Ordination of women

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ordained a woman. On July 29, 2012, the Columbia Union Conference voted to "authorize ordination without respect to gender". On May 12, 2013, the Danish Union voted to treat men and women ministers the same and to suspend all ordinations until after the topic would be considered at the next GC session in 2015. On May 30, 2013, the Netherlands Union voted to ordain female pastors, recognizing them as equal to their male colleagues and ordained its first female pastor on September 1, 2013. When Sandra Roberts was elected president of the SECC on October 27, 2013, she became the first SDA woman to serve as president of a local conference, However, the GC never recognized her in that role. Eight years later, Roberts was elected executive secretary of the Pacific Union Conference on August 16, 2021. On September 12, 2021, the Mid-America Union Conference Constituency voted 82% to authorize the ordination of women in ministry, becoming the third union conference in the NAD to do so.

2882:, opened the morning session on the day of the vote with an appeal for all church members to abide by the vote's outcome and underscored before and after the vote that decisions made by the GC in session carry the highest authority in the Adventist Church. Prior to the GC vote, dozens of delegates spoke for and against the question: "After your prayerful study on ordination from the Bible, the writings of Ellen G. White, and the reports of the study commissions; and after your careful consideration of what is best for the church and the fulfillment of its mission, is it acceptable for division executive committees, as they may deem it appropriate in their territories, to make provision for the ordination of women to the gospel ministry?" By secret ballot, the delegates passed the motion 1,381 to 977, with 5 abstentions, thus ending a five-year study process characterized by open, vigorous, and, sometimes, acrimonious debate. 2855:

recommended it, the GC administration on September 20, 2011 established the Theology of Ordination Study Committee, which included representatives from each of its 13 world division biblical research committees, to study the issue and prepare a recommendation for 2015 GC session. In October 2011 at its Annual Council meeting, the GC Executive Committee voted 167–117 against a request from the North American Division (NAD)—supported by the Trans-European Division—to permit persons (including women) with commissioned minister credentials to serve as local conference presidents. Later that month, the NAD ignored the GC action and voted to permit women with commissioned minister credentials to serve as conference presidents.

1103: 2851:. Adventists have found no clear mandate or precedent for or against the practice of ordaining women in Scripture or in White's writings. In recent years the ordination of women has been the subject of heated debate, especially in North America and Europe. In the Adventist church, candidates for ordination are recommended by local conferences (which usually administer 50–150 local congregations) and approved by union conferences (which administer 6–12 local conferences). The church's Fundamental Beliefs and its worldwide practice as set forth in its Church Manual, including the worldwide qualifications for ordination currently restricted to men, can be revised only at a GC session. 6117:

part in the dig. These women probably had a high status and had the means and power to be memorialized in such fashion, Di Segni adds. For example, the "Holy Mother Sophronia" was likely the mother superior of a nearby convent, she suggests. As for the deaconesses, who make up most of the women mentioned in the inscriptions, these could have been nuns or secular women of an older age and high class, Di Segni says. In the Byzantine Church, deaconesses had an important role in the baptism of women and other rites, as well as in ministering to female converts, the sick and poor, explains Dr. Balbina Bäbler, a historian from the University of Göttingen who is part of the project.

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took up the matter again on March 15, 2012 but tabled any action until May 9, 2012, when it voted 42-2 to begin processing ministerial ordinations without regard to gender as soon as it could amend its bylaws. The vote also included the call for a constituency meeting on August 19, 2012, when it would consider such a bylaws change. The PUCon constituents voted 79% (334-87) to support this recommendation and amend the bylaws accordingly. Some local conferences within the PUCon began to implement the new policy immediately. By mid-2013, about 25 women had been ordained to the ministry in the Pacific Union Conference.

121: 3687:, as many women are ordained as men. Many traditions elevate the importance of women over that of men and women are frequently leaders of covens. Members are typically considered Priests and Priestesses when they are given the rite of Initiation within the coven, though some may choose to undergo additional training to become High Priestess who often has the final say in matters and who may choose who can be her High Priest. Some, who have gone through enough experience, may leave to create their own coven. 393: 2859:

without regard to gender. The group launched the OPAC on January 1, 2012 with the stated intention of achieving its objective by March 31, 2012. After creating a comprehensive web site, a widely distributed petition, and a presence on various social media platforms and after holding multiple meetings with various groups, including SECC officials, the OPAC reached its goal on March 22, 2012, when the SECC Executive voted 19-2 to immediately implement the policy of ordaining pastors without regard to gender.

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both meet-helps , and they were both to have dominion over all that God made . And as the apostle saith, "for as the woman is of the man", his next words are, "so is the man also by the woman; but all things are of God ". And so the apostle clears his own words; and so as man and woman are restored again, by Christ up into the image of God , they both have dominion again in the righteousness and holiness , and are helps-meet, as before they fell.

7828: 917: 2341: 10889: 2128: 5702: 1889:. However, according to O'Brien, he never specified the scriptural or theological foundation for restricting priesthood to men only. Several textual ambiguities and silences have resulted in a variety of contrasting interpretations. Roger Gryson asserts that it is "difficult to form an idea of the situation which Pope Gelasius opposed" and observes that "it is regrettable that more details" about the situation are not available. 553: 3526: 40: 10927: 992:, thus becoming the first female Burmese novices in modern times to receive higher ordination in Sri Lanka. Japan is a special case as, although it has neither the bhikkhuni nor novice ordinations, the precept-holding nuns who live there do enjoy a higher status and better training than their precept-holder sisters elsewhere, and can even become Zen priests. In Tibet there is currently no bhikkhuni ordination, but the 20: 3058:

ceremony. The reasoning behind this belief is that the female body does not effectively channel the masculine energies of Christ, the true minister of all the sacraments. The priest has to be able to channel Christ's energies to validly confect the sacrament; therefore the sex of the priest is a central part of the ceremony hence all priests must be male. When discussing the sacrament of Holy Orders in his book

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recognition, education, financial support or status enjoyed by Buddhist men in their countries. These "precept-holders" live in Burma, Cambodia, Laos, Nepal, and Thailand. In particular, the governing council of Burmese Buddhism has ruled that there can be no valid ordination of women in modern times, though some Burmese monks disagree. However, in 2003, Saccavadi and Gunasari were ordained as bhikkhunis in

3293: 682:(the Roman equivalent of a week). The highly public nature of these sacrifices, like the role of the Vestals, indicates that women's religious activities in ancient Rome were not restricted to the private or domestic sphere. So essential was the gender complement to these priesthoods that if the wife died, the husband had to give up his office. This is true of the flaminate, and probably true of the 3775:(Zoroastrian priests). In 2011 the Tehran Mobeds Anjuman (Anjoman-e-Mobedan) announced that for the first time in Iran and of the Zoroastrian communities worldwide, women had joined the group of mobeds (priests) in Iran as mobedyars (women priests); the women hold official certificates and can perform the lower-rung religious functions including initiating people into the religion. 4398: 7659: 1003:, an International Buddhist Women Association, ten Sri Lankan women were ordained as bhikkhunis in Sarnath, India. Also, bhikkhuni ordination of Buddhist nuns began again in Sri Lanka in 1998 after a lapse of 900 years. In 2003 Ayya Sudhamma became the first American-born woman to receive bhikkhuni ordination in Sri Lanka. Furthermore, on February 28, 2003, 8770:, March 15, 1981, page 19, "Several courts in the United States have recognized female Jehovah's Witnesses, in carrying on the door-to-door evangelistic work, as ministers. For example, the Supreme Court of Vermont, in Vermont v. Greaves (1941), stated that Elva Greaves 'is an ordained minister of a sect or class known and designated as "Jehovah's Witnesses 8871:, July 15, 1972, page 447, "At times no baptized male Witnesses may be present at a congregational meeting (usually in small congregations or groups). This would make it necessary for a baptized female Witness to pray or preside at the meeting. Recognizing that she is doing something that would usually be handled by a man, she would wear a head covering." 3417:, a school which "is dedicated to giving Orthodox women proficiency in learning and teaching Talmud, understanding Jewish law and its application to everyday life as well as the other tools necessary to be Jewish communal leaders". Maharat alumnae take a variety of titles upon ordination, including Maharat, Rabba, and Rabbanit. In 2015, 10851: 8827:, February 1, 1964, page 86, "Among the witnesses of Jehovah any adult, dedicated and baptized male Christian who is qualified may serve in such ministerial capacities as giving public Bible discourses and funeral talks, performing marriages and presiding at the Lord's evening meal or supper. There is no clergy class." 2308:

over all areas of life, and because His word applies to all areas of life, nowhere does His Word even remotely suggest that the ministry is "sacred" while all other vocations are "secular". Scripture knows no sacred-secular distinction. All of life belongs to God. All of life is sacred. All believers are priests.

3033:) have argued that the church ordained women in the past and that therefore the church currently has the power to ordain women and should do so; however, there are no known records of any women having been ordained to the priesthood. Women do hold a prominent place in the church, including their work in the 3037:, which is one of the largest and longest-lasting women's organizations in the world. Women thus serve, as do men, in unpaid positions involving teaching, administration, missionary service, humanitarian efforts, and other capacities. Women often offer prayers and deliver sermons during Sunday services. 7640:

Her church became known as the Pillar of Fire. Widowed, Mrs. White started a pious, shouting, camp-meeting community in New Jersey, named it Zarephath after the place where the 'widow woman' sustained Elijah. Alma White was soon acting like a bishop toward her flock Pillar of Fire consecrated her as

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in the Philippines founded in 1902. It has approved women's ordination since 1996. In 1997, it ordained its first female priest in the person of Rev. Rosalina Rabaria. As of 2017, it has 30 women priests and 9 women deacons. On May 5, 2019, the church consecrated its first female bishop in the person

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Many Protestant denominations are committed to congregational governance and reserve the power to ordain ministers to local congregations. Because of this, if there is no denomination-wide prohibition on ordaining women, congregations may do so while other congregations of the same denomination might

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In 1997 Dhamma Cetiya Vihara in Boston was founded by Ven. Gotami of Thailand, then a 10 precept nun; when she received full ordination in 2000, her dwelling became America's first Theravada Buddhist bhikkhuni vihara. In 1998 Sherry Chayat, born in Brooklyn, became the first American woman to receive

8840:, 2008, page 210–211. "Occasionally, though, circumstances may require that a Christian woman be called on to handle a duty normally performed by a qualified baptized male. For instance, she may need to conduct a meeting for field service because a qualified baptized male is not available or present. 2866:

After achieving its initial objective in the SECC, the OPAC shifted its focus to the Pacific Union Conference (PUCon), which, by policy, must review and act on all ordination recommendations from its local conferences. For many years the PUCon had supported the concept of ordaining women pastors. It

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restricts certain positions of service and responsibility to those who have been ordained to the gospel ministry. The General Conference (GC) in session, the highest decision-making body of the church, has never approved the ordination of women as ministers, despite the significant foundational role

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was riven by policy differences and a leadership struggle. Nevertheless, Archbishop Kowalski ordained the first 12 nuns as priests in 1929. He also introduced priestly marriage. The split in the church took effect, in part, over the place of the feminine in theology and the role of women in the life

3227:, born in Pakistan, led Toronto's first woman-led mixed-gender Friday prayer service, delivering the sermon and leading the prayers of the mixed-gender congregation organized by the Muslim Canadian Congress to celebrate Earth Day in the backyard of the downtown Toronto home of activist Tarek Fatah. 2858:

In the wake of the Annual Council vote, a small group of Adventists in the Southeastern California Conference (SECC) organized the Ordination Political Action Committee (OPAC) with the goal of bringing political pressure on the SECC leadership to unilaterally adopt the policy of pastoral ordination

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The Church of the Nazarene has ordained women since its foundation as a denomination in 1908, at which time fully 25% of its ordained ministers were women. According to the Church of the Nazarene Manual, "The Church of the Nazarene supports the right of women to use their God-given spiritual gifts

2083:) is possible, provided they are non-ordained and that certain reserved functions of ordained male permanent or transitional deacons—proclaiming the Gospel at Mass, giving a homily, and performing non-emergency baptisms—would not be permitted for the discussed female diaconate. In October 2019, the 1057:

and other monks and nuns were in attendance. It was the first such ordination ever in the Western hemisphere. The following month, more bhikkhuni ordinations were completed in Southern California, led by Walpola Piyananda and other monks and nuns. The bhikkhunis ordained in Southern California were

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A 55-year-old Thai Buddhist 8-precept white-robed maechee nun, Varanggana Vanavichayen, became the first woman ordained as a monk in Thailand, in 2002. Since then, the Thai Senate has reviewed and revoked the secular law passed in 1928 banning women's full ordination in Buddhism as unconstitutional

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Fundamentalist ecstasy and hallelujah-shouting were a vital part of masterful, deep-voiced Alma White's faith. On it she built a sect called Pillar of Fire—with 4,000 followers, 61 churches, seven schools, ten periodicals and two broadcasting stations. Last week, as it must even to 'the only woman

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Stimulated at least in part by the international reach of the OPAC and even before it achieved its ultimate objective with the PUCon, other church administrative entities took similar actions. On April 23, 2012, the North German Union voted to ordain women as ministers but by late 2013 had not yet

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Meanwhile, early in 2012, the GC issued an analysis of church history and policy, demonstrating that worldwide divisions of the GC do not have the authority to establish policy different from that of the GC. However, in their analysis, the GC confirmed that the "final responsibility and authority"

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From their founding in the mid-17th century, Quakers have allowed women to preach. They believed that both genders are equally capable of inspiration by the Holy Spirit and thus there is a tradition of women preachers in Quaker Meetings from their earliest days. In order to be a preacher, a Friend

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Today, over half of all American Protestant denominations ordain women, but some restrict the official positions a woman can hold. For instance, some ordain women for the military or hospital chaplaincy but prohibit them from serving in congregational roles. Over one-third of all seminary students

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This doctrine restores true dignity and true integrity to all believers since it teaches that all believers are priests and that as priests, they are to serve God—no matter what legitimate vocation they pursue. Thus, there is no vocation that is more "sacred" than any other. Because Christ is Lord

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And some men may say, man must have the power and superiority over the woman, because God says, "The man must rule over his wife ; and that man is not of the woman, but the woman is of the man ." Indeed, after man fell, that command was; but before man fell there was no such command; for they were

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The first Theravada ordination of bhikkhunis in Indonesia after more than a thousand years occurred in 2015 at Wisma Kusalayani in Lembang, Bandung. Those ordained included Vajiradevi Sadhika Bhikkhuni from Indonesia, Medha Bhikkhuni from Sri Lanka, Anula Bhikkhuni from Japan, Santasukha Santamana

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While there are similar burials and memorial inscriptions in many Byzantine churches, the amount of texts and the high number of deaconesses and other female ministers mentioned is unique, says Prof. Joseph Patrich, an archaeologist and Byzantine expert from the Hebrew University who did not take

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On July 1, 2005, Pamela Taylor, co-chair of the New York-based Progressive Muslim Union and a Muslim convert since 1986, became the first woman to lead Friday prayers in a Canadian mosque, and did so for a congregation of both men and women. In addition to leading the prayers, Taylor also gave a

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Usually, these roles were male preserves. However, Quakers, who have no ordained clergy, have had women preachers and leaders from their founding in the mid-17th century. Women's ministry has been part of Methodist tradition in the UK for over 200 years. In the late 18th century in England, John

188:, sometimes described as priestesses in modern literature, are attested from various cities from the Old Babylonian period. They were recruited from various social groups, ranging from craftsmen to royal families, and were supposed to remain childless; they owned property and transacted business. 3429:

passed a resolution which states, "RCA members with positions in Orthodox institutions may not ordain women into the Orthodox rabbinate, regardless of the title used; or hire or ratify the hiring of a woman into a rabbinic position at an Orthodox institution; or allow a title implying rabbinic

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under Bishop Graham Wale, does not ordain women. The position held by the Liberal Catholic Church is that the Church, even if it wanted to ordain women, does not have the authority to do so and that it would not be possible for a woman to become a priest even if she went through the ordination

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In 1990, the GC session voted against a motion to establish a worldwide policy permitting the ordination of women. In 1995, GC delegates voted not to authorize any of the 13 world divisions to establish policies for ordaining women within its territory. After a delegate at the 2010 GC session

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she would wear a head covering to acknowledge that she is handling the duty normally assigned to a male. On the other hand, many aspects of worship do not call for a sister to wear a head covering. For example, she does not need to do so when commenting at Christian meetings, engaging in the

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gave a sermon and led Friday prayers for a Muslim congregation consisting of men as well as women, with no curtain dividing the men and women. Another woman, Suheyla El-Attar, sounded the call to prayer while not wearing a headscarf at that same event. This was done in the Synod House of the

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lineage of Buddhism, having been ordained in Taiwan in 2002. She is also the first westerner, male or female, to be installed as an abbot in the Drikung Kagyu lineage of Buddhism, having been installed as the abbot of the Vajra Dakini Nunnery in 2004. The Vajra Dakini Nunnery does not follow

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is more widespread died out around the 10th century, and novice ordination has also disappeared in those countries. Therefore, women who wish to live as nuns in those countries must do so by taking eight or ten precepts. Neither laywomen nor formally ordained, these women do not receive the

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movement, which was largely composed of members of the Community of Christ church (then known as the RLDS church) who refused to accept this development and other doctrinal changes taking place during this same period. For example, the Community of Christ also changed the name of one of its

3405:) rather than "Rabbi". In February 2010, Weiss announced that he was changing Maharat to a more familiar-sounding title "Rabba". The goal of this shift was to clarify Hurwitz's position as a full member of the Hebrew Institute of Riverdale rabbinic staff. The change was criticised by both 3096:

Ramakrishna Sarada Mission is the modern 21st century monastic order for women. The order was conducted under the guidance of the Ramakrishna monks until 1959, at which time it became entirely independent. It currently has centers in various parts of India, and also in Sydney, Australia.

8858:, July 15, 2002, page 27, "There may be other occasions when no baptized males are present at a congregation meeting. If a sister has to handle duties usually performed by a brother at a congregationally arranged meeting or meeting for field service, she should wear a head covering." 3624:, the Sikh holy book, as his successor as Guru instead of a possibly fallible human. Due to the faith's belief in complete equality, women can participate in any religious function, perform any Sikh ceremony or lead the congregation in prayer. A Sikh woman has the right to become a 2226:

Some Orthodox writers regard deaconesses as having been a "lay" ministry. There are strong reasons for rejecting this view. In the Byzantine rite the liturgical office for the laying-on of hands for the deaconess is exactly parallel to that for the deacon; and so on the principle

1040:) presiding. This was done for the Buddhist American Forest Tradition at the Dhamma Sukha Meditation Center in Missouri. In 2010 the first Tibetan Buddhist nunnery in America (Vajra Dakini Nunnery in Vermont) was officially consecrated. It offers novice ordination and follows the 2549:

2006), and Nancy Hatch Wittig. Initially opposed by the House of Bishops, the ordinations received approval from the General Convention of the Episcopal Church in September 1976. This General Convention approved the ordination of women to both the priesthood and the episcopate.

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became the first Lutheran body to ordain women in 1948. The largest Lutheran churches in the United States and Canada, The Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA) and the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Canada (ELCIC), have been ordaining women since 1970. The

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In 2009 in Australia four women received bhikkhuni ordination as Theravada nuns, the first time such ordination had occurred in Australia. It was performed in Perth, Australia, on 22 October 2009 at Bodhinyana Monastery. Abbess Vayama together with Venerables

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In 2004, in Canada, Yasmin Shadeer led the night 'Isha prayer for a mixed-gender (men as well as women praying and hearing the sermon) congregation. This is the first recorded occasion in modern times where a woman led a congregation in prayer in a mosque.

3195:(an Islamic studies professor at Virginia Commonwealth University, born in the United States), became the first woman in South Africa to deliver the jum'ah khutbah (Friday sermon), which she did at the Claremont Main Road Mosque in Cape Town, South Africa. 2773:

Other well-known Quaker women preachers were Mary Lawson of Philadelphia, Mary Bannister of London, England, Mary Ellerton of York, England, Rachel Wilson of Virginia, Catharine Payton of Pennsylvania, Ann Moore of New York, Susanna Hatton of Delaware, and

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nun (Theravada is a school of Buddhism). Dhammananda Bhikkhuni was ordained in Sri Lanka. Dhammananda Bhikkhuni's mother Venerable Voramai, also called Ta Tao Fa Tzu, had become the first fully ordained Thai woman in the Mahayana lineage in Taiwan in 1971.

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were introduced to Romans, it was preferred that they be maintained by women. Although it was Roman practice to incorporate other religions instead of trying to eradicate them, the secrecy of some mystery cults was regarded with suspicion. In 189 BCE, the

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introduced the dogma that the authority of the Bible exceeds that of Roman Catholic popes and other church figures. Once the Roman Catholic hierarchy was no longer accepted as the sole authority, some denominations allowed women to preach. For example,

2834:, founded by female evangelist Aimee Semple McPherson. As Pentecostal churches are often independent, there is a variety of differing positions on the issue, with some of them appointing women as pastors and in other missional roles, and others not. 1032:, born in Texas, became the first African-American woman ever to receive Dharma transmission in Zen Buddhism. Also in 2006, for the first time in American history, a Buddhist ordination was held where an American woman (Sister Khanti-Khema) took the 2521:, with Bishop Antonio Ramos of Costa Rica, ordained eleven women as priests in a ceremony that was widely considered "irregular" because the women lacked "recommendation from the standing committee", a canonical prerequisite for ordination. The " 2119:(1921–1988), himself clandestinely consecrated due to the shortage of priests caused by state persecution, as a precedent. The Catholic Church treats attempted ordinations of women as invalid and automatically excommunicates all participants. 2263:

On October 8, 2004, the Holy Synod of the Orthodox Church of Greece voted to permit the appointment of monastic deaconesses—women to minister and assist at the liturgy within their own monasteries. The document however does not use the term

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of the church. By 1935, Kowalski had introduced a "universal priesthood" that extended the priestly office to selected members of the laity. The two Mariavite churches survive to this day. The successors of Kowalski, who are known as the

2057:) validly receives sacred ordination." Insofar as priestly and episcopal ordination are concerned, the Roman Catholic Church teaches that this requirement is a matter of divine law; it belongs to the deposit of faith and is unchangeable. 2941:

recognized the validity of this ordination for a female Jehovah's Witness minister. The majority of Witnesses actively preaching from door to door are female. Women are commonly appointed as full-time ministers, either to evangelize as

1973:

Supporters of women's ordination interpret the above-mentioned New Testament texts as being specific to certain social and church contexts and locations and addressing problems of church order in the early Church period. They regard

2325:, for instance, cited Ephesians 4 and other Pauline letters in support of this. While the process of ordination varies among the denominations and the specific church office to be held, it may require preparatory training such as 3829: 786:

onward, religious diversity became increasingly characteristic of the city of Rome. Many religions that were not part of Rome's earliest state religion offered leadership roles as priests for women, among them the imported

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for being counter to laws protecting freedom of religion. However Thailand's two main Theravada Buddhist orders, the Mahanikaya and Dhammayutika Nikaya, have yet to officially accept fully ordained women into their ranks.

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and attempted to form a rival Anglican church in the US and Canada. Despite the plans for a united North American church, the result was division into several Continuing Anglican churches, which now make up part of the

10225: 8694: 1814:. Among these historic branches of Christianity, the episcopacy and priesthood have been reserved for men, although women have served as deacons and apostles. This is distinguished from the process of consecration to 3421:

was ordained as Rabbi by that same organization, making her their first graduate to take the title Rabbi. Hurwitz continues to use the title Rabba and is considered by some to be the first female Orthodox rabbi.

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became the first American female cantor in Jewish Renewal in 2006; however, she died in 2009. The first American women to be ordained as cantors in Jewish Renewal after Wehle's ordination were Michal Rubin and

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Various Catholics have written in favor of ordaining women. Dissenting groups advocating women's ordination in opposition to Catholic teaching include Women's Ordination Worldwide, Catholic Women's Ordination,

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had to obtain recognition by a Quaking Meeting. In the 18th century, ministers typically sat at the front of the meeting house, with women on one side and men on the other, all on the same raised platform.

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in order to devote themselves to the study and correct observance of state rituals that were off-limits to the male colleges of priests. They retained their religious authority until the Christian emperor

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Cathedral of St. John the Divine in New York after mosques refused to host the event. This was the first known time that a woman had led a mixed-gender Muslim congregation in prayer in American history.

3062:, Second Presiding Bishop Leadbeater also opined that women could not be ordained; he noted that Christ left no indication that women can become priests and that only Christ can change this arrangement. 940:) began with the Buddha, who established an order of monks. According to the scriptures, later, after an initial reluctance, he also established an order of nuns. Fully ordained Buddhist nuns are called 8001: 10283: 6687: 6790: 5971: 3501:

created an initiative to support the hiring of female Jewish spiritual leaders and has released a statement supporting the ordination and hiring of women with the title Rabbi at Orthodox synagogues.

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who became the mouthpiece of a deity through possession, but the "prophecy of interpretation" required specialized knowledge and was considered a rational process suited only to a male '"prophet" (

3413:, who called the move "beyond the pale of Orthodox Judaism". Weiss announced amidst criticism that the term "Rabba" would not be used anymore for his future students. Also in 2009, Weiss founded 902:

would have been responsible for the regular maintenance of a cult. Epitaphs provide the main evidence for these priesthoods, and the woman is often not identified in terms of her marital status.

304:. During the first millennium BC, when the holder of this office exercised her largest measure of influence, her position was an important appointment facilitating the transfer of power from one 10557: 9416: 7317: 7365: 2573:

in 1988 and ordained on February 11, 1989. The majority of Anglican provinces now permit the ordination of women as bishops, and as of 2014, women have served or are serving as bishops in the

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within the church, affirms the historic right of women to be elected and appointed to places of leadership within the Church of the Nazarene, including the offices of both elder and deacon."

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became the first cantor of either sex (and therefore, since she was female, the first female cantor) in Humanistic Judaism, although Humanistic Judaism has since stopped graduating cantors.

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While several women engaged in the Torah and Talmudic study associated with rabbinic study in the middle ages, women were not ordained until the twentieth century. A possible exception is

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follows a line of reasoning similar to that of the Roman Catholic Church with respect to the ordination of bishops and priests, and does not allow women's ordination to those orders.

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of Newport, Rhode Island, set out on a 3,230 mile journey across eight colonies of North America, including visits to preach in Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina.

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to fill it by the incumbent office holder. The Divine Adoratrice ruled over the extensive temple duties and domains, controlling a significant part of the ancient Egyptian economy.

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has allowed the ordination of women since its beginning in 1865, although it was a hotly disputed topic between William and Catherine Booth. The fourth, thirteenth, and nineteenth

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Rabinowitz, D. (2001). Rayna Batya and Other Learned Women: A Reevaluation of Rabbi Barukh Halevi Epstein's Sources. Tradition: A Journal of Orthodox Jewish Thought, 35(1), 55-69.

9701: 7506: 3824: 8964: 1053:. Also in 2010, in Northern California, four novice nuns were given the full bhikkhuni ordination in the Thai Theravada tradition, which included the double ordination ceremony. 10470: 8908: 7481: 6786:

Cf. Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, "Response to a Dubium concerning the teaching contained in the Apostolic Letter 'Ordinatio Sacerdotalis'": AAS 87 (1995), 1114.

5400: 5295: 3696: 2235:—the Church's worshipping practice is a sure indication of its faith—it follows that the deaconesses receives, as does the deacon, a genuine sacramental ordination: not just a 10221: 7904: 5629: 3002:

priesthood offices from evangelist-patriarch to evangelist, and its associated sacrament, the patriarchal blessing, to the evangelist's blessing. In 1998, Gail E. Mengel and

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were top-ranking priestesses distinguished by special ceremonial attire and holding equal status to high priests. They owned property, transacted business, and initiated the

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for approving candidates for ordination resides at the union conference level. Several union conferences subsequently voted to approve ordinations without regard to gender.

2762:(an early group of Quaker preachers), rebuked Oliver Cromwell for persecuting Quakers, saying, "When thou givest account of all those actions, which have been acted by thee, 10139: 6391: 5895: 2955: 2214:

and Evangelos Theodorou have contended that female deacons were fully ordained in antiquity. K. K. Fitzgerald has followed and amplified Theodorou's research. Metropolitan

2036:, is "that the Church has no authority whatsoever to confer priestly ordination on women and that this judgement is to be definitively held by all the Church's faithful". 582:

were responsible for the continuance and security of Rome as embodied by the sacred fire that they were required to tend on pain of extreme punishment. The Vestals were a

10116: 7562: 10005: 2196:

region of Poland, are headed by a bishop who is a woman, although their numbers are dwarfed by the adherents of the more conventionally patriarchal Mariavites of Płock.

11168: 7242: 6101: 8603: 9364: 6141: 2947: 1940:, such as Ephesians 5:23, 1 Timothy 2:11–15, and 1 Timothy 3:1–7, which they interpret as demanding male leadership in the Church. Some Evangelicals also look to the 7878: 8433: 3457:, born in Greece, became the world's first female cantor when she was appointed cantor of the Reform congregation of Temple Avodah in Oceanside, New York, in July. 10955: 9149: 7921: 10424: 8524: 6990: 1826:, which are typically open to women and men. Some Protestant denominations understand ordination more generally as the acceptance of a person for pastoral work. 9675: 9394: 9237: 6683: 11194: 11190: 10254: 8549: 8009: 7677: 2943: 2582: 1102: 10275: 6801: 4422: 3601:

Female Shinto priests were largely pushed out of their positions in 1868. The ordination of women as Shinto priests arose again during World War II. See also

3342:

was ordained privately by a German rabbi and became the world's first female rabbi. In the mid-20th century, American Jewish movements began ordaining women.

2959: 5964: 10061: 6787: 5723: 4881:, pp. 4–5, 9, 20 (historical overview and Aventine priesthoods), 84–89 (functions of plebeian aediles), 104–106 (women as priestesses): citing among others 3996: 3178:(1165–1240)—considered the practice permissible at least for optional (nafila) prayers; however, their views are not accepted by any major surviving group. 6886: 6817: 10313: 9627: 5921: 7801: 7205: 7065: 2790:

tradition, was ordained a pastor in 1815, being the first woman Baptist pastor. Other ordinations of women pastors took place thereafter. In 1882 in the

1061:

The first bhikkhuni ordination in Germany, the Theravada bhikkhuni ordination of German nun Samaneri Dhira, occurred on June 21, 2015, at Anenja Vihara.

98: 9420: 10550: 4446: 3859: 2333:, election by the congregation or appointment by a higher authority, and expectations of a lifestyle that requires a higher standard. For example, the 1294: 11428: 3320:, the title for a Jewish sage of the early Talmudic rabbis. According to some researchers, the origin of the Barzani story is the travelogue of Rabbi 3312:

of Iraq, who is considered by some scholars as the first woman rabbi of Jewish history. The title referred to Barzani by the Jews of Afghanistan was

3093:. She initiated Ramakrishna into Tantra. Under her guidance, Ramakrishna went through sixty four major tantric sadhanas which were completed in 1863. 2874:

At the 60th GC session in San Antonio on July 8, 2015, Seventh-day Adventists voted not to permit regional church bodies to ordain women pastors. The

2553:

Reacting to the action of the General Convention, clergy and laypersons opposed to the ordination of women to the priesthood met in convention at the

2337:

of James 3:1 says, "My friends, not many of you should become teachers. As you know, we teachers will be judged with greater strictness than others."

2087:

called for "married priests, pope to reopen women deacons commission." Pope Francis later omitted discussion of the issue from the ensuing documents.

7537: 2997:

adopted the practice of women's ordination in 1984, which was one of the reasons for the schism between the Community of Christ and the newly formed

1765: 7403: 5160: 11297: 7971: 7620: 7587: 6866: 10809: 7314: 5084: 2222:

The order of deaconesses seems definitely to have been considered an "ordained" ministry during early centuries in at any rate the Christian East.

11150: 10335: 10173: 9652: 8080: 8032: 3839: 3446:, and other affiliated entities to be similar to other dissident movements throughout Jewish history in having rejected basic tenets of Judaism. 3022: 10035: 7441: 5489: 2433: 11128: 11106: 11058: 10738: 10392: 6013:

DAMCHÖ DIANA FINNEGAN and CAROLA ROLOFF (BHIKṢUṆĪ JAMPA TSEDROEN). "Women Receive Full Ordination in Bhutan For First Time in Modern History",

3283: 10635: 10199: 8636: 8404: 8337: 5599: 5224: 2970:. Within the congregation, a female Witness minister may only lead prayer and teaching when there is a special need, and must do so wearing a 8995: 8972: 8503: 5519: 2831: 2468: 1275: 1267: 8743: 7853: 7147: 416:, served in many different cults of many divinities, with their duties varying depending on the cult and the divinity in which they served. 9806: 3744:

when female. Initiates are also given an Orisa or Ifá name that signifies under which deity they are initiated; for example a priestess of

3481:

became the first cantor of either sex (and therefore, since she was female, the first female cantor) in Reconstructionist Judaism in 2002.

1344: 1024:, Seri, and Hasapanna were ordained as Bhikkhunis by a dual Sangha act of Bhikkhus and Bhikkhunis in full accordance with the Pali Vinaya. 10504: 9608: 1058:

Lakshapathiye Samadhi (born in Sri Lanka), Cariyapanna, Susila, Sammasati (all three born in Vietnam), and Uttamanyana (born in Myanmar).

8484:

Peabody, Michael (September 2012). "Delegates to the Special Constituency Session Vote to Approve Ordinations Without Regard to Gender".

8119: 3952: 2015: 1909:" of Christ living in the believer was discovered in 1646. He believed that the inner light worked in women as well as in men, and said: 1261: 11009: 10706: 9697: 7825: 7513: 7267: 5761: 5577: 4358: 1932:

which would promote a division between roles of men and women in the Christian Church. Evangelical Christians who place emphasis on the

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Most Protestant denominations require pastors, ministers, deacons, and elders to be formally ordained. The early Protestant reformer

1384: 9668:"Kia Abdullah: Amina Wadud's decision to lead mixed-gender prayers in Oxford today challenges tradition, not the tenets of religion" 7946: 5650: 7901: 5811: 5625: 2393: 797: 10873: 8578: 8525:"North German Union Conference Constituency Session Votes to Ordain Women: Inter-European Division - Seventh-Day Adventist Church" 7698: 7011: 5887: 5699: 3771:

priests in India are required to be male. However, women have been ordained in Iran and North America as mobedyars, meaning women

2623:

became the first woman consecrated a bishop in 2015. It had ordained 32 women as its first female priests in March 1994. In 2015

1044:

lineage of Buddhism. The abbot of the Vajra Dakini nunnery is Khenmo Drolma, an American woman, who is the first bhikkhuni in the

10147: 9445: 9258: 8950: 6399: 3130:

serves as a spiritual leader and religious authority. There is a current controversy among Muslims on the circumstances in which

2803: 2711: 2696: 10685: 9531: 566: 10525: 10364: 10108: 8076: 7566: 3473:, a professional organization of cantors associated with Conservative Judaism, did not allow women to join until 1990. In 2001 3011: 2715: 2700: 10980: 10759: 10009: 9729: 7641:

such in 1918. built 49 churches, three colleges. She edits six magazines, travels continually between Zarephath and the West.

6712: 5464: 11392: 11374: 11357: 11292: 11210: 11087: 9906: 9856: 9116: 8795: 8310: 7780: 7246: 7118: 6242: 6205: 5755: 5436: 5170: 4996: 4971: 4951:

Isidi Aug(ustae) sacrum/ Lucretia Fida sacerd(os) perp(etua)/ Rom(ae) et Aug(usti)/ conventu{u}s Bracar(a)aug(ustani) d(edit)

4922: 4851: 4813: 4775: 4725: 4686: 4642: 4604: 4566: 4352: 4298: 4236: 4226: 2739: 1758: 81:

In some cases, women have been permitted to be ordained, but not to hold higher positions, such as (until July 2014) that of

10911: 8611: 6766: 4260: 3255:

In 2010, Raheel Raza became the first Muslim-born woman to lead a mixed-gender British congregation through Friday prayers.

1978:

as setting the example of treating women with respect, commending their faith and tasking them to tell others about him and

9356: 8932: 7868: 6964: 6149: 5675: 5541: 5002: 4857: 4648: 4610: 4572: 3844: 3485:, who lives in Germany, became the first female cantor in Jewish Renewal (and the first female cantor in Germany) in 2002. 2448: 2151:

of 19th century Poland. The Mariavites, so named for their devotion to the Virgin Mary, attracted numerous parishes across

356: 5836: 3671:) in Taoism's 1,800-year history after being enthroned at Changchun Temple in Wuhan, capital of Hubei province, in China. 3453:(also called hazzans) in most of Orthodox Judaism, but all other types of Judaism allow and have female cantors. In 1955 2072:

for the women and bishops attempting to ordain them, and in 2010, that attempted ordination of women is a "grave delict".

6287: 4312: 3864: 1309: 1254: 10951: 9108: 5783: 4072: 3517:

in Japan is led by female priests; this makes it the only known official mainstream religion of a society led by women.

2766:

as my soul lives, these things will be laid to thy charge." Later, in 1704, Esther Palmer of Flushing, Long Island, and

10921: 10883: 10845: 10618: 10414: 7102: 6935: 5279: 2971: 2606: 2594: 2570: 1145: 850: 754: 115: 10222:"Rabbinical Council of America officially bans ordination and hiring of women rabbis | Jewish Telegraphic Agency" 9881: 8845:

door-to-door ministry with her husband or another baptized male, or studying or praying with her unbaptized children."

8677: 7752: 6986: 6910: 3086:

Female ascetics are referred as Sannyasinis, Yoginis, Brahmacharinis, Parivajikas, Pravrajitas, Sadhvis, Pravrajikas.

932:

in 1981. Pema Chödrön was the first American woman to be ordained as a Buddhist nun in the Tibetan Buddhist tradition.

11353: 11335: 11327: 11309: 11264: 11246: 11228: 11180: 11162: 11140: 11118: 11069: 11042: 10835: 10594: 9983: 9667: 9386: 9229: 9088: 9048: 8174: 7397: 7219: 7183: 6667: 6642: 6617: 6592: 6557: 6501: 6084: 5551: 5037: 4391: 4156: 4138: 4110: 3498: 2684: 2069: 10246: 8557: 4177:"Recent Changes in Women's Ordination Conflicts: The Effect of a Social Movement on Intraorganizational Controversy" 4024: 28: 10445: 9631: 9565: 7947:"Most Rev. Katharine Jefferts Schori Presiding Bishop and Bishop of the Convocation of American Churches in Europe" 6798: 4414: 3819: 3248:

On 17 October 2008, Amina Wadud became the first woman to lead a mixed-gender Muslim congregation in prayer in the

3241:

and led the mixed-gender prayers in Toronto at the UMA mosque at the invitation of the Muslim Canadian Congress on

2799: 2655: 2574: 2518: 2101: 2045: 1751: 1365: 1271: 1065:

Bhikkhuni from Vietnam, Sukhi Bhikkhuni and Sumangala Bhikkhuni from Malaysia, and Jenti Bhikkhuni from Australia.

47: 10784: 10057: 9201: 7115:"Ordination of women In Eastern Orthodoxy, mainline & liberal Protestant denominations, & other religions" 4285: 2372:

Since the 20th century an increasing number of Protestant Christian denominations have begun ordaining women. The

999:

The bhikkhuni ordination of Buddhist nuns has always been practiced in East Asia. In 1996, through the efforts of

996:

has authorized followers of the Tibetan tradition to be ordained as nuns in traditions that have such ordination.

768: 8579:"Netherlands Union Conference Votes to Ordain Female Pastors | Kerkgenootschap der Zevende-dags Adventisten" 5719: 5105: 4000: 3382:

in 1999. Women in Conservative, Reform, Reconstructionist, Renewal, and Humanistic Judaism are routinely granted

3231:

sermon on the importance of equality among people regardless of gender, race, sexual orientation and disability.

2109: 1088: 477: 192: 10305: 9469: 7645:

She has two radio stations, WAWZ at Zarephath, KPOF in Denver, where her Alma Temple is also a thriving concern.

6257:

Gryson, Roger. 1976. The Ministry of Women in the Early Church. Collegeville, MN: Liturgical Press. pp. 105, 112

5865: 5379: 3430:

ordination to be used by a teacher of Limudei Kodesh in an Orthodox institution." Similarly in the fall of 2015

2365:

has ordained women since its foundation in 1908, at which time a full 25% of its ordained ministers were women.

160:

were temple prostitutes who specialized in the arts of dancing, music, and singing and served in the temples of

9749:

also referred to as Asenath Barazani Mizrahi, see Women Leaders in Judaism, in Sharon Henderson Callahan (ed.)

9590: 9340: 9173: 7359: 7049: 6529: 5917: 4945: 3554:

from the late 7th century until the 14th century. Ise Grand Shrine is a Shinto shrine dedicated to the goddess

2795: 2444: 2358: 2303:—a doctrine considered by them so important that it has been dubbed by some as "a clarion truth of Scripture": 1299: 849:, claiming the secret rites corrupted morality and were a hotbed of political conspiracy. One provision of the 818: 10660: 7805: 7541: 6748:"The Catholic Church has never felt that priestly or episcopal ordination can be validly conferred on women", 6520:

Giles, Kevin (1986). "The ordination of women: On whose side is the Bible?". In Franklin, Margaret Ann (ed.).

2627:

was consecrated as the first female diocesan bishop in the Church of England (Diocese of Gloucester). She and

1924:

The ordination of women has once again been a controversial issue in more recent years with societal focus on

1802:, the term ordination refers more narrowly to the means by which a person is included in one of the orders of 6367: 3854: 3642:(five beloved) and both men and women are considered capable of reaching the highest levels of spirituality. 3620:, as the guru had seen that institution become corrupt in society during his time. Instead, he appointed the 3426: 3410: 2891: 2807: 2791: 2189: 2132: 1991: 530:. The inspired speech of divining women, however, was interpreted by male priests; a woman might be a mantic 258: 254: 9927: 6420: 5944: 4395: 3006:

became the first two women apostles in the Community of Christ. At the 2007 World Conference of the church,

1007:, formerly known as Chatsumarn Kabilsingh, became the first Thai woman to receive bhikkhuni ordination as a 948:, the aunt and foster mother of Buddha, was the first bhikkhuni; she was ordained in the sixth century BCE. 547: 11418: 6344: 5195: 3879: 3378:

became the very first rabbi of either sex (and therefore, since she was female, the first female rabbi) in

2843: 2586: 2559: 1987: 1175: 955: 8469:

Chudleigh, Gerry (June 2012). "Union Committee Calls Special Constituency Session to Amend Union Bylaws".

2642:

On June 18, 2006, the Episcopal Church became the first Anglican province to elect a woman, the Most Rev.

2176: 2006:, as supporting evidence of the importance of women as pastoral or episcopal leaders in the early Church. 1982:

as treating women as his equals and co-workers. They point to notable female figures in the Bible such as

9956: 8151: 7450: 7333: 6355: 2719: 2300: 2097: 2040: 1135: 783: 750: 7979: 6051: 2147:

movement originally began as a response to the perceived corruption of the Roman Catholic Church in the

10813: 8383: 8115: 6462: 5220: 4383: 3977:

during Robert's presidency through 2021 included no name for president of the SESS ("President, ___.").

3162:

prayers) or for a congregation consisting only of close relatives. Certain medieval scholars—including

2723: 2452: 1160: 1150: 481: 405: 10169: 9003: 8069: 6333: 3154:, a woman cannot lead a mixed gender congregation in salat (prayer). Some schools make exceptions for 10143: 10031: 9360: 7438: 5493: 3849: 3431: 3355: 3287: 2914:, the ordination of women has enabled the church to become more relevant to its time and to society. 2707: 2646:, as a primate (leader of an Anglican province), called the "Presiding Bishop" in the United States. 2643: 2578: 2185: 1995: 1952:

denominations officially authorize the full ordination of women in churches. Catholics may allude to

1866: 1848:

in early Christendom, although there has been speculation of other females in ministry as leaders of

1732: 1452: 788: 424: 297: 266: 43: 10734: 10388: 2934: 10631: 10195: 9064: 8412: 8329: 7345: 6572: 5603: 5076: 4050: 3869: 3789: 3458: 3279: 2938: 2731: 2679:(UMC), in which the ordination of women has occurred since its creation in 1968, as well as in the 2609: 2230: 1999: 1936:

base their opposition to women's ordination as deacons and pastors partly upon the writings of the

1697: 1517: 1467: 1356: 1203: 1165: 583: 575: 246: 8499: 7749:"Records of the Anglican Group for the Ordination of Women to the Historic Ministry of the Church" 7628: 7595: 6489:

When the priest is a woman: a psychoanalytic perspective on the Catholic women's ordination debate

5515: 2270:, 'ordination', although the rites that are to be used are rites of ordination of clergy. 1662: 630:

The Romans also had at least two priesthoods that were each held jointly by a married couple, the

8305:. Global Pentecostal and Charismatic Studies. Vol. 9. Leiden: BRILL (published 6 Oct 2011). 4454: 3736:, when not already bearing the higher ranked oracular titles mentioned above, are referred to as 3466: 3439: 3321: 3188:, called nusi, and female imams have existed since the 19th century in China and continue today. 3054: 2895: 2676: 2566: 2389: 2381: 2205: 1834: 1687: 1597: 1557: 1314: 1226: 814: 813:

for a woman who held the highest priesthood of the Magna Mater's temple near the current site of

90: 10496: 9802: 8882:"Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, from the Religious Movements Homepage" 8197:

Daughters of Light: Quaker Women Preaching and Prophesying in the Colonies and Abroad, 1700-1775

5996: 5676:"Article: First Female Rabbi in Belarus travels the Hinterlands: On the Road with Nelly Shulman" 4678: 3014:. In 2013, Booth became the first woman elected to serve as president of the Council of Twelve. 10977:"A group of 8 Zartoshti women received their Mobedyar Certificate from Anjoman Mobedan in Iran" 6493: 6487: 4767: 3146:, agree that a woman may lead a congregation consisting of women alone in prayer, although the 2930: 2922: 2362: 2031: 2003: 1933: 1893: 1482: 1021: 760: 71: 11385:

Holy Saturday: An Argument for the Restoration of the Female Diaconate in the Catholic Church,

9308: 8785: 8108: 6102:"Byzantine Basilica With Graves of Female Ministers and Baffling Mass Burials Found in Israel" 5745: 4717: 4512:

Gillam, Robyn A. (1995). "Priestesses of Hathor: Their Function, Decline, and Disappearance".

4342: 1881:

In 494 AD, in response to reports that women were serving at the altar in the south of Italy,

610:. Freed of the usual social obligations to marry and rear children, the Vestals took a vow of 11077: 10710: 9233: 8658: 7975: 7274: 6392:"Southern Baptist Convention > Resolution On Ordination And The Role Of Women In Ministry" 6195: 5573: 5426: 4962: 4801: 4073:"This Is What a Battle Over Gender and Race Looks Like in a Conservative Christian Community" 3351: 3042: 2680: 2598: 2554: 2474: 2408: 2171:

in 1905 and 1906. Their clergy, cut loose from the Catholic Church, found sanctuary with the

2021: 1853: 1783: 1582: 1457: 1185: 1170: 1050: 1004: 870: 862: 396:

Female figure carrying a torch and piglet to celebrate rites of Demeter and Persephone (from

331: 270: 154:(2285–2250 BC), an Akkadian princess, was the first known holder of the title "EN Priestess". 9501: 8885: 6585:

The Everything Mary Magdalene Book the Life And Legacy of Jesus' Most Misunderstood Disciple

5350: 5321: 5245: 4917:. Études préliminaires aux religions orientales dans l'Empire romain. Vol. 110. Brill. 4129:

Ware, Kallistos (1999) . "Man, Woman and the Priesthood of Christ". In Hopko, Thomas (ed.).

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in 2016 was charged with determining whether the ancient practice of having female deacons (

11423: 8358: 7069: 6842: 5059: 4958: 3371: 3234:

In October 2005, Amina Wadud led a mixed gender Muslim congregational prayer in Barcelona.

2998: 2632: 2447:, which also encompasses the Lutheran Church-Canada, does not ordain women; neither do the 1967:

Vatican Declaration on the Question of the Admission of Women to the Ministerial Priesthood

1957: 1567: 873: 607: 428: 420: 63: 10276:"Breach in US Orthodox Judaism grows as haredi body rejects 'Open Orthodoxy' institutions" 9827: 9069:"18: Put on Your Strength O Daughters of Zion: Claiming Priesthood and Knowing the Mother" 3030: 2140: 450:

A body of priestesses might also maintain the cult at a particular holy site, such as the

120: 8: 11216: 8607: 8553: 6234: 5654: 5032:. Blackwell Companions to the Ancient World. Vol. 29 (illustrated ed.). Wiley. 3917: 3075: 2994: 2983: 2951: 2926: 2522: 2514: 2404: 2385: 2172: 1833:

and Carolyn Osiek report having identified documented instances of ordained women in the

1717: 1642: 1396: 1231: 945: 854: 742: 663: 365: 278: 230: 7950: 6269:

A History of Christian Thought: From the Protestant Reformation to the twentieth century

6222: 6128: 5815: 2105: 10583: 10419: 9141: 9133: 7873: 7702: 7656: 7015: 6610:

Mary Magdalene: the modern guide to the Bible's most mysterious and misunderstood woman

5270:

Austin, Shoshan Victoria (2012). "The True Human Body". In Carney, Eido Frances (ed.).

4760: 4671: 4537: 4204: 3884: 3830:

List of the first women ordained as priests in the Anglican Church of Australia in 1992

3794: 3482: 3379: 3185: 3150:

school does not allow this. According to all currently existing traditional schools of

2639:, thus making her at the time the most senior ordained woman in the Church of England. 2542: 2397: 1791: 1657: 1652: 1532: 1477: 1432: 1374: 1334: 1208: 1180: 1130: 1037: 571: 473: 380: 9441: 9269: 9109:"LDS Women and Priesthood: The Historical Relationship of Mormon Women and Priesthood" 8936: 7724: 7268:"Toward a Complete Expression of the Diaconate: Discerning the Ministry Women Deacons" 4596:

Knowing the End From the Beginning: The Prophetic, Apocalyptic, and Their Relationship

2962:

must be male, and only a baptized adult male may perform a Jehovah's Witness baptism,

2487:

Within Anglicanism the majority of provinces now ordain women as deacons and priests.

11388: 11370: 11349: 11331: 11323: 11305: 11288: 11260: 11242: 11224: 11206: 11176: 11158: 11136: 11114: 11083: 11065: 11038: 10917: 10879: 10841: 10681: 10614: 10590: 9646: 9538: 9336: 9288: 9145: 9104: 9084: 9044: 8791: 8306: 8170: 7393: 7355: 7215: 7179: 7098: 7045: 6663: 6638: 6613: 6588: 6553: 6525: 6497: 6238: 6201: 6080: 5751: 5712: 5547: 5432: 5275: 5166: 5146: 5033: 4992: 4918: 4847: 4809: 4771: 4721: 4710: 4682: 4638: 4600: 4562: 4529: 4442: 4387: 4348: 4294: 4232: 4225:

Kienzle, Beverly Mayne; Walker, Professor Pamela J.; Walker, Pamela J. (1998-04-30).

4196: 4152: 4134: 4106: 3804: 3784: 3621: 3617: 3579: 3542: 3514: 2823: 2787: 2727: 2616: 2590: 2538: 2439: 2373: 2148: 2025: 1966: 1845: 1787: 1672: 1647: 1587: 1547: 1241: 1054: 937: 837: 729:

of Ceres in Rome was headed by male priests. Only women celebrated the rites of the

708: 508: 351: 346: 86: 10529: 10360: 9609:"Amina Wadud Leads Mixed-Gender Prayers at Islamic Feminism Conference in Barcelona" 5062:, "Etruscan Religion at the Watershed: Before and After the Fourth Century BCE", in 4320: 3053:

Of all the churches in the Liberal Catholic movement, only the original church, the

2631:, Bishop of Crediton, were the first women to be consecrated and ordained bishop in 2131:

Holy Mass celebrated by woman bishops and priestesses at the Mariavite monastery in

865:

who were citizens lacked the right to vote or hold political office. Priestesses of

792: 11101:

Evangelical Feminism and Biblical Truth: An Analysis of Over 100 Disputed Questions

10976: 10763: 9852: 9725: 9125: 9024: 7324:

The Center for Reformed Theology and Apologetics (CRTA), 1990. Accessed 21 Jan 2013

6708: 6230: 5468: 4890: 4521: 4458: 4188: 3889: 3809: 3551: 3547: 3470: 3435: 3414: 3332: 3179: 3026: 2879: 2830:

accepted women's ordination in 1927. In 1975, the ordination of women began in the

2767: 2510: 2499: 2180: 1979: 1937: 1838: 1727: 1507: 1502: 1069: 951: 929: 826: 738: 699: 650: 496: 485: 341: 51: 24: 11320:

The Ordination of Women in the Catholic Church. Unmasking a Cuckoo's Egg Tradition

9902: 7776: 7114: 6027: 4802:"Chapter 2: In Search of the Etruscan priestess: a re-examination of the hatrencu" 4252: 2635:. Also that year Treweek became the first woman to sit in the House of Lords as a 2116: 127:(c. 2100 BCE) depicting goddesses conducting mortal males through a religious rite 11367:

Out of the Depths: The Story of Ludmila Javorova, Ordained Roman Catholic Priest,

11341: 11315: 11270: 9080: 9040: 8912: 8750: 8039: 7908: 7832: 7684: 7663: 7624: 7591: 7445: 7387: 7349: 7321: 7038: 6872: 6805: 6794: 6762: 5948: 5706: 5027: 5023: 4986: 4841: 4632: 4594: 4556: 4402: 4289: 3834: 3814: 3711:

with a religious hierarchy of priests and priestesses that dates to 800–1000 CE.

3708: 3651: 3406: 3325: 3309: 3104:. Shakti Durga, formerly known as Kim Fraser, was Australia's first female guru. 3090: 3025:(LDS Church) does not ordain women. Some (most notably former LDS Church members 3007: 2602: 2530: 2506: 1882: 1815: 1722: 1632: 1592: 1522: 1442: 1029: 746: 737:

are recorded. The Temple of Ceres in Rome was surved by the Priestess of Ceres,

638: 624: 336: 172: 136: 7040:

Out of the Depths: The Story of Ludmila Javorova, Ordained Roman Catholic Priest

6960: 5679: 5428:

Making Fields of Merit: Buddhist Female Ascetics and Gendered Orders in Thailand

3587: 3258:

In 2014, Afra Jalabi, a Syrian Canadian journalist and peace advocate delivered

858: 392: 11398: 11380: 11280: 6818:"GENERAL DECREE regarding the delict of attempted sacred ordination of a woman" 5840: 4954: 3874: 3768: 3632: 3502: 3443: 3363: 3347: 3343: 3249: 3117: 3113: 3034: 3003: 2908: 2848: 2636: 2628: 2624: 2534: 2354: 2285: 2284:

A justification given by many Protestants for female ministry is the fact that

2215: 2112: 2050: 1983: 1925: 1677: 1602: 1577: 1125: 726: 679: 520: 516: 436: 290: 140: 8434:"Southeastern California Conference Executive Committee Votes to Ordain Women" 8212:

Perceptions of a Monarchy Without a King: Reactions to Oliver Cromwell's Power

8109:"Discipline of the Primitive Methodist Church in the United States of America" 6283: 6170: 5965:"First Theravada Ordination of Bhikkhunis in Indonesia After a Thousand Years" 3469:

became the first female cantors in Conservative Judaism in 1987. However, the

725:). This form of worship had spread from Sicily under Greek influence, and the 476:

and were charged with conducting unique rituals under the surveillance of the

11412: 11362: 11346:

Women Deacons in the Early Church: Historical Texts and Contemporary Debates,

11234: 11146: 11062:

Women Officeholders in Early Christianity: Epigraphical and Literary Studies,

11002:"Sedreh Pooshi by Female Mobedyar in Toronto Canada - Parsi Zoroastrian News" 10875:

Shamanism: an encyclopedia of world beliefs, practices, and culture, Volume 2

7608:

bishop in the world', Death came to the Pillar of Fire's 84-year-old founder.

5787: 5709:

By Rosemary Skinner Keller, Rosemary Radford Ruether, Marie Cantlon (pg. 642)

4533: 4200: 3591: 3478: 3462: 3454: 3375: 3359: 2899:

of The Right Reverend Emelyn G. Dacuycuy and installed her as an ordinary of

2827: 2759: 2330: 2296: 1929: 1830: 1707: 1607: 1572: 1497: 1447: 1045: 1041: 830: 721: 644: 469: 124: 94: 8787:

Encyclopedia of American Women and Religion, 2nd Edition [2 volumes]

7066:"Vatican decrees excommunication for participation in "ordination" of women" 7012:"Women Religious Break the Silence on Women's Ordination with Roy Bourgeois" 6939: 6077:

The hidden history of women's ordination: female clergy in the medieval West

4808:. Paul B. Harvey, Celia E. Schultz. Cambridge University Press. p. 46. 4712:

The Later Roman Empire, 284-602: A Social Economic and Administrative Survey

4149:

Women deacons in the early church: historical texts and contemporary debates

2490:

The first three women ordained as priests in the Anglican Communion were in

1956:'s choice of disciples as evidence of his intention for an exclusively male 666:) each had her own distinct duties and presided over public sacrifices, the 11096: 11048: 10871: 9979: 9877: 9473: 9072: 9068: 9032: 9028: 8917: 7748: 6914: 6309: 3913: 3894: 3660: 3595: 3578:

became consorts of the Emperor, called Nyōgo in Japanese. According to the

3418: 3394: 3339: 3297: 3273: 3038: 2911: 2904: 2755: 2526: 2322: 2211: 2076: 1953: 1779: 1562: 1542: 1512: 1405: 1304: 1236: 973: 921: 842: 822: 632: 620: 409: 361: 226: 146: 11203:

Women Find a Way: The Movement and Stories of Roman Catholic Womenpriests,

10083: 4133:(New ed.). Crestwood, NY: St. Vladimir's Seminary Press. p. 16. 2156: 911: 11252: 11035:

The Canonical Implications of Ordaining Women to the Permanent Diaconate,

8451: 7500: 7498: 6421:"Should Women Be Ordained as Pastors? Old Testament Considerations, p 47" 3486: 3461:

became the first female cantor to be ordained in Reform Judaism in 1975.

3367: 3260: 3224: 3216: 3200: 3192: 3071: 2735: 2665: 2377: 1949: 1906: 1885:

wrote a letter condemning female participation in the celebration of the

1799: 1795: 1667: 1492: 1120: 846: 591: 376: 250: 10449: 9569: 9137: 8500:"Union Executive Committee Approves 14 Women and Two Men for Ordination" 8300: 7389:

Immersion Bible Studies: James, 1 & 2 Peter, 1, 2 & 3 John, Jude

6223:"The Meaning of Presbytera in Byzantine and Early Medieval Christianity" 4541: 4105:(pbk ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 186. 1860:

I commend to you our sister Phoebe, a deacon of the church in Cenchreae.

74:. It remains a controversial issue in certain religious groups in which 11198: 10788: 9209: 8452:"General Conference Seeks to Clarify Relationship with World Divisions" 7243:"America | The National Catholic Weekly - 'Grant Her Your Spirit'" 5600:"Socially Engaged Buddhism in Thailand: Ordination of Thai Women Monks" 4912: 4634:

From Good Goddess to Vestal Virgins: Sex and Category in Roman Religion

4282: 4208: 3638: 3491: 3242: 2620: 2168: 2068:

stating that attempted ordination of a woman would result in automatic

1961: 1898: 1487: 1000: 993: 983:

However, the bhikkhuni ordination once existing in the countries where

977: 716: 460: 326: 321: 282: 151: 75: 19: 11239:

Women Who Would Be Rabbis: A History of Women's Ordination, 1889–1985,

9659: 7495: 7439:"The question of the ordination of women in the community of churches" 7058: 5109: 4975:

to Isis Augusta"), from the D. Diogo de Sousa Museum, Braga, Portugal.

4904: 4593:

Lester L. Grabbe; Robert D. Haak (2003). "Introduction and Overview".

4176: 2477:, many of whom ran churches, but did not go as far as to ordain them. 2179:, was consecrated in Utrecht. Twenty years later, the now constituted 1928:

movements. Still, some Christians believe in an interpretation of the

1844:

revealed mosaics that provided evidence of women serving primarily as

10632:"Encyclopedia of Shinto—Home : Shrine Rituals : Gyōji sahō" 9129: 6450:

Evangelicals Around the World: A Global Handbook for the 21st Century

5861: 5375: 4525: 4051:"Evangelicals have long disagreed on the role of women in the church" 3934: 3799: 3555: 3537: 3390: 3175: 3171: 3167: 3163: 2775: 2703:, which has always ordained women to the presbyterate and diaconate. 2692: 2672: 2661: 2495: 2491: 2456: 2411:, became the first woman to be ordained bishop in the United States. 2254: 2242: 2163:, the established church authorities asked for intervention from the 2144: 2080: 1886: 1875: 1552: 1140: 1008: 989: 984: 941: 925: 776: 451: 9502:"With Women at the Forefront, a Muslim Service Challenges Tradition" 9333:

The Graceful Guru: Hindu Female Gurus in India and the United States

9181: 4192: 2340: 916: 515:, which gave her a prominence unusual for a woman in male-dominated 184: 10656: 9434: 8965:"Woman elected to serve as president of Council of Twelve Apostles" 8302:

Dismantling the Dualisms for American Pentecostal Women in Ministry

7922:"Rachel Treweek becomes first woman bishop to enter House of Lords" 7728: 6887:"Pope Francis Won't Allow Married Men As Priests, Women As Deacons" 5368: 4894: 3720: 3252:

when she performed the Friday prayers at Oxford's Wolfson College.

3045:

in March 2013, supports extending priesthood ordinations to women.

3041:, an activist group of mostly LDS Church women founded by feminist 2482:

Anglican Group for the Ordination of Women to the Historic Ministry

2473:

In 1917 the Church of England licensed women as lay readers called

2326: 2292: 2164: 2127: 2061: 1841: 1033: 969: 962: 876: 730: 719:

in Rome and throughout Italy that observed so-called "Greek rite" (

611: 524: 512: 465: 444: 432: 413: 371: 11051:"Deacons, Deaconesses, and Minor Orders in the Patristic Period," 10446:"Contributions of Jewish Women to Music and Women to Jewish Music" 9762:

Bengio, O. (2016). Game changers: Kurdish women in peace and war.

8804: 8224:

Rosemary Skinner Keller, Rosemary Radford Ruether, Marie Cantlon,

5288: 4228:

Women Preachers and Prophets Through Two Millennia of Christianity

3525: 3434:

denounced moves to ordain women, and went even further, declaring

3198:

In 2004 20-year-old Maryam Mirza delivered the second half of the

3017: 2288:

was chosen by Jesus to announce his resurrection to the apostles.

2193: 936:

The tradition of the ordained monastic community in Buddhism (the

222: 70:

office is an increasingly common practice among some contemporary

32: 10306:"Avi Weiss Defends 'Open Orthodoxy' as Agudah Rabbis Declare War" 9931: 9202:"Frequently Asked Questions: Why don't Mormons have paid clergy?" 6928: 5941: 5152: 3961: 3916:

and set apart by God for the administration of various religious

3726: 3626: 3613: 3398: 3383: 3317: 3205: 3159: 3155: 2967: 2963: 2565:

The first woman to become a bishop in the Anglican Communion was

2152: 1849: 806: 671: 616: 595: 579: 552: 527: 447:

who presided over festivals and rituals associated with the god.

440: 305: 234: 204: 39: 6953: 5199: 3825:

List of the first 32 women ordained as Church of England priests

2699:, which ordained its first female elder in 1853, as well as the 894:, a female assistant, particularly one in service to a deity. A 697:

was often specified in relation to a deity or temple, such as a

46:

was elected in 2006 as the first female Presiding Bishop of the

10752: 10268: 8550:"Report: Women's Ordination Approved in CUC, Spectrum Magazine" 8278: 8276: 8249: 8247: 6726: 5626:"Thai monks oppose West Australian ordination of Buddhist nuns" 5053: 4882: 4372: 3930: 3715: 3699:

Yeye Siju Osunyemi being initiated as a priestess of the deity

3656: 3529: 3450: 3292: 3147: 2706:

Other Methodist denominations do not ordain women, such as the

2688: 2675:

denominations practice the ordination of women, such as in the

2345: 2160: 2065: 1941: 1902: 1811: 1807: 1803: 1073: 802: 504: 500: 492: 455: 397: 274: 200: 161: 82: 67: 11358:

NO WOMEN IN HOLY ORDERS? The women deacons of the Early Church

9952: 9853:"Sandy Sasso ordained as first female Reconstructionist rabbi" 9230:"Mormons launch online push to ordain women to the priesthood" 8861: 8384:"Annual Council of the General Conference Executive Committee" 6552:. Cape Town, South Africa: The Spiritual Bakery Publications. 5574:"IPS – Thai Women Don Monks' Robes | Inter Press Service" 4592: 3712: 2738:. Independent Methodist parishes that are registered with the 2396:—a position open to both ministers and laypeople—was the Rev. 11285:

Women of the Way: Discovering 2,500 Years of Buddhist Wisdom,

10613:

pg. 123. Seattle and London: University of Washington Press.

9779:

Women Leaders in Judaism, in Sharon Henderson Callahan (ed.)

8848: 8817: 8760: 8226:

Encyclopedia of Women and Religion in North America, Volume 1

5700:

Encyclopedia of women and religion in North America, Volume 2

4966: 3999:. Australia: Journeyonline.com.au. 2006-11-07. Archived from 3772: 3745: 3732: 3700: 3695: 3684: 3668: 3328: 3301: 3151: 3139: 3135: 3131: 3123: 2900: 2754:

Women ministers were active from the earliest days. In 1657,

2248: 2236: 1975: 1945: 880: 866: 601: 286: 167: 132: 8830: 8273: 8244: 8002:"Methodist Church celebrates 40 years of women's ordination" 3997:"US Episcopal Church installs first female presiding bishop" 2683:(FMC), which ordained its first woman elder in 1911, in the 2353:

Wesley allowed for female office-bearers and preachers. The

2159:

and at their height numbered some 300,000 people. Fearing a

1856:, written in the first century AD, mentions a woman deacon: 757:; sacerdos also served as priestesses of the Imperial cult. 93:, exceptions are often made for clergy (for example, in the 11221:

Women in Early Christianity: Translations from Greek Texts,

10140:"Amid Furor, Weiss Backs Away from 'Rabba' Title for Women" 9619: 9524: 9417:"First woman to lead Muslim prayers angers traditionalists" 8633:"RELIGION: Corona's Sandra Roberts makes Adventist history" 8444: 8284:

Baptists Worldwide: Origins, Expansions, Emerging Realities

8255:

Baptists Worldwide: Origins, Expansions, Emerging Realities

8239:

Baptists Worldwide: Origins, Expansions, Emerging Realities

6938:. Womensordinationworldwide.org. 2009-05-17. Archived from 3602: 3143: 3127: 3101: 2484:

promoted the ordination of women in the Church of England.

1823: 1076:

when 144 nuns, most of them Butanese, were fully ordained.

765: 741:, and the Temple of Bona Dea by the Priestess of Bona Dea, 301: 11257:

Women of the Sacred Groves: Divine Priestesses of Okinawa,

11155:

Ordained Women in the Early Church: A Documentary History,

10058:"Do 1 Rabba, 2 Rabbis and 1 Yeshiva = a New Denomination?" 9349: 9057: 9017: 8033:"Women In Ministry - The Wesleyan Church: A Brief History" 7771: 7769: 7175:(John Wiley & Sons 2010 ISBN 978-1-44439383-5), p. 327 4558:

Speaking in Tongues: The New Testament Evidence in Context

2434:

Ordination of women in Protestant churches § Lutheran

2049:(1992), by the canonical statement: "Only a baptized man ( 10585:

Women of the Sacred Groves: Divine Priestesses of Okinawa

9174:"Frequently Asked Questions: What is the Relief Society?" 8167:

Mothers of Feminism: The Story of Quaker Women in America

7678:

The Bible in history: how the texts have shaped the times

7666:

by Beth B. Hess, Elizabeth Warren Markson, Peter J. Stein

7426:

Mothers of Feminism: The Story of Quaker Women in America

7351:

The Ecclesiastical Offices in the Thought of Martin Bucer

5806: 5804: 5747:

Zen Master Who?: A Guide to the People and Stories of Zen

5618: 5298:. Institute for Medieval Japanese Studies. Archived from 4313:"En HeduAnna (EnHedu'Anna) philosopher of Iraq - 2354 BC" 4103:

Ordained Women in the Early Church: a Documentary History

3208:, Ontario, Canada, run by the United Muslim Association. 3074:

became the first woman to be ordained as a priest in the

2933:, following which he or she is immediately considered an 1819: 959: 11079:

Great Women in Bahamian History: Bahamian Women Pioneers

10802: 10777: 10353: 7777:"Female ordination in the Episcopal Church, USA (ECUSA)" 5269: 4707: 4253:"Women bishops vote: Church of England 'resembles sect'" 10969: 10674: 10247:"Moetzes: 'Open Orthodoxy' Not a Form of Torah Judaism" 10162: 8713:"Seventh-day Adventists vote against female ordination" 8199:. THe University of North Carolina Press. pp. 3–5. 7766: 7299:

Women, Ministry and the Gospel: Exploring New Paradigms

6987:"Woman says she was called to become a Catholic priest" 6742: 5543:

Engaged Buddhism: Buddhist Liberation Movements in Asia

4839: 2691:

in 1890 and ordained its first female elders (that is,

1028:

transmission in the Rinzai school of Buddhism. In 2006

177: 10872:

Mariko Namba Walter; Eva Jane Neumann Fridman (2004).

9845: 9625: 9222: 8906:"RLDS Church calls 2 women to serve among 12 apostles" 8351: 7939: 7454:, Viser, Jan. Summer 2002. Accessed September 18, 2007 5801: 5221:"The Life of the Buddha: (Part Two) The Order of Nuns" 2742:

do not permit the ordination of women to holy orders.

2726:(PMC), the latter two of which do not ordain women as 1837:. In 2021, excavations at the site of a 1600-year-old 715:

played a leading role in the sanctuaries of Ceres and

10729: 10727: 10624: 10497:"'It's Not Even Six Degrees of Separation. It's One'" 9795: 9029:"17: Mormon Women Have Had the Priesthood Since 1843" 7457: 7004: 6903: 5888:"Ordination of Bhikkhunis in the Theravada Tradition" 4344:

A History of Medicine: Primitive and ancient medicine

2392:

in 1956 also began to ordain women. The first female

608:

state hearth that was the center of communal religion

10913:

The Zoroastrian faith: tradition and modern research

8744:"Delegates Vote 'No' on Issue of Women's Ordination" 8695:"Delegates Vote 'No' on Issue of Women's Ordination" 8688: 7902:"First female diocesan bishop in C of E consecrated" 7819: 7470: 7107: 6763:"The Role Of Women In Modern Society And The Church" 6227:

Patterns of Women's Leadership in Early Christianity

5643: 5513: 5424: 4795: 4793: 4274: 3730:

respectively. Priests and priestesses of the varied

3574:

remained unmarried, but there were exceptions. Some

3562:

priestesses were usually elected from royalty (内親王,

3546:(斎院, saiin?) were unmarried female relatives of the 3264:

khutbah at Noor cultural centre in Toronto, Canada.

464:

were young girls ages seven to twelve who worked as

10946: 10944: 10649: 10463: 10100: 9532:"Woman leads mixed-gender prayers for city Muslims" 8951:"Letter of Counsel Regarding the Presiding Quorums" 8933:"Letter of Counsel Regarding the Presiding Quorums" 8164: 7846:"Church of England consecrates first female bishop" 4914:

Bona Dea: The Sources and a Description of the Cult

4505: 4224: 3989: 2734:; the EWC and PMC do, however, consecrate women as 2265: 2167:. The Mariavites were eventually excommunicated by 853:was that only women should serve as priests of the 10724: 10582: 10297: 10106: 9928:"Society for Humanistic Judaism Leaders and Staff" 9895: 9464: 9462: 9408: 9097: 8604:"Netherlands Ordains First Woman Pastor in Europe" 8596: 8542: 8359:"About the Theology of Ordination Study Committee" 7699:"Institute for the Study of American Evangelicals" 7669: 7555: 7538:"Historical Timeline: The United Church of Canada" 7037: 7014:. Womensordination.org. 2008-12-12. Archived from 6835: 6701: 5743: 5123: 4759: 4709: 4670: 3912:The process by which a person is understood to be 3860:Timeline of women in religion in the United States 3582:(The Anthology of Ten Thousand Leaves), the first 2660:Methodist views on the ordination of women in the 1960:, as laid down by early Christian writers such as 1295:African and African-American women in Christianity 890:, a high priestess, female expert or teacher; and 10952:"The Jury Is Still Out On Women as Parsi Priests" 10574: 10303: 10188: 9566:"The Woman-Led Prayer that Catalyzed Controversy" 9560: 9558: 8930: 8867:"Woman's Regard for Headship—How Demonstrated?", 8266:Larry G. Murphy, J. Gordon Melton, Gary L. Ward, 8209: 8148:The Discipline of the Evangelical Wesleyan Church 7897: 7895: 7530: 7432: 7315:"Trading Places: The Priesthood of All Believers" 6963:. Catholic-womens-ordination.org.uk. 1998-04-28. 6266: 6079:. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 14. 5492:. Thebuddhadharma.com. 2003-02-28. Archived from 5401:"Bhikkhuni & Siladhara: Points of Comparison" 5393: 5238: 4799: 4790: 4668: 4340: 3707:The Yoruba people of western Nigeria practice an 3134:may act as imams—that is, lead a congregation in 2415:(and in some seminaries nearly half) are female. 293:during the second millennium BC (circa 2160 BC). 11410: 10941: 10699: 9077:Women and Authority: Re-emerging Mormon Feminism 9037:Women and Authority: Re-emerging Mormon Feminism 8874: 8492: 8361:. General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists. 8336:. General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists. 7835:By Church of England. House of Bishops (pg. 279) 5693: 5098: 4984: 4762:Women's Religious Activity in the Roman Republic 4757: 4514:Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt 4096: 4094: 4092: 3331:, Hannah Rachel Verbermacher, also known as the 3010:was ordained as the first woman to serve in the 2885: 2537:, Suzanne R. Hiatt (d. 2002), Marie Moorefield, 972:tradition during the 13th century, the Japanese 928:(a fully ordained Buddhist nun) in a lineage of 598:of the hearth, both the focus of a private home 423:, in which they served on many levels, from the 11123:Le ministère des femmes dans l'Église ancienne, 10657:"The Sikhism Home Page:Introduction to Sikhism" 9720: 9718: 9496: 9494: 9492: 9490: 9459: 8678:"Mid-America Union Approves Women's Ordination" 8625: 8270:, Routledge, Abingdon-on-Thames, 2013, p. LXXIV 7794: 7260: 7234: 6492:. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 5653:. Dhammasara.org.au. 2009-10-22. Archived from 5540:Queen, Christopher S.; King, Sallie B. (1996). 5482: 5465:"Contemporary bhikkuni ordination in Sri Lanka" 4871: 4630: 4554: 4174: 3840:Ordination of women in Protestant denominations 3659:ordain both men and women as priests. In 2009 3616:does not have priests, which were abolished by 3023:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 3018:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 2745: 2525:", as they became known, were Merrill Bittner, 2459:was Sally Azar of the Lutheran church in 2023. 2455:. The first local woman cleric ordained in the 2315:Trading Places: The Priesthood of All Believers 886:Other religious titles for Roman women include 883:, as well as indicated by epigraphic evidence. 300:was a title created for the chief priestess of 10994: 10518: 10196:"Celebrating the First Lights of Women Rabbis" 9555: 8924: 8739: 8737: 8294: 8292: 8286:, Wipf and Stock Publishers, USA, 2022, p. 112 8257:, Wipf and Stock Publishers, USA, 2022, p. 111 8241:, Wipf and Stock Publishers, USA, 2022, p. 110 8194: 7892: 7540:. United-church.ca. 2008-01-17. Archived from 7504: 7428:. San Francisco: Harper & Row. p. 24. 7240: 5942:Bhikkhuni Happenings - Alliance for Bhikkhunis 5263: 5136: 5016: 4753: 4751: 4749: 4747: 4745: 4743: 4673:A New Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome 4586: 4334: 3284:Timeline of women hazzans in the United States 3126:do not formally ordain religious leaders, the 879:, are mentioned by the 1st-century BC scholar 10903: 9689: 8962: 8823:"Applying the General Priesthood Principle", 8228:, Indiana University Press, USA, 2006, p. 294 8190: 8188: 8186: 7914: 7869:"After 460 Years, The Anglicans Ordain Women" 5959: 5957: 5935: 5462: 5314: 4407: 4101:Madigan, Kevin; Osiek, Carolyn, eds. (2005). 4089: 2832:International Church of the Foursquare Gospel 2469:Ordination of women in the Anglican Communion 1759: 836:Under some circumstances, when cults such as 619:confiscated their revenues and his successor 491:At several sites women priestesses served as 10916:. McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. p. 104. 9715: 9665: 9487: 9384: 8899: 8391:Office of Archives, Statistics, and Research 8334:Office of Archives, Statistics, and Research 7911:. Anglicannews.org. Retrieved on 2015-07-23. 7860: 7691: 7309: 7307: 6810: 6479: 6068: 5915: 5668: 5343: 4548: 4181:Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 4100: 3675:is the highest position in a Taoist temple. 3505:Jewish women can become cantors and rabbis. 2786:American Clarissa Danforth, a member of the 2569:, who was elected a suffragan bishop in the 11401:. "Catholic Women Deacons: Present Tense," 11075: 10580: 10528:. Tikkunvor.org. 2010-02-07. Archived from 10526:"Celebration in honor of Cantor Abbe Lyons" 10383: 10381: 10328: 9971: 9651:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 9419:. London: Independent.co.uk. Archived from 9378: 9324: 8943: 8757:(July 8, 2015). Retrieved on July 23, 2015. 8734: 8701:(July 8, 2015). Retrieved on July 23, 2015. 8571: 8517: 8289: 8142: 8140: 8103: 8101: 8024: 7478:"Woman tapped as new Salvation Army leader" 7198: 7132: 6780: 6676: 6368:"Women Pastors: What Does the Bible Teach?" 6193: 5854: 5776: 5591: 5077:"Works by Chögyam Trungpa and His Students" 5069: 4740: 4624: 3515:indigenous religion of the Ryukyuan Islands 2228: 2029: 2016:Ordination of women and the Catholic Church 560:, the highest-ranking of the Vestal Virgins 548:Women in ancient Rome § Religious life 499:. The priestess of the Temple of Apollo at 277:; this title was held by a daughter of the 11111:The Ministry of Women in the Early Church, 10837:Encyclopedia of African religion, Volume 1 10812:. Witchvox.com. 2002-08-23. Archived from 10109:"Why Orthodox Judaism needs female rabbis" 9698:"First woman to lead Friday prayers in UK" 9315: 8956: 8298: 8268:Encyclopedia of African American Religions 8183: 7838: 7725:"First woman pastor in Holy Land ordained" 7650: 7338: 7211:(Paulist Press 2011 ISBN 978-1-61643052-8) 7161: 6978: 6635:The ministry of women in the New Testament 6310:"The Loving Husband: A Portrait of Christ" 6281: 5954: 5678:. Highbeam.com. 2001-03-23. Archived from 5507: 5196:"The Outstanding Women in Buddhism Awards" 5066:(Cambridge University Press, 2006), p. 48. 4988:Rome: A Living Portrait of an Ancient City 4938: 4846:. University of Texas Press. p. 104. 4833: 4716:. Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 4304: 4245: 4146: 4124: 4122: 3100:Furthermore, both men and women are Hindu 2280:Ordination of women in Protestant churches 2085:Synod of Bishops for the Pan-Amazon region 1766: 1752: 1072:bhikkhunis recommenced on 23 June 2022 in 924:, an American woman who was ordained as a 488:and enjoyed great prestige in all Greece. 408:, some important observances, such as the 104: 11223:Catholic University America Press, 2005. 10827: 10735:"First female Taoist Fangzhang enthroned" 10709:. Rmhb.com.cn. 1980-01-06. Archived from 10488: 10438: 10032:""Rabba" Sara Hurwitz Rocks the Orthodox" 9870: 9820: 8710: 8656: 8468: 8070:"The Bible Methodist, Issue I, Volume 49" 7994: 7701:. Wheaton.edu. 2010-06-29. Archived from 7580: 7304: 6984: 6755: 6684:"Apostolic Letter ORDINATIO SACERDOTALIS" 6577: 6550:How God sees women: The end of patriarchy 6200:. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 78. 6197:Women's Ordination in the Catholic Church 5994: 5951:. Bhikkhuni.net. Retrieved on 2015-06-28. 5885: 5879: 5539: 5351:"The Story of One Burmese Nun - Tricycle" 5213: 4978: 4766:. Univ of North Carolina Press. pp. 4701: 3940: 3386:(ordination) on an equal basis with men. 2812:Convention of Philippine Baptist Churches 2418: 2039:This teaching is embodied in the current 199:were priestesses in temples dedicated to 11133:The Role of Women in Early Christianity, 10909: 10494: 10406: 10378: 10239: 10214: 9920: 9330: 9194: 9166: 8783: 8324: 8322: 8137: 8098: 7385: 7379: 7167: 7097:, London 1975, Oxford University Press, 6884: 6660:What the Bible actually teaches on women 6612:. Avon, Mass.: Adams Media. p. 51. 6547: 6260: 5909: 5839:. Vajradakininunnery.org. Archived from 5814:. Vajradakininunnery.org. Archived from 5737: 5566: 5456: 5418: 5190: 5188: 4953:("Lucretia Fida, the priest-for-life of 4436: 3718:priests and priestesses bear the titles 3694: 3524: 3291: 2837: 2394:Moderator of the United Church of Canada 2376:appointed female lay readers during the 2339: 2175:and in 1909 the first Mariavite bishop, 2126: 2075:An official Papal Commission ordered by 1994:by Paul) and others in Romans 16:1, the 915: 759: 551: 391: 253:of the Egyptian priestess Iset-en-kheb, 245: 119: 38: 18: 11103:, Multnomah Press, 2004. 1-57673-840-X. 10412: 10107:Rabbi Lila Kagedan (25 November 2015). 9063: 8994:Walsh, W. John; Walsh, Jenny Scoville. 8784:Benowitz, June Melby (18 August 2017). 8483: 7949:. Andromeda.rutgers.edu. Archived from 7866: 7826:Women bishops in the Church of England? 7613: 7344: 7301:, InterVarsity Press, USA, 2007, p. 230 7036:Winter, Miriam Therese (January 2001). 7029: 6220: 6139: 5602:. Warren Wilson College. Archived from 5597: 5533: 4910: 4175:Chaves, Mark; Cavendish, James (1997). 4119: 3237:In 2008, Pamela Taylor gave the Friday 2804:Progressive National Baptist Convention 2730:nor do they license them as pastors or 2712:Evangelical Methodist Church of America 2697:Allegheny Wesleyan Methodist Connection 2139:Inspired by a mystically inclined nun, 1106:"Adam and Eve" by Albrecht Dürer (1504) 831:deified women of the Imperial household 711:", an office never held by men. Female 419:Priestesses played a major role in the 11411: 11205:Virtualbookworm.com Publishing, 2008. 11157:Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005. 10865: 10611:A Year in the Life of a Shinto Shrine. 10391:. Jewish Women's Archive. 2009-03-01. 10137: 9977: 9880:. Jewish Women's Archive. 2003-09-11. 9855:. Jewish Women's Archive. 1974-05-19. 9695: 9293:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 9103: 8993: 8675: 8299:Stephenson, Lisa (30 September 2011). 8077:Bible Methodist Connection of Churches 7779:. Religioustolerance.org. 1976-09-16. 7386:Williams, Michael E. (2012). "ch. 2". 7035: 6607: 6601: 5829: 5750:. Wisdom Publications. pp. 166–. 5516:"Bhikkhunis: Ordaining Buddhist Women" 4911:Brouwer, Hendrik H. J. (1 June 1989). 4662: 4511: 4048: 3964:and associated also with the Bona Dea. 2988: 2917: 2701:Bible Methodist Connection of Churches 2104:. Some cite the alleged ordination of 1266:Ordination of women in Protestantism ( 965:and is believed to have been a woman. 658:("queen of the sacred rites") and the 16:Women's ordination in religious groups 11429:Women's rights in religious movements 11082:. Bloomington, Indiana: AuthorHouse. 10415:"A Bar to Women as Cantors Is Lifted" 10304:Josh Nathan-Kazis (3 November 2015). 10119:from the original on 26 November 2015 10024: 9591:"Woman leads controversial US prayer" 9414: 9357:"From trauma comes first female guru" 9117:Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought 9023: 8405:"NAD Reaffirm Commissioned Ministers" 8319: 8049:from the original on 3 September 2018 7802:"Celebrating the Philadelphia Eleven" 7722: 7716: 7423: 7245:. Americamagazine.org. Archived from 7168:McGuckin, John Anthony (2010-12-09). 6657: 6543: 6541: 6519: 6515: 6513: 6056:OCA Department of Christian Education 5918:"Bhikkhuni Ordination in Los Angeles" 5764:from the original on 31 December 2013 5185: 5022: 4464: 4415:"Lexicon:: Strong's H6948 - qĕdeshah" 4319:. Kate Lindemann, PhD. Archived from 4310: 4070: 3703:in the Osun Shrine in Osogbo, Nigeria 3494:, both ordained on January 10, 2010. 2842:According to its Working Policy, the 2740:Association of Independent Methodists 2295:doctrine for Reformed and most other 1036:(novice) vows with an American monk ( 570:, "priest", is the same for both the 523:presided over an oracle of Apollo in 11322:, Darton, Longman & Todd, 2001. 10910:Nigosian, Solomon Alexander (1993). 10878:. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 451. 10833: 10473:. Kenesethisrael.com. Archived from 10316:from the original on 7 November 2015 10176:from the original on 10 October 2014 9442:"First Muslim woman delivers sermon" 8067: 7972:"FMC Statement on Women in Ministry" 7964: 7140:"Orthodox Women and Pastoral Praxis" 6485: 6074: 5274:. Temple Ground Press. p. 148. 5158: 4220: 4218: 4170: 4168: 4128: 4066: 4064: 4019: 4017: 3845:Timeline of women hazzans in America 3508: 2449:Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod 2002:who were the first witnesses to the 1905:movement after stating he felt the " 1878:ordained women priests and bishops. 233:usually associated with the goddess 78:was traditionally reserved for men. 10202:from the original on 9 October 2014 8931:Stephen M. Veazey (March 1, 2007). 8657:Carpenter, Alexander (2021-08-18). 7627:. December 18, 1939. Archived from 7507:"Foundations of Women's Ordination" 7480:. Washingtontimes.com. 2011-01-31. 6885:Chappell, Bill (12 February 2020). 6632: 6275: 6171:"CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Montanists" 5784:"Background story for Sister Khema" 5514:Rita C. Larivee, SSA (2003-05-14). 5087:from the original on March 31, 2014 3933:and early church movement known as 3865:Timeline of women rabbis in America 3204:khutbah at the Etobicoke mosque in 3048: 2199: 1874:In the late second century AD, the 1625:Theologians and authors (by branch) 1310:Transgender people and Christianity 1255:Ordination of women in Christianity 412:, were made by women. Priestesses, 379:a priestess of Hathor as well as a 308:to the next, when his daughter was 13: 11369:Crossroad General Interest, 2001. 11277:, University of Texas Press, 1996. 11185:Les Diaconesses: Essai Historique, 11053:Journal of Ecclesiastical History, 11027: 10762:. Dianic-wicca.com. Archived from 10495:Haughney, Christine (2009-02-14). 9986:from the original on 23 March 2010 8766:"Women—May They Be "Ministers"?", 8711:Boorstein, Michelle (2015-06-29). 8125:from the original on 7 August 2017 8086:from the original on 7 August 2017 8030: 6913:. Womenpriests.org. Archived from 6538: 6510: 6452:, Thomas Nelson, USA, 2015, p. 117 6290:from the original on June 17, 2012 6235:10.1093/oso/9780198867067.003.0014 6142:"5 Things to Know About Montanism" 5248:. Congress-on-buddhist-women.org. 4231:. University of California Press. 3550:who served as high priestesses at 3403:manhiga hilkhatit rukhanit Toranit 3324:. Another exception is the female 2946:" or missionaries, or to serve at 2847:and ongoing influence of a woman, 2844:Seventh-day Adventist (SDA) Church 2687:, which ordained its first female 2571:Episcopal Diocese of Massachusetts 1262:Ordination of women in Catholicism 1101: 755:Sacerdos Matris Deum Magnae Idaeae 495:, the most famous of which is the 116:Religions of the ancient Near East 109: 14: 11440: 11348:Herder & Herder, 2002, 2006. 11173:Deaconesses: An Historical Study, 10787:. Templeofara.org. Archived from 10064:from the original on May 23, 2013 10034:. Heeb Magazine. March 10, 2010. 9959:from the original on 28 July 2011 9512:from the original on 6 March 2015 9331:Prentiss, Karen Pechilis (2004). 7924:. Churchtimes.co.uk. 2015-10-26. 6662:. Cascade Books, Wipf and Stock. 6099: 5995:Mackenzie, Vicki (22 July 2024). 5786:. Dhammasukha.org. Archived from 5376:"Resources on Women's Ordination" 5162:Encyclopedia of feminist theories 4708:Arnold Hugh Martin Jones (1986). 4396:Reading Sumerian poetry (pg. 142) 4215: 4165: 4151:. New York: Herder & Herder. 4061: 4025:"The divide over ordaining women" 4014: 3763: 3586:to serve at Ise Grand Shrine was 3499:Jewish Orthodox Feminist Alliance 3370:became the first female rabbi in 3362:became the first female rabbi in 3354:became the first female rabbi in 3346:became the first female rabbi in 2685:Methodist Church of Great Britain 2009: 1425:Theologians and authors (by view) 387: 150:ceremony with priests and kings. 10760:"Dianic Wiccan Clergy Priestess" 10603: 10543: 10389:"Cantors: American Jewish Women" 10131: 10076: 10050: 10038:from the original on 20 May 2010 10006:"Between A Rav And A Hard Place" 9998: 9945: 9786: 9773: 9756: 9743: 9601: 9583: 9472:. Enc.slider.com. Archived from 9301: 9251: 8987: 8836:"Head Coverings—When and Why?", 8777: 8704: 8669: 8659:"The State of the Pacific Union" 8650: 8477: 8462: 8426: 8397: 8376: 8260: 8231: 8218: 8203: 8158: 8061: 7741: 7417: 7327: 7291: 7087: 7044:. Crossroad Publishing Company. 6878: 6860: 6737:Catechism of the Catholic Church 6651: 6587:. F+W Media. 2010. p. 145. 6221:Madigan, Kevin J. (2021-02-18). 5886:Boorstein, Sylvia (2011-05-25). 5518:. Nationalcatholicreporter.org. 5296:"Abbess Nyodai's 700th Memorial" 5108:. Gampoabbey.org. Archived from 4840:Barbette Stanley Spaeth (1996). 4800:Lesley E. Lundeen (2006-12-14). 4669:L. Richardson, jr (1992-10-01). 4631:Ariadne Staples (January 1998). 3967: 3820:List of ordained Christian women 2800:National Baptist Convention, USA 2716:Fundamental Methodist Conference 2656:Ordination of women in Methodism 2046:Catechism of the Catholic Church 1778:In the liturgical traditions of 1366:Christians for Biblical Equality 764:Latin dedication to the goddess 241: 91:sex discrimination in employment 11259:Oxford University Press, 1999. 10983:from the original on 2013-09-27 10958:from the original on 2013-10-14 10930:from the original on 2015-10-19 10892:from the original on 2015-10-19 10854:from the original on 2016-01-06 10741:from the original on 2010-02-01 10688:from the original on 2011-07-20 10663:from the original on 2013-08-30 10638:from the original on 2012-04-04 10563:from the original on 2015-09-18 10507:from the original on 2016-02-09 10427:from the original on 2013-05-18 10395:from the original on 2010-11-24 10367:from the original on 2010-11-25 10342:from the original on 2010-09-27 10286:from the original on 2015-11-07 10257:from the original on 2015-11-08 10228:from the original on 2015-11-04 10060:. 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Dyson (2010-08-01). 4860:from the original on 2013-12-31 4822:from the original on 2013-12-31 4758:Celia E. Schultz (2006-12-08). 4651:from the original on 2013-12-31 4613:from the original on 2013-12-31 4575:from the original on 2013-12-31 4425:from the original on 2013-10-22 4361:from the original on 2013-12-31 4347:. Horatius Press. p. 376. 4263:from the original on 2013-01-27 4049:Turpin, Andrea (May 24, 2018). 3923: 3089:Bhairavi Brahmani is a guru of 3065: 1146:Jesus's interactions with women 1079: 956:twenty-seventh Indian Patriarch 857:, perhaps to guard against the 541: 478:High Priestess of Athena Polias 203:, or may be a reference to the 193:Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta 191:In Sumerian epic texts such as 11405:77:5 (September 2003) 386–408. 11033:Canon Law Society of America. 10413:Goldman, Ari L. (1990-09-19). 9628:"Woman-led prayer honours IWD" 8008:. 17 June 2014. Archived from 7594:. July 8, 1946. Archived from 6936:"Women's Ordination Worldwide" 6194:O'Brien, John (30 July 2020). 5467:. Lakehouse.lk. Archived from 5029:A Companion to Roman Religion' 4555:Gerald Hovenden (2002-12-31). 4042: 3975:Seventh-day Adventist Yearbook 3906: 3335:, active in the 19th century. 2817: 2796:Baptist Union of Great Britain 2445:Lutheran Church Missouri Synod 2427: 2359:Generals of the Salvation Army 1300:Christianity and homosexuality 99:separation of church and state 29:Maria Izabela Wiłucka-Kowalska 1: 11330:; Continuum, New York, 2001. 10138:Harris, Ben (March 9, 2010). 9828:"Sally Jane Priesand b. 1946" 9700:. London: Independent.co.uk. 9696:Taylor, Jerome (2010-06-10). 8838:Keep Yourselves in God's Love 8635:. Blog.pe.com. Archived from 7723:Knell, Yolande (2023-01-22). 7241:Phyllis Zagano (2004-10-08). 7146:. Spring 1999. Archived from 6961:"Catholic Women's Ordination" 6752:, October 15, 1976, section 1 6140:Authors, Guest (2014-01-07). 6001:Tricycle: The Buddhist Review 5628:. Wa.buddhistcouncil.org.au. 5598:Sommer, PhD, Jeanne Matthew. 5425:Monica Lindberg Falk (2007). 4561:. Continuum. pp. 22–23. 3983: 3855:Timeline of women in religion 3427:Rabbinical Council of America 3411:Rabbinical Council of America 3316:, the feminine equivalent of 2929:to represent the baptizand's 2892:Philippine Independent Church 2886:Philippine Independent Church 2808:Australian Baptist Ministries 2792:American Baptist Churches USA 2369:not consider doing likewise. 2348:preacher and her congregation 2273: 2188:and are based in the town of 2122: 2102:Women's Ordination Conference 2090: 745:. Other Priestesses were the 316:Ancient Egyptian priestesses: 11304:Harper and Row, 1985, 1986. 11076:Hanna-Ewers, Deanne (2013). 10954:. Parsi Khabar. 2011-03-09. 9626:Source: 12/02/2008 4:30 pm. 9208:, LDS Church, archived from 9180:, LDS Church, archived from 8810:"Happy Full-Time Servants", 8581:. Adventist.nl. 2013-09-22. 8411:. 2011-11-04. Archived from 8165:Margaret Hope Bacon (1986). 7867:Darnton, John (1994-03-13). 5431:. NIAS Press. pp. 25–. 5159:Code, Lorraine, ed. (2003). 5064:Religion in Republican Italy 4806:Religion in Republican Italy 3880:Women as theological figures 3474: 3182:have begun to protest this. 3138:(prayer). Three of the four 2977: 2746:Religious Society of Friends 2649: 2560:Continuing Anglican movement 2546: 2255: 2243: 1176:Women as theological figures 7: 11387:Herder & Herder, 2000. 10589:. Oxford University Press. 9978:Eisner, Jane (2009-11-14). 9666:Kia Abdullah (2008-10-17). 9385:Bruno Philip (2005-08-26). 9335:. Oxford University Press. 8996:"Questions About Mormonism" 8676:Aamodt, Alex (2021-09-21). 8152:Evangelical Wesleyan Church 7451:Anglican Theological Review 6396:Southern Baptist Convention 5744:James Ishmael Ford (2006). 5576:. Ipsnews.net. 2013-11-01. 5198:. Owbaw.org. Archived from 3778: 3300:, the world's first female 3081: 2896:independent Catholic church 2720:Evangelical Wesleyan Church 2498:in 1944 and Jane Hwang and 2462: 2361:were women. Similarly, the 2301:priesthood of all believers 2098:Roman Catholic Womenpriests 1964:and reiterated in the 1976 1136:Christian views on marriage 905: 751:Sacerdos Fortunae Muliebris 733:("Good Goddess"), for whom 176:, an Akkadian priestess of 31:was consecrated in 1929 in 10: 11445: 11187:Edizioni Liturgiche, 1982. 11135:Edwin Mellen Press, 1982. 11055:1963, v. 14, p. 1-23. 10448:. Jmwc.org. Archived from 10363:. Jewish Women's Archive. 10198:. Jewish Women's Archive. 9905:. Jewish Women's Archive. 9830:. Jewish Women's Archive. 9728:. Jewish Women's Archive. 9630:. Awid.org. Archived from 9415:Rajan, Amol (2008-10-17). 8854:"Questions From Readers", 8502:. Pacific Union Recorder. 8210:Benjamin Woodford (2013). 8116:Primitive Methodist Church 7565:. Gcah.org. Archived from 7117:. Religioustolerance.org. 6820:. Vatican.va. 2007-12-19. 6267:Justo L. González (1987). 6032:National Catholic Reporter 6028:"Women deacons in history" 4991:. JHU Press. p. 283. 4384:Cambridge University Press 4341:Plinio Prioreschi (1996). 4071:Green, Emma (2017-07-05). 3973:The print editions of the 3649: 3608: 3566:) such as princesses (女王, 3277: 3271: 3267: 3111: 2981: 2781: 2724:Primitive Methodist Church 2653: 2545:, Katrina Welles Swanson ( 2529:, Alla Bozarth (Campell), 2505:On July 29, 1974, Bishops 2466: 2453:Evangelical Lutheran Synod 2431: 2277: 2266: 2249: 2237: 2013: 1934:infallibility of the Bible 1345:Evangelical and Ecumenical 1161:Paul the Apostle and women 1151:List of women in the Bible 909: 845:attempted to suppress the 545: 507:, credited throughout the 482:Priestess of Hera at Argos 113: 54:in the Anglican Communion. 50:and also the first female 10810:"The Avalonian Tradition" 10785:"About the Temple of Ara" 10361:"Betty Robbins 1924–2004" 10144:Jewish Telegraphic Agency 9953:"home - Yeshivat Maharat" 9930:. Shj.org. Archived from 9361:The Sydney Morning Herald 9065:Toscano, Margaret Merrill 8790:. ABC-CLIO. p. 283. 7178:. John Wiley & Sons. 6548:Williams, Terran (2022). 6522:The force of the feminine 5997:"Making the Sangha Whole" 4599:. Continuum. p. 24. 4147:Wijngaards, John (2006). 3850:Timeline of women hazzans 3690: 3645: 3520: 3432:Agudath Israel of America 3356:Reconstructionist Judaism 3288:Timeline of women hazzans 3142:schools, as well as many 3060:Science of the Sacraments 2708:Southern Methodist Church 2644:Katharine Jefferts Schori 2186:Catholic Mariavite Church 1996:female disciples of Jesus 1948:, being male only. Other 1867:New International Version 1733:Katharine Jefferts Schori 1453:Virginia Ramey Mollenkott 425:High Priestess of Demeter 364:is the earliest attested 298:Divine Adoratrice of Amun 267:Ancient Egyptian religion 44:Katharine Jefferts Schori 11271:Spaeth, Barbette Stanley 11113:Liturgical Press, 1976. 11064:Liturgical Press, 2000. 10682:"Rights of a Sikh Woman" 10634:. Eos.kokugakuin.ac.jp. 10609:Nelson, John K. (1996). 10338:. Myjewishlearning.com. 10172:. The Jewish Chronicle. 10113:The Canadian Jewish News 9805:. Yivoencyclopedia.org. 9726:"Regina Jonas 1902–1944" 7563:"Maud Jensen, 1904-1998" 7424:Bacon, Margaret (1986). 6486:Raab, Kelley A. (2000). 5864:. Vajra Dakini Nunnery. 5131:Encyclopedia of Buddhism 4131:Women and the Priesthood 3900: 3870:Timeline of women rabbis 3790:Christian views of women 3678: 3663:became the first female 3459:Barbara Ostfeld-Horowitz 3280:Timeline of women rabbis 3107: 2950:. Nevertheless, Witness 2939:Supreme Court of Vermont 2927:qualified public baptism 2610:Episcopal Church of Cuba 2400:, who served 1980–1982. 2231:lex orandi, lex credendi 2028:in the apostolic letter 2000:women at the crucifixion 1698:Frederica Mathewes-Green 1204:Christian egalitarianism 1166:Rape in the Hebrew Bible 1068:The official lineage of 976:became the first female 861:of the cult, since even 672:first day of every month 273:was the highest ranking 221:, derived from the root 11275:The Roman goddess Ceres 11169:Martimort, Aimé Georges 9764:The Middle East Journal 8699:Adventist Review Online 8214:. McGill-Queen's Press. 8195:Rebecca Larson (1999). 8068:Sams, G. Clair (2017). 7588:"Fundamentalist Pillar" 7465:The General Next to God 7214:. Paulist Press. 2011. 7171:John Anthony McGuckin, 6633:Lee, Dorothy A (2021). 5722:. Thebuddhadharma.com. 4879:The Roman Goddess Ceres 4843:The Roman Goddess Ceres 4380:Reading Sumerian Poetry 3467:Marla Rosenfeld Barugel 3440:Yeshivat Chovevei Torah 3322:Petachiah of Regensburg 3055:Liberal Catholic Church 2677:United Methodist Church 2390:United Methodist Church 2382:United Church of Canada 2206:Eastern Orthodox Church 1852:. Additionally, Paul's 1315:Women in Church history 1227:Asian feminist theology 1096:Christianity and gender 285:, while the capital of 225:, are mentioned in the 180:in the 26th century BC. 105:Ancient pagan religions 11175:Ignatius Press, 1986, 10659:. Sandeep Singh Brar. 10471:"Cantor Sharon Hordes" 9387:"Women imams of China" 8755:Adventist News Network 8486:Pacific Union Recorder 8471:Pacific Union Recorder 7354:. BRILL. p. 177. 7144:The St. Nina Quarterly 6911:"Women Can Be Priests" 6608:Lester, Meera (2005). 5862:"Vajra Dakini Nunnery" 5812:"Women Making History" 5651:"Bhikkhuni Ordination" 5143:Book of the Discipline 5133:(Volume One), page 352 4899:De Mulierum Virtutibus 4317:Women-philosophers.com 4257:BBC News - UK Politics 3960:, one of the names of 3704: 3533: 3305: 2695:) in 1974, and in the 2480:From 1930 to 1978 the 2419:Church of the Nazarene 2363:Church of the Nazarene 2349: 2319: 2261: 2229: 2155:and the region around 2136: 2054: 2032:Ordinatio sacerdotalis 2030: 2004:Resurrection of Christ 1922: 1894:Protestant Reformation 1872: 1829:Historians Gary Macy, 1107: 933: 825:record priestesses of 779: 561: 406:ancient Greek religion 401: 281:, during the reign of 262: 128: 89:. Where laws prohibit 72:major religious groups 55: 36: 10834:Kete, Molefi (2009). 10737:. Chinadaily.com.cn. 9903:"Amy Eilberg b. 1955" 9234:The Salt Lake Tribune 8527:. Eud.adventist.org. 7976:Free Methodist Church 7675:David William Kling. 7346:Spijker, Willem van't 6989:. Thenewsherald.com. 6658:Giles, Kevin (2018). 6467:Assemblies of God USA 6428:adventistarchives.org 5149:, volume V, Chapter X 4963:Conventus Bracarensis 4677:. JHU Press. p. 4378:Jeremy Black (1998), 4280:Sarah Dening (1996), 3698: 3598:of Japanese history. 3528: 3352:Sandy Eisenberg Sasso 3295: 3070:On 19 February 2000, 2838:Seventh-day Adventist 2810:, and in 1980 in the 2681:Free Methodist Church 2555:Congress of St. Louis 2519:U.S. Episcopal Church 2409:Pillar of Fire Church 2343: 2335:Good News Translation 2305: 2220: 2130: 2022:Roman Catholic Church 1911: 1858: 1784:Roman Catholic Church 1663:Juana Inés de la Cruz 1458:Letha Dawson Scanzoni 1387:Manhood and Womanhood 1186:Women in Christianity 1171:Stay-at-home daughter 1105: 1051:The Eight Garudhammas 1005:Dhammananda Bhikkhuni 919: 763: 558:Virgo Vestalis Maxima 555: 395: 249: 123: 114:Further information: 48:U.S. Episcopal Church 42: 22: 11241:Beacon Press, 1998. 11217:Miller, Patricia Cox 11195:Meehan, Bridget Mary 11191:McGrath, Elsie Hainz 10581:Susan Sered (1999). 9781:Religious Leadership 9751:Religious Leadership 9444:. Tribuneindia.com. 8812:Our Kingdom Ministry 8330:"GC Session Actions" 8154:. 2015. p. 115. 7598:on 30 September 2007 7505:Clergy Development. 7093:Peterkiewicz Jerzy, 7070:Catholic News Agency 6733:Codex Iruis Canonici 6229:. pp. 261–289. 5920:. Asiantribune.com. 5378:. Lhamo.tripod.com. 5328:. 16 February 2010. 5272:Receiving the Marrow 5060:Jean MacIntosh Turfa 4470:Also transliterated 4455:Strong's Concordance 4447:Lexicon results for 4283:The Mythology of Sex 3950:of the Bona Dea was 3532:priest and priestess 3449:Only men can become 3425:In the fall of 2015 3372:Conservative Judaism 2999:Restoration Branches 2956:ministerial servants 2948:their branch offices 2633:Canterbury Cathedral 2020:The teaching of the 1958:apostolic succession 1942:levitical priesthood 1854:letter to the Romans 1568:George W. Knight III 815:St. Peter's Basilica 809:preserves the title 801:("Great Mother", or 771:by Lucretia Fida, a 590:(plural) devoted to 576:Roman state religion 443:were priestesses of 429:Dadouchousa Prietess 421:Eleusinian Mysteries 261:(7th–6th century BC) 11419:Ordination of women 11302:New Catholic Women, 10282:. 3 November 2015. 10170:"Pioneering Clergy" 8949:Stephen M. Veazey, 8939:on August 19, 2012. 8717:The Washington Post 7173:The Orthodox Church 6843:"Substantive Norms" 6709:"Code of Canon Law" 6524:. Allen and Unwin. 6282:George Fox (1831). 6075:Macy, Gary (2008). 5496:on February 6, 2004 5463:Bhikkhuni Sobhana. 5322:"Saccavadi's story" 5246:"A New Possibility" 4259:. BBC. 2012-11-22. 4029:Pew Research Center 3709:indigenous religion 3215:On March 18, 2005, 3076:Old Catholic Church 2995:Community of Christ 2989:Community of Christ 2984:Mormonism and women 2923:Jehovah's Witnesses 2918:Jehovah's Witnesses 2523:Philadelphia Eleven 2515:Edward R. Welles II 2475:bishop's messengers 2405:Alma Bridwell White 2388:) and the American 2386:Lydia Emelie Gruchy 2173:Old Catholic Church 2024:, as emphasized by 1718:April Ulring Larson 1643:Hildegard of Bingen 1385:Council on Biblical 1232:Biblical patriarchy 1156:Ordination of women 946:Mahapajapati Gotami 743:Sacerdos Bonae Deae 662:(high priestess of 572:grammatical genders 366:priestess of Hathor 279:High Priest of Amun 60:ordination of women 11183:. Translation of: 11121:. Translation of: 10501:The New York Times 10420:The New York Times 10280:The Jerusalem Post 9980:"Forward 50, 2009" 9803:"Maiden of Ludmir" 9506:The New York Times 9105:Newell, Linda King 9079:. Salt Lake City: 9039:. Salt Lake City: 8911:2013-10-21 at the 8814:, May 1980, page 6 8749:2015-07-12 at the 8169:. Harper&Row. 7907:2016-01-06 at the 7874:The New York Times 7831:2015-10-19 at the 7683:2015-10-19 at the 7662:2015-10-19 at the 7444:2006-06-28 at the 7392:. Abingdon Press. 7320:2019-01-04 at the 7207:Gary Macy et al., 6875:, October 26, 2019 6871:2019-11-15 at the 6804:2011-05-08 at the 6793:2015-05-29 at the 6637:. Baker Academic. 5947:2015-06-29 at the 5916:Dr. Stephen Long. 5720:"The Lost Lineage" 5705:2015-10-19 at the 5606:on 4 December 2008 5490:"Ordained At Last" 5106:"Ani Pema Chödrön" 5026:(13 August 2007). 4461:'s Lexicon (1857). 4401:2015-10-19 at the 4288:2010-09-01 at the 4031:. 9 September 2014 3956:, presumably from 3929:Except within the 3885:Women in the Bible 3795:Christian feminism 3705: 3534: 3483:Avitall Gerstetter 3380:Humanistic Judaism 3306: 3304:, ordained in 1935 2909:Obispo Maximo XIII 2543:Betty Bone Schiess 2398:Lois Miriam Wilson 2350: 2137: 2115:in 1970 by Bishop 1946:historic rabbinate 1876:Montanist movement 1846:diaconal ministers 1792:Oriental Orthodoxy 1658:Christine de Pizan 1653:Catherine of Siena 1478:Gilbert Bilezikian 1289:Church and society 1209:Complementarianism 1181:Women in the Bible 1131:Biblical womanhood 1108: 1038:Bhante Vimalaramsi 934: 855:Dionysian religion 780: 562: 474:Athenian Acropolis 402: 381:priestess of Neith 271:God's Wife of Amun 263: 231:sacred prostitutes 129: 56: 37: 11393:978-0-8245-1832-5 11375:978-0-8245-1889-9 11293:978-0-06-059816-7 11287:HarperOne, 2006. 11211:978-1-60264-223-2 11125:J. Duculot, 1972. 11089:978-1-4520-5398-1 11012:on 9 October 2014 10707:"China Pictorial" 10684:. SikhWomen.com. 10224:. Jta.org. 2015. 9595:www.aljazeera.com 9508:. 19 March 2005. 9321:Neevel, pp. 74–77 9266:www.kirchen.ch:80 9025:Quinn, D. Michael 8797:978-1-4408-3987-0 8312:978-90-04-20752-3 8012:on 5 October 2016 7631:on 23 August 2007 7621:"Bishop v. Drink" 7463:William Collier, 7334:Ephesians 4:11–13 7313:Hagopian, David. 6750:Inter Insigniores 6735:canon 1024, c.f. 6345:1 Timothy 2:11–15 6271:. Abingdon Press. 6244:978-0-19-886706-7 6207:978-1-7252-6805-0 6175:www.newadvent.org 5757:978-0-86171-509-1 5438:978-87-7694-019-5 5302:on March 21, 2012 5223:. Buddhanet.net. 5172:978-0-415-30885-4 5147:Pali Text Society 5083:. June 23, 1999. 4998:978-1-4214-0101-0 4924:978-90-04-08606-7 4853:978-0-292-77693-7 4815:978-1-139-46067-5 4777:978-0-8078-7725-8 4727:978-0-8018-3353-3 4688:978-0-8018-4300-6 4644:978-0-415-13233-6 4606:978-0-567-08462-0 4568:978-1-84127-306-8 4520:. ARCE: 211–237. 4443:Blue Letter Bible 4421:. Sowing Circle. 4419:Blue Letter Bible 4354:978-1-888456-01-1 4311:Lindemann, Kate. 4299:978-0-02-861207-2 4238:978-0-520-20922-0 3805:Feminist theology 3785:Buddhist feminism 3636:, and one of the 3622:Guru Granth Sahib 3618:Guru Gobind Singh 3570:). In principle, 3556:Amaterasu-ōmikami 3509:Ryukyuan religion 3401:" (an acronym of 3180:Islamic feminists 2935:ordained minister 2824:Assemblies of God 2806:, in 1978 in the 2802:, in 1969 in the 2798:, in 1965 in the 2794:, in 1922 in the 2788:Free Will Baptist 2617:Church of England 2539:Jeannette Piccard 2440:Church of Denmark 2374:Church of England 2149:Russian Partition 2141:Feliksa Kozłowska 2026:Pope John Paul II 1776: 1775: 1741: 1740: 1673:Pope John Paul II 1648:Julian of Norwich 1616: 1615: 1588:Dorothy Patterson 1416: 1415: 1410: 1242:Womanist theology 1055:Bhante Gunaratana 851:senatorial decree 838:mystery religions 509:Greco-Roman world 454:at the oracle of 352:Maatkare Mutemhat 347:Karomama Meritmut 87:Church of England 11436: 11342:Wijngaards, John 11316:Wijngaards, John 11093: 11022: 11021: 11019: 11017: 11008:. Archived from 10998: 10992: 10991: 10989: 10988: 10973: 10967: 10966: 10964: 10963: 10948: 10939: 10938: 10936: 10935: 10907: 10901: 10900: 10898: 10897: 10869: 10863: 10862: 10860: 10859: 10831: 10825: 10824: 10822: 10821: 10806: 10800: 10799: 10797: 10796: 10781: 10775: 10774: 10772: 10771: 10756: 10750: 10749: 10747: 10746: 10731: 10722: 10721: 10719: 10718: 10703: 10697: 10696: 10694: 10693: 10678: 10672: 10671: 10669: 10668: 10653: 10647: 10646: 10644: 10643: 10628: 10622: 10607: 10601: 10600: 10588: 10578: 10572: 10571: 10569: 10568: 10562: 10555: 10551:"JOFA Statement" 10547: 10541: 10540: 10538: 10537: 10522: 10516: 10515: 10513: 10512: 10503:. Amherst, N.Y. 10492: 10486: 10485: 10483: 10482: 10467: 10461: 10460: 10458: 10457: 10442: 10436: 10435: 10433: 10432: 10410: 10404: 10403: 10401: 10400: 10385: 10376: 10375: 10373: 10372: 10357: 10351: 10350: 10348: 10347: 10332: 10326: 10325: 10323: 10321: 10301: 10295: 10294: 10292: 10291: 10272: 10266: 10265: 10263: 10262: 10243: 10237: 10236: 10234: 10233: 10218: 10212: 10211: 10209: 10207: 10192: 10186: 10185: 10183: 10181: 10166: 10160: 10159: 10157: 10155: 10146:. Archived from 10135: 10129: 10128: 10126: 10124: 10104: 10098: 10097: 10095: 10094: 10088:Yeshivat Maharat 10080: 10074: 10073: 10071: 10069: 10054: 10048: 10047: 10045: 10043: 10028: 10022: 10021: 10019: 10017: 10012:on June 27, 2009 10008:. Archived from 10002: 9996: 9995: 9993: 9991: 9975: 9969: 9968: 9966: 9964: 9949: 9943: 9942: 9940: 9939: 9924: 9918: 9917: 9915: 9914: 9899: 9893: 9892: 9890: 9889: 9874: 9868: 9867: 9865: 9864: 9849: 9843: 9842: 9840: 9839: 9824: 9818: 9817: 9815: 9814: 9799: 9793: 9790: 9784: 9777: 9771: 9760: 9754: 9747: 9741: 9740: 9738: 9737: 9722: 9713: 9712: 9710: 9709: 9693: 9687: 9686: 9684: 9683: 9663: 9657: 9656: 9650: 9642: 9640: 9639: 9623: 9617: 9616: 9605: 9599: 9598: 9587: 9581: 9580: 9578: 9577: 9562: 9553: 9552: 9550: 9549: 9543: 9537:. Archived from 9536: 9528: 9522: 9521: 9519: 9517: 9498: 9485: 9484: 9482: 9481: 9470:"Women as imams" 9466: 9457: 9456: 9454: 9453: 9438: 9432: 9431: 9429: 9428: 9412: 9406: 9405: 9403: 9402: 9382: 9376: 9375: 9373: 9372: 9353: 9347: 9346: 9328: 9322: 9319: 9313: 9312: 9305: 9299: 9298: 9292: 9284: 9282: 9280: 9275:on 22 March 2003 9274: 9268:. Archived from 9263: 9255: 9249: 9248: 9246: 9245: 9226: 9220: 9219: 9218: 9217: 9198: 9192: 9191: 9190: 9189: 9170: 9164: 9163: 9161: 9160: 9154: 9130:10.2307/45227982 9113: 9101: 9095: 9094: 9061: 9055: 9054: 9021: 9015: 9014: 9012: 9011: 9002:. Archived from 8991: 8985: 8984: 8982: 8980: 8971:. Archived from 8960: 8954: 8947: 8941: 8940: 8935:. Archived from 8928: 8922: 8903: 8897: 8896: 8894: 8893: 8884:. Archived from 8878: 8872: 8865: 8859: 8852: 8846: 8843: 8834: 8828: 8821: 8815: 8808: 8802: 8801: 8781: 8775: 8773: 8764: 8758: 8741: 8732: 8731: 8729: 8728: 8708: 8702: 8692: 8686: 8685: 8673: 8667: 8666: 8654: 8648: 8647: 8645: 8644: 8629: 8623: 8622: 8620: 8619: 8610:. Archived from 8600: 8594: 8593: 8591: 8590: 8575: 8569: 8568: 8566: 8565: 8556:. Archived from 8546: 8540: 8539: 8537: 8536: 8521: 8515: 8514: 8512: 8511: 8496: 8490: 8489: 8481: 8475: 8474: 8466: 8460: 8459: 8448: 8442: 8441: 8430: 8424: 8423: 8421: 8420: 8401: 8395: 8394: 8388: 8380: 8374: 8373: 8371: 8370: 8355: 8349: 8348: 8346: 8345: 8326: 8317: 8316: 8296: 8287: 8282:Erich Geldbach, 8280: 8271: 8264: 8258: 8253:Erich Geldbach, 8251: 8242: 8237:Erich Geldbach, 8235: 8229: 8222: 8216: 8215: 8207: 8201: 8200: 8192: 8181: 8180: 8162: 8156: 8155: 8144: 8135: 8134: 8132: 8130: 8124: 8113: 8105: 8096: 8095: 8093: 8091: 8085: 8074: 8065: 8059: 8058: 8056: 8054: 8048: 8037: 8028: 8022: 8021: 8019: 8017: 7998: 7992: 7991: 7989: 7987: 7982:on 7 August 2017 7978:. Archived from 7968: 7962: 7961: 7959: 7958: 7943: 7937: 7936: 7934: 7933: 7918: 7912: 7899: 7890: 7889: 7887: 7886: 7864: 7858: 7857: 7852:. Archived from 7842: 7836: 7823: 7817: 7816: 7814: 7813: 7804:. Archived from 7798: 7792: 7791: 7789: 7788: 7773: 7764: 7763: 7761: 7760: 7745: 7739: 7738: 7736: 7735: 7720: 7714: 7713: 7711: 7710: 7695: 7689: 7673: 7667: 7654: 7648: 7647: 7644: 7637: 7636: 7617: 7611: 7610: 7604: 7603: 7584: 7578: 7577: 7575: 7574: 7559: 7553: 7552: 7550: 7549: 7534: 7528: 7527: 7525: 7524: 7518: 7512:. Archived from 7511: 7502: 7493: 7492: 7490: 7489: 7474: 7468: 7461: 7455: 7436: 7430: 7429: 7421: 7415: 7414: 7412: 7411: 7383: 7377: 7376: 7374: 7373: 7342: 7336: 7331: 7325: 7311: 7302: 7295: 7289: 7288: 7286: 7285: 7279: 7273:. Archived from 7272: 7264: 7258: 7257: 7255: 7254: 7238: 7232: 7231: 7229: 7228: 7202: 7196: 7195: 7193: 7192: 7165: 7159: 7158: 7156: 7155: 7136: 7130: 7129: 7127: 7126: 7111: 7105: 7091: 7085: 7084: 7082: 7081: 7062: 7056: 7055: 7043: 7033: 7027: 7026: 7024: 7023: 7008: 7002: 7001: 6999: 6998: 6982: 6976: 6975: 6973: 6972: 6957: 6951: 6950: 6948: 6947: 6932: 6926: 6925: 6923: 6922: 6907: 6901: 6900: 6898: 6897: 6882: 6876: 6864: 6858: 6857: 6855: 6854: 6839: 6833: 6832: 6830: 6829: 6814: 6808: 6784: 6778: 6777: 6775: 6774: 6759: 6753: 6746: 6740: 6730: 6724: 6723: 6721: 6720: 6705: 6699: 6698: 6696: 6695: 6680: 6674: 6673: 6655: 6649: 6648: 6630: 6624: 6623: 6605: 6599: 6598: 6581: 6575: 6570: 6564: 6563: 6545: 6536: 6535: 6517: 6508: 6507: 6483: 6477: 6476: 6474: 6473: 6459: 6453: 6446: 6440: 6439: 6437: 6435: 6425: 6417: 6411: 6410: 6408: 6407: 6398:. Archived from 6388: 6382: 6381: 6379: 6378: 6364: 6358: 6353: 6347: 6342: 6336: 6331: 6325: 6324: 6322: 6320: 6306: 6300: 6299: 6297: 6295: 6279: 6273: 6272: 6264: 6258: 6255: 6249: 6248: 6218: 6212: 6211: 6191: 6185: 6184: 6182: 6181: 6167: 6161: 6160: 6158: 6157: 6148:. Archived from 6137: 6131: 6126: 6120: 6119: 6113: 6112: 6097: 6091: 6090: 6072: 6066: 6065: 6063: 6062: 6048: 6042: 6041: 6039: 6038: 6024: 6018: 6017:, JUNE 27, 2022. 6011: 6005: 6004: 5992: 5986: 5985: 5983: 5982: 5976: 5969: 5961: 5952: 5939: 5933: 5932: 5930: 5929: 5913: 5907: 5906: 5904: 5903: 5883: 5877: 5876: 5874: 5873: 5858: 5852: 5851: 5849: 5848: 5833: 5827: 5826: 5824: 5823: 5808: 5799: 5798: 5796: 5795: 5780: 5774: 5773: 5771: 5769: 5741: 5735: 5734: 5732: 5731: 5716: 5710: 5697: 5691: 5690: 5688: 5687: 5672: 5666: 5665: 5663: 5662: 5647: 5641: 5640: 5638: 5637: 5622: 5616: 5615: 5613: 5611: 5595: 5589: 5588: 5586: 5585: 5570: 5564: 5563: 5561: 5560: 5537: 5531: 5530: 5528: 5527: 5511: 5505: 5504: 5502: 5501: 5486: 5480: 5479: 5477: 5476: 5460: 5454: 5453: 5451: 5450: 5422: 5416: 5415: 5413: 5412: 5403:. Archived from 5397: 5391: 5390: 5388: 5387: 5372: 5366: 5365: 5363: 5362: 5347: 5341: 5340: 5338: 5337: 5318: 5312: 5311: 5309: 5307: 5292: 5286: 5285: 5267: 5261: 5260: 5258: 5257: 5242: 5236: 5235: 5233: 5232: 5217: 5211: 5210: 5208: 5207: 5192: 5183: 5182: 5180: 5179: 5156: 5150: 5140: 5134: 5127: 5121: 5120: 5118: 5117: 5102: 5096: 5095: 5093: 5092: 5073: 5067: 5057: 5051: 5050: 5048: 5046: 5020: 5014: 5013: 5011: 5010: 4982: 4976: 4942: 4936: 4935: 4933: 4931: 4908: 4902: 4891:Valerius Maximus 4875: 4869: 4868: 4866: 4865: 4837: 4831: 4830: 4828: 4827: 4797: 4788: 4787: 4785: 4784: 4765: 4755: 4738: 4737: 4735: 4734: 4715: 4705: 4699: 4698: 4696: 4695: 4676: 4666: 4660: 4659: 4657: 4656: 4628: 4622: 4621: 4619: 4618: 4590: 4584: 4583: 4581: 4580: 4552: 4546: 4545: 4526:10.2307/40000840 4509: 4503: 4468: 4462: 4453:, incorporating 4451:(Strong's H2181) 4440: 4434: 4433: 4431: 4430: 4411: 4405: 4376: 4370: 4369: 4367: 4366: 4338: 4332: 4331: 4329: 4328: 4308: 4302: 4278: 4272: 4271: 4269: 4268: 4249: 4243: 4242: 4222: 4213: 4212: 4172: 4163: 4162: 4144: 4126: 4117: 4116: 4098: 4087: 4086: 4084: 4083: 4068: 4059: 4058: 4046: 4040: 4039: 4037: 4036: 4021: 4012: 4011: 4009: 4008: 3993: 3978: 3971: 3965: 3946:One title for a 3944: 3938: 3927: 3921: 3910: 3890:Women in Judaism 3810:Islamic feminism 3752:and a priest of 3552:Ise Grand Shrine 3548:Japanese emperor 3471:Cantors Assembly 3436:Yeshivat Maharat 3415:Yeshivat Maharat 3397:with the title " 3333:Maiden of Ludmir 3049:Liberal Catholic 3031:Margaret Toscano 3027:D. Michael Quinn 3012:First Presidency 2880:Ted N. C. Wilson 2768:Susanna Freeborn 2765: 2607:extra provincial 2548: 2511:Robert L. DeWitt 2500:Joyce M. Bennett 2317: 2313:David Hagopian. 2269: 2268: 2258: 2252: 2251: 2246: 2240: 2239: 2234: 2225: 2200:Eastern Orthodox 2181:Mariavite Church 2177:Michael Kowalski 2106:Ludmila Javorová 2035: 1920: 1870: 1816:religious orders 1782:, including the 1768: 1761: 1754: 1728:Lise-Lotte Rebel 1688:Eastern Orthodox 1629: 1628: 1503:Kenneth E. Hagin 1429: 1428: 1408: 1331: 1330: 1084: 1083: 1070:Tibetan Buddhist 930:Tibetan Buddhism 739:Sacerdos Cereris 707:, "priestess of 700:sacerdos Cereris 660:flaminica Dialis 651:flaminica Dialis 497:Oracle of Delphi 486:Heraion of Argos 97:) on grounds of 11444: 11443: 11439: 11438: 11437: 11435: 11434: 11433: 11409: 11408: 11399:Zagano, Phyllis 11381:Zagano, Phyllis 11298:Weaver, Mary Jo 11281:Tisdale, Sallie 11090: 11030: 11028:Further reading 11025: 11015: 11013: 11000: 10999: 10995: 10986: 10984: 10975: 10974: 10970: 10961: 10959: 10950: 10949: 10942: 10933: 10931: 10924: 10908: 10904: 10895: 10893: 10886: 10870: 10866: 10857: 10855: 10848: 10840:. p. 335. 10832: 10828: 10819: 10817: 10808: 10807: 10803: 10794: 10792: 10783: 10782: 10778: 10769: 10767: 10758: 10757: 10753: 10744: 10742: 10733: 10732: 10725: 10716: 10714: 10705: 10704: 10700: 10691: 10689: 10680: 10679: 10675: 10666: 10664: 10655: 10654: 10650: 10641: 10639: 10630: 10629: 10625: 10608: 10604: 10597: 10579: 10575: 10566: 10564: 10560: 10553: 10549: 10548: 10544: 10535: 10533: 10524: 10523: 10519: 10510: 10508: 10493: 10489: 10480: 10478: 10469: 10468: 10464: 10455: 10453: 10444: 10443: 10439: 10430: 10428: 10411: 10407: 10398: 10396: 10387: 10386: 10379: 10370: 10368: 10359: 10358: 10354: 10345: 10343: 10334: 10333: 10329: 10319: 10317: 10302: 10298: 10289: 10287: 10274: 10273: 10269: 10260: 10258: 10245: 10244: 10240: 10231: 10229: 10220: 10219: 10215: 10205: 10203: 10194: 10193: 10189: 10179: 10177: 10168: 10167: 10163: 10153: 10151: 10150:on June 7, 2011 10136: 10132: 10122: 10120: 10105: 10101: 10092: 10090: 10082: 10081: 10077: 10067: 10065: 10056: 10055: 10051: 10041: 10039: 10030: 10029: 10025: 10015: 10013: 10004: 10003: 9999: 9989: 9987: 9982:. The Forward. 9976: 9972: 9962: 9960: 9951: 9950: 9946: 9937: 9935: 9926: 9925: 9921: 9912: 9910: 9901: 9900: 9896: 9887: 9885: 9878:"Lynn Gottlieb" 9876: 9875: 9871: 9862: 9860: 9851: 9850: 9846: 9837: 9835: 9826: 9825: 9821: 9812: 9810: 9801: 9800: 9796: 9791: 9787: 9783:. p. 323. SAGE. 9778: 9774: 9761: 9757: 9753:. p. 323. 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July 24, 2013 6423: 6419: 6418: 6414: 6405: 6403: 6390: 6389: 6385: 6376: 6374: 6366: 6365: 6361: 6356:1 Timothy 3:1–7 6354: 6350: 6343: 6339: 6332: 6328: 6318: 6316: 6308: 6307: 6303: 6293: 6291: 6280: 6276: 6265: 6261: 6256: 6252: 6245: 6219: 6215: 6208: 6192: 6188: 6179: 6177: 6169: 6168: 6164: 6155: 6153: 6138: 6134: 6127: 6123: 6110: 6108: 6098: 6094: 6087: 6073: 6069: 6060: 6058: 6052:"Who is Junia?" 6050: 6049: 6045: 6036: 6034: 6026: 6025: 6021: 6012: 6008: 5993: 5989: 5980: 5978: 5974: 5967: 5963: 5962: 5955: 5949:Wayback Machine 5940: 5936: 5927: 5925: 5914: 5910: 5901: 5899: 5892:Huffington Post 5884: 5880: 5871: 5869: 5860: 5859: 5855: 5846: 5844: 5837:"Khenmo Drolma" 5835: 5834: 5830: 5821: 5819: 5810: 5809: 5802: 5793: 5791: 5782: 5781: 5777: 5767: 5765: 5758: 5742: 5738: 5729: 5727: 5718: 5717: 5713: 5707:Wayback Machine 5698: 5694: 5685: 5683: 5674: 5673: 5669: 5660: 5658: 5649: 5648: 5644: 5635: 5633: 5624: 5623: 5619: 5609: 5607: 5596: 5592: 5583: 5581: 5572: 5571: 5567: 5558: 5556: 5554: 5538: 5534: 5525: 5523: 5512: 5508: 5499: 5497: 5488: 5487: 5483: 5474: 5472: 5461: 5457: 5448: 5446: 5439: 5423: 5419: 5410: 5408: 5399: 5398: 5394: 5385: 5383: 5374: 5373: 5369: 5360: 5358: 5349: 5348: 5344: 5335: 5333: 5320: 5319: 5315: 5305: 5303: 5294: 5293: 5289: 5282: 5268: 5264: 5255: 5253: 5244: 5243: 5239: 5230: 5228: 5219: 5218: 5214: 5205: 5203: 5194: 5193: 5186: 5177: 5175: 5173: 5157: 5153: 5141: 5137: 5128: 5124: 5115: 5113: 5104: 5103: 5099: 5090: 5088: 5075: 5074: 5070: 5058: 5054: 5044: 5042: 5040: 5021: 5017: 5008: 5006: 4999: 4983: 4979: 4943: 4939: 4929: 4927: 4925: 4909: 4905: 4876: 4872: 4863: 4861: 4854: 4838: 4834: 4825: 4823: 4816: 4798: 4791: 4782: 4780: 4778: 4756: 4741: 4732: 4730: 4728: 4706: 4702: 4693: 4691: 4689: 4667: 4663: 4654: 4652: 4645: 4629: 4625: 4616: 4614: 4607: 4591: 4587: 4578: 4576: 4569: 4553: 4549: 4510: 4506: 4469: 4465: 4441: 4437: 4428: 4426: 4413: 4412: 4408: 4403:Wayback Machine 4377: 4373: 4364: 4362: 4355: 4339: 4335: 4326: 4324: 4309: 4305: 4290:Wayback Machine 4279: 4275: 4266: 4264: 4251: 4250: 4246: 4239: 4223: 4216: 4193:10.2307/1387691 4173: 4166: 4159: 4141: 4127: 4120: 4113: 4099: 4090: 4081: 4079: 4069: 4062: 4047: 4043: 4034: 4032: 4023: 4022: 4015: 4006: 4004: 3995: 3994: 3990: 3986: 3981: 3972: 3968: 3945: 3941: 3928: 3924: 3911: 3907: 3903: 3835:Mormon feminism 3815:Jewish feminism 3781: 3766: 3693: 3681: 3654: 3652:Women in Taoism 3648: 3611: 3523: 3511: 3407:Agudath Yisrael 3310:Asenath Barzani 3290: 3276: 3270: 3223:In April 2005, 3186:Women's mosques 3174:(791–878), and 3120: 3112:Main articles: 3110: 3091:Sri Ramakrishna 3084: 3068: 3051: 3020: 3008:Becky L. Savage 2991: 2986: 2980: 2937:. In 1941, the 2920: 2907:. According to 2888: 2840: 2820: 2784: 2763: 2748: 2732:local preachers 2658: 2652: 2531:Emily C. Hewitt 2507:Daniel Corrigan 2471: 2465: 2436: 2430: 2421: 2378:First World War 2318: 2312: 2282: 2276: 2223: 2202: 2125: 2093: 2070:excommunication 2043:(1024) and the 2018: 2012: 1990:(considered an 1921: 1918: 1883:Pope Gelasius I 1871: 1864: 1772: 1743: 1742: 1737: 1723:Catherine Booth 1702: 1682: 1626: 1618: 1617: 1612: 1593:Paige Patterson 1533:Complementarian 1527: 1523:William J. Webb 1462: 1443:Anne Eggebroten 1426: 1418: 1417: 1389: 1386: 1375:Complementarian 1349: 1346: 1328: 1320: 1319: 1290: 1282: 1281: 1257: 1247: 1246: 1222: 1221:Other positions 1214: 1213: 1199: 1198:Major positions 1191: 1190: 1116: 1082: 1030:Merle Kodo Boyd 914: 908: 874:identified with 811:sacerdos maxima 775:(priest), from 747:Sacerdos Liberi 656:regina sacrorum 639:regina sacrorum 625:Temple of Vesta 564:The Latin word 550: 544: 390: 244: 118: 112: 110:Sumer and Akkad 107: 17: 12: 11: 5: 11442: 11432: 11431: 11426: 11421: 11407: 11406: 11396: 11378: 11363:Winter, Miriam 11360: 11339: 11313: 11295: 11278: 11268: 11250: 11235:Nadell, Pamela 11232: 11214: 11197:(Editor), and 11188: 11166: 11147:Madigan, Kevin 11144: 11126: 11104: 11094: 11088: 11073: 11056: 11046: 11029: 11026: 11024: 11023: 10993: 10968: 10940: 10923:978-0773511446 10922: 10902: 10885:978-1576076453 10884: 10864: 10847:978-1412936361 10846: 10826: 10801: 10776: 10751: 10723: 10698: 10673: 10648: 10623: 10619:978-0295975009 10602: 10595: 10573: 10556:. 2015-09-18. 10542: 10517: 10487: 10462: 10437: 10405: 10377: 10352: 10327: 10296: 10267: 10238: 10213: 10187: 10161: 10130: 10099: 10075: 10049: 10023: 9997: 9970: 9944: 9919: 9894: 9869: 9844: 9819: 9794: 9785: 9772: 9755: 9742: 9714: 9688: 9658: 9618: 9600: 9582: 9554: 9523: 9486: 9458: 9433: 9407: 9377: 9348: 9341: 9323: 9314: 9300: 9250: 9221: 9193: 9165: 9096: 9089: 9056: 9049: 9016: 8986: 8955: 8942: 8923: 8898: 8873: 8869:The Watchtower 8860: 8856:The Watchtower 8847: 8829: 8825:The Watchtower 8816: 8803: 8796: 8776: 8768:The Watchtower 8759: 8733: 8703: 8687: 8668: 8649: 8624: 8595: 8570: 8541: 8516: 8491: 8476: 8461: 8443: 8425: 8396: 8375: 8350: 8318: 8311: 8288: 8272: 8259: 8243: 8230: 8217: 8202: 8182: 8175: 8157: 8136: 8097: 8060: 8031:Gonlag, Mari. 8023: 7993: 7963: 7938: 7913: 7891: 7859: 7856:on 2015-07-24. 7837: 7818: 7793: 7765: 7740: 7715: 7690: 7668: 7649: 7612: 7579: 7554: 7529: 7494: 7469: 7456: 7431: 7416: 7398: 7378: 7360: 7337: 7326: 7303: 7290: 7259: 7233: 7220: 7197: 7184: 7160: 7131: 7106: 7103:978-0192121981 7095:The Third Adam 7086: 7072:. 2008-05-29. 7057: 7050: 7028: 7003: 6977: 6952: 6927: 6902: 6877: 6859: 6845:. Vatican.va. 6834: 6809: 6779: 6754: 6741: 6725: 6711:. Vatican.va. 6700: 6686:. Vatican.va. 6675: 6668: 6650: 6643: 6625: 6618: 6600: 6593: 6576: 6565: 6558: 6537: 6530: 6509: 6502: 6478: 6454: 6441: 6412: 6383: 6359: 6348: 6337: 6334:Ephesians 5:23 6326: 6301: 6274: 6259: 6250: 6243: 6213: 6206: 6186: 6162: 6132: 6121: 6100:David, Ariel. 6092: 6085: 6067: 6043: 6019: 6006: 5987: 5953: 5934: 5908: 5878: 5853: 5828: 5800: 5775: 5756: 5736: 5711: 5692: 5667: 5642: 5617: 5590: 5565: 5552: 5546:. SUNY Press. 5532: 5506: 5481: 5455: 5437: 5417: 5392: 5367: 5342: 5313: 5287: 5281:978-0985565107 5280: 5262: 5237: 5212: 5184: 5171: 5151: 5135: 5122: 5097: 5068: 5052: 5038: 5015: 4997: 4977: 4969:, has given a 4937: 4923: 4903: 4870: 4852: 4832: 4814: 4789: 4776: 4739: 4726: 4700: 4687: 4661: 4643: 4623: 4605: 4585: 4567: 4547: 4504: 4463: 4435: 4406: 4371: 4353: 4333: 4303: 4273: 4244: 4237: 4214: 4187:(4): 574–584. 4164: 4157: 4139: 4118: 4111: 4088: 4060: 4041: 4013: 3987: 3985: 3982: 3980: 3979: 3966: 3939: 3922: 3904: 3902: 3899: 3898: 3897: 3892: 3887: 3882: 3877: 3875:Women as imams 3872: 3867: 3862: 3857: 3852: 3847: 3842: 3837: 3832: 3827: 3822: 3817: 3812: 3807: 3802: 3797: 3792: 3787: 3780: 3777: 3765: 3764:Zoroastrianism 3762: 3740:when male and 3692: 3689: 3680: 3677: 3650:Main article: 3647: 3644: 3610: 3607: 3590:, daughter of 3522: 3519: 3510: 3507: 3444:Open Orthodoxy 3389:In June 2009, 3364:Jewish Renewal 3348:Reform Judaism 3344:Sally Priesand 3272:Main article: 3269: 3266: 3250:United Kingdom 3118:Women in Islam 3114:Women as imams 3109: 3106: 3083: 3080: 3067: 3064: 3050: 3047: 3035:Relief Society 3019: 3016: 3004:Linda L. Booth 2990: 2987: 2979: 2976: 2919: 2916: 2887: 2884: 2849:Ellen G. White 2839: 2836: 2819: 2816: 2783: 2780: 2747: 2744: 2654:Main article: 2651: 2648: 2637:Lord Spiritual 2629:Sarah Mullally 2625:Rachel Treweek 2567:Barbara Harris 2535:Carter Heyward 2467:Main article: 2464: 2461: 2432:Main article: 2429: 2426: 2420: 2417: 2407:, head of the 2355:Salvation Army 2310: 2286:Mary Magdalene 2278:Main article: 2275: 2272: 2216:Kallistos Ware 2201: 2198: 2124: 2121: 2113:Czechoslovakia 2092: 2089: 2014:Main article: 2011: 2010:Roman Catholic 2008: 1926:social justice 1916: 1862: 1774: 1773: 1771: 1770: 1763: 1756: 1748: 1745: 1744: 1739: 1738: 1736: 1735: 1730: 1725: 1720: 1714: 1711: 1710: 1704: 1703: 1701: 1700: 1694: 1691: 1690: 1684: 1683: 1681: 1680: 1678:Phyllis Zagano 1675: 1670: 1665: 1660: 1655: 1650: 1645: 1639: 1636: 1635: 1633:Roman Catholic 1627: 1624: 1623: 1620: 1619: 1614: 1613: 1611: 1610: 1605: 1603:Vern Poythress 1600: 1595: 1590: 1585: 1583:Jennifer Morse 1580: 1575: 1570: 1565: 1560: 1555: 1550: 1548:John MacArthur 1545: 1539: 1536: 1535: 1529: 1528: 1526: 1525: 1520: 1515: 1510: 1505: 1500: 1495: 1490: 1485: 1480: 1474: 1471: 1470: 1464: 1463: 1461: 1460: 1455: 1450: 1445: 1439: 1436: 1435: 1427: 1424: 1423: 1420: 1419: 1414: 1413: 1412: 1411: 1400: 1399: 1393: 1392: 1391: 1390: 1383: 1378: 1377: 1371: 1370: 1369: 1368: 1360: 1359: 1353: 1352: 1351: 1350: 1347:Women's Caucus 1343: 1338: 1337: 1329: 1326: 1325: 1322: 1321: 1318: 1317: 1312: 1307: 1302: 1297: 1291: 1288: 1287: 1284: 1283: 1280: 1279: 1264: 1258: 1253: 1252: 1249: 1248: 1245: 1244: 1239: 1234: 1229: 1223: 1220: 1219: 1216: 1215: 1212: 1211: 1206: 1200: 1197: 1196: 1193: 1192: 1189: 1188: 1183: 1178: 1173: 1168: 1163: 1158: 1153: 1148: 1143: 1138: 1133: 1128: 1126:1 Timothy 2:12 1123: 1117: 1114: 1113: 1110: 1109: 1098: 1097: 1093: 1092: 1081: 1078: 910:Main article: 907: 904: 680:nundinal cycle 580:Vestal Virgins 543: 540: 521:Phrygian Sibyl 517:ancient Greece 484:served at the 437:Hierophantides 400:, 140–130 BCE) 389: 388:Ancient Greece 386: 385: 384: 374: 369: 359: 354: 349: 344: 339: 334: 329: 324: 243: 240: 239: 238: 208: 189: 181: 165: 155: 111: 108: 106: 103: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 11441: 11430: 11427: 11425: 11422: 11420: 11417: 11416: 11414: 11404: 11400: 11397: 11394: 11390: 11386: 11382: 11379: 11376: 11372: 11368: 11364: 11361: 11359: 11355: 11354:0-8245-2393-8 11351: 11347: 11343: 11340: 11337: 11336:0-8264-1339-0 11333: 11329: 11328:0-232-52420-3 11325: 11321: 11317: 11314: 11311: 11310:0-253-20993-5 11307: 11303: 11299: 11296: 11294: 11290: 11286: 11282: 11279: 11276: 11272: 11269: 11266: 11265:0-19-512486-3 11262: 11258: 11254: 11251: 11248: 11247:0-8070-3649-8 11244: 11240: 11236: 11233: 11230: 11229:0-8132-1417-3 11226: 11222: 11218: 11215: 11212: 11208: 11204: 11200: 11196: 11192: 11189: 11186: 11182: 11181:0-89870-114-7 11178: 11174: 11170: 11167: 11164: 11163:0-8018-7932-9 11160: 11156: 11152: 11151:Carolyn Osiek 11148: 11145: 11142: 11141:0-88946-549-5 11138: 11134: 11130: 11129:LaPorte, Jean 11127: 11124: 11120: 11119:0-8146-0899-X 11116: 11112: 11108: 11107:Gryson, Roger 11105: 11102: 11098: 11097:Grudem, Wayne 11095: 11091: 11085: 11081: 11080: 11074: 11071: 11070:0-8146-5950-0 11067: 11063: 11060: 11059:Elsen, Ute E. 11057: 11054: 11050: 11049:Davies, J. G. 11047: 11044: 11043:0-943616-71-9 11040: 11036: 11032: 11031: 11011: 11007: 11006:ParsiNews.net 11003: 10997: 10982: 10978: 10972: 10957: 10953: 10947: 10945: 10929: 10925: 10919: 10915: 10914: 10906: 10891: 10887: 10881: 10877: 10876: 10868: 10853: 10849: 10843: 10839: 10838: 10830: 10816:on 2010-12-20 10815: 10811: 10805: 10791:on 2010-08-19 10790: 10786: 10780: 10766:on 2010-11-26 10765: 10761: 10755: 10740: 10736: 10730: 10728: 10713:on 2011-07-07 10712: 10708: 10702: 10687: 10683: 10677: 10662: 10658: 10652: 10637: 10633: 10627: 10620: 10616: 10612: 10606: 10598: 10596:0-19-512486-3 10592: 10587: 10586: 10577: 10559: 10552: 10546: 10532:on 2012-03-06 10531: 10527: 10521: 10506: 10502: 10498: 10491: 10477:on 2011-07-13 10476: 10472: 10466: 10452:on 2016-05-12 10451: 10447: 10441: 10426: 10422: 10421: 10416: 10409: 10394: 10390: 10384: 10382: 10366: 10362: 10356: 10341: 10337: 10331: 10315: 10311: 10307: 10300: 10285: 10281: 10277: 10271: 10256: 10252: 10248: 10242: 10227: 10223: 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9197: 9184:on 2013-10-16 9183: 9179: 9175: 9169: 9151: 9147: 9143: 9139: 9135: 9131: 9127: 9123: 9119: 9118: 9110: 9107:(Fall 1985). 9106: 9100: 9092: 9090:1-56085-014-0 9086: 9082: 9078: 9074: 9073:Hanks, Maxine 9070: 9066: 9060: 9052: 9050:1-56085-014-0 9046: 9042: 9038: 9034: 9033:Hanks, Maxine 9030: 9026: 9020: 9006:on 2013-01-20 9005: 9001: 8997: 8990: 8974: 8970: 8966: 8959: 8953:, 2012-05-07. 8952: 8946: 8938: 8934: 8927: 8921:, 1998-03-21. 8920: 8919: 8914: 8910: 8907: 8902: 8888:on 2007-11-22 8887: 8883: 8877: 8870: 8864: 8857: 8851: 8839: 8833: 8826: 8820: 8813: 8807: 8799: 8793: 8789: 8788: 8780: 8769: 8763: 8756: 8752: 8748: 8745: 8740: 8738: 8722: 8718: 8714: 8707: 8700: 8696: 8691: 8683: 8679: 8672: 8664: 8660: 8653: 8639:on 2013-10-29 8638: 8634: 8628: 8614:on 2013-10-13 8613: 8609: 8605: 8599: 8584: 8580: 8574: 8560:on 2014-06-30 8559: 8555: 8551: 8545: 8530: 8526: 8520: 8505: 8501: 8495: 8487: 8480: 8472: 8465: 8458:. 2012-04-23. 8457: 8453: 8447: 8440:. 2012-03-22. 8439: 8435: 8429: 8415:on 2022-05-25 8414: 8410: 8406: 8400: 8393:. 2011-10-11. 8392: 8385: 8379: 8364: 8360: 8354: 8339: 8335: 8331: 8325: 8323: 8314: 8308: 8304: 8303: 8295: 8293: 8285: 8279: 8277: 8269: 8263: 8256: 8250: 8248: 8240: 8234: 8227: 8221: 8213: 8206: 8198: 8191: 8189: 8187: 8178: 8176:0-06-250043-0 8172: 8168: 8161: 8153: 8149: 8143: 8141: 8121: 8117: 8110: 8104: 8102: 8082: 8079:. p. 2. 8078: 8071: 8064: 8045: 8041: 8034: 8027: 8011: 8007: 8003: 7997: 7981: 7977: 7973: 7967: 7953:on 2010-08-12 7952: 7948: 7942: 7927: 7923: 7917: 7910: 7906: 7903: 7898: 7896: 7880: 7876: 7875: 7870: 7863: 7855: 7851: 7850:The Big Story 7847: 7841: 7834: 7830: 7827: 7822: 7808:on 2011-11-23 7807: 7803: 7797: 7782: 7778: 7772: 7770: 7754: 7750: 7744: 7730: 7726: 7719: 7705:on 2008-10-20 7704: 7700: 7694: 7687: 7686: 7682: 7679: 7672: 7665: 7661: 7658: 7653: 7646: 7630: 7626: 7622: 7616: 7609: 7597: 7593: 7589: 7583: 7569:on 2012-03-25 7568: 7564: 7558: 7544:on 2010-11-29 7543: 7539: 7533: 7519:on 2020-08-06 7515: 7508: 7501: 7499: 7483: 7479: 7473: 7467:(Fount, 1975) 7466: 7460: 7453: 7452: 7447: 7443: 7440: 7435: 7427: 7420: 7405: 7401: 7399:9781426757969 7395: 7391: 7390: 7382: 7367: 7363: 7357: 7353: 7352: 7347: 7341: 7335: 7330: 7323: 7319: 7316: 7310: 7308: 7300: 7294: 7280:on 2008-05-29 7276: 7269: 7263: 7249:on 2006-06-18 7248: 7244: 7237: 7223: 7221:9781616430528 7217: 7213: 7212: 7209:Women Deacons 7208: 7201: 7187: 7185:9781444393835 7181: 7177: 7176: 7172: 7164: 7150:on 2016-04-14 7149: 7145: 7141: 7135: 7120: 7116: 7110: 7104: 7100: 7096: 7090: 7075: 7071: 7067: 7061: 7053: 7047: 7042: 7041: 7032: 7018:on 2010-08-25 7017: 7013: 7007: 6992: 6988: 6981: 6966: 6962: 6956: 6942:on 2010-11-12 6941: 6937: 6931: 6917:on 2011-05-19 6916: 6912: 6906: 6892: 6888: 6881: 6874: 6870: 6867: 6863: 6848: 6844: 6838: 6823: 6819: 6813: 6807: 6803: 6800: 6796: 6792: 6789: 6783: 6768: 6764: 6758: 6751: 6745: 6738: 6734: 6729: 6714: 6710: 6704: 6689: 6685: 6679: 6671: 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5790:on 2013-11-12 5789: 5785: 5779: 5763: 5759: 5753: 5749: 5748: 5740: 5725: 5721: 5715: 5708: 5704: 5701: 5696: 5682:on 2012-11-05 5681: 5677: 5671: 5657:on 2011-02-19 5656: 5652: 5646: 5631: 5627: 5621: 5605: 5601: 5594: 5579: 5575: 5569: 5555: 5553:9780791428443 5549: 5545: 5544: 5536: 5521: 5517: 5510: 5495: 5491: 5485: 5471:on 2011-05-21 5470: 5466: 5459: 5444: 5440: 5434: 5430: 5429: 5421: 5407:on 2010-01-31 5406: 5402: 5396: 5381: 5377: 5371: 5356: 5352: 5346: 5331: 5327: 5326:Sujato's Blog 5323: 5317: 5301: 5297: 5291: 5283: 5277: 5273: 5266: 5251: 5247: 5241: 5226: 5222: 5216: 5202:on 2011-01-14 5201: 5197: 5191: 5189: 5174: 5168: 5165:. Routledge. 5164: 5163: 5155: 5148: 5144: 5139: 5132: 5126: 5112:on 2010-11-17 5111: 5107: 5101: 5086: 5082: 5078: 5072: 5065: 5061: 5056: 5041: 5039:9781405129435 5035: 5031: 5030: 5025: 5019: 5004: 5000: 4994: 4990: 4989: 4981: 4974: 4973: 4968: 4964: 4960: 4956: 4952: 4948: 4947: 4941: 4926: 4920: 4916: 4915: 4907: 4900: 4896: 4892: 4888: 4884: 4880: 4874: 4859: 4855: 4849: 4845: 4844: 4836: 4821: 4817: 4811: 4807: 4803: 4796: 4794: 4779: 4773: 4769: 4764: 4763: 4754: 4752: 4750: 4748: 4746: 4744: 4729: 4723: 4719: 4714: 4713: 4704: 4690: 4684: 4680: 4675: 4674: 4665: 4650: 4646: 4640: 4637:. Routledge. 4636: 4635: 4627: 4612: 4608: 4602: 4598: 4597: 4589: 4574: 4570: 4564: 4560: 4559: 4551: 4543: 4539: 4535: 4531: 4527: 4523: 4519: 4515: 4508: 4501: 4497: 4493: 4489: 4485: 4481: 4477: 4473: 4467: 4460: 4456: 4452: 4450: 4444: 4439: 4424: 4420: 4416: 4410: 4404: 4400: 4397: 4393: 4392:0-485-93003-X 4389: 4385: 4381: 4375: 4360: 4356: 4350: 4346: 4345: 4337: 4323:on 2013-02-09 4322: 4318: 4314: 4307: 4300: 4296: 4293:, Macmillan, 4292: 4291: 4287: 4284: 4277: 4262: 4258: 4254: 4248: 4240: 4234: 4230: 4229: 4221: 4219: 4210: 4206: 4202: 4198: 4194: 4190: 4186: 4182: 4178: 4171: 4169: 4160: 4158:0-8245-2393-8 4154: 4150: 4145:as quoted in 4142: 4140:9780881411461 4136: 4132: 4125: 4123: 4114: 4112:9780801879326 4108: 4104: 4097: 4095: 4093: 4078: 4074: 4067: 4065: 4056: 4055:News Observer 4052: 4045: 4030: 4026: 4020: 4018: 4003:on 2011-07-06 4002: 3998: 3992: 3988: 3976: 3970: 3963: 3959: 3955: 3954: 3949: 3943: 3936: 3932: 3926: 3919: 3915: 3909: 3905: 3896: 3893: 3891: 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3385: 3381: 3377: 3376:Tamara Kolton 3374:in 1985; and 3373: 3369: 3365: 3361: 3360:Lynn Gottlieb 3357: 3353: 3349: 3345: 3341: 3336: 3334: 3330: 3327: 3323: 3319: 3315: 3311: 3303: 3299: 3294: 3289: 3285: 3281: 3275: 3265: 3263: 3262: 3256: 3253: 3251: 3246: 3244: 3240: 3235: 3232: 3228: 3226: 3221: 3218: 3213: 3209: 3207: 3203: 3202: 3196: 3194: 3189: 3187: 3183: 3181: 3177: 3173: 3169: 3165: 3161: 3157: 3153: 3149: 3145: 3141: 3137: 3133: 3129: 3125: 3119: 3115: 3105: 3103: 3098: 3094: 3092: 3087: 3079: 3077: 3073: 3063: 3061: 3056: 3046: 3044: 3040: 3036: 3032: 3028: 3024: 3015: 3013: 3009: 3005: 3000: 2996: 2985: 2975: 2973: 2972:head covering 2969: 2965: 2961: 2957: 2953: 2949: 2945: 2940: 2936: 2932: 2928: 2924: 2915: 2913: 2910: 2906: 2902: 2897: 2893: 2883: 2881: 2877: 2872: 2868: 2864: 2860: 2856: 2852: 2850: 2845: 2835: 2833: 2829: 2828:United States 2825: 2815: 2813: 2809: 2805: 2801: 2797: 2793: 2789: 2779: 2777: 2771: 2769: 2761: 2760:Valiant Sixty 2758:, one of the 2757: 2752: 2743: 2741: 2737: 2733: 2729: 2725: 2721: 2717: 2713: 2709: 2704: 2702: 2698: 2694: 2690: 2686: 2682: 2678: 2674: 2669: 2668:are diverse. 2667: 2663: 2657: 2647: 2645: 2640: 2638: 2634: 2630: 2626: 2622: 2618: 2613: 2611: 2608: 2605:, and in the 2604: 2600: 2596: 2592: 2588: 2584: 2580: 2576: 2575:United States 2572: 2568: 2563: 2561: 2556: 2551: 2544: 2540: 2536: 2532: 2528: 2524: 2520: 2516: 2512: 2508: 2503: 2501: 2497: 2493: 2488: 2485: 2483: 2478: 2476: 2470: 2460: 2458: 2454: 2450: 2446: 2441: 2435: 2425: 2416: 2412: 2410: 2406: 2401: 2399: 2395: 2391: 2387: 2383: 2379: 2375: 2370: 2366: 2364: 2360: 2356: 2347: 2342: 2338: 2336: 2332: 2331:Bible college 2328: 2324: 2316: 2309: 2304: 2302: 2298: 2294: 2289: 2287: 2281: 2271: 2260: 2257: 2245: 2233: 2232: 2219: 2217: 2213: 2209: 2207: 2197: 2195: 2191: 2187: 2182: 2178: 2174: 2170: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2150: 2146: 2142: 2134: 2129: 2120: 2118: 2117:Felix Davídek 2114: 2111: 2107: 2103: 2099: 2088: 2086: 2082: 2078: 2073: 2071: 2067: 2063: 2060:In 2007, the 2058: 2056: 2052: 2048: 2047: 2042: 2037: 2034: 2033: 2027: 2023: 2017: 2007: 2005: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1989: 1985: 1981: 1977: 1971: 1969: 1968: 1963: 1959: 1955: 1951: 1947: 1943: 1939: 1935: 1931: 1930:New Testament 1927: 1915: 1910: 1908: 1904: 1900: 1895: 1890: 1888: 1884: 1879: 1877: 1868: 1865:Romans 16:1, 1861: 1857: 1855: 1851: 1847: 1843: 1840: 1836: 1832: 1831:Kevin Madigan 1827: 1825: 1821: 1817: 1813: 1809: 1805: 1801: 1797: 1793: 1789: 1785: 1781: 1769: 1764: 1762: 1757: 1755: 1750: 1749: 1747: 1746: 1734: 1731: 1729: 1726: 1724: 1721: 1719: 1716: 1715: 1713: 1712: 1709: 1706: 1705: 1699: 1696: 1695: 1693: 1692: 1689: 1686: 1685: 1679: 1676: 1674: 1671: 1669: 1666: 1664: 1661: 1659: 1656: 1654: 1651: 1649: 1646: 1644: 1641: 1640: 1638: 1637: 1634: 1631: 1630: 1622: 1621: 1609: 1608:Owen Strachan 1606: 1604: 1601: 1599: 1596: 1594: 1591: 1589: 1586: 1584: 1581: 1579: 1576: 1574: 1573:Albert Mohler 1571: 1569: 1566: 1564: 1561: 1559: 1556: 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