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1727:, passed on to a partnership that included Robert Owen, who became mill manager in 1800. In Owen's time approximately 2500 people worked at the mill, many from the poorhouses of Edinburgh and Glasgow. He improved conditions there notably, focusing in particular on children, for whom he provided the first infant school in 1817.The mills were a commercial success. When other partners were unhappy at the expense occurred by his welfare programs, Owen bought them out. New Lanark today is recognized by
1504:
1620:
1663:" that were created after the passage of the 1834 Poor Law amendment act. Owen's report was to spark a widespread âsocialistâ movement that established co-operatives, labour exchanges, and experimental communities in the United Kingdom, the United States, and Canada. Owen was to disseminate his ideas in North America beginning in 1824. His ideas were most widely received in New York and Philadelphia, where he was greeted by nascent working men's parties.
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poor when he finally returned to Canada in 1835. Through Osgood's influence, Robert Owensâ ideas were widely debated in
Toronto. Osgood's proposal elicited support from across Upper Canada in early 1836, and petitions for the Relief Union's incorporation were sent to the Assembly and Legislative Council. Significantly, Osgood's plan was proposed at the same time as the new Lt. Governor, Sir
1659:. When this poverty led to revolt, as it did in Glasgow in April 1820, a âcommittee of gentlemenâ from the area commissioned the cotton manufacturer and philanthropist, Robert Owen, to produce a âReport to the County of Lanarkâ in May 1820, which recommended a new form of pauper relief; the cooperative village. Owen's villages thus needed to be compared with the Dickensian "
1989:. B.A.P.C.K. rejected joint stock cooperative efforts as "systems of competition." Its aim was the establishment of an agricultural, manufacturing or trading community. They recognized that the success of cooperation depended upon parliamentary reform, and this proved the basis for working with the radical reformers who would go on to create the Chartist movement.
1862:, Lapham's Mills, Coxsackie, Greene County, New York (1826â1827). Also known as the "Coxsackie Community." Founded by Dr. Samuel Underhill, under the influence of Dr Cornelius Blatchly's "An Essay on Common Wealths" (1822). Saddled with debt, 27 members decided to join the Kendal community, leaving on 23 Oct. 1827.
2073:(founded in 1831, and abandoned in 1835). The aim of B.A.P.C.K. was to promote cooperatives, but its members recognized that political reform was necessary if they were to achieve that end. They thus formed a "Political Union" which was the principal form of political activity in the period before the
2201:
and prisons. It was in this working class milieu that Osgood met and debated with Robert Owen. Although attracted by the âhome colonyâ model of poverty relief, Osgood was offended by Owensâ anti-religious rhetoric. Drawing on
Owenism, rather than Owen, Osgood proposed to found âRelief Unionsâ for the
2166:
The
Working Men's Party emerged spontaneously out of strike action by journeymen in 1829 who protested having to work more than 10 hours a day. They appointed a Committee of Fifty to discuss organization, and they proposed running a ticket of journeymen in the legislative elections. At the same time,
2231:
sect" that is "compelled to appeal to the feelings and purses of the bourgeois class" to receive the funding necessary for utopian communities or other projects. Remaining advocates of
Owenism, claims Marx, now "violently oppose all political action on the part of the working class" such as Chartist
1646:
reform. Claeys notes that "Owenâs âPlanâ began as a grandiose but otherwise not exceptionally unusual workhouse scheme to place the unemployed poor in newly built rural communities." Owenâs âplanâ was itself derivative of (and ultimately popularized by) a number of Irish and
English trade unionists
2226:
that developed in the "early undeveloped period" of the struggle between the bourgeoisie and proletariatâ and that formerly put out literature "full of the most valuable materials for the enlightenment of the working class". However, Marx interprets
Owenism as having, by the time of his writing in
2032:
Robert Owen was resolutely apolitical, and initially pursued a non-class based form of community organization. However, as the focus of the movement shifted from the formation of utopian communities to cooperatives, Owenites became active in labour organization in both the United
Kingdom and the
1775:
Community, County Clare, Ireland (1831â1833) was organized on the estate of John
Vandeleur by Edward T. Craig. Unlike other Owenite communities, workers were paid âlabour notesâ which they could spend in the co-operative store. By this time, Owenism had moved on to its Labour Exchange phase. The
2178:
The new party quickly fell victim to factionalism over several controversial proposals. Owen's controversial contribution was a proposed "state guardianship plan" where children would be removed from their homes at the age of two and placed in government run schools, to protect them from the
1766:
formed the
Edinburgh Practical Society that operated a co-operative store, and a school. In addition, Hamilton provided his 290-acre estate, Orbiston, for the first Owenite co-operative community in the United Kingdom, in 1825. The community collapsed in 1827 on the death of its
2077:. Political Unions organized petitioning campaigns meant to sway parliament. The B.A.P.C.K. leadership thus formed the National Union of the Working Classes (N.U.W.C.) to push for a combination of Owenism and radical democratic political reform.
2197:(now Ontario) in 1835 by the Rev. Thaddeus Osgood, a Montreal-based evangelical minister. Osgood returned to London in 1829. Deep in debt, he was unable to return to Canada, and spent the succeeding five years preaching in London's
2080:
Owen himself resisted the N.U.W.C.'s political efforts at reform, and by 1833, he was an acknowledged leader of the
British trade union movement. In February 1834, he helped form Britain's first national labour organization, the
1949:
For the majority of Owenites who did not live in these utopian communities, the working-class Owenite tradition was composed of three overlapping institutions: "the cooperative store, the labour exchange and the trade union."
2167:
Owen and Wright were continuing their own efforts to organize New York City's working classes. The two groups uneasily merged, and were encouraged by their success in the elections. To support the movement,
1793:(1839â1845). This is the only other colony than New Harmony in Indiana founded by Robert Owen himself. In 1839 his Association of Classes of All Nations acquired five hundred acres at Queenwood farm.
1930:
Although the early emphasis in Owenism was on the formation of utopian communities, these communities were predicated upon co-operative labour, and frequently, co-operative sales. For example, the
1762:, owned an estate 8 miles outside Glasgow. He was one of the gentlemen who commissioned Robert Owensâ âReport to the County of Lanarkâ. In 1821, he and several other Owenite sympathizers such as
2002:, before closing in 1834. Beginning from the Ricardian Socialist view that labour was the source of all value, the exchange issued "Labour Notes" similar to banknotes, denominated in hours.
2159:, from 1828 to 1832. They also founded a "Hall of Science" in New York like those being created by Owenites in the United Kingdom. From this base, Owen and Wright sought to influence the
1975:, and served as a clearing house of information for Britain's 300 cooperatives. It provided pamphlets, lectures and "missionaries" for the movement. It held its quarterly meetings in the
1839:
to educate and emancipate slaves. To ensure emancipation without financial loss to slaveholders, slaves would buy their freedom and then be transported to the independent settlements of
267:
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1966:
1911:
When Orbiston collapsed in 1827 on the death of its founder, most of the residents moved to Upper Canada, where they formed the short-lived Owenite community of
1803:
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as mutually hostile because of Owen's refusal to engage in politics. However, Chartists and Owenites were âmany parts but one bodyâ in this initial stage.
1901:, Spring Lake, Mukwonago Township, Waukesha County, Wisconsin (1843). Also known as the Colony of Equality. Founded by several English organizations.
1585:
organized according to communitarian and cooperative principles. One of the best known of these efforts, which was unsuccessful, was the project at
2206:
was arriving in Toronto. Bond Head was an Assistant Poor Law Administrator, and intent on imposing workhouses for the poor, not Owenite colonies.
1315:
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in 1836. The London Working Men's Association led the Chartist movement demanding universal suffrage. Many have viewed Owenite socialism and
1635:" ideals of âfair exchange, just price, and the right to charity.â "Utopian socialistâ economic thought such as Owen's was a reaction to the
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It was from this heady mix of working class trade unionism, co-operativism, and political radicalism in the disappointed wake of the
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degeneracy of slum life and allow their optimum development through free schooling. By late 1830, the party was effectively dead.
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213:
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United States. In the United Kingdom, Owenites became further involved in electoral reform (now envisioned as part of a broader
1815:(1825â27). Founded by Robert Owen himself. He purchased the community of New Harmony from the religious communists known as the
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1946:(1825), which made clear that Orbiston was not to be a self-subsistent commune, but a co-operative trading endeavor.
1816:
357:
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Union is Strength: W.L. Mackenzie, the Children of Peace, and the Emergence of Joint Stock Democracy in Upper Canada
1895:, Pike County, PA (1843). An offshoot of Promisewell, built on the site of Fourierist phalanx "Social Reform Unity."
3007:
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Union id Strength: W.L. Mackenzie, the Children of Peace and the Emergence of Joint Stock Democracy in Upper Canada
1451:
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1589:, which started in 1825 and was abandoned by 1827. Owenism is also closely associated with the development of the
2705:, Birth of modern Britain series, International Library of Sociology and Social Reconstruction, Routledge, 1973,
2367:
Robert Owen and the Commencement of the Millennium: The Harmony Community at Queenwood Farm, Hampshire, 1839â1845
1539:
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Millar, W.P.J. (1977). "The Remarkable Rev. Thaddeus Osgood: A Study in the Evangelical Spirit in the Canadas".
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2236:; âłThe Owenites in England, and the Fourierists in France, respectively, oppose the Chartists and Reformists."
1961:." Although the paper was only published for two years between 1827 and 1829, it served to unify the movement.
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105:
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Cherok, Richard J. (1999). "No Harmony in Kendal: The rise and Fall of an Owenite Community, 1825â1829".
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2087:. The organisation began to break up in the summer of 1834 and by November, it had ceased to function.
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Backwoods Utopias: The Sectarian and Owenite Phases of Communitarian Socialism in America, 1663â1829
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Backwoods Utopias: The Sectarian and Owenite Phases of Communitarian Socialism in America, 1663â1829
1877:, Valley Forge, Chester County, PA (1826). Also known as "Friendly Association of Mutual Interests."
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1871:, Massillon, Ohio (1825â9). Also known as "Friendly Association of Mutual Interests at Kendal."
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Owen was no theoretician, and the Owenite movement drew on a broad range of thinkers such as
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732:
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609:
539:
514:
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2594:
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Morrison, John (1914). "The Toon o'Maxwell â an Owenite Settlement in Lambton County, Ont".
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Owen's economic thought grew out of widespread poverty in Britain in the aftermath of the
8:
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Between 1829 and 1835, Owenite socialism was politicized through two organizations; the
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The cooperative ideas of Owen and Combe were further developed by the Brighton doctor,
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Chants Democratic: New York City and the Rise of the American Working Class, 1788â1850
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Chants Democratic: New York City and the Rise of the American Working Class, 1788â1850
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Chants Democratic: New York City and the Rise of the American Working Class, 1788â1850
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2024:. A short-lived Labour Exchange was also founded in 1836 in Kingston, Upper Canada.
1577:. Owenism aimed for radical reform of society and is considered a forerunner of the
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Quest for the New World Order: Robert Owen and the Owenites in Britain and America
2524:
Quest for the New World Order: Robert Owen and the Owenites in Britain and America
2344:
Quest for the New World Order: Robert Owen and the Owenites in Britain and America
2325:
Quest for the New World Order: Robert Owen and the Owenites in Britain and America
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was founded in London in 1832 and spread to several English cities, most notably
1958:
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233:
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2626:
Palmer, Bryan D. (1980). "Kingston Mechanics and the Rise of the Penitentiary".
1827:
on a site now occupied by Antioch College, Miami Township, Greene County (1825).
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Machinery, Money and the Millennium: From Moral Economy to Socialism, 1815â60
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2015:
1695:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1581:. The Owenite movement undertook several experiments in the establishment of
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258:
1819:. The influential Owenite newspaper, "The Free Enquirer" was published here.
692:
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1836:
1150:
1100:
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992:
917:
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877:
837:
797:
772:
737:
652:
2723:
Royle, Edward (2000). "Chartists and Owenites â many parts but one body".
2649:
Citizens and Saints: Politics and Anti-Politics in Early British Socialism
2597:
Citizens and Saints: Politics and Anti-Politics in Early British Socialism
2564:
Citizens and Saints: Politics and Anti-Politics in Early British Socialism
2427:
Citizens and Saints: Politics and Anti-politics in Early British Socialism
1619:
1140:
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2014:. A similar time-based currency would be created by an American Owenite,
1939:
1763:
1675:
1613:
1570:
1373:
1255:
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1052:
1032:
972:
932:
897:
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642:
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342:
272:
138:
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1999:
1739:
1724:
1720:
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1343:
1250:
987:
817:
519:
474:
2274:
Co-operation and the Owenite socialist communities in Britain, 1825â45
1938:
operated a co-operative store to raise the capital for the community.
1889:, Munroe County, PA (1843). Also known as the Society of One-Mentians.
3393:
3088:
2250:
2219:
2198:
1790:
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559:
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434:
414:
404:
49:
2233:
2117:
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1771:
2477:. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 235â42.
2312:. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 94â132.
1755:
was a member. Mudie moved to Orbiston after this community failed.
3276:
2059:
Interior view of the Blackfriars Rotunda, where the N.U.W.C. met.
1840:
1776:
experiment ended when Vandeleur lost his estate through gambling.
1070:
529:
2128:
2065:
British Association for the Promotion of Co-operative Knowledge
1967:
British Association for the Promotion of Co-operative Knowledge
1728:
1075:
2139:
emigrated to the United States in 1825 to help his father run
1983:, and many other radical Owenites who would go on to lead the
1751:, which ran from 27 January 1821 to 9 March 1822. The printer
1515:
1486:
3550:
3283:
1964:
The next attempt to broaden the cooperative movement was the
1844:
1747:
between 1821 and 1824. Mudie published a weekly journal, the
887:
1919:
30:"Owenites" redirects here. For the prehistoric animals, see
2703:
Class and conflict in nineteenth-century England, 1815â1850
2143:. After the community dissolved, Robert Dale Owen moved to
1942:, the leader of that community, was to author the pamphlet
1758:
Archibald James Hamilton, the radical laird of Dalzell and
320:
2928:
2852:
2823:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. pp. 35â64.
1804:
History of the socialist movement in the United States
2098:, that a number of prominent Owenite leaders such as
2511:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. p. 106.
2027:
2679:
Robert Owen and the Owenites in Britain and America
2449:
2447:
2397:
Robert Owen and the Owenites in Britain and America
1883:, Van Buren Township, Monroe County, Indiana (1826)
1573:and his followers and successors, who are known as
2797:
2774:
2751:
2653:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp.
2601:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp.
2568:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp.
2390:
1731:and is one of Scotland's six world heritage sites.
1631:. His thought was rooted in 17th-century English "
3563:
2444:
2151:, a socialistic and anti-Christian weekly, with
2853:Karl Marx; Friedrich Engels (1 February 2008).
2420:
1854:, Haverstraw, Rockland County, New York (1826).
2846:
2804:. New York: Oxford University Press. pp.
2781:. New York: Oxford University Press. pp.
2758:. New York: Oxford University Press. pp.
2914:
2490:Ontario Historical Society Papers and Records
2227:1848, parted ways with Chartism to become a "
1971:founded in 1829. It was the successor to the
1612:, a utopian attempt; depicted as proposed by
1540:
1737:, a printer, formed an Owenite community at
2370:. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
2921:
2907:
2818:
2506:
2297:. Cambridge: Polity Press. pp. xviii.
1547:
1533:
3329:ICA Statement on the Cooperative Identity
2888:International Institute of Social History
2268:
2266:
1920:Co-operative movement and labour exchange
2671:
2540:
2521:
2487:
2341:
2322:
2127:
2084:Grand National Consolidated Trades Union
2054:
1618:
1604:
2795:
2772:
2749:
1835:, Tennessee (1825â28) was organized by
14:
3564:
2833:
2644:
2625:
2592:
2559:
2472:
2453:
2307:
2292:
2263:
1709:
3305:
2944:
2902:
2722:
2360:
2070:National Union of the Working Classes
1316:International socialist organizations
264:To each according to his contribution
3507:Co-operative Commonwealth Federation
1944:The Sphere for Joint Stock Companies
1698:. These men rooted their thought in
3546:History of the cooperative movement
3017:International Co-operative Alliance
2209:
2040:
1600:
24:
2859:. Wildside Press LLC. p. 46.
2276:, Manchester University Press ND,
2189:The Reform Movement (Upper Canada)
2123:
1995:National Equitable Labour Exchange
25:
3598:
2945:
2877:
2222:analyzes Owenism as a species of
2028:Political and labour organization
1714:
2895:at the Marxists Internet Archive
2147:and became the co-editor of the
2113:London Working Men's Association
1986:London Working Men's Association
1797:
1569:of 19th-century social reformer
1514:
1502:
1485:
56:
2836:Histoire Sociale-Social History
2827:
2812:
2789:
2766:
2743:
2716:
2692:
2638:
2628:Histoire Sociale/Social History
2619:
2586:
2553:
2534:
2515:
2500:
2481:
2466:
3572:Eponymous political ideologies
3399:Socially responsible investing
2430:. Cambridge University Press.
2414:
2384:
2354:
2335:
2316:
2301:
2286:
2272:Ronald George Garrett (1972),
1979:, with frequent lectures from
13:
1:
3022:Cooperative wholesale society
2256:
1593:, and with the spread of the
149:Critique of political economy
3445:Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen
3198:Health insurance cooperative
3061:Savings and loan association
2132:Frances Wright, c. 1825
2010:as a central bank issuing a
2008:National Chamber of Commerce
1591:British trade union movement
1419:Socialist calculation debate
1389:List of socialist economists
1364:Economic calculation problem
249:Socialist mode of production
106:Socialist calculation debate
27:Utopian socialist philosophy
7:
2819:Schrauwers, Albert (2009).
2507:Schrauwers, Albert (2009).
2239:
2182:
1934:created by the founders of
1932:Edinburgh Practical Society
1745:London Borough of Islington
10:
3603:
3306:
2884:Owenite Societies Archives
2473:Bestor, Arthur E. (1959).
2308:Bestor, Arthur E. (1959).
2232:advocacy for extension of
2193:Owenism was introduced to
2186:
2044:
1977:London Mechanics Institute
1973:London Cooperative Society
1923:
1801:
1657:London Mechanics Institute
29:
3541:
3513:United Farmers of Alberta
3499:
3468:
3412:
3337:
3316:
3312:
3301:
3258:
3211:
3190:
3152:
3119:
3074:
3041:
3034:
3002:
2962:
2955:
2951:
2940:
2067:, and its successor, the
1905:
1414:Socialism and LGBT rights
358:Socialist-oriented market
306:Socialist planned economy
209:Material balance planning
3525:Nepal Co-operative Party
2677:Harrison, J.F.C. (1969)
2645:Claeys, Gregory (1989).
2593:Claeys, Gregory (1989).
2560:Claeys, Gregory (1989).
2400:. Taylor & Francis.
2293:Claeys, Gregory (1987).
2075:Great Reform Act of 1832
1859:Forestville Commonwealth
353:Socialist market economy
278:Workers' self-management
244:Socialism in one country
91:Age of the Enlightenment
2856:The Communist Manifesto
2547:Charles Scribner's Sons
2541:Harrison, John (1969).
2528:Charles Scribner's Sons
2522:Harrison, John (1969).
2348:Charles Scribner's Sons
2342:Harrison, John (1969).
2329:Charles Scribner's Sons
2323:Harrison, John (1969).
2216:The Communist Manifesto
2047:Radicalism (historical)
1354:Criticism of capitalism
365:Participatory economics
199:Labour-time calculation
3354:Cooperative federalism
3349:Co-operative economics
2796:Wilentz, Sean (1984).
2773:Wilentz, Sean (1984).
2750:Wilentz, Sean (1984).
2173:Working Man's Advocate
2133:
2060:
1875:Valley Forge Community
1723:founded originally by
1704:labour theory of value
1624:
1616:
1359:Criticism of socialism
311:Decentralized planning
214:Peerâtoâpeer economics
3167:Community wind energy
2963:Primary cooperative (
2725:Labour History Review
2171:began publishing the
2155:, the founder of the
2131:
2058:
2021:Cincinnati Time Store
1887:Promisewell Community
1881:Blue Spring Community
1622:
1608:
2934:mutual organizations
2141:New Harmony, Indiana
1893:Goose Pond Community
1852:Haverstraw Community
1824:Yellow Springs, Ohio
1655:, co-founder of the
1595:Mechanics' Institute
1587:New Harmony, Indiana
1579:cooperative movement
1509:Communism portal
1492:Socialism portal
184:Industrial democracy
134:Collective ownership
3324:Rochdale Principles
3271:Agent-owned company
3056:Mutual savings bank
2161:Working Men's Party
1710:Utopian communities
1700:Ricardian socialism
1583:utopian communities
1394:Market abolitionism
1379:Left-libertarianism
316:Inclusive Democracy
283:Workplace democracy
129:Calculation in kind
111:Socialist economics
101:Revolutions of 1848
32:Owenites (ammonite)
3519:Co-operative Party
3404:Solidarity economy
3364:Economic democracy
3129:Collective farming
2737:10.3828/lhr.65.1.2
2392:Harrison, J. F. C.
2214:In Chapter III of
2169:George Henry Evans
2134:
2108:Henry Hetherington
2061:
2018:, who founded the
1753:Henry Hetherington
1661:Houses of Industry
1625:
1617:
1399:Marxist philosophy
219:Production for use
189:Inputâoutput model
154:Economic democracy
3587:Utopian socialism
3582:Social philosophy
3559:
3558:
3537:
3536:
3533:
3532:
3500:Political parties
3455:Rochdale Pioneers
3450:David Schweickart
3389:Social enterprise
3341:economic theories
3297:
3296:
3293:
3292:
3254:
3253:
3030:
3029:
2866:978-1-4344-9945-5
2350:. pp. 168â9.
2331:. pp. 63â78.
2224:utopian socialism
2204:Francis Bond Head
2157:Nashoba community
2096:1834 New Poor Law
1688:John Francis Bray
1564:utopian socialist
1557:
1556:
1349:Communist society
1321:Socialist parties
580:Saint-Simonianism
169:Equal opportunity
159:Economic planning
96:French Revolution
16:(Redirected from
3594:
3314:
3313:
3303:
3302:
3266:Friendly society
3203:Mutual insurance
3066:Building society
3039:
3038:
2960:
2959:
2953:
2952:
2942:
2941:
2923:
2916:
2909:
2900:
2899:
2871:
2870:
2850:
2844:
2843:
2831:
2825:
2824:
2816:
2810:
2809:
2803:
2793:
2787:
2786:
2780:
2770:
2764:
2763:
2757:
2747:
2741:
2740:
2720:
2714:
2699:Hollis, Patricia
2696:
2690:
2675:
2669:
2668:
2652:
2642:
2636:
2635:
2623:
2617:
2616:
2600:
2590:
2584:
2583:
2567:
2557:
2551:
2550:
2538:
2532:
2531:
2519:
2513:
2512:
2504:
2498:
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2478:
2470:
2464:
2463:
2451:
2442:
2441:
2418:
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2388:
2382:
2381:
2358:
2352:
2351:
2339:
2333:
2332:
2320:
2314:
2313:
2305:
2299:
2298:
2290:
2284:
2270:
2210:Acknowledgements
2137:Robert Dale Owen
2110:helped form the
2092:1832 Reform Bill
1957:, publisher of "
1867:Kendal Community
1680:Robert Dale Owen
1668:William Thompson
1649:William Thompson
1601:Economic thought
1549:
1542:
1535:
1521:Organized Labour
1519:
1518:
1507:
1506:
1505:
1490:
1489:
1434:Workers' council
1071:Gracchi Brothers
595:Social democracy
338:Market socialism
326:Project Cybersyn
254:Soviet democracy
239:Social ownership
194:Internationalism
174:Free association
144:Common ownership
60:
37:
36:
21:
3602:
3601:
3597:
3596:
3595:
3593:
3592:
3591:
3562:
3561:
3560:
3555:
3529:
3495:
3464:
3430:David Griffiths
3408:
3369:Guild socialism
3342:
3340:
3333:
3308:
3289:
3250:
3246:Social services
3207:
3186:
3148:
3115:
3099:Housing society
3094:Student housing
3070:
3026:
2998:
2947:
2936:
2927:
2880:
2875:
2874:
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2535:
2520:
2516:
2505:
2501:
2486:
2482:
2471:
2467:
2452:
2445:
2438:
2422:Claeys, Gregory
2419:
2415:
2408:
2389:
2385:
2378:
2359:
2355:
2340:
2336:
2321:
2317:
2306:
2302:
2291:
2287:
2271:
2264:
2259:
2242:
2212:
2191:
2185:
2126:
2053:
2045:Main articles:
2043:
2035:Reform Movement
2030:
2012:labour currency
1959:The Co-operator
1928:
1922:
1908:
1832:Nashoba Commune
1806:
1800:
1717:
1712:
1653:Thomas Hodgskin
1629:Napoleonic Wars
1603:
1553:
1513:
1503:
1501:
1484:
1477:
1476:
1447:
1439:
1438:
1429:Socialist state
1424:Socialist Party
1369:Economic system
1334:
1326:
1325:
1311:
1301:
1300:
1066:
1058:
1057:
638:
630:
629:
445:Democratic road
380:
370:
369:
296:
288:
287:
234:Social dividend
224:Sharing economy
124:
116:
115:
86:
78:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3600:
3590:
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3503:
3501:
3497:
3496:
3494:
3493:
3488:
3486:United Kingdom
3483:
3478:
3472:
3470:
3466:
3465:
3463:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
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3422:
3416:
3414:
3410:
3409:
3407:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3379:Neo-capitalism
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3345:
3343:
3338:
3335:
3334:
3332:
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2957:
2949:
2948:
2938:
2937:
2926:
2925:
2918:
2911:
2903:
2897:
2896:
2893:Essays by Owen
2890:
2879:
2878:External links
2876:
2873:
2872:
2865:
2845:
2826:
2811:
2788:
2765:
2742:
2715:
2691:
2670:
2663:
2637:
2618:
2611:
2585:
2578:
2552:
2549:. p. 201.
2533:
2530:. p. 214.
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2406:
2383:
2376:
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2211:
2208:
2187:Main article:
2184:
2181:
2153:Frances Wright
2125:
2122:
2100:William Lovett
2042:
2041:United Kingdom
2039:
2029:
2026:
1981:William Lovett
1926:Labour voucher
1924:Main article:
1921:
1918:
1917:
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1802:Main article:
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1715:United Kingdom
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1396:
1391:
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1384:Libertarianism
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1335:
1333:Related topics
1332:
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3502:
3498:
3492:
3491:United States
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3473:
3471:
3467:
3461:
3460:Beatrice Webb
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3420:G. D. H. Cole
3418:
3417:
3415:
3413:Key theorists
3411:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
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3380:
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3347:
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3339:Political and
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3327:
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3322:
3321:
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3315:
3311:
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3286:
3285:
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3134:Reforestation
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2990:
2987:
2984:
2980:
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2956:By governance
2954:
2950:
2946:Organizations
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2734:
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2726:
2719:
2712:
2711:0-7100-7419-0
2708:
2704:
2700:
2695:
2688:
2687:0-7100-6035-1
2684:
2681:, Routledge,
2680:
2674:
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2664:9780521364904
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2362:Royle, Edward
2357:
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2016:Josiah Warren
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1452:Related lists
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505:Laissez-faire
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410:Authoritarian
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164:Equal liberty
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33:
19:
3435:William King
3425:Charles Gide
3383:
3359:Distributism
3282:
3275:
3121:Agricultural
3051:Credit union
2930:Cooperatives
2855:
2848:
2839:
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2640:
2631:
2627:
2621:
2596:
2588:
2563:
2555:
2545:. New York:
2542:
2536:
2526:. New York:
2523:
2517:
2508:
2502:
2493:
2489:
2483:
2474:
2468:
2459:
2456:Ohio History
2455:
2426:
2416:
2396:
2386:
2366:
2356:
2346:. New York:
2343:
2337:
2327:. New York:
2324:
2318:
2309:
2303:
2294:
2288:
2273:
2215:
2213:
2195:Upper Canada
2192:
2177:
2172:
2165:
2148:
2135:
2111:
2089:
2082:
2079:
2068:
2062:
2031:
2019:
2011:
2007:
1993:
1991:
1984:
1976:
1972:
1969:(B.A.P.C.K.)
1965:
1963:
1955:William King
1952:
1948:
1943:
1935:
1931:
1929:
1915:near Sarnia.
1912:
1898:
1892:
1886:
1880:
1874:
1866:
1857:
1851:
1850:Franklin or
1837:Fanny Wright
1830:
1822:
1810:
1784:
1780:Harmony Hall
1779:
1770:
1759:
1748:
1738:
1735:George Mudie
1692:William King
1684:George Mudie
1665:
1626:
1574:
1559:
1558:
549:
465:Evolutionary
385:21st-century
179:Freed market
3440:Robert Owen
3104:egalitarian
2731:(1): 2â21.
2246:Cooperative
2229:reactionary
2104:John Cleave
2006:proposed a
1940:Abram Combe
1811:New Harmony
1764:Abram Combe
1676:Abram Combe
1639:impetus of
1623:Robert Owen
1614:Robert Owen
1610:New Harmony
1571:Robert Owen
1496:WikiProject
1374:French Left
1166:Spiridonova
1065:Politicians
978:Castoriadis
658:Saint-Simon
610:Third World
605:Syndicalism
540:Nationalist
515:Libertarian
480:Free-market
343:Lange model
331:Soviet-type
301:Communalism
273:Vanguardism
229:Spontaneism
139:Cooperative
85:Development
3566:Categories
3144:Wheat pool
3139:Winemaking
3035:By product
3004:Federation
2989:Purchasing
2257:References
2199:workhouses
2000:Birmingham
1740:Spa Fields
1725:David Dale
1721:New Lanark
1641:Malthusian
1597:movement.
1567:philosophy
1467:Socialists
1462:By country
1344:Capitalism
1226:Mitterrand
1191:Gerhardsen
1136:Liebknecht
1121:Markievicz
1048:Varoufakis
998:Fotopoulos
668:Saint-Just
663:Buonarroti
648:Campanella
585:Scientific
520:Marhaenism
475:Fourierism
460:Ecological
440:Democratic
3469:By region
3394:Socialism
3374:Mutualism
3231:Recycling
3191:Insurance
3182:Broadband
3177:Telephone
3089:Cohousing
2634:(25): 30.
2251:Owenstown
2220:Karl Marx
2004:John Gray
1813:, Indiana
1791:Hampshire
1785:Queenwood
1749:Economist
1743:, in the
1672:John Gray
1339:Anarchism
1261:Gorbachev
1111:Malatesta
1106:Bernstein
883:Pankhurst
863:Pannekoek
853:Luxemburg
808:Plekhanov
783:Carpenter
778:Kropotkin
575:Ricardian
565:Religious
560:Reformism
545:Nkrumaism
535:Municipal
435:Communism
430:Christian
415:Blanquism
405:Anarchism
348:Mutualism
50:Socialism
3515:(Canada)
3509:(Canada)
3317:Identity
3236:Platform
3172:Electric
3084:Building
2994:Retailer
2974:Consumer
2462:: 26â38.
2424:(1989).
2394:(2009).
2364:(1998).
2240:See also
2234:suffrage
2118:Chartism
2094:and the
2051:Chartism
1936:Orbiston
1817:Rappites
1772:Ralahine
1767:founder.
1760:Orbiston
1702:and the
1647:such as
1644:Poor Law
1575:Owenites
1457:Category
1196:Erlander
1156:Kerensky
1126:Connolly
983:Thompson
968:Bookchin
958:Montseny
908:Vanzetti
873:Einstein
843:Landauer
748:Saltykov
743:Lassalle
703:Proudhon
485:Gandhian
470:Feminist
420:Buddhist
400:Agrarian
378:Variants
42:a series
40:Part of
18:Owenites
3577:Owenism
3481:Ukraine
3384:Owenism
3277:Stokvel
3154:Utility
3109:commune
3076:Housing
3043:Banking
2886:at the
2760:190â201
2713:, p.176
2689:, p.212
2496:: 5â12.
1913:Maxwell
1841:Liberia
1562:is the
1560:Owenism
1291:SĂĄnchez
1276:Sankara
1236:Mandela
1221:Kreisky
1211:Allende
1206:Senghor
1201:Douglas
1186:Durruti
1151:Trotsky
1043:Graeber
1023:Hampton
993:Chomsky
938:Marcuse
923:Gramsci
913:Bordiga
903:Polanyi
858:Russell
848:Berkman
838:Goldman
828:Du Bois
798:Kautsky
793:Bellamy
758:Tolstoy
733:Wallace
718:Bakunin
708:Greeley
698:Blanqui
678:Fourier
625:Zionist
615:Utopian
555:Popular
550:Owenism
530:Marxism
510:Liberal
495:Islamic
455:Ethical
450:Digital
425:Chinese
390:African
74:Outline
69:History
3476:Canada
3307:Topics
2979:Worker
2863:
2709:
2685:
2661:
2609:
2576:
2434:
2404:
2374:
2280:
2183:Canada
1906:Canada
1869:, Ohio
1729:UNESCO
1694:, and
1286:Marcos
1281:ChĂĄvez
1271:Corbyn
1246:Manley
1241:DubÄek
1231:Nasser
1171:Makhno
1161:Attlee
1146:Martov
1131:Gandhi
1086:Babeuf
1076:Mazdak
1038:Hedges
1018:Ăcalan
1003:Newton
963:Sartre
953:Guérin
948:Orwell
898:Korsch
893:LukĂĄcs
878:Keller
868:Rocker
813:Ferrer
768:Morris
763:Michel
738:Lavrov
728:Engels
713:Herzen
688:Leroux
620:Yellow
525:Market
500:Jewish
295:Models
3551:.coop
3284:Artel
3259:Other
3241:Media
3212:Other
2842:: 68.
1845:Haiti
1690:, Dr
1472:Songs
1446:Lists
1251:Palme
1101:Bebel
1091:Blanc
1053:Saito
1028:ĆœiĆŸek
1008:Wolff
943:James
928:Sacco
918:Serge
888:Volin
833:Gorky
823:Wells
818:Dewey
803:Wilde
788:Sorel
773:Jones
683:Cabet
653:Paine
600:State
590:Sewer
490:Guild
268:needs
123:Ideas
3521:(UK)
3224:list
3219:Food
3158:list
3008:list
2983:list
2965:list
2932:and
2861:ISBN
2707:ISBN
2683:ISBN
2659:ISBN
2657:â6.
2607:ISBN
2574:ISBN
2432:ISBN
2402:ISBN
2372:ISBN
2278:ISBN
2106:and
2049:and
1992:The
1843:and
1787:Farm
1651:and
1266:Lula
1181:Nagy
1176:Tito
1141:Blum
1116:Debs
1096:Hong
1081:Roux
1033:West
988:Ward
973:Zinn
723:Marx
673:Owen
643:More
395:Arab
321:OGAS
2806:210
2783:179
2733:doi
2655:184
2603:180
2570:176
2494:XII
2460:108
2037:).
1256:Che
1013:Ali
933:Day
693:Sue
3568::
2840:19
2838:.
2729:65
2727:.
2701:,
2632:13
2630:.
2605:.
2572:.
2492:.
2458:.
2446:^
2265:^
2218:,
2175:.
2163:.
2102:,
1789:,
1706:.
1686:,
1682:,
1678:,
1674:,
1670:,
44:on
3160:)
3156:(
3010:)
3006:(
2985:)
2981:(
2967:)
2922:e
2915:t
2908:v
2869:.
2808:.
2785:.
2762:.
2739:.
2735::
2667:.
2615:.
2582:.
2440:.
2410:.
2380:.
1847:.
1548:e
1541:t
1534:v
1498:)
1494:(
266:/
34:.
20:)
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