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523:, whose impact on Kent is often underestimated). Nevertheless, his naturalistic style of design was his major contribution to the history of landscape design. Claremont, Stowe, and Rousham are places where their joint efforts can be viewed. Stowe and Rousham are Kent's most famous works. At the latter, Kent elaborated on Bridgeman's 1720s design for the property, adding walls and arches to catch the viewer's eye. At Stowe, Kent used his Italian experience, particularly with the Palladian Bridge. At both sites Kent incorporated his naturalistic approach.
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603:, Kent "was a painter, an architect, and the father of modern gardening. In the first character he was below mediocrity; in the second, he was a restorer of the science; in the last, an original, and the inventor of an art that realizes painting and improves nature. Mahomet imagined an Elysium, Kent created many."
336:
with some additional designs in the
Palladian/Jonesian taste by Burlington and Kent, which appeared in 1727. As he rose through the royal architectural establishment, the Board of Works, Kent applied this style to several public buildings in London, for which Burlington's patronage secured him the
241:
Kent's career began as a sign and coach painter, and he was encouraged to study art, design and architecture by his employer. A group of
Yorkshire gentlemen sent Kent for a period of study in Rome, and he set sail on 22 July 1709 from
578:
In his own age, Kent's fame and popularity were so great that he was employed to give designs for all things, even for ladies' birthday dresses, of which he could know nothing and which he decorated with the five
1275:
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1227:
254:, staying there until April 1710 before finally setting off for Rome. In 1713 he was awarded the second medal in the second class for painting in the annual competition run by the
281:
in Rome, for whom he apparently painted some pictures, though no records survive. During his stay in Rome, he painted the ceiling of the church of San
Giuliano dei Fiamminghi (
300:, Kent journeying on to Paris, where Lord Burlington later joined him for the final journey back to England before the end of the year. As a painter, he displaced Sir
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described Kent as below mediocrity as a painter, a restorer of science as an architect and the father of modern gardening and inventor of an art.
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in
Whitehall (designed shortly before his death and built 1750–1759). These neo-antique buildings were inspired as much by the architecture of
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269:, with whom he toured Northern Italy in the summer of 1714 (a tour that led Kent to an appreciation of the architectural style of
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Kent started practising as an architect relatively late in life, in the 1730s. He is remembered as an architect of the revived
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516:, Surrey, have recently been restored. It is said that he was not above planting dead trees to create the mood he required.
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Kent's only downfall was said to be his lack of horticultural knowledge and technical skill (compared to those such as
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391:(also in Norfolk) the most complete embodiment of Palladian ideals is still to be found; there Kent collaborated with
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1996:
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472:, a style of "natural" gardening that revolutionised the laying out of gardens and estates. His projects included
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designs, free of serious antiquarian tendencies, when the context called; he worked on the Gothic screens in
238:, and baptised on 1 January 1686, as William Cant. His parents were William and Esther Cant (née Shimmings).
173:
17:
1051:
2194:
979:
172:, painter and furniture designer of the early 18th century. He began his career as a painter, and became
1716:
Trees, Forested
Landscapes and Grazing Animals: A European Perspective on Woodlands and Grazed Treescapes
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512:, Oxfordshire, including a faux Gothic eyecatcher and a domed pavilion. His all-but-lost gardens at
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45:
1853:"Worcester Lodge to Badminton Park, with flanking quadrant walls and terminal pavilions (1153252)"
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358:
350:
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Horse Guards Parade, Kent's
Treasury is the stone building just beyond the Horse Guards building
207:. As a landscape gardener he revolutionised the layout of estates, but had limited knowledge of
25:
English architect, landscape architect, painter and furniture designer of the early 18th century
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955:
399:, whose own architecture would carry Palladian ideals into the next generation. Walpole's son
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1975:
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in central London from 1743, when it was commissioned by the newly elevated Prime
Minister,
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He complemented his houses and gardens with stately furniture for major buildings including
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https://books.google.com/books/about/The_evolution_of_the_grand_tour.html?id=rYB_HYPsa8gC
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2059:; Wright, Walter P. (1864–1940); Archer-Hind, Laura; Alden Hopkins Collection (1928) .
2033:
1883:
The
Evolution of the Grand Tour: Anglo-Italian Cultural Relations since the Renaissance
1465:, his philosophy is referred to as "the reconciliation of the feral with the refined".
296:
Kent left Rome for the last time in the autumn of 1719, met Lord
Burlington briefly at
1913:
Garden and Grove: The
Italian Renaissance Garden in the English Imagination, 1600–1750
539:
His stately furniture designs complemented his interiors: he designed furnishings for
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In country house building, major commissions for Kent were designing the interiors of
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22 Arlington Street, London (1741–50), completed after Kent's death by Stephen Wright
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1134:, interiors, including Cupola Room and several murals and painted ceilings (1733–35)
1927:
William Kent, Landscape garden designer: An Assessment and Catalogue of his designs
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755:, addition of wings and landscaping of the gardens & garden buildings (1738–41)
749:, garden buildings (1738), only the domed temple on the island in the lake survives
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452:. After Kent's death, the work was completed by his assistant Stephen Wright.
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1934:
The Work of William Kent: Artist, Painter, Designer and Landscape Gardener
785:
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Worcester Lodge at Badminton House, including interior plasterwork (1746)
698:
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of architecture. These and other absurdities drew upon him the satire of
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2065:. Vol. 2. London & Toronto, New York: J. M. Dent; 1928 Dutton.
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338:
243:
1128:, gateway in Clock Court & rooms for the Duke of Cumberland (1732)
2091:
945 pages Publisher: Hacker Art Books; Facsimile edition (June 1972)
1138:
740:
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364:
346:
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184:
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1991:. London, Boston, Melbourne and Henley, Routledge & Kegan Paul.
191:, and also originated the 'natural' style of gardening known as the
704:
652:
406:
A theatrically Baroque staircase and parade rooms in London, at 44
251:
1329:
Choir York Minster, showing Kent's black & white marble floor
1153:, Gothic screen enclosing law courts (1738–39), demolished c.1825
274:
247:
2022:
Blomfield, Sir F. Reginald; Thomas, Inigo, Illustrator (1972) .
508:
in the following generation. Smaller Kent works can be found at
468:
As a landscape designer, Kent was one of the originators of the
2198:
1989:
William Kent: Architect, Designer, Painter, Gardener, 1685–1748
1980:
Sicca, Cinzia Maria, (1986) "On William Kent's Roman sources",
1644:
Sicca, Cinzia Maria, (1986) "On William Kent's Roman sources",
1451:
Poets' Corner, Westminster Abbey, with the Shakespeare memorial
1156:
York Minster, Gothic pulpit and choir furniture (1741), removed
501:
39:
1678:"Location Wimbourne House, 22, Arlington Street SW1 (1066498)"
1658:
Morel, Thierry (2013). "Houghton Revisited: An Introduction".
649:, interiors and furniture (c.1726–31) & stables (c.1733-5)
2017:(2nd ed.). London: B. Quaritch – via Haithi Trust.
1801:
The Flâneur Abroad: Historical and International Perspectives
776:
16 St. James Place, London early (1740s) demolished 1899–1900
297:
1578:
Official website of the Church of St. Julian of the Flemings
1181:
Painted Ceiling Chiesa di San Giuliano dei Fiamminghi Rome,
410:, are also notable. Kent's domed pavilions were erected at
1964:. Britain Express, 1–2. Retrieved 26 September 2004, from
1902:
A Biographical Dictionary of British Architects, 1600–1840
677:'s Villa, designs for garden buildings (c.1730) demolished
328:
style in England. Burlington gave him the task of editing
1098:
761:, remodelling of the north front, interiors (c.1746–1748)
504:, opening the field for the larger scale achievements of
345:(1731–33, demolished in 1830), the Treasury buildings in
1768:"William Kent's English landscape revolution at Rousham"
1305:
mural & ceiling, Great Staircase, Kensington Palace
395:, the other "architect earl", and had for an assistant
180:, but his real talent was for design in various media.
1804:. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
680:
Richmond Gardens, garden buildings 1730–35, demolished
1972:
Landscape design a cultural and architectural history
1257:
Gateway (on right), Clock Court, Hampton Court Palace
187:
style of architecture into England with the villa at
1293:
painted ceiling, Presence Chamber, Kensington Palace
289:. The most significant meeting was between Kent and
168:(c. 1685 – 12 April 1748) was an English architect,
1850:
1824:
1672:
1666:
589:
Burlesque on Kent's Altarpiece at St. Clement Danes
1766:
1488:
1427:Chapel, Blenheim Palace, Marlborough tomb on right
1376:church, to Thomas and Catherine Stringer (1731–32)
1630:The Center for Palladian Studies in America, Inc.
671:, interiors and garden buildings (c.1730 to 1748)
2243:
731:including furniture (1734–35), demolished 1924–5
707:, Obelisk, Octagonal & Gothic temples (1733)
686:(ascribed), remodelled and interiors (c.1730–40)
308:, London; for Burlington, he helped to decorate
265:He also met several important figures including
2150:Hyams, Edward S.; Smith, Edwin, photos (1964).
2021:
1356:York Minster, to Thomas Watson Wentworth (1731)
1944:William Kent: Architect, Designer, Opportunist
1461:In the first episode of the television series
1439:Sir Isaac Newton's memorial, Westminster Abbey
643:, London, interiors and furniture (c.1726–29)
1317:Westminster Hall, with Kent's screen in place
791:Wakefield Lodge, Northamptonshire (c.1748–50)
2164:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2038:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1499:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
2085:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1412:Theophilus Hastings, 9th Earl of Huntingdon
973:Chiswick House, ceiling of Blue Velvet Room
2149:
2057:Gothein, Marie-Luise Schröeter (1863–1931)
1634:Palladio and British-American Palladianism
1386:, sculpted by John Michael Rysbrack (1733)
1162:, Gothic choir-screen (1741), removed 1820
38:
2138:English Gardens and Landscapes, 1700–1750
1915:, London, Dent; London and Philadelphia.
1712:
1595:
1593:
1539:The Georgian Group Journal Volume VI 1996
379:, Norfolk (c.1725–35), recently built by
16:For other people named William Kent, see
2125:
2046:
1758:
530:
459:
363:
267:Thomas Coke, later 1st Earl of Leicester
250:on 15 October. By 18 November he was in
2010:
1797:
1496:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1384:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough
480:, from about 1730 onwards, designs for
312:, especially the painted ceilings, and
2262:English landscape and garden designers
2244:
2190:Design examples on furniturestyles.net
2134:
1590:
1486:
1099:Public buildings and royal commissions
782:, garden building (c.1745), demolished
637:, London, interior decoration (c.1727)
455:
319:
2185:Short biography on britainexpress.com
1891:
1779:from the original on 10 December 2022
1657:
1532:
1456:
1105:Chiesa di San Giuliano dei Fiamminghi
526:
291:Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington
2195:14 artworks by or after William Kent
2025:The Formal Garden in England, 3rd ed
1764:
1662:. Royal Academy of Arts. p. 36.
1490:"Kent, William (bap. 1686, d. 1748)"
695:Kew House (1731–35), demolished 1802
551:, Norfolk, Robert Walpole's pile at
464:Cascade in gardens of Chiswick House
304:in decorating the new staterooms at
283:Church of St. Julian of the Flemings
1741:"Development of the English Garden"
1351:George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle
1334:
1147:, the library (1736–37), demolished
829:The Temple of Ancient Virtue, Stowe
13:
2312:English Landscape Garden designers
2180:Short biography on gardenvisit.com
2051:(2nd ed.). New York: Praeger.
2004:
1984:, vol. 29, 1986, pp. 134–147.
1857:National Heritage List for England
1831:National Heritage List for England
1683:National Heritage List for England
1648:, vol. 29, 1986, pp. 134–147.
1612:, Oxford University Press (1999),
692:, interiors and furniture (c.1731)
594:
14:
2323:
2173:
2014:A History of Gardening in England
1610:Oxford Dictionary of Architecture
1533:Neave, Susan & David (1996).
1391:James Stanhope, 1st Earl Stanhope
1245:Former Treasury Building, on left
817:Temple of British Worthies, Stowe
587:who, in October 1725, produced a
2297:Portraits of William Shakespeare
1719:. Oxon: Routledge. p. 387.
1568:See M. I. Wilson, 1984, pp. 9–10
1535:"The Early Life of William Kent"
1444:
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901:Worcester Lodge, Badminton House
894:
882:
870:
858:
846:
834:
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798:
743:(ascribed), Gothic temple (1735)
701:, the wings (c.1733), demolished
663:Sherborne House, Gloucestershire
631:), interior decoration (1721–24)
611:
606:
2292:British neoclassical architects
2252:18th-century English architects
2130:. Newton, Mass: C. T. Branford.
1911:Hunt, John Dixon, (1986; 1996)
1844:
1818:
1791:
1733:
1706:
1697:
1651:
1487:Harris, John (September 2004).
1343:, to John and Thomas Wainwright
559:in London, and at Rousham. The
421:Kent could provide sympathetic
260:A Miracle of S. Andrea Avellino
2307:Sustainable transport pioneers
2272:Principal Painters in Ordinary
1953:. Cambridge: Belknap Press of
1638:
1623:
1602:
1571:
1562:
1553:
1526:
1480:
1463:The Gentlemen (2024 TV series)
925:Dome of saloon, Chiswick House
547:(1729), London, Thomas Coke's
1:
2223:Principal Painter in Ordinary
2028:. New York: Macmillan and Co.
1559:See M. I. Wilson, 1984, pp. 5
1468:
1281:Kensington Palace Cupola Room
1269:Kensington Palace Cupola Room
225:
174:Principal Painter in Ordinary
49:
18:William Kent (disambiguation)
2257:English landscape architects
2135:Hussey, Christopher (1967).
2114:. München: Diederichs, 1988
1765:Owen, Jane (21 March 2014).
1520:UK public library membership
1473:
877:Triumphal Arch, Holkham Hall
737:, designed fireplaces (1735)
7:
2267:English furniture designers
1987:Wilson, Michael I., (1984)
1827:"Badminton House (1320832)"
1183:The Apotheosis of St Julian
1113:, marble pavement (1731–35)
913:Chiswick House, The Gallery
655:, Oxfordshire (designed by
621:, fresco on grand staircase
10:
2328:
2112:Geschichte der Gartenkunst
2049:A History of Garden Design
1896:. Historical Publications.
1874:
1713:Rotherham, Ian D. (2013).
1119:(1731–33), demolished 1830
1107:, painted ceiling (c.1717)
665:, furniture designs (1728)
565:Frederick, Prince of Wales
543:(1732), Lord Burlington's
436:He worked on the house at
15:
2302:Architects from Yorkshire
2230:
2220:
2212:
2207:
1925:Hunt, John Dixon, (1987)
1798:Wrigley, Richard (2014).
1745:Colorado State University
1137:former Treasury building
853:Holkham Hall, Marble Hall
841:Holkham Hall, North Front
414:(Gloucestershire) and at
159:
144:
117:
113:
105:
97:
78:
59:
37:
30:
2154:. New York: H.N. Abrams.
2126:Hadfield, Miles (1960).
2047:Clifford, Derek (1967).
2011:Amherst, Alicia (1896).
1955:Harvard University Press
1946:. London, Jonathan Cape.
1122:Royal State Barge (1732)
1093:Devonshire House, London
1057:Houghton Hall stableyard
569:National Maritime Museum
535:Prince Frederick's Barge
470:English landscape garden
287:Apotheosis of St. Julian
236:East Riding of Yorkshire
199:in Buckinghamshire, and
193:English landscape garden
154:English landscape garden
71:East Riding of Yorkshire
2277:People from Bridlington
1936:. London, Country Life.
1900:Colvin, Howard, (1995)
1892:Clegg, Gillian (1995).
949:Bedroom, Chiswick House
1881:Chaney, Edward (2000)
1505:10.1093/ref:odnb/15424
1396:Westminster Abbey, to
1389:Westminster Abbey, to
1069:Temple, Shotover House
1009:Chiswick House gardens
997:Chiswick House gardens
985:Chiswick House gardens
937:Saloon, Chiswick House
805:Temple of Venus, Stowe
536:
478:Stowe, Buckinghamshire
465:
372:
2062:History of Garden Art
1982:Architectural History
1976:Harry N. Abrams, Inc.
1932:Jourdain, M., (1948)
1646:Architectural History
1368:John Michael Rysbrack
1347:Henry VII Lady Chapel
865:Obelisk, Holkham Hall
659:), interiors (c.1726)
534:
463:
371:, in Norfolk, England
367:
351:Horse Guards building
256:Accademia di San Luca
2128:Gardening in Britain
1960:Ross, David, (2000)
1541:. The Georgian Group
1160:Gloucester Cathedral
1126:Hampton Court Palace
1045:'Praeneste', Rousham
961:Chiswick House table
541:Hampton Court Palace
444:, a district of the
431:Gloucester Cathedral
258:for his painting of
216:Hampton Court Palace
183:Kent introduced the
2216:Sir Godfrey Kneller
1970:Rogers, E., (2001)
1949:Newton, N., (1971)
1583:25 May 2009 at the
1398:William Shakespeare
1081:Temple, Euston Park
1033:Eyecatcher, Rousham
723:Matthew Brettingham
567:can be seen at the
484:'s villa garden at
456:Landscape architect
446:City of Westminster
438:22 Arlington Street
397:Matthew Brettingham
349:(1733–37), and the
320:Architectural works
170:landscape architect
2152:The English Garden
1966:britainexpress.com
1951:Design of the land
1929:. London, Zwemmer.
1851:Historic England.
1825:Historic England.
1703:Clegg, 1995. p. 47
1660:Houghton Revisited
1608:Curl, J.S. (Ed.),
1599:Clegg, 1995. p. 46
1457:In popular culture
1221:Plan, Horse Guards
773:, London (1742–44)
771:44 Berkeley Square
715:Earl of Burlington
537:
527:Furniture designer
466:
373:
218:, Chiswick House,
2240:
2239:
2231:Succeeded by
2120:978-3-424-00935-4
2105:978-0-87817-008-1
2072:978-3-424-00935-4
1904:. 3rd ed., 1995,
1885:, 2nd ed., 2000.
1518:(Subscription or
1408:Ashby-de-la-Zouch
1402:Peter Scheemakers
1360:Westminster Abbey
1341:Chester Cathedral
1145:St James's Palace
1132:Kensington Palace
719:Earl of Leicester
619:Kensington Palace
521:Charles Bridgeman
496:, and notably at
337:commissions: the
306:Kensington Palace
230:Kent was born in
163:
162:
92:, London, England
2319:
2213:Preceded by
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2110:Gothein, Marie.
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1335:Church memorials
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1151:Westminster Hall
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198:
197:Stowe Gardens
195:at Chiswick,
194:
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2282:1680s births
2225:to the King
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2197: at the
2151:
2143:Country Life
2137:
2127:
2111:
2061:
2048:
2024:
2013:
1988:
1981:
1974:. New York:
1971:
1962:William Kent
1961:
1950:
1943:
1933:
1926:
1912:
1905:
1901:
1893:
1882:
1860:. Retrieved
1856:
1846:
1834:. Retrieved
1830:
1820:
1800:
1793:
1783:14 September
1781:. Retrieved
1772:
1760:
1750:14 September
1748:. Retrieved
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1708:
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1687:. Retrieved
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1543:. Retrieved
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1528:
1508:. Retrieved
1494:
1482:
1460:
1364:Isaac Newton
1209:Horse Guards
1182:
1166:Horse Guards
1111:York Minster
721:executed by
711:Holkham Hall
690:Raynham Hall
598:
588:
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549:Holkham Hall
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450:Henry Pelham
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389:Holkham Hall
374:
369:Holkham Hall
329:
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240:
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213:
209:horticulture
182:
166:William Kent
165:
164:
122:Holkham Hall
84:(1748-04-12)
44:Portrait by
32:William Kent
22:
2287:1748 deaths
1382:Chapel, to
786:Euston Hall
725:(1734–1765)
699:Esher Place
669:Stowe House
657:James Gibbs
561:royal barge
442:St. James's
418:(Suffolk).
416:Euston Hall
393:Thomas Coke
332:Inigo Jones
285:) with the
232:Bridlington
205:Oxfordshire
139:Stowe House
98:Nationality
67:Bridlington
2246:Categories
2228:1723–1748
1587:(in Dutch)
1522:required.)
1469:References
1374:Kirkthorpe
1197:Royal Mews
1117:Royal Mews
486:Twickenham
339:Royal Mews
244:Deal, Kent
226:Early life
106:Occupation
2160:cite book
2081:cite book
2034:cite book
1942:, (2006)
1474:Citations
1168:(1750–59)
1141:(1733–37)
1139:Whitehall
741:Aske Hall
573:Greenwich
514:Claremont
387:, but at
347:Whitehall
326:Palladian
185:Palladian
149:Palladian
118:Buildings
109:Architect
73:, England
63:late 1685
1777:Archived
1581:Archived
653:Ditchley
494:Richmond
383:for Sir
252:Florence
145:Projects
1875:Sources
1862:11 July
1836:11 July
1689:30 June
1510:22 July
1362:to Sir
713:, with
355:Raphael
275:Vicenza
248:Livorno
101:English
2199:Art UK
2118:
2103:
2095:
2069:
1995:
1919:
1808:
1723:
1616:
1545:5 July
1516:
1414:(1746)
1404:(1740)
1393:(1733)
1370:(1731)
1353:(1730)
717:&
555:, for
502:exedra
488:, for
423:Gothic
401:Horace
1410:, to
1349:, to
298:Genoa
151:style
2201:site
2166:link
2116:ISBN
2101:ISBN
2093:ISBN
2087:link
2067:ISBN
2040:link
1993:ISBN
1917:ISBN
1906:s.v.
1864:2021
1838:2021
1806:ISBN
1785:2015
1752:2015
1721:ISBN
1691:2015
1614:ISBN
1547:2021
1512:2010
1185:1717
429:and
357:and
79:Died
60:Born
1501:doi
492:at
440:in
341:at
334:...
293:.
262:.
203:in
176:or
129:44
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2158:{{
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2107:.
2089:)
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1999:.
1957:.
1866:.
1840:.
1814:.
1787:.
1754:.
1729:.
1693:.
1620:.
1549:.
1514:.
1503::
20:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
