1851:
5892:
4743:
3807:
2684:
92:. Today, the Pope still exercises authority to grant titles with territorial designations, although these are purely nominal and the privileges enjoyed by the holders pertain to styles of address and heraldry. Additionally, the Pope grants personal and familial titles that carry no territorial designation. Their titles being merely honorific, the modern papal nobility includes descendants of ancient Roman families as well as notable Catholics from many countries. All pontifical noble titles are within the personal gift of the pontiff, and are not recorded in the Official Acts of the Holy See.
1475:
1500:
1698:
1563:
1805:
1752:
2100:
1968:
1591:
1537:
1647:
1992:
2046:
1919:
38:
5904:
4755:
3819:
2696:
691:
198:
2191:
1043:, in which the Order played an important role. According to heraldic expert Lord Manuel de Mata, the Spanish Members of the Order are allowed to use both the full title of Count of the Sacred Palace of the Lateran as well as just the title of Count before their names. The rights were recorded in the
375:
cardinal, or even Pope, from which position they could dispense further titles and positions of authority to other family members. Bourgeois families found themselves, sometimes within only one or two generations, elevated to the Roman nobility when a relative was elected to the papal throne. Modern
427:
As modern statehood emerged and the boundaries between imperial and papal territory solidified, titles of nobility were proliferated as a means of establishing allies and friendly buffer states. The
Emperor elevated the Duchies of Milan, Florence, Mantua, and Modena, and the Pope likewise elevated
570:
of 1929, the
Italian government recognized the sovereignty of the Holy See and confirmed the pope's power to grant noble titles. It also recognized the titles granted by the Pope until that date and all future titles as equivalent to the noble titles of the Kingdom of Italy. This rule remained in
460:
put an end to the centuries-old duality between the papal nobility and the Roman baronial families by equating the civic patrichiate of the city of Rome with the nobility created by the Pope. In 1854 a complete list of Roman princely families was drawn up and entered into the Golden Book of the
271:– the parties favoring Pope and Emperor, respectively – that roiled the cities of Northern Italy. Papal power was retained, but the Popes frequently fled Rome for the safety of Orvieto, Perugia and Viterbo. The instability of the communes gradually gave way to the stabilizing influence of the
1168:; 1288, Modena and Reggio gained by the d'Este; 1293, Ferrara, Modena and Reggio elevated to Marquisates; 1308–1309, succession crisis, Papacy defeats Venetian attempts to control Ferrara; 1317, d'Este restored with papal support; 1452, Emperor
175:
also emerged for high officers of the
Imperial household. Key to the military organization of the Lombards and Franks was the free association between the local military leader and the warrior caste - hence the Germanic origin of the title of
263:
held enormous influence over the papacy for a period, installing several of their own family members. Up through the
Renaissance, the papacy was intermittently threatened by the violent struggle between the noble families.
1005:. Pontifical noble titles, like marquis Silva de Balboa, also as count of Urquijo. All pontifical noble titles are within the personal gift of the pontiff, and they are not recorded in the Official Acts of the Holy See.
2581:
385:
From the second half of the 16th century onwards, members of the higher clergy and the aristocracy connected to the papal court built a number of stately homes, or suburban villas in the countryside of Lazio. The
1197:
also confirmed as a papal fief; in 1516, after reverses of fortune, Parma ceded back to French-controlled Milan and claims to Modena renounced under the terms of the
Congress of Bologna; in 1521, during the
2404:
100:
The Roman heritage of the papacy accounts for many of its traditions regarding ranks of nobility. As temporal ruler of the city of Rome, the Pope awarded civic titles of classical origin such as
1065:
developed in Italy and vague, overlapping territorial claims were gradually determined and settled through conquest and treaty. Although temporal rule in Italy was theoretically shared with the
2298:
961:
Recipients of such honours included both
Italians – especially those close to the papacy (some of whom were/are papal relatives) – and prominent non-Italian Catholics, including Irish tenor
1226:; 1552, Treaty of Chambord, France distracts Imperial forces to Germany, Julius III negotiates a truce with Farnese who is tentatively restored; 1556, Charles V abdicates Milan to his son,
2564:
184:
developed the old
Byzantine, Lombard, and Frankish structures were worked into a hierarchy, and the old military and administrative offices became hereditary titles with fiefs attached.
5190:
343:
of
Florence and other noble families set their sights on the papacy as a means of aggrandizing themselves and establishing dynastic goals through marriage, diplomacy and ennoblement.
5653:
2421:
2461:
1172:
elevates Modena and Reggio to
Duchies; 1571, Paul II elevates Ferrara to duchy; 1598, Ferrara devolves to the Papacy, Modena and Reggio to d'Este heirs recognized by the Emperor)
2668:
5366:
2397:
428:
the
Duchies of Urbino, Ferrara and Parma. From the late sixteenth century onward, with the papal territory relatively secure, noble families were enriched with the title of
2367:
de Mata, Manuel (1955). "Breve resena de la Orden del Santo Sepulcro presentada a S.M. el Rey D. Alfonso XIII el 25 de julio de 1904 por el Excmo. Sr. D. manuel de Mata".
5204:
779:
At times, certain rulers paid a type of feudal homage to the papacy (Poland, 991; England, 1213). Inversely, the Pope claimed the authority to create and anoint rulers (
5346:
3611:
3077:
5432:
5442:
5185:
5168:
2569:
2390:
5285:
5341:
3162:
5697:
5623:
5280:
1202:, Parma captured by Hispano-Papal forces, confirmed to the papacy in the Treaty of Rome of 1525, Milan ceded to Imperial party and Sforza re-instated; 1545,
662:. John Paul II granted several noble titles to Polish compatriots at the beginning of his pontificate, but quietly and without their being published in the
5721:
5427:
2575:
5729:
5356:
1214:
succeeds in Parma; 1549, in an attempt to ensure direct papal control against Imperial-Milanese encroachment, Ottavio dispossesed, 1550, reinstated by
327:
When the Pope returned to Italy at the end of the fourteenth century, he had to either overthrow or force the submission of the lords of the cities of
837:, and are considered analogous to temporal princes within a kingdom. Historically, many popes have designated a member of their family as an official
5422:
4143:
3470:
371:. Prominent families could purchase curial offices for their sons and regularly did, hoping that the son would rise through Church ranks to become a
5290:
5351:
4493:
5844:
5153:
4952:
4656:
3419:
2413:
670:
600:
922:
is one of the noble titles still granted by the Pope as a mark of personal distinction without any territorial entailment. The holder is styled
5361:
3785:
552:
5776:
5336:
2733:
5110:
4592:
3371:
5941:
5417:
5163:
5158:
5144:
2107:
3955:
2835:
2757:
2746:
1210:, his father; 1547, Pier Luigi assassinated by Ferrante Gonzaga, Imperial Governor of Milan, and Piacenza occupied by Imperial troops,
452:
The Napoleonic occupation of Rome led to the temporary abolition of noble titles. Upon restitution of sovereignty to the Papal States,
862:
Just as Catholic monarchs sometimes exercised veto powers in papal elections, bishops and abbots were historically represented in the
3189:
5533:
4084:
2788:
5412:
5272:
4616:
4123:
2509:
2492:
2487:
572:
4544:
579:
determined that the provision of the Lateran Treaty concerning the recognition of papal titles that was incorporated into the
6096:
5199:
3543:
3310:
2161:
583:
was still valid and therefore that their use in Italy was still licit. No provision, however, has been made for their use in
4539:
3408:
3245:
2059:
1768:
827:
627:. At this time he also declared that the papal nobility would no longer be a constituent body in the Pontifical Household.
456:
decided to abolish feudalism, transforming all the titles to honorifics disconnected from territorial privileges. In 1853,
1031:) as attendants to the Pontifical Court. Additionally, the honour was collectively granted to the Spanish chapters of the
6064:
5808:
5407:
5389:
4974:
4488:
4148:
3779:
3626:
3445:
311:) began to establish hereditary lordships and expand their power to neighboring towns. During the Papal exile, Cardinal
5813:
5523:
4940:
4792:
4069:
4046:
3769:
3228:
536:
5591:
5452:
5384:
5139:
4534:
4529:
4437:
3290:
2726:
2499:
1169:
990:
800:
730:
531:. Among Maloney's various charitable activities was a home for the elderly in honor of his parents, donations to the
237:
4128:
950:
since the Middle Ages, and the pope continued to grant the comital and other noble titles even after 1870, when the
495:
in 1870, the new kingdom recognized the existing nobility in its new territory. The pope remained a self-described "
6153:
5565:
5528:
5447:
4507:
4079:
3856:
3560:
3037:
1820:
1711:
1660:
1132:
259:
rather than creating intermediate feudatories. However, the Roman baronial families exerted enormous control. The
6201:
6039:
5934:
5753:
5633:
5437:
5300:
5180:
5065:
4683:
4671:
3616:
708:
524:
401:
215:
5317:
4928:
4705:
4153:
3538:
3295:
2999:
2795:
2446:
1140:
712:
548:
532:
219:
1336:, the Duchy of Romagna, the Duchy of Giove, the Duchy of Cerveteri, the Duchy of Monterotondo, Duchy of Nemi,
6178:
6071:
5705:
5555:
4826:
4715:
3922:
3878:
3348:
3140:
2956:
2852:
1219:
1164:(756, part of the Donation of Pepin; 1187, signory held by the Marquis d'Este; 1278, part of the donation of
472:
101:
89:
3097:
440:. Likewise, papal orders of knighthood and personal titles, sometimes attached to positions of honor in the
88:
with territorial privileges attached. During this time, the Pope also bestowed ancient civic titles such as
5175:
5045:
5000:
4969:
4844:
4176:
3744:
3555:
3250:
3092:
2719:
2542:
1199:
1182:
1148:
659:
2279:
116:, it came to refer to the military governor of a certain district appointed by the Exarch. The Duchies of
5710:
5628:
5586:
5027:
4886:
3639:
3479:
3335:
2830:
2477:
2256:
2145:
2064:
1032:
946:. The comital title, which can be for life or hereditary, has been awarded in various forms by popes and
17:
599:
Few Pontifical titles, other than personal nobility obtained by individual appointment into the several
5927:
5803:
5608:
5470:
5122:
5035:
4604:
4565:
4191:
3993:
3383:
3213:
3200:
3082:
2939:
2772:
2504:
2166:
1039:
privileges in addition to the right to use the Comital title. This tradition can be traced back to the
417:
136:, King of the Franks, defeated the Lombards and granted the lands of the Duchy of Rome to the Papacy.
5785:
5613:
5603:
4570:
3774:
3661:
3582:
3565:
3500:
3179:
3107:
3067:
2882:
2532:
1028:
866:
or "estates-general" (legislative and consultative assemblies) of many countries. The archbishops of
663:
3087:
1850:
5223:
5087:
5040:
4881:
4876:
4710:
4502:
3936:
3715:
3673:
3400:
3274:
2978:
2917:
2587:
2436:
1144:
982:
576:
556:
5596:
2382:
5618:
5518:
4946:
4935:
4700:
4308:
4074:
3959:
3695:
3484:
3433:
3223:
3184:
3157:
3117:
2904:
2819:
2762:
2431:
998:
701:
514:
496:
268:
255:
By the year 900, Frankish power in Italy had dissipated. the Popes assumed direct control in the
208:
80:. From the Middle Ages into the nineteenth century, the papacy held direct temporal power in the
2923:
543:
a Papal Countess, the first such title to have been bestowed upon a woman in the United States.
6049:
5864:
5838:
5252:
4785:
4759:
4222:
4196:
3679:
3572:
3042:
2451:
2350:
1189:
by the Sforza-controlled Duchy of Milan under terms of the Congress of Mantua, Este duchies of
994:
962:
808:
433:
256:
163:), was instituted as the basic jurisdictional unit centered on a fortified town or castle. The
5981:
5692:
5663:
5328:
5105:
4858:
4666:
4587:
4410:
4249:
4244:
4133:
3634:
3599:
3505:
3366:
3305:
3218:
3194:
3150:
3145:
3027:
2934:
2847:
2813:
2593:
2441:
2156:
2009:
1267:
1050:
966:
875:
834:
816:
356:
1474:
6138:
5686:
5575:
5211:
5070:
4626:
4560:
4357:
4340:
4275:
3849:
3749:
3604:
3592:
3240:
3233:
3022:
2912:
2872:
2867:
1844:
1128:
1124:
871:
624:
580:
372:
308:
129:
113:
3455:
8:
6148:
6128:
6113:
5896:
5869:
5477:
5308:
4747:
4232:
4217:
4171:
3990:
3811:
3686:
3548:
3300:
3102:
3072:
2688:
2624:
2029:
1499:
1468:
1110:
867:
796:
432:, their counties and marquisates were elevated to duchies, and the Medici were even made
125:
41:
3577:
2299:"'The Church Would Look Foolish Without Them': Countess Annie Leary, New York, New York"
6173:
6108:
6011:
5908:
5715:
5638:
5117:
4661:
4599:
4524:
4330:
4288:
4282:
3823:
3450:
3378:
3167:
3112:
2929:
2862:
2700:
2658:
2211:
1773:
1735:
1623:
1393:
1351:
1325:
1306:
1287:
1235:
1227:
1203:
1152:
1086:
1066:
970:
947:
822:
While some titles were traditionally linked to territorial privileges to a fief of the
804:
795:
of Constantinople, 1217; Sicily, 1265), to depose them (Holy Roman Empire, 1076, 1245;
618:
560:
405:
300:
292:
280:
260:
147:
existed within the future lands of the Papal States. Under the Carolingian empire, the
144:
6123:
6044:
6029:
6024:
6019:
5950:
5643:
5399:
5376:
4993:
4913:
4908:
4848:
4778:
4325:
4270:
3791:
3739:
3208:
3172:
2983:
2944:
2537:
2482:
2261:
2217:
2151:
2074:
1629:
1584:
1548:
1530:
1329:
1098:
1094:
890:
819:, 1493). The Pope also had strong claims to the feudal sovereignty of Naples-Sicily.
788:
784:
780:
655:
651:
503:" of families who remained loyal to the papacy rather than the Italian monarchy. The
471:
of 1746). Both the civic nobles and the papal aristocracy thus obtained the title of
296:
171:(or "march count") was a border territory with defensive significance. The status of
164:
45:
1804:
6163:
6158:
6133:
6054:
5996:
5991:
5986:
5966:
5854:
5100:
4871:
4582:
4465:
4320:
4315:
4138:
4108:
4028:
4023:
3874:
3668:
3526:
3361:
3255:
3017:
3007:
2993:
2970:
2951:
2805:
2605:
2014:
1745:
1341:
1333:
1255:
1160:
812:
584:
484:
140:
121:
30:
For the Roman aristocratic families who sided with the Papacy in 19th century, see
1562:
6076:
6059:
5971:
5849:
5244:
4830:
4621:
4519:
4512:
4480:
4118:
3926:
3842:
3723:
3587:
3510:
3130:
3059:
2988:
2641:
2024:
2000:
1985:
1961:
1866:
1697:
1617:
1611:
1576:
1556:
1381:
1355:
1317:
1211:
1190:
1119:
978:
955:
848:
839:
604:
567:
528:
492:
441:
360:
348:
312:
284:
133:
49:
2229:
1751:
1590:
1536:
382:
remain standing today as a testament to their sometimes meteoric rise to power.
6168:
6118:
6034:
5976:
5550:
5510:
5312:
5256:
5075:
5030:
4962:
4918:
4896:
4891:
4725:
4678:
4648:
4427:
4420:
4303:
4186:
4113:
4061:
4033:
3981:
3904:
3465:
3338:
3285:
3032:
2895:
2857:
2825:
2651:
2611:
2599:
2099:
2093:
2069:
2019:
1967:
1912:
1788:
1729:
1691:
1646:
1640:
1385:
1283:
1230:
of Spain, and Ottavio Farnese submits to his protection in the Treaty of Ghent)
1177:
1082:
1016:
894:
886:
504:
500:
409:
368:
328:
172:
105:
31:
1549:
Prince of Sulmona, Rossano, Montecompatri, Vivaro, Sperliga e Manganelli, etc.
6195:
5781:
5261:
4903:
4866:
4815:
4812:
3931:
3656:
3646:
3135:
3047:
3012:
2318:
2195:
2185:
2039:
1778:
1207:
1194:
898:
588:
510:
393:
347:
notably ousted many of the lords of Le Marche and established himself as the
344:
304:
117:
5658:
5560:
5022:
4957:
4923:
4839:
4822:
4470:
4380:
4347:
4295:
4094:
4017:
3950:
3917:
3890:
3651:
3330:
3260:
2842:
2783:
2742:
1991:
1389:
1223:
1090:
1035:, the only purely noble chapters of the order. Their members enjoy several
974:
951:
902:
823:
792:
608:
488:
468:
81:
1113:, the pope had authority to dispose of certain hereditary fiefs, notably:
654:
ennobled several distinguished individuals during his pontificate, as did
5876:
5095:
4984:
4835:
4690:
4577:
4497:
4432:
4415:
4375:
4181:
3413:
3356:
2663:
2527:
1893:
1375:
1040:
844:
612:
544:
540:
316:
69:
53:
2711:
1918:
6101:
6089:
5859:
5057:
4460:
4335:
4239:
4227:
4201:
4099:
2083:
2045:
1783:
1371:
1345:
1310:
1251:
1247:
1215:
881:
863:
715: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
222: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1027:
to those who have been created Pontifical Chamberlains (now styled as
527:
a papal marquis, and two years later a member of the papal court as a
37:
5919:
5765:
5580:
5228:
5127:
4609:
4444:
4385:
4254:
3388:
1902:
1875:
1493:
1295:
1275:
1186:
1136:
1078:
1062:
854:
421:
397:
352:
332:
181:
159:
690:
673:, which do not confer titled-nobility status, with the exception of
197:
6143:
5958:
5903:
5011:
4801:
4754:
4720:
4695:
4400:
4050:
3968:
3899:
3882:
3818:
3701:
2767:
2695:
2412:
2188:
Vol. 14. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1912. 15 November 2022
2186:
SchnĂĽrer, Gustav. "States of the Church." The Catholic Encyclopedia
1271:
1165:
1106:
1036:
919:
765:
453:
364:
288:
276:
73:
1423:
6084:
4405:
4365:
2194:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1898:
1884:
1720:
1677:
1445:
1403:
1399:
1363:
1337:
1299:
1291:
1259:
1239:
1151:; 1521, restored to Della Rovere; 1625–1631, willed to Papacy by
1102:
986:
833:
Within the ecclesiastical hierarchy Cardinals are referred to as
826:, others were associated only with privileges of court, notably,
757:
639:
457:
376:
Italy is dotted with the fruits of their success; various family
272:
168:
57:
539:. In 1903, Leo created New York City socialite and benefactress
279:. Gradually, magnates of certain powerful families (such as the
5216:
4163:
1880:
1871:
1725:
1605:
1485:
1427:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1359:
1321:
1279:
1263:
1222:, places himself under the protection of France initiating the
1074:
969:, American financier George MacDonald, American philanthropist
773:
749:
631:
563:
in the Bronx for the Dominican Sisters of Perpetual Adoration.
437:
429:
340:
336:
148:
367:
created the Duchy of Parma out of conquered territory for the
4395:
4370:
4040:
3976:
2079:
1431:
1367:
1070:
915:
769:
761:
647:
643:
547:
named New York City builder John D. Crimmons a Knight of the
177:
153:
85:
5609:
Palace of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples
2903:
2369:
Memorias de la Academia Mallorquina de Estudios GenealĂłgicos
1046:
Memorias de la Academia Mallorquina de Estudios GenealĂłgicos
1010:
5491:
5019:
4819:
4770:
4390:
3972:
3949:
3914:
3865:
3327:
2779:
1889:
1834:
1798:
1716:
1669:
1665:
1519:
1407:
1002:
753:
635:
77:
2148:, 1890 book about papal counts in France from 1815 to 1890
267:
The late middle ages were marked by a rivalry between the
3834:
3460:
109:
48:. A Norwegian convert to Catholicism, he was appointed a
5726:
House of Retreat for the Clergy of Saints John and Paul
1544:
Scipione Virginio Flavio Giacomo Antonio Maria Borghese
748:
Historically, papal nobility has included the titles of
3898:
630:
Although the custom of conferring noble titles such as
1131:
Imperial Vicar of Urbino; 1213, elevated to county by
84:, and many titles of papal nobility were derived from
76:, composed of persons holding titles bestowed by the
5619:
Palace of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches
1324:(Farnese), the Duchy of Ariccia (of the Chigi), the
1093:
by right of treaty or donation from secular rulers (
112:
originally applied to a military leader. During the
5794:
5676:
3163:
Santa Maria della PietĂ in Camposanto dei Teutonici
1218:; in 1551, Ottavio, threatened by the ambitions of
1143:the son of Giovanna da Montefeltro; 1516, given to
1056:
408:. The homes were often decorated by noted artists.
351:before being overthrown by his father's successor
4144:Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Roman Province
6193:
2280:"Marquis Martin Maloney Succumbs in Quaker City"
2582:Order of Saint Sylvester and the Militia Aurata
2414:Orders, decorations, and medals of the Holy See
2330:Philippe Levillain, ed. John W. O'Malley, tr.
2248:
910:
811:, 1569), and to decide disputes between them (
5935:
5777:Pontificio Collegio Urbano de Propaganda Fide
4786:
3850:
2727:
2398:
2321:, The Christian Knighthood Information Center
1185:, territories of Parma and Piacenza ceded to
1109:, 1278). Within this territory, known as the
1044:
852:
387:
377:
128:were established in this context. In 751 the
2213:History of the popes; their church and state
1309:(1805–1814, Napoleon elevates Benevento and
518:
513:ennobled French and American philanthropist
5205:Permanent Observer to the Council of Europe
2290:
2245:, Princeton University Press, 1979: 281–285
1061:From the sixteenth century forward, strong
993:was a papal marchioness. During the 1920s,
879:
616:
523:. In 1902 he made Pennsylvania businessman
462:
5942:
5928:
4793:
4779:
3857:
3843:
2734:
2720:
2405:
2391:
2346:
2344:
603:, have been granted since the election of
392:were designed by renowned architects. The
3190:Santi Martino e Sebastiano degli Svizzeri
2741:
2243:The Villa in the Life of Renaissance Rome
1206:is created Duke of Parma and Piacenza by
1011:Count of the Sacred Palace of the Lateran
731:Learn how and when to remove this message
675:Count of the Sacred Palace of the Lateran
238:Learn how and when to remove this message
5534:Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls
4085:Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls
461:Capitoline nobility (established by the
132:fell to the Lombards. Five years later,
36:
4129:Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church
4124:Successor of the Prince of the Apostles
2510:Medal of the Order pro Merito Melitensi
2366:
2341:
2206:
2204:
930:and may be informally referred to as a
623:, which reorganized the court into the
535:, and towards the refurbishment of the
14:
6194:
5949:
2314:
2312:
1825:Prince of Massa and Marquis of Carrara
807:, 1001; Sicily, 1130; Portugal, 1179;
566:On the occasion of the signing of the
355:. Julius managed to marry his nephew,
322:
151:(also derived from a Roman precedent;
5923:
5271:
4774:
3838:
2715:
2386:
2162:Prince Assistants to the Papal Throne
965:, Irish art historian and politician
44:(1862–1943), in the court dress of a
3625:
2296:
2201:
2060:Prince Assistant to the Papal Throne
1769:Prince assistant to the Papal throne
851:carry honorifics, such as the style
828:Prince Assistant to the Papal Throne
713:adding citations to reliable sources
684:
220:adding citations to reliable sources
191:
5809:Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi
4149:Sovereign of the Vatican City State
2351:"How to... join the papal nobility"
2309:
905:often held territorial privileges.
650:has since essentially disappeared,
24:
5814:Basilica of Saint Anthony of Padua
5524:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
4070:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
4047:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
2565:Order of Saint John of the Lateran
2254:
2098:
2044:
1990:
1966:
1917:
1849:
1803:
1750:
1696:
1645:
1589:
1561:
1535:
1498:
1473:
674:
319:to subdue the independent states.
25:
6213:
5592:Pontifical North American College
5154:Section for Relations with States
3471:Postage stamps and postal history
2500:Sovereign Military Order of Malta
1828:Duke of Massa e Prince of Carrara
1654:Giovanni Angelo Theodoli-Braschi
991:Mercedes Castellanos de Anchorena
573:abolition of the Italian monarchy
529:Chamberlain of the Sword and Cape
5902:
5890:
5286:Extraordinary general assemblies
4753:
4741:
3817:
3805:
3612:Philatelic and Numismatic Office
2694:
2682:
2669:Other Catholic orders of chivaly
2189:
1380:The Marquisates (or Marches) of
1057:Fiefs of the State of the Church
689:
196:
5754:Papal Palace of Castel Gandolfo
5654:Pontifical Oratory of San Paolo
5634:Pontifical Minor Roman Seminary
5433:Latina-Terracina-Sezze-Priverno
2360:
1935:Prince of Roccasecca dei Volsci
1821:Prince of the Holy Roman Empire
1712:Prince of the Holy Roman Empire
1661:Prince of the Holy Roman Empire
1439:
1147:, Lord of Florence, during the
1019:" is an honour that is granted
1001:of New York were granted papal
700:needs additional citations for
499:", supported by the so-called "
402:Antonio da Sangallo the Younger
207:needs additional citations for
56:in 1921 and created a count by
5443:Sora-Cassino-Aquino-Pontecorvo
4154:Servant of the servants of God
3000:Stufetta del cardinal Bibbiena
2796:Vicar General for Vatican City
2447:Order of St. Gregory the Great
2324:
2272:
2235:
2230:"Villas of the Papal Nobility"
2223:
2179:
1141:Francesco Maria I della Rovere
549:Order of St. Gregory the Great
533:Catholic University of America
412:was commissioned to paint the
250:
13:
1:
5706:Pontifical Oriental Institute
2957:Monument to the Royal Stuarts
2853:Santo Stefano degli Ungheresi
2615:
2172:
1845:House of Doria-Pamphili-Landi
1398:The Lordships (Signories) of
1135:; 1443, elevated to duchy by
594:
95:
5529:Basilica of Saint Mary Major
4800:
4177:Coat of arms of the Holy See
4080:Basilica of Saint Mary Major
3251:Santo Stefano degli Abissini
1183:War of the League of Cambrai
1149:War of the League of Cambrai
1017:Sacred Palace of the Lateran
680:
671:knighthoods and other honors
669:The popes continue to award
660:Vatican Secretariat of State
601:Pontifical equestrian orders
478:
447:
7:
5711:Pontifical Lombard Seminary
5587:Pontifical Urban University
5281:Ordinary general assemblies
5028:Cardinal Secretary of State
4679:Pontifical colleges in Rome
3640:Vatican Information Service
3480:Secretariat for the Economy
3336:Cardinal Secretary of State
3078:Modern and Contemporary Art
2478:Order of the Holy Sepulchre
2332:The Papacy: An Encyclopedia
2255:Cheney, Liana De Girolami.
2146:Armorial des comtes romains
2139:
1282:and Musignano (Bonaparte),
1033:Order of the Holy Sepulchre
911:Papal counts and countesses
591:or civil state registries.
10:
6218:
5804:Basilica of the Holy House
5428:Frosinone-Veroli-Ferentino
4836:Sovereignty and government
4760:Catholic Church portal
3994:properties of the Holy See
3864:
3770:Amateur Sports Association
3214:San Pellegrino in Vaticano
3141:Sant'Anna dei Palafrenieri
2505:Order pro Merito Melitensi
2265:. Oxford University Press.
2210:Leopold von Ranke (2009),
2167:Papal orders of knighthood
2053:Domenico Napoleone Orsini
1831:Duke and Marquis of Aiello
1328:, the Duchy of Fiano, the
1069:, the papacy held most of
977:(mother of U.S. president
799:, 1247), to elevate them (
187:
42:Christopher, Count de Paus
29:
6010:
5957:
5885:
5830:
5761:Gardens of the Villa Cybo
5744:
5614:Palace of the Holy Office
5604:Palazzo della Cancelleria
5576:Palace of Saint Callixtus
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4845:Sovereign judicial entity
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3662:Vatican Television Center
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3180:Mater Ecclesiae Monastery
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2543:Jerusalem Pilgrim's Cross
2533:Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice
2520:
2460:
2420:
2232:, UNESCO, January 6, 2006
1674:Prince of Rocca Sinibalda
1294:(of the Doria-Pamphilj),
1029:Gentlemen of His Holiness
843:. Certain offices of the
743:
664:Acts of the Apostolic See
615:via the apostolic letter
444:, came into greater use.
5702:Archaeological Institute
4887:Old St. Peter's Basilica
4882:Patrimony of Saint Peter
4877:History of papal primacy
3674:Vatican Publishing House
2979:Redemptoris Mater Chapel
2831:Old St. Peter's Basilica
2588:Advocates of Saint Peter
2437:Order of the Golden Spur
2286:. 9 May 1929. p. 3.
1947:Duke of Anticoli-Corrado
1926:Fabrizio Massimo Arsoli
1332:(of the Da Varano), the
1015:The title "Count of the
983:Francis Augustus MacNutt
577:Italian Council of State
557:Corpus Christi Monastery
359:, to the heiress of the
27:Nobility of the Holy See
5897:Vatican City portal
5629:Palace of the Vicariate
5423:Civitavecchia-Tarquinia
4947:Prisoner in the Vatican
4936:Investiture Controversy
4748:Vatican City portal
3812:Vatican City portal
3224:Via della Conciliazione
2820:Prisoner in the Vatican
2689:Vatican City portal
2432:Supreme Order of Christ
2284:The Scranton Republican
2268:(subscription required)
1488:of Meldola and Sarsina
1448:of the papacy include:
999:Nicholas Frederic Brady
555:, Crimmons established
553:St. Patrick’s Cathedral
515:Joseph Florimond Loubat
497:prisoner in the Vatican
269:Guelphs and Ghibellines
139:The Lombard Duchies of
6202:Nobles of the Holy See
5909:Catholicism portal
5865:Apostolic Penitentiary
5839:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
5786:Santa Maria di Galeria
5111:For Vatican City State
4593:for Vatican City State
4223:Apostolic constitution
3824:Catholicism portal
3786:National football team
3780:National football team
3680:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
3372:For Vatican City State
2701:Catholicism portal
2570:Order of Saint Cecilia
2452:Order of St. Sylvester
2121:Prince of Poggio Suasa
2103:
2049:
1995:
1971:
1922:
1854:
1808:
1755:
1701:
1650:
1598:Vitaliano XI Borromeo
1594:
1566:
1540:
1503:
1478:
1246:The Principalities of
1236:Principality and Duchy
1045:
938:or, more rarely, as a
880:
853:
617:
519:
463:
434:Grand Dukes of Tuscany
414:Histories of Alexander
388:
378:
257:Patrimony of St. Peter
61:
5693:San Carlo ai Catinari
5664:Paul VI Audience Hall
5650:Benedictine monastery
5597:Bambino GesĂą Hospital
5367:Sabina-Poggio Mirteto
4716:Sexually active popes
4667:Pontifical university
4411:Ring of the Fisherman
4250:Ecclesiastical letter
4245:Apostolic exhortation
4134:Patriarch of the West
4119:Vicar of Jesus Christ
3635:Holy See Press Office
3420:Corps of Firefighters
3195:Paul VI Audience Hall
3146:Domus Sanctae Marthae
2918:St. Peter's Baldachin
2848:Cortile del Belvedere
2814:History of the papacy
2594:Blessed sword and hat
2442:Order of Pope Pius IX
2157:Noble Guard (Vatican)
2102:
2048:
2010:Grand Duke of Tuscany
1994:
1970:
1921:
1853:
1807:
1754:
1700:
1649:
1593:
1565:
1539:
1502:
1482:Camillo Aldobrandini
1477:
1469:House of Aldobrandini
1268:Roccasecca dei Volsci
1181:(In 1512, during the
1145:Lorenzo II de' Medici
1139:; 1508, inherited by
1051:Alfonso XIII of Spain
1049:and approved by King
967:George Noble Plunkett
893:. Within the Empire,
835:Princes of the Church
817:Treaty of Tordesillas
571:force until the 1946
357:Giovanni Della Rovere
108:. The Roman title of
40:
6109:Hungary and Slovakia
6030:Austria and Slovenia
5519:St. Peter's Basilica
5212:Apostolic nunciature
5071:College of Cardinals
5066:Secretariat of State
4711:Popes by nationality
4627:Sistine Chapel Choir
4561:College of Cardinals
4192:Regalia and insignia
4075:St. Peter's Basilica
3696:L'Osservatore Romano
3605:Sistine Chapel Choir
3409:Corps of Gendarmerie
3234:Porta San Pellegrino
3185:Sant'Egidio in Borgo
2913:Chair of Saint Peter
2905:St. Peter's Basilica
2873:Piazza Scossacavalli
2659:Pontifical academies
2319:"The Papal Nobility"
1784:Prince of Carbognano
1516:Prince di Valmontone
1513:Prince of Palestrina
1507:Francesco Barberini
1444:Examples of Italian
1125:Frederick Barbarossa
709:improve this article
625:Pontifical Household
581:Italian Constitution
507:ended this dispute.
315:was commissioned by
216:improve this article
167:or mark, ruled by a
130:Exarchate of Ravenna
5870:Apostolic Signatura
5698:Collegio Bellarmino
5570:Adjoining buildings
5145:Multilateral policy
3687:Annuario Pontificio
3539:Academy of Sciences
3098:Gregoriano Egiziano
2625:Papal Lateran Cross
2470:(with distinctions)
2355:The Catholic Herald
2130:Count of Vignanello
2115:Prince of Cerveteri
1944:Prince of Triggiano
1779:Prince of Stigliano
1111:State of the Church
956:taken from the pope
948:Holy Roman Emperors
323:Early modern period
6050:Estonia and Latvia
5959:Present monarchies
5951:Nobility of Europe
5639:Collegio Teutonico
5556:Lateran University
5400:Suffragan dioceses
5377:Territorial abbeys
5347:Porto-Santa Rufina
5329:Suburbicarian sees
5291:Special assemblies
5186:Permanent Observer
4662:Pontifical academy
4657:Orders of chivalry
3451:Vatican euro coins
3246:Saint John's Tower
3219:St. Peter's Square
3168:Collegio Teutonico
3151:Holy Spirit Chapel
3113:Bramante Staircase
3093:Gregoriano Etrusco
2935:Saint Peter's tomb
2930:Vatican Necropolis
2789:List of sovereigns
2521:Other distinctions
2338:"Nobility, Roman".
2104:
2050:
2030:Prince of Ottajano
1996:
1972:
1938:Prince of Prossedi
1923:
1855:
1809:
1756:
1702:
1680:of Belmonte Sabino
1651:
1595:
1567:
1541:
1504:
1494:House of Barberini
1479:
1326:Duchy of Bracciano
1313:to Principalities)
1307:Duchy of Benevento
1204:Pier Luigi Farnese
1178:Parma and Piacenza
1153:Francesco Maria II
1087:Carolingian period
1085:directly from the
1067:Holy Roman Emperor
971:Katherine E. Price
783:, 800, 962, etc.;
619:Pontificalis Domus
607:in 1958. In 1968,
406:Baldassare Peruzzi
261:Counts of Tusculum
62:
6189:
6188:
6012:Former monarchies
5917:
5916:
5826:
5825:
5822:
5821:
5784:antennae area of
5775:Summer estate of
5740:
5739:
5672:
5671:
5644:Teutonic Cemetery
5542:
5541:
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5504:
5501:
5482:
5465:
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5461:
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5418:Civita Castellana
5321:
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5239:
5238:
5004:
4941:Age of Revolution
4914:Donation of Pepin
4909:Donation of Sutri
4849:international law
4768:
4767:
4535:Prelate of Honour
4102:
4006:
4005:
4002:
4001:
3832:
3831:
3792:Vatican Athletics
3758:
3757:
3710:
3709:
3566:Apostolic Archive
3521:
3520:
3428:
3427:
3291:Foreign relations
3269:
3268:
3241:Ricciolo d'Italia
3209:Passetto di Borgo
3173:Teutonic Cemetery
3126:
3125:
2984:Borgia Apartments
2965:
2964:
2945:Tomb of the Julii
2709:
2708:
2576:Order of the Moor
2558:
2538:Benemerenti medal
2483:Palm of Jerusalem
2471:
2262:Oxford Art Online
2218:Wellesley College
2152:Nobility of Italy
2137:
2136:
2127:Marquess of Riano
2124:Duke of Morignano
2118:Prince of Parrano
2108:Francesco Ruspoli
2075:Duke of Bracciano
1941:Prince of Roviano
1774:Prince of Paliano
1762:
1759:Federico Colonna
1585:House of Borromeo
1531:House of Borghese
1330:Duchy of Camerino
1099:Donation of Pepin
1095:Donation of Sutri
891:Holy Roman Empire
789:Kingdom of Aragon
781:Holy Roman Empire
741:
740:
733:
656:Pope Benedict XVI
652:Pope John Paul II
585:Italian passports
248:
247:
240:
46:papal chamberlain
16:(Redirected from
6209:
5944:
5937:
5930:
5921:
5920:
5907:
5906:
5895:
5894:
5893:
5797:extraterritorial
5792:
5791:
5770:Adjacent gardens
5730:Nympheum of Nero
5679:extraterritorial
5674:
5673:
5566:Sancta Sanctorum
5544:
5543:
5507:
5506:
5500:
5497:
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5486:
5485:
5474:
5325:
5324:
5306:
5303:province of Rome
5269:
5268:
5250:
5101:Apostolic Camera
5008:
5007:
4990:
4872:Primacy of Peter
4795:
4788:
4781:
4772:
4771:
4758:
4757:
4746:
4745:
4744:
4583:Apostolic Camera
4540:Prince assistant
4466:Sedia gestatoria
4139:Primate of Italy
4098:
4029:Papal apartments
4024:Apostolic Palace
3991:extraterritorial
3947:
3946:
3896:
3895:
3859:
3852:
3845:
3836:
3835:
3822:
3821:
3810:
3809:
3808:
3669:Vatican News App
3623:
3622:
3532:
3531:
3439:
3438:
3362:Apostolic Camera
3280:
3279:
3256:Vatican Pharmacy
3201:The Resurrection
3018:Niccoline Chapel
3008:Cappella Paolina
2994:Papal apartments
2971:Apostolic Palace
2952:Vatican Grottoes
2901:
2900:
2892:
2891:
2888:
2887:
2736:
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2722:
2713:
2712:
2699:
2698:
2687:
2686:
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2620:
2617:
2606:Fidei et Virtuti
2556:
2469:
2464:under protection
2407:
2400:
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2227:
2221:
2208:
2199:
2193:
2192:
2183:
2094:House of Ruspoli
2015:Duke of Florence
2001:3 cadet branches
1932:Prince of Arsoli
1913:House of Massimo
1760:
1746:House of Colonna
1683:Count of Falcino
1641:House of Braschi
1451:
1450:
1350:The Counties of
1334:Duchy of Spoleto
1161:Duchy of Ferrara
1048:
989:, and Argentine
885:
858:
736:
729:
725:
722:
716:
693:
685:
622:
537:Lateran Basilica
522:
485:Kingdom of Italy
467:constitution of
466:
400:was the work of
391:
389:Ville Pontificie
381:
243:
236:
232:
229:
223:
200:
192:
114:Byzantine period
21:
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5891:
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5881:
5850:Papal household
5818:
5796:
5790:
5746:
5736:
5722:Sant'Apollinare
5720:Two Palaces of
5716:Russian College
5678:
5668:
5538:
5511:Major basilicas
5490:
5479:
5476:
5473:
5457:
5394:
5371:
5316:
5305:
5302:
5295:
5259:
5255:
5249:
5246:
5235:
5164:Of the Holy See
5159:To the Holy See
5142:
5140:Foreign affairs
5134:
5082:
5052:
4998:
4995:
4992:
4989:
4987:judicial entity
4986:
4979:
4853:
4831:Diocese of Rome
4804:
4799:
4769:
4764:
4752:
4742:
4740:
4732:
4701:Canonised popes
4631:
4622:Cappella Giulia
4549:
4513:Papal majordomo
4475:
4449:
4352:
4259:
4206:
4158:
4097:
4089:
4062:Major basilicas
4056:
3998:
3953:
3945:
3927:Diocese of Rome
3902:
3885:
3868:
3863:
3833:
3828:
3816:
3806:
3804:
3796:
3754:
3728:
3724:Catholic Church
3706:
3621:
3617:Public holidays
3517:
3489:
3424:
3395:
3343:
3316:
3311:Fundamental Law
3265:
3131:Gregorian Tower
3122:
3060:Vatican Museums
3054:
2989:Clementine Hall
2961:
2877:
2800:
2749:
2740:
2710:
2705:
2693:
2683:
2681:
2673:
2642:Papal household
2630:
2618:
2555:
2553:
2552:Defunct/dormant
2547:
2516:
2468:
2466:of the Holy See
2465:
2463:
2456:
2424:of the Holy See
2423:
2416:
2411:
2381:
2380:
2365:
2361:
2357:, July 11, 2019
2349:
2342:
2334:(2002) vol. ii
2329:
2325:
2317:
2310:
2297:McNamara, Pat.
2295:
2291:
2278:
2277:
2273:
2267:
2253:
2249:
2240:
2236:
2228:
2224:
2209:
2202:
2190:
2184:
2180:
2175:
2142:
2133:
2088:
2065:Duke of Gravina
2040:House of Orsini
2034:
2025:Duke of Nemours
1986:House of Medici
1976:Extinct in 1801
1962:House of Mattei
1956:
1953:Duke of Rignano
1950:Duke of Calcata
1907:
1867:Prince of Melfi
1859:Extinct in 2000
1839:
1813:Extinct in 1790
1793:
1740:
1686:
1635:
1577:Numerous titles
1571:Extinct in 1748
1557:House of Borgia
1525:
1522:of Monterotondo
1442:
1316:The Duchies of
1290:(Farnese), and
1212:Ottavio Farnese
1200:Four Years' War
1127:cr. Antonio da
1120:Duchy of Urbino
1081:, and parts of
1059:
1013:
979:John F. Kennedy
913:
895:prince-primates
887:prince-electors
849:Papal Household
840:cardinal-nephew
746:
737:
726:
720:
717:
706:
694:
683:
605:Pope John XXIII
597:
568:Lateran Accords
551:. A trustee of
481:
450:
442:papal household
418:Castello Orsini
361:Duchy of Urbino
349:Duke of Romagna
325:
313:Gil de Albornoz
253:
244:
233:
227:
224:
213:
201:
190:
134:Pepin the Short
98:
50:papal gentleman
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6215:
6205:
6204:
6187:
6186:
6184:
6183:
6182:
6181:
6171:
6166:
6161:
6156:
6151:
6146:
6141:
6136:
6131:
6126:
6121:
6116:
6111:
6106:
6105:
6104:
6099:
6094:
6093:
6092:
6079:
6074:
6069:
6068:
6067:
6057:
6052:
6047:
6042:
6037:
6032:
6027:
6022:
6016:
6014:
6008:
6007:
6005:
6004:
5999:
5997:United Kingdom
5994:
5989:
5984:
5979:
5974:
5969:
5963:
5961:
5955:
5954:
5947:
5946:
5939:
5932:
5924:
5915:
5914:
5912:
5911:
5899:
5886:
5883:
5882:
5880:
5879:
5874:
5873:
5872:
5867:
5857:
5852:
5847:
5842:
5834:
5832:
5828:
5827:
5824:
5823:
5820:
5819:
5817:
5816:
5811:
5806:
5800:
5798:
5789:
5788:
5779:
5773:
5772:
5771:
5768:
5762:
5759:
5750:
5748:
5742:
5741:
5738:
5737:
5735:
5734:
5733:
5732:
5724:
5718:
5713:
5708:
5703:
5700:
5695:
5689:
5685:Palace of the
5682:
5680:
5670:
5669:
5667:
5666:
5661:
5656:
5651:
5648:
5647:
5646:
5636:
5631:
5626:
5621:
5616:
5611:
5606:
5601:
5600:
5599:
5594:
5589:
5578:
5573:
5572:
5571:
5568:
5563:
5558:
5551:Lateran Palace
5547:
5540:
5539:
5537:
5536:
5531:
5526:
5521:
5515:
5513:
5503:
5502:
5494:
5483:
5480:territoriality
5467:
5466:
5463:
5462:
5459:
5458:
5456:
5455:
5450:
5445:
5440:
5435:
5430:
5425:
5420:
5415:
5410:
5404:
5402:
5396:
5395:
5393:
5392:
5387:
5381:
5379:
5373:
5372:
5370:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5344:
5342:Velletri-Segni
5339:
5333:
5331:
5322:
5301:Ecclesiastical
5297:
5296:
5294:
5293:
5288:
5283:
5277:
5275:
5266:
5257:full communion
5241:
5240:
5237:
5236:
5234:
5233:
5232:
5231:
5221:
5220:
5219:
5209:
5208:
5207:
5200:European Union
5197:
5196:
5195:
5194:
5193:
5181:United Nations
5178:
5173:
5172:
5171:
5161:
5156:
5150:
5148:
5136:
5135:
5133:
5132:
5131:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5115:
5114:
5113:
5103:
5092:
5090:
5084:
5083:
5081:
5080:
5079:
5078:
5076:Papal conclave
5068:
5062:
5060:
5054:
5053:
5051:
5050:
5049:
5048:
5043:
5033:
5031:Pietro Parolin
5025:
5016:
5014:
5005:
4981:
4980:
4978:
4977:
4972:
4967:
4966:
4965:
4963:Lateran Treaty
4955:
4950:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4932:
4931:
4929:Temporal power
4921:
4919:Avignon Papacy
4916:
4911:
4906:
4901:
4900:
4899:
4892:Lateran Palace
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4863:
4861:
4855:
4854:
4852:
4851:
4842:
4833:
4809:
4806:
4805:
4798:
4797:
4790:
4783:
4775:
4766:
4765:
4763:
4762:
4750:
4737:
4734:
4733:
4731:
4730:
4729:
4728:
4726:Western Schism
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4688:
4687:
4686:
4684:Major Seminary
4676:
4675:
4674:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4653:
4652:
4643:Papal nobility
4639:
4637:
4633:
4632:
4630:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4613:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4596:
4595:
4585:
4575:
4574:
4573:
4568:
4557:
4555:
4551:
4550:
4548:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4516:
4515:
4505:
4500:
4491:
4485:
4483:
4477:
4476:
4474:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4457:
4455:
4454:Transportation
4451:
4450:
4448:
4447:
4442:
4441:
4440:
4430:
4428:Sub-cinctorium
4425:
4424:
4423:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4362:
4360:
4354:
4353:
4351:
4350:
4345:
4344:
4343:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4312:
4311:
4301:
4300:
4299:
4292:
4280:
4279:
4278:
4267:
4265:
4261:
4260:
4258:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4236:
4235:
4225:
4220:
4214:
4212:
4208:
4207:
4205:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4187:Keys of Heaven
4184:
4179:
4174:
4168:
4166:
4160:
4159:
4157:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4114:Bishop of Rome
4111:
4105:
4103:
4091:
4090:
4088:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4066:
4064:
4058:
4057:
4055:
4054:
4044:
4038:
4037:
4036:
4034:Sistine Chapel
4031:
4021:
4014:
4012:
4008:
4007:
4004:
4003:
4000:
3999:
3997:
3996:
3987:
3986:
3985:
3982:Lateran Treaty
3965:
3963:
3944:
3943:
3942:
3941:
3940:
3939:
3910:
3908:
3905:Full communion
3893:
3887:
3886:
3873:
3870:
3869:
3862:
3861:
3854:
3847:
3839:
3830:
3829:
3827:
3826:
3814:
3801:
3798:
3797:
3795:
3794:
3789:
3783:
3777:
3772:
3766:
3764:
3760:
3759:
3756:
3755:
3753:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3736:
3734:
3730:
3729:
3727:
3726:
3720:
3718:
3712:
3711:
3708:
3707:
3705:
3704:
3699:
3692:
3691:
3690:
3683:
3671:
3666:
3665:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3644:
3643:
3642:
3631:
3629:
3620:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3608:
3607:
3597:
3596:
3595:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3573:Climate Forest
3570:
3569:
3568:
3558:
3553:
3552:
3551:
3546:
3535:
3529:
3523:
3522:
3519:
3518:
3516:
3515:
3514:
3513:
3508:
3497:
3495:
3494:Infrastructure
3491:
3490:
3488:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3476:
3475:
3474:
3473:
3466:Poste Vaticane
3463:
3456:Communications
3453:
3448:
3442:
3436:
3430:
3429:
3426:
3425:
3423:
3422:
3416:
3411:
3405:
3403:
3397:
3396:
3394:
3393:
3392:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3375:
3374:
3364:
3353:
3351:
3345:
3344:
3342:
3341:
3339:Pietro Parolin
3333:
3324:
3322:
3318:
3317:
3315:
3314:
3313:
3308:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3277:
3271:
3270:
3267:
3266:
3264:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3237:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3205:
3204:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3176:
3175:
3170:
3160:
3155:
3154:
3153:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3127:
3124:
3123:
3121:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3083:Pio-Clementino
3080:
3075:
3070:
3064:
3062:
3056:
3055:
3053:
3052:
3051:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3033:Sistine Chapel
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3004:
3003:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2975:
2973:
2967:
2966:
2963:
2962:
2960:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2948:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2927:
2920:
2915:
2909:
2907:
2898:
2896:Major basilica
2885:
2879:
2878:
2876:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2858:Lateran Treaty
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2839:
2838:
2828:
2826:Circus of Nero
2823:
2816:
2810:
2808:
2802:
2801:
2799:
2798:
2793:
2792:
2791:
2777:
2776:
2775:
2765:
2760:
2754:
2751:
2750:
2739:
2738:
2731:
2724:
2716:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2703:
2691:
2678:
2675:
2674:
2672:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2655:
2654:
2652:Black nobility
2647:Papal nobility
2644:
2638:
2636:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2628:
2622:
2612:Lauretan Cross
2609:
2603:
2600:Pro Petri Sede
2597:
2591:
2585:
2579:
2573:
2567:
2561:
2559:
2549:
2548:
2546:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2524:
2522:
2518:
2517:
2515:
2514:
2513:
2512:
2507:
2497:
2496:
2495:
2493:Cross of Merit
2490:
2485:
2474:
2472:
2458:
2457:
2455:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2428:
2426:
2418:
2417:
2410:
2409:
2402:
2395:
2387:
2379:
2378:
2371:(in Spanish).
2359:
2340:
2323:
2308:
2289:
2271:
2247:
2241:Coffin David,
2234:
2222:
2216:, Volume III,
2200:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2170:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2141:
2138:
2135:
2134:
2132:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2119:
2116:
2112:
2110:
2105:
2096:
2090:
2089:
2087:
2086:
2077:
2072:
2070:Duke of Amalfi
2067:
2062:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2042:
2036:
2035:
2033:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2020:Duke of Urbino
2017:
2012:
2006:
2004:
1997:
1988:
1982:
1981:
1980:Duke of Giove
1978:
1973:
1964:
1958:
1957:
1955:
1954:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1933:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1915:
1909:
1908:
1906:
1905:
1896:
1887:
1878:
1869:
1863:
1861:
1856:
1847:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1837:
1832:
1829:
1826:
1823:
1817:
1815:
1810:
1801:
1795:
1794:
1792:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1765:
1763:
1761:(Paliano line)
1757:
1748:
1742:
1741:
1739:
1738:
1732:
1723:
1714:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1694:
1692:House of Chigi
1688:
1687:
1685:
1684:
1681:
1675:
1672:
1663:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1643:
1637:
1636:
1634:
1633:
1626:
1620:
1614:
1608:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1587:
1581:
1580:
1573:
1568:
1559:
1553:
1552:
1545:
1542:
1533:
1527:
1526:
1524:
1523:
1517:
1514:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1496:
1490:
1489:
1483:
1480:
1471:
1465:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1434:
1396:
1378:
1348:
1314:
1303:
1302:, Poggio Suasa
1244:
1231:
1173:
1156:
1083:Emilia-Romagna
1058:
1055:
1012:
1009:
963:John McCormack
944:Roman countess
936:papal countess
912:
909:
899:prince-bishops
745:
742:
739:
738:
697:
695:
688:
682:
679:
658:, through the
596:
593:
589:identity cards
575:. In 1969 the
525:Martin Maloney
505:Lateran Treaty
501:black nobility
480:
477:
449:
446:
410:Taddeo Zuccari
329:Emilia-Romagna
324:
321:
309:Da Montefeltro
252:
249:
246:
245:
204:
202:
195:
189:
186:
173:Count Palatine
106:Summus Senator
97:
94:
66:papal nobility
32:Black nobility
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6214:
6203:
6200:
6199:
6197:
6180:
6177:
6176:
6175:
6172:
6170:
6167:
6165:
6162:
6160:
6157:
6155:
6152:
6150:
6147:
6145:
6142:
6140:
6137:
6135:
6132:
6130:
6127:
6125:
6122:
6120:
6117:
6115:
6112:
6110:
6107:
6103:
6100:
6098:
6095:
6091:
6088:
6087:
6086:
6083:
6082:
6080:
6078:
6075:
6073:
6070:
6066:
6063:
6062:
6061:
6058:
6056:
6053:
6051:
6048:
6046:
6043:
6041:
6038:
6036:
6033:
6031:
6028:
6026:
6023:
6021:
6018:
6017:
6015:
6013:
6009:
6003:
6000:
5998:
5995:
5993:
5990:
5988:
5985:
5983:
5980:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5964:
5962:
5960:
5956:
5952:
5945:
5940:
5938:
5933:
5931:
5926:
5925:
5922:
5910:
5905:
5900:
5898:
5888:
5887:
5884:
5878:
5875:
5871:
5868:
5866:
5863:
5862:
5861:
5858:
5856:
5855:Peter's Pence
5853:
5851:
5848:
5846:
5843:
5841:
5840:
5836:
5835:
5833:
5829:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5801:
5799:
5793:
5787:
5783:
5782:Vatican Radio
5780:
5778:
5774:
5769:
5767:
5763:
5760:
5757:
5756:
5755:
5752:
5751:
5749:
5743:
5731:
5728:
5727:
5725:
5723:
5719:
5717:
5714:
5712:
5709:
5707:
5704:
5701:
5699:
5696:
5694:
5690:
5688:
5687:Holy Apostles
5684:
5683:
5681:
5675:
5665:
5662:
5660:
5657:
5655:
5652:
5649:
5645:
5642:
5641:
5640:
5637:
5635:
5632:
5630:
5627:
5625:
5622:
5620:
5617:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5602:
5598:
5595:
5593:
5590:
5588:
5585:
5584:
5582:
5579:
5577:
5574:
5569:
5567:
5564:
5562:
5559:
5557:
5554:
5553:
5552:
5549:
5548:
5545:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5517:
5516:
5514:
5512:
5508:
5498:
5495:
5493:
5487:
5484:
5481:
5472:
5468:
5454:
5451:
5449:
5446:
5444:
5441:
5439:
5436:
5434:
5431:
5429:
5426:
5424:
5421:
5419:
5416:
5414:
5413:Anagni-Alatri
5411:
5409:
5406:
5405:
5403:
5401:
5397:
5391:
5388:
5386:
5383:
5382:
5380:
5378:
5374:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5338:
5335:
5334:
5332:
5330:
5326:
5323:
5319:
5314:
5310:
5304:
5298:
5292:
5289:
5287:
5284:
5282:
5279:
5278:
5276:
5274:
5270:
5267:
5263:
5262:Papal primacy
5258:
5254:
5248:
5242:
5230:
5227:
5226:
5225:
5222:
5218:
5215:
5214:
5213:
5210:
5206:
5203:
5202:
5201:
5198:
5192:
5189:
5188:
5187:
5184:
5183:
5182:
5179:
5177:
5174:
5170:
5167:
5166:
5165:
5162:
5160:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5141:
5137:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5123:Congregations
5121:
5119:
5116:
5112:
5109:
5108:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5099:
5098:
5097:
5094:
5093:
5091:
5089:
5085:
5077:
5074:
5073:
5072:
5069:
5067:
5064:
5063:
5061:
5059:
5055:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5038:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5018:
5017:
5015:
5013:
5009:
5006:
5002:
4997:
4994:international
4988:
4982:
4976:
4973:
4971:
4968:
4964:
4961:
4960:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4951:
4948:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4930:
4927:
4926:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4904:Duchy of Rome
4902:
4898:
4895:
4894:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4867:Apostolic see
4865:
4864:
4862:
4860:
4856:
4850:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4828:
4824:
4821:
4817:
4816:episcopal see
4814:
4811:
4810:
4807:
4803:
4796:
4791:
4789:
4784:
4782:
4777:
4776:
4773:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4749:
4739:
4738:
4735:
4727:
4724:
4723:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4685:
4682:
4681:
4680:
4677:
4673:
4670:
4669:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4658:
4655:
4650:
4646:
4645:
4644:
4641:
4640:
4638:
4634:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4605:Congregations
4603:
4601:
4598:
4594:
4591:
4590:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4580:
4579:
4576:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4563:
4562:
4559:
4558:
4556:
4552:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4514:
4511:
4510:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4486:
4484:
4482:
4478:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4459:
4458:
4456:
4452:
4446:
4443:
4439:
4436:
4435:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4422:
4419:
4418:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4363:
4361:
4359:
4355:
4349:
4346:
4342:
4339:
4338:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4310:
4307:
4306:
4305:
4302:
4298:
4297:
4293:
4290:
4286:
4285:
4284:
4281:
4277:
4274:
4273:
4272:
4269:
4268:
4266:
4262:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4234:
4231:
4230:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4218:Infallibility
4216:
4215:
4213:
4211:Proclamations
4209:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4172:Coats of arms
4170:
4169:
4167:
4165:
4161:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4096:
4092:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4067:
4065:
4063:
4059:
4052:
4048:
4045:
4042:
4039:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4026:
4025:
4022:
4019:
4016:
4015:
4013:
4009:
3995:
3992:
3988:
3983:
3980:
3979:
3978:
3974:
3970:
3967:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3957:
3952:
3948:
3938:
3935:
3934:
3933:
3930:
3929:
3928:
3924:
3920:
3919:
3916:
3912:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3901:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3888:
3884:
3880:
3876:
3871:
3867:
3860:
3855:
3853:
3848:
3846:
3841:
3840:
3837:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3813:
3803:
3802:
3799:
3793:
3790:
3787:
3784:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3767:
3765:
3761:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3737:
3735:
3731:
3725:
3722:
3721:
3719:
3717:
3713:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3697:
3693:
3689:
3688:
3684:
3682:
3681:
3677:
3676:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3657:Vatican Radio
3655:
3653:
3650:
3649:
3648:
3647:Vatican Media
3645:
3641:
3638:
3637:
3636:
3633:
3632:
3630:
3628:
3624:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3606:
3603:
3602:
3601:
3598:
3594:
3591:
3590:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3567:
3564:
3563:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3541:
3540:
3537:
3536:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3524:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3503:
3502:
3499:
3498:
3496:
3492:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3472:
3469:
3468:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3458:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3443:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3431:
3421:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3406:
3404:
3402:
3398:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3384:Congregations
3382:
3380:
3377:
3373:
3370:
3369:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3359:
3358:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3350:
3346:
3340:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3326:
3325:
3323:
3319:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3303:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3296:Vicar General
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3272:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3221:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3203:
3202:
3198:
3197:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3165:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3152:
3149:
3148:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3136:Casina Pio IV
3134:
3132:
3129:
3128:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3103:Pio Cristiano
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3065:
3063:
3061:
3057:
3049:
3048:Room of Tears
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3035:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3013:Raphael Rooms
3011:
3009:
3006:
3002:
3001:
2997:
2996:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2976:
2974:
2972:
2968:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2932:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2925:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2910:
2908:
2906:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2880:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2868:Borgo Vecchio
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2837:
2834:
2833:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2821:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2811:
2809:
2807:
2803:
2797:
2794:
2790:
2787:
2786:
2785:
2781:
2778:
2774:
2771:
2770:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2755:
2752:
2748:
2744:
2737:
2732:
2730:
2725:
2723:
2718:
2717:
2714:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2690:
2680:
2679:
2676:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2653:
2650:
2649:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2633:
2626:
2623:
2613:
2610:
2607:
2604:
2601:
2598:
2595:
2592:
2589:
2586:
2583:
2580:
2577:
2574:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2562:
2560:
2550:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2525:
2523:
2519:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2502:
2501:
2498:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2488:Pilgrim Shell
2486:
2484:
2481:
2480:
2479:
2476:
2475:
2473:
2467:
2459:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2429:
2427:
2425:
2419:
2415:
2408:
2403:
2401:
2396:
2394:
2389:
2388:
2385:
2374:
2370:
2363:
2356:
2352:
2347:
2345:
2337:
2333:
2327:
2320:
2315:
2313:
2304:
2300:
2293:
2285:
2281:
2275:
2264:
2263:
2258:
2251:
2244:
2238:
2231:
2226:
2219:
2215:
2214:
2207:
2205:
2197:
2196:public domain
2187:
2182:
2178:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2143:
2129:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2101:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2091:
2085:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2047:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2037:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2007:
2005:
2003:
2002:
1998:
1993:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1983:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1969:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1959:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1931:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1920:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1904:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1864:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1852:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1842:
1836:
1833:
1830:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1818:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1806:
1802:
1800:
1799:House of Cybo
1797:
1796:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1766:
1764:
1758:
1753:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1743:
1737:
1733:
1731:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1699:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1682:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1648:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1638:
1632:
1631:
1627:
1625:
1621:
1619:
1615:
1613:
1609:
1607:
1603:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1592:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1579:
1578:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1564:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1554:
1551:
1550:
1546:
1543:
1538:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1528:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1501:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1476:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1466:
1462:
1460:Current head
1459:
1457:Coat of arms
1456:
1453:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1262:(Barberini),
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1242:
1241:
1237:
1232:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1208:Pope Paul III
1205:
1201:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1179:
1176:The Duchy of
1174:
1171:
1170:Frederick III
1167:
1163:
1162:
1157:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1121:
1116:
1115:
1114:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1054:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1008:
1006:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
984:
980:
976:
972:
968:
964:
959:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
908:
906:
904:
903:prince-abbots
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
883:
877:
873:
869:
865:
860:
857:
856:
850:
846:
842:
841:
836:
831:
829:
825:
820:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
777:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
735:
732:
724:
714:
710:
704:
703:
698:This section
696:
692:
687:
686:
678:
676:
672:
667:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
628:
626:
621:
620:
614:
611:reformed the
610:
606:
602:
592:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
569:
564:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
521:
520:Duc de Loubat
516:
512:
511:Pope Leo XIII
508:
506:
502:
498:
494:
493:captured Rome
490:
486:
476:
474:
470:
465:
459:
455:
445:
443:
439:
435:
431:
425:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
394:Villa Farnese
390:
383:
380:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
345:Cesare Borgia
342:
338:
334:
330:
320:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
265:
262:
258:
242:
239:
231:
221:
217:
211:
210:
205:This section
203:
199:
194:
193:
185:
183:
179:
174:
170:
166:
162:
161:
156:
155:
150:
146:
142:
137:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
93:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
39:
33:
19:
6102:Early Modern
6002:Vatican City
6001:
5837:
5659:Beda College
5561:Scala Sancta
5385:Montecassino
5318:Vatican City
5001:Legal status
4970:World War II
4958:Vatican City
4953:Savoyard era
4924:Papal States
4840:Vatican City
4642:
4471:Shepherd One
4331:Inauguration
4296:Urbi et Orbi
4294:
4109:His Holiness
4018:Vatican City
4011:Headquarters
3951:Vatican City
3913:
3891:Jurisdiction
3775:Cricket team
3745:Coat of arms
3694:
3685:
3678:
3652:Vatican News
3578:Demographics
3556:Architecture
3544:AT telescope
3261:Vatican Hill
3199:
3108:Ethnographic
2998:
2922:
2843:Leonine City
2743:Vatican City
2646:
2619: 1980s
2554:distinctions
2372:
2368:
2362:
2354:
2335:
2331:
2326:
2302:
2292:
2283:
2274:
2260:
2250:
2242:
2237:
2225:
2212:
2181:
1999:
1975:
1858:
1812:
1705:Mario Chigi
1628:
1610:Marquess of
1575:
1570:
1547:
1454:Noble house
1446:noble houses
1443:
1440:Noble houses
1436:
1305:The Lombard
1233:
1224:War of Parma
1175:
1158:
1133:Frederick II
1117:
1091:Risorgimento
1060:
1024:
1020:
1014:
1007:
985:was a papal
981:). American
975:Rose Kennedy
960:
952:Papal States
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
914:
907:
861:
838:
832:
824:Papal States
821:
793:Latin Empire
778:
747:
727:
718:
707:Please help
702:verification
699:
668:
629:
598:
565:
509:
489:Papal States
487:annexed the
482:
469:Benedict XIV
451:
426:
413:
384:
326:
266:
254:
234:
225:
214:Please help
209:verification
206:
158:
152:
138:
99:
82:Papal States
65:
63:
6169:Switzerland
5977:Netherlands
5877:Swiss Guard
5624:Palazzo Pio
5128:Dicasteries
5106:Commissions
5096:Roman Curia
4975:Warsaw Pact
4691:Swiss Guard
4610:Dicasteries
4588:Commissions
4578:Roman Curia
4498:Swiss Guard
4271:Arbitration
4100:Papal names
3989:along with
3549:observatory
3414:Swiss Guard
3389:Dicasteries
3367:Commissions
3357:Roman Curia
3088:Chiaramonti
3028:Scala Regia
2940:Papal tombs
2863:Borgo Nuovo
2836:Papal tombs
2664:Swiss Guard
2557:(selection)
2528:Golden Rose
2303:patheos.com
1894:Montelanico
1376:Ronciglione
1374:, Falcino,
1278:(Massimo),
1129:Montefeltro
1041:Reconquista
940:Roman count
932:papal count
864:parliaments
613:papal court
561:Hunts Point
545:Pope Pius X
541:Annie Leary
464:Urbem Romam
317:Innocent VI
301:Bentivoglio
251:Middle Ages
70:aristocracy
54:Benedict XV
18:Papal Count
6139:Montenegro
5860:Roman Rota
5758:Papal farm
5691:Palace of
5583:Hill area
5471:Properties
5357:Palestrina
5229:Concordats
5088:Government
5058:Governance
4545:Theologian
4489:Camerlengo
4461:Popemobile
4321:Consistory
4316:Coronation
4289:Pontifical
4276:Deposition
4264:Activities
4240:Encyclical
4202:Umbraculum
3875:Episcopate
3418:See also:
3349:Government
3321:Governance
3068:Historical
3038:altarpiece
3023:Sala Regia
2773:Properties
2375:: 136–143.
2173:References
2084:Pitigliano
1736:Campagnano
1734:Prince of
1604:Prince of
1372:Vignanello
1346:Ferentillo
1311:Pontecorvo
1288:Campagnano
1252:Valmontone
1248:Palestrina
1216:Julius III
1021:ex officio
928:Countess X
882:ex officio
878:served as
595:Since 1946
483:After the
307:, and the
297:Da Polenta
126:Pentapolis
96:Background
6129:Lithuania
5766:Barberini
5581:Gianicolo
5475:including
5309:Vicariate
5253:universal
5191:in Geneva
5036:Cardinals
5012:Officials
4985:Sovereign
4813:Apostolic
4566:cardinals
4520:Gentlemen
4508:Palatinus
4494:Commander
4481:Household
4445:Zucchetto
4386:Flabellum
4358:Vestments
4341:High Mass
4326:Diplomacy
4255:Interdict
3583:Languages
3501:Transport
3286:Elections
3229:Fountains
3073:Paintings
2883:Geography
2257:"Zuccaro"
1903:Torriglia
1876:Borgotaro
1624:Peschiera
1622:Count of
1616:Count of
1612:Romagnano
1296:Cerveteri
1276:Triggiano
1243:(Colonna)
1228:Philip II
1220:Charles V
1187:Julius II
1137:Eugene IV
1079:Le Marche
1063:statehood
995:Genevieve
855:monsignor
721:July 2021
681:Structure
479:1870–1946
473:Patrician
448:1800–1870
422:Bracciano
398:Caprarola
353:Julius II
333:Le Marche
293:Malatesta
289:Scaligeri
281:Ordelaffi
228:July 2021
182:feudalism
160:Comitatus
145:Benevento
102:Patrician
90:patrician
6196:Category
6149:Portugal
6097:Medieval
5831:See also
5352:Frascati
5224:Treaties
5118:Councils
5046:Advisers
4802:Holy See
4721:Antipope
4696:Papabile
4600:Councils
4525:Preacher
4503:Chaplain
4421:Slippers
4401:Mozzetta
4304:Conclave
4283:Blessing
4051:cathedra
3969:Enclaved
3900:Holy See
3716:Religion
3702:Pope2you
3561:Archives
3506:Heliport
3401:Military
3379:Councils
3275:Politics
2768:Holy See
2747:articles
2635:See also
2140:See also
1394:Belmonte
1352:Tusculum
1272:Prossedi
1256:Anticoli
1166:Rudolf I
1107:Rudolf I
1105:, 1201;
1037:heraldic
1025:ad vitam
1003:dukedoms
920:Countess
847:and the
815:, 1217;
797:Portugal
791:, 1204;
787:, 1059;
766:viscount
454:Pius VII
416:for the
365:Paul III
285:Manfredi
277:signoria
74:Holy See
68:are the
60:in 1923.
6179:Galicia
6174:Ukraine
6154:Romania
6119:Ireland
6114:Iceland
6085:Ancient
6081:Greece
6077:Germany
6072:Georgia
6055:Finland
6045:Croatia
6035:Bohemia
6025:Armenia
6020:Albania
5972:Denmark
5967:Belgium
5745:Outside
5453:Viterbo
5390:Subiaco
5247:of Rome
5245:Diocese
5023:Francis
4859:History
4829:of the
4823:Francis
4706:Legends
4672:in Rome
4636:Related
4530:Prefect
4496:of the
4406:Pallium
4366:Camauro
4164:Symbols
3960:outline
3937:History
3932:Primacy
3925:of the
3918:Francis
3877:of the
3788:(Women)
3733:Symbols
3588:Library
3527:Culture
3485:Tourism
3446:Banking
3434:Economy
3331:Francis
3158:Gardens
3043:ceiling
2806:History
2784:Francis
2763:Outline
2220:Library
1899:Marquis
1885:Meldola
1730:Farnese
1721:Ariccia
1678:Marquis
1463:Titles
1404:Foligno
1400:Perugia
1364:Bettona
1342:Rignano
1338:Calcata
1300:Parrano
1292:Meldola
1284:Farnese
1260:Roviano
1240:Paliano
1123:(1155,
1103:Otto IV
1101:, 756;
1097:, 728;
1089:to the
987:marquis
924:Count X
889:of the
876:Cologne
813:Corsica
809:Tuscany
805:Hungary
803:, 925;
801:Croatia
758:marquis
640:marquis
609:Paul VI
517:as the
458:Pius IX
379:palazzi
369:Farnese
273:podesta
188:History
169:marquis
141:Spoleto
122:Perugia
72:of the
58:Pius XI
6164:Serbia
6159:Russia
6144:Poland
6090:Attica
6065:Empire
6060:France
6040:Bosnia
5992:Sweden
5982:Norway
5845:Awards
5764:Villa
5489:Inside
5478:extra-
5448:Tivoli
5362:Albano
5273:Synods
5251:with
5217:Nuncio
4897:Museum
4847:under
4827:bishop
4617:Synods
4391:Mantle
4381:Ferula
4348:Travel
4095:Titles
3984:, 1929
3923:bishop
3879:bishop
3866:Papacy
3763:Sports
3740:Anthem
2745:
2627:(1977)
2608:(1867)
2602:(1860)
2596:(1823)
2590:(1909)
2584:(1905)
2578:(1870)
2572:(1870)
2462:Orders
2422:Orders
1881:Prince
1872:Prince
1835:etc...
1789:etc...
1726:Prince
1630:etc...
1606:Angera
1486:Prince
1428:Faenza
1420:Cesena
1416:Rimini
1412:Pesaro
1382:Ancona
1360:Spello
1322:Latera
1318:Castro
1280:Canino
1264:Arsoli
1195:Reggio
1191:Modena
1075:Umbria
973:, and
874:, and
785:Sicily
774:knight
750:prince
744:Titles
646:, and
632:prince
438:Pius V
430:Prince
373:bishop
341:Medici
339:. The
337:Umbria
305:d'Este
303:, the
299:, the
295:, the
291:, the
287:, the
283:, the
149:County
6134:Malta
6124:Italy
5987:Spain
5438:Rieti
5408:Gaeta
5337:Ostia
5176:Italy
5169:Heads
4991:under
4649:Black
4554:Staff
4433:Tiara
4416:Shoes
4396:Mitre
4376:Fanon
4371:Falda
4182:Cross
4041:Italy
3977:Italy
3956:index
3782:(Men)
3627:Media
3600:Music
3306:Crime
2924:PietĂ
2758:Index
2080:Count
1618:Arona
1432:Imola
1424:Forlì
1390:Riano
1386:Fermo
1368:Fondi
1356:Segni
1071:Lazio
954:were
916:Count
872:Trier
868:Mainz
845:Curia
770:baron
762:count
648:baron
644:count
180:. As
178:Baron
165:march
154:Comes
86:fiefs
5795:Non-
5747:Rome
5677:Non-
5492:Rome
5313:Rome
5041:List
5020:Pope
4820:Pope
4571:list
4438:List
4336:Mass
4309:List
4233:List
4228:Bull
4197:Rota
3973:Rome
3915:Pope
3883:Rome
3750:Flag
3593:film
3511:Rail
3461:.va
3328:Pope
3118:Maps
2780:Pope
2336:s.v.
1890:Duke
1717:Duke
1670:Nemi
1666:Duke
1520:Duke
1430:and
1408:Fano
1362:and
1320:and
1286:and
1258:and
1234:The
1193:and
1159:The
1118:The
1023:and
997:and
901:and
772:and
754:duke
636:duke
491:and
404:and
335:and
143:and
124:and
118:Rome
104:and
78:Pope
64:The
4996:law
4838:of
4825:as
4818:of
3971:in
3921:as
3881:of
3301:Law
2373:1–4
2082:of
1901:of
1892:of
1883:of
1874:of
1728:of
1719:of
1668:of
1238:of
711:by
559:at
436:by
420:at
396:in
275:or
218:by
110:Dux
52:by
6198::
5311::
3975:,
3958:,
2782::
2616:c.
2353:,
2343:^
2311:^
2301:.
2282:.
2259:.
2203:^
1426:,
1422:,
1418:,
1414:,
1410:,
1406:,
1402:,
1392:,
1388:,
1384:,
1370:,
1366:,
1358:,
1354:,
1344:,
1340:,
1298:,
1274:,
1270:,
1266:,
1254:,
1250:,
1077:,
1073:,
1053:.
958:.
897:,
870:,
859:.
830:.
776:.
768:,
764:,
760:,
756:,
752:,
677:.
666:.
642:,
638:,
634:,
587:,
475:.
424:.
363:.
331:,
157:,
120:,
5943:e
5936:t
5929:v
5320:)
5315:,
5307:(
5264:)
5260:(
5147:)
5143:(
5003:)
4999:(
4949:"
4945:"
4794:e
4787:t
4780:v
4651:"
4647:"
4291:"
4287:"
4053:)
4049:(
4043::
4020::
3962:)
3954:(
3907:)
3903:(
3858:e
3851:t
3844:v
2822:"
2818:"
2735:e
2728:t
2721:v
2621:)
2614:(
2406:e
2399:t
2392:v
2305:.
2198:.
1155:)
942:/
934:/
926:/
918:/
734:)
728:(
723:)
719:(
705:.
241:)
235:(
230:)
226:(
212:.
34:.
20:)
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