814:
823:
721:
495:
1041:
388:
955:
58:
273:
4008:
649:
879:
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451:, had been raised as Protestants. British Protestants had expected Mary, from his father's first marriage, to succeed their father. This possibility had kept Protestants somewhat content, with his rule a temporary inconvenience. Now that Mary or Anne's succession was in doubt with this new Catholic son and heir, discontent grew, already stoked by James II's actions which had alienated Tory Anglicans who had previously been inclined to honour him as sovereign even if they differed in religion. This movement would become the
4754:
976:
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correspondence with him. They both stated to James that his conversion to
Protestantism would facilitate his accession. However, James, a devout Catholic, replied to Torcy: "I have chosen my own course, therefore it is for others to change their sentiments." In March came James's refusal to convert, following which Harley and Bolingbroke reached the opinion that James's accession was not feasible, though they maintained their correspondence with him.
3329:
972:, but the offer was never formally made to James. Several separate plans also involved Charles being given control of a French-backed independent Ireland, though that too was aborted after Charles showed up at a meeting with the French to discuss the plan late, argumentative, and idealistic in expectations, so that the French dismissed the possibility of Jacobite assistance.
467:, which Louis XIV had turned over to the exiled James II. Both the ex-king and his family were held in great consideration by the French king (who was his first cousin), and they were frequent visitors at Versailles where Louis XIV and his court treated them as ruling monarchs. In June 1692 his sister
429:
His birth was unexpected, coming five years after his mother's tenth and last pregnancy, none of which produced a child that survived more than a few days. The birth reignited controversies of religion, as the new son would be raised
Catholic. Wild rumours spread among British Anglicans: that the
1015:
Following James's death the pope refused to recognise the claim to the
British and Irish thrones of his elder son Charles, which had severely exacerbated the hostility between England and the Catholic Church. Instead, from 14 January 1766, in stages over the following decade, Rome accepted the
619:
Queen Anne became severely ill at
Christmas 1713 and seemed close to death. In January 1714, she recovered but clearly had little time to live. Through de Torcy and his London agent, Abbé François Gaultier, Harley maintained the correspondence with James and Bolingbroke entered into a separate
942:
of 1745. With the failure of this second rebellion, the Stuart hopes of regaining the
British throne were effectively destroyed. James and Charles later clashed repeatedly, and relations between them broke down completely when James played a role in the appointment of his son
604:, in which he claimed to desire James's accession to the throne should James convert to Protestantism. A year later, however, the British government pushed for James's expulsion from France as a precondition for a peace treaty with France. In accordance with the
459:
landed in
England, backed by an army of English and Scottish exiles, as well as Dutch soldiers. Much of the English army promptly defected to William's cause, causing James II and his family to flee rather than stay and fight.
2771:
442:
years earlier. In an attempt to quash these rumours, James published the testimonies of over seventy witnesses to the birth. The line of succession to the throne was thrust into doubt. James II's eldest legitimate daughters,
967:
After the 1745 rising, there were no other plots to restore the Stuart dynasty except for when, in 1759, the French government briefly considered a scheme to have James (then aged 70) crowned King of
Ireland as part of
767:
Further efforts to restore the
Stuarts to the British throne were planned. In 1719 a major expedition left Spain but was forced to turn back due to weather. A small landing took place in the Scottish Highlands, but the
635:
as George I. James denounced him, noting "we have beheld a foreign family, aliens to our country, distant in blood, and strangers even to our language, ascend the throne". Following George's coronation in
October 1714,
794:, regardless of political affiliation. For many, it functioned as an unofficial consulate. Those in need of medical attention preferred being treated by one of their own countrymen. In 1735 court physicians tended to
776:. James had gone to Spain in the hope he could take part in the invasion, but following its abandonment was forced to return to Italy. A further attempt was planned in 1722, but following the exposure of the
2472:
2733:
1024:
in
Britain and Ireland. Two months after James's death, on 14 March, the royal arms of England were removed from the doorway of the Palazzo Muti. In 1792, the papacy specifically referred to
3081:
805:
James remained well-treated in Rome until his death. He was allowed to hold Protestant services at Court, and was given land where his Protestant adherents could receive a public burial.
2607:
Depositions Taken the 22d. of October 1688. before the Privy-Council and Peers of England; Relating to the Birth of the (then) Prince of Wales. Published by His Majesty's Special Command
4043:
438:. Protestants found it suspicious that everyone attending the birth was Catholic. Another rumour was that James II had not been the father; he was said to be impotent after a bout with
3120:
813:
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James served for a time as a volunteer in the French army, as his father had done during the interregnum. Between August and September 1710, Queen Anne appointed a new
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on 5 February 1716. The abandonment of his rebel allies caused ill-feeling against him in Scotland; nor was he welcomed on his return to France. His patron,
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764:. Such help enabled him to organise a Jacobite court at Rome, where, although he lived in splendour, he continued to suffer from fits of melancholy.
601:
3077:
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272:
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On 9 December, Mary of Modena disguised herself as a laundress and escaped with the infant James to France. Young James was brought up at the
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700:, had died on 1 September 1715, and the French government found him a political embarrassment. When France, hitherto his main protector,
631:, a German-speaking Lutheran who was the closest Protestant relative of the now-deceased Queen Anne, became king of the recently created
5790:
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After a lingering illness, James died aged 77 on 1 January 1766, at his home, the Palazzo Muti in Rome, and was buried in the crypt of
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aimed at putting "James III and VIII" on the throne. On 22 December 1715, James reached Scotland after the Jacobite defeats at the
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609:
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as the legitimate rulers of Britain and Ireland; this was accompanied by a gradual relaxation and reform of the anti-Catholic
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and soon fell ill with fever, his illness made more severe by the icy Scottish winter. In January 1716, he set up court at
582:
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872:
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5577:
5500:
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5341:
5326:
5292:
4902:
4652:
4355:
3727:
951:, ending the possibility that he would produce a legitimate heir, infuriating Charles, who had not been consulted.
589:
5608:
5510:
5444:
5387:
5362:
5271:
4818:
4791:
4529:
4145:
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863:, was at one time suggested as a wife for James, but nothing came of it. In March 1717, while James was visiting
483:
860:
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5245:
5204:
4227:
4108:
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3575:
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1003:. His claimed reign had lasted for 64 years, 3 months and 16 days, longer than any British monarch until Queen
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348:
17:
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in England to visit him. Learning of the approach of government forces, he returned to France, sailing from
5775:
5725:
5613:
5377:
5199:
4093:
3927:
3648:
1696:
787:, for his British supporters and members of his court, none of which have ever been recognised in Britain.
554:
448:
57:
3247:
1040:
5569:
5525:
5408:
4186:
317:
783:
In exercise of his pretended position, James purported to create titles of nobility, now referred to as
5755:
5750:
5235:
4948:
4940:
4784:
4692:
4684:
4522:
4405:
4395:
4073:
3668:
3592:
3441:
2357:
1887:
919:
530:
475:
434:, and that the baby feted as the new prince was an impostor smuggled into the royal birth chamber in a
31:
3348:
3229:
3034:
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5745:
4220:
4175:
4160:
3957:
3932:
3882:
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3712:
3663:
2086:
1734:
890:
883:
628:
180:
5770:
5740:
5670:
5623:
5066:
4996:
4740:
4475:
4078:
3837:
3777:
3538:
709:
673:
632:
5830:
4636:
4620:
4556:
4325:
4265:
4155:
3912:
3857:
3792:
3747:
3732:
3702:
2755:
1128:
The British monarchs of the House of Stuart, their relations, and the transition to the Hanovers
992:
980:
939:
769:
661:
372:
364:
360:
166:
5825:
5194:
5153:
4180:
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3256:. Translated by des Maizeaux. London: J. and J. Knapton, J. Darby, A. Battesworth. p. 106.
3059:
1660:
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518:
456:
333:
329:
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as the "King of Great Britain and Ireland", which elicited a protest from James's younger son
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216:
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131:
107:
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5403:
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2765:
1966:
1282:
1021:
773:
685:
557:
as legitimate sovereigns. As a result of his claiming his father's lost thrones, James was
332:
became co-monarchs. As a Catholic, he was subsequently excluded from the succession by the
8:
5633:
5559:
5439:
5321:
5276:
5148:
4826:
4580:
4122:
3762:
3757:
3631:
3617:
3612:
3587:
3570:
3531:
3468:
3462:
2942:
Mélanges de l'École française de Rome – Italie et Méditerranée modernes et contemporaines
2118:
2024:
1725:
1482:
1069:
868:
542:
514:
468:
452:
403:
352:
301:
297:
241:
96:
3356:
2730:"'James Francis Edward Stuart, styled James VIII and III', The University of Nottingham"
878:
561:
for treason in London on 2 March 1702, and his titles were forfeited under English law.
5603:
5158:
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4285:
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4007:
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put an end to the engagement to preserve his relations with Hanover and Great Britain.
624:
550:
538:
534:
507:
444:
325:
293:
289:
135:
63:
3147:
2835:
Three Victories and a Defeat: The Rise and Fall of the First British Empire, 1714–1783
5530:
3822:
3772:
3752:
3737:
3658:
3307:
3279:] (in Italian). Vol. XIX. presso Gio. Battista Missiaglia. 1824. p. 61.
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intercepted the French ships, which, combined with bad weather, prevented a landing.
522:
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3339:
3197:
2945:
2708:
2325:
1017:
784:
705:
637:
503:
439:
419:
415:
347:, when his father died in September 1701 James claimed the thrones. As part of the
5104:
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4243:
3496:
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1998:
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48:
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2595:, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, May 2012, accessed 23 June 2013.
2240:
898:
799:
753:
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1085:
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996:
947:
as a cardinal. Henry then took holy orders, which required him to maintain
756:, like his predecessor, showed much support. Thanks to his friend Cardinal
749:
729:
681:
612:, the Secretary of State, colluded with the French in exiling James to the
526:
414:. As the eldest surviving son of the reigning monarch he was automatically
155:
151:
30:"Chevalier de St. George" redirects here. For composer and conductor, see
4988:
4980:
4732:
4724:
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897:
of Poland. The wedding was held in the chapel of the Episcopal Palace in
790:
The court-in-exile became a popular stop for English travellers making a
761:
435:
2949:
2773:
Histoire Militaire du Règne de Louis-le-Grand, Roi de France. Huit tômes
513:
On his father's death in 1701, James was proclaimed as rightful king by
4964:
4708:
4628:
4435:
4415:
4335:
3602:
3554:
1025:
912:(31 December 1720 – 31 January 1788), nicknamed "Bonnie Prince Charlie"
791:
745:
321:
78:
2677:
Princess Louisa Maria Theresa Stuart (1692–1712), Daughter of James II
4956:
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4644:
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3453:
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558:
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or Palazzo del Re in Rome as his residence, which he accepted. Pope
5021:
4972:
4716:
4604:
4445:
4305:
4212:
4033:
948:
313:
3106:
The Last of the Royal Stuarts: Henry Stuart, Cardinal Duke of York
2776:(in French). Vol. 6. Paris: Denis Mariette. pp. 197, 202
4878:
2769:
934:
Following James's failure, attention turned to his son Charles, "
902:
733:
689:
570:
284:(10 June 1688 – 1 January 1766) was the
226:
3328:
2413:
Correspondence with James the Pretender (High Treason) Act 1701
864:
741:
737:
340:
1044:
Coat of arms of James Francis Edward Stuart as Prince of Wales
3523:
3295:
King James the Third of England: A Study of Kingship in Exile
3202:
Lines of Succession: Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe
344:
2923:
The Location of the Stuart Court in Rome: The Palazzo Del Re
3673:
3011:
2902:
517:, despite having previously recognised the legitimacy of
398:
James Francis Edward Stuart was born on 10 June 1688, at
3204:(2nd ed.). London: Little, Brown. pp. 27, 50.
979:
Tomb of James Francis Edward Stuart and his two sons in
728:
After the unsuccessful invasion of 1715, James lived in
623:
As a result, in August 1714, James's second cousin, the
2878:
2637:. The Stuart Succession Project. University of Exeter.
359:
on his behalf. This failed, as did further attempts in
2469:"'Prince James Francis Edward', The British Monarchy"
1088:
consisting of those of the kingdom, differenced by a
796:
Edmund Sheffield, 2nd Duke of Buckingham and Normanby
2925:. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 180–205.
2890:
2689:
760:, James was granted a life annuity of 12,000 Roman
660:In the following year, Jacobites started uprisings
474:He later received a military education overseen by
300:from 1701 until his death in 1766. The only son of
3304:A Court in Exile: The Stuarts in France, 1689–1718
2415:, Parliament's response to his claim to the throne
3246:
3242:
3240:
3238:
3054:
3052:
2551:William III & Mary II: Partners in Revolution
5682:
596:, who entered into a secret correspondence with
3349:Portraits of Prince James Francis Edward Stuart
2768:, using the pseudonym Chevalier de St. George.
3235:
3148:"Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family"
3060:"Stuart Nomination to Irish Sees (1686–1766.)"
3049:
5037:
4792:
4530:
4228:
3539:
3192:
3145:
2938:"The Stuart-Sobieska opera patronage in Rome"
2724:
2722:
2720:
2718:
1114:
5546:Charles James, Duke of Cornwall and Rothesay
3265:
3263:
2848:Jacobitism and the English People, 1688–1788
2794:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
854:
5555:Mary, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange
2850:. Cambridge University Press, 1993. p. 173
2421:, used to cure scrofula ('the King's Evil')
1465:Mary, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange
581:on 23 March 1708. The fleet of Admiral Sir
375:was the last serious effort to restore the
5044:
5030:
4799:
4785:
4537:
4523:
4235:
4221:
3546:
3532:
3355:
2770:Quincy, Charles Sevin, marquis de (1726).
2715:
1121:
1107:
652:The Old Pretender lands in Scotland after
489:
56:
3637:"James III & VIII", The Old Pretender
3260:
2935:
2748:
1032:, who was by then the Jacobite claimant.
569:Though delayed in France by an attack of
5347:Annabella, Countess of Geneva and Huntly
3188:
3186:
3184:
3182:
3180:
3178:
3121:"The Prince of Wales – Previous Princes"
3113:
2686:at npg.org.uk (accessed 8 February 2008)
2629:
2627:
2625:
2541:
2539:
2537:
1916:Ancestors of James Francis Edward Stuart
1039:
974:
953:
929:
877:
719:
647:
493:
386:
5182:, first monarch of the House of Stewart
3102:
2986:
2984:
2593:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
2463:
2461:
1010:
845:
724:Coloured portrait of James as young man
195: 1719; died 1735)
14:
5683:
5650:Charles Edward "Bonnie Prince Charlie"
5178:The generations indicate descent from
3277:Universal ancient and modern biography
3172:Gregg, pp. x–xi; Somerset, pp. viii–ix
3123:. Princeofwales.gov.uk. Archived from
2808:
2576:
2574:
2572:
2570:
2545:
2282:
2162:
2158:
2148:
2040:
1930:
1926:
1007:'s reign surpassed it on 23 May 2016.
736:(April 1716 – February 1717), then at
382:
5801:People of the Jacobite rising of 1715
5629:James Francis Edward, Prince of Wales
5485:James VI of Scotland and I of England
5025:
4806:
4780:
4544:
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3527:
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3272:Biografia universale antica e moderna
3253:The works of Monsieur de St. Evremond
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316:father was deposed and exiled in the
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3109:. London: Methuen. pp. 212–214.
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2920:
2809:Massie, Allan (2010). "Chapter 16".
2695:
2458:
2567:
1519:Ernest Augustus, Elector of Hanover
893:(1702–1735), granddaughter of King
889:On 3 September 1719, James married
24:
5781:English people of Scottish descent
5008:
4752:
4488:
3642:"Charles III", The Young Pretender
3154:from the original on 13 March 2017
2183:Francesco I d'Este, Duke of Modena
1857:Prince William, Duke of Gloucester
1317:Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia
918:(11 March 1725 – 13 July 1807), a
867:, he became engaged to his cousin
744:(July 1717 – November 1718). Pope
602:French Minister of Foreign Affairs
88:16 September 1701 – 1 January 1766
25:
5842:
5791:English people of Italian descent
5521:Robert, Duke of Kintyre and Lorne
4044:Habeas Corpus Suspension Act 1715
3353:National Portrait Gallery, London
3321:
2936:Blichmann, Diana (30 June 2019).
2736:from the original on 4 March 2016
2659:Frequent mentions throughout the
2641:from the original on 4 March 2016
2475:from the original on 4 March 2016
2209:Alfonso IV d'Este, Duke of Modena
1652:James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth
1084:As Prince of Wales, James bore a
715:
640:broke out in provincial England.
564:
5786:English people of French descent
5761:Heirs apparent who never acceded
5721:18th-century Jacobite pretenders
5501:Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales
4089:Heritable Jurisdictions Act 1746
4006:
3327:
3084:from the original on 10 May 2017
2582:James Francis Edward (1688–1766)
821:
812:
465:Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye
271:
5816:Children of James II of England
5811:Burials at St. Peter's Basilica
5322:Eleanor, Archduchess of Austria
5251:Elizabeth, Countess of Crawford
3968:Raids on Lochaber and Shiramore
3342:at the official website of the
3218:
3166:
3139:
3096:
3070:
3040:
3023:
2994:The Stuarts in Italy, 1719–1766
2972:
2929:
2914:
2853:
2840:
2827:
2802:
2701:
2670:
1895:
1742:
1704:
1686:
1668:
1490:
1454:
1290:
1169:
905:. By his wife he had two sons:
704:, this effectively secured the
533:also recognised him as king of
192:
5806:Lord high stewards of Scotland
4109:Old military roads of Scotland
3923:War of the Austrian Succession
3893:Capture of Eilean Donan Castle
3576:Independent Highland Companies
3553:
3306:. Cambridge University Press.
2997:. Cambridge University Press.
2653:
2598:
2553:. Allen Lane. pp. 25–36.
2505:
2487:
2432:
962:
643:
27:Jacobite pretender (1688–1766)
13:
1:
5706:17th-century English nobility
5583:Henrietta, Duchess of Orléans
5317:Isabella, Duchess of Brittany
5285:Margaret, Countess of Douglas
5220:Isabella, Countess of Douglas
4104:Traitors Transported Act 1746
3868:War of the Quadruple Alliance
2635:"James Francis Edward Stuart"
2452:
1326:Frederick V of the Palatinate
1001:Monument to the Royal Stuarts
999:. His grave is marked by the
970:their plans to invade Britain
499:
349:War of the Spanish Succession
67:
5736:Heirs to the Scottish throne
5614:Anne, Queen of Great Britain
5312:Margaret, Dauphine of France
3659:Sophie, Electress of Hanover
3367:James Francis Edward Stuart
2861:"A Stuart among the Quakers"
1090:label argent of three points
861:Philippe II, Duke of Orléans
798:, and thirty years later to
656:. An 18th-century engraving.
62:Portrait from the studio of
7:
5731:Heirs to the English throne
5716:18th-century British people
5711:17th-century Scottish peers
5691:James Francis Edward Stuart
5506:Elizabeth, Queen of Bohemia
5332:Alexander, Duke of Rothesay
5236:Marjorie, Countess of Moray
5231:Margaret, Lady of the Isles
4099:Treason Outlawries Act 1748
3340:Prince James Francis Edward
3334:James Francis Edward Stuart
2406:
2145:James Francis Edward Stuart
1715:James Francis Edward Stuart
1095:
958:Portrait of James from 1748
688:, a half-sister, came from
318:Glorious Revolution of 1688
288:claimant to the thrones of
282:James Francis Edward Stuart
42:James Francis Edward Stuart
10:
5847:
5599:Charles, Duke of Cambridge
3593:Wars of the Three Kingdoms
3286:
3248:de Saint-Évremond, Charles
3080:. www.stewartsociety.org.
2301:14. Hierronymus Martinozzi
2276:
2160:
2034:
1928:
1055:
422:at birth, and was created
32:Chevalier de Saint-Georges
29:
5667:
5642:
5591:
5578:Henry, Duke of Gloucester
5539:
5493:
5477:
5453:
5422:
5396:
5373:Alexander, Duke of Albany
5355:
5304:
5264:
5241:David, Earl of Strathearn
5210:Alexander, Earl of Buchan
5187:
5176:
5167:
5149:Stewart of Castle Stewart
5133:
5059:
5006:
4814:
4763:
4750:
4552:
4499:
4486:
4250:
4121:
4066:
4026:
4017:
4004:
3976:
3911:
3856:
3791:
3713:Williamite War in Ireland
3701:
3692:
3561:
3512:
3475:
3459:
3452:
3433:
3416:
3399:
3392:
3365:
3103:Vaughan, Herbert (1906).
2343:
2335:
2307:
2288:
2284:
2248:
2226:
2218:
2190:
2168:
2164:
2126:
2104:
2096:
2087:Henrietta Maria of France
2068:
2046:
2042:
2006:
1984:
1976:
1948:
1932:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1813:
1811:
1803:
1799:
1797:
1795:
1791:
1783:
1781:
1751:
1675:
1644:
1642:
1638:
1636:
1634:
1628:
1626:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1608:
1604:
1596:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1576:
1572:
1566:
1554:
1552:
1544:
1542:
1515:
1497:
1479:
1439:
1431:
1429:
1427:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1413:
1411:
1409:
1399:
1395:
1375:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1357:
1355:
1353:
1351:
1349:
1322:
1279:
1258:
1256:
1254:
1252:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1228:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1214:
1212:
1206:
1204:
1202:
891:Maria Clementina Sobieska
884:Maria Clementina Sobieska
851:Louise Adélaïde d'Orléans
758:Filippo Antonio Gualterio
545:and refused to recognise
267:
257:
247:
237:
225:
202:
181:Maria Clementina Sobieska
174:
161:
141:
118:
114:
102:
92:
84:
77:
55:
46:
41:
5624:Edgar, Duke of Cambridge
5609:James, Duke of Cambridge
5435:Arthur, Duke of Rothesay
5342:Mary, Countess of Buchan
5327:Joan, Countess of Morton
5293:Elizabeth, Lady Dalkeith
5067:High Steward of Scotland
4079:Act of Proscription 1746
3878:Marquess of Tullibardine
2991:Corp, Edward T. (2011).
2425:
986:
710:Kingdom of Great Britain
674:Battle of Preston (1715)
633:Kingdom of Great Britain
577:, trying to land at the
402:, first and only son of
391:James Francis Edward as
5796:English Roman Catholics
5766:People from Westminster
5619:Charles, Duke of Kendal
5461:James, Duke of Rothesay
5445:Alexander, Duke of Ross
5430:James, Duke of Rothesay
5363:Mary, Countess of Arran
5289:Mary, Countess of Angus
5272:David, Duke of Rothesay
4266:Edward the Black Prince
3883:General Joseph Wightman
3748:Battle of Killiecrankie
3302:Corp, Edward T (2009).
3230:Encyclopædia Britannica
3035:Encyclopædia Britannica
2587:29 January 2017 at the
1079:
770:Jacobite rising of 1719
672:(13 November 1715) and
490:Struggle for the throne
367:. Led by his elder son
5465:Robert, Duke of Albany
5246:Walter, Earl of Atholl
5215:Elizabeth, Lady Erroll
5205:Robert, Duke of Albany
5195:Robert III of Scotland
5154:Stewart of Balquhidder
5013:
4757:
4493:
3953:Battle of Falkirk Muir
3768:Declaration of Finglas
3654:Act of Settlement 1701
3064:www.libraryireland.com
3020:, pp. 98–99, 103.
2521:Women in World History
1045:
983:
959:
886:
871:, but her father Duke
856:Mademoiselle d'Orléans
855:
725:
657:
592:administration led by
510:
502:1703, portrait in the
482:, two veterans of the
395:
334:Act of Settlement 1701
5368:James III of Scotland
5180:Robert II of Scotland
5012:
4756:
4506:Principality of Wales
4492:
4296:Edward of Westminster
3943:Battle of Prestonpans
3903:Battle of Coille Bhan
3888:Anglo-French Alliance
3848:Battle of Sheriffmuir
3813:1715 general election
3516:Charles Edward Stuart
3478:— TITULAR —
3293:Bevan, Bryan (1967).
2921:Corp, Edward (2010).
2712:: "Duke of Cornwall".
2682:20 April 2008 at the
2580:James Edward Gregg, '
1877:Henry Benedict Stuart
1869:"the Young Pretender"
1866:Charles Edward Stuart
1172: 1567/1603–1625
1043:
978:
957:
930:Bonnie Prince Charlie
916:Henry Benedict Stuart
910:Charles Edward Stuart
881:
837:Henry Benedict Stuart
833:Charles Edward Stuart
723:
708:'s monarchy over the
670:Battle of Sheriffmuir
651:
498:James Francis Edward
497:
406:and his second wife,
390:
369:Charles Edward Stuart
304:and his second wife,
217:Henry Benedict Stuart
212:Charles Edward Stuart
5655:Henry, Cardinal York
5634:Louisa Maria Theresa
5516:Charles I of England
5469:Mary, Queen of Scots
5404:James IV of Scotland
5378:David, Earl of Moray
5337:James II of Scotland
5256:Egidia, Lady Douglas
5200:Walter, Earl of Fife
5145:Stewart of Ballechin
4256:Edward of Caernarfon
4131:"James III and VIII"
3898:Battle of Glen Shiel
3683:Royal Stuart Society
3679:Neo-Jacobite Revival
3623:William III & II
3336:at Wikimedia Commons
2911:, pp. 102, 110.
2766:Battle of Malplaquet
2758:James rode with the
2495:"The Two Pretenders"
1967:Charles I of England
1070:Knight of the Garter
1011:End of papal support
993:St. Peter's Basilica
981:St. Peter's Basilica
846:Marriage and progeny
780:it came to nothing.
774:Battle of Glen Shiel
772:was defeated at the
339:Raised primarily in
167:St. Peter's Basilica
5776:Princes of Scotland
5726:Jacobite pretenders
5440:James V of Scotland
5409:James, Duke of Ross
5277:James I of Scotland
4316:Edward of Middleham
4276:Richard of Bordeaux
4123:Jacobite succession
3763:Battle of the Boyne
3758:Massacre of Glencoe
3743:General Hugh Mackay
3632:Jacobite succession
3618:Glorious Revolution
3588:Union of the Crowns
3505:Jacobite succession
3469:deposed from throne
3146:Francois R. Velde.
3046:McLynn (1759) p. 81
2950:10.4000/mefrim.6296
2846:Paul Kleber Monod.
2661:Duke of Saint-Simon
2513:Mary II (1662–1694)
2511:Margaret McIntyre,
2444:King over the Water
2025:James II of England
1726:Louisa Maria Stuart
1718:"the Old Pretender"
936:the Young Pretender
702:allied with Britain
608:(1713), Harley and
515:Louis XIV of France
453:Glorious Revolution
404:James II of England
383:Birth and childhood
357:landing in Scotland
353:Louis XIV of France
312:and heir until his
302:James II of England
242:James II of England
5159:Stewart of Darnley
5014:
4758:
4494:
4058:Indemnity Act 1717
4049:Disarming Act 1715
3963:Battle of Culloden
3958:Siege of Inverness
3938:Duke of Cumberland
3928:Lord George Murray
3843:Siege of Inverness
3783:Treaty of Limerick
3723:King William's War
3613:James II & VII
3463:James II & VII
3454:Titles in pretence
3438:Title next held by
3412:(later Charles II)
3404:Title last held by
3127:on 11 October 2008
2978:Per Edward T. Corp
2944:(131–1): 177–200.
2887:, pp. 92, 96.
2865:journals.sas.ac.uk
2837:. Penguin, 2008.
2523:, vol. 10 (2001),
2061:Henry IV of France
1941:James I of England
1048:James was created
1046:
1036:Titles and honours
1018:Hanoverian dynasty
984:
960:
887:
831:James's two sons,
748:offered James the
726:
706:Hanoverian dynasty
658:
625:Elector of Hanover
575:attempted invasion
511:
508:Alexis Simon Belle
400:St. James's Palace
396:
136:Kingdom of England
132:St. James's Palace
79:Jacobite pretender
64:Alexis Simon Belle
5756:Dukes of Rothesay
5751:Dukes of Cornwall
5678:
5677:
5663:
5662:
5414:John, Earl of Mar
5383:John, Earl of Mar
5019:
5018:
4808:Dukes of Rothesay
4774:
4773:
4546:Dukes of Cornwall
4512:
4511:
4286:Henry of Monmouth
4210:
4209:
4171:"Robert I and IV"
4117:
4116:
4094:Sheriffs Act 1747
4012:a Jacobite banner
4002:
4001:
3948:Siege of Carlisle
3838:Battle of Preston
3778:Siege of Limerick
3773:Battle of Aughrim
3753:Battle of Dunkeld
3738:Patrick Sarsfield
3522:
3521:
3513:Succeeded by
3480:
3472:
3446:(later George II)
3332:Media related to
3211:978-0-316-84820-6
3198:Maclagan, Michael
3150:. Heraldica.org.
3078:"Famous Stewarts"
2811:The Royal Stuarts
2756:marquis de Quincy
2754:According to the
2560:978-0-141-97687-7
2403:
2402:
2399:
2398:
1910:
1909:
1906:
1905:
1510:Sophia of Hanover
895:John III Sobieski
785:Jacobite Peerages
614:Duchy of Lorraine
606:Treaty of Utrecht
523:Treaty of Ryswick
457:William of Orange
455:; Mary's husband
279:
278:
262:Roman Catholicism
16:(Redirected from
5838:
5821:Child pretenders
5746:Princes of Wales
5224:Jean, Lady Keith
5174:
5173:
5141:Stewart of Appin
5125:Earl of Galloway
5115:Marquess of Bute
5082:Duke of Richmond
5053:House of Stewart
5046:
5039:
5032:
5023:
5022:
5011:
4801:
4794:
4787:
4778:
4777:
4755:
4600:(1460; disputed)
4539:
4532:
4525:
4516:
4515:
4481:
4471:
4461:
4451:
4441:
4431:
4421:
4411:
4401:
4391:
4381:
4371:
4361:
4351:
4341:
4331:
4321:
4311:
4301:
4291:
4281:
4271:
4261:
4244:Princes of Wales
4237:
4230:
4223:
4214:
4213:
4141:"Henry IX and I"
4024:
4023:
4020:and later events
4010:
3733:Sir Ewen Cameron
3699:
3698:
3694:Jacobite risings
3608:The Killing Time
3548:
3541:
3534:
3525:
3524:
3508:
3476:
3466:
3460:Preceded by
3447:
3427:Duke of Rothesay
3423:Duke of Cornwall
3413:
3388:
3381:
3363:
3362:
3359:
3344:British monarchy
3331:
3317:
3298:
3281:
3280:
3267:
3258:
3257:
3244:
3233:
3222:
3216:
3215:
3190:
3173:
3170:
3164:
3163:
3161:
3159:
3143:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3132:
3117:
3111:
3110:
3100:
3094:
3093:
3091:
3089:
3074:
3068:
3067:
3056:
3047:
3044:
3038:
3027:
3021:
3015:
3009:
3008:
2988:
2979:
2976:
2970:
2969:
2933:
2927:
2926:
2918:
2912:
2906:
2900:
2894:
2888:
2882:
2876:
2875:
2873:
2871:
2857:
2851:
2844:
2838:
2833:Simms, Brendan.
2831:
2825:
2824:
2813:. Random House.
2806:
2800:
2799:
2793:
2785:
2783:
2781:
2752:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2741:
2726:
2713:
2709:Complete Peerage
2705:
2699:
2693:
2687:
2674:
2668:
2657:
2651:
2650:
2648:
2646:
2631:
2620:
2618:
2602:
2596:
2578:
2565:
2564:
2547:Keates, Jonathan
2543:
2532:
2509:
2503:
2502:
2491:
2485:
2484:
2482:
2480:
2465:
2446:
2436:
2326:Laura Martinozzi
2119:Marie de' Medici
1922:
1921:
1913:
1912:
1899:
1898: 1727–1760
1897:
1746:
1745: 1714–1727
1744:
1708:
1707: 1702–1714
1706:
1690:
1689: 1689–1694
1688:
1672:
1671: 1689–1702
1670:
1494:
1493: 1685–1688
1492:
1483:James II and VII
1458:
1457: 1660–1685
1456:
1294:
1293: 1625–1649
1292:
1173:
1171:
1134:
1133:
1123:
1116:
1109:
1100:
1099:
1052:on 4 July 1688.
869:Benedetta d'Este
858:
825:
816:
610:Lord Bolingbroke
504:Royal Collection
501:
476:Richard Hamilton
440:venereal disease
420:Duke of Rothesay
416:Duke of Cornwall
328:and her husband
275:
196:
194:
148:
128:
126:
97:James VII and II
72:
69:
60:
39:
38:
21:
5846:
5845:
5841:
5840:
5839:
5837:
5836:
5835:
5771:English princes
5741:House of Stuart
5681:
5680:
5679:
5674:
5659:
5643:12th generation
5638:
5592:11th generation
5587:
5540:10th generation
5535:
5489:
5473:
5449:
5418:
5392:
5351:
5300:
5260:
5227:Katherine Logan
5183:
5169:
5163:
5129:
5105:Duke of Aubigny
5097:King of Ireland
5092:King of England
5055:
5050:
5020:
5015:
5009:
5004:
4903:Henry Frederick
4810:
4805:
4775:
4770:
4767:Cornwall Portal
4759:
4753:
4748:
4653:Henry Frederick
4548:
4543:
4513:
4508:
4495:
4484:
4474:
4464:
4454:
4444:
4434:
4424:
4414:
4404:
4394:
4384:
4374:
4364:
4356:Henry Frederick
4354:
4344:
4334:
4324:
4314:
4304:
4294:
4284:
4274:
4264:
4254:
4246:
4241:
4211:
4206:
4113:
4074:Jurors Act 1745
4062:
4019:
4013:
4011:
3998:
3972:
3914:
3907:
3859:
3852:
3794:
3787:
3728:Viscount Dundee
3718:Nine Years' War
3704:
3688:
3557:
3552:
3518:
3509:
3502:
3501:
3485:King of England
3481:
3473:
3465:
3445:
3444:
3439:
3430:
3425:
3421:
3419:Prince of Wales
3411:
3410:
3405:
3394:British royalty
3382:
3376:
3375:
3372:House of Stuart
3368:
3324:
3314:
3289:
3284:
3269:
3268:
3261:
3245:
3236:
3223:
3219:
3212:
3191:
3176:
3171:
3167:
3157:
3155:
3144:
3140:
3130:
3128:
3119:
3118:
3114:
3101:
3097:
3087:
3085:
3076:
3075:
3071:
3058:
3057:
3050:
3045:
3041:
3028:
3024:
3016:
3012:
3005:
2989:
2982:
2977:
2973:
2934:
2930:
2919:
2915:
2907:
2903:
2895:
2891:
2883:
2879:
2869:
2867:
2859:
2858:
2854:
2845:
2841:
2832:
2828:
2821:
2807:
2803:
2787:
2786:
2779:
2777:
2753:
2749:
2739:
2737:
2728:
2727:
2716:
2706:
2702:
2694:
2690:
2684:Wayback Machine
2675:
2671:
2658:
2654:
2644:
2642:
2633:
2632:
2623:
2604:
2603:
2599:
2589:Wayback Machine
2579:
2568:
2561:
2544:
2535:
2510:
2506:
2493:
2492:
2488:
2478:
2476:
2467:
2466:
2459:
2455:
2450:
2449:
2437:
2433:
2428:
2409:
2404:
1999:Anne of Denmark
1894:
1892:
1890:
1881:
1879:
1870:
1868:
1859:
1741:
1739:
1737:
1728:
1719:
1717:
1703:
1701:
1699:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1654:
1521:
1512:
1503:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1476:
1467:
1453:
1451:
1449:
1328:
1319:
1289:
1287:
1285:
1276:
1274:Henrietta Maria
1168:
1166:
1164:
1127:
1098:
1082:
1058:
1050:Prince of Wales
1038:
1013:
995:in present-day
989:
965:
938:", who led the
932:
924:Catholic Church
859:), daughter of
848:
843:
842:
841:
840:
828:
827:
826:
818:
817:
730:Papal territory
718:
676:. He landed at
646:
567:
521:under the 1697
492:
480:Dominic Sheldon
430:child had died
424:Prince of Wales
393:Prince of Wales
385:
377:House of Stuart
310:Prince of Wales
286:House of Stuart
221:
198:
190:
186:
183:
170:
150:
146:
130:
124:
122:
73:
70:
49:Prince of Wales
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5844:
5834:
5833:
5831:Exiled royalty
5828:
5823:
5818:
5813:
5808:
5803:
5798:
5793:
5788:
5783:
5778:
5773:
5768:
5763:
5758:
5753:
5748:
5743:
5738:
5733:
5728:
5723:
5718:
5713:
5708:
5703:
5698:
5693:
5676:
5675:
5668:
5665:
5664:
5661:
5660:
5658:
5657:
5652:
5646:
5644:
5640:
5639:
5637:
5636:
5631:
5626:
5621:
5616:
5611:
5606:
5601:
5595:
5593:
5589:
5588:
5586:
5585:
5580:
5575:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5552:
5547:
5543:
5541:
5537:
5536:
5534:
5533:
5528:
5523:
5518:
5513:
5508:
5503:
5497:
5495:
5494:9th generation
5491:
5490:
5488:
5487:
5481:
5479:
5478:8th generation
5475:
5474:
5472:
5471:
5466:
5463:
5457:
5455:
5454:7th generation
5451:
5450:
5448:
5447:
5442:
5437:
5432:
5426:
5424:
5423:6th generation
5420:
5419:
5417:
5416:
5411:
5406:
5400:
5398:
5397:5th generation
5394:
5393:
5391:
5390:
5385:
5380:
5375:
5370:
5365:
5359:
5357:
5356:4th generation
5353:
5352:
5350:
5349:
5344:
5339:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5314:
5308:
5306:
5305:3rd generation
5302:
5301:
5299:
5298:
5295:
5290:
5287:
5282:
5279:
5274:
5268:
5266:
5265:2nd generation
5262:
5261:
5259:
5258:
5253:
5248:
5243:
5238:
5233:
5228:
5225:
5222:
5217:
5212:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5191:
5189:
5188:1st generation
5185:
5184:
5171:
5165:
5164:
5162:
5161:
5156:
5151:
5146:
5143:
5137:
5135:
5131:
5130:
5128:
5127:
5122:
5117:
5112:
5107:
5102:
5101:Lord of Sticks
5099:
5094:
5089:
5087:Duke of Albany
5084:
5079:
5077:Duke of Lennox
5074:
5072:Earl of Lennox
5069:
5063:
5061:
5057:
5056:
5049:
5048:
5041:
5034:
5026:
5017:
5016:
5007:
5005:
5003:
5002:
5000:(2022–present)
4994:
4986:
4978:
4970:
4962:
4954:
4946:
4938:
4930:
4922:
4918:Charles James
4916:
4908:
4900:
4892:
4884:
4876:
4870:
4864:
4856:
4848:
4840:
4832:
4824:
4815:
4812:
4811:
4804:
4803:
4796:
4789:
4781:
4772:
4771:
4764:
4761:
4760:
4751:
4749:
4747:
4746:
4744:(2022–present)
4738:
4730:
4722:
4714:
4706:
4698:
4690:
4682:
4674:
4666:
4658:
4650:
4642:
4634:
4626:
4618:
4610:
4602:
4594:
4586:
4578:
4570:
4562:
4553:
4550:
4549:
4542:
4541:
4534:
4527:
4519:
4510:
4509:
4500:
4497:
4496:
4487:
4485:
4483:
4482:
4479:(2022–present)
4472:
4462:
4452:
4442:
4432:
4422:
4412:
4402:
4392:
4382:
4372:
4362:
4352:
4342:
4332:
4322:
4312:
4302:
4292:
4282:
4272:
4262:
4251:
4248:
4247:
4240:
4239:
4232:
4225:
4217:
4208:
4207:
4205:
4204:
4197:
4190:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4127:
4125:
4119:
4118:
4115:
4114:
4112:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4084:Dress Act 1746
4081:
4076:
4070:
4068:
4067:The Forty-Five
4064:
4063:
4061:
4060:
4055:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4030:
4028:
4021:
4015:
4014:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3999:
3997:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3980:
3978:
3974:
3973:
3971:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3919:
3917:
3913:The Forty-Five
3909:
3908:
3906:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3873:Earl Marischal
3870:
3864:
3862:
3854:
3853:
3851:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
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3707:
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3666:
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3656:
3651:
3646:
3645:
3644:
3639:
3629:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3579:
3578:
3573:
3566:Scottish clans
3562:
3559:
3558:
3551:
3550:
3543:
3536:
3528:
3520:
3519:
3514:
3511:
3474:
3461:
3457:
3456:
3450:
3449:
3437:
3432:
3415:
3403:
3397:
3396:
3390:
3389:
3387:1 January 1766
3369:
3366:
3361:
3360:
3346:
3337:
3323:
3322:External links
3320:
3319:
3318:
3313:978-0521108379
3312:
3299:
3297:. Robert Hale.
3288:
3285:
3283:
3282:
3259:
3234:
3225:Mary of Modena
3217:
3210:
3174:
3165:
3138:
3112:
3095:
3069:
3048:
3039:
3022:
3010:
3003:
2980:
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2928:
2913:
2901:
2889:
2877:
2852:
2839:
2826:
2819:
2801:
2747:
2714:
2700:
2698:, p. 278.
2688:
2669:
2652:
2621:
2597:
2566:
2559:
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2504:
2486:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2448:
2447:
2438:Nicknamed the
2430:
2429:
2427:
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2423:
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2401:
2400:
2397:
2396:
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2361:
2360:
2358:Laura Mazarini
2354:
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2267:Mary of Modena
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2018:
2017:
2014:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2001:
1995:
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1918:
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1911:
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1880:"Duke of York"
1874:
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1527:
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1516:
1514:
1507:
1505:
1501:Mary of Modena
1498:
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1471:
1469:
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1197:
1195:
1193:
1191:
1189:
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1183:
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1178:
1176:
1175:
1162:James VI and I
1159:
1157:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1149:
1147:
1145:
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1137:
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1103:
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1076:
1057:
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1037:
1034:
1012:
1009:
988:
985:
964:
961:
940:major uprising
931:
928:
927:
926:
913:
882:James's wife,
847:
844:
830:
829:
820:
819:
811:
810:
809:
808:
807:
778:Atterbury Plot
717:
716:Court-in-exile
714:
645:
642:
579:Firth of Forth
566:
565:Early attempts
563:
506:attributed to
491:
488:
426:in July 1688.
408:Mary of Modena
384:
381:
306:Mary of Modena
277:
276:
269:
265:
264:
259:
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252:Mary of Modena
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169:, Vatican City
165:
163:
159:
158:
149:(aged 77)
145:1 January 1766
143:
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112:
111:
104:
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61:
53:
52:
44:
43:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5843:
5832:
5829:
5827:
5826:Sons of kings
5824:
5822:
5819:
5817:
5814:
5812:
5809:
5807:
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5802:
5799:
5797:
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5779:
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5635:
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5607:
5605:
5602:
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5597:
5596:
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5584:
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5529:
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5512:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5498:
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5492:
5486:
5483:
5482:
5480:
5476:
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5464:
5462:
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5441:
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5407:
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5399:
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5389:
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5338:
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5328:
5325:
5323:
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5315:
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5310:
5309:
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5296:
5294:
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5288:
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5283:
5280:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5270:
5269:
5267:
5263:
5257:
5254:
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5249:
5247:
5244:
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5239:
5237:
5234:
5232:
5229:
5226:
5223:
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5218:
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5211:
5208:
5206:
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5201:
5198:
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5172:
5166:
5160:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5139:
5138:
5136:
5132:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5120:Earl of March
5118:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5110:Earl of Moray
5108:
5106:
5103:
5100:
5098:
5095:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5064:
5062:
5058:
5054:
5047:
5042:
5040:
5035:
5033:
5028:
5027:
5024:
5001:
4998:
4995:
4993:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4965:Albert Edward
4963:
4961:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4931:
4929:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4893:
4891:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4871:
4869:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4844:
4841:
4839:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4817:
4816:
4813:
4809:
4802:
4797:
4795:
4790:
4788:
4783:
4782:
4779:
4769:
4768:
4762:
4745:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4709:Albert Edward
4707:
4705:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4680:(1688–1701/2)
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4555:
4554:
4551:
4547:
4540:
4535:
4533:
4528:
4526:
4521:
4520:
4517:
4507:
4503:
4498:
4491:
4480:
4477:
4473:
4470:
4467:
4463:
4460:
4457:
4453:
4450:
4447:
4443:
4440:
4437:
4436:Albert Edward
4433:
4430:
4427:
4423:
4420:
4417:
4413:
4410:
4407:
4403:
4400:
4397:
4393:
4390:
4387:
4383:
4380:
4377:
4373:
4370:
4367:
4363:
4360:
4357:
4353:
4350:
4347:
4343:
4340:
4337:
4333:
4330:
4327:
4323:
4320:
4317:
4313:
4310:
4307:
4303:
4300:
4297:
4293:
4290:
4287:
4283:
4280:
4277:
4273:
4270:
4267:
4263:
4260:
4257:
4253:
4252:
4249:
4245:
4238:
4233:
4231:
4226:
4224:
4219:
4218:
4215:
4203:
4202:
4198:
4196:
4195:
4191:
4189:
4188:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4136:"Charles III"
4134:
4132:
4129:
4128:
4126:
4124:
4120:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4071:
4069:
4065:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4039:Clan Act 1715
4037:
4035:
4034:Riot Act 1714
4032:
4031:
4029:
4025:
4022:
4016:
4009:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3981:
3979:
3975:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3920:
3918:
3916:
3910:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3865:
3863:
3861:
3855:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3833:Baronet Munro
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3800:
3798:
3796:
3790:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3710:
3708:
3706:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3691:
3684:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3634:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3583:The Highlands
3581:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3568:
3567:
3564:
3563:
3560:
3556:
3549:
3544:
3542:
3537:
3535:
3530:
3529:
3526:
3517:
3507:
3506:
3500:
3499:
3498:
3494:
3490:
3486:
3479:
3470:
3464:
3458:
3455:
3451:
3448:
3443:
3436:
3429:
3428:
3424:
3420:
3414:
3409:
3402:
3398:
3395:
3391:
3386:
3379:
3374:
3373:
3364:
3358:
3354:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3341:
3338:
3335:
3330:
3326:
3325:
3315:
3309:
3305:
3300:
3296:
3291:
3290:
3278:
3274:
3273:
3266:
3264:
3255:
3254:
3249:
3243:
3241:
3239:
3232:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3213:
3207:
3203:
3199:
3195:
3189:
3187:
3185:
3183:
3181:
3179:
3169:
3153:
3149:
3142:
3126:
3122:
3116:
3108:
3107:
3099:
3083:
3079:
3073:
3065:
3061:
3055:
3053:
3043:
3037:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3019:
3014:
3006:
3004:9780521513272
3000:
2996:
2995:
2987:
2985:
2975:
2967:
2963:
2959:
2955:
2951:
2947:
2943:
2939:
2932:
2924:
2917:
2910:
2905:
2899:, p. 99.
2898:
2893:
2886:
2881:
2866:
2862:
2856:
2849:
2843:
2836:
2830:
2822:
2820:9781845950903
2816:
2812:
2805:
2797:
2791:
2775:
2774:
2767:
2763:
2762:
2761:Maison du Roi
2757:
2751:
2735:
2731:
2725:
2723:
2721:
2719:
2711:
2710:
2704:
2697:
2692:
2685:
2681:
2678:
2673:
2666:
2662:
2656:
2640:
2636:
2630:
2628:
2626:
2617:
2613:
2609:
2608:
2601:
2594:
2590:
2586:
2583:
2577:
2575:
2573:
2571:
2562:
2556:
2552:
2548:
2542:
2540:
2538:
2530:
2529:0-7876-4069-7
2526:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2508:
2500:
2496:
2490:
2474:
2470:
2464:
2462:
2457:
2445:
2441:
2440:Old Pretender
2435:
2431:
2420:
2417:
2414:
2411:
2410:
2395:
2393:
2391:
2389:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2381:
2379:
2377:
2375:
2373:
2371:
2369:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2362:
2359:
2353:
2352:
2349:
2348:
2339:
2338:
2333:
2332:
2327:
2321:
2320:
2317:
2316:
2311:
2310:
2305:
2304:
2298:
2297:
2294:
2293:
2280:
2279:
2274:
2273:
2268:
2262:
2261:
2258:
2257:
2252:
2251:
2246:
2245:
2242:
2241:Maria Farnese
2236:
2235:
2232:
2231:
2222:
2221:
2216:
2215:
2210:
2204:
2203:
2200:
2199:
2194:
2193:
2188:
2187:
2184:
2178:
2177:
2174:
2173:
2156:
2155:
2152:
2151:
2146:
2140:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2130:
2129:
2124:
2123:
2120:
2114:
2113:
2110:
2109:
2100:
2099:
2094:
2093:
2088:
2082:
2081:
2078:
2077:
2072:
2071:
2066:
2065:
2062:
2056:
2055:
2052:
2051:
2038:
2037:
2032:
2031:
2026:
2020:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2010:
2009:
2004:
2003:
2000:
1994:
1993:
1990:
1989:
1980:
1979:
1974:
1973:
1968:
1962:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1952:
1951:
1946:
1945:
1942:
1936:
1924:
1923:
1920:
1919:
1915:
1914:
1903:
1900:
1889:
1878:
1867:
1858:
1830:
1827:
1819:
1818:
1801:
1793:
1754:
1750:
1747:
1736:
1727:
1716:
1709:
1698:
1691:
1680:
1673:
1662:
1653:
1649:
1646:
1640:
1632:
1630:
1624:
1616:
1614:
1613:
1606:
1602:
1600:
1594:
1582:
1580:
1574:
1570:
1568:
1564:
1562:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1526:
1525:
1520:
1511:
1502:
1495:
1484:
1475:
1466:
1459:
1448:
1444:
1441:
1437:
1435:
1433:
1417:
1415:
1407:
1405:
1404:
1397:
1393:
1391:
1373:
1361:
1359:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1333:
1332:
1327:
1318:
1295:
1284:
1275:
1263:
1260:
1236:
1234:
1233:
1226:
1210:
1208:
1200:
1198:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1163:
1135:
1132:
1131:
1124:
1119:
1117:
1112:
1110:
1105:
1104:
1102:
1101:
1093:
1091:
1087:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1060:
1059:
1053:
1051:
1042:
1033:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1008:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
982:
977:
973:
971:
956:
952:
950:
946:
941:
937:
925:
921:
917:
914:
911:
908:
907:
906:
904:
900:
899:Montefiascone
896:
892:
885:
880:
876:
874:
870:
866:
862:
857:
852:
838:
834:
824:
815:
806:
803:
801:
800:James Boswell
797:
793:
788:
786:
781:
779:
775:
771:
765:
763:
759:
755:
754:Innocent XIII
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
722:
713:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
655:
650:
641:
639:
634:
630:
626:
621:
617:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
594:Robert Harley
591:
586:
584:
580:
576:
572:
562:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
525:. Spain, the
524:
520:
516:
509:
505:
496:
487:
485:
481:
477:
472:
470:
466:
461:
458:
454:
450:
446:
441:
437:
433:
427:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
394:
389:
380:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
337:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
274:
270:
266:
263:
260:
256:
253:
250:
246:
243:
240:
236:
233:
230:
228:
224:
218:
215:
213:
210:
209:
207:
205:
201:
182:
177:
173:
168:
164:
160:
157:
153:
144:
140:
137:
133:
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
98:
95:
91:
87:
83:
80:
76:
65:
59:
54:
51:
50:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
18:Old Pretender
5669:
5628:
4999:
4991:
4983:
4975:
4967:
4959:
4951:
4943:
4935:
4932:
4927:
4919:
4913:
4905:
4897:
4889:
4881:
4873:
4867:
4861:
4853:
4845:
4837:
4829:
4821:
4765:
4743:
4735:
4727:
4719:
4711:
4703:
4695:
4687:
4679:
4676:
4671:
4663:
4655:
4647:
4639:
4631:
4623:
4615:
4607:
4599:
4591:
4583:
4575:
4567:
4559:
4501:
4478:
4468:
4458:
4448:
4438:
4428:
4418:
4408:
4398:
4388:
4385:
4378:
4368:
4358:
4348:
4338:
4328:
4318:
4308:
4298:
4288:
4278:
4268:
4258:
4199:
4192:
4185:
4181:"Francis II"
4146:"Charles IV"
4130:
4018:Consequences
3858:The Nineteen
3803:…in Cornwall
3703:First rising
3636:
3503:
3483:
3482:
3477:
3440:
3434:
3417:
3406:
3400:
3384:
3380:10 June 1688
3377:
3370:
3303:
3294:
3276:
3271:
3252:
3228:
3220:
3201:
3168:
3156:. Retrieved
3141:
3129:. Retrieved
3125:the original
3115:
3105:
3098:
3086:. Retrieved
3072:
3063:
3042:
3033:
3025:
3018:Bevan (1967)
3013:
2993:
2974:
2941:
2931:
2922:
2916:
2909:Bevan (1967)
2904:
2897:Bevan (1967)
2892:
2885:Bevan (1967)
2880:
2868:. Retrieved
2864:
2855:
2847:
2842:
2834:
2829:
2810:
2804:
2778:. Retrieved
2772:
2759:
2750:
2738:. Retrieved
2707:
2703:
2691:
2672:
2664:
2655:
2643:. Retrieved
2610:, : , 1688,
2606:
2600:
2592:
2550:
2520:
2517:Anne Commire
2512:
2507:
2498:
2489:
2477:. Retrieved
2443:
2439:
2434:
2419:Touch pieces
2144:
1893:
1740:
1714:
1702:
1684:
1666:
1488:
1452:
1288:
1167:
1089:
1086:coat of arms
1083:
1073:
1065:
1061:
1047:
1022:"penal laws"
1014:
1005:Elizabeth II
997:Vatican City
990:
966:
933:
888:
849:
804:
789:
782:
766:
750:Palazzo Muti
727:
684:. Reputedly
682:Scone Palace
659:
629:George Louis
622:
618:
587:
568:
527:Papal States
512:
473:
469:Louisa Maria
462:
428:
397:
338:
324:half-sister
281:
280:
156:Papal States
152:Palazzo Muti
147:(1766-01-01)
129:10 June 1688
47:
36:
5701:1766 deaths
5696:1688 births
4992:(1952–2022)
4984:(1910–1936)
4976:(1901–1910)
4968:(1841–1901)
4960:(1762–1820)
4952:(1727–1751)
4944:(1714–1727)
4936:(1688–1689)
4928:(1630–1649)
4914:(1612–1625)
4906:(1594–1612)
4898:(1566–1567)
4890:(1540–1541)
4882:(1512–1513)
4874:(1509–1510)
4868:(1507–1508)
4862:(1473–1488)
4854:(1452–1460)
4846:(1430–1437)
4830:(1402–1406)
4822:(1398–1402)
4736:(1952–2022)
4728:(1910–1936)
4720:(1901–1910)
4712:(1841–1901)
4704:(1762–1820)
4696:(1727–1751)
4688:(1714–1727)
4672:(1630–1649)
4664:(1612–1625)
4656:(1603–1612)
4648:(1537–1547)
4632:(1502–1509)
4624:(1486–1502)
4616:(1483–1484)
4608:(1470–1483)
4592:(1453–1471)
4584:(1421–1422)
4576:(1399–1413)
4568:(1376–1377)
4560:(1337–1376)
4469:(1958–2022)
4459:(1910–1936)
4449:(1901–1910)
4439:(1841–1901)
4429:(1762–1820)
4419:(1751–1760)
4409:(1728–1751)
4399:(1714–1727)
4379:(1641–1649)
4369:(1616–1625)
4359:(1610–1612)
4349:(1537–1547)
4339:(1504–1509)
4329:(1489–1502)
4319:(1483–1484)
4309:(1471–1483)
4299:(1454–1471)
4289:(1399–1413)
4279:(1376–1377)
4269:(1343–1376)
4259:(1301–1307)
4161:"Francis I"
3818:Earl of Mar
3808:…in England
3793:The Fifteen
3603:Covenanters
3598:Restoration
3194:Louda, Jiří
2499:Historic UK
1661:William III
963:Later years
835:(left) and
740:(1717) and
732:, first at
686:Jane Stuart
662:in Scotland
654:Sheriffmuir
644:The Fifteen
638:major riots
583:George Byng
547:William III
519:William III
436:warming pan
373:1745 Rising
330:William III
108:Charles III
93:Predecessor
71: 1712
5685:Categories
5550:Charles II
4166:"Mary III"
3828:Lord Lovat
3649:Queen Anne
3571:Clan chief
3555:Jacobitism
3510:1701–1766
2740:30 October
2645:30 October
2479:30 October
2453:References
1447:Charles II
1026:George III
792:Grand Tour
746:Clement XI
484:Irish Army
471:was born.
351:, in 1708
322:Protestant
134:, London,
125:1688-06-10
5574:Katherine
5565:Elizabeth
4949:Frederick
4835:Alexander
4693:Frederick
4406:Frederick
4156:"Mary II"
3669:George II
3200:(1999) .
2966:213575807
2958:1123-9891
2790:cite book
2696:Corp 2009
2616:606591965
1891:1683–1760
1888:George II
1882:1725–1807
1871:1720–1788
1860:1689–1700
1738:1660–1727
1729:1692–1712
1720:1688–1766
1700:1665–1714
1682:1662–1694
1664:1650–1702
1655:1649–1685
1522:1629–1698
1513:1630–1714
1504:1658–1718
1486:1633–1701
1477:1637–1671
1474:Anne Hyde
1468:1631–1660
1450:1630–1685
1329:1596–1632
1320:1596–1662
1286:1600–1649
1283:Charles I
1277:1609–1669
1165:1566–1625
1074:1692–1766
698:Louis XIV
678:Peterhead
559:attainted
432:stillborn
412:Catholics
355:backed a
308:, he was
268:Signature
103:Successor
5671:Category
5560:James II
5511:Margaret
5388:Margaret
5170:Stewarts
5134:Branches
4502:See also
3977:Abortive
3664:George I
3489:Scotland
3250:(1728).
3152:Archived
3082:Archived
3030:Jacobite
2870:28 March
2734:Archived
2680:Archived
2665:Mémoires
2639:Archived
2585:Archived
2549:(2015).
2531:, p. 516
2473:Archived
2407:See also
1735:George I
1096:Ancestry
1062:Jacobite
949:celibacy
920:cardinal
839:(right).
694:Montrose
666:Cornwall
598:de Torcy
573:, James
543:Scotland
314:Catholic
298:Scotland
258:Religion
154:, Rome,
85:Pretence
5604:Mary II
4997:William
4989:Charles
4925:Charles
4911:Charles
4872:Arthur
4741:William
4733:Charles
4669:Charles
4661:Charles
4597:Richard
4565:Richard
4476:William
4466:Charles
4376:Charles
4366:Charles
3933:Lochiel
3823:Rob Roy
3674:Toryism
3627:Mary II
3497:Ireland
3408:Charles
3351:at the
3287:Sources
3227:at the
3032:at the
2780:13 July
2764:in the
2519:(ed.),
1679:Mary II
1056:Honours
922:of the
903:Viterbo
901:, near
873:Rinaldo
734:Avignon
690:Wisbech
571:measles
551:Mary II
539:Ireland
535:England
410:, both
326:Mary II
294:Ireland
290:England
197:
189:
185:
5531:Sophia
5297:Egidia
5281:Robert
5060:Titles
4981:Edward
4973:George
4957:George
4941:George
4920:(1629)
4866:James
4838:(1430)
4725:Edward
4717:George
4701:George
4685:George
4645:Edward
4640:(1511)
4621:Arthur
4613:Edward
4605:Edward
4589:Edward
4557:Edward
4456:Edward
4446:George
4426:George
4416:George
4396:George
4389:(1688)
4346:Edward
4326:Arthur
4306:Edward
4201:Joseph
4194:Sophie
4176:Albert
4151:Victor
3915:(1745)
3860:(1719)
3795:(1715)
3705:(1689)
3493:France
3442:George
3435:Vacant
3401:Vacant
3383:
3310:
3208:
3088:20 May
3001:
2964:
2956:
2817:
2614:
2557:
2527:
865:Modena
742:Urbino
738:Pesaro
600:, the
531:Modena
529:, and
371:, the
341:France
320:. His
248:Mother
238:Father
232:Stuart
175:Spouse
162:Burial
5168:Royal
4933:James
4895:James
4887:James
4879:James
4859:James
4851:James
4843:James
4827:James
4819:David
4677:James
4637:Henry
4629:Henry
4581:Henry
4573:Henry
4386:James
4336:Henry
4027:Early
3431:1688
3385:Died:
3378:Born:
3275:[
3158:2 May
3131:2 May
2962:S2CID
2515:, in
2426:Notes
1030:Henry
987:Death
945:Henry
762:scudi
553:, or
345:Italy
227:House
204:Issue
191:(
187:
5570:Anne
5526:Mary
4053:1725
4051:and
3994:1759
3989:1744
3984:1708
3625:and
3495:and
3308:ISBN
3206:ISBN
3160:2010
3133:2010
3090:2016
2999:ISBN
2954:ISSN
2872:2021
2815:ISBN
2796:link
2782:2023
2742:2015
2647:2015
2612:OCLC
2555:ISBN
2525:ISBN
2481:2015
2356:15.
2239:13.
2181:12.
2117:11.
2059:10.
1697:Anne
1080:Arms
664:and
590:Tory
555:Anne
541:and
478:and
449:Anne
447:and
445:Mary
418:and
365:1719
363:and
361:1715
343:and
296:and
142:Died
119:Born
4187:Max
2946:doi
2663:'s
2591:',
2442:or
2324:7.
2265:3.
2207:6.
2143:1.
2085:5.
2023:2.
1997:9.
1965:4.
1939:8.
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3487:,
3262:^
3237:^
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3177:^
3062:.
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2983:^
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1687:r.
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1455:r.
1291:r.
1170:r.
1092:.
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1068::
1066:KG
1064:,
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500:c.
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292:,
193:m.
68:c.
66:,
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