677:
617:
and especially Miep and her husband and Bep
Voskuil provided us with everything for two whole years, with incomparable devotion and sacrifice and despite all danger. I can't even begin to describe it. How will I ever begin to repay everything they did. But what has happened since then? To them, to you to Robert . Are you in touch with Julius and Walter? All our possessions are gone. There won't be a pin left, the Germans stole everything. Not a photo, letter or document remains. Financially, we were fine in the past few years, I earned good money and saved it. Now it's all gone. But I don't think about any of that. We have lived through too much to worry about that kind of thing. Only the children matter, the children. I hope to get news from you immediately. Maybe you've already heard news about the girls.
256:
644:, Frank immediately started to read the papers. Later he began transcribing them for his relatives in Switzerland. He was persuaded that Anne's writing shed light on the experiences of those who suffered persecution under the Nazis and was urged to consider publishing it. He typed out the diary into a single manuscript, editing out sections he thought too personal to his family or too mundane to be of interest to the general reader. The manuscript was read by Dutch historian
40:
2325:
688:(1905–1998) in Amsterdam on 10 November 1953, and the couple moved to Basel, Switzerland, where he had family, including relatives' children, with whom he shared his experiences. In 1963, he founded the Anne Frank Foundation in Basel (not to be confused with the Anne Frank Foundation in Amsterdam, see below), which is devoted to global distribution and use of the
510:'s agent in Amsterdam, allowing Otto to have an income to support his family once they had moved there. Otto and his family lived in Merwedeplein in the modern suburb of Amsterdam-Zuid; they came to know many other German emigrant families. In 1938, Otto Frank started a second company, Pectacon, which was a wholesaler of herbs,
375:, and moved to Frankfurt in 1879, marrying Alice Stern in 1886. Alice and Michael Frank placed value on a middle-class education. Otto had music lessons, learned to ride a horse and visited the theater and opera regularly. The Frank family enjoyed a large circle of friends, and kept a welcoming home. Otto studied economics in
591:. Miep Gies and Bep Voskuijl were not arrested with the group. Miep managed to excuse herself by saying she knew nothing of those in hiding, and Johannes Kleiman managed to excuse Bep Voskuijl from being arrested. These two people would rescue Anne's diary before the Nazis cleared out the hiding place.
733:
In 1976, Nazi sympathizer Ernst Römer accused Frank of editing and fabricating parts of Anne's diary. Frank filed a lawsuit against him. As with the previous case, the court determined that the diary was authentic. Römer demanded a second investigation, but on this occasion the
Hamburg District Court
616:
The closer we get to home, the greater our impatience to hear from our loved ones. Everything that's happened the past few years! Until our arrest, I don't know exactly what caused it, even now, at least we still had contact with each other. I don't know what's happened since then. Kugler and
Kleiman
606:
on 27 January 1945. After the liberation of
Auschwitz, Otto Frank wrote to his mother in Switzerland, where she had fled in 1933 when Hitler came to power. He travelled back to the Netherlands over the next six months and searched diligently for his family and friends. By the end of 1945, he realized
703:
helped establish the Anne Frank
Foundation in Amsterdam on 3 May 1957, with the principal aim to save and restore the building so it could be opened to the general public. With the aid of public donations, the building and the adjacent one were purchased by the Amsterdam-based foundation. It opened
744:
ink, which did not exist prior to 1951. However, the BKA found that these parts were simply two scraps of paper not attached to the manuscript and clearly written in different handwriting. Some page numbers are presumed to have been added by Otto Frank when compiling the diary for publication. No
711:
For the rest of his life, Otto Frank dedicated himself to the publication of the diary and the ideals his daughter had expressed in it. Otto Frank died of lung cancer on 19 August 1980 in
Birsfelden and his ashes were buried in the town's cemetery, where Elfriede would also be buried, in the same
723:
In the years after the diaries were published, Otto Frank became embroiled in a series of legal battles with individuals who accused him or others of forging the manuscript; these cases would persist even after Frank's death in 1980. In 1959, Frank "lodged a criminal complaint on the grounds of
526:
with his family. In 1939, Edith
Hollander's mother came to live with the Franks and remained with them until her death in January 1942. After Germany invaded the Netherlands in May 1940, Otto Frank was forced by the Germans to give up his companies. Otto made his businesses look "Aryan" by
363:
Otto
Heinrich Frank was born into a Jewish family. He was the second of four children born to Alice Betty (née Stern, 1865–1953) and Michael Frank (1851–1909). His elder brother was Robert Frank, and younger siblings were Herbert Frank and Helene (Leni) Frank. Otto was a cousin of the
428:, where two of his French cousins, Oscar and Georges, were killed in action. According to other sources, Otto was late returning home because he was ordered to confiscate two horses from a farmer and returned them to the farmer when the war ended in defeat.
547:, behind a concealing bookcase. The day before, his older daughter, Margot, had received a written summons to report for so-called labour duty in Germany, and Otto immediately decided to move the family to safety. They were joined a week later by
530:
In 1938 and 1941, Frank attempted to obtain visas for his family to emigrate to the United States or Cuba. He was granted a single visa for himself to Cuba on 1 December 1941, but it is not known if it ever reached him. Ten days later, when
582:
The group hid for two years, until their discovery in August 1944. It is not known whether an informant or a chance discovery by authorities ended their period of refuge. The group, along with Kugler and
Kleiman, were arrested by
351:) and advised on its later theatrical and cinematic adaptations. In the 1950s and the 1960s, he established European charities in his daughter's name and founded the trust which preserved his family's wartime hiding place, the
542:
At the age of 53, when the systematic deportation of Jews from the
Netherlands started in the summer of 1942, Otto Frank took his family into hiding on 6 July 1942 in the upper rear rooms of the Opekta premises on the
387:
However, after leaving for New York, he had to return home briefly because of his father's death in September 1909, before once again leaving for the United States. He returned to Germany two years later in 1911.
654:
newspaper. This attracted the interest of Amsterdam's Contact Publishing, which accepted it for publication in the summer of 1946. Otto Frank is now recognized as a co-author of the diary.
467:
In 1953, Frank married Elfriede (Fritzi) Markovits, a Holocaust survivor, who assisted him with the Anne Frank Foundation in Basel, which he launched a decade later. Markovits's daughter,
2209:
715:
Otto Frank designated the Anne Frank Foundation in Basel as his sole heir and legal successor, which means that the copyright on all Anne Frank's writings belongs to this organisation.
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1305:
291:
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506:, a company that sold spices and pectin for use in the manufacture of jam. The company was looking to expand its operations in Europe, and Erich arranged for Otto to work as
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602:, where Frank was separated from his wife and daughters. He was sent to the men's barracks and was residing in the sick barracks when the camp was liberated by
539:
declared war on the United States, the visa was canceled. He also attempted to obtain visas for his family to Britain, however, he was never granted the visas.
1350:
436:
Frank worked in the bank that his father initially ran, which subsequently he and his brothers inherited until its collapse in the early 1930s. He married
1795:
Feature documentary about Otto's recently discovered letters, which reveal the plight of his family to find refuge from the Nazis in the US and elsewhere
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1405:
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tomb, 18 years later. He was survived by his stepdaughter Eva Schloss, his sister Helene Frank (Edith Frank's sister-in-law) and her two children.
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663:("The House Behind"). Its success led to an English translation in 1952, which led to a theatrical dramatisation in 1955 and eventually the film
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libel, slander, defamation, maligning the memory of a deceased person and antisemitic utterances" against two members of the right-wing
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In addition the Foundation in Basel supports projects in the field of human rights, racism and rights and promoting social justice.
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676:
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diary entry is written in ballpoint ink. Reporters were unable to question Frank, as he died around the time of the discovery.
1457:"Otto Frank, Father of Anne, Dead at 91. Daughter's Famed Diary Described Life in Hiding From the Nazis. Family Died in Camps"
487:
encouraged attacks on Jewish individuals and families, Otto decided to evacuate his family. In August 1933, they relocated to
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871:
416:
in which most soldiers were mathematicians and surveyors. In 1916, he was attached to the infantry as a range-finder at the
2280:
1851:
692:
The non-profit organisation uses the proceeds of the copyrights for charitable purposes, education, and scientific research
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1024:
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In response to a demolition order placed on the building in which Otto Frank and his family hid during the war, he and
1319:
440:– an heiress to a scrap-metal and industrial-supply business – on his 36th birthday, 12 May 1925, at the synagogue in
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The Last Secret of the Secret Annex: The Untold Story of Anne Frank, Her Silent Protector, and a Family Betrayal
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1754:
632:
After Anne Frank's death was confirmed in the summer of 1945, her diary and papers were given to Otto Frank by
2252:
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1805:
Otto Frank and Miep Gies in a video from the opening year of the Anne Frank House in 1960 (English subtitles)
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404:. He and his two brothers were drafted for military service in August 1915 and after training at a depot in
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20:
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Horrible Nazi Torture of Otto Frank – German Occupation of Netherlands & Auschwitz – Holocaust – WW2
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2011:
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491:, where his mother-in-law, Rosa Holländer resided, in preparation for a subsequent and final move to
347:
145:
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345:. He edited and published the first edition of her diary in 1947 (subsequently known in English as
319:
622:
Letter sent by Otto Frank on board the Monowai steamship May 15, 1945 on his way back to Amsterdam
2404:
2241:
563:, known in Anne's diary as Albert Dussel. Their concealment was aided by Otto Frank's colleagues
845:
456:
on 6 January 1945. In late October 1944, Margot and Anne were transferred from Auschwitz to the
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2047:
1825:
Horrible Nazi Torture of Otto Frank in Auschwitz Concentration Camp – Anne Frank House – Part 2
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in the Netherlands. In the same year, Otto's widowed mother, Alice Frank, fled to Switzerland.
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730:, Lothar Stielau and Heinrich Buddeberg, who had dismissed the diary as a work of fiction.
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8:
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After being imprisoned in Amsterdam, the Jewish prisoners were sent to the Dutch transit
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Otto's brother-in-law Erich Elias (the husband of his younger sister Leni and father of
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he was the sole survivor of those who had hidden in the house on the Prinsengracht.
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was employed by Pectacon as an advisor about spices. A Jewish butcher, he had fled
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On 25 June 1947, the first Dutch edition of the diary was issued under the title
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448:(Margot Betti), was born 16 February 1926, followed by their younger daughter,
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Otto Frank married former Amsterdam neighbor and fellow Auschwitz survivor
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444:, Edith's hometown. Edith was 25 when they married. Their elder daughter,
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Short article about Otto Frank's last years, with a photo taken in 1979
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Department Store in New York City thanks to a college friend his age,
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1991:
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636:, who had rescued them from the ransacked hiding place together with
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515:
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471:, is a Holocaust survivor, peace activist and international speaker.
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Na het Achterhuis. Anne Frank en de andere onderduikers in de kampen
1015:] (in German). Kimber, Rita and Robert (translators). New York:
39:
1986:
1780:
Profile of Otto Frank's early life, written by the Anne Frank House
1214:
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and a grandson of Zacharias Frank. His father originally came from
1800:
BBC video interview with Otto Frank in 1976 (requires RealPlayer)
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BBC video interview with Otto Frank in 1976 (requires RealPlayer)
680:
Otto Frank inaugurating the Statue of Anne Frank, Amsterdam 1977.
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1814:
551:, who was known as Herman van Daan in Anne's diary, his wife,
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952:"A Historic Evening With Anne Frank's Stepsister Eva Schloss"
405:
1351:"Anne Frank's step-sister highlights post-Holocaust traumas"
1794:
740:. It was claimed that parts of her diary were written with
452:, on 12 June 1929. Edith died of starvation and disease in
1189:"Anne Frank's arrest might not have stemmed from betrayal"
1211:"New Study Casts Doubt on Theory Anne Frank Was Betrayed"
1056:
718:
379:
from 1908 to 1909 and had a work experience placement at
1296:"Anne Frank's Diary Gains 'Co-Author' in Copyright Move"
860:
The Biography of Anne Frank – Roses from the Earth
1488:"I've been haunted by Anne Frank's memory for so long"
2385:
Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to the Netherlands
1046:
1044:
610:
1237:"Photo Gallery: Treasures of the Anne Frank Family"
1132:"In Old Files, Fading Hopes of Anne Frank's Family"
824:"Photo Gallery: Treasures of the Anne Frank Family"
804:"Photo Gallery: Treasures of the Anne Frank Family"
1259:
1810:Oral testimony of Otto Frank, US Holocaust Museum
1702:Roses from the Earth: the biography of Anne Frank
1041:
341:(12 May 1889 – 19 August 1980) was the father of
2341:
2395:German Jewish military personnel of World War I
2400:Recipients of the Iron Cross (1914), 1st class
1588:
1586:
1519:"Anne Frank's Last Living Relative Dies at 89"
1406:"Anne Frank House celebrates 60th anniversary"
1183:
1126:
2230:Ludwig-Richter-Schule (Margot's first school)
1845:
1762:, Joop van Wijk-Voskuijl and Jeroen De Bruyn
1569:"The authenticity of the diary of Anne Frank"
1561:
841:
839:
798:
796:
784:
782:
2233:Varrentrapp-Schule (Margot's second school)
1583:
1104:. CNN.com. 14 February 2007. Archived from
708:) on 3 May 1960 and is still in operation.
420:. In 1917, he was promoted in the field to
1852:
1838:
648:, who reviewed it on 3 April 1946 for the
38:
1348:
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836:
793:
779:
19:For other people with similar names, see
1320:"How did Anne's diary become so famous?"
1293:
981:. New York: Puffin/Penguin. p. 19.
675:
431:
1516:
1485:
1342:
1159:"The people living in the Secret Annex"
559:. In November, the group was joined by
527:transferring control to his employees.
2380:Deaths from lung cancer in Switzerland
2365:Auschwitz concentration camp survivors
2342:
1626:from the original on 29 September 2023
1308:from the original on 10 February 2024.
1249:from the original on 20 February 2019.
1245:. Hamburg, Germany. 29 February 2012.
1062:
1001:
719:Legal fights against Nazi sympathizers
518:, used in the production of sausages.
186:
1833:
1294:Carvajal, Doreen (13 November 2015).
832:. Hamburg, Germany. 29 February 2012.
812:. Hamburg, Germany. 29 February 2012.
2390:German Army personnel of World War I
2281:Anne Frank Center for Mutual Respect
1517:Butnick, Stephanie (23 March 2015).
1498:from the original on 14 January 2024
1330:from the original on 7 February 2024
1217:. Associated Press. 17 December 2016
1102:"Anne Frank family letters released"
2435:Jewish concentration camp survivors
1815:Website Anne Frank Foundation Basel
1349:Goldsmith, Belinda (8 April 2013).
1264:. Amsterdam: Querido. p. 310.
1050:
857:
391:
182:
13:
2410:German businesspeople in retailing
2360:20th-century German businesspeople
640:. As Miep Gies wrote in her book,
14:
2476:
2270:Cultural depictions of Anne Frank
1773:
1284:Treasures From The Attic Page 202
611:Letter from the Monowai steamship
2324:
2323:
1620:"Anne Frank House Ballpoint Pen"
1571:. Anne Frank House. 28 June 2019
1260:Von Benda-Beckmann, Bas (2020).
627:
567:, whom he had known since 1923,
458:Bergen-Belsen concentration camp
254:
16:Father of Anne Frank (1889–1980)
2420:German emigrants to Switzerland
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890:(Harper Collins, 2003), pp. 8–9
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208:
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1859:
1486:Duerden, Nick (6 April 2013).
919:
893:
880:
851:
846:Otto Frank at Anne Frank Guide
816:
766:
598:and finally, in September, to
1:
2375:Businesspeople from Frankfurt
2237:Anne Frank Educational Centre
1686:The Hidden Life of Otto Frank
888:The Hidden Life of Otto Frank
774:The Hidden Life of Otto Frank
760:
358:
2430:Heidelberg University alumni
673:reprising his role as Otto.
571:, and her husband Jan Gies;
7:
2069:Janny Brandes-Brilleslijper
1883:Tales from the Secret Annex
1749:, Treasures From The Attic
1544:"History of the foundation"
979:Anne Frank beyond the Diary
927:"History of the foundation"
789:Anne Frank Fonds/Otto Frank
748:
10:
2481:
1465:United Press International
18:
2319:
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2218:
2171:
2094:
2061:
2020:
2012:Johannes Hendrik Voskuijl
1979:
1948:
1901:
1892:
1876:The Diary of a Young Girl
1867:
1649:The Diary of a Young Girl
1012:Anne Frank: The Biography
755:Otto Frank (physiologist)
348:The Diary of a Young Girl
332:
297:
287:
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267:
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219:
155:
146:The Diary of a Young Girl
131:
123:
106:
98:
79:
49:
37:
30:
2440:People from Hesse-Nassau
2287:Anne Frank Shoah Library
2247:Anne Frank Neighbourhood
1641:
977:Verhoeven, Rian (1993).
2415:German chief executives
2242:Jewish Museum Frankfurt
2136:-Frankenberger Viertel)
1381:"Anne Frank Fonds/work"
858:Lee, Carol Ann (2000).
848:. Retrieved 29 May 2014
737:Bundeskriminalamt (BKA)
666:The Diary of Anne Frank
2450:Swiss chief executives
2370:Burials in Switzerland
2118:: GanghoferstraĂźe 24 (
2048:Jacqueline van Maarsen
1596:[Blue paste].
1017:Henry Holt and Company
1007:Das Mädchen Anne Frank
776:(Harper Collins, 2003)
681:
625:
502:) worked in Basel for
2465:German Ashkenazi Jews
2189:Anne Frank Foundation
2156:: Prinsengracht 263 (
1666:Anne Frank Remembered
727:Deutsche Reichspartei
679:
642:Anne Frank Remembered
614:
450:Anne (Annelies Marie)
432:Marriage and children
280:Years of service
2210:Statue of Anne Frank
1622:. Anne Frank House.
1187:(17 December 2016).
1130:(15 February 2007).
690:Diary of Anne Frank.
483:rose in Germany and
398:Imperial German Army
396:Frank served in the
274:Imperial German Army
185:; died
2251:Anne-Frank-Schule (
2142:: Merwedeplein 37 (
2083:(arresting officer)
2071:(reporter of death)
2033:Nanette Blitz Konig
1326:. 15 October 2018.
1165:. 25 September 2018
1108:on 16 February 2007
1065:, pp. 128–130.
907:. 25 September 2018
669:(1959), with actor
485:anti-Jewish decrees
460:where they died of
418:Battle of the Somme
339:Otto Heinrich Frank
315:Battle of the Somme
102:Birsfelden Cemetery
54:Otto Heinrich Frank
2305:Anne Frank Schools
2275:Anne Frank Zentrum
2104:: Marbachweg 307 (
2077:(security service)
1674:Alison Leslie Gold
1461:The New York Times
1301:The New York Times
1137:The New York Times
686:Elfriede Geiringer
682:
671:Joseph Schildkraut
600:Auschwitz-Birkenau
596:camp of Westerbork
424:and served at the
408:, he served in an
366:furniture designer
200:Elfriede Geiringer
2337:
2336:
2205:Anne Frank School
2132:: Pastorplatz 1 (
2120:Frankfurt am Main
2106:Frankfurt am Main
2090:
2089:
2038:Barbara Ledermann
1939:Jean-Michel Frank
958:. 27 October 2019
873:978-0-7089-9174-9
704:as a museum (the
555:, and their son,
426:Battle of Cambrai
385:Nathan Straus Jr.
369:Jean-Michel Frank
336:
335:
320:Battle of Cambrai
113:Germany (revoked)
2472:
2425:German merchants
2327:
2326:
2310:Anne Frank Prize
2293:Anne Frank Fonds
2194:Anne Frank House
2081:Karl Silberbauer
2053:Laureen Nussbaum
2002:Johannes Kleiman
1966:Hermann van Pels
1961:Auguste van Pels
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1600:. 5 October 1980
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1467:. 21 August 1980
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1410:Anne Frank House
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1385:Anne Frank Fonds
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1357:. Archived from
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1324:Anne Frank House
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706:Anne Frank House
701:Johannes Kleiman
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589:Karl Silberbauer
565:Johannes Kleiman
553:Auguste van Pels
549:Hermann van Pels
520:Hermann van Pels
392:Military service
355:, in Amsterdam.
353:Anne Frank House
269:
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2283:(New York City)
2258:
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2200:Anne Frank tree
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2086:
2075:Julius Dettmann
2057:
2043:Sanne Ledermann
2016:
1975:
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1412:. 30 April 2020
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1082:. 29 July 2021
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1997:Victor Kugler
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1723:
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1713:0-670-88140-6
1710:
1707:
1706:Carol Ann Lee
1703:
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1697:0-670-91331-6
1694:
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1687:
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1053:, p. 40.
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573:Victor Kugler
570:
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561:Fritz Pfeffer
558:
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99:Resting place
97:
93:, Switzerland
92:
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44:Frank in 1961
41:
36:
29:
26:
22:
2312:(literature)
2153:
2139:
2129:
2115:
2101:
2007:Bep Voskuijl
1929:(stepsister)
1921:Margot Frank
1908:
1881:
1874:
1759:
1746:
1730:
1717:
1701:
1685:
1665:
1647:
1628:. Retrieved
1614:
1602:. Retrieved
1573:. Retrieved
1563:
1551:. Retrieved
1547:
1538:
1526:. Retrieved
1522:
1512:
1500:. Retrieved
1492:The Guardian
1491:
1481:
1469:. Retrieved
1460:
1451:
1439:. Retrieved
1435:
1432:"Otto Frank"
1426:
1414:. Retrieved
1409:
1400:
1388:. Retrieved
1384:
1375:
1363:. Retrieved
1359:the original
1354:
1344:
1332:. Retrieved
1323:
1314:
1299:
1289:
1280:
1261:
1255:
1240:
1231:
1219:. Retrieved
1205:
1193:. Retrieved
1179:
1167:. Retrieved
1162:
1153:
1141:. Retrieved
1135:
1122:
1110:. Retrieved
1106:the original
1096:
1084:. Retrieved
1079:
1076:"Otto Frank"
1070:
1058:
1010:
1006:
997:
978:
972:
960:. Retrieved
955:
946:
934:. Retrieved
930:
921:
909:. Retrieved
904:
901:"Anne Frank"
895:
887:
882:
864:Viking Press
859:
853:
827:
818:
807:
773:
768:
735:
734:engaged the
732:
725:
722:
714:
710:
698:
693:
689:
683:
664:
658:
656:
649:
641:
638:Bep Voskuijl
631:
615:
593:
581:
577:Bep Voskuijl
541:
533:Nazi Germany
529:
516:mixed spices
497:
478:
475:World War II
466:
446:Margot Frank
435:
412:unit on the
395:
362:
346:
338:
337:
298:Battles/wars
144:
85:(1980-08-19)
25:
2355:1980 deaths
2350:1889 births
1933:Buddy Elias
1927:Eva Schloss
1915:Edith Frank
1735:Eva Schloss
1731:Eva's Story
1598:Der Spiegel
1242:Der Spiegel
1221:18 December
1195:17 December
1143:15 February
1112:14 February
1063:MĂĽller 1999
829:Der Spiegel
809:Der Spiegel
500:Buddy Elias
469:Eva Schloss
402:World War I
305:World War I
116:Switzerland
107:Citizenship
64:12 May 1889
21:Otto Franke
2460:Anne Frank
2344:Categories
2301:(asteroid)
2095:Residences
1909:Otto Frank
1861:Anne Frank
1755:1407231103
1718:Love, Otto
1654:Anne Frank
1575:14 January
1471:4 November
862:. London:
761:References
651:Het Parool
646:Jan Romein
422:lieutenant
377:Heidelberg
359:Early life
343:Anne Frank
292:Lieutenant
250:Allegiance
140:Anne Frank
138:Father of
124:Occupation
91:Birsfelden
60:1889-05-12
32:Otto Frank
2289:(Leipzig)
2253:Dornbusch
2226:Dornbusch
2219:Frankfurt
2172:Amsterdam
2158:Amsterdam
2154:1942-1944
2144:Amsterdam
2140:1934-1942
2130:1933-1934
2124:Dornbusch
2116:1931-1933
2110:Dornbusch
2102:1929-1931
1992:Miep Gies
1949:In hiding
1670:Miep Gies
1553:26 August
1523:Tabletmag
1441:11 August
1191:. CNN.com
1005:(1999) .
936:25 August
634:Miep Gies
569:Miep Gies
524:OsnabrĂĽck
493:Amsterdam
454:Auschwitz
410:artillery
283:1915–1918
68:Frankfurt
2329:Category
2277:(Berlin)
2196:(museum)
1987:Jan Gies
1941:(cousin)
1935:(cousin)
1923:(sister)
1917:(mother)
1911:(father)
1624:Archived
1528:23 March
1496:Archived
1365:13 April
1328:Archived
1306:Archived
1247:Archived
1215:NBC News
1051:Lee 2000
1035:42369449
956:Northrop
749:See also
620:—
587:Officer
268:Service/
220:Children
2295:(Basel)
2021:Friends
1980:Helpers
1630:17 July
1502:6 April
1416:29 July
1390:29 July
1355:Reuters
1334:29 July
1169:29 July
1086:29 July
962:29 July
911:29 July
400:during
213:
205:
191:
175:
171:
156:Spouses
72:Prussia
2184:Opekta
2164:-West)
2134:Aachen
2062:Others
1902:Family
1894:People
1766:
1753:
1740:
1724:
1711:
1695:
1679:
1659:
1604:9 July
1268:
1033:
1023:
985:
870:
575:, and
514:, and
508:Opekta
504:Opekta
489:Aachen
481:Nazism
462:typhus
442:Aachen
381:Macy's
373:Landau
270:branch
259:
227:Margot
181:
2263:World
1868:Books
1642:Books
1009:[
406:Mainz
207:(
203:
189:)
177:(
173:
1764:ISBN
1751:ISBN
1738:ISBN
1722:ISBN
1709:ISBN
1693:ISBN
1677:ISBN
1672:and
1657:ISBN
1632:2021
1606:2021
1577:2022
1555:2021
1530:2015
1504:2013
1473:2010
1443:2021
1418:2021
1392:2021
1367:2013
1336:2021
1266:ISBN
1223:2016
1197:2016
1171:2021
1145:2007
1114:2007
1088:2021
1031:OCLC
1021:ISBN
983:ISBN
964:2021
938:2021
913:2021
868:ISBN
535:and
288:Rank
232:Anne
187:1945
183:1925
80:Died
50:Born
2346::
1733:,
1704:,
1688:,
1668:,
1652:,
1585:^
1546:.
1521:.
1494:.
1490:.
1463:.
1459:.
1434:.
1408:.
1383:.
1353:.
1322:.
1304:.
1298:.
1239:.
1213:.
1161:.
1134:.
1078:.
1043:^
1029:.
954:.
929:.
903:.
866:.
838:^
826:.
806:.
795:^
781:^
585:SS
579:.
464:.
209:m.
179:m.
70:,
2255:)
2160:-
2150:)
2146:-
2126:)
2122:-
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