374:
524:
217:
4338:
556:
directed against the often illegal accumulation of vast estates by the
Anatolian magnates, specifically names the Phokades and the closely allied Maleinoi as targets of the emperor's legislation. The Phokades, however, retained a measure of influence in their native Cappadocia: there, in 1022, Bardas Phokas's son
185:, named Ibn al-Fuqas; this is rejected by modern historians. Đurić, in particular, wrote that this story could be based on a local folktale, and that al-Athir, who was from a different time and place, was ignorant of the emperor's ancestors who were attested in Byzantine sources; such as his actual father,
542:
and
Domestic of the East, he managed to defeat Skleros. Bardas himself rebelled in 987, with the support of many of the major aristocratic families, in an uprising that lasted until his death in 989 at the Battle of Abydos. Skleros, who had returned from his Arab exile and had been captured by Bardas
654:
It is probable that the family became extinct in the 11th century and later appearances of personalities with the surname "Phokas" do not appear to belong to the same family. Most likely, the closest descendants of the imperial house of the
Phokades are the ones from the Phokas-Kallergis family;
555:
After facing down the rebellions of the large aristocratic families, Basil II undertook a series of measures to curb their power, wealth and influence. The
Phokades in particular were kept away from military posts and suffered the confiscation of their extensive estates. Basil's edict of 996,
457:
Nikephoros's regime, however, quickly became unpopular, both due to his focus on military affairs to the detriment of the economy and for his religious policies. In
December 969, he was murdered by a group of disaffected generals led by his nephew and one-time protégé John Tzimiskes, with the
1760:
2280:
600:
These events signalled the end of the direct line of the great 10th-century generals, which almost certainly died out by the mid-11th century. Nevertheless, the prestige attached to the family name remained considerable for a time after their end: the historian
398:, in 953, even left his son Constantine captive in the Hamdanid's hands. Finally, in 955, Bardas was replaced by his son Nikephoros. With the aid of Leo, who had already established himself through victories of his own, and his nephew
338:, respectively. These appointments heralded a period of over twenty years when the Phokades and their clients monopolized the Byzantine army's leadership. During this period, the Phokas clan was closely allied with the
574:, was proclaimed emperor. He was soon murdered by Xiphias and the Phokas supporters deserted the revolt, which quickly broke apart. The last mention of a direct descendant of the Phokas family comes in 1026, when the
612:) for being related to the Phokades, "whose glory stretches over all the land and the sea". The Phokas name is rarely mentioned thereafter, until it experienced a revival during the 13th century in the
2507:
498:
Nikephoros were blinded and their property confiscated. One member of the family had a different fate: Leo's daughter Sophia
Phokaina had married Constantine Skleros, the brother of
3217:
235:), but there is no evidence connecting these early Phokades to the family. The first-attested member of the family was a soldier, probably of humble origin, who was appointed
1880:
1590:
363:
1828:
1701:
1673:
1618:
543:
Phokas, tried to assume the leadership of the revolt, allying himself with Bardas's sons Leo and
Nikephoros, but soon submitted to the emperor. Leo tried to hold out in
373:
197:
origin for the family (partly to account for the frequent presence of the name "Bardas" among the family members), while various other scholars speculate a mixed
1600:
138:, writing in the second half of the 11th century, claimed to have come across the genealogical tree of the family in an old book, and presented its descent from
2026:
3450:
1947:
1890:
1838:
1774:
1770:
1742:
1711:
1683:
1628:
386:
Bardas himself, already in his mid-sixties when named commander-in-chief, proved a mediocre general, suffering a string of defeats at the hands of the
346:, through the marriage of Bardas to a Maleinos lady. Other families that were closely aligned with and often related to them through marriage were the
209:—and Armenian origin. None of these hypotheses can be conclusively proven today. Whatever their ethnic origins, the Phokades appear to have settled in
2430:
4326:
2680:
2581:
4014:
2591:
2524:
1430:
2539:
2534:
347:
3615:
2601:
2576:
109:
military aristocracy, the
Phokades were also involved in a series of rebellions that laid claim to power and challenged the emperors at
3966:
3949:
2606:
2586:
2281:"Nikephoros III Botaneiates, the Phokades, and the Fabii: embellished genealogies and contested kinship in eleventh-century Byzantium"
2187:
3665:
3511:
3483:
3127:
3119:
2596:
2529:
279:
414:
in 963, the popular and powerful
Nikephoros seized the throne, becoming senior emperor and guardian over the young sons of Romanos,
3861:
3222:
157:, Athanasios Markopoulos, and Nathan Leidholm, this narrative was very likely made-up with the purpose of glorifying the recently
3710:
4190:
3715:
213:, where their estates were concentrated and which is clearly attested as their power base and the center of their activities.
4114:
2874:
2867:
2423:
2399:
2218:
2157:
2136:
2072:
147:
3866:
3725:
3013:
502:. Constantine was Tzimiskes's brother-in-law from his first marriage and a close ally of the new emperor. Their daughter,
2857:
158:
4195:
3608:
2347:
2285:
4296:
2862:
2375:
2246:
2115:
3359:
2416:
534:
In 978, Bardas was recalled by Basil II to lead the imperial forces against the rebellion of Bardas
Skleros. Named
4331:
4153:
2685:
2453:
1425:
1311:
557:
286:, already active as a general, fell in disgrace for a time, but by the time of Lekapenos's fall in 944, he was a
4301:
4291:
4163:
4084:
3902:
3770:
3342:
3286:
3207:
3074:
2237:
523:
4158:
4148:
4063:
3818:
3603:
3038:
4232:
4200:
4104:
3813:
3785:
3593:
3132:
3956:
3598:
3445:
3202:
2953:
2064:
1335:
752:
510:
244:
4276:
4222:
3961:
3833:
3823:
3523:
3403:
3281:
3212:
3100:
3069:
2912:
2852:
2294:
323:
162:
4136:
3660:
3516:
3301:
3192:
3079:
2367:
1195:
1008:
463:
459:
3435:
3187:
2674:
2553:
1078:
359:
4341:
3765:
3491:
3311:
3197:
2210:
849:
283:
252:
186:
189:, who was neither a Muslim nor from Tarsos. The historian Jean-Claude Cheynet has speculated an
4365:
4266:
3856:
3698:
3142:
2948:
2922:
2917:
2690:
2666:
2662:
2629:
1035:
395:
307:
260:
3984:
3838:
3028:
2938:
2902:
2787:
2517:
2512:
441:
247:, became a distinguished general, scoring several victories against the Arabs, especially in
139:
51:
34:
4227:
4210:
4031:
3790:
3755:
3638:
3575:
3570:
3105:
3048:
1018:
835:
828:
264:
256:
174:
87:
2206:
John Zonaras' Epitome of Histories: A Compendium of Jewish-Roman History and Its Reception
446:(postal minister). As emperor, Nikephoros continued his campaigns in the East, conquering
8:
3137:
3053:
3043:
2907:
2670:
2658:
2545:
644:
617:
602:
224:
The personal name Phokas appears as early as the 5th–6th centuries CE; and there is also
135:
462:. The Phokades were dismissed from their posts and titles and exiled by the new regime.
82:, which in the 9th and 10th centuries provided a series of high-ranking generals and an
4215:
4205:
4079:
3750:
3633:
3550:
3413:
2765:
2745:
2725:
2715:
2481:
2314:
2171:
1340:
1050:
571:
507:
331:
311:
97:
963–969). Its members and their clients monopolized the high-command positions of the
4337:
4271:
4176:
4109:
4089:
4057:
3989:
3976:
3897:
3892:
3643:
3408:
3258:
2777:
2730:
2720:
2710:
2395:
2371:
2343:
2318:
2306:
2242:
2232:
2228:
2214:
2191:
2153:
2132:
2111:
2094:
2068:
335:
275:
151:
83:
101:
for much of the 10th century and led the successful Byzantine offensive against the
4141:
3934:
3882:
3828:
3795:
3745:
3538:
3528:
3306:
2994:
2886:
2809:
2792:
2770:
2755:
2740:
2654:
2439:
2357:
2339:
2298:
1219:
613:
587:
419:
379:
4286:
4119:
4099:
4094:
4049:
4039:
3999:
3994:
3944:
3939:
3720:
3326:
3243:
3238:
2978:
2968:
2804:
2798:
2782:
2760:
2750:
2735:
2389:
2361:
2204:
2167:
2149:
The Empress Theophano: Byzantium and the West at the Turn of the First Millennium
2147:
2126:
2105:
2058:
638:
377:
Entry of Nikephoros Phokas (r. 963–969) into Constantinople as emperor, from the
303:
154:
2175:
4124:
4004:
3737:
3496:
3390:
3376:
3175:
2879:
2634:
2331:
2082:
499:
425:
399:
248:
206:
110:
98:
23:
4359:
4044:
3921:
3887:
3625:
3560:
3533:
3418:
3033:
2973:
2310:
2195:
2098:
391:
117:(r. 976–1025), and the family declined in importance after the 11th century.
3805:
3780:
3760:
3565:
3543:
3398:
2646:
2641:
2475:
2385:
1440:
862:
433:
170:
2408:
410:
and repeatedly defeating Sayf al-Dawla's forces. With the sudden death of
4306:
4281:
3775:
3585:
3352:
2958:
2943:
2060:
The Days of the Warlords: A History of the Byzantine Empire, A.D. 969-991
1435:
367:
238:
216:
2394:. Berkeley and Los Angeles, California: University of California Press.
648:
527:
Battle between the armies of Bardas Skleros and Bardas Phokas, from the
306:
appointed Bardas as Domestic of the Schools, while his sons Nikephoros,
3580:
3440:
3430:
3263:
3253:
2963:
2302:
1445:
630:
411:
343:
327:
210:
202:
143:
79:
4129:
4009:
3501:
3369:
3316:
3248:
1328:
636:
628:
581:
575:
537:
535:
503:
493:
473:
467:
439:
431:
355:
317:
315:
289:
287:
236:
194:
190:
131:
75:
69:
39:
2327:
2241:. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 1665–1666.
2107:
Studies on the Demography of the Byzantine Empire: Collected Studies
3655:
3555:
3506:
3364:
3296:
3084:
2257:
1816:
1792:
415:
387:
339:
114:
106:
4021:
3907:
3848:
3347:
3321:
2999:
1780:
544:
485:
481:
447:
351:
1477:
1475:
3650:
3425:
3291:
635:(commander-in-chief of the navy), a certain Michael Phokas was
407:
225:
198:
182:
178:
2328:"Byzantine History Writing at the End of the First Millennium"
547:
but was surrendered to the emperor by the city's inhabitants.
1661:
1472:
489:
451:
403:
102:
63:
27:
1908:
1856:
1804:
1689:
655:
found in Crete, the Ionian Islands, and the Mani Peninsula.
643:(military commander) in 1234, and another family member was
259:, was also Domestic of the Schools, but was defeated by the
3929:
173:, writing in the first half of the 13th century, presented
166:
142:, and even further back from the ancient Roman families of
2001:
1965:
1920:
1868:
1844:
1606:
1553:
1516:
1514:
1462:
1460:
484:, escaped and rose up in revolt in 970, but was defeated,
1639:
1637:
475:
1977:
1953:
402:, Nikephoros achieved a series of successes, recovering
1896:
1649:
1511:
1487:
1457:
1989:
1748:
1717:
1634:
1499:
430:, and his brother Leo received the high court rank of
1541:
2266:(in Greek). Athens: Foundation of the Hellenic World
1531:
1529:
105:in the East. As one of the leading families of the
658:
2131:(in French). Paris: Publications de la Sorbonne.
2085:(1961). "The Armenians in the Byzantine Empire".
1526:
4357:
586:Bardas, was accused of plotting against Emperor
274:), and later unsuccessfully opposed the rise of
2264:Encyclopaedia of the Hellenic World, Asia Minor
2799:Spain (Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands)
550:
2424:
2128:Pouvoir et Contestations à Byzance (963–1210)
1431:Byzantine Empire under the Macedonian dynasty
165:, who claimed descent from the Phokades. The
2363:A History of the Byzantine State and Society
2043:. Rethymno: self-publishing. pp. 24–28.
2041:Introduction to the History of the Kallergis
1734:
1732:
2438:
2325:
1481:
565:
423:
125:
2431:
2417:
2255:
2202:
2039:Kallergis, Emmanuele S. Kallergis (2007).
2022:
1943:
1886:
1834:
1766:
1738:
1707:
1679:
1624:
1596:
1493:
492:, while in 971 Leo and his eldest son the
2356:
2152:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
2038:
1983:
1959:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1914:
1862:
1810:
1786:
1729:
1695:
1667:
322:(generals and military governors) of the
297:
278:to the throne in 919, being captured and
2278:
2081:
1655:
1559:
1505:
522:
372:
243:(divisional commander) in 872. His son,
215:
3687:
2384:
2256:Krsmanović, Bojana (28 November 2003).
2227:
2124:
2018:
2016:
2007:
1995:
1971:
1926:
1874:
1850:
1822:
1798:
1754:
1723:
1643:
1612:
1584:
1547:
113:. Their power was eventually broken by
4358:
2180:Zbornik radova Vizantološkog instituta
2145:
1932:
1902:
302:After the fall of the Lekapenoi clan,
4255:
3686:
3471:
3163:
2830:
2451:
2412:
2166:
2056:
1580:
1578:
1576:
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1568:
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1520:
1466:
1395:
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1385:
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1381:
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1367:
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1361:
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1325:
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1134:
1132:
1130:
1128:
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1098:
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1077:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1062:
1060:
1049:
1047:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1017:
1007:
943:
885:
883:
881:
879:
877:
861:
848:
846:
844:
842:
834:
825:
823:
821:
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749:
747:
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743:
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733:
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721:
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709:
707:
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703:
692:
690:
688:
686:
684:
682:
680:
678:
676:
674:
3472:
2013:
605:praised Nikephoros III Botaneiates (
3174:
13:
2286:Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies
2238:The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium
1565:
342:, a rich and powerful family from
14:
4377:
4297:Greek scholars in the Renaissance
2391:The Making of Byzantium, 600–1025
616:: Theodotos Phokas, the uncle of
4336:
2326:Markopoulos, Athanasios (2003).
666:Family tree, 9th–11th centuries
570:, "wry-neck"), in alliance with
2686:Decline of the Byzantine Empire
2508:Constantinian–Valentinianic era
2032:
1426:History of the Byzantine Empire
1312:Nikephoros Phokas Barytrachelos
659:Family tree, 9th–11th centuries
622:
607:
592:
515:
269:
251:, and reaching the position of
230:
92:
3771:Great Palace of Constantinople
3512:Patriarchate of Constantinople
2831:
1200:Domestic of the Schools, rebel
840:Domestic of the Schools, rebel
422:. His father Bardas was named
1:
2203:Kampianaki, Theofili (2022).
2178:[The Phokas family].
2125:Cheynet, Jean-Claude (1990).
2050:
4233:University of Constantinople
3814:Arch of Galerius and Rotunda
3164:
2964:Chartoularios tou vestiariou
2653:Byzantine successor states (
1825:, pp. 326–327, 348–349.
1801:, pp. 322–323, 325–326.
1451:
637:
629:
582:
580:Bardas, the grandson of the
576:
536:
506:, was married in 972 to the
494:
474:
468:
440:
432:
316:
294:and a high-ranking general.
288:
237:
70:
40:
7:
3903:Saint Catherine's Monastery
2959:Chartoularios tou sakelliou
2954:Logothetes tou stratiotikou
2452:
2336:Byzantinum in the Year 1000
2110:. Variorum Reprints. 1972.
2065:University Press of America
1419:
753:Nikephoros Phokas the Elder
551:Later members of the family
245:Nikephoros Phokas the Elder
10:
4382:
4292:Neo-Byzantine architecture
4256:
2913:Comes sacrarum largitionum
2295:Cambridge University Press
2188:Vizantološki institut SANU
2146:Davids, Adelbert (2002) .
1013:Empress-consort in 959–969
220:The blinding of Leo Phokas
163:Nikephoros III Botaneiates
120:
64:
28:
4319:
4262:
4251:
4172:
4072:
4030:
3975:
3920:
3875:
3862:Sant'Apollinare in Classe
3847:
3804:
3736:
3706:
3697:
3693:
3682:
3624:
3482:
3478:
3467:
3389:
3335:
3274:
3231:
3183:
3170:
3159:
3118:
3093:
3062:
3021:
3012:
2987:
2931:
2895:
2848:
2841:
2837:
2826:
2699:
2615:
2562:
2493:
2464:
2460:
2447:
2368:Stanford University Press
2279:Leidholm, Nathan (2018).
2182:(in Serbian and French).
1371:
1369:
1347:
1332:
1286:
1284:
1282:
1272:
1270:
1258:
1254:
1252:
1250:
1207:
1196:Bardas Phokas the Younger
1172:
1170:
1168:
1162:
1160:
1158:
1148:
1146:
1126:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1116:
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915:
913:
907:
905:
903:
901:
899:
897:
895:
893:
891:
869:
859:
854:Domestic of the Schools,
832:
815:
813:
811:
809:
807:
795:
791:
789:
783:
781:
725:
723:
566:
466:, the younger son of the
464:Bardas Phokas the Younger
3436:Droungarios of the Fleet
2366:. Stanford, California:
2258:
1789:, pp. 486, 489–497.
1224:Domestic of the Schools,
1079:Theodoulos Parsakoutenos
1040:Domestic of the Schools,
1023:Domestic of the Schools,
480:(military commander) of
126:Origin and early members
3950:Early Byzantine mosaics
3312:Domestic of the Schools
2211:Oxford University Press
2057:Blaum, Paul A. (1994).
850:Bardas Phokas the Elder
757:Domestic of the Schools
693:Phokas (fl. 860s–870s),
284:Bardas Phokas the Elder
253:Domestic of the Schools
187:Bardas Phokas the Elder
134:official and historian
78:aristocratic clan from
4267:Byzantine commonwealth
3029:Praetorian prefectures
2949:Logothetes tou genikou
2923:Quaestor sacri palatii
2918:Comes rerum privatarum
2691:Fall of Constantinople
2630:Sack of Constantinople
1036:Leo Phokas the Younger
531:
458:connivance of Empress
424:
383:
298:Apex of power and fall
221:
16:Byzantine noble family
3967:Komnenian renaissance
3962:Macedonian period art
3867:Sant'Apollinare Nuovo
3839:Walls of Thessaloniki
2939:Logothetes tou dromou
2554:Twenty Years' Anarchy
2518:Valentinianic dynasty
2513:Constantinian dynasty
2231:(1991). "Phokas". In
1680:& Krsmanović 2003
1587:, pp. 1665–1666.
526:
442:logothetes tou dromou
376:
219:
201:—or at least "deeply
140:Constantine the Great
74:), was the name of a
4164:Units of measurement
3898:Panagia Gorgoepikoos
3791:Pammakaristos Church
3639:Corpus Juris Civilis
3590:Missionary activity
3049:Exarchate of Ravenna
2875:Imperial bureaucracy
2342:. pp. 183–197.
1670:, pp. 460, 462.
1668:& Treadgold 1997
1045:and Postal Logothete
1019:Nikephoros II Phokas
836:Leo Phokas the Elder
829:Constantine Barbaros
257:Leo Phokas the Elder
175:Nikephoros II Phokas
88:Nikephoros II Phokas
3688:Culture and society
3551:Ecumenical councils
3054:Exarchate of Africa
3044:Quaestura exercitus
2908:Magister officiorum
2903:Praetorian prefects
2546:Byzantine Dark Ages
2172:Ostrogorsky, George
2093:. Prague: 196–240.
2010:, pp. 39, 333.
1974:, pp. 375–379.
1929:, pp. 363–373.
1917:, pp. 514–519.
1877:, pp. 354–355.
1865:, pp. 507–508.
1853:, pp. 349–354.
1813:, pp. 498–505.
1698:, pp. 474–476.
1615:, pp. 213–214.
1562:, pp. 221–222.
1523:, pp. 219–220.
1484:, pp. 187–188.
1469:, pp. 218–219.
1210:Constantine Skleros
1187:Nikephoros Phokas,
645:metropolitan bishop
618:Theodore I Laskaris
603:Michael Attaleiates
136:Michael Attaleiates
4105:Flags and insignia
3751:Baths of Zeuxippus
3634:Codex Theodosianus
3524:Oriental Orthodoxy
2482:Later Roman Empire
2303:10.1017/byz.2018.4
2233:Kazhdan, Alexander
2229:Kazhdan, Alexander
1341:Holy Roman Emperor
1226:emperor in 969–976
1051:Constantine Phokas
1025:emperor in 963–969
572:Nikephoros Xiphias
532:
508:Holy Roman Emperor
438:and the office of
384:
222:
4353:
4352:
4315:
4314:
4272:Byzantine studies
4247:
4246:
4243:
4242:
4058:Alexander Romance
3916:
3915:
3893:Nea Moni of Chios
3756:Blachernae Palace
3678:
3677:
3674:
3673:
3644:Code of Justinian
3492:Eastern Orthodoxy
3463:
3462:
3459:
3458:
3385:
3384:
3259:Scholae Palatinae
3155:
3154:
3151:
3150:
3120:Foreign relations
3114:
3113:
3008:
3007:
2822:
2821:
2818:
2817:
2621:(1204–1453)
2401:978-0-520-20496-6
2358:Treadgold, Warren
2220:978-0-19-286510-6
2159:978-0-521-52467-4
2138:978-2-85944-168-5
2074:978-0-8191-9657-6
1905:, pp. 79–81.
1417:
1416:
1406:
1405:
450:and northwestern
276:Romanos Lekapenos
54:), feminine form
37:
4373:
4340:
4253:
4252:
4196:Imperial Library
4142:Byzantine Greeks
3883:Daphni Monastery
3834:Panagia Chalkeon
3829:Hagios Demetrios
3796:Prison of Anemas
3746:Basilica Cistern
3704:
3703:
3695:
3694:
3684:
3683:
3539:West Syriac Rite
3529:Alexandrian Rite
3480:
3479:
3473:Religion and law
3469:
3468:
3404:Maritime themata
3360:Palaiologan army
3213:Military manuals
3181:
3180:
3172:
3171:
3161:
3160:
3019:
3018:
2995:Megas logothetes
2846:
2845:
2839:
2838:
2828:
2827:
2701:By modern region
2622:
2569:
2568:(717–1204)
2500:
2462:
2461:
2449:
2448:
2440:Byzantine Empire
2433:
2426:
2419:
2410:
2409:
2405:
2381:
2353:
2322:
2275:
2273:
2271:
2252:
2224:
2199:
2163:
2142:
2121:
2102:
2087:Byzantinoslavica
2078:
2045:
2044:
2036:
2030:
2020:
2011:
2005:
1999:
1993:
1987:
1981:
1975:
1969:
1963:
1957:
1951:
1941:
1930:
1924:
1918:
1912:
1906:
1900:
1894:
1884:
1878:
1872:
1866:
1860:
1854:
1848:
1842:
1832:
1826:
1820:
1814:
1808:
1802:
1796:
1790:
1784:
1778:
1764:
1758:
1752:
1746:
1736:
1727:
1721:
1715:
1705:
1699:
1693:
1687:
1677:
1671:
1665:
1659:
1653:
1647:
1641:
1632:
1622:
1616:
1610:
1604:
1594:
1588:
1582:
1563:
1557:
1551:
1545:
1539:
1533:
1524:
1518:
1509:
1503:
1497:
1491:
1485:
1482:Markopoulos 2003
1479:
1470:
1464:
1220:John I Tzimiskes
672:
671:
663:
662:
642:
634:
626:
625: 1205–1222
624:
614:Empire of Nicaea
611:
610: 1078–1081
609:
596:
595: 1025–1028
594:
588:Constantine VIII
585:
579:
569:
568:
541:
529:Madrid Skylitzes
519:
517:
497:
479:
471:
445:
437:
429:
420:Constantine VIII
380:Madrid Skylitzes
321:
293:
273:
271:
242:
234:
232:
205:," according to
177:as the son of a
96:
94:
73:
67:
66:
45:
33:
31:
30:
4381:
4380:
4376:
4375:
4374:
4372:
4371:
4370:
4356:
4355:
4354:
4349:
4346:
4311:
4287:Cyrillic script
4258:
4239:
4184:
4168:
4068:
4050:Digenes Akritas
4026:
3971:
3912:
3876:Other locations
3871:
3843:
3800:
3732:
3721:Cross-in-square
3689:
3670:
3620:
3474:
3455:
3381:
3331:
3327:Varangian Guard
3270:
3244:East Roman army
3239:Late Roman army
3227:
3166:
3147:
3110:
3089:
3058:
3004:
2983:
2979:Epi ton deeseon
2969:Epi tou eidikou
2927:
2891:
2833:
2814:
2801:
2704:
2702:
2695:
2681:Palaiologan era
2623:
2620:
2611:
2582:Nikephorian era
2570:
2567:
2558:
2501:
2499:(330–717)
2498:
2489:
2469:
2456:
2443:
2437:
2402:
2378:
2350:
2332:Magdalino, Paul
2269:
2267:
2260:
2249:
2221:
2176:"Породица Фока"
2160:
2139:
2118:
2104:
2083:Charanis, Peter
2075:
2053:
2048:
2037:
2033:
2023:Krsmanović 2003
2021:
2014:
2006:
2002:
1994:
1990:
1982:
1978:
1970:
1966:
1958:
1954:
1944:Krsmanović 2003
1942:
1933:
1925:
1921:
1913:
1909:
1901:
1897:
1887:Krsmanović 2003
1885:
1881:
1873:
1869:
1861:
1857:
1849:
1845:
1835:Krsmanović 2003
1833:
1829:
1821:
1817:
1809:
1805:
1797:
1793:
1785:
1781:
1767:Krsmanović 2003
1765:
1761:
1753:
1749:
1739:Krsmanović 2003
1737:
1730:
1722:
1718:
1708:Krsmanović 2003
1706:
1702:
1694:
1690:
1678:
1674:
1666:
1662:
1654:
1650:
1642:
1635:
1625:Krsmanović 2003
1623:
1619:
1611:
1607:
1597:Krsmanović 2003
1595:
1591:
1583:
1566:
1558:
1554:
1546:
1542:
1534:
1527:
1519:
1512:
1504:
1500:
1494:Kampianaki 2022
1492:
1488:
1480:
1473:
1465:
1458:
1454:
1422:
1397:
1339:
1315:
1302:
1225:
1223:
1205:Sophia Phokaina
1199:
1054:
1041:
1039:
1024:
1022:
1012:
853:
839:
827:
756:
694:
661:
639:stratopedarches
621:
606:
597:) and blinded.
591:
553:
514:
472:Leo and former
314:were placed as
304:Constantine VII
300:
282:. His brother,
268:
229:
150:; according to
128:
123:
91:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4379:
4369:
4368:
4351:
4350:
4348:
4347:
4345:
4344:
4334:
4329:
4323:
4320:
4317:
4316:
4313:
4312:
4310:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4263:
4260:
4259:
4249:
4248:
4245:
4244:
4241:
4240:
4238:
4237:
4236:
4235:
4225:
4220:
4219:
4218:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4187:
4185:
4183:
4182:
4179:
4173:
4170:
4169:
4167:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4145:
4144:
4134:
4133:
4132:
4127:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4076:
4074:
4070:
4069:
4067:
4066:
4061:
4054:
4053:
4052:
4042:
4036:
4034:
4028:
4027:
4025:
4024:
4019:
4018:
4017:
4012:
4007:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3981:
3979:
3973:
3972:
3970:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3953:
3952:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3926:
3924:
3918:
3917:
3914:
3913:
3911:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3879:
3877:
3873:
3872:
3870:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3853:
3851:
3845:
3844:
3842:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3819:Byzantine Bath
3816:
3810:
3808:
3802:
3801:
3799:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3742:
3740:
3738:Constantinople
3734:
3733:
3731:
3730:
3729:
3728:
3723:
3713:
3707:
3701:
3691:
3690:
3680:
3679:
3676:
3675:
3672:
3671:
3669:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3647:
3646:
3636:
3630:
3628:
3622:
3621:
3619:
3618:
3613:
3612:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3547:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3521:
3520:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3497:Byzantine Rite
3488:
3486:
3476:
3475:
3465:
3464:
3461:
3460:
3457:
3456:
3454:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3422:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3401:
3395:
3393:
3387:
3386:
3383:
3382:
3380:
3379:
3377:Grand domestic
3374:
3373:
3372:
3367:
3357:
3356:
3355:
3350:
3343:Komnenian army
3339:
3337:
3333:
3332:
3330:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3278:
3276:
3272:
3271:
3269:
3268:
3267:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3241:
3235:
3233:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3225:
3220:
3218:Military units
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3188:Battle tactics
3184:
3178:
3168:
3167:
3157:
3156:
3153:
3152:
3149:
3148:
3146:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3124:
3122:
3116:
3115:
3112:
3111:
3109:
3108:
3103:
3097:
3095:
3091:
3090:
3088:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3066:
3064:
3060:
3059:
3057:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3025:
3023:
3016:
3010:
3009:
3006:
3005:
3003:
3002:
2997:
2991:
2989:
2985:
2984:
2982:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2935:
2933:
2929:
2928:
2926:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2899:
2897:
2893:
2892:
2890:
2889:
2884:
2883:
2882:
2880:Medieval Greek
2872:
2871:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2849:
2843:
2835:
2834:
2824:
2823:
2820:
2819:
2816:
2815:
2813:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2774:
2773:
2768:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2707:
2705:
2700:
2697:
2696:
2694:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2651:
2650:
2649:
2639:
2638:
2637:
2635:Fourth Crusade
2626:
2624:
2616:
2613:
2612:
2610:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2592:Macedonian era
2589:
2584:
2579:
2573:
2571:
2563:
2560:
2559:
2557:
2556:
2551:
2550:
2549:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2525:Theodosian era
2522:
2521:
2520:
2515:
2504:
2502:
2494:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2487:
2486:
2485:
2472:
2470:
2465:
2458:
2457:
2445:
2444:
2436:
2435:
2428:
2421:
2413:
2407:
2406:
2400:
2382:
2376:
2354:
2349:978-9004120976
2348:
2323:
2276:
2253:
2247:
2225:
2219:
2200:
2164:
2158:
2143:
2137:
2122:
2116:
2079:
2073:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2046:
2031:
2012:
2000:
1998:, p. 379.
1988:
1986:, p. 530.
1984:Treadgold 1997
1976:
1964:
1962:, p. 545.
1960:Treadgold 1997
1952:
1931:
1919:
1915:Treadgold 1997
1907:
1895:
1879:
1867:
1863:Treadgold 1997
1855:
1843:
1827:
1815:
1811:Treadgold 1997
1803:
1791:
1787:Treadgold 1997
1779:
1759:
1757:, p. 268.
1747:
1728:
1726:, p. 347.
1716:
1700:
1696:Treadgold 1997
1688:
1672:
1660:
1658:, p. 221.
1648:
1646:, p. 339.
1633:
1617:
1605:
1589:
1564:
1552:
1550:, p. 324.
1540:
1525:
1510:
1508:, p. 187.
1498:
1486:
1471:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1449:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1414:
1408:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1401:
1396:Bardas Phokas,
1394:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1374:
1372:
1370:
1368:
1366:
1364:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1356:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1345:
1344:
1333:
1331:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1320:
1309:
1307:
1299:
1297:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1285:
1283:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1273:
1271:
1269:
1267:
1265:
1263:
1261:
1259:
1257:
1255:
1253:
1251:
1249:
1247:
1245:
1243:
1241:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1227:
1222:(ca. 925–976),
1217:
1215:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1193:
1191:
1185:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1175:
1173:
1171:
1169:
1167:
1165:
1163:
1161:
1159:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1151:
1149:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1135:
1133:
1131:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1081:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1048:
1046:
1033:
1031:
1030:NN. Pleustaina
1028:
1026:
1016:
1014:
1005:
1004:
1002:
1000:
998:
996:
994:
992:
990:
988:
986:
984:
982:
980:
978:
976:
974:
972:
970:
968:
966:
964:
962:
960:
958:
956:
954:
952:
950:
948:
945:
944:
942:
940:
938:
936:
934:
932:
930:
928:
926:
924:
922:
920:
918:
916:
914:
912:
910:
908:
906:
904:
902:
900:
898:
896:
894:
892:
890:
888:
886:
884:
882:
880:
878:
875:
874:
872:
870:
867:
866:
860:
858:
847:
845:
843:
841:
833:
831:
824:
822:
819:
818:
816:
814:
812:
810:
808:
806:
804:
801:
800:
798:
796:
794:
792:
790:
788:
786:
784:
782:
780:
778:
776:
774:
772:
770:
768:
766:
764:
761:
759:
758:
750:
748:
746:
744:
742:
740:
738:
736:
734:
731:
729:
728:
726:
724:
722:
720:
718:
716:
714:
712:
710:
708:
706:
704:
701:
699:
698:
691:
689:
687:
685:
683:
681:
679:
677:
675:
668:
667:
660:
657:
552:
549:
518: 973–983
500:Bardas Skleros
488:and exiled to
400:John Tzimiskes
299:
296:
272: 893–927
249:southern Italy
233: 602–610
226:Emperor Phokas
207:Peter Charanis
127:
124:
122:
119:
111:Constantinople
99:Byzantine army
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4378:
4367:
4366:Phokas family
4364:
4363:
4361:
4343:
4339:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4324:
4322:
4321:
4318:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4264:
4261:
4254:
4250:
4234:
4231:
4230:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4217:
4214:
4213:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4191:Encyclopedias
4189:
4188:
4186:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4174:
4171:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4143:
4140:
4139:
4138:
4135:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4122:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4115:Hellenization
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4077:
4075:
4073:Everyday life
4071:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4059:
4055:
4051:
4048:
4047:
4046:
4045:Acritic songs
4043:
4041:
4038:
4037:
4035:
4033:
4029:
4023:
4020:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4002:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3982:
3980:
3978:
3974:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3951:
3948:
3947:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3927:
3925:
3923:
3919:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3888:Hosios Loukas
3886:
3884:
3881:
3880:
3878:
3874:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3854:
3852:
3850:
3846:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3811:
3809:
3807:
3803:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3743:
3741:
3739:
3735:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3718:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3708:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3696:
3692:
3685:
3681:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3645:
3642:
3641:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3631:
3629:
3627:
3623:
3617:
3614:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3591:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3561:Monophysitism
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3534:Armenian Rite
3532:
3530:
3527:
3526:
3525:
3522:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3494:
3493:
3490:
3489:
3487:
3485:
3481:
3477:
3470:
3466:
3452:
3451:Naval battles
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3406:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3396:
3394:
3392:
3388:
3378:
3375:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3362:
3361:
3358:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3345:
3344:
3341:
3340:
3338:
3334:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3279:
3277:
3273:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3246:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3236:
3234:
3230:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3185:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3173:
3169:
3162:
3158:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3125:
3123:
3121:
3117:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3098:
3096:
3092:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3067:
3065:
3061:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3026:
3024:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3011:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2992:
2990:
2986:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2974:Protasekretis
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2936:
2934:
2930:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2900:
2898:
2894:
2888:
2885:
2881:
2878:
2877:
2876:
2873:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2855:
2854:
2851:
2850:
2847:
2844:
2840:
2836:
2829:
2825:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2800:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2763:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2698:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2676:
2672:
2668:
2664:
2660:
2656:
2652:
2648:
2645:
2644:
2643:
2640:
2636:
2633:
2632:
2631:
2628:
2627:
2625:
2619:
2614:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2602:Komnenian era
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2566:
2561:
2555:
2552:
2547:
2543:
2542:
2541:
2540:Heraclian era
2538:
2536:
2535:Justinian era
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2510:
2509:
2506:
2505:
2503:
2497:
2492:
2484:
2483:
2479:
2478:
2477:
2474:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2450:
2446:
2441:
2434:
2429:
2427:
2422:
2420:
2415:
2414:
2411:
2403:
2397:
2393:
2392:
2387:
2386:Whittow, Mark
2383:
2379:
2377:0-8047-2630-2
2373:
2369:
2365:
2364:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2345:
2341:
2337:
2333:
2329:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2265:
2261:
2254:
2250:
2248:0-19-504652-8
2244:
2240:
2239:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2207:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2155:
2151:
2150:
2144:
2140:
2134:
2130:
2129:
2123:
2119:
2117:9780902089259
2113:
2109:
2108:
2103:Reprinted in
2100:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2061:
2055:
2054:
2042:
2035:
2028:
2024:
2019:
2017:
2009:
2004:
1997:
1992:
1985:
1980:
1973:
1968:
1961:
1956:
1949:
1945:
1940:
1938:
1936:
1928:
1923:
1916:
1911:
1904:
1899:
1892:
1888:
1883:
1876:
1871:
1864:
1859:
1852:
1847:
1840:
1836:
1831:
1824:
1819:
1812:
1807:
1800:
1795:
1788:
1783:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1763:
1756:
1751:
1744:
1740:
1735:
1733:
1725:
1720:
1713:
1709:
1704:
1697:
1692:
1685:
1681:
1676:
1669:
1664:
1657:
1656:Charanis 1961
1652:
1645:
1640:
1638:
1630:
1626:
1621:
1614:
1609:
1602:
1598:
1593:
1586:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1571:
1569:
1561:
1560:Charanis 1961
1556:
1549:
1544:
1537:
1532:
1530:
1522:
1517:
1515:
1507:
1506:Leidholm 2018
1502:
1496:, p. 91.
1495:
1490:
1483:
1478:
1476:
1468:
1463:
1461:
1456:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1413:
1410:
1409:
1403:
1400:
1378:
1376:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1337:
1330:
1318:
1313:
1305:
1291:
1288:
1280:
1278:
1277:
1256:
1248:
1246:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1229:
1221:
1197:
1190:
1177:
1174:
1166:
1164:
1156:
1154:
1153:
1124:
1108:
1106:
1095:
1090:
1088:
1083:
1080:
1068:NN. Kourkouas
1057:
1052:
1044:
1037:
1020:
1010:
1006:
1003:
987:
985:
977:
975:
967:
965:
949:
947:
946:
939:
911:
909:
889:
887:
876:
873:
871:
868:
864:
857:
851:
837:
830:
820:
817:
805:
803:
802:
793:
787:
785:
779:
777:
762:
760:
754:
732:
730:
702:
700:
697:
673:
670:
669:
665:
664:
656:
652:
650:
646:
641:
640:
633:
632:
619:
615:
604:
598:
589:
584:
578:
573:
563:
562:Barytrachelos
559:
548:
546:
540:
539:
530:
525:
521:
512:
509:
505:
501:
496:
491:
487:
483:
478:
477:
470:
465:
461:
455:
453:
449:
444:
443:
436:
435:
428:
427:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
392:Sayf al-Dawla
389:
382:
381:
375:
371:
369:
365:
361:
360:Parsakoutenoi
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
320:
319:
313:
309:
305:
295:
292:
291:
285:
281:
277:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
241:
240:
227:
218:
214:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
118:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
89:
85:
81:
77:
72:
61:
57:
53:
49:
44:
43:
36:
25:
21:
4056:
3824:Hagia Sophia
3806:Thessalonica
3781:Hagia Sophia
3761:Chora Church
3699:Architecture
3576:Great Schism
3566:Paulicianism
3544:Miaphysitism
3399:Karabisianoi
2703:or territory
2663:Thessalonica
2647:Latin Empire
2642:Frankokratia
2617:
2577:Isaurian era
2564:
2495:
2480:
2476:Roman Empire
2466:
2390:
2362:
2335:
2290:
2284:
2268:. Retrieved
2263:
2236:
2205:
2183:
2179:
2148:
2127:
2106:
2090:
2086:
2059:
2040:
2034:
2008:Cheynet 1990
2003:
1996:Whittow 1996
1991:
1979:
1972:Whittow 1996
1967:
1955:
1927:Whittow 1996
1922:
1910:
1898:
1882:
1875:Whittow 1996
1870:
1858:
1851:Whittow 1996
1846:
1830:
1823:Whittow 1996
1818:
1806:
1799:Whittow 1996
1794:
1782:
1762:
1755:Cheynet 1990
1750:
1724:Whittow 1996
1719:
1703:
1691:
1675:
1663:
1651:
1644:Whittow 1996
1620:
1613:Cheynet 1990
1608:
1592:
1585:Kazhdan 1991
1555:
1548:Cheynet 1990
1543:
1538:, p. 6.
1501:
1489:
1441:Juan de Fuca
1411:
1398:
1316:
1303:
1188:
1073:NN. Phokaina
1063:NN. Phokaina
1058:of Seleukeia
1055:
1043:kouropalates
1042:
855:
695:
653:
649:Philadelphia
599:
567:Βαρυτράχηλος
561:
554:
533:
528:
469:kouropalates
456:
434:kouropalates
385:
378:
301:
223:
171:Ibn al-Athir
152:Byzantinists
129:
59:
55:
47:
41:
19:
18:
4307:Megali Idea
4282:Byzantinism
3985:Agriculture
3776:Hagia Irene
3609:Kievan Rus'
3586:Mount Athos
3409:Cibyrrhaeot
3353:Vestiaritai
3208:Mercenaries
3085:Catepanates
2944:Sakellarios
2863:Family tree
2788:Mesopotamia
2607:Angelid era
2587:Amorian era
2297:: 185–201.
2270:17 February
2190:: 189–296.
2168:Đurić, Ivan
1948:Chapter 7.2
1903:Davids 2002
1891:Chapter 7.1
1436:John Phocas
1301:Leo Phokas,
1198:(died 989),
1053:(died 959),
852:(died 969),
838:(fl. 910s),
755:(died 896),
696:tourmarches
560:, surnamed
396:One of them
368:Botaneiatai
312:Constantine
255:. His son,
239:tourmarches
4302:Third Rome
4228:University
4211:Philosophy
4201:Inventions
4064:Historians
4032:Literature
4015:Varangians
3857:San Vitale
3786:Hippodrome
3766:City Walls
3666:Mutilation
3661:Hexabiblos
3581:Bogomilism
3571:Iconoclasm
3441:Megas doux
3431:Greek fire
3414:Aegean Sea
3287:Kleisourai
3264:Excubitors
3254:Bucellarii
3106:Despotates
3075:Kleisourai
3014:Provincial
2858:Coronation
2832:Governance
2597:Doukid era
2530:Leonid era
2051:References
1771:Chapters 4
1536:Blaum 1994
1521:Đurić 1976
1467:Đurić 1976
1446:Jean Focas
1343:in 973–983
1338:(955–983),
1314:(d. 1022),
1306:of Antioch
1021:(912–969),
631:megas doux
627:), became
558:Nikephoros
412:Romanos II
348:Adralestoi
344:Charsianon
332:Cappadocia
328:Anatolikon
211:Cappadocia
203:hellenized
169:historian
155:Ivan Đurić
80:Cappadocia
4130:Octoechos
4010:Silk Road
3502:Hesychasm
3370:Paramonai
3317:Hetaireia
3249:Foederati
3138:Diplomacy
3133:Diplomats
3039:Provinces
2868:Empresses
2671:Trebizond
2467:Preceding
2319:165391827
2311:0307-0131
2196:0584-9888
2099:0007-7712
2027:Chapter 8
1839:Chapter 6
1743:Chapter 5
1712:Chapter 3
1684:Chapter 2
1629:Chapter 1
1452:Footnotes
1399:patrikios
1329:Theophanu
1319:and rebel
1317:patrikios
1189:patrikios
1056:strategos
1009:Theophano
826:Sister of
583:magistros
577:patrikios
538:magistros
504:Theophano
495:patrikios
460:Theophano
356:Kourkouai
336:Seleukeia
318:strategoi
290:patrikios
261:Bulgarian
148:Scipiones
132:Byzantine
107:Anatolian
76:Byzantine
52:Latinized
35:translit.
4360:Category
4223:Scholars
4216:Rhetoric
4206:Medicine
4181:Learning
4080:Calendar
3957:Painters
3656:Basilika
3594:Bulgaria
3556:Arianism
3507:Hayhurum
3484:Religion
3446:Admirals
3365:Allagion
3297:Droungos
3203:Generals
3165:Military
3128:Treaties
3034:Dioceses
2853:Emperors
2766:Sardinia
2746:Dalmatia
2726:Bulgaria
2716:Anatolia
2675:Theodoro
2669: /
2665: /
2657: /
2388:(1996).
2360:(1997).
2170:(1976).
1420:See also
486:tonsured
416:Basil II
388:Hamdanid
364:Balantai
340:Maleinoi
195:Georgian
191:Armenian
161:Emperor
115:Basil II
71:Phṓkaina
60:Phocaena
56:Phokaina
4332:Outline
4277:Museums
4177:Science
4154:Slavery
4110:Gardens
4090:Cuisine
4022:Dynatoi
3990:Coinage
3977:Economy
3945:Mosaics
3908:Mystras
3849:Ravenna
3711:Secular
3599:Moravia
3348:Pronoia
3322:Akritai
3307:Tagmata
3282:Themata
3223:Revolts
3193:Battles
3101:Kephale
3070:Themata
3000:Mesazon
2842:Central
2778:Maghreb
2731:Corsica
2721:Armenia
2711:Albania
2454:History
2334:(ed.).
2259:Φωκάδες
2235:(ed.).
2174:(ed.).
1336:Otto II
865:Maleine
545:Antioch
511:Otto II
482:Chaldia
448:Cilicia
352:Skleroi
280:blinded
159:crowned
121:History
95:
84:emperor
65:Φώκαινα
4342:Portal
4257:Impact
4137:People
4085:Cities
3935:Enamel
3716:Sacred
3651:Ecloga
3517:Saints
3426:Dromon
3302:Bandon
3292:Tourma
3275:Middle
3198:Beacon
3080:Bandon
3063:Middle
2932:Middle
2887:Senate
2810:Thrace
2793:Serbia
2771:Sicily
2756:Greece
2741:Cyprus
2659:Epirus
2655:Nicaea
2565:Middle
2442:topics
2398:
2374:
2346:
2317:
2309:
2245:
2217:
2194:
2156:
2135:
2114:
2097:
2071:
1601:Note 2
1412:Notes:
856:Caesar
426:Caesar
408:Cyprus
324:themes
265:Symeon
183:Tarsos
179:Muslim
48:Phocas
42:Phōkâs
38:
20:Phokas
4327:Index
4159:Death
4149:Women
4120:Music
4100:Dress
4095:Dance
4040:Novel
4000:Trade
3995:Mints
3940:Glass
3930:Icons
3726:Domes
3604:Serbs
3419:Samos
3232:Early
3022:Early
2896:Early
2805:Syria
2783:Malta
2761:Italy
2751:Egypt
2736:Crete
2667:Morea
2496:Early
2340:Brill
2330:. In
2315:S2CID
2293:(2).
490:Chios
452:Syria
404:Crete
390:emir
263:tsar
199:Greek
181:from
144:Fabia
103:Arabs
46:) or
29:Φωκᾶς
24:Greek
4125:Lyra
4005:silk
3616:Jews
3391:Navy
3336:Late
3176:Army
3143:Wars
3094:Late
2988:Late
2618:Late
2396:ISBN
2372:ISBN
2344:ISBN
2307:ISSN
2272:2012
2243:ISBN
2215:ISBN
2192:ISSN
2154:ISBN
2133:ISBN
2112:ISBN
2095:ISSN
2069:ISBN
1773:and
1304:doux
476:doux
418:and
406:and
366:and
334:and
310:and
167:Arab
146:and
130:The
3922:Art
3626:Law
2299:doi
863:NN.
647:of
520:).
326:of
308:Leo
193:or
58:or
4362::
2370:.
2338:.
2313:.
2305:.
2291:42
2289:.
2283:.
2262:.
2213:.
2209:.
2186:.
2184:17
2091:22
2089:.
2067:.
2063:.
2025:,
2015:^
1946:,
1934:^
1889:,
1837:,
1769:,
1741:,
1731:^
1710:,
1682:,
1636:^
1627:,
1599:,
1567:^
1528:^
1513:^
1474:^
1459:^
651:.
623:r.
608:r.
593:r.
516:r.
454:.
394:.
370:.
362:,
358:,
354:,
350:,
330:,
270:r.
231:r.
93:r.
86:,
68:,
32:,
26::
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2673:–
2661:–
2548:"
2544:"
2432:e
2425:t
2418:v
2404:.
2380:.
2352:.
2321:.
2301::
2274:.
2251:.
2223:.
2198:.
2162:.
2141:.
2120:.
2101:.
2077:.
2029:.
1950:.
1893:.
1841:.
1777:.
1775:5
1745:.
1714:.
1686:.
1631:.
1603:.
1038:,
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