211:. The closed operations of the institution, authoritarian rule, daily routine and poor conditions, encouraged a climate of abuse and bullying. In securing their own safety, girls would form allegiances, and, as with the culture in prisons, developed a lover (or kinship) system through exchanged notes, hand-holding, kissing, scratching initials into their body and secret codes — ILWA (I love worship adore/always), or TID (till I die), or SML — used to express affection. With the arrival or discharge of girls, new allegiances were developed, often causing petty jealousies and disputes. A rebuffed girl would often resort to a form of retaliation called "dogging" or a "top off", meaning that she would report her rival to an officer for a breach of rules.
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176:(NSW) as "delinquent" — uncontrollable, absconding from proper custody, breached probation; "neglected" — exposed to moral danger, no fixed place of abode and destitute, improper guardianship, truant; or "offences juvenile offenders, Crimes Act" — stealing, assaults, robbery, murder, sex offences, malicious damage.
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Riots occurred frequently, with the first officially investigated one taking place in 1889. Other riots occurred during the 1940s, in 1958, and 1961, with most attributed to the treatment that the girls were receiving. Until 1961, girls who had committed a "secondary" (institutional) offence, called
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The mixing of these distinct types of individuals within the confines of one institution was problematic for authorities at the time. Authorities realised that innocent girls were being exposed to the corrupting behaviour of others. Attempts to ensure the safety of innocent girls led to the creation
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Numerous male staff, and occasionally other girls, were said to have physically and sexually abused the inmates. A public hearing heard evidence about 11 men, most of whom were superintendents or deputies at
Parramatta Girls. These men were entrusted with the girls' care but witnesses spoke of
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of two divisions within the institution. The first was the establishment of a "training home" in the former hospital building near the main site. The training home was in operation from 1912 until around 1926, at which time an alternative site was established at
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Parramatta Girls Home was officially closed in July 1974, but continued to operate as a welfare institution under a new name, "Kamballa" and "Taldree". In 1980, the
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Inquiry by the
Community Affairs References Committee included statements by twenty former residents of the Parramatta Girls Home about their experiences there.
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heard in 2014 from sixteen women who made statements that during their time at the
Parramatta Girls Home they were subjected to sexual and physical abuse.
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215:"conduct to the prejudice of good order and discipline", were sent to Long Bay Prison for three months. This arrangement changed in July 1961, when the
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Report of Case Study No. 7: Child sexual abuse at the
Parramatta Training School for Girls and the Institution for Girls in Hay
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took over the main buildings and was subsequently operated as the Norma Parker
Detention Centre for Women.
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While in the home, school-aged girls received minimal education, with most kept occupied in training as
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Most of the site was vacant in 2014, when it was reported that the site would be considered for the
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and was the third in a succession of child-welfare institutions for girls. Australia's first
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and training school, with girls committed to the institution on "complaints" under the
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Report on
Australians who experienced institutional or out-of-home care as children
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Senate
Community Affairs References Committee Secretariat (30 August 2004).
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465:"Parramatta Female Factory and Institutions Precinct (Place ID 106234)"
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was established as a maximum security annex of
Parramatta Girls Home.
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for girls was established in 1867 in the former military barracks at
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Parragirls: Reimagining
Parramatta Girls Home Through Art and Memory
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Parramatta Girls Home was established in the former premises of the
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Royal
Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse
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Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse
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The Parramatta Girls Home served the dual purpose of both a
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Inquiry into Children in Institutional Care (2003-2005)
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Cootamundra Domestic Training Home for Aboriginal Girls
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Newcastle Industrial School and Reformatory for Girls
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Parramatta Female Factory and Institutions Precinct
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Parramatta Female Factory and Institutions Precinct
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271:formal apology to the Stolen Generations
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196:girls, mostly those who belong to the
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560:"Case Study 7, February 2014, Sydney"
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349:St Heliers Correctional Centre
265:The Australian Prime Minister
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470:Australian Heritage Database
143:Roman Catholic Orphan School
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41:Industrial School for Girls
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114:institution located in
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174:Child Welfare Act 1939
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153:and was known as the
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22:Parramatta Girls Home
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180:Disciplinary issues
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47:Girls Training Home
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679:Industrial schools
534:"National Apology"
445:Unknown parameter
354:Stolen Generations
273:in February 2008.
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223:regular bashings,
198:Stolen Generations
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422:978-1-925118-54-4
385:, parragirls.org.
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202:state wards
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27:Established
638:Categories
365:References
314:Law portal
267:Kevin Rudd
194:Indigenous
187:La Perouse
116:Parramatta
60:Parramatta
449:ignored (
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151:Newcastle
80:July 1974
77:Dissolved
71:Australia
620:'s play
284:See also
106:, was a
55:Location
269:gave a
258:A 2004
231:Closure
137:History
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570:16 May
566:. 2014
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260:Senate
225:rapes
108:state
593:ISBN
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