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The crowd began to pelt the paraders with stones, bricks, bottles, and shoes. Militiamen responded with musket fire, which brought pistol fire from some in the crowd. The police managed to get the parade moving again by charging the crowd and liberally using their clubs. The parade progressed another
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The crush of the crowds prevented more forward motion, and police used their clubs and the militia used their bayonets. Rocks and crockery pelted down on them from the rooftops along the avenue. Troops started firing volleys into the crowd, without being ordered to do so, and the police followed up
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One of the reasons many in the upper and middle classes had grudingly acquiesced in
Tammany's hold on power was its presumed ability to maintain political stability. That saving grace was gone: Tweed could not keep the Irish in line. The time had come, said Congregationalist minister Merrill
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were viewed by the Irish-Catholic residents as a recurring reminder of past and current class oppression. Many of the Irish-Catholic protesters followed the parade and according to statements later made by police, the violence that would follow was premeditated. At the park, the crowd of 200
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The riot caused the deaths of over 60 civilians – mostly Ulster Scots
Protestant and Irish Catholic laborers – and three Guardsmen. Over 150 people were wounded, including 22 militiamen, around 20 policemen injured by thrown missiles, and 4 who were shot, but not fatally. Eighth Avenue was
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were full of people, mostly
Catholic, and mostly laborers, and both sides of the avenue were jammed. The police and militia arrived, to the disapproval of the crowd. The small contingent of Orangemen began their parade down the avenue at 2:00 pm, surrounded by regimental units.
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Despite their attempt to protect their political power by allowing the parade to go forward, Tammany Hall did not benefit from the outcome, instead coming under increased criticism from newspapers and the city's elite. Tweed fell from power shortly afterwards.
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describing the street as "smeared and slippery with human blood and brains while the land beneath was covered two inches deep with clotted gore, pieces of brain, and the half digested contents of a human stomach and intestines." About 100 people were arrested.
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Irish-Catholic protesters was joined by a group of 300 Irish-Catholic laborers working in the neighborhood, and the parade erupted into violence. Although the police intervened to quell the fighting, 8 people died as a result of the riot.
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On July 12, 1871, the parade proceeded with protection from 1,500 policemen and 5 regiments of the
National Guard, about 5,000 men. It was to begin at the Orangemen's headquarters at Lamartine Hall, located at Eighth Avenue and
316:. Not only was the ban felt to be giving in to the bad behavior of a Catholic mob, but fears were voiced about the growing political power of Irish Catholics, the increasing visibility of
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to reverse course and allow the march; Tammany needed to show that it could control the immigrant Irish population which formed a major part of its electoral power. Governor
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that "such a lesson was needed every few years. Had one thousand of the rioters been killed, it would have had the effect of completely cowing the remainder."
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The pressure generated by these concerns among the city's elite, on top of pressure from good-government reformers against Tweed's regime in general, caused
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Richardson from the pulpit of his fashionable
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requested police permission to march again. Fearing another violent incident, the parade was banned by City Police
Commissioner
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The
Republic for which it stands : the United States during Reconstruction and the Gilded Age, 1865-1896
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by Irish
Catholics in Brooklyn, and the events began to be referred to as the "Slaughter on Eighth Avenue."
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The
Republic for Which It Stands: The United States during Reconstruction and the Gilded Age, 1865–1896.
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The following day, on July 13, 20,000 mourners paid their respects to the dead outside the morgue at
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block but came under fire from thrown missiles again, once again provoking militia shots.
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The Orange Riots: Irish
Political Violence in New York City, 1870 and 1871
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252:. The Orangemen marching through the Irish-Catholic neighborhood of
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which controlled the city and the state. Catholic Archbishop
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List of incidents of civil unrest in Colonial North America
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Protestants objected, as did newspaper editorials in the
593:. New York, NY, United States of America. p. 200.
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List of incidents of civil unrest in the United States
432:by way of ferries. Governor Hoffman was hanged in
237:(a Catholic, who had been deposed by William III).
483:List of incidents of civil unrest in New York City
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233:(also Prince of Orange), over the former King
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1958:1885 attack on Squak Valley Chinese laborers
945:Westmoreland County coal strike of 1910–1911
424:, and funeral processions made their way to
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691:Gotham: A History of New York City to 1898
621:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
221:, 1870, a parade was held in Manhattan by
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2145:Riots and civil disorder in New York City
2079:Mass racial violence in the United States
1490:South Carolina civil disturbances of 1876
1047:Illinois Central shopmen's strike of 1911
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1772:Pacific Electric Railway strike of 1903
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412:devastated, with one reporter from the
35:The Orange Riot of 1871 as depicted in
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2044:Bituminous coal miners' strike of 1894
1885:1899 Coeur d'Alene labor confrontation
1688:Bituminous coal miners' strike of 1894
1656:Paint Creek–Cabin Creek strike of 1912
1196:Bituminous coal miners' strike of 1894
966:Bituminous coal miners' strike of 1894
651:Gilmore, Russell S. "Orange riots" in
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16:Riots that took place in New York City
1399:1895 New Orleans dockworkers massacre
1201:Indianapolis streetcar strike of 1913
760:
586:
505:
1807:Cripple Creek miners' strike of 1894
1750:Los Angeles Chinese massacre of 1871
629:
38:Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper
1777:1907 San Francisco streetcar strike
1316:1912 Forsyth County racial conflict
795:in the history of the United States
540:Burrows & Wallace, pp.1003-1008
13:
1293:Pensacola streetcar strike of 1908
1110:St. Louis streetcar strike of 1900
1087:Copper Country strike of 1913–1914
883:Pittsburgh railroad strike of 1877
645:
14:
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961:Baltimore railroad strike of 1877
738:
659:The Encyclopedia of New York City
2105:1871 crimes in the United States
2100:1870 crimes in the United States
2054:1914 Butte, Montana, labor riots
2049:Pacific Coast race riots of 1907
934:Pressed Steel Car strike of 1909
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551:"The Lost 1764 Apthorpe Mansion"
408:, where the paraders dispersed.
1874:1892 Coeur d'Alene labor strike
1435:Wilmington insurrection of 1898
1002:Chicago railroad strike of 1877
865:New York City Food Riot of 1917
364:. By 1:30 pm, the streets from
225:celebrating the victory at the
203:New York City Police Department
104:New York City Police Department
96:Ulster Scots Protestant rioters
1037:1905 Chicago teamsters' strike
929:Anthracite coal strike of 1902
860:1874 Tompkins Square Park riot
580:
569:
543:
306:businessmen, and a cartoon by
1:
1644:Battle of the Grapevine Creek
1633:Great Railroad Strike of 1877
1105:1877 St. Louis general strike
1042:Springfield race riot of 1908
825:1880 Garret Rock May Day riot
638:Burrows & Wallace, p.1008
392:The parade managed to get to
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207:New York State National Guard
108:New York State National Guard
1453:Enid–Pond Creek Railroad War
1359:New Orleans Massacre of 1866
971:1912 Lawrence textile strike
462:Banker Henry Smith told the
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150:200+ wounded and/or arrested
7:
939:Philadelphia general strike
471:
10:
2176:
1755:San Francisco riot of 1877
1683:Meridian race riot of 1871
1394:1891 New Orleans lynchings
1311:1906 Atlanta race massacre
1140:1909 Omaha anti-Greek riot
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2140:19th century in Manhattan
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1915:Battle of Lincoln (1878)
1849:Honolulu Courthouse riot
1788:Preparedness Day Bombing
1520:Memphis massacre of 1866
1465:McIntosh County Seat War
1158:Cincinnati riots of 1884
1115:St. Louis bullfight riot
576:"Eighth Avenue Songline"
498:
287:applauded the decision.
260:The following year, the
240:The parade route was up
189:who were members of the
1661:West Virginia coal wars
1604:Slocum Massacre of 1910
1382:Battle of Liberty Place
1268:Hartford coal mine riot
1058:East St. Louis massacre
894:Scranton general strike
696:Oxford University Press
587:White, Richard (2017).
302:, a petition signed by
1824:Colorado Coalfield War
1650:Tucker County Seat War
1586:Jaybird–Woodpecker War
1537:Battle of Depot Street
900:1877 Shamokin uprising
460:
389:with mounted charges.
381:
268:, with the support of
170:
115:Irish Catholic rioters
2125:1871 in New York City
2120:1870 in New York City
1998:Rock Springs massacre
1933:Hells Canyon Massacre
1760:Mussel Slough Tragedy
1744:Anti-Chinese violence
1580:San Elizario Salt War
1501:Phoenix election riot
1459:Brooks–McFarland feud
1169:May Day riots of 1894
664:Yale University Press
447:
379:
262:Loyal Order of Orange
164:
126:Casualties and losses
1968:Seattle riot of 1886
1615:Houston riot of 1917
1471:Green Corn Rebellion
1404:Robert Charles riots
1340:French–Eversole feud
753:at Wikimedia Commons
1963:Tacoma riot of 1885
1818:Colorado Labor Wars
1719:Pleasant Valley War
1638:Lincoln County feud
1592:Reese–Townsend feud
714:Gordon, Michael A.
654:Jackson, Kenneth T.
235:James II of England
227:Battle of the Boyne
165:An 1871 cartoon by
45:looking south down
2033:Fence Cutting Wars
2004:Johnson County War
1939:Sheepshooters' War
1909:Lincoln County War
1879:Deep Creek murders
1812:Colorado Range War
1782:Wheatland hop riot
1725:Bisbee Deportation
1598:Brownsville affair
1562:Sutton–Taylor feud
1388:Thibodaux massacre
1376:Coushatta massacre
1364:Opelousas massacre
1287:Barber–Mizell feud
1174:Akron riot of 1900
1019:Illinois coal wars
718:(Cornell UP, 2018)
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41:. The view is at
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2010:Spring Creek raid
1903:Colfax County War
1766:Castaic Range War
1696:
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1556:Early–Hasley feud
1262:Brooks–Baxter War
1209:
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1190:Bay View massacre
1082:1894 Detroit riot
1077:1891 Detroit riot
979:
978:
923:Lattimer massacre
911:Morewood massacre
749:Media related to
734:. ISBN 0199735816
682:Burrows, Edwin G.
600:978-0-19-973581-5
478:Drumcree conflict
422:Bellevue Hospital
318:Irish nationalism
281:political machine
223:Irish Protestants
201:, along with the
193:and hence called
187:Irish Protestants
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2160:William M. Tweed
2135:July 1871 events
2130:July 1870 events
2067:Related articles
1979:Everett massacre
1973:Bellingham riots
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1678:Greene–Jones War
1609:Boyce–Sneed feud
1574:Mason County War
1495:Hamburg massacre
1334:Rowan County War
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1134:Camp Dump strike
1025:Battle of Virden
1007:Haymarket affair
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266:James J. Kelso
254:Hell's Kitchen
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9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2172:
2161:
2158:
2156:
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2148:
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2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
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2128:
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2055:
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2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2027:Railroad Wars
2025:
2024:
2022:
2018:
2011:
2008:
2005:
2002:
1999:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1987:
1980:
1977:
1974:
1971:
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1966:
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1746:(1860s–1890s)
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1199:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1187:
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1175:
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1170:
1167:
1164:
1163:Reservoir war
1161:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1153:
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1147:
1141:
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1135:
1132:
1131:
1129:
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946:
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935:
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722:
721:
717:
713:
712:
707:
705:0-195-11634-8
701:
697:
693:
692:
687:
686:Wallace, Mike
683:
679:
675:
669:
665:
662:. New Haven:
661:
660:
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633:
624:
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409:
407:
403:
399:
395:
390:
386:
378:
374:
371:
367:
363:
352:
350:
346:
345:state militia
342:
338:
334:
329:
327:
323:
319:
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314:
309:
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301:
300:
295:
294:
288:
286:
282:
279:
275:
271:
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263:
258:
255:
251:
247:
243:
242:Eighth Avenue
238:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
210:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
183:New York City
180:
176:
168:
163:
146:
139:
134:
133:
129:
124:
116:
112:
109:
106:
105:
100:
97:
93:
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88:
83:
80:
77:
73:
69:
68:New York City
65:
61:
57:
53:
48:
47:Eighth Avenue
44:
40:
39:
32:
27:
22:
19:
2155:Tammany Hall
2150:Orange Order
1911:(1878; 1881)
1525:Pulaski riot
875:Pennsylvania
854:Orange Riots
853:
792:civil unrest
751:Orange riots
727:
715:
694:. New York:
689:
657:
589:
582:
571:
545:
463:
461:
455:
451:
448:
443:
419:
410:
406:Cooper Union
398:Fifth Avenue
391:
387:
383:
358:
347:, including
330:
311:
297:
291:
289:
274:Tammany Hall
259:
239:
216:
191:Orange Order
175:Orange Riots
174:
172:
102:
79:Sectarianism
36:
24:Orange Riots
18:
2040:(1870–1920)
2029:(1864–1912)
2006:(1889–1893)
1941:(1895–1906)
1905:(1873–1888)
1857:(1893–1894)
1826:(1913–1914)
1820:(1903–1904)
1768:(1890–1916)
1721:(1882–1892)
1663:(1912–1921)
1652:(1888–1893)
1640:(1878–1890)
1611:(1911–1912)
1594:(1898–1907)
1588:(1888–1889)
1582:(1877–1878)
1576:(1875–1876)
1564:(1868–1876)
1558:(1865–1869)
1533:(1891–1892)
1467:(1907–1909)
1461:(1896–1902)
1455:(1893–1894)
1410:Grabow riot
1342:(1887–1894)
1336:(1884–1887)
1245:(1892–1893)
1243:Mitcham War
1054:(1916–1921)
1021:(1898–1900)
856:(1870–1871)
402:14th Street
394:23rd Street
362:29th Street
341:city police
308:Thomas Nast
304:Wall Street
250:92nd Street
231:William III
195:"Orangemen"
167:Thomas Nast
43:25th Street
2115:1871 riots
2110:1870 riots
2094:Categories
2038:Sheep wars
1950:Washington
1895:New Mexico
1855:Black Week
1736:California
817:New Jersey
730:Stanford:
673:0300055366
213:Background
143:46 wounded
1512:Tennessee
1351:Louisiana
1031:Pana riot
808:Northeast
799:1865–1918
617:cite book
609:973921077
355:1871 riot
324:with the
179:Manhattan
148:33 killed
136:25 killed
75:Caused by
58:1870-1871
1799:Colorado
1445:Oklahoma
1326:Kentucky
1254:Arkansas
1126:Nebraska
1097:Missouri
1069:Michigan
994:Illinois
840:New York
726:(2017).
688:(1999).
472:See also
343:and the
313:Harper's
246:Elm Park
205:and the
141:3 killed
63:Location
1990:Wyoming
1711:Arizona
1303:Georgia
1279:Florida
1224:Alabama
985:Midwest
440:Effects
349:cavalry
333:Tammany
326:Commune
219:July 12
85:Parties
2020:Others
2012:(1909)
2000:(1885)
1981:(1916)
1975:(1907)
1935:(1887)
1925:Oregon
1881:(1896)
1851:(1874)
1841:Hawaii
1832:(1914)
1814:(1900)
1790:(1916)
1784:(1913)
1762:(1880)
1727:(1917)
1671:Others
1646:(1888)
1600:(1906)
1570:(1875)
1539:(1897)
1527:(1868)
1503:(1898)
1497:(1876)
1473:(1917)
1431:(1870)
1412:(1912)
1406:(1900)
1390:(1887)
1384:(1874)
1378:(1874)
1372:(1873)
1366:(1868)
1289:(1870)
1270:(1914)
1264:(1874)
1234:(1870)
1192:(1886)
1183:Others
1165:(1887)
1136:(1882)
1117:(1904)
1060:(1917)
1033:(1899)
1027:(1898)
1015:(1894)
1009:(1886)
954:Others
941:(1910)
925:(1897)
919:(1892)
913:(1891)
907:(1886)
896:(1877)
890:(1877)
850:(1870)
702:
670:
607:
597:
434:effigy
430:Queens
293:Herald
276:, the
197:, and
1866:Idaho
1548:Texas
1215:South
788:Riots
499:Notes
322:Paris
299:Times
1702:West
1150:Ohio
790:and
700:ISBN
684:and
668:ISBN
623:link
605:OCLC
595:ISBN
456:will
370:33rd
366:21st
296:and
173:The
55:Date
452:not
428:in
368:to
310:in
248:at
244:to
217:On
2096::
698:.
666:.
631:^
619:}}
615:{{
603:.
557:^
507:^
458:."
351:.
328:.
181:,
801:)
797:(
780:e
773:t
766:v
708:.
676:.
625:)
611:.
49:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
