1114:
25:
344:
69:
312:
Physical exam has specificity of 77% and sensitivity of nearly 94% when the patient is noted to be tender over adnexa during physical examination with a history of postcoital pain for differentiating pelvic congestion syndrome from other pathologies of pelvic origin. Confirmatory imaging requires
296:
is the diagnostic term for swelling in the valveless venous distribution of the male pampiniform plexus, this embryological structure, common to males and females, is often incidentally noted to be swollen during laproscopic examinations in both symptomatic and asymptomatic females. Diagnosis of
308:
due to the identical embryological origin of the valveless pampiniform plexus, this condition is thought to be underdiagnosed due to the broad differential of the pain pattern: unilateral or bilateral pain, dull to sharp, constant to intermittent pain worsening with any increase in abdominal
288:
In females, the pampiniform plexus drains the ovaries. The right ovary drains to the pampiniform plexus to the ovarian vein to the inferior vena cava. The left ovary drains to the pampiniform plexus, left ovarian vein, then the left renal vein, to the inferior vena cava.
1134:
301:, should be expected to be as frequent as male varicocele (15% of healthy asymptomatic men which are thought to develop primarily during puberty and prevalence increases approximately 10% per decade of life).
599:
269:
In addition to its function in venous return from the testes, the pampiniform plexus also plays a role in the temperature regulation of the testes. It acts as a
158:
400:
Tu, Frank F.; Hahn, David; Steege, John F. (May 2010). "Pelvic
Congestion Syndrome-Associated Pelvic Pain: A Systematic Review of Diagnosis and Management".
568:
592:
130:
585:
384:
541: – Histology Learning System at Boston University - "Male Reproductive System: spermatic cord, pampiniform plexus"
494:
O'Brien, Marlene T.; Gillespie, David L. (January 2015). "Diagnosis and treatment of the pelvic congestion syndrome".
276:, cooling blood in adjacent arteries. An abnormal enlargement of the pampiniform plexus is a medical condition called
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333:, vascular countercurrent heat- and mass-exchanging structures found in many vertebrate organs
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Please expand the article to include this information. Further details may exist on the
1082:
755:
651:
471:
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317:, while the gold standard remains ovarian and iliac catheter venography showing veins
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Knowledge articles incorporating text from the 20th edition of Gray's
Anatomy (1918)
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429:
1144:
1077:
1040:
980:
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535:
at the SUNY Downstate
Medical Center - "Inguinal Region, Scrotum and Testes: Veins"
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266:, at a right angle. The pampiniform plexus forms the chief mass of the cord.
199:
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725:
709:
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254:, coalesce to form two veins. These again unite to form a single vein, the
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Alsaikhan, Bader; Alrabeeah, Khalid; Delouya, Guila; Zini, Armand (2016).
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at the
University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center - "Spermatic cord"
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about pampiniform plexus in female - the origin of the ovarian veins.
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While one may expect that the female to have equal prevalence of
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at The
Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (
24:
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219:
442:
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they unite to form three or four veins, which pass along the
113:
553:—Plastination Laboratory at the Medical University of Vienna
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496:
Journal of
Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders
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262:, at an acute angle, and on the left side into the left
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214:. In the male, it is formed by the union of multiple
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119:plexus venosus pampiniformis, plexus pampiniformis
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67:
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258:, which opens on the right side into the
234:The veins of the plexus ascend along the
250:, and, entering the abdomen through the
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402:Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey
348:This article incorporates text in the
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551:Cross section image: pembody/body18b
18:
16:Vein network in the human sex organs
377:First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 2013
297:female varicocele, properly called
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14:
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375:Le, Tao; Bhushan, Vikas (2013).
342:
313:ultrasound while performing the
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212:suspensory ligament of the ovary
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436:
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1:
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321:in diameter during Valsalva.
445:"Epidemiology of varicocele"
414:10.1097/OGX.0b013e3181e0976f
379:. McGraw Hill Professional.
194: 'tendril' and
7:
356:of the 20th edition of
324:
306:pelvic compression syndrome
299:pelvic compression syndrome
10:
1161:
930:deep circumflex iliac vein
508:10.1016/j.jvsv.2014.05.007
449:Asian Journal of Andrology
202:– a network of many small
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666:To IVC or left renal vein
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539:Histology image: 17304ooa
244:superficial inguinal ring
222:and tributaries from the
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533:Anatomy photo:36:st-0701
462:10.4103/1008-682X.172640
206:found in the human male
683:central veins of liver
545:Histology image: 81_05
166:Anatomical terminology
34:is missing information
872:vaginal plexus/vein ♀
218:from the back of the
1016:right gastroepiploic
719:pampiniform plexus ♂
1021:pancreaticoduodenal
1008:Superior mesenteric
986:inferior mesenteric
976:left gastroepiploic
925:inferior epigastric
861:posterior scrotal ♂
847:prostatic plexus ♂
198: 'form') is a
1140:Veins of the torso
756:median sacral vein
260:inferior vena cava
252:deep inguinal ring
184:pampiniform plexus
62:Pampiniform plexus
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386:978-0-07-180233-8
315:Valsalva maneuver
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892:bulb of penis ♂
852:deep of penis ♂
830:uterine plexus ♀
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216:testicular veins
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455:(2): 179–181.
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271:countercurrent
248:inguinal canal
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1051:appendicular
1036:middle colic
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741:Common iliac
731:common iliac
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240:vas deferens
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131:A12.3.09.015
118:
45:
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1041:right colic
948:Portal vein
896:vestibule ♀
309:pressure.
230:In the male
108:Identifiers
84:Drains from
1129:Categories
1078:esophageal
996:left colic
981:pancreatic
856:clitoris ♀
785:iliolumbar
776:posterior:
695:suprarenal
338:References
294:varicocele
278:varicocele
264:renal vein
224:epididymis
210:, and the
186:(from
92:epididymis
1046:ileocolic
825:uterine ♀
820:obturator
806:anterior:
710:ovarian ♀
640:subcostal
354:page 1240
98:Drains to
40:talk page
865:labial ♀
749:Unpaired
657:Systemic
516:26993690
481:26763551
430:27110647
422:20591203
325:See also
192:pampinus
88:Testicle
1145:Scrotum
1119:Anatomy
1026:jejunal
963:Splenic
837:vesical
705:gonadal
678:hepatic
613:abdomen
611:of the
573:Rutgers
569:Diagram
472:4770482
79:Details
1105:Portal
1069:cystic
1062:Direct
953:Portal
726:lumbar
628:system
626:azygos
617:pelvis
514:
479:
469:
428:
420:
383:
362:(1918)
292:While
220:testis
1031:ileal
700:renal
609:Veins
426:S2CID
352:from
204:veins
196:forma
190:
188:Latin
170:[
159:19607
114:Latin
615:and
512:PMID
477:PMID
418:PMID
381:ISBN
182:The
147:5019
143:5016
126:TA98
652:IVC
624:To
571:at
504:doi
467:PMC
457:doi
410:doi
154:FMA
138:TA2
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
