376:
281:, the household service. By the 15th century, however, it had apparently become a purely honorific charge, since holders of the post are attested being sent on missions to the provinces.
483:
207:, the post ceased to be restricted to eunuchs, and gradually became a title of distinction, even awarded to the Byzantine emperor's relatives. Several senior generals of the
269:
184:
suspended on a chain, which he gave to the emperor when the latter wanted to drink. His position at court was not very high, but he had an extensive staff, the παροινοχόοι (
917:
868:
910:
854:
476:
1076:
469:
1111:
1083:
425:]. Berliner byzantinische Arbeiten 35 (in French). Vol. I. Berlin and Amsterdam: Akademie-Verlag & Adolf M. Hakkert.
492:
64:
1172:
1167:
452:
1177:
1162:
396:
The
Imperial Administrative System of the Ninth Century – With a Revised Text of the Kletorologion of Philotheos
1020:
443:
247:, this rise to the highest ranks of the emperor's cup-bearer, along with the rise of the masters of the hunt (
34:
461:
212:
833:
189:
1069:
1056:
1043:
1090:
658:
136:, "the one in charge of the drink") were often used instead. The position is attested already in the
777:
728:
672:
665:
721:
644:
381:
216:
173:
819:
630:
220:
25:
962:
847:
693:
1187:
1031:
686:
509:
118:
8:
394:
231:
had risen considerably, and occupied the 14th place in the palace hierarchy, between the
158:
297:
295:
293:
1182:
826:
208:
448:
438:
426:
412:
400:
290:
244:
89:
259:) is an indication that the Byzantine court of the time resembled more and more the
651:
565:
537:
204:
123:
61:
770:
1002:
991:
980:
969:
889:
840:
812:
763:
756:
742:
707:
572:
544:
416:
255:
955:
896:
679:
622:
614:
530:
523:
496:
224:
180:
was the pouring of wine for the emperor; he accompanied the emperor, bearing a
71:
404:
1156:
1118:
1026:
1015:
935:
924:
903:
700:
593:
516:
430:
267:
also had assumed some of the responsibilities of the defunct position of the
233:
137:
491:
791:
749:
607:
558:
249:
239:
1097:
784:
735:
637:
586:
579:
1131:
1063:
1050:
1037:
948:
941:
861:
798:
551:
390:
188:, "assistant wine-pourers"). The post was imitated in the staff of the
176:
of the palace staff. As the name suggests, the principal charge of the
85:
805:
1138:
1104:
1008:
882:
875:
714:
260:
181:
163:
147:
127:
103:
93:
75:
51:
39:
263:
mores of the
Western feudal courts. At the same time, the
318:
316:
314:
312:
310:
192:
and in the households of great magnates. The spouse of a
352:
340:
307:
371:
328:
1154:
447:. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
477:
1122:of the cities according to their importance
16:High court position in the Byzantine empire
484:
470:
418:Recherches sur les institutions byzantines
122:"), and, particularly at the court of the
92:. In addition, descriptive terms such as
84:, "to mix "), and was used to denote the
411:
358:
346:
322:
273:, having under his command some of the
223:, were awarded the title. According to
1155:
465:
423:Studies on the Byzantine Institutions
196:bore the feminine form of his title:
112:, "chief wine-pourer"), κυλικιφόρος (
389:
334:
304:, "Pinkernes" (A. Kazhdan), p. 1679.
399:. London: Oxford University Press.
13:
444:The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium
14:
1199:
493:Order of Byzantine palace offices
374:
102:, "the emperor's wine-pourer"),
437:
301:
1:
284:
729:Megas droungarios tou stolou
673:Megas droungarios tes vigles
213:Michael Tarchaneiotes Glabas
40:
7:
834:Logothetes tou stratiotikou
270:domestikos epi tēs trapezēs
227:, in the 14th century, the
190:Patriarch of Constantinople
10:
1204:
367:
164:
148:
128:
104:
94:
76:
70:The term derives from the
52:
29:
1173:Food services occupations
504:
100:ho tou basileōs oinochoos
1168:Byzantine palace offices
778:Logothetes ton oikeiakon
918:Domestikos ton teicheon
645:Domestikos tes trapezes
382:Byzantine Empire portal
217:Alexios Philanthropenos
172:) are listed among the
170:pinkernēs tēs Augoustēs
165:πιγκέρνης τῆς Αὐγούστης
95:ὁ τοῡ βασιλέως οἰνοχόος
1178:Ceremonial occupations
1163:Byzantine court titles
736:Primmikerios tes aules
722:Domestikos ton scholon
631:Logothetes tou genikou
415:(1967). "L'Échanson".
253:) and of the falcons (
221:Syrgiannes Palaiologos
154:pinkernēs tou despotou
149:πιγκέρνης τοῦ δεσπότου
963:Logariastes tes aules
848:Logothetes ton agelon
694:Logothetes tou dromou
573:Megas stratopedarches
134:ho epi tou kerasmatos
1032:Palace of Blachernae
869:Krites tou phossatou
687:Megas chartoullarios
680:Megas hetaireiarches
129:ὁ ἐπὶ τοῡ κεράσματος
876:Archon tou allagiou
1132:Epi tou kanikleiou
911:Epi ton anamneseon
855:Megas diermeneutes
827:Megas adnoumiastes
580:Megas primmikerios
439:Kazhdan, Alexander
413:Guilland, Rodolphe
209:Palaiologan period
44:), sometimes also
1150:
1149:
785:Megas logariastes
771:Praitor tou demou
587:Megas konostaulos
245:Rodolphe Guilland
203:During the early
116:, "bearer of the
90:Byzantine emperor
38:
1195:
652:Epi tes trapezes
638:Protovestiarites
566:Megas logothetes
538:Panhypersebastos
531:Megas domestikos
486:
479:
472:
463:
462:
458:
434:
408:
384:
379:
378:
377:
362:
356:
350:
344:
338:
332:
326:
320:
305:
299:
205:Komnenian period
167:
166:
151:
150:
146:of the emperor (
142:of 899, where a
131:
130:
124:Empire of Nicaea
107:
106:
97:
96:
79:
78:
55:
54:
43:
33:
31:
1203:
1202:
1198:
1197:
1196:
1194:
1193:
1192:
1153:
1152:
1151:
1146:
1077:Megas myrtaïtes
1067:of the western
1054:of the eastern
1003:Stratopedarches
992:Stratopedarches
981:Stratopedarches
970:Stratopedarches
890:Megas dioiketes
841:Protoierakarios
813:Epi ton deeseon
764:Megas tzaousios
757:Tatas tes aules
743:Protospatharios
708:Epi tou stratou
545:Protovestiarios
500:
490:
455:
380:
375:
373:
370:
365:
357:
353:
345:
341:
333:
329:
321:
308:
300:
291:
287:
256:prōtoierakarios
243:. According to
200:(πιγκέρνισσα).
17:
12:
11:
5:
1201:
1191:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1148:
1147:
1145:
1144:
1143:
1142:
1139:Megas baïoulos
1135:
1124:
1123:
1115:
1108:
1101:
1094:
1087:
1080:
1073:
1060:
1047:
1034:
1023:
1012:
999:
988:
977:
966:
959:
956:Hetaireiarches
952:
945:
932:
921:
914:
907:
900:
897:Orphanotrophos
893:
886:
879:
872:
865:
858:
851:
844:
837:
830:
823:
816:
809:
802:
795:
788:
781:
774:
767:
760:
753:
746:
739:
732:
725:
718:
711:
704:
697:
690:
683:
676:
669:
662:
655:
648:
641:
634:
627:
623:Parakoimomenos
619:
617:tes sphendones
615:Parakoimomenos
611:
604:
597:
590:
583:
576:
569:
562:
555:
548:
541:
534:
527:
520:
513:
505:
502:
501:
497:pseudo-Kodinos
489:
488:
481:
474:
466:
460:
459:
453:
441:, ed. (1991).
435:
409:
386:
385:
369:
366:
364:
363:
361:, p. 243.
351:
349:, p. 250.
339:
337:, p. 128.
327:
325:, p. 242.
306:
288:
286:
283:
225:pseudo-Kodinos
110:archioinochoos
65:court position
60:), was a high
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1200:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1160:
1158:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1134:
1133:
1129:
1128:
1127:unknown rank
1126:
1125:
1121:
1120:
1119:Prokathemenoi
1116:
1114:
1113:
1109:
1107:
1106:
1102:
1100:
1099:
1095:
1093:
1092:
1088:
1086:
1085:
1081:
1079:
1078:
1074:
1072:
1071:
1066:
1065:
1061:
1059:
1058:
1053:
1052:
1048:
1046:
1045:
1040:
1039:
1035:
1033:
1029:
1028:
1027:Prokathemenos
1024:
1022:
1018:
1017:
1016:Prokathemenos
1013:
1011:
1010:
1005:
1004:
1000:
998:
994:
993:
989:
987:
983:
982:
978:
976:
972:
971:
967:
965:
964:
960:
958:
957:
953:
951:
950:
946:
944:
943:
938:
937:
936:Prokathemenos
933:
931:
927:
926:
925:Prokathemenos
922:
920:
919:
915:
913:
912:
908:
906:
905:
904:Protonotarios
901:
899:
898:
894:
892:
891:
887:
885:
884:
883:Protallagator
880:
878:
877:
873:
871:
870:
866:
864:
863:
859:
857:
856:
852:
850:
849:
845:
843:
842:
838:
836:
835:
831:
829:
828:
824:
822:
821:
817:
815:
814:
810:
808:
807:
803:
801:
800:
796:
794:
793:
789:
787:
786:
782:
780:
779:
775:
773:
772:
768:
766:
765:
761:
759:
758:
754:
752:
751:
747:
745:
744:
740:
738:
737:
733:
731:
730:
726:
724:
723:
719:
717:
716:
712:
710:
709:
705:
703:
702:
701:Protasekretis
698:
696:
695:
691:
689:
688:
684:
682:
681:
677:
675:
674:
670:
668:
667:
663:
661:
660:
656:
654:
653:
649:
647:
646:
642:
640:
639:
635:
633:
632:
628:
626:
624:
620:
618:
616:
612:
610:
609:
605:
603:
602:
598:
596:
595:
594:Protosebastos
591:
589:
588:
584:
582:
581:
577:
575:
574:
570:
568:
567:
563:
561:
560:
556:
554:
553:
549:
547:
546:
542:
540:
539:
535:
533:
532:
528:
526:
525:
521:
519:
518:
517:Sebastokrator
514:
512:
511:
507:
506:
503:
498:
494:
487:
482:
480:
475:
473:
468:
467:
464:
456:
454:0-19-504652-8
450:
446:
445:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
419:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
397:
392:
388:
387:
383:
372:
360:
359:Guilland 1967
355:
348:
347:Guilland 1967
343:
336:
331:
324:
323:Guilland 1967
319:
317:
315:
313:
311:
303:
298:
296:
294:
289:
282:
280:
276:
272:
271:
266:
262:
258:
257:
252:
251:
246:
242:
241:
236:
235:
234:prōtosebastos
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
201:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
161:
160:
156:) and of the
155:
145:
141:
140:
139:Klētorologion
135:
125:
121:
120:
115:
111:
101:
91:
87:
83:
73:
68:
66:
63:
59:
49:
48:
42:
36:
27:
26:Ancient Greek
23:
22:
1137:
1130:
1117:
1110:
1103:
1096:
1089:
1082:
1075:
1068:
1062:
1055:
1049:
1042:
1036:
1025:
1021:Great Palace
1014:
1007:
1001:
996:
990:
986:tzangratores
985:
979:
975:monokaballoi
974:
968:
961:
954:
947:
940:
934:
929:
923:
916:
909:
902:
895:
888:
881:
874:
867:
860:
853:
846:
839:
832:
825:
818:
811:
804:
797:
792:Protokynegos
790:
783:
776:
769:
762:
755:
750:Megas archon
748:
741:
734:
727:
720:
713:
706:
699:
692:
685:
678:
671:
664:
659:Megas papias
657:
650:
643:
636:
629:
625:tou koitonos
621:
613:
608:Kouropalates
606:
600:
599:
592:
585:
578:
571:
564:
559:Protostrator
557:
550:
543:
536:
529:
522:
515:
508:
442:
422:
417:
395:
354:
342:
330:
278:
274:
268:
264:
254:
250:prōtokynēgos
248:
240:kouropalatēs
238:
232:
228:
202:
197:
193:
185:
177:
169:
157:
153:
143:
138:
133:
117:
114:kylikiphoros
113:
109:
105:ἀρχιοινοχόος
99:
82:epikeránnymi
81:
77:ἐπικεράννυμι
69:
57:
46:
45:
20:
19:
18:
1188:Cup-bearers
1098:Droungarios
391:Bury, J. B.
279:domestikion
198:pinkernissa
186:paroinochoi
1157:Categories
1084:Protokomes
1064:Domestikos
1051:Domestikos
1038:Domestikos
949:Vestiariou
942:vestiarion
862:Akolouthos
799:Skouterios
552:Megas doux
405:1046639111
285:References
275:domestikoi
211:, such as
86:cup-bearer
58:epinkernēs
53:ἐπιγκέρνης
47:epinkernes
1183:Pinkernai
1112:Myrtaïtes
997:mourtatoi
820:Koiaistor
806:Ameralios
601:Pinkernes
431:878894516
335:Bury 1911
265:pinkernēs
261:chivalric
229:pinkernēs
194:pinkernēs
178:pinkernēs
144:pinkernēs
62:Byzantine
41:pinkernēs
35:romanized
30:πιγκέρνης
21:Pinkernes
1105:Sebastos
1009:Tzakones
715:Mystikos
666:Eparchos
510:Despotes
393:(1911).
237:and the
1070:themata
1057:themata
1044:themata
1041:of the
1030:of the
1019:of the
1006:of the
995:of the
984:of the
973:of the
939:of the
928:of the
495:(after
368:Sources
277:of the
174:eunuchs
159:Augusta
88:of the
37::
1091:Papias
930:koiton
524:Caesar
451:
429:
403:
182:goblet
421:[
119:kylix
74:verb
72:Greek
449:ISBN
427:OCLC
401:OCLC
219:and
302:ODB
67:.
1159::
309:^
292:^
215:,
168:,
152:,
126:,
56:,
32:,
28::
499:)
485:e
478:t
471:v
457:.
433:.
407:.
162:(
132:(
108:(
98:(
80:(
50:(
24:(
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