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214:. In January 1946, the first group exhibit of Borduas and his students was held in New York City, followed in April by an exhibit in Montreal. This was the first exhibit by a group of abstract painters in Canada. A second Montreal exhibit followed in February–March 1947. A critic, responding to this exhibit, coined the name "Automatists" for the group, after Borduas' painting
196:, and in January 1938 he was elected vice-president of this group. In 1941, he resumed painting after several years of study and teaching, during which time he and a group of students met regularly to discuss recent trends in European art. His first abstract paintings date from this year, and in April 1942 he exhibited 45 gouaches inspired by the abstract surrealism of
173:, and Leduc agreed to take the young artist as an apprentice. Leduc provided Borduas with basic artistic training, teaching him how to restore and decorate churches. Leduc arranged for Borduas' instruction at the École Technique, in 1919, in Sherbrooke, Quebec. In 1923, assisted by a scholarship Leduc had secured for him, he enrolled in the
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surrender or rest, in community of feeling with those who thirst for better life, without fear of set-backs, in encouragement or persecution, we shall pursue in joy our overwhelming need for liberation.
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Four hundred copies of the manifesto went on sale August 9, 1948. Borduas was dismissed from l'École du Meuble on
September 2 as a direct result of his involvement in this social critique. Even those who had tired of the repressive Duplessis régime, and advocated great social changes in Quebec, were
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We foresee a future in which man is freed from useless chains, to realize a plenitude of individual gifts, in necessary unpredictability, spontaneity and resplendent anarchy. Until then, without
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in Paris, which he left to pursue church decoration work of
Rambucourt, in the Meuse Valley, with Pierre Dubois in April. He returned to Saint-Hilaire in June 1930 (his funds being depleted), began teaching part-time, and in 1933 returned to teaching high school. In 1937 Borduas began teaching at
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On 22 May 1981 Canada Post issued 'Paul-Émile
Borduas, Untitled No. 6' designed by Pierre Fontaine. The stamps were based on a painting "Sans titre no 6", circa 1957 by Paul-Émile Borduas, in the Musée d'art contemporain de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec. The 35¢ stamps are perforated 13.5 and were
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served as an important manifesto that advocated the separation of church and state in Quebec, especially for the arts. In it
Borduas "denounces the forces of oppression that had made of Quebec a suffocating environment, hostile to both individual and collective creativity".
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227:(or "Total Refusal", anglicized) in late 1947-early 1948. It was circulated in a folder that contained other Automatists' writings. This piece was originally intended to accompany an Automatist showing, but it was actually distributed alone.
169:- his first known artistic activity. He received five years of formal elementary school education, (which ended at the age of twelve) and some private lessons from a village resident. In his teens, Borduas met church painter and decorator
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In 1953 Borduas moved to New York, where he saw the works of
Jackson Pollock, Franz Kline and Mark Rothko and began to use the palette knife to apply his paint. In 1955 he moved back to Paris where he died of a heart attack in 1960.
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l'École du Meuble. This was an important time in
Borduas' life: “by meeting young men of his own generation with the same tastes and the same need for action, he finally discovered a stimulating intellectual and social environment.”
277:. In 1955 he represented Canada at the 3rd Bienal de São Paulo. In 1960 the Stedelijk Museum in Amsterdam gave him the posthumous exhibition, «Borduas 1905–1960» . In 1988 the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts gave him an enormous
177:, continuing to work for Leduc at the same time. He received prizes for his paintings at both of these institutions. Despite discord between Borduas and the school administration, he continued his studies at Leduc's urgings.
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Borduas was ostracized and found himself unable to find a job, which was especially difficult as he was by now a father. He decided to take matters into his own hands. Borduas produced another piece in his defence,
254:, was not enthusiastically received by the public or the presses. However, despite early denouncements, the manifesto marked the beginning of profound social change in Quebec and signalled the dawn of the
250:("Liberating Projections"), which he completed in February 1949. Unfortunately, this more moderate composition, which clearly communicated Borduas' intentions in releasing
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368:, François-Marc Gagnon, Ed., translated by François-Marc Gagnon and Dennis Young. The Press of the Nova Scotia College of Art and Design: Halifax, 1978.
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Upon graduation in 1927 Borduas was hired by the
Montreal Catholic School Board as a high school art teacher. In January 1929 he began studies at the
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reluctant to back
Borduas' thorough condemnation of the Catholic Church—such a central influence on the French Canadian populace.
165:(a small village 50 kilometres from Montréal). He was the fourth child of Magloire Borduas and Éva Perrault. As a child, he engaged in
192:, a Montreal painter and critic, at the first exhibition of one of Borduas' paintings. Lyman encouraged Borduas' involvement with the
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Reid, Dennis (1988). A Concise
History of Canadian Painting, Second Edition. Don Mills: Oxford University Press Canada p=228
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manifesto of 1948. Borduas had a profound impact on the development of the arts and of thought, both in the province of
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200:. He became increasingly involved with about a dozen of his students, and they became known collectively as the
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Gagnon and Dennis Young. The Press of the Nova Scotia
College of Art and Design: Halifax, 1978. p.80-115
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77:
193:
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Gagnon and Dennis Young. The Press of the Nova Scotia College of Art and Design: Halifax, 1978.p.54
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sold for $ 663,750 at auction, surpassing the artist's previous auction price record by $ 150,000.
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shattered the previous record for the artist's work at auction and sold for $ 3,601,250 at the
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137:(November 1, 1905 – February 22, 1960) was a Québecois artist known for his
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Composition 11, ca 1957. Exhibited Dec. 2011 at the Big Bang exhibition
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Place Paul-Émile Borduas seen from rue Saint-Denis, ending at the
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Paul-Émile Borduas, Biographie critique et analyse de l'oeuvre
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Paul-Émile Borduas, Biographie critique et analyse de l'oeuvre
664:"Borduas back in the spotlight with $ 3.6M sale of 1956 work"
692:. Data4.collectionscanada.gc.ca. 1981-05-22. Archived from
502:Éthier-Blais, Les Presses de l'Université de Montréal, 1979
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638:"Sotheby's Important Canadian Art: Toronto, 24 May 2012"
346:
A Concise History of Canadian Painting, Second Edition
514:
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582:National Gallery of Canada at the Venice Biennale
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161:Borduas was born on November the first, 1905, in
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141:paintings. He was the leader of the avant-garde
265:In 1954, works by Borduas, along with those of
366:Paul-Émile Borduas, Écrits/Writings, 1942-1958
320:printed by British American Bank Note Company.
291:In May 2018, Borduas' magnificent 1956 canvas
608:"Sotheby's Canadian art auction sets records"
375:The National Gallery of Canada: Ottawa, 1976.
350:. Don Mills: Oxford University Press Canada.
584:. National Gallery of Canada. Archived from
281:exhibition curated by François-Marc Gagnon.
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822:École des beaux-arts de Montréal alumni
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644:from the original on 24 September 2015
533:from the original on 23 November 2015
523:"Paul-Émile Borduas: Life & Work"
428:from the original on 24 November 2015
418:"Paul-Émile Borduas: Life & Work"
411:
409:
407:
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145:movement and the chief author of the
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118:Quèbec National Library and Archives
388:Paul-Émile Borduas: Life & Work
13:
827:20th-century Canadian male artists
640:. Sotheby's Canada. May 25, 2012.
553:"Dictionary of Canadian Biography"
415:
402:
14:
843:
711:
618:from the original on May 25, 2012
206:for their attempts to paint with
731:Extensive dossier on Borduas at
175:École des Beaux-Arts de Montréal
129:Musée des beaux-arts de Montréal
682:
656:
630:
600:
559:from the original on 2016-11-21
454:from the original on 2016-11-22
448:"Benezit Dictionary of Artists"
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817:Abstract expressionist artists
782:20th-century Canadian painters
752:Jeanne Borduas-Brisebois fonds
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746:National Film Board of Canada
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391:, Art Canada Institute, 2014.
373:Paul-Émile Borduas, 1905-1960
297:Heffel Fine Art Auction House
273:, represented Canada at the
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7:
578:"Past Canadian Exhibitions"
10:
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756:National Gallery of Canada
733:L'Encyclopédie de l'Agora
312:in visual arts is named:
284:In May 2012 his painting
194:Contemporary Arts Society
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84:
73:
53:
34:
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797:Canadian modern painters
727:, translated in English.
529:. Art Canada Institute.
475:, Fides: Montréal, 1978.
424:. Art Canada Institute.
382:, Fides: Montréal, 1978.
188:In 1938, he encountered
521:Gagnon, François-Marc.
471:Gagnon, François-Marc.
416:Gagnon, François-Marc.
385:Gagnon, François-Marc.
378:Gagnon, François-Marc.
371:Gagnon, François-Marc.
314:Prix Paul-Émile-Borduas
286:Froissement Multicolore
210:as per the writings of
208:pure psychic automatism
807:People from Montérégie
792:Canadian male painters
327:to All signatories of
303:Recognition and Honors
248:Projections Libérantes
239:
131:
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364:Borduas, Paul-Émile.
342:Reid, Dennis (1988).
299:spring live auction.
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163:Saint-Hilaire, Quebec
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115:
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48:Saint-Hilaire, Quebec
293:Figures schématiques
182:Ateliers d'Art Sacré
78:Ateliers d'Art Sacré
832:Canadian anarchists
802:Artists from Quebec
690:"Canada Post stamp"
741:Artist in Montreal
588:on 13 October 2013
527:Ideas and Teaching
271:Jean-Paul Riopelle
135:Paul-Émile Borduas
132:
121:
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108:Paul-Émile Borduas
20:Paul-Émile Borduas
787:Canadian atheists
758:, Ottawa, Ontario
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57:February 22, 1960
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308:Since 1977, the
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216:Automatisme 1.47
97:Les Automatistes
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38:November 1, 1905
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719:lead manifesto
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712:External links
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670:. June 2, 2018
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310:Prix du Québec
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85:Known for
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65:(aged 54)
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696:on 2013-01-01
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267:B. C. Binning
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68:Paris, France
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724:Refus Global
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698:. Retrieved
694:the original
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672:. Retrieved
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648:December 28,
646:. Retrieved
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586:the original
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336:Bibliography
329:Refus Global
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252:Refus Global
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224:Refus Global
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212:André Breton
207:
203:Automatistes
201:
187:
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147:Refus Global
134:
133:
777:1960 deaths
772:1905 births
748:documentary
736:(in French)
717:The famous
674:February 2,
537:18 November
432:18 November
171:Ozias Leduc
143:Automatiste
766:Categories
700:2014-06-23
592:12 October
563:2016-11-21
458:2016-11-21
396:References
190:John Lyman
61:1960-02-23
422:Biography
198:Joan Miró
167:bricolage
157:Biography
74:Education
642:Archived
616:Archived
612:CBC News
557:Archived
531:Archived
452:Archived
426:Archived
139:abstract
93:Movement
80:in Paris
754:at the
744:a 1954
721:of the
622:May 25,
88:Painter
59: (
42:1905-11
40: (
668:CBC.ca
354:
323:1998,
151:Quebec
676:2022
650:2012
624:2012
594:2013
539:2015
434:2015
352:ISBN
269:and
54:Died
35:Born
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