–1771
132:Endeavour
110:1766–1771
50:St Helena
39:, England
1213:Victoria
1179:Statues
1165:Artworks
976:Pembroke
726:20638152
532:19 March
353:rounded
125:Commands
87:Service/
1282:Related
926:Vessels
880:Voyages
289:pinnace
247:Aboard
214:aboard
200:Stepney
80:Britain
37:Stepney
1353:(1986)
1345:(1954)
1337:(1948)
822:
790:
771:
754:
724:
459:'s
359:Tahiti
283:until
229:Hornet
98:
89:branch
77:
1229:Books
952:Eagle
906:Death
722:JSTOR
481:Notes
429:Death
390:'
371:'
319:'
204:Ripon
169:Māori
1086:Omai
820:ISBN
788:ISBN
769:ISBN
752:OCLC
699:2013
534:2020
279:and
210:and
163:and
130:HMS
115:Rank
44:Died
34:1739
31:Born
834:at
236:'s
1369::
814:,
810:,
718:75
716:.
687:.
667:^
655:^
643:^
595:^
554:^
542:^
525:.
908:)
904:(
893:)
889:(
865:e
858:t
851:v
796:.
777:.
758:.
728:.
536:.
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