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115:, "pitch" is usually expressed with the rise first and run second (in the US, run is held to number 12; e.g., 3:12, 4:12, 5:12). In metric systems either the angle in degrees or rise per unit of run, expressed as a '1 in _' slope (where a '1 in 1' equals 45°) is used. Where convenient, a
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The primary purpose of pitching a roof is to redirect wind and precipitation, whether in the form of rain or snow. Thus, pitch is typically greater in areas of high rain or snowfall, lower in areas of high wind. The steep roof of the tropical
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Knight's
American mechanical dictionary: being a description of tools, instruments, machines, processes, and engineering; history of inventions; general technological vocabulary; and digest of mechanical appliances in science and the
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expressed as a ratio of inch(es) rise per horizontal foot (or their metric equivalent), or as the angle in degrees its surface deviates from the horizontal. A flat roof has a pitch of zero in either instance; all other roofs are
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US convention is to use whole numbers when even (e.g. "three in twelve") or the nearest single or two-digit fraction when not (e.g. either "five and a half in twelve" or "five point five in twelve", each expressed numerically as
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Considerations involved in selecting a roof pitch include availability and cost of materials, aesthetics, ease or difficulty of construction, climatic factors such as wind and potential snow load, and local building codes.
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Historically, roof pitch was designated in two other ways: A ratio of the ridge height to the width of the building (span) and as a ratio of the rafter length to the width of the building.
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A roof that rises 3 inches per foot, for example, would be described as having a pitch of 3 (or “3 in 12”).
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In trigonometric expression, exact roof slope in degrees is given by the arctangent. For example: arctan(
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Working on roofs with pitches too steep for safety requires a staging of scaffolding boards secured with
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allow for lower structures with a corresponding reduction in framing and sheathing materials.
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Some types of stone roof have a very restrictive roof pitch, which can lead to leaking
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roofs (up to 4:12 (1 in 3)) require special materials and techniques to avoid leaks.
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A dictionary of architecture and building: biographical, historical, and descriptive
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roofs of
Northern Europe are typical in regions of heavy snowfall. In some areas
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The pitch of a roof is its vertical 'rise' over its horizontal 'run’ (i.e. its
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46:, one of the oldest roofing materials, needs a steep pitch to drain properly
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169:, Quebec, Canada, specify 6 in 12, a pitch of approximately 26.6 degrees.
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is above 9:12 (3 in 4) (21:12) (7 in 4) and may require extra fasteners.
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Elizabethan: the rafters are longer than the span (more than 60°).
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Second
Edition on CD-ROM (v. 4.0) © Oxford University Press 2009
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A pitch gauge measuring the slope of an asphalt shingle roof
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Definitions vary on when a roof is considered pitched. In
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484:.. vol. 2. New York: J.B. Ford and Co., 1874. 1719. Print.
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is used (e.g., a '3 in 4' slope, for a '9 in 12' or '1 in
416:. New York: The Macmillan Co. ;, 1901. 152. Print.
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describes pitches from 4:12 (1 in 3) to 9:12 (3 in 4).
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Concise encyclopedia of construction terms and phrases
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Commonly used roof pitches were given names such as:
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427:Miter angles and miter saws, thisiscarpentry.com
341:Gothic: the rafters equal the span (60°); and
34:Display of roof pitches 1:12 through 18:12
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479:"Pitch" def. 2. Knight, Edward Henry.
251:on an angle to "pitch" a roof. Lower
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302:the span (an angle of 12.5° to 16°);
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445:. New York: Momentum, 2014. Print.
325:the span (an angle of 24° to 34°);
259:Historic expressions of roof pitch
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441:"Slope" def. 1. Schmid, Karl F..
178:roof includes pitches as low as
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218::12 and 5.5:12) respectively.
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328:Common: the rafter length is
508:Online roof pitch calculator
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113:imperial measurement systems
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498:How to determine roof pitch
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305:Roman: the ridge height is
282:Greek: the ridge height is
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412:"Pitch" Sturgis, Russell.
161:require a minimum slope.
465:Oxford English Dictionary
27:Measure of roof steepness
390:"Roof Slope Multiplier"
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104:), also known as its '
80:is the steepness of a
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503:Roof pitch calculator
370:Types of Pitched roof
338:the span (about 48°);
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528:Building engineering
463:"Pitch" def. 24.c.
355:List of roof shapes
253:pitched roof styles
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18:Pitched roof
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238:) = 14.0°.
96:Description
517:Categories
399:2018-05-19
376:References
245:carpenters
78:Roof pitch
365:Flat roof
360:Shed roof
190:low-slope
151:longhouse
137:Selection
523:Building
349:See also
167:Montreal
333:⁄
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249:rafters
242:Framing
233:⁄
223:degrees
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111:In the
87:pitched
155:gabled
44:thatch
198:Steep
106:slope
482:arts
247:cut
175:flat
165:and
133:').
102:span
82:roof
315:to
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