776:
767:
731:
740:
749:
35:
785:
611:
758:
668:
706:
797:
462:
813:
541:
504:
458:, the building was expanded to form what is now known as the Palais Neuf. An architect, Jean de Louvres, was commissioned by Clement VI to build a new tower and adjoining buildings, including a 52-metre (171 ft) long Grand Chapel to serve as the location for papal acts of worship. Two more towers and a bridge were built under Innocent VI. Urban V completed the main courtyard (known as the Court of Honor) with further buildings enclosing it. The interior of the building was sumptuously decorated with frescos, tapestries, paintings, sculptures, and wooden ceilings.
439:
679:(room of the stag), on account of the celebrated 14th-century frescoes, depicting courtly hunting scenes, that decorate the walls and vaults. The subject matter, while common in contemporary secular art, is as unexpected in a room supposedly dedicated to study as it is for a room in a papal apartment. The frescoes were probably painted by French artists, who were either highly influenced by Sienese art or assisted by Simone Martini and/or Matteo Giovanetti, both of whom served as Clement's court painter.
1901:
1355:
1913:
377:
286:, the most extravagant of the Avignon popes. Together they form the largest Gothic building of the Middle Ages. It is also one of the best examples of the International Gothic architectural style. The construction design was the work of two of France's best architects, Pierre Peysson and Jean de Louvres, and the lavish ornamentation was the work of two of the best students of the School of Siena (Italy),
602:, author of "Dictionnaire raisonné de l'architecture française du XI au XVI siÚcle" (Dictionary of French architecture from the 11th to the 16th century), who referred extensively to the Palais, including the thickness and height of its towers, the strength of its crenelated walls, the use of arches for support on its façades and its ability to withstand heavy and drawn-out sieges.
691:
During conclaves, it was in this room that the cardinals met to elect a new pope. For the occasion, the room was walled and only a small aperture was left open to provide all the necessary food. After each conclave, the temporary walls were destroyed, revealing a vaulted room opening to the rest of
588:
The Palais is also home to the
International Congress Centre, which was established in 1976 and today hosts a large number of events annually. These include congresses, parliaments, symposia, reunions and other gatherings, with the largest room, the 'Grande Audience', able to hold up to 700 guests.
344:
Despite this, the Palais became obsolete when the papacy found it necessary to return to Rome. The hope of reuniting Latin and
Orthodox Christians, along with the achievement of peace in the Papal States in Italy, made the case for returning stronger. Added to that was the strong conviction of both
519:
when the remaining interior woodwork was cleared away for use of the structure as a stables â the frescos were covered over and largely destroyed â this ensured the shell of the building's physical survival. It was vacated in only 1906, when it became a national museum. It has been under virtually
336:
Due to its immense size, the Palais was also the place where the general organisation of the Church began to change. It facilitated the centralisation of services and the adaptation of operations in order to suit the needs of the papacy, creating a truly central administration for the Church. The
840:
Since the chapel is quite limited in space just like the one of Staint
Martial, the painter used all avavable space to make the stories of the two saints known. This is why on the ceiling you can see both holy men and their parents, grandmothers who are half-sisters according to the bible and
828:
chapel, located under the Saint-Martial chapel. In contrast to the local holy figure
Martial this chapel is dedicated to John the Baptist as well as John the Evangelist and is sometimes even implied to be a link back to Rome and RomeÂŽs St. John Lateran. In this chapel painted by
548:
The Palais today is a historical and architectural landmark and primarily a tourist attraction, attracting around 650,000 visitors per annum, putting it regularly in the top ten most visited attractions in France. It also houses a large convention centre and the archives of the
687:
This room was used primarily as a reception room. Covered with tapestries on starry blue background, there is actually nothing left of these decorations. Indeed, a fire destroyed the palace in the 14th century: many parts have been restored or rebuilt.
499:
broke out in 1789 it was already in a bad state when it was seized and sacked by revolutionary forces. In 1791 it became the scene of a massacre of counter-revolutionaries, whose bodies were thrown into the Tour des
Latrines in the Palais Vieux.
597:
With 15,000 square metres (160,000 sq ft) of floor space, the Palais is the largest Gothic palace in all of Europe and, due to its many architectural merits, one of the most important in the world. These merits were highlighted by
841:
therefore ad strong familiar bonds between the two saints. The nord and east walls are filled with the stories of John the
Babtist while John the Evangelist resides over the south and west walls of the 5,6 m x 5,3 m and 10 m high chapel.
873:. The exhibitions shown since then include two exhibitions of Picasso (in 1970 and 1973), the comprehensive 2000 exhibition "La beauté in fabula" and, more recently, the exhibition "Les Papesses" (2013) and single exhibitions of
574:, in the Grand Chapel between 27 and 30 June 1947. Entitled "Exposition de peintures et sculptures contemporaines" (Exposition of contemporary painters and sculptors), it was the starting point for what would later become the
341:(Church administration), while 200 at the end of the 13th century, surpassed 300 at the beginning of the 14th century and reached 500 people in 1316. To this were added over 1,000 lay officials working within the Palais.
297:
In addition, the papal library housed in the Palais (the largest in Europe at the time with over 2,000 volumes), attracted a group of clerics passionate in the study of "belles-lettres", amongst them the founder of
1188:
Transformationen des ErzÀhlraums. Matteo
Giovannettis Fresken in der Johanneskapelle des Papstpalastes in Avignon translated to Transformation in the space of storytelling. Matteo Giovannettis Frescos in St. Johns
1721:
428:(New Palace). By the time of its completion, it occupied an area of 11,000 m (118,403 sq ft). The building was enormously expensive, consuming much of the papacy's income during its construction.
435:. The austere Benedict had the original episcopal palace razed and replaced with a much larger building centred on a cloister, heavily fortified against attackers. Its four wings are flanked with high towers.
488:
occupied
Avignon. The building remained in the hands of antipapal forces for some years â it was besieged from 1410 to 1411 â but was returned to the authority of papal legates in 1433.
1978:
1698:
1998:
1298:
775:
396:
a mere puppet of Philip who only lasted eight months, Avignon would become the residence of succeeding pontiffs in 1309, when the Gascon
Bertrand de Goth, as
420:, was that of the old episcopal palace of the bishops of Avignon. The Palais was built in two principal phases with two distinct segments, known as the
1566:
515:
French state for use as a military barracks and prison. Although it was further damaged by the military occupation, especially under the anti-clerical
766:
357:, both popes found the means to return to Rome, the first, on 30 April 1362, the second on 13 September 1370. This time, the return was absolute.
1155:
Rom im Exil. Die fiktiven RĂ€ume des Matteo
Giovanetti in Avignon translated to Rome in Exile. The fictional rooms of Matteo Giovanetti in Avignon
796:
730:
1731:
784:
739:
532:. He describes his guide as a she-devil with flashing black eyes who glories in the gory past when the building was used as a torture chamber.
416:(1334â42) and continued by his successors to 1364. The site, on a natural rocky outcrop at the northern edge of Avignon, overlooking the river
944:[Historic Centre of Avignon: Palais des papes together with the Pont d'Avignon] (in French). UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 6 May 2009
585:, which is held every year in July. It is also the site of many cultural and economic events including exhibitions, shows, and conventions.
1983:
1943:
1291:
484:
made Avignon their home until 1403. The latter was imprisoned in the Palais for five years after being besieged in 1398 when the army of
1716:
1515:
1770:
1609:
1581:
1543:
1525:
1474:
1363:
748:
1202:
1168:
1533:
1045:
64:
1968:
1933:
1386:
1284:
34:
1993:
1958:
1683:
1307:
974:
Raymond Dugrand et Robert Ferras, article Avignon, in La Grande EncyclopĂ©die, T. III, p. 1354â1355, Ăd. Larousse, Paris, 1972,
174:
365:
1617:
991:
Du vandalisme en France â Lettre Ă M. Victor Hugo, Charles de Montalembert, Revue des Deux Mondes, tome 1, janv. â mars 1833
835:
perspective construction and developed fictitious rooms and places that are more illusionistic than any pictures before them
890:
353:
that the seat of the papacy could only be the tomb of St Peter. Despite strong opposition from the Court of France and the
1034:
1263:
610:
979:
757:
306:. At the same time, composers, singers and musicians were drawn to the Great Chapel of the Palais. It was there that
412:
set up a magnificent establishment there, but the reconstruction of the old bishops' palace was begun in earnest by
1487:
1464:
1121:
1096:
1459:
1376:
364:
and many cardinals. It retained, however, a "work of destruction" aspect that French poets and writers such as
368:
have referred to over the centuries, with its powerful sense of beauty, simplicity, grandeur and immortality.
1741:
1396:
1973:
667:
1938:
1071:
560:
724:
worked there in 1344 and 1345. The reading direction of the painting should be made from top to bottom.
360:
In the following centuries, the Palais lost all of its former glory, despite serving as the seat of two
2003:
1988:
1891:
1746:
849:
The Palais des Papes regularly hosts art exhibitions. The tradition began in 1947, when the art critic
1506:
705:
1693:
1667:
461:
431:
The Palais Vieux was constructed by the architect Pierre Poisson of Mirepoix at the instruction of
152:
1751:
1333:
495:) for over 350 years afterward, it gradually deteriorated despite a restoration in 1516. When the
233:
during the 14th century. Six papal conclaves were held in the Palais, leading to the elections of
1963:
1953:
1948:
1663:
1649:
1639:
1329:
1226:
570:
The Palais regularly serves as an exhibition centre. The first major exhibition was initiated by
1826:
652:
11 â "tour d'angle" (angle tower) or "tour des Grands Dignitaires" (great dignitaries' tower) (
481:
254:
1622:
1436:
582:
575:
551:
516:
812:
123:
1510:
1323:
503:
477:
470:
354:
315:
230:
40:
8:
1711:
540:
528:
385:
267:
222:
111:
99:
1413:
1354:
1049:
1010:
837:" according to Dieter Blume an art historian and professor at the university of jena.
1905:
1631:
1451:
1391:
1196:
1162:
830:
485:
389:
1589:
491:
Although the Palais remained under papal control (along with the surrounding city and
1432:
1422:
1381:
975:
942:"Centre historique d'Avignon: Palais des papes, ensemble Ă©piscopal et Pont d'Avignon"
821:
721:
559:, which include a research centre on the papacy of Avignon, organised jointly by the
496:
432:
413:
408:". Clement lived as a guest in the Dominican monastery at Avignon, and his successor
319:
291:
279:
234:
874:
1659:
1483:
1371:
1271:
850:
825:
581:
The courtyard of the Palais des Papes is a central performance location during the
492:
451:
400:, unwilling to face the violent chaos of Rome after his election (1305), moved the
393:
330:
242:
207:
199:
1571:
1441:
1315:
1850:
1722:
Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe
1707:
1496:
1409:
1276:
916:"Historic Centre of Avignon: Papal Palace, Episcopal Ensemble and Avignon Bridge"
878:
625:
523:
447:
307:
283:
250:
238:
215:
438:
1838:
895:
599:
409:
405:
397:
287:
226:
1215:
See "Szczesny. Métamorphoses méditerranéennes", p. 7 (preface by Cécile Helle)
1927:
1917:
1688:
1627:
1492:
1417:
870:
715:
630:
2 â "tour des Latrines" (lavatory tower) or "de la GlaciĂšre" (icehouse tower)
469:
The popes departed Avignon in 1377, returning to Rome, but this prompted the
79:
66:
1756:
1703:
1654:
1594:
455:
270:
for its outstanding architecture and historical importance for the papacy.
246:
225:
buildings in Europe. Once a fortress and palace, the papal residence was a
854:
571:
1874:
1802:
1635:
401:
219:
1502:
512:
361:
350:
1255:
941:
915:
638:
6 â "tour des Anges" (angels' tower) or "tour du pape" (Pope's tower)
617:
164:
675:
The studium, or private study of Clement VI, is commonly called the
282:, which sits on the impregnable rock of Doms, and the new palais of
1900:
1866:
1862:
1830:
1798:
1556:
1427:
922:. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization
621:
556:
474:
324:
303:
299:
417:
1878:
1858:
1842:
1834:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1808:
1790:
1786:
1774:
1561:
1344:
862:
858:
720:
relates through painting the main parts of Saint Martial's life.
376:
346:
211:
122:
Historic Centre of Avignon: Papal Palace, Episcopal Ensemble and
51:
1699:
Funerary and memory sites of the First World War (Western Front)
1191:] (in ger). Regensburg: Lukas Verlag. pp. S. 123 - 131.
1854:
866:
278:
The Palais is actually two joined buildings: the old palais of
264:
1870:
1846:
1794:
1780:
1339:
338:
1599:
1551:
1562:
Prehistoric sites and decorated caves of the VĂ©zĂšre valley
844:
1046:"Le Centre International des CongrĂšs du Palais des Papes"
713:
Located on the second level of the Saint-Jean tower, the
1889:
442:
The Grand Chapel, where the Avignon popes worshipped.
1979:
Historic house museums in Provence-Alpes-CĂŽte d'Azur
384:
The palace's groundbreaking began in AD 1252. Under
614:
The Palais des Papes and its towers â from the east
526:describes a tour around this building in his book,
1306:
1925:
1999:14th-century establishments in the Papal States
644:9 â "tour Saint-Laurent" (Saint Lawrence tower)
565:institut de recherche et d'histoire des textes
511:The Palais was subsequently taken over by the
1292:
642:8 â "tour de la Garde-Robe" (wardrobe tower)
258:
192:
24:
1499:, Place de la CarriĂšre and Place d'Alliance
218:, is one of the largest and most important
1717:Routes of Santiago de Compostela in France
1516:Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps
1299:
1285:
1000:Charles Dickens: Pictures From Italy, 1846
962:Yves Renouard, La Papauté à Avignon, p. 7.
802:Saint Martial Chapel â west wall and door
1534:Abbey Church of Saint-Savin-sur-Gartempe
857:organised an exhibition of the likes of
811:
704:
666:
634:4 â "tour Saint-Jean" (Saint John tower)
609:
539:
502:
460:
437:
375:
1752:Pitons, cirques and remparts of RĂ©union
1387:Champagne hillsides, houses and cellars
901:
845:Art exhibitions at the Palais des Papes
700:
646:10 â "tour de la Gache" (waste tower) (
632:3 â "tour des Cuisines" (kitchen tower)
322:at the pope's invitation presented his
1926:
1684:The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier
1224:
1181:
970:
968:
658:12 â "tour de la Campane" (bell tower)
1618:Roman and Romanesque monuments, Arles
1280:
1272:Photos of the Popes Palace in Avignon
1201:: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (
1167:: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (
1148:
1144:
1142:
908:
662:
1225:Millet, Bernard (30 November 2001).
1157:] (in ger). pp. S. 36 - 49.
891:Palace of the Popes (disambiguation)
807:
16:Palace and museum in Avignon, France
1984:Art museums and galleries in France
1944:Buildings and structures in Avignon
965:
640:7 â "tour du Jardin" (garden tower)
636:5 â "tour de l'Ătude" (study tower)
366:Charles Forbes René de Montalembert
13:
1264:The Popes Palace, visit and report
1139:
1072:"The Pope's Palace | welcome"
682:
616:1 â "tour de Trouillas" (tower of
14:
2015:
1249:
520:constant restoration ever since.
1911:
1899:
1488:Royal Saltworks of Arc-et-Senans
1353:
1182:Jacobs, Hanna Christine (2019).
795:
783:
774:
765:
756:
747:
738:
729:
33:
1465:Nord-Pas de Calais Mining Basin
1218:
1209:
1175:
1114:
1089:
1064:
709:Inside the Saint-Martial chapel
592:
1969:Tourist attractions in Avignon
1934:World Heritage Sites in France
1460:Belfries of Belgium and France
1377:Belfries of Belgium and France
1308:World Heritage Sites in France
1038:
1028:
1003:
994:
985:
956:
934:
695:
273:
1:
1994:1309 establishments in Europe
1959:Gothic architecture in France
1742:French Austral Lands and Seas
1324:Palace and Park of Versailles
605:
465:The façade of the palais neuf
392:which ended in his death and
1011:"Palais des Papes â Avignon"
920:UNESCO World Heritage Centre
816:Inside the Saint-Jean chapel
7:
884:
380:Plan of the palace in 1914.
10:
2020:
1769:Shared locally with other
1664:Roman Theatre and environs
1557:Port of the Moon, Bordeaux
1414:Former Abbey of Saint-RĂ©mi
1351:
535:
371:
112:UNESCO World Heritage Site
1765:
1730:
1676:
1608:
1580:
1542:
1524:
1473:
1450:
1362:
1314:
833:complex architecture in "
259:
193:
184:
180:
170:
160:
145:
137:
129:
118:
109:
105:
95:
58:
47:
32:
25:
23:
1747:Lagoons of New Caledonia
1694:Fortifications of Vauban
175:Europe and North America
1442:VĂ©zelay Church and hill
1410:Cathedral of Notre-Dame
671:Detail of the paintings
654:underneath the roofline
561:Ăcole française de Rome
404:to Avignon during the "
202:: Palace of the Popes;
1827:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1648:, Episcopal Ensemble,
1149:Blume, Dieter (2015).
1097:"Saint-Martial chapel"
817:
710:
672:
659:
545:
508:
473:during which time the
466:
443:
388:who had conflict with
381:
257:in 1394. In 1995, the
96:Architectural style(s)
1567:PyrĂ©nĂ©es â Mont Perdu
1227:"La beauté in fabula"
824:was in charge of the
815:
708:
670:
613:
543:
506:
464:
441:
379:
1732:Overseas departments
1552:Episcopal city, Albi
1338:Paris: Banks of the
1076:Palais-des-papes.com
1015:Palais-des-papes.com
902:Notes and references
701:Saint-Martial chapel
355:College of Cardinals
316:Guillaume de Machaut
263:was classified as a
231:Western Christianity
41:Tour Philippe-le-Bel
1974:Museums in Vaucluse
1712:Chalonnes-sur-Loire
1623:Carcassonne citadel
1482:Great Saltworks of
1122:"Saint-Jean chapel"
820:From 1347 to 1348,
620:, a village in the
544:Le palais des Papes
529:Pictures from Italy
386:Philip IV of France
268:World Heritage Site
204:lo Palais dei Papas
76: /
1939:Museums in Avignon
1632:Calanches de Piana
1452:Nord-Pas-de-Calais
1392:Chartres Cathedral
1052:on 9 February 2012
831:Matteo Giovannetti
822:Matteo Giovannetti
818:
711:
673:
663:Clément VI studium
660:
624:frequented by the
583:Festival d'Avignon
576:Festival d'Avignon
546:
509:
486:Geoffrey Boucicaut
467:
444:
390:Pope Boniface VIII
382:
312:Mass of Notre-Dame
161:Reference no.
80:43.9508°N 4.8075°E
2004:Palaces in France
1989:Episcopal palaces
1887:
1886:
1433:Mont-Saint-Michel
1423:Abbey of Fontenay
1382:Bourges Cathedral
1231:La pensée de midi
982:(pour le T. III).
808:Saint-Jean chapel
722:Matteo Giovanetti
648:behind the palace
497:French Revolution
433:Pope Benedict XII
424:(Old Palace) and
414:Pope Benedict XII
320:Philippe de Vitry
292:Matteo Giovanetti
188:
187:
156:
2011:
1916:
1915:
1914:
1904:
1903:
1895:
1677:Multiple regions
1640:Scandola Reserve
1636:Gulf of Girolata
1484:Salins-les-Bains
1372:Amiens Cathedral
1357:
1301:
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1287:
1278:
1277:
1270:
1260:
1256:Official website
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1107:
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1059:
1057:
1048:. Archived from
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1021:
1007:
1001:
998:
992:
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983:
972:
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912:
851:Christian Zervos
799:
787:
778:
769:
760:
751:
742:
733:
493:Comtat Venaissin
394:Pope Benedict XI
337:manpower of the
331:Johannes Ciconia
262:
261:
260:Palais des Papes
196:
195:
194:Palais des Papes
150:
91:
90:
88:
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81:
77:
74:
73:
72:
69:
37:
28:
27:
26:Palais des Papes
21:
20:
2019:
2018:
2014:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2009:
2008:
1924:
1923:
1922:
1912:
1910:
1898:
1890:
1888:
1883:
1851:North Macedonia
1761:
1734:and territories
1733:
1726:
1708:Sully-sur-Loire
1672:
1604:
1590:ChaĂźne des Puys
1576:
1538:
1520:
1497:Place Stanislas
1469:
1446:
1358:
1349:
1310:
1305:
1268:
1258:
1252:
1247:
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1214:
1210:
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1180:
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1147:
1140:
1130:
1128:
1126:Culture.gouv.fr
1120:
1119:
1115:
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1103:
1101:Culture.gouv.fr
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1080:
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923:
914:
913:
909:
904:
887:
879:Stefan Szczesny
847:
810:
803:
800:
791:
788:
779:
770:
761:
752:
743:
734:
703:
698:
685:
683:The Great Tinel
677:chambre du cerf
665:
657:
651:
645:
643:
641:
639:
637:
635:
633:
631:
629:
626:Knights Templar
615:
608:
595:
538:
524:Charles Dickens
374:
333:came to study.
329:and there that
276:
216:Southern France
114:
85:43.9508; 4.8075
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1779:Shared with
1757:TaputapuÄtea
1704:Loire Valley
1655:Pont du Gard
1646:Papal Palace
1645:
1595:Chauvet Cave
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1259:(in English)
1235:. Retrieved
1233:(2): 112â113
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1129:. Retrieved
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1050:the original
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1018:. Retrieved
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253:in 1370 and
235:Benedict XII
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1906:Catholicism
1875:Switzerland
1803:Switzerland
1582:Centre East
1404:of Burgundy
1269:(in Polish)
877:(2010) and
696:The chapels
552:département
478:Clement VII
452:Innocent VI
426:Palais Neuf
402:Papal Curia
274:Description
243:Innocent VI
83: /
59:Coordinates
1928:Categories
1544:South West
1507:Grande Ăle
1503:Strasbourg
1056:1 December
926:20 October
826:Saint-Jean
606:The towers
513:Napoleonic
448:Clement VI
362:anti-popes
351:Gregory XI
308:Clement VI
284:Clement VI
251:Gregory XI
239:Clement VI
146:Designated
68:43°57âČ03âłN
1773:and with
1644:Avignon:
1197:cite book
1163:cite book
855:René Char
618:Trouillas
572:René Char
475:antipopes
310:used the
249:in 1362,
245:in 1352,
241:in 1342,
237:in 1334,
141:i, ii, iv
71:4°48âČ27âłE
1867:Slovenia
1863:Slovakia
1831:Bulgaria
1799:Slovenia
1771:region/s
1706:between
1511:Neustadt
1435:and its
1428:Le Havre
1402:terroirs
1151:Prof. Dr
885:See also
881:(2014).
871:Mondrian
790:4 angels
622:Pyrenees
563:and the
557:Vaucluse
325:Ars Nova
304:Petrarch
300:humanism
220:medieval
138:Criteria
133:Cultural
54:, France
48:Location
1892:Portals
1879:Ukraine
1859:Romania
1843:Germany
1835:Croatia
1823:Belgium
1819:Austria
1815:Albania
1809:Belgium
1791:Germany
1787:Austria
1775:Belgium
1408:Reims:
1398:Climats
1345:Provins
1131:10 June
1106:10 June
948:10 June
863:Picasso
859:Matisse
536:Present
456:Urban V
372:History
347:Urban V
247:Urban V
212:Avignon
208:Occitan
200:English
153:session
52:Avignon
1918:France
1855:Poland
1660:Orange
1330:Palace
1237:9 July
1189:chapel
1081:6 July
1020:9 July
978:
867:Braque
718:chapel
265:UNESCO
223:Gothic
151:(19th
100:Gothic
1871:Spain
1847:Italy
1795:Italy
1781:Spain
1493:Nancy
1340:Seine
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418:RhĂŽne
339:Curia
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149:1995
1877:and
1801:and
1710:and
1600:Lyon
1526:West
1486:and
1475:East
1400:and
1334:Park
1332:and
1239:2017
1203:link
1169:link
1133:2011
1108:2011
1083:2017
1058:2012
1022:2017
976:ISBN
950:2011
928:2021
869:and
480:and
454:and
349:and
290:and
227:seat
190:The
130:Type
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314:of
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