Omaha Beach - Knowledge

2065:, artillery, and interlocking fields of machine gun fire. Where the naval bombardment set grass fires burning, as it had at Dog Red opposite the Les Moulins strongpoint, the smoke obscured the landing troops and prevented effective fire from being laid down by the defenders. Some sections of G/116 and F/116 were able to reach the shingle bank relatively unscathed, though the latter became disorganized after the loss of their officers. G/116 was able to retain some cohesion, but this was soon lost as they made their way westwards under fire along the shingle in an attempt to reach their assigned objectives. The scattering of the boats was most evident on the 16th RCT front, where parts of E/16, F/16 and E/116 had intermingled, making it difficult for sections to come together to improvise company assaults that might have reversed the situation caused by the mis-landings. Those scattered sections of E/116 landing at Easy Red were able to escape heavy casualties, although, having encountered a deep runnel after being landed on a sandbank, they were forced to discard most of their weapons to make the swim ashore. 2570: 2130:

handful of tanks from the first wave in sight. The smoke from the grass fires covering their advance up the beach, they gained the seawall with few casualties, and were in better shape than any unit on the 116th RCT front so far. Although the 1st Battalion was effectively disarmed of its heavy weapons when D/116 suffered a disastrous landing, the buildup at Dog White continued. C/116 was joined by the 5th Ranger Battalion almost in its entirety. The Ranger battalion commander, Col. Max Schneider, recognizing the situation at Dog Green on the run-in, ordered the assault craft to divert into Dog White. Like the C/116, the smoke covered their advance, although the 2nd Rangers were caught out on the right flank of the Ranger's landing. This was where the 116th RCT regimental command group, including the 29th Division assistant commander Brig. Gen.

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narrow channel through the beach obstacles, the ramps and mines there accounted for the loss 22 LCVPs, 2 LCI(L)s and 4 LCTs. Supported by tank and subsequent naval fire, the newly arrived troops took the surrender at 11:30 of the last strong-point defending the entrance to the E-1 draw. Although a usable exit was finally opened, congestion prevented an early exploitation inland. The three battalions of the 115th RCT, scheduled to land from 10:30 on Dog Red and Easy Green, came in together and on top of the 18th RCT landings at Easy Red. The confusion prevented the remaining two battalions of the 18th RCT from landing until 13:00, and delayed the move off the beach of all but 2/18, which had exited the beach further east before noon, until 14:00. Even then, this movement was hampered by mines and enemy positions still in action further up the draw.

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beach obstacles—work made more difficult by loss of equipment, and by infantry passing through or taking cover behind the obstacles they were trying to blow. They also suffered heavy casualties as enemy fire set off the explosives they were working with. Eight men of one team were dragging their pre-loaded rubber boat off the LCM when artillery hit; only one survived the resulting detonation of their supplies. Another team had just finished laying its explosives when the area was struck by mortar fire. The premature explosion of the charges killed or wounded 19 engineers, as well as some nearby infantry. Nevertheless, the engineers succeeded in clearing six gaps, one each at Dog White and Easy Green on the 116th RCT front, the other four at Easy Red on the 16th RCT front. They had suffered casualties of over 40 percent.

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penetrate the bluffs and by early afternoon, at several points along the beach, advances were being made. By mid-afternoon, the first draw had been taken (E-1), quickly followed by E-3. There was now a chance to land 21 BDS, and so at 5.00pm, 6 hours behind schedule, they were ordered in. However, while they should have landed at the E-1 draw, they were actually put ashore closer to the D-3 draw, which was still being viciously fought over. The tide was also low, and so the vehicles were dropped far out on the flat, sandy beach into low water. There were deep, hidden channels. The whole contents of one LCT drove off the ship and straight into a deep channel, never to be seen again.

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The survivors of the first wave were unable to provide effective covering fire, and in places the fresh landing troops suffered casualty rates as high as those of the first wave. Failure to clear paths through the beach obstacles also added to the difficulties of the second wave. In addition, the incoming tide was beginning to hide the remaining obstacles, causing high attrition among the landing craft before they had reached the shore. As in the initial landings, difficult navigation caused disruptive mislandings, scattering the infantry and separating vital headquarters elements from their units.

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the east. Before 09:00, small parties from F/116 and B/116 reached the crests just east of Dog White. The right flank of this penetration was covered by the survivors of the 2nd Rangers’ A and B companies, who had independently fought their way to the top between 08:00 and 08:30. They took WN-70 (already heavily damaged by naval shells), and joined the 5th Rangers for the move inland. By 09:00, more than 600 American troops, in groups ranging from company sized to just a few men, had reached the top of the bluff opposite Dog White and were advancing inland.

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casualties taken just in landing, the surviving assault troops could not clear the exits off the beach. This caused further problems and consequent delays for later landings. Small penetrations were eventually achieved by groups of survivors making improvised assaults, scaling the bluffs between the most well-defended points. By the end of the day, two small isolated footholds had been won, which were subsequently exploited against weaker defenses further inland, achieving the original D-Day objectives over the following days.

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of the bluffs. They were the only company in the first wave able to operate as a unit. All the other companies were, at best, disorganized, mostly leaderless and pinned down behind the shingle with no hope of carrying out their assault missions. At worst, they had ceased to exist as fighting units. Nearly all had landed at least a few hundred yards off target, and in an intricately planned operation where each section on each boat had been assigned a specific task, this was enough to throw the whole plan off.

2399: 2355:(MLR) meant that defenses further inland were significantly weaker, and based on small pockets of prepared positions smaller than company sized in strength. This tactic was enough to disrupt American advances inland, making it difficult even to reach the assembly areas, let alone achieve their D-Day objectives. As an example of the effectiveness of German defenses despite weakness in numbers, the 5th Ranger battalion was halted in its advance inland by a single machine gun position hidden in a hedgerow. One 2245: 1394: 375: 364: 353: 2369: 2035:

draw, Company B of the 743rd Tank Battalion lost all but one of its officers and half of its DD tanks. The other two companies landed to the left of B/743 without initial loss. On the 16th RCT front, the two DD tanks from the 741st Tank Battalion that had survived the swim ashore were joined by three others that were landed directly onto the beach because of their LCT's damaged ramp. The remaining tank company managed to land 14 of its 16 tanks (although three of these were quickly knocked out).

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the shingle, and here the battalion commander was able to organize 50 men for an improvised advance across the shingle. A further advance up the bluffs just east of Les Moulins was too weak to have any effect and was forced back down. To their left, mainly between the draws on the Easy Green/Easy Red boundary, the 116th RCT's support battalion landed without too much loss, although they did become scattered, and were too disorganized to play any immediate part in an assault on the bluffs.

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exercise. The source of this inaccurate information came from German prisoners of war from the 352nd Infantry Division captured on D-Day as reported by the 16th Infantry S-3 D-Day Action Report. In fact, Allied intelligence had already become aware of the relocation of the 352nd Infantry Division on June 4. This information was passed on to V Infantry Corps and 1st Infantry Division HQ through 1st Army, but at that late stage in the operations, no plans were changed.

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the shingle lay against a low sand embankment. Behind the sand embankment and sea wall was a level shelf of sand, narrow at either end and extending up to 200 m (220 yd) inland in the center, and behind that rose steep escarpments or bluffs 30–50 m (33–55 yd) high, which dominated the whole beach and were cut into by small wooded valleys or draws at five points along the beach, codenamed west to east D-1, D-3, E-1, E-3 and F-1.

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300 yards (270 m) of beach just ahead of the incoming tide. Within 15 minutes of landing at Dog Green on the western end of the beach, A/116 had been cut to pieces, the leaders among the 120 or so casualties, the survivors reduced to seeking cover at the water's edge or behind obstacles. The smaller Ranger company to their right had fared a little better, having made the shelter of the bluffs, but were also down to half strength.

1555:, three kilometers (1.9 miles) inland. East of Colleville, 'Coast Defense Sector 3' was the responsibility of the remainder of the 726th Grenadier Regiment. Two companies were deployed at the coast, one in the most easterly series of strongpoints, with artillery support provided by the third battalion of the 352nd Artillery Regiment. The area reserve, comprising the two battalions of the 915th Grenadier Regiment and known as ' 2390:

gradually being reduced, often by tanks. Scattered along the length of the beach, trapped between the sea and the impassable shingle embankment and with no operating radios amongst the commanders, tanks had to be controlled individually. This was perilous work. The commanding officer of the 111th Field Artillery, who had landed ahead of his unit, was killed as he tried to direct the fire of one tank. The command group of the

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first landings the Special Engineer Task Force was to land with the mission of clearing and marking lanes through the beach obstacles. This would allow the larger ships of the follow-up landings to get through safely at high tide. The landing of artillery support was scheduled to start at H+90 minutes while the main buildup of vehicles was to start at H+180 minutes. At H+195 minutes two further Regimental Combat Teams, the

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3rd; the letter ‘J’ was not used. (Individual companies will be referred to in this article by company and regiment, e.g. Company A of the 116th RCT will be 'A/116'). In addition, each battalion had a headquarters company of up to 180 men. The tank battalions consisted of three companies, A through C, each of 16 tanks, while the Ranger battalions were organized into six companies, A through F, of around 65 men per company.

2440:, southwest of Normandy, but these would not arrive quickly and would be subject to losses inflicted in transit by overwhelming Allied air superiority. The last reserve of the 352nd Division, an engineer battalion, was attached to the 916th Regiment in the evening. It was deployed to defend against the expected attempt to break out of the Colleville-St. Laurent beachhead established on the 16th RCT front. 2195:, a machine-gunner of the 352nd at WN62 was given the soubriquet "The Beast of Omaha": he claimed to have fired that day 400 rounds from two rifles and a staggering 13,500 rounds from his MG 42; an ammunition weight of over 560 kg. An NCO ferried ammunition from a nearby underground bunker. Low on ammunition, he even fired phosphorescent tracer rounds, which revealed his position. 2146:

finally made their traumatic landing on Fox Green, at 08:00. Two of their six boats were swamped on their detour to the east, and as they came in under fire, three of the four remaining boats were damaged by artillery or mines, and the fourth was hung up on an obstacle. A captain from this company found himself senior officer, and in charge of the badly out of shape 3rd Battalion.

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landed directly on the beach until fixed port facilities were captured. In the few days that the harbor was operational, 11,000 troops, 2,000 vehicles and 9,000 tons of equipment and supplies were brought ashore. Over the 100 days following D-Day more than 1,000,000 tons of supplies, 100,000 vehicles and 600,000 men were landed, and 93,000 casualties were evacuated, via Omaha.

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offshore. On the 16th RCT front, the landing boats passed struggling men in life preservers and on rafts, survivors of the DD tanks which had sunk in the rough sea. Navigation of the landing vehicles was made difficult by the smoke and mist obscuring the landmarks they were to use in guiding themselves in, while a strong current pushed them continually eastward.

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Percée, overlooking the whole beach from the western end, it seemed that the assault had been stopped at the beach. An officer there noted that troops were seeking cover behind obstacles, and counted ten tanks burning. Thus, as late as 13:35, the 352nd division was reporting that the assault had been hurled back into the sea.

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did make the shore found their effectiveness limited to their immediate vicinity. Except for a few surviving tanks and a heavy weapons squad here or there, the assault troops had only their personal weapons, which, having been dragged through surf and sand, invariably needed cleaning before they could be used.

2277:, turned westward along the top of the bluffs, engaging in a two-hour battle for WN-64. His small group of just four men had effectively neutralized this point by mid-morning, taking 21 prisoners—just in time to prevent them from attacking freshly landing troops. On the beach below, the 16th RCT commander, 2546:

fought on behind the American front line, and the whole beachhead remained under artillery fire. At 21:00 the landing of the 26th RCT completed the planned landing of infantry, but losses in equipment were high, including 26 artillery pieces, over 50 tanks, about 50 landing craft and 10 larger vessels.

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In the meantime, the original defender at Omaha, the 352nd Division, was being steadily reduced. By the morning of June 9 the division was reported as having been "...reduced to 'small groups'..." while the 726th Grenadier Regiment had "...practically disappeared." By June 11 the effectiveness of the

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The F-1 draw, initially considered too steep for use, was also eventually opened when engineers laid down a new road. In the absence of any real progress opening the D-3 and E-3 draws, landing schedules were revised to take advantage of this route, and a company of tanks from the 745th tank battalion

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lost three out of their group of five in their efforts. Additionally, the commander of the 743rd tank battalion became a casualty as he approached one of his tanks with orders. When naval gunfire was brought to bear against the strong-points defending the E-3 draw, a decision was made to try to force

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As the boats approached to within a few hundred yards of the shore, they came under increasingly intense fire from automatic weapons and artillery. The force only then discovered the ineffectiveness of the pre-landing bombardment. The bombers, facing overcast conditions, had been ordered to implement

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Official estimates put the casualties for A/116 as high as two thirds, but of the more than 200 strong company Neillands and De Normann report that the unit "...had 91 men killed and almost as many wounded. Less than 20 men got across the beach." Stephen Ambrose reports that the company "...had lost

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where troops of the 2nd battalion 915th Grenadiers had reinforced the headquarters troops of 2nd battalion 916th Grenadiers. Attempts by 3/26 and B/18 with support from the tanks of B/745 were held off and the town did not fall until the morning of June 8. The threat of an armored counterattack kept

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of the 116th RCT; five were swamped soon after disembarking from the LCT, four were lost as they circled in the rendezvous area while waiting to land, and one capsized as they turned for the beach. Two were destroyed by enemy fire as they approached the beach and the lone survivor managed to offload

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Survivors of C company 2nd Rangers in the first wave landed on Dog Green around 06:45; by 07:30, they had scaled the cliffs near Dog Green and the Vierville draw. They were joined later by a mis-landed section from B/116, and this group spent the better part of the day tying up and eventually taking

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By 07:35, the third battalion of the 726th Grenadier Regiment, defending Draw F-1 on Fox Green beach, was reporting that 100–200 American troops had penetrated the front, with troops inside the wire at WN-62 and WN-61 attacking the Germans from the rear. From the German vantage point at Pointe de la

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and trucks foundered in deep water; those that made it ashore soon became jammed up on the narrowing beach, making easy targets for the German defenders. Most of the radios were lost, making the task of organizing the scattered and dispirited troops even more difficult, and those command groups that

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On the 16th RCT front, at the eastern end of Easy Red, was another area between strongpoints. This allowed G/16 and the support battalion to escape complete destruction in their advance up the beach. Nevertheless, most of G/16's 63 casualties for the day came before they had reached the shingle. The

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Further east, the strongpoint defenses were effective. On the Dog Red/Easy Green boundary, the defenses around the Les Moulins strongpoint took a heavy toll on the remaining 2nd Battalion, with H/116 and headquarters elements struggling ashore there. The survivors joined the remnants of F/116 behind

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Because sea conditions were so rough, the decision was made for the 116th LCT to carry the DD tanks of the 743rd Tank Battalion all the way to the beach, after 27 of the initial 29 DD tanks of the 741st Tank Battalion were swamped while wading to shore. Coming in opposite the well-defended Vierville

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to miss their targets throughout the day. The defenses were unexpectedly strong, and inflicted substantial casualties on landing U.S. troops. Under intense fire, the engineers struggled to clear the beach obstacles; later landings bunched up around the few channels that were cleared. Weakened by the

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The 26th Infantry Regiment's three battalions, having been attached to the 16th, 18th and 115th Regiments the previous day, spent June 8 reassembling before pushing eastwards, forcing the 1st battalion of the German 726th Grenadiers to spend the night extricating itself from the pocket thus forming

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Only 100 of the 2,400 tons of supplies scheduled to be landed on D-Day were landed. An accurate figure for casualties incurred by V Corps at Omaha on 6 June is not known; sources vary between 5,000 and over 6,000 killed, wounded, and missing, with the heaviest losses incurred by the infantry, tanks

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One tragic error that the RAF committed was to send these men into conflict in their RAF blue battle dress, treated with “anti gas” material - once this uniform got wet, it became more grey than blue and became far too similar to the German grey uniform. It was reported that, on many occasions, the

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Several of the British officers managed to organize themselves and some of the Americans to utilize an abandoned bulldozer to break through the shingle and effect their escape. Their plan was successful, and the remaining, unscathed vehicles were driven a few hundred yards to the comparative safety

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As the United States did not have their own radar available by D-Day, it was agreed that a British Mobile Ground Controlled Interception Radar Units, (GCI 15082), would be lent to the US. The British mobile radars, being able to detect the range, bearing and height of potential enemy aircraft, were

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attempted to outflank the position, only to run into another machine gun position to the left of the first. A second platoon dispatched to take this new position ran into a third, and attempts to deal with this met with fire from a fourth position. The success of the MLR in blocking the movement of

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Between 07:30 and 08:30 elements of G/16, E/16, and E/116 came together and climbed the bluffs at Easy Red, between WN-64 (defending the E-1 draw) and WN-62 (the E-3 draw). At 09:05, German observers reported that WN-61 was lost, and that one machine gun was still firing from WN-62. 150 men, mostly

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The key geographical features that had influenced the landings also influenced the next phase of the battle: the draws, the natural exits off the beaches, were the main targets in the initial assault plan. The strongly concentrated defenses around these draws meant that the troops landing near them

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The survivors at the shingle, many facing combat for the first time, found themselves relatively well-protected from small arms fire, but still exposed to artillery and mortars. In front of them lay heavily mined flats exposed to active fire from the bluffs above. Morale naturally became a problem.

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Like the infantry, the engineers had been pushed off their targets, and only five of the 16 teams arrived at their assigned locations. Three teams came in where there were no infantry or armor to cover them. Working under intense fire, the engineers set about their task of clearing gaps through the

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L/16 eventually landed, 30 minutes late, to the left of Fox Green, taking casualties as the boats ran in and more as they crossed the 200 yards (180 m) of beach. The terrain at the very eastern end of Omaha gave them enough protection to allow the 125 survivors to organize and begin an assault

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Casualties were most severe among the troops landing at either end of Omaha. In the east at Fox Green and the adjacent stretch of Easy Red, scattered elements of three companies were reduced to half strength by the time they gained the relative safety of the shingle, many of them having crawled the

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As infantry disembarked from the landing craft, they often found themselves on sandbars 50 to 100 yards (50 to 90 m) out. To reach the beach they had to wade through water sometimes neck deep, and they still had 200 yards (180 m) or more to go when they did reach shore. Those that made it

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The objective was for the beach defenses to be cleared by H+2 hours, whereupon the assault sections were to reorganize, continuing the battle in battalion formations. The draws were to be opened to allow traffic to exit the beach by H+3 hours. By the end of the day, the forces at Omaha were to have

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Following the penetrations inland, confused hard-fought individual actions pushed the foothold out two and a half kilometers (1.6 miles) deep in the Colleville area to the east, less than that west of St. Laurent, and an isolated penetration in the Vierville area. Pockets of enemy resistance still

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The plan had been for 21 BDS to land at Easy Red Beach at around 11.30 am when the tide would be in and to drive ashore. However, at the appointed hour for 21 BDS to land, the beach had not been taken, so they were ordered to circle offshore until the situation improved. Slowly, US Forces began to

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By early afternoon, the strong-point guarding the D-1 draw at Vierville was silenced by the navy. But without enough force on the ground to mop up the remaining defenders, the exit could not be opened. Traffic was eventually able to use this route by nightfall, and the surviving tanks of the 743rd

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steaming in towards shore, thought she had been badly hit and was being beached. Instead, she turned parallel to the beach and cruised westwards, guns blazing at targets of opportunity. Thinking she would turn back out to sea, the engineer soon saw that she had instead begun backing up, guns still

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and wire cutters. Twenty minutes later, the 5th Rangers joined the advance, and blew more openings. The command party established themselves at the top of the bluff, and elements of G/116 and H/116 joined them, having earlier moved laterally along the beach, and now the narrow front had widened to

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With the initial targets unaccomplished, the second and larger wave of assault landings brought in reinforcements, support weapons and headquarters elements at 07:00 to face nearly the same difficulties as had the first. The second wave was larger, and so the defenders' fire was less concentrated.

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Later analysis of naval support during the pre-landing phase concluded that the navy had provided inadequate bombardment, given the size and extent of the planned assault. Kenneth P. Lord, a U.S. Army planner for the D-Day invasion, says that, upon hearing the naval gunfire support plan for Omaha,

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The Support Group operated a mixture of gun, rocket, flak, tank, and smoke landing craft, totaling 67 vessels. The Minesweeper Group comprised four flotillas, the 4th comprising nine Royal Navy minesweepers; the 31st comprising nine minesweepers of the Royal Canadian Navy; the 104th comprising ten

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were organized into three battalions each of around 1,000 men. Each battalion was organized as three rifle companies each of up to 240 men, and a support company of up to 190 men. Infantry companies A through D belonged to the 1st battalion of a regiment, E through H to the 2nd, I through M to the

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The failure to identify the reorganization of the defenses was a rare intelligence breakdown for the Allies. Post-action reports still documented the original estimate and assumed that the 352nd had been deployed to the coastal defenses by chance, a few days previously, as part of an anti-invasion

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strategy to concentrate defenses at the water's edge, the 352nd had been ordered forward in March, taking over responsibility for the defense of the portion of the Normandy coast in which Omaha was located. As part of this reorganization, the 352nd also took under its command two battalions of the

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2.5 m (8 ft) high and up to 15 m (49 ft) wide in places. At the western end, the shingle bank rested against a stone (further east becoming wood) sea wall which ranged from 1.5–4 m (5–13 ft) in height. For the remaining two thirds of the beach after the seawall ended,

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Along with many detachments of the US 5th Army, they had suffered shocking losses, and had endured a frightening ordeal. Despite losing most of their equipment, they were able to re-group on 7 June and salvage some vehicles from the beach, though still under sniper fire. By the 8th June, they had

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Approaches to the exits were also cleared, with minefields lifted and holes blown in the embankment to permit the passage of vehicles. As the tide receded, engineers were also able to resume their work of clearing the beach obstacles, and by the end of the evening, 13 gaps were opened and marked.

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The official record of Omaha reports that "...the tanks were leading a hard life...". According to the commander of the 2nd battalion 116th RCT the tanks "...saved the day. They shot the hell out of the Germans, and got the hell shot out of them." As the morning progressed the beach defenses were

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Despite penetrations inland, the key beach objectives had not been achieved. The draws necessary for the movement of vehicles off the beach had not been opened, and the strongpoints defending these were still putting up a spirited resistance. The failure to clear beach obstacles forced subsequent

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The 3rd battalion 116th RCT forced its way across the flats and up the bluff between WN-66 (which defended the D-3 draw at Les Moulins), and WN-65 (defending the E-1 draw). They advanced in small groups, supported by the heavy weapons of M/116, who were held at the base of the bluff. Progress was

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On the easternmost beach, Fox Green, elements of five different companies had become entangled, and the situation was little improved by the equally disorganized landings of the second wave. Two more companies of the 3rd Battalion joined the melee, and, having drifted east in the first wave, I/16

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docking and unloading 78 vehicles in 38 minutes. Three days later the worst storm to hit Normandy in 40 years began to blow, raging for three days and not abating until the night of June 22. The harbor was so badly damaged that the decision was taken not to repair it; supplies being subsequently

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Other vehicles became stuck in deep sand and mud and became drowned out by the advancing tide. Those that made it to the edge of the shingle found themselves trapped with no exit off the beach. They became sitting targets for the German mortar and artillery shells that picked them off, one after

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As a result, a small force of about 160 Royal Air Force technical personnel, together with their attached supporting signals and other units, were scheduled to land on Omaha beach in Normandy at high tide on D-Day (about 11:00hrs), immediately after the first waves of American assault troops had

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Observing the build-up of shipping off the beach, and in an attempt to contain what were regarded as minor penetrations at Omaha, a battalion was detached from the 915th Regiment being deployed against the British to the east. Along with an anti-tank company, this force was attached to the 916th

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Reinforcement regiments were due to land by battalion, beginning with the 18th RCT at 09:30 on Easy Red. The first battalion to land, 2/18, arrived at the E-1 draw 30 minutes late after a difficult passage through the congestion offshore. Casualties were light, though. Despite the existence of a

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To the left of Dog Green sat Dog White, between the Vierville and Les Moulins strongpoints (defending draws D-1 and D-3); and here was a different story. As a result of earlier mis-landings, and now because of their own mis-landing, the troops of C/116 found themselves alone at Dog White, with a

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of the beach defenses, with the DD tanks arriving five minutes before H-Hour. The infantry were organized into specially equipped assault sections, 32 men strong, one section to a landing craft, with each section assigned specific objectives in reducing the beach defenses. Immediately behind the

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and Sergeant Bruce Ogden-Smith showed him a sample of sand from the beach. They had swum ashore in Normandy from midget submarines over thirty times, to obtain sand samples to see whether the beaches would support tanks. Scott-Bowden said to him "Sir, I hope you don't mind me saying it, but this

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With the beach assault phase completed the RCTs reorganized into infantry regiments and battalions and over the course of the next two days achieved the original D-Day objectives. On the 1st divisional front the 18th Infantry Regiment blocked an attempt by two companies from the 916th and 726th

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The other key aspect of the next few hours was leadership. The original plan was in tatters, with so many units mis-landed, disorganized and scattered. Most commanders had fallen or were absent, and there were few ways to communicate, other than shouted commands. In places, small groups of men,

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On the 116th RCT front, the remainder of the 1st Battalion, B/116, C/116 and D/116, were due to land in support of A/116 at Dog Green. Three boats, including their headquarters and beach-master groups, landed too far west, under the cliffs. Their exact casualties in getting across the beach are

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Today at Omaha jagged remains of the harbor can be seen at low tide. The shingle bank is no longer there, cleared by engineers in the days following D-Day to facilitate the landing of supplies. The beachfront is more built-up and the beach road extended, villages have grown and merged, but the

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The foothold gained on D-Day at Omaha, itself two isolated pockets, was the most tenuous across all the D-Day beaches. With the original objective yet to be achieved, the priority for the Allies was to link up all the Normandy beachheads. During the course of June 7, while still under sporadic

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Where vehicles were landing, they found a narrow strip of beach with no shelter from enemy fire. Around 08:30, commanders suspended all such landings. This caused a jam of landing craft out to sea. The DUKWs had a particularly hard time of it in the rough conditions. Thirteen DUKWs carried the

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Despite these preparations, very little went according to plan. Ten landing craft were swamped by the rough seas before they reached the beach, and several others stayed afloat only because their passengers bailed water out with their helmets. Seasickness was prevalent among the troops waiting

1429:. Another 30 meters (33 yd) shoreward of this line was a continuous line of 450 ramps sloping towards the shore, also with mines attached and designed to force flat-bottomed landing craft to ride up and either flip or detonate the mine. The final line of obstacles was a continuous line of 2414:

The advance of the 18th RCT cleared away the last remnants of the force defending the E-1 draw. When engineers cut a road up the western side of this draw, it became the main route inland off the beaches. With the congestion on the beaches thus relieved, they were re-opened for the landing of

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Of the nine companies landing in the first wave, only Company A of the 116th RCT at Dog Green and the Rangers to their right landed where intended. E/116, aiming for Easy Green, ended up scattered across the two beaches of the 16th RCT area. G/116, aiming for Dog White, opened up a 1,000-yard

1937:, having already completed one bombing mission over Omaha late the previous day, returned. However, with the skies overcast and under orders to avoid bombing the troops which were by then approaching the beach, the bombers overshot their targets and only three bombs fell near the beach area. 2435:

The strategic situation in Normandy precluded the reinforcement of the weakened 352nd Division. The main threat was felt by the Germans to be the British beachheads to the east of Omaha, and these received the most attention from the German mobile reserves in the immediate area of Normandy.

1956:

Historian Adrian R. Lewis postulates that American casualties would have been greatly reduced if a longer barrage had been implemented, although the First Infantry Division Chief of Staff said that the Division would not have been able to move off the beach without effective naval gunfire.

2550:

and engineers in the first landings. Only five tanks of the 741st Tank Battalion were ready for action the next day. The German 352nd division suffered 1,200 killed, wounded and missing; about 20% of its strength. Its deployment at the beach caused such problems that Lieutenant General

2447:, commander of the 352nd Division, reported the total loss of men and equipment in the coastal positions. He advised that he had sufficient forces to contain the Americans on D+1 but that he would need reinforcements thereafter. He was told that there were no more reserves available. 2330:

destroyed a 75 mm gun position in WN-74, the destroyers were ordered to get as close in as possible. Some approached within 1,000 yards (910 m) several times, scraping bottom and risking running aground. An engineer who had landed in the first wave at Fox Red, watching the

2455:

In order to provide frontline infantry the best possible aerial protection, both on the beaches and as they moved forward to secure the beachhead, it was necessary that the Allied Air Forces provided radar detection and guidance to be in place on the evening of the D-Day invasion.

2528:

Replacement vehicles and men were sent over after a week or so, and the rest of 21 BDS were operational by 1 July. 21 BDS went on to become the joint most successful GCI unit on the Western Front, with over 46 enemy aircraft downed in the first three months of the invasion alone.

2616:

On the 29th divisional front two battalions of the 116th Infantry Regiment cleared the last defenders from the bluffs while the remaining 116th battalion joined the Rangers in their move west along the coast. This force relieved the 2nd Ranger companies who were holding

1940:

Shortly after the bombardment began, the German 916th Grenadiers reported their positions to be under particularly intense fire, with the position at WN-60 very badly hit. Although the Rangers at Pointe-du-Hoc were greatly assisted in their assault of the cliffs by the

2198:

Casualties among the defenders were mounting. While the 916th Regiment, defending the center of the 352nd zone, was reporting that the landings had been frustrated, it was also requesting reinforcements. The request could not be met, because the situation elsewhere in

1313:. Of its 12,020 men, 6,800 were experienced combat troops, detailed to defend a 53-kilometer (33 mi) front. The German strategy was based on defeating any seaborne assault at the water line, and the defenses were mainly deployed in strongpoints along the coast. 1489:

completed the disposition of artillery targeting the beach. Areas between the strongpoints were lightly manned with occasional trenches, rifle pits, and 85 machine-gun emplacements. No area of the beach was left uncovered, and the disposition of weapons meant that

2281:

had landed at 08:15. With the words "Two kinds of people are staying on this beach, the dead and those who are going to die – now let's get the hell out of here!" he organized groups of men regardless of their unit, putting them under the command of the nearest

2504:

The US forces that were on the beach with them were traumatized and immobile. Many men were dead or injured. 21 BDS’ position was grave, and they too were suffering casualties. The only solution was to get off the beach and get into the shelter of a ravine.

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this exit with tanks. Colonel Taylor ordered all available tanks into action against this point at 11:00. Only three were able to reach the rallying point, and two were knocked out as they attempted to go up the draw, forcing the remaining tank to back off.

1539:

726th Grenadier Regiment (part of the 716th Static Infantry Division) as well as the 439th Ost-Battalion, which had been attached to the 726th. Omaha fell mostly within 'Coast Defense Sector 2', which stretched westward from Colleville and allocated to the

2236:

sometimes scratched together from different companies, in some cases from different divisions, were "...inspired, encouraged or bullied..." out of the relative safety of the shingle, starting the dangerous task of reducing the defenses atop the bluffs.

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ideally suited for this role, provided they could be located on favorable sites and were available for immediate use on the night of the landings. GCI 15082 was formed as a Ground Controlled Interception unit in August 1943 at Renscombe Down, near

2265:

slowed by mines on the slopes of the bluff, but elements of all three rifle companies, as well as a stray section of G/116, had gained the top by 09:00, causing the defenders at WN-62 to mistakenly report that both WN-65 and WN-66 had been taken.

2468:

in Dorset. It was equipped with what was then the latest in radar, including height-finding apparatus, and it was used primarily for the control of night fighters in forward fighting areas. The unit was mobile, with heavy equipment mounted on

2415:

vehicles by 14:00. Further congestion on this route, caused by continued resistance just inland at St. Laurent, was bypassed with a new route, and at 17:00, the surviving tanks of the 741st tank battalion were ordered inland via the E-1 draw.

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In order to provide this air cover, three Base Defence Wings (re-designated as "Sectors" – BDS - in May 1944) were begun to be formed from 1 January 1944 with the appointment of Group Captain Moseby as the Commanding Officer of No. 21 BDS at

2232:

quickly became incapable of carrying out a further assault. In the areas between the draws, at the bluffs, units were able to land in greater strength. Defenses were also weaker away from the draws, thus most advances were made there.

2182:

Many groups were leaderless and witnesses to the fate of neighboring troops and landings coming in around them. Wounded men on the beach were drowning in the incoming tide and incoming landing craft were being pounded and set ablaze.

2290:

On Fox Green, at the eastern end of Omaha, four sections of L/16 had survived their landing intact and were now leading elements of I/16, K/16 and E/116 up the slopes. With supporting fire from the heavy weapons of M/16, tanks and

1781:, was the naval component responsible for transporting the troops across the channel and landing them on the beaches. The task force comprised four assault groups, a support group, a bombarding force, a minesweeper group, eight 2286:

and sending them through the area opened up by G/16. By 09:30, the regimental command post was set up just below the bluff crest, and the 1st and 2nd battalions of the 16th RCT were being sent inland as they reached the crest.

2693:, as well as glass and iron beads resulting from munitions explosions were found in the sand of the beach, and the study of them estimated that those particles would remain in the sand of the beach for one to two centuries. 1865:

strongly disapproved of what he considered to be the small amount of air and naval bombardment used, saying "It's a crime to send men on the biggest amphibious attack in history with such inadequate naval gunfire support."

2509:

of the destroyed hamlet of Les Moulins. Out of the original 27 vehicles, only 8 survived, and 21 BDS had lost 11 dead and 39 seriously injured out of their starting complement of about 150. Six men were awarded either the

1384:

Omaha was bounded at either end by large rocky cliffs. The crescent-shaped beach presented a gently sloping tidal area averaging 300 m (330 yd) between low and high-water marks. Above the tide line was a bank of

1663:, five kilometers (3.1 miles) to the west of Omaha. Meanwhile, C Company 2nd Rangers was to land on the right of the 116th RCT and take the positions at Pointe de la Percée. The remaining companies of 2nd Rangers and the 2026:

a pre-arranged plan to compensate for decreased accuracy. The center of targeting was displaced inland to assure the safety of the landing allied troops. As a result, there was little or no damage to the beach defenses.

2342:

saw an immobilized tank at the water's edge, still firing. Watching the fall of its shot, they followed up with a salvo of their own. In this manner, the tank acted as the ship's fire control party for several minutes.

1591:

Omaha was divided into ten sectors, codenamed (from west to east): Charlie, Dog Green, Dog White, Dog Red, Easy Green, Easy White, Easy Red, Fox Green, Fox White, and Fox Red. The initial assault was to be made by two

2072: 1448:

in the west, located primarily around the entrances to the draws and protected by minefields and wire. Positions within each strongpoint were interconnected by trenches and tunnels. As well as the basic weaponry of

1823:(LCA). The infantry transports of Assault Group O4 – all Royal Navy ships – comprised three LSI(S) and three LSI(H), all converted fast North Sea ferries. Each of them carried 200 to 250 troops and eight LCA. 1381:. Sectors were divided into beaches identified by the colors Red, White and Green, corresponding to the colored lights used on naval craft to designate the port (left), amidships, and starboard (right) sides. 2585:

shellfire, the beach was prepared as a supply area. Surplus cargo ships were deliberately sunk to form an artificial breakwater and, while still less than planned, 1,429 tons of stores were landed that day.

1953:

which limited support to one battleship, two cruisers and six destroyers, he and other planners were very upset, especially in light of the tremendous naval gunfire support given to landings in the Pacific.

2045:

I was the first one out. The seventh man was the next one to get across the beach without being hit. All the ones in-between were hit. Two were killed; three were injured. That's how lucky you had to be.

1417:. The first, a non-contiguous line with a small gap in the middle of Dog White and a larger gap across the whole of Easy Red, was 250 m (270 yd) out from the highwater line and consisted of 200 2269:

from G/16, having reached the top hampered more by minefields than by enemy fire, continued south to attack the WN-63 command post on the edge of Colleville. Meanwhile, E/16, led by Second Lieutenant

1861:

before the landing. "You men should consider yourself lucky. You are going to have ringside seats for the greatest show on earth," he said, referring to the naval bombardment. However, Rear Admiral

1547:

area strongpoints in the center of Omaha. These positions were supported by the artillery of the first and fourth battalions of the 352nd Artillery Regiment (twelve 105 mm and four 150 mm

2142:

other 2nd Battalion company landed in the second wave; H/16 came in a few hundred yards to the left, opposite the E-3 draw, and suffered for it – they were put out of action for several hours.

1922:

howitzers and 34 tanks that were approaching the beach on LCTs began to supplement the naval guns. They were joined by fire from ten landing craft-mounted 4.7-inch guns and the rockets of nine

1377:; they were not named after the corps commanders, who were from Virginia (Gerow) and Louisiana (Collins). Eight further sectors were added when the invasion was extended to include Utah on the 2316:

The only artillery support for the troops making these tentative advances was from the navy. Finding targets difficult to spot, and in fear of hitting their own troops, the big guns of the

1196: 1413:

The German defensive preparations and the lack of any defense in depth indicated that their plan was to stop the invasion at the beaches. Four lines of obstacles were constructed in the

1575:

beach is a very formidable proposition indeed and there are bound to be tremendous casualties." Bradley put his hand on Scott-Bowden's shoulder and replied, "I know, my boy. I know."

2351:

While the coastal defenses had not turned back the invasion at the beach, they had broken up and weakened the assault formations struggling through them. The German emphasis on this

1788:

Assault groups O1 to O3, tasked with landing the main body of the assault, were organized along similar lines, with each comprising three infantry transports and varying numbers of

1543:, with the third battalion 726th Grenadier Regiment attached. Two companies of the 726th manned strongpoints in the Vierville area while two companies of the 916th occupied the 2071: 1647:

was also to land two battalions with the third following 30 minutes after, on Easy Red and Fox Green at the eastern end of Omaha. Their tank support was to be provided by the

1804:(LCM). Assault Group O4, tasked with landing the Rangers and the Special Engineer Task Force at Pointe du Hoc and Dog Green, comprised only six smaller infantry transports. 2324:

concentrated fire on the flanks of the beaches. The destroyers were able to get in closer, and from 08:00 began engaging their own targets. At 09:50, two minutes after the

9729: 2057:(900 m) gap between themselves and A/116 to their right when they landed at Easy Green instead. I/16 drifted so far east it did not land for another hour and a half. 1433:

150 meters (160 yd) from the shoreline. The area between the shingle bank and the bluffs was both wired and mined, and mines were also scattered on the bluff slopes.

7687: 1667:

were to follow up at Pointe du Hoc if that action proved to be successful, otherwise they were to follow the 116th into Dog Green and proceed to Pointe du Hoc overland.

1613:' 56th Signal Battalion was responsible for communications on Omaha with the fleet offshore, especially routing requests for naval gunfire support to the destroyers and 7432: 1631:

was to land two battalions in the western four beaches, to be followed 30 minutes later by the third battalion. Their landings were to be supported by the tanks of the

1328:

forces to reduce the coastal defenses, allowing larger ships to land in follow-up waves. But very little went as planned. Difficulties in navigation caused most of the

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352nd was regarded as "very slight", and by June 14 the German corps command was reporting the 352nd as completely used up and needing to be removed from the line.

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Regiment and committed to a counterattack in the Colleville area in the early afternoon. It was stopped by "firm American resistance" and reported heavy losses.

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lashed to the uprights. 30 meters (33 yd) behind these was a continuous line of logs driven into the sand pointing seaward, every third one capped with an

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was abandoned and the 115th Infantry Regiment was therefore able to push inland to the south-west, reaching the Formigny area on June 7 and the original D-Day

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was becoming more urgent for the defenders. The reserve force of the German 352nd Division, the 915th Regiment, which had earlier been deployed against the

7012: 6958: 6144: 5735:. United States Army in World War II: The European Theater of Operations. Washington, DC: Office of the Chief of Military History, Department of the Army. 7469: 6965: 6581: 5481: 2248:

Aerial view of Omaha showing the draws, left to right; Vierville (D-1), Les Moulins (D-3), St. Laurent (E-1), Colleville (E-3) and "Number 5 Draw" (F-1).

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Along with the infantry landing in the second wave, supporting arms began to arrive, meeting the same chaos and destruction as had the rifle companies.

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geography of the beach remains as it was and the remains of the coastal defenses can still be visited. At the top of the bluff overlooking Omaha near

2597:. The main advance was made by the 18th Infantry Regiment, with the 3rd battalion of the 26th Infantry Regiment attached, south and south-eastwards. 7355: 6802: 6678: 2485:, North Riding of Yorkshire. At a later date, the second and third Wings, Nos 24 and 25, were formed, the former with effect from 1 February 1944 at 2158:

Assault troops of the 3rd Battalion, 16th RCT, from the first two waves, shelter under the chalk cliffs (which identify this as an area of Fox Red).

1831:

comprised two battleships, three cruisers (two Free French and one Royal Navy), and 13 destroyers (three of which were provided by the Royal Navy).

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troops and equipment going up the bluff via the E-1 draw on D+1, June 7. They are going past WN-65 that defended the route up the Ruquet Valley to

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and Port-en-Bessin. By the morning of June 9, the 1st Division had established contact with the British XXX Corps, thus linking Omaha with Gold.

5581: 4021: 2771: 2061:

to the shingle did so at a walking pace because they were so heavily laden. Most sections had to brave the full weight of fire from small arms,

1949:, elsewhere the air and naval bombardment was not so effective, and the German beach defenses and supporting artillery remained largely intact. 9623: 6911: 6213: 2633:

the following day. The third regiment of 29th Division; the 175th, started landing on June 7. By the morning of June 9 this regiment had taken

512: 8910: 7703: 7666: 7643: 7164: 6086: 6056: 4383: 3329: 3300: 3065: 3011: 2928: 2870: 2835: 7418: 9169: 7796: 7652: 7636: 7608: 6856: 6063: 1815:(LSI(L)). All three infantry transports of Assault Group O3 were US Navy AP ships. Each US transport typically carried 1,400 troops and 26 2360:

heavy weapons off the beach meant that, after four hours, the Rangers were forced to give up on attempts to move them any further inland.

9469: 8553: 7620: 7532: 7476: 7439: 6721: 3272:. National Archives (College Park, Maryland), Rg. 407, 301-INF (16)-0.3, Box 5909, Report of Operations file. 9 July 1945. Archived from 754: 2860: 2825: 9680: 9666: 9474: 7525: 6257: 5506: 766: 431: 2920: 2372:

Dog White sector of Omaha after D-Day. Destroyed Thorneycroft and Austin radar trucks from the British RAF 21 BDS remain on the beach.

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British servicemen who died on Omaha Beach were exhumed from their initial graves in US war cemeteries and reinterred in the

2648:

Omaha landscape 67 years after landing. Harbor remains and "Les Braves" monument can be seen on the sand beach's inland edge.

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Omaha Beach, Easy Red sector or environs. At 0:39, this clip shows a large cadre of men running up a foggy beach covered in

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established a temporary working base at the airstrip close to St. Laurent and claimed their first “kill” on the 9th June.

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Oral history interview with Franklyn Johnson. from the Veterans History Project at Central Connecticut State University.

8931: 8800: 8678: 8256: 7971: 7922: 7680: 7235: 6487: 6326: 6174: 6028: 5755: 5716: 2295:, this force eliminated WN-60, which defended the draw at F-1; by 09:00, the 3rd battalion 16th RCT was moving inland. 505: 5760:. American Forces in Action Series (2011 Digital ed.). Washington DC: Historical Division, War Department. 1945. 2386:

its howitzer to a passing craft before it also succumbed to the sea. This one gun eventually landed in the afternoon.

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on June 8 and subsequently forced the German 914th Grenadiers and the 439th Ost-Battalion to withdraw from the

1881: 1639:

and the remaining company landing directly onto the beach from assault craft. To the left of the 116th RCT the

1527: 641: 5485: 4374: 2668: 9054: 8987: 8938: 8869: 8694: 8200: 8151: 7915: 7908: 7511: 7272: 7063: 6116: 3184: 1934: 1782: 498: 3751: 2256:

At 07:50, Cota led the charge off of Dog Green, between WN-68 and WN-70, by forcing gaps in the wire with a

1570:

When General Omar Bradley expressed concern about Omaha Beach in January, a Royal Engineers team of Captain

9179: 9128: 9024: 8399: 8360: 7279: 7114: 7099: 7026: 7005: 6823: 6501: 6287: 6280: 6264: 5975: 5934: 5906: 2710: – WW2 German fortifications in Normandy, France - German battery behind Omaha Beach - active on D-day 1361:, from the phonetic alphabet of the day; the name was changed on 3 March 1944. The names of both Omaha and 1144: 9389: 5844:

Free Mobile Augmented Reality app for use on location below WN62 by the Colleville draw (developed by the

941: 9764: 9754: 9155: 9091: 8415: 8367: 7985: 7957: 7810: 7425: 7404: 6925: 6588: 6494: 5984: 5840: 1930: 1923: 1037: 17: 1819:(LCVP, popularly known as "Higgins Boats"), while the British LSI(L) carried 900 to 1,400 troops and 18 9749: 8889: 8385: 8304: 8249: 8137: 8093: 7743: 7369: 7293: 7195: 7072: 6944: 6937: 6897: 6870: 6602: 6535: 6130: 5941: 5871: 2978: 2477:. Operational status, following arrival at a designated site, was expected to be reached in two hours. 1601: 1295: 1212: 802: 322: 98: 2122:

unknown, but the one-third to one-half that made it to shore spent the rest of the day pinned down by

9262: 8791: 8708: 8493: 8353: 8325: 8158: 8063: 7853: 7286: 6360: 6014: 5727: 3373:

D-Day Landing Craft: How 4,126 ‘Ugly and Unorthodox’ Allied Craft made the Normandy Landings Possible

2166:, tasked with clearing the exits and marking beaches, landed off-target and without their equipment. 1252: 922: 863: 581: 357: 346: 6558: 1926:, the latter planned to hit as the assault craft were just 300 meters (330 yd) from the beach. 792: 9395: 9268: 8530: 8507: 7759: 7560: 7553: 7217: 6877: 6849: 6842: 6229: 3755: 2630: 2283: 1801: 1349:

The coastline of Normandy was divided into sixteen sectors, which were assigned code names using a

1264: 1064: 1059: 915: 858: 829: 742: 402: 6574: 6551: 3183:. National Archives (College Park, Maryland), Rg. 407, 301 INF(16)-0.3.0, Box 5919. Archived from 1918:

The focus of the main naval bombardment was then switched to the beach defenses, and at 06:00, 36

1651:, again two companies swimming ashore and the third landed conventionally. Three companies of the 9526: 8952: 8896: 8766: 8626: 8311: 7964: 7860: 7766: 7334: 7202: 7172: 7136: 7121: 6993: 6885: 6863: 6809: 6795: 6777: 6441: 6222: 5950: 5899: 2638: 2352: 1610: 1310: 1291: 1054: 1049: 421: 305: 4052: 4046: 2864: 2829: 1520:

estimated to consist up to 50% of non-German troops, mostly Russians and Ukrainians, and German

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A Machine Gunner's War: From Normandy to Victory with the 1st Infantry Division in World War II

2307: 1902: 1827:

Royal Navy inshore minesweepers; and the 167th comprising ten Royal Navy coastal minesweepers.

1812: 1793: 1593: 1192: 1069: 875: 817: 596: 574: 66: 5825:

Photos of Omaha Beach and the American Cemetery, with text by Ernie Pyle and President Clinton

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and was regarded as the most likely force to be committed to a counter-attack. As part of

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pieces were deployed at these strongpoints. The heaviest pieces were located in eight gun

988: 8: 9634: 9628: 9613: 9541: 9377: 9324: 9250: 9226: 9077: 8851: 8729: 8685: 8207: 7341: 7107: 6634: 6464: 6448: 6397: 2748: 2713: 2325: 1517: 1260: 1109: 1032: 995: 981: 908: 824: 553: 546: 490: 390: 241: 31: 4145: 3321: 3294: 2839: 1223:

river estuary. Landings here were necessary to link the British landings to the east at

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river, linking with the British landings at Gold to the east, and reaching the area of

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and on the evening of the following day forward patrols established contact with the

2482: 2257: 2192: 1915:, the latter having first destroyed the radar station at Pointe et Raz de la Percée. 1895: 1656: 1445: 1350: 1216: 1200: 1137: 1095: 1088: 1081: 901: 887: 691: 648: 567: 106: 75: 48: 5460: 5439: 5418: 5269: 5198: 5177: 5033: 5012: 4991: 4970: 4949: 4928: 4907: 4886: 4865: 4822: 4777: 4756: 4735: 4664: 4618: 4597: 4546: 4525: 4467: 4353: 4329: 4308: 4287: 4266: 4245: 4224: 4203: 4179: 4158: 4125: 4104: 4000: 3979: 3955: 3934: 3913: 3864: 3818: 3797: 3776: 3350: 2554:, commander of the U.S. First Army, at one stage considered evacuating Omaha, while 275: 9567: 9521: 9516: 9511: 9479: 9347: 9300: 8980: 8973: 8917: 8581: 8346: 8332: 8235: 8172: 8123: 7936: 7789: 7736: 7546: 7497: 7411: 6641: 6618: 6151: 5619: 5535: 5102: 5077: 5055: 4844: 4501: 3085: 2657: 2490: 2474: 2278: 2270: 1862: 1808: 1778: 1761: 1754: 1185: 1123: 1102: 1022: 960: 771: 720: 263: 252: 6160: 2221:"Are you going to lay there and get killed, or get up and do something about it?" 2109: 1873:

reported ships off the coast, and at 05:30 opened artillery fire on the destroyer

1691:

of the 1st Infantry Division to be landed on the orders of the V Corps commander.

1497: 9484: 9359: 9312: 9294: 9244: 9232: 9003: 8715: 8630: 8588: 8486: 8429: 8297: 8079: 8070: 7599: 7181: 7157: 6411: 5809: 3720: 3686: 2656:

Once the beachhead had been secured, Omaha became the location of one of the two

2622: 2470: 2444: 2163: 2080: 2062: 1858: 1418: 1414: 1370: 1325: 1208: 953: 894: 851: 841: 776: 679: 674: 629: 615: 379: 9115: 2398: 2244: 9572: 9557: 9010: 8546: 8472: 6524: 6383: 2634: 2594: 2514: 2510: 2486: 1870: 1704: 1430: 1426: 1393: 1283: 1275: 1012: 684: 669: 664: 610: 591: 374: 363: 352: 156: 4022:"Guest Post 24: Charles Herrick on Capa's D-Day (e) Photocritic International" 2368: 1583: 9713: 9695: 9682: 9593: 9531: 9432: 8821: 6746: 6595: 6434: 5765: 5740: 2707: 2618: 2332: 1965: 1891: 1660: 1522: 1478: 1386: 1329: 1299: 1286:

to the west to link up with VII Corps landing at Utah. The untested American

1236: 1180:

was one of five beach landing sectors of the amphibious assault component of

710: 541: 341: 330: 143: 5624: 5607: 1551:

respectively). The two remaining companies of the 916th formed a reserve at

1341: 9183: 9120: 8924: 7224: 7129: 6760: 6123: 5887: 3729: 2551: 2537: 1909: 1854: 1535: 1474: 1470: 1454: 1398: 1366: 1279: 411: 219: 199: 52: 2772:

75 years from that long day in Normandy – we still have something to learn

1807:

The infantry transports of assault groups O1 and O2 comprised two US Navy

1735: 1707:

the next day, linking up with the American VII Corps at Utah to the west.

1674:", on a flooding tide, preceded by a 40-minute naval and 30-minute aerial 9608: 9452: 8759: 8745: 8407: 7083: 6904: 6889: 6243: 4816: 2131: 1997: 1675: 1556: 1508:

Allied intelligence had identified the coastal defenders as a reinforced

1374: 1354: 727: 426: 397: 230: 182: 4952:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. pp. 82–85 4931:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. pp. 80–81 4780:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. pp. 73–75 4759:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. pp. 66–73 4667:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. pp. 63–65 4621:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. pp. 77–78 4600:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. pp. 59–62 4528:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. pp. 75–77 4332:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. pp. 54–57 4290:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. pp. 53–54 4248:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. pp. 51–52 4182:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. pp. 50–51 4128:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. pp. 42–43 4107:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. pp. 48–49 3958:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. pp. 43–44 3937:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. pp. 47–48 3779:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. pp. 38–39 2013: 1981: 1973: 1531: 9618: 9446: 9440: 9420: 8114: 7867: 7846: 6739: 6072: 6000: 2644: 2317: 2292: 2208: 2170: 2005: 1874: 1785:, and three anti-submarine trawlers, numbering in total 1,028 vessels. 1696: 1362: 1256: 1239:(Bay of the Seine river). Taking Omaha was to be the responsibility of 1228: 1224: 1203:. "Omaha" refers to an 8-kilometer (5 mi) section of the coast of 737: 732: 705: 368: 5787: 2436:

Preparations were made to bring up units stationed for the defense of

1989: 1357:. The area of beach that would become Omaha was originally designated 8377: 7782: 7579: 7390: 7188: 7143: 5851: 5463:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. p. 161 5442:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. p. 149 5421:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. p. 147 5201:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. p. 108 5180:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. p. 109 5036:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. p. 102 5015:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. p. 106 4994:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. p. 104 4470:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. p. 113 3627:"Amphibious Operations Invasion of Northern France Western Task Force 2605:

the 18th Infantry Regiment on the defensive for the rest of June 8.

2561:

considered the possibility of diverting V Corps forces through Gold.

2174: 1919: 1853:

While reviewing Allied troops in England training for D-Day, General

1744: 1509: 1462: 1458: 1422: 1271: 1232: 6664: 5792: 4973:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. p. 95 4910:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. p. 80 4889:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. p. 79 4868:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. p. 93 4825:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. p. 81 4738:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. p. 71 4549:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. p. 58 4356:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. p. 57 4311:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. p. 54 4269:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. p. 52 4227:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. p. 50 4206:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. p. 53 4161:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. p. 49 4003:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. p. 48 3982:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. p. 47 3916:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. p. 45 3867:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. p. 42 3821:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. p. 41 3800:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. p. 40 3353:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945. p. 33 2625:

area which lay further to the west. Early on June 7 WN-69 defending

9562: 6648: 6376: 5829: 5824: 2690: 2601: 2437: 2200: 1605: 1552: 1548: 1437: 1321: 1204: 1002: 3513:

Lewis, Adrian. "The Navy Falls short at Normandy". December 1998.

3178: 2489:, Northumberland, and the latter with effect from 1 March 1944 at 2465: 2356: 2321: 1636: 1465:

and four open positions while the lighter guns were housed in 35

5160: 2541:

Official history map showing extent of advances made by evening.

1880:. The destroyer was joined in returning fire by the Free Frensh 1369:, as two privates fitting out his London headquarters were from 7258: 5856: 2781: 2610: 2123: 1671: 1560: 1444:("resistance nests"), numbered WN-60 in the east to WN-74 near 1302:, assaulted the western half of the beach. The battle-hardened 385: 169: 5814: 5797: 5582:"Leading Seaman Peter Wheeldon | War Casualty Details 2341793" 5143:"21 Base Defence Sector Operations Record Book, 21 Sector ORB" 4481: 2113:

Official history map showing the second assault wave landings.

7446: 5246:

The Wehrmacht's Last Stand: The German Campaigns of 1944–1945

1857:

promised that the Germans on the beach would be blasted with

1587:

Official history map showing the V Corps objectives for D-Day

1450: 1220: 3502:

Beyond the Beachhead: The 29th Infantry Division in Normandy

1726: 5798:

American D-Day: Omaha Beach, Utah Beach & Pointe du Hoc

1597: 1317: 2211:

zone east of Omaha, where German defenses were crumbling.

1703:

landed at Gold to the east, and be in position to move on

520: 3086:

Lt. Col. Fritz Ziegalmann (Chief of Staff of the 352ID).

1353:—from Able, west of Omaha, to Roger on the east flank of 5682:

D-Day through German Eyes: How the Wehrmacht Lost France

5272:. Historical Division, War Department. 20 September 1945 4814:

The official history attributes a similar action to the

4800:

D-Day, June 6, 1944, The Battle for the Normandy Beaches

4081:

D-Day, June 6, 1944, The Battle for the Normandy Beaches

2460:

secured the beach and their engineers had made it safe.

1969:

Official history map showing first assault wave landings

1530:

was believed to be 30 kilometers (19 mi) inland at

1436:

Coastal troop deployments, comprising five companies of

5845: 4504:. Historical Division, War Department. pp. 320–321 3692:

Brassey's D-Day Encyclopedia: The Normandy Invasion A-Z

6518:

Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany

5137: 5135: 5133: 5131: 5129: 5127: 5125: 5123: 5121: 5119: 3665:. University of North Carolina Press. pp. 2, 26. 3649:

War Stories of D-Day: Operation Overlord: June 6, 1944

5606:

McBride, Earle F.; Picard, M. Dane (September 2011).

4146:

http://www.americandday.org/Veterans/Ross_Wesley.html

2525:

ill-fated 21 BDS were being shot at from both sides.

1440:, were concentrated mostly at 15 strongpoints called 2377:

landings to concentrate on Easy Green and Easy Red.

1687:

of the 1st Infantry Division were to land, with the

1316:

The Allied plan called for initial assault waves of

9730:

Battles of World War II involving the United States

5248:. Kansas: University Press of Kansas. p. 135. 5172: 5170: 5116: 5096: 5094: 4044: 1494:could be brought to bear anywhere along the beach. 5105:. Historical Division, War Department. p. 334 5080:. Historical Division, War Department. p. 332 5058:. Historical Division, War Department. p. 330 4847:. Historical Division, War Department. p. 326 3248:. New York: Marble Arch Press. pp. 128, 129. 1699:8 kilometers (5.0 miles) deep, linked up with the 5509:. U.S. Army Transportation Museum. Archived from 1753:Troop transports of three types from two navies: 9711: 5167: 5091: 1890:. At 05:50 the planned naval bombardment began. 1670:The landings were scheduled to start at 06:30, " 1345:Diagrammatic cross section of the beach at Omaha 5841:Omaha Beach. H-Hour on Easy Red & Fox Green 4045:Neillands, Robin; De Normann, Roderick (2001). 3068:. 20 September 1945. p. 26. CMH Pub 100-11 2804:. Stroad, Gloucestershire: Tempus. p. 88. 2600:The most intense opposition was encountered at 2411:tank battalion spent the night near Vierville. 1270:The primary objective at Omaha was to secure a 5820:D-Day : Etat des Lieux : Omaha Beach 5532:"Bridge to the Past—Engineers in World War II" 5313: 5311: 4520: 4518: 4348: 4346: 4198: 4196: 3606:. Sutton Publishing. pp. 57 & 59–61. 3430:. Sutton Publishing. pp. 48–49 & 54. 3364: 2051:Captain Richard Merrill, 2nd Ranger Battalion. 1635:; two companies swimming ashore in amphibious 9760:World War II operations and battles of Europe 9163: 5872: 5660: 5605: 5397:. Sutton Publishing. pp. 92–94, 97–100. 5372:. Sutton Publishing. pp. 94–95, 98–100. 4567: 4565: 4563: 4412: 4410: 4384:United States Army Center of Military History 3504:, Stackpole Books, Harrisburg, PA, p. 61, 63. 3330:United States Army Center of Military History 3301:United States Army Center of Military History 3066:United States Army Center of Military History 3012:United States Army Center of Military History 2929:United States Army Center of Military History 2871:United States Army Center of Military History 2836:United States Army Center of Military History 2787: 2419:were able to reach the high ground by 20:00. 2253:WN-73, which defended draw D-1 at Vierville. 506: 30:For the American Thoroughbred racehorse, see 9178:Primary articles on the Battle of Normandy, 5534:. US Army Corps of Engineers. Archived from 3088:"The 352nd Infantry Division at Omaha Beach" 2402:An American casualty of the morning's battle 9470:American logistics in the Normandy campaign 5707:Andrews, Ernest A.; Hurt, David B. (2022). 5706: 5560:. Sutton Publishing. pp. 12, 128–184. 5308: 4515: 4343: 4193: 3974: 3972: 3908: 3906: 3581:. Sutton Publishing. pp. 50 & 57. 3204:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 3111:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 9667:Weather forecasting for Operation Overlord 9475:British logistics in the Normandy campaign 9170: 9156: 5879: 5865: 5641: 5555: 5392: 5367: 5342: 5317: 5289: 4709: 4684: 4638: 4571: 4560: 4441: 4416: 4407: 3838: 3601: 3576: 3551: 3526: 3475: 3425: 3400: 3181:"Summary of Regimental Situation on D-Day" 3153: 3149: 3147: 3125: 2979:"Wn67 Les Moulins - Saint-Laurent-sur-Mer" 2952: 2894: 2799: 2207:to the west of Omaha, was diverted to the 1834: 513: 499: 9725:Battles of World War II involving Germany 5793:29th Infantry Division Historical Society 5623: 5223:. US: Stackpole Books. pp. 350–352. 3370: 2346: 2338:firing. At one point, gunners aboard the 2134:, was able to land relatively unscathed. 1227:with the American landing to the west at 190: 5725: 5663:Sand & Steel: A New History of D-Day 5218: 5100: 5075: 5053: 4842: 4499: 4386:. 5 February 2015. pp. 47, 57, 82. 3969: 3903: 3884: 3719: 3218: 3179:Major Carl W. Plitt, 16th Infantry S-3. 3031: 2703:List of ships in Omaha Bombardment Group 2667: 2643: 2568: 2536: 2397: 2367: 2302: 2243: 2239: 2153: 2108: 2067: 2012: 2004: 1996: 1988: 1980: 1972: 1964: 1838: 1777:Task Force O, commanded by Rear Admiral 1582: 1504:65 defending the E-1 draw at Omaha Beach 1496: 1397:One of six tank turrets reused from the 1392: 1340: 5711:. Philadelphia & Oxford: Casemate. 5599: 4797: 4446:. Sutton Publishing. pp. 135–136. 4075: 4051:. Cassell Military Paperbacks. p. 3685: 3332:. 1994 . pp. 30–33. CMH Pub 100-11 3223:. US: Stackpole Books. pp. 47–50. 3144: 2838:. 1994 . pp. 11–16. Archived from 2674:Normandy American Cemetery and Memorial 1717:List of ships and craft of Task Force O 1336: 14: 9720:Battles and operations of World War II 9712: 9210:American airborne landings in Normandy 7726: 7704:Romanian prisoners in the Soviet Union 5243: 5161:"The Gazette | Official Public Record" 4689:. Sutton Publishing. pp. 73, 76. 4376:Omaha Beachhead, 6 June - 13 June 1944 3695:. Washington, DC: Brassey's. pp. 3396: 3394: 3392: 2104: 1683:of the 29th Infantry Division and the 27:WWII amphibious landing zone in France 9151: 8575:Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign 8007:Japanese invasion of French Indochina 7653:Italian prisoners in the Soviet Union 7609:Finnish prisoners in the Soviet Union 6714:Rape during the occupation of Germany 5860: 5757:Omaha Beachhead (6 June–13 June 1944) 5679: 5347:. Sutton Publishing. pp. 96–97. 4714:. Sutton Publishing. pp. 76–77. 4487: 3660: 3556:. Sutton Publishing. pp. 56–58. 3531:. Sutton Publishing. pp. 55–56. 3405:. Sutton Publishing. pp. 48–49. 2589:Grenadiers to break out of WN-63 and 2450: 2149: 1526:. The recently activated but capable 1309:Opposing the landings was the German 1274:8 kilometers (5 miles) deep, between 494: 74:landing on Omaha, as photographed by 7697:Polish prisoners in the Soviet Union 6729:Rape during the liberation of France 3889:. David & Charles. p. 131. 3243: 3036:. David & Charles. p. 132. 2095: 2038: 1792:(LST), Landing Craft Control (LCC), 1409:t 68, photographed in September 1944 5556:Badsey, Stephen; Bean, Tim (2004). 5393:Badsey, Stephen; Bean, Tim (2004). 5368:Badsey, Stephen; Bean, Tim (2004). 5343:Badsey, Stephen; Bean, Tim (2004). 5318:Badsey, Stephen; Bean, Tim (2004). 5290:Badsey, Stephen; Bean, Tim (2004). 4710:Badsey, Stephen; Bean, Tim (2004). 4685:Badsey, Stephen; Bean, Tim (2004). 4639:Badsey, Stephen; Bean, Tim (2004). 4572:Badsey, Stephen; Bean, Tim (2004). 4442:Badsey, Stephen; Bean, Tim (2004). 4417:Badsey, Stephen; Bean, Tim (2004). 3839:Badsey, Stephen; Bean, Tim (2004). 3602:Badsey, Stephen; Bean, Tim (2004). 3577:Badsey, Stephen; Bean, Tim (2004). 3552:Badsey, Stephen; Bean, Tim (2004). 3527:Badsey, Stephen; Bean, Tim (2004). 3476:Badsey, Stephen; Bean, Tim (2004). 3426:Badsey, Stephen; Bean, Tim (2004). 3401:Badsey, Stephen; Bean, Tim (2004). 3389: 3303:. 1994 . p. 30. CMH Pub 100-11 3154:Badsey, Stephen; Bean, Tim (2004). 3126:Badsey, Stephen; Bean, Tim (2004). 2953:Badsey, Stephen; Bean, Tim (2004). 2931:. 1994 . p. 23. Archived from 2895:Badsey, Stephen; Bean, Tim (2004). 2873:. 1994 . p. 20. Archived from 2426: 2185: 1811:(APA or AP) ships and a Royal Navy 1600:battalions, with two battalions of 24: 9263:Greenline, Pomegranate and Express 7923:German invasion of the Netherlands 6203:Weather events during World War II 5699: 4802:. Pocket Books. pp. 386–389. 3270:"16th Infantry Historical Records" 2226:Unidentified lieutenant, Easy Red. 1960: 1886:, and later by the battleship USS 1849:engaging shore batteries off Omaha 1710: 1563:outside the immediate Omaha area. 1559:Meyer', was located south-east of 25: 9781: 8554:Northern Burma and Western Yunnan 5781: 5322:. Sutton Publishing. p. 87. 5294:. Sutton Publishing. p. 70. 4643:. Sutton Publishing. p. 73. 4576:. Sutton Publishing. p. 72. 4421:. Sutton Publishing. p. 71. 3843:. Sutton Publishing. p. 61. 3752:"D-Day: The Allies Invade Europe" 3480:. Sutton Publishing. p. 53. 3375:. Cheltenham: The History Press. 3158:. Sutton Publishing. p. 33. 3130:. Sutton Publishing. p. 30. 2957:. Sutton Publishing. p. 42. 2899:. Sutton Publishing. p. 40. 1817:Landing Craft, Vehicle, Personnel 1767:(XAP 76) (Assault Group O3), HMS 637:Caen canal and Orne river bridges 9239:Capture of Caen and Orne bridges 9114: 5886: 5803:352nd Infantrie Division History 5574: 5549: 5524: 5499: 5474: 5453: 5432: 5411: 5386: 5361: 5336: 5283: 5262: 5237: 5212: 5191: 5153: 3090:. Stewart Bryant. Archived from 2741: 2641:, thus linking Omaha with Utah. 2298: 2029: 1869:Just after 05:00 the Germans at 1743: 1734: 1725: 1401:heavy tank project mounted on a 1243:troops, with sea transport, and 410: 396: 384: 373: 362: 351: 340: 329: 299: 280: 269: 257: 246: 235: 224: 213: 192: 175: 162: 149: 136: 59: 9657:People of Western Europe speech 9578:Military cemeteries in Normandy 5642:Buckingham, William F. (2004). 5069: 5047: 5026: 5005: 4984: 4963: 4942: 4921: 4900: 4879: 4858: 4836: 4791: 4770: 4749: 4728: 4703: 4678: 4657: 4632: 4611: 4590: 4539: 4493: 4460: 4435: 4367: 4322: 4301: 4280: 4259: 4238: 4217: 4172: 4151: 4139: 4118: 4097: 4069: 4038: 4014: 3993: 3948: 3927: 3878: 3857: 3832: 3811: 3790: 3769: 3744: 3713: 3679: 3654: 3647:Michael Green, James D. Brown, 3641: 3620: 3595: 3570: 3545: 3520: 3507: 3494: 3469: 3444: 3419: 3343: 3314: 3287: 3262: 3237: 3212: 3172: 3119: 3079: 3050: 3025: 2996: 2800:Buckingham, William F. (2004). 2738:96% of its effective strength." 2731: 2383:111th Field Artillery Battalion 2214: 1894:was targeted by the battleship 575:Taxable, Glimmer & Big Drum 9735:Beaches of Metropolitan France 9652:June 6, 1944, order of the day 8801:Vietnamese famine of 1944–1945 6511:Territorial changes of Germany 6419:Indonesian National Revolution 5608:"Shrapnel in Omaha Beach sand" 2971: 2946: 2913: 2888: 2853: 2818: 2793: 2764: 1813:Landing Ship, Infantry (Large) 1516:. This was a static defensive 1255:, with contributions from the 1247:provided predominantly by the 1231:, thus providing a continuous 13: 1: 8201:Japanese invasion of Thailand 8152:Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran 7916:German invasion of Luxembourg 6297:Mediterranean and Middle East 5661:Caddick-Adams, Peter (2019). 5635: 5482:"A Harbor Built from Scratch" 4083:. Pocket Books. p. 331. 3663:Omaha Beach: A Flawed Victory 2532: 1935:United States Army Air Forces 1760:(APA 26) (Assault Group O1), 1235:on the Normandy coast of the 9745:Military history of Normandy 9411: 9407: 8108:Invasion of the Soviet Union 7797:Occupation of Czechoslovakia 7115:Independent State of Croatia 5101:Harrison, Gordon A. (1951). 5076:Harrison, Gordon A. (1951). 5054:Harrison, Gordon A. (1951). 4843:Harrison, Gordon A. (1951). 4798:Ambrose, Stephen E. (2002). 4500:Harrison, Gordon A. (1951). 2758: 2724: 2564: 2363: 1771:an LSI(S) (Assault Group O4) 1604:also attached. The infantry 1306:was given the eastern half. 7: 9487:(Pipe-Line Under The Ocean) 9092:End of World War II in Asia 8932:Western invasion of Germany 8439:Chinese famine of 1942–1943 8416:Second Battle of El Alamein 7986:Hundred Regiments Offensive 7958:Battle of the Mediterranean 7811:Italian invasion of Albania 5985:Air warfare of World War II 5848:at the University of Oslo). 4048:D-Day, Voices from Normandy 3885:Bastable, Jonathon (2006). 3725:"First Wave at Omaha Beach" 3032:Bastable, Jonathon (2006). 2696: 1931:Consolidated B-24 Liberator 1924:Landing Craft Tank (Rocket) 1483:permanent fortified bunkers 1365:were probably suggested by 10: 9786: 9018:Naval bombardment of Japan 8386:First Battle of El Alamein 8305:Battle of Christmas Island 8250:Japanese invasion of Burma 8014:Italian invasion of Greece 7930:German invasion of Belgium 7902:German invasion of Denmark 7875:1939–1940 Winter Offensive 7744:Second Italo-Ethiopian War 6008:Comparative military ranks 5244:Citino, Robert M. (2017). 3629:, June 1944, Chapter 2–27" 3371:Whitmarsh, Andrew (2024). 1714: 1475:panzer development program 1213:Sainte-Honorine-des-Pertes 99:Sainte-Honorine-des-Pertes 72:U.S. 1st Infantry Division 29: 9624:Allied forces in Normandy 9586: 9550: 9499: 9462: 9405: 9340: 9190: 9107: 8939:Bratislava–Brno offensive 8879: 8870:Dutch famine of 1944–1945 8607: 8494:Allied invasion of Sicily 8448: 8354:Aleutian Islands campaign 8326:Zhejiang-Jiangxi campaign 8273: 8264:Greek famine of 1941–1944 8159:Second Battle of Changsha 8064:German invasion of Greece 8032: 7909:Battle of Zaoyang–Yichang 7884: 7822: 7717: 7598: 7324: 7234: 7082: 6785: 6776: 6534: 6359: 6251:North and Central Pacific 6212: 5974: 5967: 5894: 5644:D-Day: The First 72 Hours 5219:Balkoski, Joseph (2004). 4490:, pp. 78, 79.85, 86. 3661:Lewis, Adrian R. (2001). 3500:Balkoski, Joseph (1989), 3219:Balkoski, Joseph (2004). 2802:D-Day: The First 72 Hours 2473:and smaller apparatus on 1655:were to take a fortified 1471:VK 30.01 (H) tank turrets 1245:a naval bombardment force 1219:on the right bank of the 582:Combined Bomber Offensive 534: 476: 468:45 rocket launcher sites 439: 290: 206: 126: 81: 58: 46: 41: 8531:Allied invasion of Italy 8508:Solomon Islands campaign 8257:Third Battle of Changsha 7854:First Battle of Changsha 7760:Second Sino-Japanese War 6700:German military brothels 6566:United States war crimes 5726:Harrison, G. A. (1951). 5680:Trigg, Jonathan (2019). 3756:The National WWII Museum 2719: 2284:non-commissioned officer 1802:Landing Craft Mechanized 1596:(RCT), supported by two 1541:916th Grenadier Regiment 8953:Second Guangxi campaign 8808:Philippines (1944–1945) 8312:Battle of the Coral Sea 8215:Fall of the Philippines 7861:Battle of South Guangxi 7767:Battles of Khalkhin Gol 7173:Italian Social Republic 5684:. Stroud UK: Amberley. 5625:10.2110/sedred.2011.3.4 3637:, retrieved 2008-06-04. 3246:D-Day: Minute by Minute 3244:Mayo, Jonathan (2014). 2676:overlooking Omaha Beach 2639:101st Airborne Division 2445:General Dietrich Kraiss 2353:Main Line of Resistance 1835:Pre-landing bombardment 1594:Regimental Combat Teams 1578: 1528:352nd Infantry Division 1514:716th Infantry Division 1311:352nd Infantry Division 432:716th Infantry Division 422:352nd Infantry Division 9604:D-Day naval deceptions 8538:Armistice of Cassibile 8340:Battle of Dutch Harbor 8291:Battle of the Java Sea 8194:Attack on Pearl Harbor 8094:Syria–Lebanon campaign 8087:Battle of South Shanxi 8057:Invasion of Yugoslavia 7840:Battle of the Atlantic 7454:Korean Liberation Army 7167:(until September 1943) 7124:(until September 1944) 7102:(until September 1944) 5852:The RAF at Omaha Beach 5665:. London: Hutchinson. 5612:The Sedimentary Record 5147:The RAF at Omaha Beach 5103:"Cross-Channel Attack" 5078:"Cross-Channel Attack" 5056:"Cross-Channel Attack" 4845:"Cross-Channel Attack" 4502:"Cross-Channel Attack" 3515:Naval History Magazine 2983:www.atlantikwall.co.uk 2677: 2649: 2581: 2542: 2403: 2373: 2347:German defenses inland 2313: 2249: 2223: 2159: 2114: 2084: 2048: 2018: 2010: 2002: 1994: 1986: 1978: 1970: 1850: 1794:Landing Craft Infantry 1629:29th Infantry Division 1588: 1512:(800–1000 men) of the 1505: 1410: 1346: 1288:29th Infantry Division 1197:German-occupied France 1044:Air and Sea operations 837:Anglo-Canadian Sector 716:Anglo-Canadian Sector 318:29th Infantry Division 207:Commanders and leaders 67:Into the Jaws of Death 9740:Landforms of Normandy 8702:Second Battle of Guam 8598:Bengal famine of 1943 8568:Second Battle of Kiev 8524:Battle of the Dnieper 8229:Battle of Wake Island 8101:East African campaign 8043:Battle of South Henan 7688:atrocities by Germans 7461:Korean Volunteer Army 6442:Occupation of Germany 6196:Music in World War II 5646:. Tempus Publishing. 2691:particles of shrapnel 2671: 2647: 2578:Saint-Laurent-sur-Mer 2574:2nd Infantry Division 2572: 2540: 2401: 2371: 2306: 2279:Colonel George Taylor 2247: 2240:Assaulting the bluffs 2219: 2157: 2112: 2078: 2043: 2016: 2008: 2000: 1992: 1984: 1976: 1968: 1933:heavy bombers of the 1901:, and the destroyers 1842: 1821:Landing Craft Assault 1715:Further information: 1701:British 50th Division 1645:1st Infantry Division 1586: 1500: 1457:, more than 60 light 1396: 1344: 1304:1st Infantry Division 1207:, France, facing the 1191:On June 6, 1944, the 1076:Supporting operations 477:Casualties and losses 470:85 machine gun sites 313:1st Infantry Division 103:Saint-Laurent-sur-Mer 9696:49.36889°N 0.86861°W 9374:(Canada, Poland, US) 9327:(Canada, Poland, UK) 9321:(Canada, Poland, UK) 8988:Surrender of Germany 8466:Battle of West Hubei 8423:Guadalcanal campaign 8393:Battle of Stalingrad 8319:Battle of Madagascar 7093:Albania protectorate 6880:(formerly Swaziland) 6589:Wehrmacht war crimes 6405:Expulsion of Germans 6189:Art and World War II 6087:British contribution 6036:Governments in exile 5788:Omaha Beach Memorial 5729:Cross-Channel Attack 5513:on November 14, 2007 5507:"Operation Mulberry" 2392:741st Tank Battalion 2275:Robert L. Sheppard V 2205:US airborne landings 1665:5th Ranger Battalion 1653:2nd Ranger Battalion 1649:741st Tank Battalion 1633:743rd Tank Battalion 1337:Terrain and defenses 528:(Battle of Normandy) 458:8 artillery bunkers 9692: / 9635:Operation Bodyguard 9629:Liberation of Paris 9078:Potsdam Declaration 8967:Italy (Spring 1945) 8730:Liberation of Paris 8187:Siege of Sevastopol 7205:(until August 1944) 7108:Wang Jingwei regime 6930:from September 1943 6890:from September 1944 6828:from September 1944 6688:Romanian war crimes 6679:Persecution of Jews 6665:Croatian war crimes 6635:Japanese war crimes 6449:Occupation of Japan 6398:First Indochina War 6110:Military production 6022:Declarations of war 5830:IX Engineer Command 5815:Omaha Beach Mémoire 5163:. 14 November 1944. 4077:Ambrose, Stephen E. 3452:"Operation Neptune" 3014:. 1994 . p. 25 2790:, pp. 136–139. 2749:Bayeux war cemetery 2714:Saving Private Ryan 2132:Norman "Dutch" Cota 2105:Second assault wave 462:4 artillery pieces 453:1,010 other vessels 427:439th Ost-Battalion 391:Royal Canadian Navy 242:Clarence R. Huebner 32:Omaha Beach (horse) 9765:Beaches in history 9755:Operation Overlord 9701:49.36889; -0.86861 9662:Rommel's asparagus 9646:Operation Jedburgh 9491:Operation Chastity 9071:Surrender of Japan 8904:Battle of Iwo Jima 8753:Belgrade offensive 8166:Siege of Leningrad 8050:Battle of Shanggao 7979:British Somaliland 7944:Dunkirk evacuation 7895:Norwegian campaign 7833:Invasion of Poland 7660:Japanese prisoners 6628:Italian war crimes 6559:British war crimes 6474:Soviet occupations 6258:South-West Pacific 6145:Allied cooperation 6103:Military equipment 5808:2007-04-28 at the 5538:on August 23, 2007 4148:eyewitness account 4026:www.nearbycafe.com 2788:Caddick-Adams 2019 2776:The Jerusalem Post 2678: 2650: 2582: 2559:Bernard Montgomery 2543: 2493:, Cambridgeshire. 2451:RAF at Omaha Beach 2404: 2374: 2314: 2250: 2160: 2150:American situation 2115: 2085: 2019: 2011: 2003: 1995: 1987: 1979: 1971: 1851: 1829:Bombarding Force C 1798:Landing Craft Tank 1790:tank landing ships 1589: 1572:Logan Scott-Bowden 1506: 1411: 1379:Cotentin Peninsula 1373:(Gayle Eyler) and 1347: 1290:, along with nine 1249:United States Navy 1241:United States Army 1182:Operation Overlord 871:Normandy massacres 760:Operation Chastity 524:Operation Overlord 466:18 anti-tank guns 70:: Troops from the 9750:Operation Neptune 9675: 9674: 9640:Operation Dragoon 9315:(UK 6th Airborne) 9145: 9144: 9103: 9102: 8946:Battle of Okinawa 8845:Burma (1944–1945) 8679:Mariana and Palau 8459:Tunisian campaign 8284:Fall of Singapore 8208:Fall of Hong Kong 7951:Battle of Britain 7804:Operation Himmler 7713: 7712: 7377:Dutch East Indies 7020:Southern Rhodesia 6772: 6771: 6672:Genocide of Serbs 6575:German war crimes 6552:Soviet war crimes 6545:Allied war crimes 6391:Division of Korea 6370:Chinese Civil War 6168:Strategic bombing 6080:Manhattan Project 5846:SitsimLab–project 5691:978-1-4456-8931-9 5672:978-1-84794-8-281 5653:978-0-7524-2842-0 5461:"Omaha Beachhead" 5440:"Omaha Beachhead" 5419:"Omaha Beachhead" 5270:"Omaha Beachhead" 5199:"Omaha Beachhead" 5178:"Omaha Beachhead" 5034:"Omaha Beachhead" 5013:"Omaha Beachhead" 4992:"Omaha Beachhead" 4971:"Omaha Beachhead" 4950:"Omaha Beachhead" 4929:"Omaha Beachhead" 4908:"Omaha Beachhead" 4887:"Omaha Beachhead" 4866:"Omaha Beachhead" 4823:"Omaha Beachhead" 4778:"Omaha Beachhead" 4757:"Omaha Beachhead" 4736:"Omaha Beachhead" 4665:"Omaha Beachhead" 4619:"Omaha Beachhead" 4598:"Omaha Beachhead" 4547:"Omaha Beachhead" 4526:"Omaha Beachhead" 4468:"Omaha Beachhead" 4393:978-1-507-85568-3 4354:"Omaha Beachhead" 4330:"Omaha Beachhead" 4309:"Omaha Beachhead" 4288:"Omaha Beachhead" 4267:"Omaha Beachhead" 4246:"Omaha Beachhead" 4225:"Omaha Beachhead" 4204:"Omaha Beachhead" 4180:"Omaha Beachhead" 4159:"Omaha Beachhead" 4126:"Omaha Beachhead" 4105:"Omaha Beachhead" 4001:"Omaha Beachhead" 3980:"Omaha Beachhead" 3956:"Omaha Beachhead" 3935:"Omaha Beachhead" 3914:"Omaha Beachhead" 3887:Voices from D-Day 3865:"Omaha Beachhead" 3819:"Omaha Beachhead" 3798:"Omaha Beachhead" 3777:"Omaha Beachhead" 3723:(November 1960). 3517:. March 28, 2001. 3382:978-1-80399-445-1 3351:"Omaha Beachhead" 3255:978-1-4767-7294-3 3034:Voices from D-Day 2811:978-0-7524-2842-0 2770:Gal Perl Finkel, 2687:American cemetery 2483:RAF Church Fenton 2258:Bangalore torpedo 2193:Heinrich Severloh 2096:Engineer landings 2076: 2039:Infantry landings 1442:Widerstandsnester 1351:spelling alphabet 1296:U.S. Army Rangers 1217:Vierville-sur-Mer 1201:Normandy landings 1172: 1171: 1028:Mantes-Gassicourt 692:Normandy landings 489: 488: 122: 121: 107:Vierville-sur-Mer 76:Robert F. Sargent 49:Normandy landings 16:(Redirected from 9777: 9707: 9706: 9704: 9703: 9702: 9697: 9693: 9690: 9689: 9688: 9685: 9648:(France, UK, US) 9642:(France, UK, US) 9614:Hobart's Funnies 9568:Hillman Fortress 9480:Mulberry harbour 9413: 9409: 9406:Landing points ( 9384:Merville Battery 9253:(Deception plan) 9172: 9165: 9158: 9149: 9148: 9138: 9131: 9124: 9121:World portal 9119: 9118: 9094: 9087: 9080: 9073: 9064: 9057: 9050: 9041: 9034: 9027: 9020: 9013: 9006: 8997: 8990: 8983: 8981:Prague offensive 8976: 8974:Battle of Berlin 8969: 8962: 8955: 8948: 8941: 8934: 8927: 8920: 8918:Vienna offensive 8913: 8906: 8899: 8897:Battle of Manila 8892: 8872: 8863: 8854: 8847: 8838: 8831: 8824: 8817: 8810: 8803: 8796: 8787: 8778: 8771: 8762: 8755: 8748: 8741: 8732: 8725: 8718: 8711: 8704: 8697: 8690: 8681: 8674: 8665: 8656: 8647: 8640: 8638:Korsun–Cherkassy 8633: 8622: 8600: 8591: 8584: 8577: 8570: 8563: 8556: 8549: 8540: 8533: 8526: 8519: 8510: 8503: 8496: 8489: 8482: 8480:Bombing of Gorky 8475: 8468: 8461: 8441: 8434: 8425: 8418: 8411: 8402: 8395: 8388: 8381: 8370: 8363: 8356: 8349: 8347:Battle of Midway 8342: 8335: 8333:Battle of Gazala 8328: 8321: 8314: 8307: 8300: 8293: 8286: 8266: 8259: 8252: 8245: 8243:Battle of Borneo 8238: 8236:Malayan campaign 8231: 8224: 8217: 8210: 8203: 8196: 8189: 8182: 8180:Bombing of Gorky 8175: 8173:Battle of Moscow 8168: 8161: 8154: 8147: 8140: 8133: 8117: 8110: 8103: 8096: 8089: 8082: 8073: 8066: 8059: 8052: 8045: 8025: 8016: 8009: 8002: 7995: 7988: 7981: 7974: 7967: 7960: 7953: 7946: 7939: 7937:Battle of France 7932: 7925: 7918: 7911: 7904: 7897: 7877: 7870: 7863: 7856: 7849: 7842: 7835: 7813: 7806: 7799: 7792: 7790:Munich Agreement 7785: 7778: 7769: 7762: 7755: 7746: 7739: 7724: 7723: 7706: 7699: 7690: 7683: 7676: 7675:Soviet prisoners 7669: 7662: 7655: 7646: 7639: 7630: 7623: 7616: 7615:German prisoners 7611: 7591: 7582: 7575: 7568: 7563: 7556: 7549: 7542: 7535: 7528: 7521: 7514: 7507: 7500: 7493: 7486: 7479: 7472: 7463: 7456: 7449: 7442: 7435: 7428: 7421: 7414: 7407: 7400: 7393: 7386: 7379: 7372: 7365: 7358: 7351: 7344: 7337: 7317: 7310: 7303: 7296: 7289: 7282: 7275: 7268: 7261: 7254: 7247: 7227: 7220: 7213: 7206: 7198: 7191: 7184: 7175: 7168: 7160: 7153: 7151:French Indochina 7146: 7139: 7132: 7125: 7117: 7110: 7103: 7095: 7075: 7066: 7059: 7050: 7043: 7036: 7029: 7022: 7015: 7008: 7001: 6998:from August 1944 6989: 6982: 6975: 6968: 6961: 6954: 6947: 6940: 6933: 6921: 6914: 6907: 6900: 6893: 6881: 6873: 6866: 6859: 6852: 6845: 6838: 6831: 6819: 6812: 6805: 6798: 6783: 6782: 6763: 6756: 6749: 6742: 6735: 6724: 6709: 6702: 6695: 6690: 6681: 6674: 6667: 6658: 6651: 6644: 6642:Nanjing Massacre 6637: 6630: 6621: 6619:Nuremberg trials 6612: 6605: 6598: 6591: 6584: 6577: 6568: 6561: 6554: 6547: 6527: 6520: 6513: 6504: 6497: 6490: 6483: 6476: 6469: 6460: 6451: 6444: 6437: 6430: 6421: 6414: 6407: 6400: 6393: 6386: 6379: 6372: 6352: 6343: 6336: 6329: 6320: 6313: 6306: 6299: 6290: 6283: 6276: 6267: 6260: 6253: 6246: 6239: 6232: 6225: 6223:Asia and Pacific 6205: 6198: 6191: 6184: 6177: 6170: 6163: 6154: 6152:Mulberry harbour 6147: 6140: 6133: 6126: 6119: 6112: 6105: 6098: 6089: 6082: 6075: 6066: 6059: 6052: 6045: 6038: 6031: 6024: 6017: 6010: 6003: 5994: 5987: 5972: 5971: 5960: 5953: 5944: 5937: 5930: 5923: 5916: 5909: 5902: 5881: 5874: 5867: 5858: 5857: 5776: 5774: 5772: 5751: 5749: 5747: 5734: 5722: 5695: 5676: 5657: 5630: 5629: 5627: 5603: 5597: 5596: 5594: 5592: 5578: 5572: 5571: 5553: 5547: 5546: 5544: 5543: 5528: 5522: 5521: 5519: 5518: 5503: 5497: 5496: 5494: 5493: 5484:. 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Spalding 2227: 2186:German situation 2164:Combat engineers 2077: 2052: 1809:Attack Transport 1779:John L. Hall Jr. 1747: 1738: 1729: 1481:were re-used in 1298:redirected from 1186:Second World War 803:La Haye-du-Puits 788:American Sector 696:American Sector 642:Merville Battery 622:Airborne assault 529: 525: 515: 508: 501: 492: 491: 445:43,250 infantry 415: 414: 403:Free French Navy 401: 400: 389: 388: 378: 377: 367: 366: 356: 355: 345: 344: 334: 333: 304: 303: 302: 285: 284: 283: 274: 273: 272: 264:George A. Taylor 262: 261: 260: 253:Willard G. Wyman 251: 250: 249: 240: 239: 238: 229: 228: 227: 218: 217: 216: 202: 198: 196: 195: 181: 179: 178: 168: 166: 165: 155: 153: 152: 142: 140: 139: 83: 82: 63: 39: 38: 21: 9785: 9784: 9780: 9779: 9778: 9776: 9775: 9774: 9710: 9709: 9700: 9698: 9694: 9691: 9686: 9683: 9681: 9679: 9678: 9676: 9671: 9582: 9546: 9527:Longues-sur-Mer 9495: 9458: 9401: 9390:Verrières Ridge 9336: 9229:(UK and Canada) 9186: 9176: 9146: 9141: 9134: 9127: 9113: 9111: 9099: 9090: 9083: 9076: 9069: 9060: 9053: 9046: 9037: 9032:Atomic bombings 9030: 9023: 9016: 9009: 9002: 8993: 8986: 8979: 8972: 8965: 8958: 8951: 8944: 8937: 8930: 8923: 8916: 8909: 8902: 8895: 8888: 8875: 8868: 8857: 8850: 8843: 8834: 8827: 8820: 8813: 8806: 8799: 8790: 8781: 8774: 8765: 8758: 8751: 8744: 8735: 8728: 8723:Eastern Romania 8721: 8716:Warsaw Uprising 8714: 8709:Tannenberg Line 8707: 8700: 8695:Western Ukraine 8693: 8684: 8677: 8668: 8659: 8650: 8643: 8636: 8625: 8616: 8603: 8596: 8587: 8580: 8573: 8566: 8559: 8552: 8545: 8536: 8529: 8522: 8513: 8506: 8499: 8492: 8487:Battle of Kursk 8485: 8478: 8471: 8464: 8457: 8444: 8437: 8428: 8421: 8414: 8405: 8398: 8391: 8384: 8375: 8366: 8359: 8352: 8345: 8338: 8331: 8324: 8317: 8310: 8303: 8298:St Nazaire Raid 8296: 8289: 8282: 8269: 8262: 8255: 8248: 8241: 8234: 8227: 8220: 8213: 8206: 8199: 8192: 8185: 8178: 8171: 8164: 8157: 8150: 8143: 8136: 8122: 8113: 8106: 8099: 8092: 8085: 8080:Anglo-Iraqi War 8078: 8071:Battle of Crete 8069: 8062: 8055: 8048: 8041: 8028: 8019: 8012: 8005: 8000:Eastern Romania 7998: 7991: 7984: 7977: 7970: 7963: 7956: 7949: 7942: 7935: 7928: 7921: 7914: 7907: 7900: 7893: 7880: 7873: 7866: 7859: 7852: 7845: 7838: 7831: 7818: 7809: 7802: 7795: 7788: 7781: 7774: 7765: 7758: 7751: 7742: 7735: 7709: 7702: 7695: 7686: 7679: 7674: 7665: 7658: 7651: 7642: 7635: 7626: 7619: 7614: 7607: 7594: 7587: 7578: 7571: 7566: 7561:Western Ukraine 7559: 7552: 7545: 7538: 7531: 7524: 7517: 7510: 7505:Northeast China 7503: 7496: 7489: 7482: 7475: 7468: 7459: 7452: 7445: 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6256: 6249: 6242: 6237:South-East Asia 6235: 6228: 6221: 6208: 6201: 6194: 6187: 6180: 6173: 6166: 6159: 6150: 6143: 6136: 6129: 6122: 6115: 6108: 6101: 6096:Military awards 6094: 6085: 6078: 6071: 6062: 6055: 6048: 6041: 6034: 6027: 6020: 6013: 6006: 5999: 5990: 5983: 5963: 5956: 5949: 5940: 5933: 5926: 5921: 5912: 5905: 5898: 5890: 5885: 5810:Wayback Machine 5784: 5779: 5770: 5768: 5754: 5745: 5743: 5732: 5719: 5702: 5700:Further reading 5692: 5673: 5654: 5638: 5633: 5604: 5600: 5590: 5588: 5580: 5579: 5575: 5568: 5554: 5550: 5541: 5539: 5530: 5529: 5525: 5516: 5514: 5505: 5504: 5500: 5491: 5489: 5480: 5479: 5475: 5466: 5464: 5459: 5458: 5454: 5445: 5443: 5438: 5437: 5433: 5424: 5422: 5417: 5416: 5412: 5405: 5391: 5387: 5380: 5366: 5362: 5355: 5341: 5337: 5330: 5316: 5309: 5302: 5288: 5284: 5275: 5273: 5268: 5267: 5263: 5256: 5242: 5238: 5231: 5217: 5213: 5204: 5202: 5197: 5196: 5192: 5183: 5181: 5176: 5175: 5168: 5159: 5158: 5154: 5141: 5140: 5117: 5108: 5106: 5099: 5092: 5083: 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4243: 4239: 4230: 4228: 4223: 4222: 4218: 4209: 4207: 4202: 4201: 4194: 4185: 4183: 4178: 4177: 4173: 4164: 4162: 4157: 4156: 4152: 4144: 4140: 4131: 4129: 4124: 4123: 4119: 4110: 4108: 4103: 4102: 4098: 4091: 4074: 4070: 4063: 4043: 4039: 4030: 4028: 4020: 4019: 4015: 4006: 4004: 3999: 3998: 3994: 3985: 3983: 3978: 3977: 3970: 3961: 3959: 3954: 3953: 3949: 3940: 3938: 3933: 3932: 3928: 3919: 3917: 3912: 3911: 3904: 3897: 3883: 3879: 3870: 3868: 3863: 3862: 3858: 3851: 3837: 3833: 3824: 3822: 3817: 3816: 3812: 3803: 3801: 3796: 3795: 3791: 3782: 3780: 3775: 3774: 3770: 3760: 3758: 3750: 3749: 3745: 3735: 3733: 3718: 3714: 3707: 3684: 3680: 3673: 3659: 3655: 3646: 3642: 3625: 3621: 3614: 3600: 3596: 3589: 3575: 3571: 3564: 3550: 3546: 3539: 3525: 3521: 3512: 3508: 3499: 3495: 3488: 3474: 3470: 3460: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3449: 3445: 3438: 3424: 3420: 3413: 3399: 3390: 3383: 3369: 3365: 3356: 3354: 3349: 3348: 3344: 3335: 3333: 3326:Omaha Beachhead 3320: 3319: 3315: 3306: 3304: 3296:Omaha Beachhead 3293: 3292: 3288: 3279: 3277: 3268: 3267: 3263: 3256: 3242: 3238: 3231: 3217: 3213: 3197: 3196: 3190: 3188: 3177: 3173: 3166: 3152: 3145: 3138: 3124: 3120: 3104: 3103: 3097: 3095: 3084: 3080: 3071: 3069: 3062:Omaha Beachhead 3056: 3055: 3051: 3044: 3030: 3026: 3017: 3015: 3008:Omaha Beachhead 3002: 3001: 2997: 2987: 2985: 2977: 2976: 2972: 2965: 2951: 2947: 2938: 2936: 2925:Omaha Beachhead 2919: 2918: 2914: 2907: 2893: 2889: 2880: 2878: 2866:Omaha Beachhead 2859: 2858: 2854: 2845: 2843: 2831:Omaha Beachhead 2824: 2823: 2819: 2812: 2798: 2794: 2786: 2782: 2769: 2765: 2761: 2756: 2755: 2746: 2742: 2736: 2732: 2727: 2722: 2699: 2567: 2535: 2471:Crossley trucks 2453: 2429: 2366: 2349: 2301: 2242: 2229: 2225: 2217: 2188: 2152: 2107: 2098: 2081:Czech hedgehogs 2068: 2054: 2050: 2041: 2032: 1963: 1961:Initial assault 1883:Georges Leygues 1837: 1775: 1774: 1773: 1772: 1769:Prince Baudouin 1750: 1749: 1748: 1740: 1739: 1731: 1730: 1719: 1713: 1711:Naval component 1581: 1502:Widerstandsnest 1485:. A further 18 1415:intertidal zone 1371:Omaha, Nebraska 1339: 1326:combat engineer 1211:, from east of 1209:English Channel 1175: 1174: 1173: 1168: 1155: 942:Verrières Ridge 864:Le Mesnil-Patry 787: 785:Ground campaign 695: 658:American Sector 625:British Sector 624: 530: 527: 523: 521: 519: 471: 469: 467: 465: 463: 461: 459: 457: 456:7,800 infantry 452: 450: 448: 446: 409: 395: 393: 383: 382: 380:Royal Air Force 372: 371: 361: 360: 350: 349: 339: 338: 328: 323:US Army Rangers 300: 298: 281: 279: 278: 270: 268: 258: 256: 255: 247: 245: 244: 236: 234: 233: 225: 223: 222: 220:Omar N. Bradley 214: 212: 193: 191: 187: 176: 174: 163: 161: 150: 148: 137: 135: 110: 64: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 9783: 9773: 9772: 9767: 9762: 9757: 9752: 9747: 9742: 9737: 9732: 9727: 9722: 9673: 9672: 9670: 9669: 9664: 9659: 9654: 9649: 9643: 9637: 9632: 9626: 9621: 9616: 9611: 9606: 9601: 9596: 9590: 9588: 9584: 9583: 9581: 9580: 9575: 9573:Pegasus Bridge 9570: 9565: 9560: 9558:Falaise pocket 9554: 9552: 9548: 9547: 9545: 9544: 9539: 9534: 9529: 9524: 9519: 9514: 9509: 9503: 9501: 9497: 9496: 9494: 9493: 9488: 9482: 9477: 9472: 9466: 9464: 9460: 9459: 9457: 9456: 9450: 9444: 9438: 9437: 9436: 9424: 9417: 9415: 9403: 9402: 9400: 9399: 9396:Villers-Bocage 9393: 9387: 9381: 9375: 9369: 9363: 9357: 9351: 9344: 9342: 9338: 9337: 9335: 9334: 9328: 9322: 9316: 9310: 9304: 9298: 9292: 9286: 9280: 9272: 9266: 9260: 9254: 9248: 9242: 9236: 9230: 9224: 9218: 9212: 9207: 9206:(assault plan) 9201: 9200:(overall plan) 9194: 9192: 9188: 9187: 9175: 9174: 9167: 9160: 9152: 9143: 9142: 9140: 9139: 9132: 9125: 9108: 9105: 9104: 9101: 9100: 9098: 9097: 9096: 9095: 9088: 9081: 9067: 9066: 9065: 9051: 9048:South Sakhalin 9044: 9043: 9042: 9028: 9021: 9014: 9007: 9000: 8999: 8998: 8984: 8977: 8970: 8963: 8956: 8949: 8942: 8935: 8928: 8921: 8914: 8907: 8900: 8893: 8885: 8883: 8877: 8876: 8874: 8873: 8866: 8865: 8864: 8848: 8841: 8840: 8839: 8825: 8818: 8811: 8804: 8797: 8788: 8779: 8772: 8763: 8756: 8749: 8742: 8733: 8726: 8719: 8712: 8705: 8698: 8691: 8682: 8675: 8666: 8657: 8648: 8641: 8634: 8623: 8613: 8611: 8605: 8604: 8602: 8601: 8594: 8593: 8592: 8585: 8571: 8564: 8557: 8550: 8543: 8542: 8541: 8527: 8520: 8511: 8504: 8497: 8490: 8483: 8476: 8473:Battle of Attu 8469: 8462: 8454: 8452: 8446: 8445: 8443: 8442: 8435: 8426: 8419: 8412: 8403: 8396: 8389: 8382: 8373: 8372: 8371: 8364: 8350: 8343: 8336: 8329: 8322: 8315: 8308: 8301: 8294: 8287: 8279: 8277: 8271: 8270: 8268: 8267: 8260: 8253: 8246: 8239: 8232: 8225: 8222:Battle of Guam 8218: 8211: 8204: 8197: 8190: 8183: 8176: 8169: 8162: 8155: 8148: 8145:Battle of Kiev 8141: 8134: 8120: 8119: 8118: 8104: 8097: 8090: 8083: 8076: 8075: 8074: 8060: 8053: 8046: 8038: 8036: 8030: 8029: 8027: 8026: 8017: 8010: 8003: 7996: 7989: 7982: 7975: 7968: 7961: 7954: 7947: 7940: 7933: 7926: 7919: 7912: 7905: 7898: 7890: 7888: 7882: 7881: 7879: 7878: 7871: 7864: 7857: 7850: 7843: 7836: 7828: 7826: 7820: 7819: 7817: 7816: 7815: 7814: 7807: 7800: 7793: 7786: 7772: 7771: 7770: 7763: 7749: 7748: 7747: 7732: 7730: 7721: 7715: 7714: 7711: 7710: 7708: 7707: 7700: 7693: 7692: 7691: 7684: 7672: 7671: 7670: 7656: 7649: 7648: 7647: 7644:United Kingdom 7640: 7633: 7632: 7631: 7612: 7604: 7602: 7596: 7595: 7593: 7592: 7585: 7584: 7583: 7576: 7564: 7557: 7550: 7543: 7536: 7529: 7522: 7515: 7508: 7501: 7494: 7487: 7480: 7473: 7466: 7465: 7464: 7457: 7443: 7436: 7429: 7422: 7415: 7408: 7401: 7394: 7387: 7380: 7373: 7366: 7359: 7352: 7345: 7338: 7330: 7328: 7322: 7321: 7319: 7318: 7311: 7304: 7297: 7290: 7283: 7276: 7269: 7262: 7255: 7248: 7240: 7238: 7232: 7231: 7229: 7228: 7221: 7214: 7207: 7199: 7192: 7185: 7178: 7177: 7176: 7161: 7154: 7147: 7140: 7133: 7126: 7118: 7111: 7104: 7096: 7088: 7086: 7080: 7079: 7077: 7076: 7069: 7068: 7067: 7053: 7052: 7051: 7048:British Empire 7041:United Kingdom 7037: 7030: 7023: 7016: 7009: 7002: 6990: 6983: 6976: 6969: 6962: 6955: 6948: 6941: 6934: 6922: 6915: 6908: 6901: 6894: 6882: 6874: 6867: 6860: 6857:Czechoslovakia 6853: 6846: 6839: 6832: 6820: 6813: 6806: 6799: 6791: 6789: 6780: 6774: 6773: 6770: 6769: 6767: 6766: 6765: 6764: 6757: 6754:Rape of Manila 6750: 6743: 6736: 6725: 6710: 6703: 6691: 6684: 6683: 6682: 6675: 6661: 6660: 6659: 6652: 6645: 6631: 6624: 6623: 6622: 6615: 6614: 6613: 6606: 6592: 6585: 6571: 6570: 6569: 6562: 6555: 6540: 6538: 6532: 6531: 6529: 6528: 6525:United Nations 6521: 6514: 6507: 6506: 6505: 6498: 6491: 6484: 6470: 6461: 6452: 6445: 6438: 6431: 6422: 6415: 6408: 6401: 6394: 6387: 6384:Decolonization 6380: 6373: 6365: 6363: 6357: 6356: 6354: 6353: 6346: 6345: 6344: 6330: 6323: 6322: 6321: 6314: 6307: 6293: 6292: 6291: 6284: 6270: 6269: 6268: 6261: 6254: 6247: 6240: 6233: 6218: 6216: 6210: 6209: 6207: 6206: 6199: 6192: 6185: 6178: 6171: 6164: 6157: 6156: 6155: 6148: 6134: 6127: 6120: 6113: 6106: 6099: 6092: 6091: 6090: 6076: 6069: 6068: 6067: 6060: 6057:United Kingdom 6053: 6039: 6032: 6025: 6018: 6011: 6004: 5997: 5996: 5995: 5980: 5978: 5969: 5965: 5964: 5962: 5961: 5954: 5947: 5946: 5945: 5938: 5931: 5919: 5918: 5917: 5903: 5895: 5892: 5891: 5884: 5883: 5876: 5869: 5861: 5855: 5854: 5849: 5837: 5832: 5827: 5822: 5817: 5812: 5800: 5795: 5790: 5783: 5782:External links 5780: 5778: 5777: 5752: 5723: 5718:978-1636241043 5717: 5703: 5701: 5698: 5697: 5696: 5690: 5677: 5671: 5658: 5652: 5637: 5634: 5632: 5631: 5598: 5573: 5566: 5548: 5523: 5498: 5473: 5452: 5431: 5410: 5403: 5385: 5378: 5360: 5353: 5335: 5328: 5307: 5300: 5282: 5261: 5254: 5236: 5229: 5211: 5190: 5166: 5152: 5115: 5090: 5068: 5046: 5025: 5004: 4983: 4962: 4941: 4920: 4899: 4878: 4857: 4835: 4808: 4790: 4769: 4748: 4727: 4720: 4702: 4695: 4677: 4656: 4649: 4631: 4610: 4589: 4582: 4559: 4538: 4514: 4492: 4480: 4459: 4452: 4434: 4427: 4406: 4392: 4366: 4342: 4321: 4300: 4279: 4258: 4237: 4216: 4192: 4171: 4150: 4138: 4117: 4096: 4089: 4068: 4061: 4037: 4013: 3992: 3968: 3947: 3926: 3902: 3895: 3877: 3856: 3849: 3831: 3810: 3789: 3768: 3743: 3712: 3705: 3678: 3671: 3653: 3640: 3619: 3612: 3594: 3587: 3569: 3562: 3544: 3537: 3519: 3506: 3493: 3486: 3468: 3443: 3436: 3418: 3411: 3388: 3381: 3363: 3342: 3322:"Assault Plan" 3313: 3286: 3276:on 5 July 2007 3261: 3254: 3236: 3229: 3211: 3171: 3164: 3143: 3136: 3118: 3078: 3049: 3042: 3024: 2995: 2970: 2963: 2945: 2912: 2905: 2887: 2852: 2826:"Assault Plan" 2817: 2810: 2792: 2780: 2762: 2760: 2757: 2754: 2753: 2740: 2729: 2728: 2726: 2723: 2721: 2718: 2717: 2716: 2711: 2705: 2698: 2695: 2595:Port-en-Bessin 2566: 2563: 2534: 2531: 2515:Military Medal 2511:Military Cross 2487:RAF Acklington 2452: 2449: 2428: 2425: 2365: 2362: 2348: 2345: 2300: 2297: 2241: 2238: 2218: 2216: 2213: 2187: 2184: 2151: 2148: 2106: 2103: 2097: 2094: 2042: 2040: 2037: 2031: 2028: 1962: 1959: 1929:At 06:00, 448 1871:Port-en-Bessin 1836: 1833: 1752: 1751: 1742: 1741: 1733: 1732: 1724: 1723: 1722: 1721: 1720: 1712: 1709: 1695:established a 1580: 1577: 1487:anti-tank guns 1479:75mm L/24 guns 1427:anti-tank mine 1407:Widerstandsnes 1338: 1335: 1276:Port-en-Bessin 1170: 1169: 1167: 1166: 1154: 1153: 1142: 1135: 1128: 1121: 1114: 1107: 1100: 1093: 1086: 1073: 1072: 1067: 1065:Pierres Noires 1062: 1057: 1052: 1041: 1040: 1035: 1030: 1025: 1020: 1015: 1010: 1005: 1000: 993: 986: 985: 984: 972: 965: 958: 945: 944: 939: 932: 925: 920: 913: 906: 899: 892: 885: 880: 879: 878: 868: 867: 866: 861: 859:Villers-Bocage 849: 844: 835: 834: 833: 832: 822: 821: 820: 810: 805: 800: 795: 793:Brécourt Manor 782: 781: 780: 779: 774: 764: 763: 762: 746: 745: 743:Port-en-Bessin 740: 735: 730: 725: 714: 713: 708: 703: 688: 687: 682: 677: 672: 667: 654: 653: 646: 645: 644: 639: 619: 618: 613: 608: 601: 594: 592:Transport Plan 589: 584: 579: 578: 577: 572: 565: 558: 544: 535: 532: 531: 518: 517: 510: 503: 495: 487: 486: 483: 479: 478: 474: 473: 472:6 tank turrets 464:6 mortar pits 454: 447:2 battleships 442: 441: 437: 436: 435: 434: 429: 424: 418: 417: 405: 347:US Coast Guard 326: 325: 320: 315: 309: 308: 293: 292: 291:Units involved 288: 287: 276:Dietrich Kraiß 266: 209: 208: 204: 203: 188: 186: 185: 172: 159: 157:United Kingdom 146: 132: 129: 128: 124: 123: 120: 119: 118:Allied victory 116: 112: 111: 97: 95: 91: 90: 87: 79: 78: 56: 55: 44: 43: 37: 36: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9782: 9771: 9768: 9766: 9763: 9761: 9758: 9756: 9753: 9751: 9748: 9746: 9743: 9741: 9738: 9736: 9733: 9731: 9728: 9726: 9723: 9721: 9718: 9717: 9715: 9708: 9705: 9668: 9665: 9663: 9660: 9658: 9655: 9653: 9650: 9647: 9644: 9641: 9638: 9636: 9633: 9630: 9627: 9625: 9622: 9620: 9617: 9615: 9612: 9610: 9607: 9605: 9602: 9600: 9597: 9595: 9594:Atlantic Wall 9592: 9591: 9589: 9585: 9579: 9576: 9574: 9571: 9569: 9566: 9564: 9561: 9559: 9556: 9555: 9553: 9549: 9543: 9540: 9538: 9535: 9533: 9530: 9528: 9525: 9523: 9520: 9518: 9515: 9513: 9510: 9508: 9505: 9504: 9502: 9500:Gun batteries 9498: 9492: 9489: 9486: 9483: 9481: 9478: 9476: 9473: 9471: 9468: 9467: 9465: 9461: 9454: 9451: 9448: 9445: 9442: 9439: 9434: 9433:Pointe du Hoc 9431: 9430: 9428: 9425: 9422: 9419: 9418: 9416: 9404: 9397: 9394: 9391: 9388: 9385: 9382: 9379: 9376: 9373: 9370: 9367: 9364: 9361: 9358: 9355: 9352: 9349: 9346: 9345: 9343: 9339: 9332: 9329: 9326: 9323: 9320: 9317: 9314: 9311: 9308: 9305: 9302: 9299: 9296: 9293: 9290: 9287: 9284: 9281: 9278: 9277: 9273: 9270: 9267: 9264: 9261: 9258: 9255: 9252: 9249: 9246: 9243: 9240: 9237: 9234: 9231: 9228: 9225: 9222: 9219: 9216: 9213: 9211: 9208: 9205: 9202: 9199: 9196: 9195: 9193: 9189: 9185: 9181: 9180:Western Front 9173: 9168: 9166: 9161: 9159: 9154: 9153: 9150: 9137: 9133: 9130: 9126: 9123: 9122: 9117: 9110: 9109: 9106: 9093: 9089: 9086: 9082: 9079: 9075: 9074: 9072: 9068: 9063: 9059: 9058: 9056: 9055:Kuril Islands 9052: 9049: 9045: 9040: 9036: 9035: 9033: 9029: 9026: 9022: 9019: 9015: 9012: 9008: 9005: 9001: 8996: 8992: 8991: 8989: 8985: 8982: 8978: 8975: 8971: 8968: 8964: 8961: 8957: 8954: 8950: 8947: 8943: 8940: 8936: 8933: 8929: 8926: 8922: 8919: 8915: 8912: 8908: 8905: 8901: 8898: 8894: 8891: 8887: 8886: 8884: 8882: 8878: 8871: 8867: 8862: 8861: 8856: 8855: 8853: 8849: 8846: 8842: 8837: 8833: 8832: 8830: 8826: 8823: 8822:Syrmian Front 8819: 8816: 8812: 8809: 8805: 8802: 8798: 8795: 8794: 8789: 8786: 8785: 8780: 8777: 8773: 8770: 8769: 8768:Market Garden 8764: 8761: 8757: 8754: 8750: 8747: 8743: 8740: 8739: 8734: 8731: 8727: 8724: 8720: 8717: 8713: 8710: 8706: 8703: 8699: 8696: 8692: 8689: 8688: 8683: 8680: 8676: 8673: 8672: 8667: 8664: 8663: 8658: 8655: 8654: 8649: 8646: 8642: 8639: 8635: 8632: 8628: 8627:Monte Cassino 8624: 8621: 8620: 8615: 8614: 8612: 8610: 8606: 8599: 8595: 8590: 8586: 8583: 8579: 8578: 8576: 8572: 8569: 8565: 8562: 8558: 8555: 8551: 8548: 8544: 8539: 8535: 8534: 8532: 8528: 8525: 8521: 8518: 8517: 8512: 8509: 8505: 8502: 8498: 8495: 8491: 8488: 8484: 8481: 8477: 8474: 8470: 8467: 8463: 8460: 8456: 8455: 8453: 8451: 8447: 8440: 8436: 8433: 8432: 8427: 8424: 8420: 8417: 8413: 8410: 8409: 8404: 8401: 8397: 8394: 8390: 8387: 8383: 8380: 8379: 8374: 8369: 8365: 8362: 8358: 8357: 8355: 8351: 8348: 8344: 8341: 8337: 8334: 8330: 8327: 8323: 8320: 8316: 8313: 8309: 8306: 8302: 8299: 8295: 8292: 8288: 8285: 8281: 8280: 8278: 8276: 8272: 8265: 8261: 8258: 8254: 8251: 8247: 8244: 8240: 8237: 8233: 8230: 8226: 8223: 8219: 8216: 8212: 8209: 8205: 8202: 8198: 8195: 8191: 8188: 8184: 8181: 8177: 8174: 8170: 8167: 8163: 8160: 8156: 8153: 8149: 8146: 8142: 8139: 8135: 8131: 8130: 8125: 8121: 8116: 8112: 8111: 8109: 8105: 8102: 8098: 8095: 8091: 8088: 8084: 8081: 8077: 8072: 8068: 8067: 8065: 8061: 8058: 8054: 8051: 8047: 8044: 8040: 8039: 8037: 8035: 8031: 8024: 8023: 8018: 8015: 8011: 8008: 8004: 8001: 7997: 7994: 7993:Baltic states 7990: 7987: 7983: 7980: 7976: 7973: 7969: 7966: 7962: 7959: 7955: 7952: 7948: 7945: 7941: 7938: 7934: 7931: 7927: 7924: 7920: 7917: 7913: 7910: 7906: 7903: 7899: 7896: 7892: 7891: 7889: 7887: 7883: 7876: 7872: 7869: 7865: 7862: 7858: 7855: 7851: 7848: 7844: 7841: 7837: 7834: 7830: 7829: 7827: 7825: 7821: 7812: 7808: 7805: 7801: 7798: 7794: 7791: 7787: 7784: 7780: 7779: 7777: 7773: 7768: 7764: 7761: 7757: 7756: 7754: 7750: 7745: 7741: 7740: 7738: 7734: 7733: 7731: 7729: 7725: 7722: 7720: 7716: 7705: 7701: 7698: 7694: 7689: 7685: 7682: 7678: 7677: 7673: 7668: 7664: 7663: 7661: 7657: 7654: 7650: 7645: 7641: 7638: 7637:United States 7634: 7629: 7625: 7624: 7622: 7618: 7617: 7613: 7610: 7606: 7605: 7603: 7601: 7597: 7590: 7586: 7581: 7577: 7574: 7573:Quốc dân Đảng 7570: 7569: 7565: 7562: 7558: 7555: 7551: 7548: 7544: 7541: 7537: 7534: 7530: 7527: 7523: 7520: 7516: 7513: 7509: 7506: 7502: 7499: 7495: 7492: 7488: 7485: 7481: 7478: 7474: 7471: 7467: 7462: 7458: 7455: 7451: 7450: 7448: 7444: 7441: 7437: 7434: 7430: 7427: 7423: 7420: 7416: 7413: 7409: 7406: 7402: 7399: 7395: 7392: 7388: 7385: 7381: 7378: 7374: 7371: 7367: 7364: 7360: 7357: 7353: 7350: 7346: 7343: 7339: 7336: 7332: 7331: 7329: 7327: 7323: 7316: 7312: 7309: 7305: 7302: 7298: 7295: 7291: 7288: 7284: 7281: 7277: 7274: 7273:Liechtenstein 7270: 7267: 7263: 7260: 7256: 7253: 7249: 7246: 7242: 7241: 7239: 7237: 7233: 7226: 7222: 7219: 7215: 7212: 7208: 7204: 7200: 7197: 7193: 7190: 7186: 7183: 7179: 7174: 7170: 7169: 7166: 7162: 7159: 7155: 7152: 7148: 7145: 7141: 7138: 7134: 7131: 7127: 7123: 7119: 7116: 7112: 7109: 7105: 7101: 7097: 7094: 7090: 7089: 7087: 7085: 7081: 7074: 7070: 7065: 7061: 7060: 7058: 7057:United States 7054: 7049: 7045: 7044: 7042: 7038: 7035: 7031: 7028: 7024: 7021: 7017: 7014: 7010: 7007: 7003: 6999: 6995: 6991: 6988: 6984: 6981: 6977: 6974: 6970: 6967: 6963: 6960: 6956: 6953: 6949: 6946: 6942: 6939: 6935: 6931: 6927: 6923: 6920: 6916: 6913: 6909: 6906: 6902: 6899: 6895: 6891: 6887: 6883: 6879: 6875: 6872: 6868: 6865: 6861: 6858: 6854: 6851: 6847: 6844: 6840: 6837: 6833: 6829: 6825: 6821: 6818: 6814: 6811: 6807: 6804: 6800: 6797: 6793: 6792: 6790: 6788: 6784: 6781: 6779: 6775: 6762: 6758: 6755: 6751: 6748: 6747:Comfort women 6744: 6741: 6737: 6734: 6731: / 6730: 6726: 6723: 6720: / 6719: 6716: / 6715: 6711: 6708: 6707:Camp brothels 6704: 6701: 6697: 6696: 6692: 6689: 6685: 6680: 6676: 6673: 6669: 6668: 6666: 6662: 6657: 6653: 6650: 6646: 6643: 6639: 6638: 6636: 6632: 6629: 6625: 6620: 6616: 6611: 6607: 6604: 6600: 6599: 6597: 6596:The Holocaust 6593: 6590: 6586: 6583: 6582:forced labour 6579: 6578: 6576: 6572: 6567: 6563: 6560: 6556: 6553: 6549: 6548: 6546: 6542: 6541: 6539: 6537: 6533: 6526: 6522: 6519: 6515: 6512: 6508: 6503: 6499: 6496: 6492: 6489: 6485: 6482: 6478: 6477: 6475: 6471: 6468: 6467: 6462: 6459: 6458: 6453: 6450: 6446: 6443: 6439: 6436: 6435:Marshall Plan 6432: 6429: 6428: 6423: 6420: 6416: 6413: 6409: 6406: 6402: 6399: 6395: 6392: 6388: 6385: 6381: 6378: 6374: 6371: 6367: 6366: 6364: 6362: 6358: 6351: 6347: 6342: 6338: 6337: 6335: 6331: 6328: 6324: 6319: 6315: 6312: 6308: 6305: 6301: 6300: 6298: 6294: 6289: 6288:Eastern Front 6285: 6282: 6281:Western Front 6278: 6277: 6275: 6271: 6266: 6262: 6259: 6255: 6252: 6248: 6245: 6241: 6238: 6234: 6231: 6227: 6226: 6224: 6220: 6219: 6217: 6215: 6211: 6204: 6200: 6197: 6193: 6190: 6186: 6183: 6179: 6176: 6175:Puppet states 6172: 6169: 6165: 6162: 6158: 6153: 6149: 6146: 6142: 6141: 6139: 6135: 6132: 6128: 6125: 6121: 6118: 6117:Naval history 6114: 6111: 6107: 6104: 6100: 6097: 6093: 6088: 6084: 6083: 6081: 6077: 6074: 6070: 6065: 6064:United States 6061: 6058: 6054: 6051: 6047: 6046: 6044: 6040: 6037: 6033: 6030: 6026: 6023: 6019: 6016: 6012: 6009: 6005: 6002: 5998: 5993: 5989: 5988: 5986: 5982: 5981: 5979: 5977: 5973: 5970: 5966: 5959: 5955: 5952: 5948: 5943: 5939: 5936: 5932: 5929: 5925: 5924: 5920: 5915: 5911: 5910: 5908: 5904: 5901: 5897: 5896: 5893: 5889: 5882: 5877: 5875: 5870: 5868: 5863: 5862: 5859: 5853: 5850: 5847: 5843: 5842: 5838: 5836: 5833: 5831: 5828: 5826: 5823: 5821: 5818: 5816: 5813: 5811: 5807: 5804: 5801: 5799: 5796: 5794: 5791: 5789: 5786: 5785: 5767: 5763: 5759: 5758: 5753: 5742: 5738: 5731: 5730: 5724: 5720: 5714: 5710: 5705: 5704: 5693: 5687: 5683: 5678: 5674: 5668: 5664: 5659: 5655: 5649: 5645: 5640: 5639: 5626: 5621: 5617: 5613: 5609: 5602: 5587: 5583: 5577: 5569: 5567:0-7509-3017-9 5563: 5559: 5552: 5537: 5533: 5527: 5512: 5508: 5502: 5488:on 2007-12-03 5487: 5483: 5477: 5462: 5456: 5441: 5435: 5420: 5414: 5406: 5404:0-7509-3017-9 5400: 5396: 5389: 5381: 5379:0-7509-3017-9 5375: 5371: 5364: 5356: 5354:0-7509-3017-9 5350: 5346: 5339: 5331: 5329:0-7509-3017-9 5325: 5321: 5314: 5312: 5303: 5301:0-7509-3017-9 5297: 5293: 5286: 5271: 5265: 5257: 5255:9780700624942 5251: 5247: 5240: 5232: 5230:0-8117-0079-8 5226: 5222: 5215: 5200: 5194: 5179: 5173: 5171: 5162: 5156: 5148: 5144: 5138: 5136: 5134: 5132: 5130: 5128: 5126: 5124: 5122: 5120: 5104: 5097: 5095: 5079: 5072: 5057: 5050: 5035: 5029: 5014: 5008: 4993: 4987: 4972: 4966: 4951: 4945: 4930: 4924: 4909: 4903: 4888: 4882: 4867: 4861: 4846: 4839: 4824: 4819: 4818: 4811: 4809:0-7434-4974-6 4805: 4801: 4794: 4779: 4773: 4758: 4752: 4737: 4731: 4723: 4721:0-7509-3017-9 4717: 4713: 4706: 4698: 4696:0-7509-3017-9 4692: 4688: 4681: 4666: 4660: 4652: 4650:0-7509-3017-9 4646: 4642: 4635: 4620: 4614: 4599: 4593: 4585: 4583:0-7509-3017-9 4579: 4575: 4568: 4566: 4564: 4548: 4542: 4527: 4521: 4519: 4503: 4496: 4489: 4484: 4469: 4463: 4455: 4453:0-7509-3017-9 4449: 4445: 4438: 4430: 4428:0-7509-3017-9 4424: 4420: 4413: 4411: 4395: 4389: 4385: 4378: 4377: 4370: 4355: 4349: 4347: 4331: 4325: 4310: 4304: 4289: 4283: 4268: 4262: 4247: 4241: 4226: 4220: 4205: 4199: 4197: 4181: 4175: 4160: 4154: 4147: 4142: 4127: 4121: 4106: 4100: 4092: 4090:0-7434-4974-6 4086: 4082: 4078: 4072: 4064: 4062:0-304-35981-5 4058: 4054: 4050: 4049: 4041: 4027: 4023: 4017: 4002: 3996: 3981: 3975: 3973: 3957: 3951: 3936: 3930: 3915: 3909: 3907: 3898: 3896:0-7153-2553-1 3892: 3888: 3881: 3866: 3860: 3852: 3850:0-7509-3017-9 3846: 3842: 3835: 3820: 3814: 3799: 3793: 3778: 3772: 3757: 3753: 3747: 3732: 3731: 3726: 3722: 3716: 3708: 3706:1-57488-760-2 3702: 3698: 3694: 3693: 3688: 3682: 3674: 3672:0-8078-2609-X 3668: 3664: 3657: 3650: 3644: 3638: 3634: 3631: 3630: 3623: 3615: 3613:0-7509-3017-9 3609: 3605: 3598: 3590: 3588:0-7509-3017-9 3584: 3580: 3573: 3565: 3563:0-7509-3017-9 3559: 3555: 3548: 3540: 3538:0-7509-3017-9 3534: 3530: 3523: 3516: 3510: 3503: 3497: 3489: 3487:0-7509-3017-9 3483: 3479: 3472: 3453: 3447: 3439: 3437:0-7509-3017-9 3433: 3429: 3422: 3414: 3412:0-7509-3017-9 3408: 3404: 3397: 3395: 3393: 3384: 3378: 3374: 3367: 3352: 3346: 3331: 3327: 3323: 3317: 3302: 3298: 3297: 3290: 3275: 3271: 3265: 3257: 3251: 3247: 3240: 3232: 3230:0-8117-0079-8 3226: 3222: 3215: 3207: 3201: 3187:on 2007-09-28 3186: 3182: 3175: 3167: 3165:0-7509-3017-9 3161: 3157: 3150: 3148: 3139: 3137:0-7509-3017-9 3133: 3129: 3122: 3114: 3108: 3094:on 2007-04-28 3093: 3089: 3082: 3067: 3063: 3059: 3053: 3045: 3043:0-7153-2553-1 3039: 3035: 3028: 3013: 3009: 3005: 2999: 2984: 2980: 2974: 2966: 2964:0-7509-3017-9 2960: 2956: 2949: 2934: 2930: 2926: 2922: 2916: 2908: 2906:0-7509-3017-9 2902: 2898: 2891: 2877:on 2009-06-22 2876: 2872: 2868: 2867: 2862: 2856: 2842:on 2009-06-22 2841: 2837: 2833: 2832: 2827: 2821: 2813: 2807: 2803: 2796: 2789: 2784: 2777: 2773: 2767: 2763: 2750: 2744: 2734: 2730: 2715: 2712: 2709: 2708:Maisy battery 2706: 2704: 2701: 2700: 2694: 2692: 2688: 2684: 2675: 2670: 2666: 2663: 2659: 2654: 2646: 2642: 2640: 2636: 2632: 2628: 2624: 2620: 2619:Pointe du Hoc 2614: 2612: 2606: 2603: 2598: 2596: 2592: 2586: 2579: 2575: 2571: 2562: 2560: 2557: 2556:Field Marshal 2553: 2547: 2539: 2530: 2526: 2522: 2518: 2517:from 21 BDS. 2516: 2512: 2506: 2502: 2498: 2494: 2492: 2488: 2484: 2478: 2476: 2472: 2467: 2461: 2457: 2448: 2446: 2441: 2439: 2433: 2424: 2420: 2416: 2412: 2408: 2400: 2396: 2393: 2387: 2384: 2378: 2370: 2361: 2358: 2354: 2344: 2341: 2336: 2335: 2329: 2328: 2323: 2319: 2312: 2311: 2305: 2299:Naval support 2296: 2294: 2288: 2285: 2280: 2276: 2272: 2266: 2262: 2259: 2254: 2246: 2237: 2233: 2228: 2222: 2212: 2210: 2206: 2202: 2196: 2194: 2183: 2179: 2176: 2172: 2167: 2165: 2156: 2147: 2143: 2139: 2135: 2133: 2127: 2125: 2119: 2111: 2102: 2093: 2089: 2082: 2066: 2064: 2058: 2053: 2047: 2036: 2030:Tank landings 2027: 2023: 2015: 2007: 1999: 1991: 1983: 1975: 1967: 1958: 1954: 1950: 1948: 1944: 1938: 1936: 1932: 1927: 1925: 1921: 1916: 1914: 1913: 1907: 1906: 1900: 1899: 1893: 1892:Pointe-du-Hoc 1889: 1885: 1884: 1879: 1878: 1872: 1867: 1864: 1860: 1859:naval gunfire 1856: 1848: 1847: 1841: 1832: 1830: 1824: 1822: 1818: 1814: 1810: 1805: 1803: 1799: 1795: 1791: 1786: 1784: 1780: 1770: 1766: 1765: 1759: 1758: 1746: 1737: 1728: 1718: 1708: 1706: 1702: 1698: 1692: 1690: 1686: 1682: 1677: 1673: 1668: 1666: 1662: 1661:Pointe du Hoc 1658: 1654: 1650: 1646: 1642: 1638: 1634: 1630: 1626: 1621: 1619: 1618: 1612: 1607: 1603: 1599: 1595: 1585: 1576: 1573: 1568: 1564: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1550: 1546: 1542: 1537: 1533: 1529: 1525: 1524: 1523:Volksdeutsche 1519: 1515: 1511: 1503: 1499: 1495: 1493: 1492:flanking fire 1488: 1484: 1480: 1477:) armed with 1476: 1472: 1468: 1464: 1460: 1456: 1452: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1434: 1432: 1428: 1424: 1420: 1419:Belgian Gates 1416: 1408: 1404: 1400: 1395: 1391: 1388: 1382: 1380: 1376: 1372: 1368: 1364: 1360: 1356: 1352: 1343: 1334: 1331: 1330:landing craft 1327: 1323: 1319: 1314: 1312: 1307: 1305: 1301: 1300:Pointe du Hoc 1297: 1293: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1277: 1273: 1268: 1266: 1262: 1258: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1242: 1238: 1237:Baie de Seine 1234: 1230: 1226: 1222: 1218: 1214: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1194: 1189: 1187: 1183: 1179: 1165: 1162: 1161: 1160: 1159: 1152: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1141: 1140: 1136: 1134: 1133: 1129: 1127: 1126: 1122: 1120: 1119: 1115: 1113: 1112: 1108: 1106: 1105: 1101: 1099: 1098: 1094: 1092: 1091: 1087: 1085: 1084: 1080: 1079: 1078: 1077: 1071: 1068: 1066: 1063: 1061: 1058: 1056: 1053: 1051: 1048: 1047: 1046: 1045: 1039: 1036: 1034: 1031: 1029: 1026: 1024: 1021: 1019: 1016: 1014: 1011: 1009: 1006: 1004: 1001: 999: 998: 994: 992: 991: 987: 983: 980: 979: 978: 977: 973: 971: 970: 966: 964: 963: 959: 957: 956: 952: 951: 950: 949: 943: 940: 938: 937: 933: 931: 930: 926: 924: 921: 919: 918: 914: 912: 911: 907: 905: 904: 900: 898: 897: 893: 891: 890: 886: 884: 881: 877: 876:Ardenne Abbey 874: 873: 872: 869: 865: 862: 860: 857: 856: 855: 854: 850: 848: 845: 843: 840: 839: 838: 831: 828: 827: 826: 823: 819: 816: 815: 814: 811: 809: 806: 804: 801: 799: 796: 794: 791: 790: 789: 786: 778: 775: 773: 770: 769: 768: 765: 761: 758: 757: 756: 753: 752: 751: 750: 744: 741: 739: 736: 734: 731: 729: 726: 724: 723: 719: 718: 717: 712: 711:Pointe du Hoc 709: 707: 704: 702: 699: 698: 697: 694: 693: 686: 683: 681: 678: 676: 673: 671: 668: 666: 663: 662: 661: 660: 659: 652: 651: 647: 643: 640: 638: 635: 634: 633: 632: 628: 627: 626: 623: 617: 614: 612: 609: 607: 606: 602: 600: 599: 595: 593: 590: 588: 585: 583: 580: 576: 573: 571: 570: 566: 564: 563: 559: 557: 556: 552: 551: 550: 549: 545: 543: 542:Atlantic Wall 540: 539: 538: 533: 526: 516: 511: 509: 504: 502: 497: 496: 493: 484: 481: 480: 475: 460:35 pillboxes 455: 451:13 destroyers 444: 443: 438: 433: 430: 428: 425: 423: 420: 419: 413: 408: 407: 406: 404: 399: 394: 392: 387: 381: 376: 370: 365: 359: 354: 348: 343: 337: 332: 324: 321: 319: 316: 314: 311: 310: 307: 297: 296: 295: 294: 289: 277: 267: 265: 254: 243: 232: 221: 211: 210: 205: 201: 189: 184: 173: 171: 160: 158: 147: 145: 144:United States 134: 133: 131: 130: 125: 117: 114: 113: 108: 104: 100: 96: 93: 92: 88: 85: 84: 80: 77: 73: 69: 68: 62: 57: 54: 50: 45: 40: 33: 19: 9677: 9551:Other places 9426: 9362:(UK, Canada) 9275: 9184:World War II 9129:Bibliography 9112: 8925:Project Hula 8890:Vistula–Oder 8859: 8792: 8783: 8767: 8737: 8686: 8670: 8661: 8652: 8618: 8515: 8430: 8406: 8376: 8127: 8020: 7965:North Africa 7667:Soviet Union 7621:Soviet Union 7547:Soviet Union 7315:Vatican City 7225:Vichy France 7130:German Reich 7027:Soviet Union 7013:South Africa 7006:Sierra Leone 6959:Newfoundland 6778:Participants 6761:Marocchinate 6465: 6456: 6426: 6304:North Africa 6265:Indian Ocean 6124:Nazi plunder 6015:Cryptography 5888:World War II 5839: 5769:. Retrieved 5756: 5744:. Retrieved 5728: 5708: 5681: 5662: 5643: 5615: 5611: 5601: 5589:. Retrieved 5585: 5576: 5557: 5551: 5540:. Retrieved 5536:the original 5526: 5515:. Retrieved 5511:the original 5501: 5490:. Retrieved 5486:the original 5476: 5465:. Retrieved 5455: 5444:. Retrieved 5434: 5423:. Retrieved 5413: 5394: 5388: 5369: 5363: 5344: 5338: 5319: 5291: 5285: 5274:. Retrieved 5264: 5245: 5239: 5220: 5214: 5203:. Retrieved 5193: 5182:. Retrieved 5155: 5146: 5107:. Retrieved 5082:. Retrieved 5071: 5060:. Retrieved 5049: 5038:. Retrieved 5028: 5017:. Retrieved 5007: 4996:. Retrieved 4986: 4975:. Retrieved 4965: 4954:. Retrieved 4944: 4933:. Retrieved 4923: 4912:. Retrieved 4902: 4891:. Retrieved 4881: 4870:. Retrieved 4860: 4849:. Retrieved 4838: 4827:. Retrieved 4815: 4799: 4793: 4782:. Retrieved 4772: 4761:. Retrieved 4751: 4740:. Retrieved 4730: 4711: 4705: 4686: 4680: 4669:. Retrieved 4659: 4640: 4634: 4623:. Retrieved 4613: 4602:. Retrieved 4592: 4573: 4551:. Retrieved 4541: 4530:. Retrieved 4506:. Retrieved 4495: 4483: 4472:. Retrieved 4462: 4443: 4437: 4418: 4397:. Retrieved 4375: 4369: 4358:. Retrieved 4334:. Retrieved 4324: 4313:. Retrieved 4303: 4292:. Retrieved 4282: 4271:. Retrieved 4261: 4250:. Retrieved 4240: 4229:. Retrieved 4219: 4208:. Retrieved 4184:. Retrieved 4174: 4163:. Retrieved 4153: 4141: 4130:. Retrieved 4120: 4109:. Retrieved 4099: 4080: 4071: 4047: 4040: 4029:. Retrieved 4025: 4016: 4005:. Retrieved 3995: 3984:. Retrieved 3960:. Retrieved 3950: 3939:. Retrieved 3929: 3918:. Retrieved 3886: 3880: 3869:. Retrieved 3859: 3840: 3834: 3823:. Retrieved 3813: 3802:. Retrieved 3792: 3781:. Retrieved 3771: 3759:. Retrieved 3746: 3734:. Retrieved 3730:The Atlantic 3728: 3715: 3691: 3681: 3662: 3656: 3648: 3643: 3636: 3632: 3628: 3622: 3603: 3597: 3578: 3572: 3553: 3547: 3528: 3522: 3514: 3509: 3501: 3496: 3477: 3471: 3459:. Retrieved 3457:. Royal Navy 3446: 3427: 3421: 3402: 3372: 3366: 3355:. Retrieved 3345: 3334:. 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In 1988, 2679: 2661: 2655: 2651: 2615: 2607: 2599: 2587: 2583: 2552:Omar Bradley 2548: 2544: 2527: 2523: 2519: 2507: 2503: 2499: 2495: 2479: 2462: 2458: 2454: 2443:At midnight 2442: 2434: 2430: 2421: 2417: 2413: 2409: 2405: 2388: 2379: 2375: 2350: 2339: 2333: 2326: 2315: 2309: 2289: 2273:and Captain 2267: 2263: 2255: 2251: 2234: 2230: 2224: 2220: 2215:Breakthrough 2197: 2189: 2180: 2168: 2161: 2144: 2140: 2136: 2128: 2120: 2116: 2099: 2090: 2086: 2059: 2055: 2049: 2044: 2033: 2024: 2020: 1955: 1951: 1946: 1942: 1939: 1928: 1917: 1911: 1904: 1897: 1887: 1882: 1876: 1868: 1863:John L. 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