Palladian architecture

1135: 568: 1337: 1434: 33: 1239: 478: 756: 878: 410: 278: 1329:, built in 1758–1762. A particular feature of American Palladianism was the re-emergence of the great portico which, as in Italy, fulfilled the need of protection from the sun; the portico in various forms and size became a dominant feature of American colonial architecture. In the north European countries the portico had become a mere symbol, often closed, or merely hinted at in the design by pilasters, and sometimes in very late examples of English Palladianism adapted to become a 47: 1011: 1518: 928: 643: 966:, to ensure they are seen as of Palladian design. This development of the style was to be repeated in many houses and town halls in Britain over one hundred years. Often the terminating blocks would have blind porticos and pilasters themselves, competing for attention with, or complementing the central block. This was all very far removed from the designs of Palladio two hundred years earlier. Falling from favour during the 1609: 8629: 1690:; "The proportions and principles become clear in the ground-plan with positively mathematical precision. The porticos take up half the width of the cubical central building. The column entrance halls and flights of steps each correspond to half the depth of the core of the building. In other words, the sum of the four porticos and flights of steps covers the same area as the main building." 469:, were designed not only to be functional but also to complement and accentuate the villa. Palladio did not intend them to be part of the main house, but the development of the wings to become integral parts of the main building – undertaken by Palladio's followers in the 18th century – became one of the defining characteristics of Palladianism. 458:: "beauty will result from the form and correspondence of the whole, with respect to the several parts, of the parts with regard to each other, and of these again to the whole; that the structure may appear an entire and complete body, wherein each member agrees with the other, and all necessary to compose what you intend to form." 586:. It is perhaps this extensive use of the motif in the Veneto that has given the window its alternative name of the Venetian window. Whatever the name or the origin, this form of window has become one of the most enduring features of Palladio's work seen in the later architectural styles evolved from Palladianism. According to 1021:

During the Palladian revival period in Ireland, even modest mansions were cast in a neo-Palladian mould. Irish Palladian architecture subtly differs from the England style. While adhering as in other countries to the basic ideals of Palladio, it is often truer to them. In Ireland, Palladianism became

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in 1613–1614, annotating his copy of Palladio's treatise. The "Palladianism" of Jones and his contemporaries and later followers was a style largely of façades, with the mathematical formulae dictating layout not strictly applied. A handful of country houses in England built between 1640 and 1680 are

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During the 17th century, many architects studying in Italy learned of Palladio's work, and on returning home adopted his style, leading to its widespread use across Europe and North America. Isolated forms of Palladianism throughout the world were brought about in this way, although the style did not

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considers it "the most splendid Palladian house in England". The main block of the house followed Palladio's dictates, but his low, often detached, wings of farm buildings were elevated in significance. Kent attached them to the design, banished the farm animals, and elevated the wings to almost the

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floor with secondary bedrooms and accommodation. The proportions of each room (for example, height and width) within the villa were calculated on simple mathematical ratios like 3:4 and 4:5. The arrangement of the different rooms within the house, and the external façades, were similarly determined.

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The Baroque style proved highly popular in continental Europe, but was often viewed with suspicion in England, where it was considered "theatrical, exuberant and Catholic." It was superseded in Britain in the first quarter of the 18th century when four books highlighted the simplicity and purity of

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as an alternative to the portico. This is most simply described as a recessed portico, or an internal single storey room with pierced walls that are open to the elements. Occasionally a loggia would be placed at second floor level over the top of another loggia, creating what was known as a double

1940:, notes that the arrangement developed by Palladio with the wings of the villa containing farm buildings was never followed in England. Although there are examples in Ireland and in North America, such "a close connection between house and farm was entirely at variance with the English tradition". 1001:

on Whitehall epitomised "the establishment of Palladianism as the official style of Great Britain". As the style peaked, thoughts of mathematical proportion were swept away. Rather than square houses with supporting wings, these buildings had the length of the façade as their major consideration:

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Inigo Jones met Scamozzi in Venice in 1613–1614 and the former's acerbic criticisms of the latter, "in this as in most things Scamozzi errs", have been much analysed by architectural historians. Nonetheless, Giles Worsley notes the large number of books and drawings by Scamozzi Jones held in his

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by Campbell, The series contains architectural prints of British buildings inspired by the great architects from Vitruvius to Palladio; at first mainly those of Inigo Jones, but the later works contained drawings and plans by Campbell and other 18th-century architects. These four books greatly

1044:(1699–1733) became a leading advocate. He was a cousin of Sir John Vanbrugh, and originally one of his pupils. He rejected the Baroque style, and spent three years studying architecture in France and Italy before returning to Ireland. His most important Palladian work is the former 916:

same importance as the house itself. It was the development of the flanking wings that was to cause English Palladianism to evolve from being a pastiche of Palladio's original work. Wings were frequently adorned with porticos and pediments, often resembling, as at the much later

1551:, remembering the origins of Palladianism in ancient temples, considered it pagan, and unsuited to Anglican and Anglo-Catholic worship. In North America, Palladianism lingered a little longer; Thomas Jefferson's floor plans and elevations owe a great deal to Palladio's 989:. But the grander English Palladian houses were no longer the small but exquisite weekend retreats that their Italian counterparts were intended as. They had become "power houses", in Sir John Summerson's words, the symbolic centres of the triumph and dominance of the 1677:, writes; "The portico is so strongly associated today with the country house, and specifically with Palladio's villas, it is easy to forget that, outside of the Veneto, it was principally associated with religious buildings until the late seventeenth century". 3422: 846:

contributed to Palladian architecture becoming established in 18th-century Britain. Campbell and Kent became the most fashionable and sought-after architects of the era. Campbell had placed his 1715 designs for the colossal

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that unifies the motif, is not Palladian, though Richard Boyle seems to have assumed it was so, in using a drawing in his possession showing three such features in a plain wall. Modern scholarship attributes the drawing to

1235:. Jefferson later made substantial alterations to Monticello, known as the second Monticello (1802–1809), making the Hammond-Harwood House the only remaining house in North America modelled directly on a Palladian design. 2073:

In a letter to James Oldham, dated Christmas Eve 1804, Jefferson wrote, "there never was a Palladio here even in private hands until I brought one. I send you my portable edition. It contains only the 1st book on the

2512: 1543:, so much so that their forms of architecture became defined as neoclassical rather than Palladian. In Europe, the Palladian revival ended by the close of the 18th century. In the 19th century, proponents of the 1273:

campus were all based on illustrations from Palladio's book. Realising the political significance of ancient Roman architecture to the fledgling American Republic, Jefferson designed his civic buildings, such as

5630: 634:; the remaining fragment is one wing of what was intended to be one of two flanking wings to a vast Palladian house. The scheme was never completed and parts of what was built have since been demolished. 4237: 1577:

suggests a continuing influence of Palladio's ideas on architects of the 20th century. In the 21st century Palladio's name regularly appears among the world's most influential architects. In England,

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Palladio considered the dual purpose of his villas as the centres of farming estates and weekend retreats. These symmetrical temple-like houses often have equally symmetrical, but low, wings, or

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is often misused in modern discourse and tends to be used to describe buildings with any classical pretensions. There was a revival of a more serious Palladian approach in the 20th century when

900:. This house was a reinterpretation of Palladio's Villa Capra, but purified of 16th century elements and ornament. This severe lack of ornamentation was to be a feature of English Palladianism. 854:, immediately following the engravings of buildings by Jones and Webb, "as an exemplar of what new architecture should be". On the strength of the book, Campbell was chosen as the architect for 5394: 958:

monastery, be retained. The central block is small, has only three bays, while the temple-like portico is merely suggested, and is closed. Two great flanking wings containing a vast suite of

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replace the walls or colonnades which should have connected to the farm buildings; the farm buildings terminating the structure are elevated in height to match the central block and given

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series, considers the building, "arguably the most accomplished public set-piece of the Palladian style in ". Pearce was a prolific architect who went on to design the southern façade of

175:, has been described as "the most splendid Palladian house in England". By the middle of the century Palladianism had become almost the national architectural style, epitomised by Kent's 127:. Palladianism returned to fashion after a reaction against the Baroque in the early 18th century, fuelled by the publication of a number of architectural books, including Palladio's own 6359: 6195: 1398:

describes Castle Coole as "a culmination of the Palladian traditions, yet strictly neoclassical in its chaste ornament and noble austerity", while Alistair Rowan, in his 1979 volume,

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Palladio's description of the Villa Capra includes the commentary; "One enjoys the most beautiful views on all sides and for this reason, porticos have been built on all four sides."

954:, a protégé of Burlington. Flitcroft's designs, while Palladian in nature, had to comply with the Duke's determination that the plan and footprint of the earlier house, originally a 3412: 3456: 5132: 1977:

stamp on the city; however, due to poor planning and poverty, Dublin was until recently one of the few cities where fine 18th-century housing could be seen in ruinous condition.

1076:(1691–1737). It is perhaps the only Palladian house in Ireland built with Palladio's mathematical ratios, and one of a number of Irish mansions which inspired the design of the 454:

Earlier architects had used these formulas for balancing a single symmetrical façade; however, Palladio's designs related to the entire structure. Palladio set out his views in

206:, begun in 1741, was based on Campbell's Wanstead House. Later in the century, when the style was losing favour in Europe, Palladianism had a surge in popularity throughout the 5801: 1298: 2836: 151:, a building he designed on the outskirts of London and one of the largest and most influential of the early neo-Palladian houses. The movement's resurgence was championed by 5470: 1406:

series, suggests that, at Coole, Wyatt designed a building, "more massy, more masculine and more totally liberated from Palladian practice than anything he had done before."

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in between each window, and doubles the small columns supporting the side lintels, placing the second column behind rather than beside the first. This was introduced in the

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design of that building, particularly of the South façade which closely resembles Wyatt's 1790 design for Castle Coole, suggests that Coole is perhaps the more direct

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in Vicenza, where it is used on both storeys; this feature was less often copied. The openings in this elaboration are not strictly windows, as they enclose a loggia.

3960: 5620: 1785:, known in Venice as San Stae, 1709, which was among the most sober in a competition that was commemorated with engravings of the submitted designs, and he rebuilt 4427: 1413:, Nathalie Clerk notes its particular impact on public architecture, as opposed to the private houses in the United States. One example of historical note is the 5271: 4604: 564:

suggests that the omission of the doubled columns may be allowed, but the term "Palladian motif" should be confined to cases where the larger order is present.

8987: 7148: 5328: 3255: 1622: 4233: 6020: 4020: 6760: 5501: 1017:(1722) – an Irish Palladian house where the wings flank, but are separate from the house and are joined by colonnades, closely following Palladio's approach 503:

The Venetian window has three parts: a central high round-arched opening, and two smaller rectangular openings to the sides. The side windows are topped by

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is a Palladian mansion that first burnt down in 1922. The reconstructed house was again destroyed by fire in 2005 and was rebuilt in a Palladian style by

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rather than drawn from Palladio himself. Lees-Milne describes the Burlington window as "the earliest example of the revived Venetian window in England".

590:, its first appearance in Britain was in the remodelled wings of Burlington House, London, where the immediate source was in the English court architect 269:

are evident in the design of many modern buildings, while its inspirer is regularly cited as having been among the world's most influential architects.

3582: 7585: 5384: 4994: 4533: 4503: 1741:'s home in Virginia. The centrepiece of the New Room, and installed during Washington's second rebuilding, the window draws heavily on a design from 100:

traditions. In the 17th and 18th centuries, Palladio's interpretation of this classical architecture developed into the style known as Palladianism.

465:, sweeping away from them to accommodate horses, farm animals, and agricultural stores. The wings, sometimes detached and connected to the villa by 8060: 517: 449:(noble level), accessed through a portico reached by a flight of external steps, containing the principal reception and bedrooms; and lastly a low 6082:

Freschi, Federico (2017). "Poetry in Pidgin – Notes on the Persistence of Classicism in the Architecture of Johannesburg". In Grant Parker (ed.).

2467: 1119: 675:, proved to be the movement's most able proponent; in his writings, Palladio's visual inheritance became increasingly codified and moved towards 3735: 3687: 3492: 2785: 2710: 2674: 393:

were built on all sides to enable the residents to appreciate the countryside while remaining protected from the sun. Palladio sometimes used a

4719: 6339: 6155: 4633: 3156: 7065: 6856: 3101: 2108:; "modern Catholics have formed the types of their churches from the detestable models of pagan error, raising temples in imitation of the 1418: 7259: 5860: 4309: 3444: 4968: 1877:

writes; "It was a book with a message, the superiority of ‘antique simplicity’ over the ‘affected and licentious’ forms of the Baroque".

4749: 4529: 5125: 1168:(1727), which he may have brought with him from London. Palladio's work was included in the library of a thousand volumes amassed for 525:) expounding the ideals of Vitruvius and Roman architecture. It can be used in series, but is often only used once in a façade, as at 366:, who adhered to principles of classical Roman architecture based on mathematical proportions rather than the ornamental style of the 8543: 8147: 5781: 3909: 291:. The flanking pavilions are agricultural buildings not part of the villa. In the 18th century, the connecting colonnades evolved as 2832: 8201: 5460: 17: 4090: 7335: 7242: 4663: 4449: 3757: 3210: 884:, South front (1734) – the four flanking wings are elevated, in height and importance, almost to the status of the central block. 663:

in Venice manifested itself as a return to Palladian principles. The earliest neo-Palladians there were the exact contemporaries

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the "man responsible for this curious elevation of Palladianism to the rank of a quasi-religion". In 1729 he and Kent designed

7685: 4499: 4282: 3628: 3369: 2105: 61:) – features of the house were incorporated in numerous Palladian-style houses throughout Europe over the following centuries. 9041: 8169: 7578: 7303: 6968: 6945: 6914: 6873: 6800: 6774: 6749: 6700: 6642: 6615: 6565: 6534: 6511: 6484: 6437: 6414: 6391: 6353: 6328: 6302: 6276: 6253: 6227: 6144: 6118: 6095: 6072: 6049: 6014: 5989: 5963: 5916: 5854: 5826: 5795: 5767: 5740: 5705: 4795: 4745: 4361: 2614: 1322: 1110:

and far more flamboyant than the interiors of their contemporaries in England. In the 20th century, during and following the

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Palladian, Serlian, or Venetian windows are a trademark of Palladio's early career. There are two different versions of the

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considers Burlington, "one of the most potent influences on the development of English architecture in its entire history".

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Palladio's influence in North America is evident almost from its first architect-designed buildings. The Irish philosopher

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Palladian designs advocated by Jones were too closely associated with the court of Charles I to survive the turmoil of the

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Modern scholarship suggests that Campbell's talents as a copyist and self-publicist exceeded his architectural ability.

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Article on Palladian architecture in colonial Singapore, published by the Department of Architecture and Urban Planning

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A design by Burlington for a Kitchen block at Tottenham draws inspiration very directly from a Palladio design for the

1279: 219: 8871: 7188: 7095: 5267: 4829: 4593: 4120: 3883: 1456: 943: 195: 5318: 3245: 500:, and the more elaborate a Palladian window or "Palladian motif", although this distinction is not always observed. 249:

in both Europe and in North America. By the middle of that century, both were challenged and then superseded by the

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used it in his designs for the Houses of Parliament, and it appears in his executed designs for the north front of

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The most influential follower of Palladio was Inigo Jones, who travelled throughout Italy with the art collector

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while the pavilions often became self-contained wings or blocks – a common feature of 18th century Palladianism

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notes that the placing of the Venetian windows in each end bay was, in fact, "something Palladio never did."

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Architectural styles evolve and change to suit the requirements of each individual client. When in 1746 the

8725: 8364: 8308: 8164: 8124: 8107: 8097: 8001: 7996: 7320: 7296: 7210: 7200: 6630: 5755: 3574: 1536: 1414: 1403: 1321:(1734). The distinctive feature of Drayton Hall, its two-storey portico, was derived from Palladio, as was 1216: 1053: 994: 982: 981:

The villa tradition continued throughout the late 18th century, particularly in the suburbs around London.

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The Palladian inspiration for modern British architects has not always been appreciated. In an article in

2091:, a builder's guide first published in London in 1734, the year when the doorways may have been installed. 1455:

the adoption in his own country of the architectural style Burlington had introduced in England. By 1741,

406:'s focal point is a loggia rather than a portico, with loggias terminating each end of the main building. 8881: 8831: 8266: 8134: 8082: 7991: 7728: 7633: 7499: 7051: 1769: 1581:(1904–1973) drew on Palladian inspirations, and was followed in this by his pupil, subsequently partner, 1544: 1422: 250: 115:

has been described as the first English Palladian building. Its development faltered at the onset of the

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The Palladian style was also widely used throughout Europe, often in response to English influences. In

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Sheridan, Pat (2014). "Sir Edward Lovett Pearce 1699–1733: the Palladian architect and his buildings".

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long houses often only one room deep were deliberately deceitful in giving a false impression of size.

863: 762:(1722) – among the first, and largest, of the Neo-Palladian houses; the image is from Colen Campbell's 727: 664: 440: 7646: 2440: 261:. In the 20th and 21st centuries, Palladianism has continued to evolve as an architectural style; its 8876: 8665: 8588: 8574: 8478: 8461: 8425: 8281: 8117: 8050: 7865: 7840: 7825: 3721: 3673: 3478: 2771: 2696: 2660: 2061: 1995: 1824: 1803: 1686:

Wundram and Pape describe Palladio's approach in the chapter on the Villa Capra in their 2004 study,

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critiqued Erith and Terry's work as "photocopy-Palladian, classical details stuck onto dull boxes".

1157: 1023: 450: 1827:. Summerson described it as "a document fraught with great significance for English architecture." 257:, remembering the origins of Palladianism in ancient temples, deemed the style too pagan for true 8695: 8670: 8660: 8495: 8369: 8038: 7795: 7690: 7610: 7594: 7552: 7535: 7444: 7362: 7011: 6452: 5981: 5955: 4629: 4422: 3148: 2007: 1987: 1539:

were in high demand, but were now drawing on a wide variety of classical sources, including from

1356: 998: 870:, the earliest 18th-century Palladian house in Wiltshire, which Campbell had also illustrated in 292: 176: 85: 7651: 3097: 1409:

Because of its later development, Palladian architecture in Canada is rarer. In her 1984 study,

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reach the zenith of its popularity until the 18th century. An early reaction to the excesses of

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The Gothic Revival 1720–1870 – Literary Sources and Documents: Gothic and National Architecture

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At Holkham, the four wings contain a chapel, a kitchen, a guest wing and a private family wing.

1845: 1521: 1344: 1270: 1266: 89: 4305: 9046: 8816: 8583: 8468: 8451: 8446: 8313: 7805: 7710: 7678: 7658: 7530: 7439: 7384: 7308: 7215: 6937: 6906: 6901:(1996). "The Villa and the Classical Country Houses". In John Harris; Michael Snodin (eds.). 6766: 6557: 6503: 6286: 6268: 6245: 6237: 6110: 6006: 5759: 4960: 4689: 4600: 2121: 2028: 1974: 1858: 1594: 1395: 1200: 1181: 1138: 816: 776: 739: 719: 582:

Palladio used these elements extensively, for example in very simple form in his entrance to

363: 163:, became celebrated. Burlington sponsored the career of the artist, architect and landscaper 143: 80:(1508–1580). What is today recognised as Palladian architecture evolved from his concepts of 4741: 4537: 2697:"Royal Academy including Burlington House and Galleries and Royal Academy Schools Buildings" 2149:'s Secular Retreat in Devon, a "countryside villa in the tradition of Andrea Palladio", and 1569:, (1947), in which he drew links between the compositional "rules" in Palladio's villas and 1192:, while his plan for the Newport Brick Market, conceived a decade later, is also Palladian. 567: 8505: 8500: 8441: 8389: 8318: 8286: 7961: 7860: 7855: 7820: 7755: 7750: 7745: 7740: 7735: 7540: 7399: 7389: 7379: 7325: 7232: 7082: 6599: 5389: 4182: 1891: 1586: 1107: 1041: 855: 708: 660: 5837: 3905: 1844:. Palladio had written about, and illustrated, this church which, before severe damage in 1378:) was one of the finest Palladian buildings of the time. Both Cassel's Leinster House and 1223:, Maryland. The design source is the Villa Pisani, and that for the first Monticello, the 1134: 8: 8907: 8685: 8645: 8510: 8473: 8343: 8328: 8234: 8112: 8011: 7940: 7877: 7850: 7810: 7465: 7407: 7344: 7281: 7122: 6449:

American's First Architecture: From the First Colonial Settlements to the National Period

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The continuing Palladian influence in North America has also drawn criticism. The critic

2117: 2104:, his trumpet blast against Classical architectural forms, Pugin quotes approvingly from 1902:

notes, "Benson proved his incompetence with surprising promptitude and resigned in 1719".

1614: 1483: 1479: 1452: 1448: 1336: 1306: 1220: 1204: 807: 553: 543: 493: 481: 335: 239: 238:. The Palladian style was also adopted in other British colonies, including those in the 191: 187: 69: 8791: 8675: 8333: 8276: 7894: 7470: 7417: 7412: 7372: 7237: 7110: 6187: 6041: 5973: 5931: 5783:

George Berkeley's Grand Tours: The Immaterialist as Connoisseur of Art and Architecture

5323: 4153: 4016: 3206: 2459: 1911: 1637: 1490:, while the architectural historian Pilar Maria Guerrieri identifies its influences in 1460: 1437: 1433: 1351:

The White House in Washington, D.C., was inspired by Irish Palladianism. Its architect

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loggia. Loggias were sometimes given significance in a façade by being surmounted by a

370:. Palladio recorded and publicised his work in the 1570 four-volume illustrated study, 311: 214:

sought out Palladian examples, which themselves drew on buildings from the time of the

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basement or ground floor, containing the service and minor rooms; above this, the

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drew inspiration for his Buckingham Palace east frontage from the south front of

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A notable example in America is the Palladian window set into the north front of

1506: 1367:, a Palladian House designed by Pearce. He studied architecture in Dublin, where 1360: 1153: 1115: 1065: 986: 951: 935: 723: 672: 631: 611: 575: 497: 477: 319: 299: 124: 77: 7024: 7017:

International centre for the study of the architecture of Andrea Palladio (CISA)

8846: 8766: 8746: 8720: 8680: 8239: 7966: 7702: 6814:. Vol. The Country Seat: Studies Presented to Sir John Summerson. London: 6710: 6549: 6172: 5947: 5550: 5523: 3152: 2190: 2113: 2087:

Specifically, both doors seem to have been derived from plates XXV and XXVI of

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Two colonial period houses that can be definitively attributed to designs from

1095: 1027: 921: 917: 897: 893: 847: 784: 759: 561: 508: 254: 215: 156: 148: 138: 6823: 6726: 6667: 6460: 2455: 536:

Palladio's elaboration of this, normally used in a series, places a larger or

511:, and was first used outside Venice by Donato Bramante and later mentioned by 9015: 8811: 8796: 8781: 8761: 8751: 8715: 8196: 8129: 8102: 7872: 6924: 6898: 6847: 6815: 6718: 6634: 6591: 6583: 6476: 6320: 6312: 6294: 6136: 6128: 5939: 5895: 5879: 5777: 5697: 4277: 2538: 2194: 2146: 1991: 1961: 1933: 1874: 1742: 1670: 1582: 1578: 1502: 1294: 1259: 1228: 1224: 1156:, who may be America's first recorded Palladian, bought a large farmhouse in 967: 867: 799: 755: 731: 687:

in this style. These follow the success of Jones's Palladian designs for the

668: 627: 571: 877: 409: 8856: 8851: 8841: 8826: 8756: 8650: 8569: 8394: 8374: 8249: 6692: 6468: 5846: 5658: 5356: 3417: 3250: 2609: 2154: 1734: 1721: 1495: 1383: 1364: 1310: 1185: 1169: 1161: 947: 931: 904: 881: 826: 623: 619: 445: 428: 389:

were of equal value so that occupants could enjoy views in all directions.

355: 168: 164: 97: 7563: 4825: 4116: 3879: 8338: 8186: 7904: 7882: 7168: 7090: 7074: 6991: 6182: 2177: 1532: 1525: 1386:

have been cited as Hoban's inspirations for the White House but the more

1379: 1352: 1087: 1077: 955: 651: 591: 537: 367: 104: 6242:

The Palladian Revival: Lord Burlington, His Villa and Garden at Chiswick

5385:"The Mathematics of the Ideal Villa, Palladio and Le Corbusier compared" 4157: 1164:, in the late 1720s, and added a Palladian doorcase derived from Kent's 8886: 8806: 8613: 8206: 8191: 6156:"Migrating architectures: Palladio's legacy from Calcutta to New Delhi" 4214: 2060:

and a descendant of the family who commissioned Palladio to design the

1949: 1562: 1443:

The rise of neo-Palladianism in England contributed to its adoption in

1391: 1243: 1212: 1030: 993:

who ruled Britain unchallenged for some fifty years after the death of

971: 959: 950:, he chose the fashionable Palladian style, and selected the architect 888:

At the forefront of the new school of design was the "architect earl",

834: 602: 403: 362:

follow the approach defined by Vitruvius and his 15th-century disciple

307: 282: 231: 4308:. Centre for the Study of Historic Irish Houses and Estates (CSHIHE). 2956: 2269: 1106:

plasterwork – an Irish specialty which was frequently executed by the

277: 46: 8786: 8637: 8415: 7920: 7105: 6064: 5787: 2918: 2198: 2109: 1999: 1953: 1498: 1355:, who built the executive mansion between 1792 and 1800, was born in 1010: 859: 787:

in 1715 (of which supplemental volumes appeared through the century);

700: 692: 466: 462: 439:

of his work. Palladian villas are usually built with three floors: a

436: 432: 315: 112: 1517: 386: 8384: 8323: 8256: 5554: 4252: 2542: 2158: 1957: 1782: 1451:

wrote to Lord Burlington to inform him that he was recommending to

1290: 557: 399: 359: 327: 262: 235: 227: 123:, the architectural landscape was dominated by the more flamboyant 81: 8521: 6689:

Southern Architecture: 350 Years of Distinctive American Buildings

6655:

Palladianism: From the Italian Villa to International Architecture

6653: 4940: 4764: 3848: 3812: 3507: 1585:. Their work, and that of others, led the architectural historian 103:

Palladianism emerged in England in the early 17th century, led by

8992: 8261: 7006: 6960: 2561: 2049: 2003: 1444: 1313:. Westover's north and south entrances, made of imported English 908: 507:

and supported by columns. This is derived from the ancient Roman

485: 390: 347: 323: 245:

In the 19th century, Palladianism was overtaken in popularity by

183: 172: 6341:

A History of Architectural Theory: From Vitruvius to the Present

4047: 3995: 3993: 3980: 3978: 36:

A villa with a superimposed portico, from Book IV of Palladio's

6038:

Palladio's Architecture and Its Influence: A Photographic Guide

5465: 2960: 2273: 2202: 1837: 1103: 1090:, designed by Richard Cassels, who also designed the Palladian 1034: 927: 704: 642: 504: 394: 343: 339: 27:

Style of architecture derived from the Venetian Andrea Palladio

7043: 4880: 4868: 4796:"Thomas Jefferson's Library – The architecture of A. Palladio" 3413:"Why Palladio is the world's favourite 16th-century architect" 2573: 1973:

So much of Dublin was built in the 18th century that it set a

1608: 1565:, an influential architectural theorist, published his essay, 381:

are designed to fit with their setting. If on a hill, such as

6810:

Whinney, Margaret (1970). Howard Colvin; John Harris (eds.).

5821:. Vol. 3. Robertsbridge, East Sussex: Helm Information. 5009: 4892: 4059: 3990: 3975: 2996: 2994: 2410: 2408: 2133: 2129: 1333:; in America, the Palladian portico regained its full glory. 1255: 601:

A variant, in which the motif is enclosed within a relieving

378: 303: 7012:

Inigo Jones document collection at Worcester College, Oxford

5286: 3597: 3543: 3326: 3270: 2800: 2737: 1747:

City and Country Builder's and Workman's Treasury of Designs

1593:

continues as the fountainhead of at least one strand in the

610:. Burlington employed the motif in 1721 for an elevation of 5732: 5433: 3316: 3314: 3312: 3299: 3297: 1278:, in the Palladian style, echoing in his buildings for the 190:

corresponded with Burlington about his efforts to persuade

5551:"Palladio: The architect who inspired our love of columns" 5105: 4844: 4776: 3183: 3116: 2991: 2979: 2539:"Palladio: The architect who inspired our love of columns" 2485: 2405: 2197:, wrote of "American realtors describ(ing) any dire Miami 823:

The Designs of Inigo Jones... with Some Additional Designs

7620: 6426:

An Imperial Vision: Indian Architecture and Britain's Raj

5162: 4202: 3282: 2899: 2851: 2357: 2355: 2340: 2328: 2292: 2270:"City of Vincenza and the Palladian villas of the Veneto" 2116:, representing the Eternal Father under the semblance of 578:

in the central bay is surrounded by a unifying blind arch

5600: 5298: 4916: 4856: 3860: 3836: 3702: 3519: 3309: 3294: 3078: 2957:"City of Vicenza and the Palladian Villas of the Veneto" 2749: 2641: 2629: 2023:, "Anglo-Palladianism and the birth of a new nation" in 1219:

in 1773–1774 for the wealthy farmer Matthias Hammond of

1129: 819:, translated by Giacomo Leoni and published in 1726; and 5248: 4928: 4904: 4035: 3824: 3531: 3246:"English baroque architecture: seventy years of excess" 3030: 3006: 2887: 2875: 2010:

described Kilboy as "the greatest new house in Europe".

326:. Palladio aspired to an architectural style that used 253:

in the English-speaking world, whose champions such as

8988:

City of Vicenza and the Palladian Villas of the Veneto

6556:. The Buildings of England. New Haven, US and London: 6502:. The Buildings of England. New Haven, US and London: 5958:(with the National Trust and Irish Georgian Society). 5174: 5150: 4480: 4468: 3924: 3609: 3018: 2937: 2812: 2420: 2352: 2304: 1759:

library, and their considerable influence on his work.

1623:

City of Vicenza and the Palladian Villas of the Veneto

1363:, in 1762, the son of tenant farmers on the estate of 1215:(1770). Hammond-Harwood was designed by the architect 1102:. Irish Palladian country houses often feature robust 618:

for his brother-in-law Lord Bruce (since remodelled).

6084:

South Africa, Greece, Rome – Classical Confrontations

5021: 4178:"Meet the Man who Designed and Built the White House" 4091:"Sir Edward Lovett Pearce – Drumcondra House, Dublin" 4071: 3392: 3171: 3042: 2863: 2238: 2228: 2226: 2193:, in a review of the 2009 Palladio exhibition at the 1474:

Palladianism was particularly adopted in areas under

42:, in an English translation published in London, 1736 5952:

A guide to Georgian buildings of Britain and Ireland

5409: 5236: 5224: 3957:"Andrea Palladio and the New Spirit in Architecture" 3350: 1848:, "looked like the Roman temple it essentially was". 1604: 841:

The most favoured among patrons was the four-volume

831:

Some Designs of Mr. Inigo Jones and Mr. William Kent

6543: 6520: 6216:

The Palladian Style in England, Ireland and America

5083:"Government House National Historic Site of Canada" 5033: 4961:"Palladio and his legacy – a transatlantic journey" 4220: 3651: 3555: 3513: 3338: 2585: 2567: 2367: 1524:(1986) – 20th century Palladianism modelled on the 1317:, were patterned after a plate in William Salmon's 515:(1475–1554) in his seven-volume architectural book 427:Palladio would often model his villa elevations on 6493: 5524:"Andrea Palladio: the man who made ancient modern" 5193: 5191: 5189: 4716:"Jefferson and Palladio: Constructing a New World" 3936: 3854: 3818: 3225: 3054: 2725: 2316: 2250: 2223: 6934:Inigo Jones and the European Classicist Tradition 5053:"Province House National Historic Site of Canada" 4534:The Center for Palladian Studies in America, Inc. 4504:The Center for Palladian Studies in America, Inc. 3128: 3066: 2506:"Mathematical Beauty in Renaissance Architecture" 1675:Inigo Jones and the European Classicist Tradition 1122:, including some fine Palladian examples such as 750: 560:might replace columns, as in other contexts. Sir 529:, or once at each end, as on the inner façade of 472: 9013: 5526:. George Washington University. 1 October 2009. 4334:. National Inventory of Architectural Heritage. 2046:Jefferson and Palladio: Constructing a New World 1703:(1475–1554), an architect and illustrator whose 1643: 1573:at Poissy and Garches. Suzanne Walters' article 1064:in 1731, which was completed after his death by 6858:Architectural Principles in the Age of Humanism 6521:O'Brien, Jacqueline; Guinness, Desmond (1993). 5884:A Biographical Dictionary of British Architects 5200:"When Palladio came to Cheshire – in the 1980s" 5197: 5186: 4826:"Extract from Thomas Jefferson to James Oldham" 3447:Vitruvius Britannicus, or The British Architect 1494:. In South Africa, Federico Freschi notes the " 1072:near Dublin, designed by the Italian architect 1048:in Dublin. Christine Casey, in her 2005 volume 1005: 552:(1537), and heavily adopted by Palladio in the 218:, to develop a new architectural style for the 6500:Bedfordshire, Huntingdonshire and Peterborough 6473:William Kent: Architect, Designer, Opportunist 6210: 4946: 4898: 4886: 4874: 4770: 4065: 4053: 3999: 3984: 3668: 3666: 2052:in 2015–2016. The exhibition was dedicated to 1231:. Both are taken from Book II, Chapter XIV of 423:) – one of Palladio's most influential designs 8537: 7579: 7059: 6903:Sir William Chambers: Architect to George III 6717:. Pelican History of Art. Harmondsworth, UK: 6285: 5198:Brittain-Catlin, Timothy (19 December 2019). 5015: 2176:entitled "The curse of Palladio", the critic 695:, the first English Palladian house, and the 541: 523:All the Works of Architecture and Perspective 318:(80 BC), and his immediate predecessors 6036:Farber, Joseph C.; Reed, Henry Hope (1980). 5998: 5816: 5292: 4782: 4530:"Palladio and English-American Palladianism" 4093:. Dictionary of Irish Architects 1720–1940. 1865:, accuses Campbell of "outrageous plagiari". 1486:(formerly Government House) was modelled on 938:and showing further development of the wings 147:. Campbell's book included illustrations of 7593: 6954: 6812:A Unknown Design for a Villa by Inigo Jones 6262: 5925: 4559:Hawthorne, Christopher (30 November 2008). 3750: 3663: 3189: 3122: 3000: 2985: 2806: 2579: 2491: 2414: 2346: 2334: 2298: 1781:Rossi built the new façade for the rebuilt 1297:, the Palladian style is found in numerous 805: 722:, Jones's Palladianism was eclipsed by the 488:(from 1546) – loggia with Palladian windows 8544: 8530: 7586: 7572: 7066: 7052: 6400: 6374: 6035: 5946: 5111: 4850: 4594:"Hammond-Harwood House Architectural Tour" 4258: 4208: 3537: 3288: 2905: 2857: 934:(1746) – designed by Burlington's student 829:in two volumes in 1727. A further volume, 518:Tutte l'opere d'architettura et prospetiva 431:façades. The temple influence, often in a 338:buildings. His surviving buildings are in 272: 6854: 6830: 6758: 6733: 6709: 6181: 6171: 6153: 5319:"The growing blight of infill McMansions" 5168: 4558: 3866: 3708: 3603: 3549: 3525: 3410: 3332: 3320: 3303: 3276: 3036: 2755: 2743: 2647: 2635: 2310: 1898:, but held the job for less than a year; 1531:By the 1770s, British architects such as 1428: 6783: 6686: 6598: 6446: 6154:Guerrieri, Pilar Maria (December 2021). 6127: 6058: 5902: 5839:Palladian Style in Canadian Architecture 5689: 5606: 5458: 5254: 4934: 4922: 4910: 4862: 4175: 4171: 4169: 4167: 4141: 3842: 3012: 2943: 2818: 2766: 2764: 2426: 2244: 1802:is a faithful restatement of Palladio's 1516: 1432: 1417:, completed in 1819. Another example is 1411:Palladian Style in Canadian Architecture 1335: 1237: 1133: 1009: 926: 876: 754: 641: 566: 476: 408: 276: 45: 31: 7007:Center for Palladian Studies in America 6977: 6955:Wundram, Manfred; Pape, Thomas (2004). 6931: 6897: 6809: 6574: 6423: 6311: 6104: 6081: 5579: 5316: 5180: 5156: 4486: 4474: 4385:"Ryans to rebuild 18th century mansion" 4382: 3930: 3830: 3615: 3575:"History of Chiswick House and Gardens" 3411:Wainright, Oliver (11 September 2015). 3243: 3203:"Introduction to Georgian Architecture" 3084: 3024: 2869: 2439:Wassell, Stephen R. (19 January 2004). 2438: 2361: 1840:where he closely studied the church of 1126:, were abandoned to ruin or destroyed. 833:was published in 1744 by the architect 179:at the centre of the nation's capital. 155:, whose buildings for himself, such as 14: 9014: 8711:Palazzo Pretorio (Cividale del Friuli) 6737:The Classical Language of Architecture 6263:Howard, Deborah; Quill, Sarah (2002). 6236: 5878: 5866:from the original on 29 September 2022 5776: 5654:"Endlessly copied, but never bettered" 5651: 5548: 5491: 5349: 4303: 4240:from the original on 15 September 2022 3794:"Henry Flitcroft – 'Burlington Harry'" 3398: 3356: 3177: 3048: 2893: 2536: 2503: 2441:"The Mathematics of Palladio's Villas" 1459:had already begun construction of the 1068:. Pearce also oversaw the building of 8525: 7567: 7047: 6624: 6337: 5999:De Witt, Lloyd; Corey, Piper (2019). 5835: 5749: 5729:Wilton House and English Palladianism 5618: 5494:"The stonecutter who shook the world" 5352:"Endlessly copied but never bettered" 5039: 5027: 4746:Royal Institute of British Architects 4415: 4338:from the original on 28 November 2022 4270: 4164: 4077: 4041: 3954: 2967:from the original on 30 November 2021 2761: 2373: 2280:from the original on 30 November 2021 2201:with a classical portico and the odd 1130:North American Palladian architecture 903:In 1734 Kent and Burlington designed 890:Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington 798:, by Palladio himself, translated by 637: 153:Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington 6651: 6467: 5972: 5726: 5530:from the original on 9 December 2022 5415: 5382: 5304: 5242: 5230: 5087:Canadian Register of Historic Places 5057:Canadian Register of Historic Places 4958: 4828:. Monticello.org. 24 December 1804. 4696:from the original on 2 February 2014 4456:from the original on 8 December 2021 4123:from the original on 5 December 2022 3942: 3657: 3561: 3344: 3244:Jenkins, Simon (10 September 2011). 3231: 3134: 3072: 3060: 2881: 2731: 2591: 2393:from the original on 19 October 2021 2322: 2256: 2232: 2035:, (1978) is still the standard work. 771:classical architecture. These were: 358:in Venice. Palladio's architectural 8551: 6580:An Outline of European Architecture 6265:The Architectural history of Venice 6214:; Sadler, Julius Trousdale (1976). 5652:Bayley, Stephen (1 February 2009). 5561:from the original on 13 August 2022 5492:Glancy, Jonathan (9 January 2009). 5350:Bayley, Stephen (1 February 2009). 5126:"The Architecture of Wansted House" 4806:from the original on 16 August 2022 4660:Society of Architectural Historians 4430:from the original on 14 August 2022 4190:from the original on 16 August 2022 3959:. Studio International Foundation. 3955:Spens, Michael (14 February 2009). 3758:"Woburn Abbey: Official list entry" 2106:Charles Forbes René de Montalembert 2056:, Professor of Architecture at the 2048:was held at the Palladio Museum in 745: 24: 6715:Architecture in Britain: 1530–1830 6362:from the original on 15 April 2023 6023:from the original on 15 April 2023 5633:from the original on 14 April 2023 5549:Kerley, Paul (10 September 2015). 5427: 5138:from the original on 5 August 2022 5123: 4993:. Dictionary of Irish Architects. 4630:"Monticello House and Garden FAQs" 4591: 4312:from the original on 14 April 2023 4285:from the original on 19 April 2023 3763:National Heritage List for England 3727:National Heritage List for England 3679:National Heritage List for England 3484:National Heritage List for England 2830: 2777:National Heritage List for England 2713:from the original on 10 March 2016 2702:National Heritage List for England 2666:National Heritage List for England 2537:Kerley, Paul (10 September 2015). 1567:The Mathematics of the Ideal Villa 1553:I quattro libri dell'architettura. 1188:, borrow directly from Palladio's 970:, the approach was revived by Sir 703:, the uncompleted royal palace in 374:(The Four Books of Architecture). 194:of the merits of the style, while 25: 9058: 8956:I quattro libri dell'architettura 8872:Villa Trissino (Meledo di Sarego) 8566:Convento della Carità (cloisters) 7096:Greek scholars in the Renaissance 7000: 6836:Palladio and English Palladianism 6133:Life In The English Country House 5978:Oxford Dictionary of Architecture 5666:from the original on 26 June 2022 5504:from the original on 11 July 2022 5459:Frearson, Amy (29 October 2018). 5440:from the original on 25 June 2022 5364:from the original on 26 June 2022 5317:Lofgren, Mike (17 January 2022). 5274:from the original on 10 July 2022 4997:from the original on 23 July 2022 4971:from the original on 28 June 2022 4752:from the original on 26 June 2022 4636:from the original on 20 June 2022 4610:from the original on 15 June 2022 4573:from the original on 19 June 2022 4416:Stamp, Agnes (7 September 2016). 4397:from the original on 23 July 2022 4364:from the original on 23 July 2022 3886:from the original on 11 July 2022 3690:from the original on 25 June 2022 3585:from the original on 19 June 2022 3514:Orbach, Pevsner & Cherry 2021 3495:from the original on 25 June 2022 3459:from the original on 19 July 2022 3425:from the original on 26 June 2022 3380:from the original on 26 June 2022 3159:from the original on 25 June 2022 3146: 3104:from the original on 29 June 2022 2925:from the original on 29 June 2022 2677:from the original on 19 June 2022 2549:from the original on 6 March 2019 2473:from the original on 26 June 2022 1938:Life In The English Country House 1821:I quattro libri dell'architettura 1709:I quattro libri dell'architettura 1457:Georg Wenzeslaus von Knobelsdorff 1252:I quattro libri dell'architettura 1233:I quattro libri dell'architettura 1197:I quattro libri dell'architettura 1190:I quattro libri dell'architettura 1147:I quattro libri dell'architettura 792:I quattro libri dell'architettura 456:I quattro libri dell'architettura 372:I quattro libri dell'architettura 288:I quattro libri dell'architettura 208:British colonies in North America 130:I quattro libri dell'architettura 39:I quattro libri dell'architettura 8837:Villa Porto (Vivaro di Dueville) 8706:Palazzo Porto in Piazza Castello 8627: 6957:Palladio: The Complete Buildings 6885:from the original on 3 July 2022 6762:London: An Architectural History 6674:from the original on 2 July 2022 6291:The Country House in Perspective 6198:from the original on 5 July 2022 6160:City, Territory and Architecture 5645: 5612: 5588:from the original on 1 July 2022 5580:Neville, Flora (23 March 2017). 5573: 5542: 5516: 5485: 5473:from the original on 2 July 2022 5452: 5421: 5397:from the original on 15 May 2022 5376: 5343: 5331:from the original on 28 May 2022 5310: 5260: 5212:from the original on 5 July 2022 5117: 5093:from the original on 2 July 2022 5075: 5063:from the original on 2 July 2022 5045: 4983: 4952: 4832:from the original on 3 July 2022 4818: 4788: 4734: 4722:from the original on 28 May 2022 4708: 4678: 4666:from the original on 6 July 2022 4648: 4622: 4585: 4552: 4522: 4492: 4442: 4409: 4376: 4360:. Francis Terry and Associates. 4350: 4324: 4297: 4264: 4226: 4135: 4109: 4097:from the original on 3 July 2022 4083: 4023:from the original on 23 May 2022 4005: 3963:from the original on 5 July 2022 3948: 3912:from the original on 17 May 2022 3898: 3872: 3800:from the original on 24 May 2022 3786: 3774:from the original on 2 July 2022 3738:from the original on 2 July 2022 3714: 3639:from the original on 2 July 2022 3629:"Palladianism – An Introduction" 3370:"Palladianism – an introduction" 3258:from the original on 1 July 2022 3213:from the original on 9 July 2022 2839:from the original on 6 July 2022 2788:from the original on 2 July 2022 2617:from the original on 23 May 2022 2518:from the original on 5 July 2022 2504:Matuke, Samantha (12 May 2016). 2183: 2164: 2139: 2094: 2081: 2067: 2038: 2013: 1980: 1967: 1943: 1926: 1917: 1836:Jones travelled as far south as 1819:Inigo Jones's annotated copy of 1688:Palladio: The Complete Buildings 1607: 1415:Nova Scotia Legislature building 802:and published from 1715 onwards; 796:(The Four Books of Architecture) 7073: 7025:Thomas Jefferson's architecture 5804:from the original on 5 May 2023 5714:from the original on 5 May 2023 4959:Loth, Calder (10 August 2010). 4383:Gleeson, Peter (6 April 2006). 4304:Dooley, Terence (28 May 2022). 4176:Fedderly, Eva (11 March 2021). 3621: 3567: 3471: 3437: 3404: 3362: 3237: 3195: 3140: 3090: 2949: 2911: 2824: 2689: 2653: 2597: 2530: 2497: 2432: 2379: 2078:, which is the essential part". 1905: 1880: 1868: 1851: 1830: 1813: 1792: 1775: 1762: 1752: 1727: 1714: 1693: 1680: 1664: 1655: 862:house. Hoare's brother-in-law, 671:(1657–1737). Their biographer, 8998:Palladian villas of the Veneto 6523:Great Irish Houses and Castles 6317:England's Thousand Best Houses 5817:Charlesworth, Michael (2002). 5619:Stamp, Gavin (November 2004). 5582:"Interview with Quinlan Terry" 4271:Mount, Harry (16 March 2019). 2262: 1478:. Examples can be seen in the 1394:. The architectural historian 751:English Palladian architecture 726:designs of such architects as 496:: the simpler one is called a 473:Venetian and Palladian windows 385:(Villa Capra, or La Rotonda), 383:Villa Almerico Capra Valmarana 285:(1537–1542) – from Palladio's 135:The Four Books of Architecture 13: 1: 7846:Anatolian Seljuk architecture 6660:Institute of European History 6346:Princeton Architectural Press 5909:Princeton Architectural Press 5383:Rowe, Colin (31 March 1947). 4991:"Co. Kilkenney, Desart Court" 4013:"Palladian style (1720–1770)" 3098:"Designing the Queen's House" 2216: 1644:Notes, references and sources 1372: 985:built many examples, such as 417: 88:and the principles of formal 72:derived from the work of the 55: 9042:British architectural styles 8726:Palazzo Thiene Bonin Longare 7297:Platonism in the Renaissance 7201:Early Netherlandish painting 6936:. New Haven, US and London: 6905:. New Haven, US and London: 6765:. New Haven, US and London: 6338:Kruft, Hanno-Walter (1994). 6244:. New Haven, US and London: 5926:Copplestone, Trewin (1963). 5758:. New Haven, US and London: 5430:"The Two Faces of Modernism" 2511:. Renaissance Architecture. 1932:The architectural historian 1896:Surveyor of the King's Works 1720:The architectural historian 1242:Thomas Jefferson's "second" 1141:(1774) – modelled after the 1054:Pevsner Buildings of Ireland 1037:occupy Palladian buildings. 1006:Irish Palladian architecture 167:, and their joint creation, 7: 8882:Villa Valmarana (Vigardolo) 8832:Villa Porto, Molina di Malo 8581:San Giorgio Maggiore church 6759:Sutcliffe, Anthony (2006). 6424:Metcalf, Thomas R. (1989). 6401:MacDonnell, Randal (2002). 6061:Studies in Tectonic Culture 5903:Constant, Caroline (1993). 5690:Ackerman, James S. (1991). 4561:"A very fine Italian House" 4221:O'Brien & Guinness 1993 4119:. Sir John Soane's Museum. 3100:. Royal Museums Greenwich. 2921:. Royal Museums Greenwich. 2568:O'Brien & Guinness 1993 1770:Villa Valmarana (Vigardolo) 1707:was a model for Palladio's 1600: 997:. Summerson thought Kent's 650:, Greenwich (begun 1616) – 334:to emulate the grandeur of 281:"True Palladianism" at the 230:and Jefferson's own house, 10: 9063: 7206:Dutch and Flemish painting 7149:Central and Eastern Europe 7118:Outline of the Renaissance 6687:Severens, Kenneth (1981). 6403:The Lost Houses of Ireland 6173:10.1186/s40410-021-00135-0 6107:George Berkeley in America 6088:Cambridge University Press 6059:Frampton, Kenneth (2001). 6002:Thomas Jefferson Architect 5682: 4947:Guinness & Sadler 1976 4899:Guinness & Sadler 1976 4887:Guinness & Sadler 1976 4875:Guinness & Sadler 1976 4771:Guinness & Sadler 1976 4742:"Villa Valmarana, Lisiera" 4686:"The Palladian Connection" 4066:Guinness & Sadler 1976 4054:Guinness & Sadler 1976 4000:Guinness & Sadler 1976 3985:Guinness & Sadler 1976 3882:. Royal Collection Trust. 3855:O'Brien & Pevsner 2014 3819:O'Brien & Pevsner 2014 3633:Victoria and Albert Museum 3453:Victoria and Albert Museum 3374:Victoria and Albert Museum 2132:and angels in the form of 1823:is held in the library of 1628:New Classical architecture 1575:The Two Faces of Modernism 1501:and Palladian windows" of 1046:Irish Houses of Parliament 533:(true Palladian windows). 8982: 8966: 8947: 8926: 8895: 8877:Villa Valmarana (Lisiera) 8739: 8666:Palazzo Barbaran da Porto 8636: 8625: 8575:San Francesco della Vigna 8559: 8434: 8403: 8352: 8217: 7954: 7913: 7788: 7701: 7619: 7601: 7518: 7485: 7453: 7398: 7343: 7334: 7131: 7081: 6789:Palladio and Palladianism 6604:The Latest Country Houses 6527:Weidenfeld & Nicolson 6407:Weidenfeld & Nicolson 5750:Casey, Christine (2005). 5268:"Georgians: Architecture" 2605:"Seven Palladian windows" 2456:10.1007/s00004-998-0011-3 2025:Palladio and Palladianism 1825:Worcester College, Oxford 1804:San Francesco della Vigna 1512: 1438:Berlin Opera House (1743) 1327:Richmond County, Virginia 1112:Irish War of Independence 542: 354:and churches such as the 247:Neoclassical architecture 8867:Villa Trissino (Cricoli) 8822:Villa Pisani, Montagnana 8772:Villa Capra "La Rotonda" 7020:(in English and Italian) 6978:Yarwood, Doreen (1970). 6791:. World of Art. London: 6740:. World of Art. London: 6631:The Buildings of Ireland 6625:Rowan, Alistair (1979). 5836:Clerk, Nathalie (1984). 4965:National Building Museum 4783:De Witt & Piper 2019 4234:"Palladian architecture" 4145:Dublin Historical Record 1861:, in his 1995 catalogue 1648: 1423:St. John's, Newfoundland 1176:'s 1749 designs for the 1040:The Irish architect Sir 813:(On the Art of Building) 414:Villa Capra "La Rotonda" 186:the critic and courtier 18:Palladian (architecture) 7611:History of construction 7595:History of architecture 6453:Oxford University Press 6447:Morrison, Hugh (1952). 6105:Gaustad, Edwin (1979). 5982:Oxford University Press 5956:Weidenfeld and Nicolson 5621:"The curse of Palladio" 4656:"Hammond-Harwood House" 4452:. Garland Consultants. 4117:"Summerhill, Co. Meath" 3906:"Lyme Park (Lyme Hall)" 3149:"What is Palladianism?" 3001:Howard & Quill 2002 2835:. Mount Vernon Estate. 2831:Brandt, Lydia Mattice. 2807:Wundram & Pape 2004 2492:Wundram & Pape 2004 2347:Wundram & Pape 2004 2335:Wundram & Pape 2004 2299:Wundram & Pape 2004 1988:Dolla, County Tipperary 1787:Ca' Corner della Regina 1086:Other examples include 837:, an associate of Kent. 781:(The British Architect) 435:design, later became a 273:Palladio's architecture 222:. Examples include the 9022:Palladian architecture 8974:Palladian architecture 8903:Ponte Vecchio, Bassano 8862:Villa Thiene (Cicogna) 8802:Villa Gazzotti Grimani 8599:San Pietro di Castello 7606:Architectural timeline 6652:Ruhl, Carsten (2011). 6287:Jackson-Stops, Gervase 4851:Farber & Reed 1980 2058:University of Virginia 2027:, (1991), pp.181–209; 1806:and his masterwork is 1528: 1522:Henbury Hall, Cheshire 1467:, based on Campbell's 1440: 1429:Palladianism elsewhere 1348: 1345:University of Virginia 1271:University of Virginia 1267:Virginia State Capitol 1250:Jefferson referred to 1247: 1166:Designs of Inigo Jones 1149: 1018: 939: 885: 806: 767: 655: 579: 489: 424: 356:Basilica del Redentore 306:in 1508, the son of a 296: 90:classical architecture 66:Palladian architecture 62: 43: 9027:Architectural history 8817:Villa Pisani, Bagnolo 8671:Palazzo del Capitanio 8148:America and Australia 7768:Medieval Scandinavian 7531:Medieval renaissances 7309:Scientific Revolution 7030:6 August 2015 at the 6938:Yale University Press 6907:Yale University Press 6767:Yale University Press 6600:Robinson, John Martin 6582:. Harmondsworth, UK: 6558:Yale University Press 6504:Yale University Press 6380:The Earls of Creation 6269:Yale University Press 6246:Yale University Press 6135:. Harmondsworth, UK: 6111:Yale University Press 6007:Yale University Press 5760:Yale University Press 5696:. Harmondsworth, UK: 4690:Hammond-Harwood House 4601:Hammond-Harwood House 4236:. Ask About Ireland. 3880:"Lyme Park, Cheshire" 3796:. Twickenham Museum. 2448:Nexus Network Journal 2029:Walter Muir Whitehill 1863:The Palladian Revival 1846:an earthquake in 1688 1595:English country house 1589:to suggest that "the 1571:Le Corbusier's villas 1520: 1476:British colonial rule 1436: 1396:Gervase Jackson-Stops 1339: 1241: 1201:Hammond-Harwood House 1139:Hammond-Harwood House 1137: 1013: 930: 880: 872:Vitruvius Britannicus 852:Vitruvius Britannicus 850:near to the front of 843:Vitruvius Britannicus 817:Leon Battista Alberti 777:Vitruvius Britannicus 764:Vitruvius Britannicus 758: 645: 626:. Another example is 570: 480: 412: 364:Leon Battista Alberti 310:. He was inspired by 280: 224:Hammond–Harwood House 200:opera house in Berlin 144:Vitruvius Britannicus 49: 35: 9037:Architectural design 9032:Architectural styles 8691:Palazzo della Loggia 8390:Critical regionalism 7400:Northern Renaissance 5756:Buildings of Ireland 5390:Architectural Review 5270:. English Heritage. 4536:2009. Archived from 4506:2009. Archived from 4306:"The Power of Ruins" 4183:Architectural Digest 2613:. 7 September 2014. 2387:"Palazzo Chiericati" 2128:, saints as amorous 2089:Palladio Londinensis 1892:Sir Christopher Wren 1749:, published in 1750. 1587:John Martin Robinson 1404:Buildings of Ireland 1319:Palladio Londinensis 1120:Irish country houses 1108:Lafranchini brothers 1042:Edward Lovett Pearce 1022:political; both the 983:Sir William Chambers 974:for his refacing of 924:in their own right. 738:, and Jones's pupil 661:Baroque architecture 50:Plan for Palladio's 8908:Arco delle Scalette 8686:Palazzo Dalla Torre 8646:Basilica Palladiana 8329:Stripped Classicism 8304:International style 8287:Rationalist-Fascist 7936:Portuguese Colonial 7686:Pre-Islamic Persian 7353:Bergamo and Brescia 7345:Italian Renaissance 7123:Renaissance studies 5974:Curl, James Stevens 5727:Bold, John (1988). 5307:, pp. 393–394. 4949:, pp. 107–111. 4800:Library of Congress 4773:, pp. 139–141. 4718:. Palladio Museum. 4603:Museum. p. 7. 4510:on 23 December 2009 4223:, pp. 246–247. 3606:, pp. 309–313. 3552:, pp. 308–309. 3335:, pp. 297–308. 3279:, pp. 295–297. 2884:, pp. 140–144. 2746:, pp. 129–130. 2582:, pp. 251–252. 2389:. Palladio Museum. 2033:Palladio in America 1894:out of his post of 1615:Architecture portal 1484:Raj Bhavan, Kolkata 1480:Indian subcontinent 1453:Frederick the Great 1449:Francesco Algarotti 1307:Westover Plantation 1221:Anne Arundel County 1205:Annapolis, Maryland 1118:, large numbers of 1114:and the subsequent 946:decided to rebuild 808:De re aedificatoria 574:(begun 1757) – the 554:Basilica Palladiana 544:Biblioteca Marciana 482:Basilica Palladiana 240:Indian subcontinent 192:Frederick the Great 188:Francesco Algarotti 70:architectural style 8792:Villa Forni Cerato 8676:Palazzo Chiericati 8334:Postconstructivism 8277:Streamline Moderne 7471:Spanish Golden Age 7111:Northern Mannerism 6658:. Mainz, Germany: 6494:O'Brien, Charles; 6384:Century Hutchinson 6295:Pavilion Books Ltd 6042:Dover Publications 5928:World Architecture 5905:The Palladio Guide 5845:. Ottawa, Canada: 5324:Washington Monthly 5016:Jackson-Stops 1990 4632:. Monticello.org. 4540:on 23 October 2009 4500:"Building America" 4017:Dublin Civic Trust 3207:The Georgian Group 2833:"Palladian Window" 2019:A brief survey is 1912:James Stevens Curl 1842:San Paolo Maggiore 1638:Riviera del Brenta 1529: 1461:Berlin Opera House 1441: 1349: 1282:examples from the 1248: 1150: 1074:Alessandro Galilei 1019: 940: 913:James Stevens Curl 886: 768: 736:Nicholas Hawksmoor 720:Stuart restoration 656: 638:Early Palladianism 584:Villa Forni Cerato 580: 527:New Wardour Castle 490: 425: 314:, the writings of 297: 293:enfilades of rooms 121:Stuart Restoration 63: 44: 9009: 9008: 8731:Palazzo Valmarana 8604:Tempietto Barbaro 8519: 8518: 7561: 7560: 7481: 7480: 7454:Iberian peninsula 7221:Italian sculpture 6970:978-3-822-83200-4 6959:. Koln, Germany: 6947:978-0-300-11729-5 6916:978-0-300-06940-2 6875:978-0-471-97763-6 6855:— (1988) . 6840:Thames and Hudson 6832:Wittkower, Rudolf 6802:978-0-500-20242-5 6793:Thames and Hudson 6776:978-0-300-11006-7 6751:978-0-500-20177-0 6742:Thames and Hudson 6702:978-0-525-20692-7 6644:978-0-300-09667-5 6627:North West Ulster 6617:978-0-370-30562-2 6576:Pevsner, Nikolaus 6567:978-0-300-25120-3 6546:Pevsner, Nikolaus 6536:978-0-297-83236-2 6513:978-0-300-20821-4 6496:Pevsner, Nikolaus 6486:978-0-224-07350-9 6439:978-0-571-15419-7 6416:978-0-297-84301-6 6393:978-0-712-69464-3 6376:Lees-Milne, James 6355:978-1-568-98010-2 6344:. Princeton, US: 6330:978-0-713-99596-1 6304:978-1-851-45383-2 6278:978-0-300-09028-4 6267:. New Haven, US: 6255:978-0-300-05983-0 6229:978-0-500-34067-7 6220:Thames and Hudson 6212:Guinness, Desmond 6146:978-0-140-05406-4 6120:978-0-300-02394-7 6109:. New Haven, US: 6097:978-1-107-10081-7 6074:978-0-262-06173-5 6063:. Cambridge, US: 6051:978-0-486-23922-4 6016:978-0-300-24620-9 6005:. New Haven, US: 5991:978-0-199-67499-2 5965:978-0-297-78610-8 5918:978-1-878-27185-3 5856:978-0-660-11530-6 5828:978-1-873-40367-9 5797:978-0-714-64577-3 5769:978-0-300-10923-8 5742:978-0-113-00022-7 5707:978-0-141-93638-3 5428:Waters, Suzanne. 5293:Charlesworth 2002 4592:Benson, Sarah B. 4566:Los Angeles Times 4390:Irish Independent 4056:, pp. 55–59. 4044:, pp. 78–79. 3479:"Stourhead House" 3087:, pp. 33–35. 2896:, pp. 88–89. 2809:, pp. 27–30. 2145:Examples include 2002:, the founder of 1986:Kilboy House, in 1808:Tolentini, Venice 1739:George Washington 1701:Sebastiano Serlio 1633:Giacomo Quarenghi 1400:North West Ulster 1299:plantation houses 1031:Irish parliaments 976:Buckingham Palace 964:Palladian windows 716:English Civil War 608:Vincenzo Scamozzi 513:Sebastiano Serlio 259:Christian worship 220:American Republic 117:English Civil War 16:(Redirected from 9054: 8934:Jewel of Vicenza 8896:Other structures 8777:Villa Chiericati 8661:Palazzo Antonini 8656:Loggia Valmarana 8631: 8609:Valmarana Chapel 8589:Santa Maria Nova 8546: 8539: 8532: 8523: 8522: 8411:Deconstructivism 8170:Spanish Colonial 7931:Spanish Colonial 7831:Western Chalukya 7639:Ancient Egyptian 7588: 7581: 7574: 7565: 7564: 7526:Cloak and dagger 7341: 7340: 7211:Italian painting 7101:High Renaissance 7068: 7061: 7054: 7045: 7044: 7021: 6995: 6974: 6951: 6932:— (2007). 6928: 6894: 6892: 6890: 6884: 6866:Academy Editions 6863: 6851: 6827: 6806: 6785:Tavernor, Robert 6780: 6755: 6734:— (1981). 6730: 6706: 6683: 6681: 6679: 6648: 6621: 6595: 6571: 6544:Orbach, Julian; 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Following the 697:Banqueting House 667:(1657–1737) and 616:Savernake Forest 596:Whitehall Palace 588:James Lees-Milne 550:Jacopo Sansovino 547: 546: 531:Burlington House 422: 419: 212:Thomas Jefferson 204:Unter den Linden 161:Burlington House 60: 57: 52:Villa La Rotonda 21: 9062: 9061: 9057: 9056: 9055: 9053: 9052: 9051: 9012: 9011: 9010: 9005: 9004: 8978: 8962: 8943: 8922: 8918:Teatro Olimpico 8891: 8735: 8632: 8623: 8555: 8553:Andrea Palladio 8550: 8520: 8515: 8430: 8399: 8348: 8282:Totalitarianism 8272:New Objectivity 8213: 8066:Serbo-Byzantine 8061:Russo-Byzantine 7950: 7909: 7784: 7761:Islamic Persian 7697: 7615: 7597: 7592: 7562: 7557: 7514: 7477: 7449: 7394: 7330: 7243:Northern Europe 7127: 7077: 7072: 7032:Wayback Machine 7019: 7003: 6998: 6971: 6948: 6917: 6888: 6886: 6882: 6876: 6861: 6803: 6777: 6752: 6711:Summerson, John 6703: 6677: 6675: 6645: 6618: 6608:The Bodley Head 6568: 6550:Cherry, Bridget 6537: 6514: 6487: 6440: 6430:Faber and Faber 6417: 6394: 6365: 6363: 6356: 6331: 6305: 6279: 6256: 6230: 6201: 6199: 6147: 6121: 6098: 6075: 6052: 6026: 6024: 6017: 5992: 5966: 5948:Cruikshank, Dan 5919: 5869: 5867: 5863: 5857: 5842: 5829: 5807: 5805: 5798: 5770: 5743: 5717: 5715: 5708: 5685: 5680: 5679: 5669: 5667: 5650: 5646: 5636: 5634: 5617: 5613: 5605: 5601: 5591: 5589: 5578: 5574: 5564: 5562: 5547: 5543: 5533: 5531: 5522: 5521: 5517: 5507: 5505: 5490: 5486: 5476: 5474: 5457: 5453: 5443: 5441: 5426: 5422: 5414: 5410: 5400: 5398: 5381: 5377: 5367: 5365: 5348: 5344: 5334: 5332: 5315: 5311: 5303: 5299: 5291: 5287: 5277: 5275: 5266: 5265: 5261: 5253: 5249: 5241: 5237: 5233:, pp. 6–7. 5229: 5225: 5215: 5213: 5196: 5187: 5179: 5175: 5171:, pp. 4–7. 5167: 5163: 5155: 5151: 5141: 5139: 5135: 5128: 5122: 5118: 5112:Lees-Milne 1986 5110: 5106: 5096: 5094: 5081: 5080: 5076: 5066: 5064: 5051: 5050: 5046: 5038: 5034: 5026: 5022: 5014: 5010: 5000: 4998: 4989: 4988: 4984: 4974: 4972: 4957: 4953: 4945: 4941: 4933: 4929: 4921: 4917: 4909: 4905: 4897: 4893: 4885: 4881: 4873: 4869: 4861: 4857: 4849: 4845: 4835: 4833: 4824: 4823: 4819: 4809: 4807: 4794: 4793: 4789: 4781: 4777: 4769: 4765: 4755: 4753: 4740: 4739: 4735: 4725: 4723: 4714: 4713: 4709: 4699: 4697: 4684: 4683: 4679: 4669: 4667: 4654: 4653: 4649: 4639: 4637: 4628: 4627: 4623: 4613: 4611: 4607: 4596: 4590: 4586: 4576: 4574: 4557: 4553: 4543: 4541: 4528: 4527: 4523: 4513: 4511: 4498: 4497: 4493: 4485: 4481: 4473: 4469: 4459: 4457: 4448: 4447: 4443: 4433: 4431: 4414: 4410: 4400: 4398: 4381: 4377: 4367: 4365: 4356: 4355: 4351: 4341: 4339: 4330: 4329: 4325: 4315: 4313: 4302: 4298: 4288: 4286: 4269: 4265: 4261:, Introduction. 4259:MacDonnell 2002 4257: 4253: 4243: 4241: 4232: 4231: 4227: 4219: 4215: 4209:MacDonnell 2002 4207: 4203: 4193: 4191: 4174: 4165: 4140: 4136: 4126: 4124: 4115: 4114: 4110: 4100: 4098: 4089: 4088: 4084: 4076: 4072: 4064: 4060: 4052: 4048: 4040: 4036: 4026: 4024: 4011: 4010: 4006: 3998: 3991: 3983: 3976: 3966: 3964: 3953: 3949: 3941: 3937: 3929: 3925: 3915: 3913: 3904: 3903: 3899: 3889: 3887: 3878: 3877: 3873: 3865: 3861: 3853: 3849: 3841: 3837: 3833:, pp. 5–6. 3829: 3825: 3817: 3813: 3803: 3801: 3792: 3791: 3787: 3777: 3775: 3756: 3755: 3751: 3741: 3739: 3720: 3719: 3715: 3707: 3703: 3693: 3691: 3672: 3671: 3664: 3656: 3652: 3642: 3640: 3627: 3626: 3622: 3614: 3610: 3602: 3598: 3588: 3586: 3573: 3572: 3568: 3560: 3556: 3548: 3544: 3538:Cruikshank 1985 3536: 3532: 3524: 3520: 3512: 3508: 3498: 3496: 3477: 3476: 3472: 3462: 3460: 3443: 3442: 3438: 3428: 3426: 3409: 3405: 3397: 3393: 3383: 3381: 3368: 3367: 3363: 3355: 3351: 3343: 3339: 3331: 3327: 3319: 3310: 3302: 3295: 3291:, pp. 6–7. 3289:Cruikshank 1985 3287: 3283: 3275: 3271: 3261: 3259: 3242: 3238: 3230: 3226: 3216: 3214: 3201: 3200: 3196: 3188: 3184: 3176: 3172: 3162: 3160: 3145: 3141: 3133: 3129: 3121: 3117: 3107: 3105: 3096: 3095: 3091: 3083: 3079: 3071: 3067: 3059: 3055: 3047: 3043: 3035: 3031: 3023: 3019: 3011: 3007: 2999: 2992: 2984: 2980: 2970: 2968: 2955: 2954: 2950: 2942: 2938: 2928: 2926: 2919:"Queen's House" 2917: 2916: 2912: 2906:Lees-Milne 1986 2904: 2900: 2892: 2888: 2880: 2876: 2868: 2864: 2858:Lees-Milne 1986 2856: 2852: 2842: 2840: 2829: 2825: 2817: 2813: 2805: 2801: 2791: 2789: 2772:"Claydon House" 2770: 2769: 2762: 2754: 2750: 2742: 2738: 2730: 2726: 2716: 2714: 2695: 2694: 2690: 2680: 2678: 2659: 2658: 2654: 2646: 2642: 2634: 2630: 2620: 2618: 2603: 2602: 2598: 2590: 2586: 2578: 2574: 2566: 2562: 2552: 2550: 2535: 2531: 2521: 2519: 2515: 2508: 2502: 2498: 2490: 2486: 2476: 2474: 2470: 2443: 2437: 2433: 2425: 2421: 2413: 2406: 2396: 2394: 2385: 2384: 2380: 2372: 2368: 2360: 2353: 2345: 2341: 2333: 2329: 2321: 2317: 2309: 2305: 2297: 2293: 2283: 2281: 2268: 2267: 2263: 2255: 2251: 2243: 2239: 2231: 2224: 2219: 2214: 2213: 2188: 2184: 2169: 2165: 2151:Julian Bicknell 2144: 2140: 2099: 2095: 2086: 2082: 2072: 2068: 2062:Villa Valmarana 2054:Mario Valmarana 2044:An exhibition, 2043: 2039: 2021:Robert Tavernor 2018: 2014: 1985: 1981: 1972: 1968: 1948: 1944: 1936:, in his work, 1931: 1927: 1922: 1918: 1910: 1906: 1885: 1881: 1873: 1869: 1856: 1852: 1835: 1831: 1818: 1814: 1797: 1793: 1780: 1776: 1767: 1763: 1757: 1753: 1732: 1728: 1719: 1715: 1705:L'Architetturra 1698: 1694: 1685: 1681: 1673:, in his study 1669: 1665: 1660: 1656: 1651: 1646: 1613: 1606: 1603: 1515: 1507:Union Buildings 1431: 1375: 1361:County Kilkenny 1178:Redwood Library 1154:George Berkeley 1132: 1124:Woodstock House 1066:Richard Cassels 1008: 987:Parkstead House 952:Henry Flitcroft 944:Duke of Bedford 936:Henry Flitcroft 892:, according to 866:, had designed 825:, published by 783:, published by 753: 748: 684:Earl of Arundel 673:Tommaso Temanza 640: 632:Buckinghamshire 594:'s designs for 576:Venetian window 498:Venetian window 475: 420: 320:Donato Bramante 312:Roman buildings 300:Andrea Palladio 275: 265:, symmetry and 125:English Baroque 78:Andrea Palladio 58: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 9060: 9050: 9049: 9044: 9039: 9034: 9029: 9024: 9007: 9006: 9003: 9002: 9001: 9000: 8995: 8984: 8983: 8980: 8979: 8977: 8976: 8970: 8968: 8964: 8963: 8961: 8960: 8951: 8949: 8945: 8944: 8942: 8941: 8930: 8928: 8924: 8923: 8921: 8920: 8915: 8905: 8899: 8897: 8893: 8892: 8890: 8889: 8884: 8879: 8874: 8869: 8864: 8859: 8854: 8849: 8847:Villa Saraceno 8844: 8839: 8834: 8829: 8824: 8819: 8814: 8809: 8804: 8799: 8794: 8789: 8784: 8779: 8774: 8769: 8767:Villa Caldogno 8764: 8759: 8754: 8749: 8747:Villa Angarano 8743: 8741: 8737: 8736: 8734: 8733: 8728: 8723: 8721:Palazzo Thiene 8718: 8713: 8708: 8703: 8698: 8696:Palazzo Pojana 8693: 8688: 8683: 8681:Palazzo Civena 8678: 8673: 8668: 8663: 8658: 8653: 8648: 8642: 8640: 8634: 8633: 8626: 8624: 8622: 8621: 8611: 8606: 8601: 8596: 8586: 8578: 8572: 8567: 8563: 8561: 8557: 8556: 8549: 8548: 8541: 8534: 8526: 8517: 8516: 8514: 8513: 8508: 8503: 8498: 8493: 8488: 8487: 8486: 8476: 8471: 8466: 8465: 8464: 8459: 8449: 8444: 8438: 8436: 8432: 8431: 8429: 8428: 8423: 8418: 8413: 8407: 8405: 8401: 8400: 8398: 8397: 8392: 8387: 8382: 8377: 8372: 8367: 8362: 8356: 8354: 8350: 8349: 8347: 8346: 8341: 8336: 8331: 8326: 8321: 8316: 8311: 8306: 8301: 8300: 8299: 8294: 8289: 8279: 8274: 8269: 8267:Constructivism 8264: 8259: 8254: 8253: 8252: 8242: 8240:Prairie School 8237: 8232: 8227: 8221: 8219: 8215: 8214: 8212: 8211: 8210: 8209: 8204: 8199: 8194: 8184: 8183: 8182: 8177: 8172: 8167: 8162: 8157: 8152: 8151: 8150: 8145: 8137: 8132: 8127: 8122: 8121: 8120: 8115: 8110: 8100: 8095: 8090: 8085: 8080: 8075: 8070: 8069: 8068: 8063: 8048: 8047: 8046: 8036: 8035: 8034: 8029: 8024: 8019: 8014: 8009: 8004: 7999: 7994: 7989: 7984: 7979: 7974: 7969: 7958: 7956: 7952: 7951: 7949: 7948: 7943: 7938: 7933: 7928: 7923: 7917: 7915: 7911: 7910: 7908: 7907: 7902: 7897: 7892: 7887: 7886: 7885: 7875: 7870: 7869: 7868: 7863: 7858: 7853: 7848: 7843: 7835: 7834: 7833: 7828: 7823: 7815: 7814: 7813: 7808: 7803: 7792: 7790: 7786: 7785: 7783: 7782: 7781: 7780: 7773:Pre-Romanesque 7770: 7765: 7764: 7763: 7758: 7753: 7748: 7743: 7733: 7732: 7731: 7726: 7718: 7713: 7707: 7705: 7703:1st millennium 7699: 7698: 7696: 7695: 7694: 7693: 7683: 7682: 7681: 7676: 7671: 7661: 7656: 7655: 7654: 7649: 7641: 7636: 7631: 7625: 7623: 7617: 7616: 7614: 7613: 7608: 7602: 7599: 7598: 7591: 7590: 7583: 7576: 7568: 7559: 7558: 7556: 7555: 7550: 7549: 7548: 7543: 7538: 7528: 7522: 7520: 7516: 7515: 7513: 7512: 7507: 7502: 7497: 7491: 7489: 7483: 7482: 7479: 7478: 7476: 7475: 7474: 7473: 7463: 7457: 7455: 7451: 7450: 7448: 7447: 7442: 7437: 7432: 7431: 7430: 7425: 7415: 7410: 7404: 7402: 7396: 7395: 7393: 7392: 7387: 7382: 7377: 7376: 7375: 7365: 7360: 7355: 7349: 7347: 7338: 7332: 7331: 7329: 7328: 7323: 7318: 7313: 7312: 7311: 7301: 7300: 7299: 7289: 7284: 7279: 7274: 7273: 7272: 7267: 7262: 7252: 7247: 7246: 7245: 7240: 7230: 7225: 7224: 7223: 7218: 7213: 7208: 7203: 7193: 7192: 7191: 7186: 7181: 7176: 7171: 7166: 7161: 7156: 7151: 7146: 7135: 7133: 7129: 7128: 7126: 7125: 7120: 7115: 7114: 7113: 7103: 7098: 7093: 7087: 7085: 7079: 7078: 7071: 7070: 7063: 7056: 7048: 7040: 7039: 7034: 7022: 7014: 7009: 7002: 7001:External links 6999: 6997: 6996: 6975: 6969: 6952: 6946: 6929: 6915: 6899:Worsley, Giles 6895: 6874: 6852: 6828: 6807: 6801: 6781: 6775: 6756: 6750: 6731: 6707: 6701: 6684: 6649: 6643: 6622: 6616: 6596: 6572: 6566: 6541: 6535: 6518: 6512: 6491: 6485: 6465: 6444: 6438: 6421: 6415: 6398: 6392: 6372: 6354: 6335: 6329: 6313:Jenkins, Simon 6309: 6303: 6283: 6277: 6260: 6254: 6234: 6228: 6208: 6151: 6145: 6129:Girouard, Mark 6125: 6119: 6102: 6096: 6079: 6073: 6056: 6050: 6033: 6015: 5996: 5990: 5970: 5964: 5944: 5923: 5917: 5900: 5880:Colvin, Howard 5876: 5855: 5833: 5827: 5814: 5796: 5778:Chaney, Edward 5774: 5768: 5747: 5741: 5724: 5706: 5686: 5684: 5681: 5678: 5677: 5644: 5611: 5609:, p. 173. 5599: 5572: 5541: 5515: 5484: 5451: 5420: 5418:, p. 658. 5408: 5375: 5342: 5309: 5297: 5295:, p. 112. 5285: 5259: 5247: 5245:, p. 161. 5235: 5223: 5185: 5173: 5169:Guerrieri 2021 5161: 5149: 5116: 5114:, p. 120. 5104: 5074: 5044: 5032: 5030:, p. 176. 5020: 5018:, p. 106. 5008: 4982: 4951: 4939: 4927: 4925:, p. 340. 4915: 4903: 4891: 4889:, p. 127. 4879: 4877:, p. 121. 4867: 4865:, p. 188. 4855: 4853:, p. 107. 4843: 4817: 4787: 4775: 4763: 4733: 4707: 4677: 4647: 4621: 4584: 4551: 4521: 4491: 4479: 4467: 4450:"Kilboy House" 4441: 4408: 4375: 4358:"Kilboy House" 4349: 4332:"Kilboy House" 4323: 4296: 4263: 4251: 4225: 4213: 4201: 4163: 4134: 4108: 4082: 4080:, p. 380. 4070: 4058: 4046: 4034: 4004: 3989: 3974: 3947: 3935: 3923: 3897: 3871: 3867:Sutcliffe 2006 3859: 3857:, p. 332. 3847: 3845:, p. 151. 3835: 3823: 3821:, p. 331. 3811: 3785: 3749: 3713: 3711:, p. 194. 3709:Summerson 1953 3701: 3674:"Holkham Hall" 3662: 3660:, p. 141. 3650: 3620: 3618:, p. 104. 3608: 3604:Summerson 1953 3596: 3566: 3564:, p. 128. 3554: 3550:Summerson 1953 3542: 3530: 3528:, p. 170. 3526:Summerson 1953 3518: 3516:, p. 784. 3506: 3470: 3436: 3403: 3401:, p. 182. 3391: 3361: 3349: 3347:, p. 140. 3337: 3333:Summerson 1953 3325: 3323:, p. 208. 3321:Summerson 1953 3308: 3306:, p. 188. 3304:Summerson 1953 3293: 3281: 3277:Summerson 1953 3269: 3236: 3224: 3194: 3192:, p. 281. 3182: 3180:, p. 803. 3170: 3153:National Trust 3139: 3127: 3125:, p. 280. 3115: 3089: 3077: 3065: 3053: 3051:, p. 168. 3041: 3037:Summerson 1953 3029: 3027:, p. 516. 3017: 3015:, p. 112. 3005: 3003:, p. 238. 2990: 2988:, p. 252. 2978: 2948: 2936: 2910: 2908:, p. 133. 2898: 2886: 2874: 2862: 2860:, p. 100. 2850: 2823: 2811: 2799: 2760: 2758:, p. 130. 2756:Summerson 1981 2748: 2744:Summerson 1981 2736: 2724: 2688: 2652: 2650:, p. 156. 2648:Wittkower 1974 2640: 2638:, p. 134. 2636:Summerson 1981 2628: 2596: 2594:, p. 696. 2584: 2572: 2560: 2529: 2496: 2494:, p. 194. 2484: 2431: 2419: 2417:, p. 251. 2404: 2378: 2366: 2364:, p. 129. 2351: 2349:, p. 186. 2339: 2337:, p. 240. 2327: 2325:, p. 551. 2315: 2311:Wittkower 1988 2303: 2301:, p. 156. 2291: 2261: 2259:, p. 549. 2249: 2237: 2235:, p. 409. 2221: 2220: 2218: 2215: 2212: 2211: 2191:Stephen Bayley 2182: 2163: 2138: 2120:, the blessed 2093: 2080: 2066: 2037: 2012: 1979: 1966: 1950:Sir Aston Webb 1942: 1925: 1916: 1904: 1900:John Summerson 1888:William Benson 1879: 1867: 1850: 1829: 1812: 1798:His façade of 1791: 1783:Sant'Eustachio 1774: 1761: 1751: 1726: 1713: 1692: 1679: 1663: 1653: 1652: 1650: 1647: 1645: 1642: 1641: 1640: 1635: 1630: 1625: 1619: 1618: 1602: 1599: 1549:Augustus Pugin 1545:Gothic Revival 1541:ancient Greece 1514: 1511: 1492:Lutyens' Delhi 1488:Kedleston Hall 1469:Wanstead House 1430: 1427: 1369:Leinster House 1315:Portland stone 1303:Stratford Hall 1174:Peter Harrison 1131: 1128: 1096:Florence Court 1094:in Dublin and 1007: 1004: 991:Whig Oligarchy 922:country houses 918:Kedleston Hall 898:Chiswick House 894:Dan Cruikshank 864:William Benson 848:Wanstead House 839: 838: 820: 803: 788: 785:Colen Campbell 760:Wanstead House 752: 749: 747: 744: 728:William Talman 665:Domenico Rossi 654:'s masterpiece 639: 636: 612:Tottenham Park 562:John Summerson 509:triumphal arch 474: 471: 350:, and include 274: 271: 255:Augustus Pugin 251:Gothic Revival 216:Roman Republic 157:Chiswick House 149:Wanstead House 139:Colen Campbell 68:is a European 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9059: 9048: 9045: 9043: 9040: 9038: 9035: 9033: 9030: 9028: 9025: 9023: 9020: 9019: 9017: 8999: 8996: 8994: 8991: 8990: 8989: 8986: 8985: 8981: 8975: 8972: 8971: 8969: 8965: 8958: 8957: 8953: 8952: 8950: 8946: 8939: 8935: 8932: 8931: 8929: 8925: 8919: 8916: 8913: 8909: 8906: 8904: 8901: 8900: 8898: 8894: 8888: 8885: 8883: 8880: 8878: 8875: 8873: 8870: 8868: 8865: 8863: 8860: 8858: 8855: 8853: 8850: 8848: 8845: 8843: 8840: 8838: 8835: 8833: 8830: 8828: 8825: 8823: 8820: 8818: 8815: 8813: 8812:Villa Piovene 8810: 8808: 8805: 8803: 8800: 8798: 8797:Villa Foscari 8795: 8793: 8790: 8788: 8785: 8783: 8782:Villa Cornaro 8780: 8778: 8775: 8773: 8770: 8768: 8765: 8763: 8762:Villa Barbaro 8760: 8758: 8755: 8753: 8752:Villa Arnaldi 8750: 8748: 8745: 8744: 8742: 8738: 8732: 8729: 8727: 8724: 8722: 8719: 8717: 8716:Palazzo Schio 8714: 8712: 8709: 8707: 8704: 8702: 8701:Palazzo Porto 8699: 8697: 8694: 8692: 8689: 8687: 8684: 8682: 8679: 8677: 8674: 8672: 8669: 8667: 8664: 8662: 8659: 8657: 8654: 8652: 8649: 8647: 8644: 8643: 8641: 8639: 8635: 8630: 8619: 8615: 8612: 8610: 8607: 8605: 8602: 8600: 8597: 8594: 8590: 8587: 8585: 8584:and monastery 8582: 8579: 8576: 8573: 8571: 8568: 8565: 8564: 8562: 8558: 8554: 8547: 8542: 8540: 8535: 8533: 8528: 8527: 8524: 8512: 8509: 8507: 8504: 8502: 8499: 8497: 8494: 8492: 8489: 8485: 8482: 8481: 8480: 8477: 8475: 8472: 8470: 8467: 8463: 8460: 8458: 8455: 8454: 8453: 8450: 8448: 8445: 8443: 8440: 8439: 8437: 8433: 8427: 8424: 8422: 8421:New Classical 8419: 8417: 8414: 8412: 8409: 8408: 8406: 8402: 8396: 8393: 8391: 8388: 8386: 8383: 8381: 8378: 8376: 8373: 8371: 8368: 8366: 8365:Structuralism 8363: 8361: 8358: 8357: 8355: 8351: 8345: 8342: 8340: 8337: 8335: 8332: 8330: 8327: 8325: 8322: 8320: 8317: 8315: 8312: 8310: 8309:Functionalism 8307: 8305: 8302: 8298: 8295: 8293: 8290: 8288: 8285: 8284: 8283: 8280: 8278: 8275: 8273: 8270: 8268: 8265: 8263: 8260: 8258: 8255: 8251: 8248: 8247: 8246: 8245:Expressionism 8243: 8241: 8238: 8236: 8233: 8231: 8228: 8226: 8223: 8222: 8220: 8216: 8208: 8205: 8203: 8200: 8198: 8197:Liberty style 8195: 8193: 8190: 8189: 8188: 8185: 8181: 8178: 8176: 8173: 8171: 8168: 8166: 8163: 8161: 8158: 8156: 8153: 8149: 8146: 8144: 8141: 8140: 8138: 8136: 8133: 8131: 8130:Neo-Manueline 8128: 8126: 8123: 8119: 8116: 8114: 8111: 8109: 8106: 8105: 8104: 8103:Monumentalism 8101: 8099: 8096: 8094: 8093:Mediterranean 8091: 8089: 8086: 8084: 8081: 8079: 8076: 8074: 8071: 8067: 8064: 8062: 8059: 8058: 8057: 8054: 8053: 8052: 8049: 8045: 8042: 8041: 8040: 8037: 8033: 8030: 8028: 8025: 8023: 8020: 8018: 8015: 8013: 8010: 8008: 8005: 8003: 8000: 7998: 7995: 7993: 7990: 7988: 7985: 7983: 7980: 7978: 7975: 7973: 7970: 7968: 7965: 7964: 7963: 7960: 7959: 7957: 7953: 7947: 7944: 7942: 7939: 7937: 7934: 7932: 7929: 7927: 7924: 7922: 7919: 7918: 7916: 7912: 7906: 7903: 7901: 7898: 7896: 7893: 7891: 7888: 7884: 7881: 7880: 7879: 7876: 7874: 7873:Romano-Gothic 7871: 7867: 7864: 7862: 7859: 7857: 7854: 7852: 7849: 7847: 7844: 7842: 7839: 7838: 7836: 7832: 7829: 7827: 7824: 7822: 7819: 7818: 7816: 7812: 7809: 7807: 7804: 7802: 7799: 7798: 7797: 7794: 7793: 7791: 7787: 7779: 7776: 7775: 7774: 7771: 7769: 7766: 7762: 7759: 7757: 7754: 7752: 7749: 7747: 7744: 7742: 7739: 7738: 7737: 7734: 7730: 7727: 7725: 7722: 7721: 7719: 7717: 7714: 7712: 7709: 7708: 7706: 7704: 7700: 7692: 7689: 7688: 7687: 7684: 7680: 7677: 7675: 7674:Ancient Roman 7672: 7670: 7669:Ancient Greek 7667: 7666: 7665: 7662: 7660: 7657: 7653: 7650: 7648: 7645: 7644: 7642: 7640: 7637: 7635: 7632: 7630: 7627: 7626: 7624: 7622: 7618: 7612: 7609: 7607: 7604: 7603: 7600: 7596: 7589: 7584: 7582: 7577: 7575: 7570: 7569: 7566: 7554: 7551: 7547: 7544: 7542: 7539: 7537: 7534: 7533: 7532: 7529: 7527: 7524: 7523: 7521: 7517: 7511: 7508: 7506: 7503: 7501: 7498: 7496: 7493: 7492: 7490: 7488: 7484: 7472: 7469: 7468: 7467: 7464: 7462: 7459: 7458: 7456: 7452: 7446: 7443: 7441: 7438: 7436: 7435:Low Countries 7433: 7429: 7426: 7424: 7421: 7420: 7419: 7416: 7414: 7411: 7409: 7406: 7405: 7403: 7401: 7397: 7391: 7388: 7386: 7383: 7381: 7378: 7374: 7371: 7370: 7369: 7366: 7364: 7361: 7359: 7356: 7354: 7351: 7350: 7348: 7346: 7342: 7339: 7337: 7333: 7327: 7324: 7322: 7319: 7317: 7314: 7310: 7307: 7306: 7305: 7302: 7298: 7295: 7294: 7293: 7290: 7288: 7285: 7283: 7280: 7278: 7275: 7271: 7268: 7266: 7263: 7261: 7258: 7257: 7256: 7253: 7251: 7248: 7244: 7241: 7239: 7236: 7235: 7234: 7231: 7229: 7226: 7222: 7219: 7217: 7214: 7212: 7209: 7207: 7204: 7202: 7199: 7198: 7197: 7194: 7190: 7187: 7185: 7182: 7180: 7177: 7175: 7172: 7170: 7167: 7165: 7162: 7160: 7159:Italian domes 7157: 7155: 7152: 7150: 7147: 7145: 7142: 7141: 7140: 7137: 7136: 7134: 7130: 7124: 7121: 7119: 7116: 7112: 7109: 7108: 7107: 7104: 7102: 7099: 7097: 7094: 7092: 7089: 7088: 7086: 7084: 7080: 7076: 7069: 7064: 7062: 7057: 7055: 7050: 7049: 7046: 7042: 7038: 7035: 7033: 7029: 7026: 7023: 7018: 7015: 7013: 7010: 7008: 7005: 7004: 6993: 6989: 6985: 6981: 6976: 6972: 6966: 6962: 6958: 6953: 6949: 6943: 6939: 6935: 6930: 6926: 6922: 6918: 6912: 6908: 6904: 6900: 6896: 6881: 6877: 6871: 6867: 6860: 6859: 6853: 6849: 6845: 6841: 6837: 6833: 6829: 6825: 6821: 6817: 6816:Penguin Books 6813: 6808: 6804: 6798: 6794: 6790: 6786: 6782: 6778: 6772: 6768: 6764: 6763: 6757: 6753: 6747: 6743: 6739: 6738: 6732: 6728: 6724: 6720: 6719:Penguin Books 6716: 6712: 6708: 6704: 6698: 6694: 6690: 6685: 6673: 6669: 6665: 6661: 6657: 6656: 6650: 6646: 6640: 6636: 6635:Penguin Books 6632: 6628: 6623: 6619: 6613: 6609: 6605: 6601: 6597: 6593: 6589: 6585: 6584:Penguin Books 6581: 6577: 6573: 6569: 6563: 6559: 6555: 6551: 6547: 6542: 6538: 6532: 6528: 6524: 6519: 6515: 6509: 6505: 6501: 6497: 6492: 6488: 6482: 6478: 6477:Jonathan Cape 6474: 6470: 6469:Mowl, Timothy 6466: 6462: 6458: 6454: 6450: 6445: 6441: 6435: 6431: 6427: 6422: 6418: 6412: 6408: 6404: 6399: 6395: 6389: 6385: 6381: 6377: 6373: 6361: 6357: 6351: 6347: 6343: 6342: 6336: 6332: 6326: 6322: 6321:Penguin Books 6318: 6314: 6310: 6306: 6300: 6296: 6292: 6288: 6284: 6280: 6274: 6270: 6266: 6261: 6257: 6251: 6247: 6243: 6239: 6235: 6231: 6225: 6221: 6217: 6213: 6209: 6197: 6193: 6189: 6184: 6183:11311/1261786 6179: 6174: 6169: 6165: 6161: 6157: 6152: 6148: 6142: 6138: 6137:Penguin Books 6134: 6130: 6126: 6122: 6116: 6112: 6108: 6103: 6099: 6093: 6089: 6086:. Cambridge: 6085: 6080: 6076: 6070: 6066: 6062: 6057: 6053: 6047: 6043: 6039: 6034: 6022: 6018: 6012: 6008: 6004: 6003: 5997: 5993: 5987: 5983: 5979: 5975: 5971: 5967: 5961: 5957: 5953: 5949: 5945: 5941: 5937: 5933: 5929: 5924: 5920: 5914: 5910: 5906: 5901: 5897: 5893: 5889: 5885: 5881: 5877: 5862: 5858: 5852: 5848: 5841: 5840: 5834: 5830: 5824: 5820: 5815: 5803: 5799: 5793: 5789: 5785: 5784: 5779: 5775: 5771: 5765: 5761: 5757: 5753: 5748: 5744: 5738: 5734: 5730: 5725: 5713: 5709: 5703: 5699: 5698:Penguin Books 5695: 5694: 5688: 5687: 5665: 5661: 5660: 5655: 5648: 5632: 5628: 5627: 5622: 5615: 5608: 5607:Robinson 1983 5603: 5587: 5583: 5576: 5560: 5556: 5552: 5545: 5529: 5525: 5519: 5503: 5499: 5495: 5488: 5472: 5468: 5467: 5462: 5455: 5439: 5435: 5431: 5424: 5417: 5412: 5396: 5392: 5391: 5386: 5379: 5363: 5359: 5358: 5353: 5346: 5330: 5326: 5325: 5320: 5313: 5306: 5301: 5294: 5289: 5273: 5269: 5263: 5257:, p. 36. 5256: 5255:Frampton 2001 5251: 5244: 5239: 5232: 5227: 5211: 5207: 5206: 5201: 5194: 5192: 5190: 5183:, p. 65. 5182: 5177: 5170: 5165: 5159:, p. 12. 5158: 5153: 5134: 5127: 5124:Weekes, Ray. 5120: 5113: 5108: 5092: 5088: 5084: 5078: 5062: 5058: 5054: 5048: 5041: 5036: 5029: 5024: 5017: 5012: 4996: 4992: 4986: 4970: 4966: 4962: 4955: 4948: 4943: 4937:, p. 38. 4936: 4935:Severens 1981 4931: 4924: 4923:Morrison 1952 4919: 4913:, p. 37. 4912: 4911:Severens 1981 4907: 4901:, p. 84. 4900: 4895: 4888: 4883: 4876: 4871: 4864: 4863:Tavernor 1991 4859: 4852: 4847: 4831: 4827: 4821: 4805: 4801: 4797: 4791: 4784: 4779: 4772: 4767: 4751: 4747: 4743: 4737: 4721: 4717: 4711: 4695: 4691: 4687: 4681: 4665: 4661: 4657: 4651: 4635: 4631: 4625: 4606: 4602: 4595: 4588: 4572: 4568: 4567: 4562: 4555: 4539: 4535: 4531: 4525: 4509: 4505: 4501: 4495: 4489:, p. 86. 4488: 4483: 4477:, p. 70. 4476: 4471: 4455: 4451: 4445: 4429: 4425: 4424: 4419: 4412: 4396: 4392: 4391: 4386: 4379: 4363: 4359: 4353: 4337: 4333: 4327: 4311: 4307: 4300: 4284: 4280: 4279: 4278:The Spectator 4274: 4273:"Irish Ruins" 4267: 4260: 4255: 4239: 4235: 4229: 4222: 4217: 4211:, p. 77. 4210: 4205: 4189: 4185: 4184: 4179: 4172: 4170: 4168: 4159: 4155: 4151: 4147: 4146: 4138: 4122: 4118: 4112: 4096: 4092: 4086: 4079: 4074: 4068:, p. 59. 4067: 4062: 4055: 4050: 4043: 4038: 4022: 4018: 4014: 4008: 4002:, p. 55. 4001: 3996: 3994: 3987:, p. 70. 3986: 3981: 3979: 3962: 3958: 3951: 3944: 3939: 3933:, p. 82. 3932: 3927: 3911: 3908:. DiCamillo. 3907: 3901: 3885: 3881: 3875: 3869:, p. 94. 3868: 3863: 3856: 3851: 3844: 3843:Girouard 1980 3839: 3832: 3827: 3820: 3815: 3799: 3795: 3789: 3773: 3769: 3765: 3764: 3759: 3753: 3737: 3733: 3729: 3728: 3723: 3717: 3710: 3705: 3689: 3685: 3681: 3680: 3675: 3669: 3667: 3659: 3654: 3638: 3634: 3630: 3624: 3617: 3612: 3605: 3600: 3584: 3580: 3576: 3570: 3563: 3558: 3551: 3546: 3539: 3534: 3527: 3522: 3515: 3510: 3494: 3490: 3486: 3485: 3480: 3474: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3448: 3440: 3424: 3420: 3419: 3414: 3407: 3400: 3395: 3379: 3375: 3371: 3365: 3359:, p. 15. 3358: 3353: 3346: 3341: 3334: 3329: 3322: 3317: 3315: 3313: 3305: 3300: 3298: 3290: 3285: 3278: 3273: 3257: 3253: 3252: 3247: 3240: 3234:, p. 63. 3233: 3228: 3212: 3208: 3204: 3198: 3191: 3186: 3179: 3174: 3158: 3154: 3150: 3143: 3136: 3131: 3124: 3119: 3103: 3099: 3093: 3086: 3081: 3074: 3069: 3063:, p. 25. 3062: 3057: 3050: 3045: 3039:, p. 66. 3038: 3033: 3026: 3021: 3014: 3013:Tavernor 1991 3009: 3002: 2997: 2995: 2987: 2982: 2966: 2962: 2958: 2952: 2946:, p. 80. 2945: 2944:Ackerman 1991 2940: 2924: 2920: 2914: 2907: 2902: 2895: 2890: 2883: 2878: 2872:, p. 99. 2871: 2866: 2859: 2854: 2838: 2834: 2827: 2821:, p. 42. 2820: 2819:Constant 1993 2815: 2808: 2803: 2787: 2783: 2779: 2778: 2773: 2767: 2765: 2757: 2752: 2745: 2740: 2734:, p. 83. 2733: 2728: 2712: 2708: 2704: 2703: 2698: 2692: 2676: 2672: 2668: 2667: 2662: 2656: 2649: 2644: 2637: 2632: 2616: 2612: 2611: 2606: 2600: 2593: 2588: 2581: 2576: 2570:, p. 52. 2569: 2564: 2548: 2544: 2540: 2533: 2514: 2507: 2500: 2493: 2488: 2469: 2465: 2461: 2457: 2453: 2449: 2442: 2435: 2429:, p. 77. 2428: 2427:Tavernor 1991 2423: 2416: 2411: 2409: 2392: 2388: 2382: 2376:, p. 90. 2375: 2370: 2363: 2358: 2356: 2348: 2343: 2336: 2331: 2324: 2319: 2313:, p. 31. 2312: 2307: 2300: 2295: 2279: 2275: 2271: 2265: 2258: 2253: 2247:, p. 18. 2246: 2245:Tavernor 1991 2241: 2234: 2229: 2227: 2222: 2208: 2204: 2200: 2196: 2195:Royal Academy 2192: 2186: 2179: 2175: 2174: 2167: 2160: 2156: 2152: 2148: 2147:Peter Zumthor 2142: 2135: 2131: 2127: 2123: 2119: 2115: 2111: 2107: 2103: 2097: 2090: 2084: 2077: 2070: 2063: 2059: 2055: 2051: 2047: 2041: 2034: 2030: 2026: 2022: 2016: 2009: 2005: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1992:Quinlan Terry 1989: 1983: 1976: 1970: 1963: 1962:Giacomo Leoni 1959: 1955: 1951: 1946: 1939: 1935: 1934:Mark Girouard 1929: 1920: 1913: 1908: 1901: 1897: 1893: 1889: 1883: 1876: 1875:Howard Colvin 1871: 1864: 1860: 1854: 1847: 1843: 1839: 1833: 1826: 1822: 1816: 1809: 1805: 1801: 1795: 1788: 1784: 1778: 1771: 1765: 1755: 1748: 1744: 1743:Batty Langley 1740: 1736: 1730: 1723: 1717: 1710: 1706: 1702: 1696: 1689: 1683: 1676: 1672: 1671:Giles Worsley 1667: 1658: 1654: 1639: 1636: 1634: 1631: 1629: 1626: 1624: 1621: 1620: 1616: 1610: 1605: 1598: 1596: 1592: 1591:Quattro Libri 1588: 1584: 1583:Quinlan Terry 1580: 1579:Raymond Erith 1576: 1572: 1568: 1564: 1560: 1555: 1554: 1550: 1546: 1542: 1538: 1534: 1527: 1523: 1519: 1510: 1508: 1504: 1503:Herbert Baker 1500: 1497: 1493: 1489: 1485: 1481: 1477: 1472: 1470: 1466: 1462: 1458: 1454: 1450: 1446: 1439: 1435: 1426: 1424: 1420: 1416: 1412: 1407: 1405: 1401: 1397: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1381: 1370: 1366: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1346: 1342: 1338: 1334: 1332: 1331:porte-cochère 1328: 1324: 1320: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1304: 1300: 1296: 1292: 1287: 1285: 1281: 1277: 1272: 1268: 1264: 1263:Barboursville 1261: 1260:James Barbour 1257: 1253: 1245: 1240: 1236: 1234: 1230: 1229:Piombino Dese 1226: 1225:Villa Cornaro 1222: 1218: 1214: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1193: 1191: 1187: 1183: 1179: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1148: 1144: 1140: 1136: 1127: 1125: 1121: 1117: 1113: 1109: 1105: 1101: 1097: 1093: 1089: 1084: 1083: 1079: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1063: 1059: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1038: 1036: 1032: 1029: 1025: 1016: 1012: 1003: 1000: 996: 992: 988: 984: 979: 977: 973: 969: 968:Victorian era 965: 961: 957: 953: 949: 945: 937: 933: 929: 925: 923: 919: 914: 910: 906: 901: 899: 895: 891: 883: 879: 875: 873: 869: 868:Wilbury House 865: 861: 857: 856:Henry Hoare I 853: 849: 844: 836: 832: 828: 824: 821: 818: 814: 810: 809: 804: 801: 800:Giacomo Leoni 797: 794: 793: 789: 786: 782: 779: 778: 774: 773: 772: 765: 761: 757: 743: 741: 737: 733: 732:John Vanbrugh 729: 725: 721: 717: 712: 710: 706: 702: 698: 694: 690: 689:Queen's House 685: 680: 678: 677:neoclassicism 674: 670: 669:Andrea Tirali 666: 662: 653: 649: 648:Queen's House 644: 635: 633: 629: 628:Claydon House 625: 621: 617: 613: 609: 604: 599: 597: 593: 589: 585: 577: 573: 572:Claydon House 569: 565: 563: 559: 555: 551: 548:in Venice by 545: 539: 534: 532: 528: 524: 520: 519: 514: 510: 506: 501: 499: 495: 487: 483: 479: 470: 468: 464: 459: 457: 452: 448: 447: 442: 438: 434: 430: 415: 411: 407: 405: 401: 396: 392: 388: 384: 380: 375: 373: 369: 365: 361: 357: 353: 349: 345: 341: 337: 333: 329: 325: 321: 317: 313: 309: 305: 301: 294: 290: 289: 284: 279: 270: 268: 264: 260: 256: 252: 248: 243: 241: 237: 233: 229: 225: 221: 217: 213: 209: 205: 201: 197: 193: 189: 185: 180: 178: 174: 170: 166: 162: 158: 154: 150: 146: 145: 140: 136: 132: 131: 126: 122: 118: 114: 110: 109:Queen's House 106: 101: 99: 95: 94:ancient Greek 91: 87: 83: 79: 75: 71: 67: 53: 48: 41: 40: 34: 30: 19: 9047:House styles 8973: 8954: 8937: 8911: 8857:Villa Thiene 8852:Villa Serego 8842:Villa Repeta 8827:Villa Pojana 8757:Villa Badoer 8651:Casa Cogollo 8617: 8592: 8570:Il Redentore 8479:Mesoamerican 8426:Contemporary 8404:2000–present 8395:Neo-futurism 8375:Blobitecture 8202:Modern Style 8118:Neoclassical 7925: 7866:Indo-Islamic 7841:Great Seljuk 7826:Vijayanagara 7720:East Slavic 7634:Mesopotamian 7546:12th century 7163: 7139:Architecture 7041: 6982:. New York: 6979: 6956: 6933: 6902: 6887:. Retrieved 6857: 6835: 6811: 6788: 6761: 6735: 6714: 6693:E. P. Dutton 6691:. New York: 6688: 6676:. Retrieved 6654: 6626: 6603: 6579: 6553: 6522: 6499: 6472: 6451:. New York: 6448: 6425: 6402: 6379: 6364:. Retrieved 6340: 6316: 6290: 6264: 6241: 6238:Harris, John 6215: 6200:. Retrieved 6163: 6159: 6132: 6106: 6083: 6060: 6040:. New York: 6037: 6025:. Retrieved 6001: 5977: 5951: 5927: 5907:. New York: 5904: 5883: 5868:. Retrieved 5847:Parks Canada 5838: 5818: 5806:. Retrieved 5782: 5751: 5728: 5716:. Retrieved 5692: 5668:. Retrieved 5659:The Observer 5657: 5647: 5635:. Retrieved 5624: 5614: 5602: 5590:. Retrieved 5575: 5563:. Retrieved 5544: 5532:. Retrieved 5518: 5506:. Retrieved 5498:The Guardian 5497: 5487: 5475:. Retrieved 5464: 5454: 5442:. Retrieved 5423: 5411: 5399:. Retrieved 5388: 5378: 5366:. Retrieved 5357:The Guardian 5355: 5345: 5333:. Retrieved 5322: 5312: 5300: 5288: 5276:. Retrieved 5262: 5250: 5238: 5226: 5214:. Retrieved 5203: 5181:Freschi 2017 5176: 5164: 5157:Metcalf 1989 5152: 5140:. Retrieved 5119: 5107: 5095:. Retrieved 5077: 5065:. Retrieved 5047: 5042:, p. 5. 5035: 5023: 5011: 4999:. Retrieved 4985: 4973:. Retrieved 4954: 4942: 4930: 4918: 4906: 4894: 4882: 4870: 4858: 4846: 4834:. Retrieved 4820: 4808:. Retrieved 4790: 4785:, p. 1. 4778: 4766: 4754:. Retrieved 4736: 4724:. Retrieved 4710: 4698:. Retrieved 4680: 4668:. Retrieved 4650: 4638:. Retrieved 4624: 4612:. Retrieved 4587: 4575:. Retrieved 4564: 4554: 4542:. Retrieved 4538:the original 4524: 4512:. Retrieved 4508:the original 4494: 4487:Gaustad 1979 4482: 4475:Gaustad 1979 4470: 4458:. Retrieved 4444: 4432:. Retrieved 4423:Country Life 4421: 4411: 4399:. Retrieved 4388: 4378: 4366:. Retrieved 4352: 4340:. Retrieved 4326: 4314:. Retrieved 4299: 4287:. Retrieved 4276: 4266: 4254: 4242:. Retrieved 4228: 4216: 4204: 4192:. Retrieved 4181: 4152:(2): 19–25. 4149: 4143: 4137: 4125:. Retrieved 4111: 4099:. Retrieved 4085: 4073: 4061: 4049: 4037: 4025:. Retrieved 4007: 3965:. Retrieved 3950: 3945:, p. 2. 3938: 3931:Worsley 1996 3926: 3914:. Retrieved 3900: 3888:. Retrieved 3874: 3862: 3850: 3838: 3831:Jenkins 2003 3826: 3814: 3802:. Retrieved 3788: 3776:. Retrieved 3761: 3752: 3740:. Retrieved 3725: 3716: 3704: 3692:. Retrieved 3677: 3653: 3641:. Retrieved 3623: 3616:Yarwood 1970 3611: 3599: 3587:. Retrieved 3569: 3557: 3545: 3540:, p. 8. 3533: 3521: 3509: 3497:. Retrieved 3482: 3473: 3461:. Retrieved 3446: 3439: 3427:. Retrieved 3418:The Guardian 3416: 3406: 3394: 3382:. Retrieved 3364: 3352: 3340: 3328: 3284: 3272: 3260:. Retrieved 3251:The Guardian 3249: 3239: 3227: 3215:. Retrieved 3197: 3185: 3173: 3161:. Retrieved 3142: 3137:, p. 5. 3130: 3118: 3106:. Retrieved 3092: 3085:Whinney 1970 3080: 3075:, p. 3. 3068: 3056: 3044: 3032: 3025:Pevsner 1960 3020: 3008: 2981: 2969:. Retrieved 2951: 2939: 2927:. Retrieved 2913: 2901: 2889: 2877: 2870:Worsley 2007 2865: 2853: 2841:. Retrieved 2826: 2814: 2802: 2790:. Retrieved 2775: 2751: 2739: 2727: 2715:. Retrieved 2700: 2691: 2679:. Retrieved 2664: 2655: 2643: 2631: 2619:. Retrieved 2610:RIBA Journal 2608: 2599: 2587: 2575: 2563: 2551:. Retrieved 2532: 2520:. Retrieved 2499: 2487: 2475:. Retrieved 2447: 2434: 2422: 2395:. Retrieved 2381: 2369: 2362:Worsley 2007 2342: 2330: 2318: 2306: 2294: 2282:. Retrieved 2264: 2252: 2240: 2206: 2185: 2171: 2166: 2155:Henbury Hall 2141: 2124:as a draped 2101: 2096: 2088: 2083: 2069: 2045: 2040: 2032: 2024: 2015: 2008:Country Life 1994:and his son 1982: 1969: 1964:(1686–1746). 1945: 1937: 1928: 1919: 1907: 1882: 1870: 1862: 1853: 1832: 1820: 1815: 1810:(1706–1714). 1794: 1789:, 1724–1727. 1777: 1764: 1754: 1746: 1735:Mount Vernon 1729: 1722:Timothy Mowl 1716: 1708: 1704: 1695: 1687: 1682: 1674: 1666: 1657: 1597:tradition." 1590: 1574: 1566: 1558: 1556: 1552: 1530: 1473: 1442: 1410: 1408: 1399: 1388:neoclassical 1384:Castle Coole 1365:Desart Court 1350: 1318: 1311:Drayton Hall 1288: 1280:new republic 1265:estate, the 1251: 1249: 1232: 1196: 1194: 1189: 1186:Rhode Island 1170:Yale College 1165: 1162:Rhode Island 1151: 1146: 1143:Villa Pisani 1085: 1060:in 1725 and 1049: 1039: 1020: 999:Horse Guards 980: 948:Woburn Abbey 941: 932:Woburn Abbey 905:Holkham Hall 902: 887: 882:Holkham Hall 871: 851: 842: 840: 830: 827:William Kent 822: 812: 795: 790: 780: 775: 769: 763: 713: 681: 657: 624:Holkham Hall 620:William Kent 600: 581: 535: 522: 516: 502: 491: 460: 455: 446:piano nobile 444: 429:Roman temple 426: 376: 371: 346:region, and 302:was born in 298: 286: 244: 196:Knobelsdorff 181: 177:Horse Guards 169:Holkham Hall 165:William Kent 142: 134: 128: 119:. After the 102: 65: 64: 37: 29: 8339:PWA Moderne 8225:Rationalism 8187:Art Nouveau 8175:Territorial 8155:Renaissance 8139:Queen Anne 8012:Elizabethan 7905:Plateresque 7900:Renaissance 7883:Sondergotik 7778:Carolingian 7724:Kievan Rus' 7553:Reenactment 7536:Carolingian 7169:Plateresque 7091:Renaissance 7075:Renaissance 6980:Robert Adam 5888:John Murray 3449:, Volume I" 3399:Colvin 1978 3357:Harris 1995 3178:Colvin 1978 3049:Chaney 2006 2894:Harris 1995 2178:Gavin Stamp 1890:manoeuvred 1859:John Harris 1533:Robert Adam 1526:Villa Capra 1380:James Wyatt 1376: 1747 1353:James Hoban 1347:(1822–1826) 1341:The Rotunda 1276:The Rotunda 1088:Russborough 1078:White House 960:state rooms 652:Inigo Jones 592:Inigo Jones 538:giant order 421: 1565 377:Palladio's 368:Renaissance 267:proportions 105:Inigo Jones 86:perspective 59: 1565 9016:Categories 8938:attributed 8912:attributed 8887:Villa Zeno 8807:Villa Godi 8618:attributed 8614:Le Zitelle 8593:attributed 8496:Portuguese 8370:Postmodern 8319:Organicism 8207:Modernisme 8192:Jugendstil 8051:Revivalism 8039:Industrial 8022:Portuguese 7796:Romanesque 7691:Achaemenid 7510:Structures 7316:Technology 7292:Philosophy 7255:Literature 7174:Portuguese 6864:. London: 6838:. London: 6824:1160730033 6727:1195758004 6668:1184498677 6633:. London: 6606:. London: 6525:. London: 6475:. London: 6461:1152916624 6428:. London: 6405:. London: 6382:. London: 6319:. London: 6293:. London: 6218:. London: 5980:. Oxford: 5954:. London: 5930:. London: 5886:. London: 5731:. London: 5584:. 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