479:
613:
376:
642:
31:
510:. This announcement generated extensive discussion in the ensuing months on the potential of a new National Library. On 17 March 1990, the Ministry of Community Development confirmed in Parliament that the new National Library would be sited at the former Raffles Girls' School site in Queen Street. A library consultant was appointed the following month to advise on the planning of the new building.
580:(former St Joseph's Institution) to gather feedback for its campus masterplan. Overwhelming turnout and passionate debate amongst the audience marked this highly publicised event, which lasted over 4 hours. This was the first occasion where URA made public their definitive decision to demolish the National Library building as "it was not of great architectural merit and should not be conserved."
260:, met a group of Japanese scientists and nobles with the intention of protecting the invaluable collections of the Library and museum. He was later enlisted by Professor Hidezo Tanakadate to assist in re-establishing the library and museum. To increase its collection, abandoned books and journals were collected from all across the states of
542:
In the subsequent 1997 Master Plan for the area, plans for the Fort
Canning Tunnel remained unchanged and it was not explicitly stated in the report that the National Library building would be demolished. In April 1997, the Library was closed for a S$ 2.6 million upgrading and renovation programme to
518:
The 1992 Civic
District Master Plan public exhibition was held from 22 to 26 February by the URA. An important revision was the mentioning of the one-way Fort Canning Tunnel, entering the hill at the existing National Library and emerging at Penang Road to be built by the year 2000. The URA explained
625:
The old
National Library was eventually torn down in July 2004. Today, all that remains of the building at its original site are two red-bricked entrance pillars standing near the Fort Canning Tunnel. The controversy surrounding the building's demise has been credited for sparking greater awareness
588:
From March to April 1999, there arose a huge groundswell of public dissent in the media over the
National Library building's fate, as well as the drastic physical alterations of its environs. A number of featured columns by journalists touched on gradually disappearing heritage landmarks, as well as
597:
regarding his proposal which was referred to the MND. Many members of the public wrote in publicly either in support of Tay's plans or argue for heritage conservation in general. A few articles and letters highlighted that the adamant official response to public dissent ran counter to the spirit of
429:
As such, many fond memories were created for those who visited the compounds of the
Library. At the same time, the pressure of urban redevelopment in the city was building up, resulting in demolishing of old city fabric that would threaten the Library building's fate and its sentimental memories in
292:
G. Archey of the
British Military Administration took over Directorship of the Library and museum on 6 September. The Library only suffered minimal losses and damages during the three and a half years of Japanese Occupation, as the Japanese preserved the Library well due to its respected reputation
592:
On 24 January 2000, after SMU chaired a technical workshop to obtain feedback on three alternative proposals, a well-known architect named Tay Kheng Soon held a press conference at The
Substation to unveil his unofficial SMU masterplan. URA was invited to the presentation but did not show up. His
445:
was held in April 1988 by the
Ministry of National Development (MND) to garner public feedback to develop the Central area into a historical, cultural and retail zone. The 1988 Master Plan was aimed to revitalise Singapore's civic and cultural hub, citing the location of key cultural institutions
200:, and access to the collection was limited to the British and privileged class. Dr. Robert Morrison, an eminent missionary and educator became the first librarian from 1823 to 1845. He was mainly responsible for establishing the plans with Raffles and soliciting book donations for the Library.
304:
350,000 in 1953 towards the founding of the first free public library in
Singapore on condition that vernacular languages were promoted and encouraged in the public arena. The British government accepted the offer without hesitation and began demolishing the old St Andrew's Chapel and the
557:
page triggered a string of events that would bring the normally passive
Singaporeans to display rare sparks of civic activism. Wang brought to the public attention that there was a possibility that the National Library would be demolished, after a recent announcement by the newly formed
367:
To cultivate reading habits among the young, the Library initiated many activities such as story-telling sessions for children and talks for teenagers, conducted by the staff or members of the public. Among adults, the Library also promoted books written by local writers, publishing a
466:'s (URA) many microplanning proposals were reviewed, including the proposed demolition of the National Library to create a "clear view of Fort Canning Hill from Bras Basah Park". No conclusive statement on the building's fate was made in the press report or in URA's publication,
566:
Bras Basah has lost too many unique buildings already, and we should not lose the National Library because it would mean that Singaporeans will not only lose another part of their history, but also a part of what forms their collective memory, which helps make Singapore "home".
629:
The new National Library at Victoria Street was completed in July 2005. In memory of the old National Library building, about 5,000 red bricks were salvaged from the old Library and used to construct a commemorative wall in a bamboo garden located within the new building.
609:, announced in Parliament that the National Library building would have to go. According to Mah, the authorities had assessed Tay's plans but concluded that the URA's plan was a better proposal for preserving the Civic District's ambience and being more people-friendly.
543:
meet the needs of the IT age. It was planned to reopen on 1 Oct, with its facilities upgraded, with new computers, and its collection updated with 80,000 volumes added. Actual renovations took nine months and the library was officially reopened on 16 January 1998.
175:. Originally completed in 1960, the library building was a national icon for many Singaporeans. Despite a huge groundswell of public dissent, the library was closed on 31 March 2004, and was demolished in July that year to make way for the construction of the
212:
invasion in February 1942. The Library building suffered damages on its northwestern wall and rooftop during the invasion. After the British surrender of Singapore on 15 February 1942, the Library was taken over by the Japanese and renamed the Shonan
571:
In response, the SMU assured the public that they could play a part in deciding the fate of the red-bricked building housing the National Library, as it had not decided what to do with the building. On 13 March 1999, SMU organised a public
179:
to ease road traffic to the city. The controversy surrounding the building's demise has been credited for sparking greater awareness of local cultural roots and an unprecedented wave in favour of heritage conservation among Singaporeans.
271:
staff from the Department of Information, who created propaganda for the Japanese invasion of India and Australia. More than 13,000 volumes were also circulated to civil internees at the Maxwell Road Customs House and
461:
chaired a dialogue attended predominantly by invited professionals such as planners, architects and property consultants to review the Master Plan exhibited a month earlier. During the professional dialogue, the
538:
by 1996. In the extensive press reports in 1992, neither the demolition of the National Library building nor the reasons for changing the site of the new National Library to Victoria Street were given.
1106:
372:
of their writings and encouraging Singaporeans to read local literature in all languages. Such activities are still being carried out by the National Library Board to the present day.
293:
in academia. Compared to other libraries in Malaya which lost nearly half of their collections, only some 500 reference books were looted according to a stocktake done after the war.
313:
along Stamford Road to make way for the new library. The chosen site was situated among many civic and educational institutions on or around Fort Canning Hill and the nearby
1482:
391:
From the 1960s to the 1980s, the Library became a popular destination for studying and hanging out for young people from well-known neighbouring schools such as
51:
411:
or front porch and steps leading up to the Library became an intimate public space where one could sit and read, wait, chat or simply watch the world go by.
1492:
1110:
1532:
1487:
1205:
1512:
1507:
723:
422:
located within the Library also became an institution, well-patronised by library users, office workers and the local arts community from
1431:
1497:
1426:
562:(SMU) that its new city campus would be sited in the Bras Basah area including the National Library's present site. Wang wrote:
1502:
1441:
1411:
616:
What remains at the former site of the old National Library on 22 June 2007. The Fort Canning Tunnel lies in the background.
348:
Designed and built by the Public Works Department, the new red-bricked building was officially opened and christened as the
329:
he chaired gave S$ 60 million to the National Library Board, the largest single corporate donation ever in Singapore.
1198:
1163:
1144:
1084:
447:
230:
1517:
559:
1214:
1178:
364:
was appointed the first Singaporean Director of the National Library in April 1960 and served until June 1961.
321:
On 15th Aug 1953, this stone was laid by Mr. Lee Kong Chian whose generous contribution initiated this project.
593:
proposal entailed re-routing the tunnel to save the National Library building. A week later, Tay wrote to the
208:
The Raffles Library was converted into a Regimental Aid Station by the British and Australian army during the
1522:
463:
1436:
1421:
1416:
1362:
1322:
1312:
1191:
451:
296:
In the 1950s, public demand mounted for a free public library to meet the needs of all levels of society.
1332:
1245:
655:
626:
of local cultural roots and an unprecedented wave in favour of heritage conservation among Singaporeans.
594:
192:, the founder of modern Singapore, who in 1823 started a small private collection of books housed in the
1527:
1337:
1307:
1271:
660:
535:
483:
400:
1372:
1292:
1266:
1390:
1377:
1367:
1317:
1276:
396:
1382:
1327:
1261:
665:
491:
360:. The architecture was said to reflect the red-brick epoch of British architecture in the 1950s.
1223:
727:
353:
268:
151:
777:
1395:
1302:
1352:
1297:
577:
507:
168:
8:
519:
that the 380m long tunnel would help smoothen the major traffic intersection in front of
392:
325:
50 years later, on 15 September 2003, his son Dr. Lee Seng Gee repeated history when the
193:
176:
1016:
Ho Weng Hin et el (16 March 1999). "Heed the people's call, conserve 'built' heritage".
289:
253:
1347:
1342:
1174:
1159:
1140:
1069:
1052:
1035:
1018:
1001:
984:
967:
950:
933:
916:
890:
873:
856:
839:
822:
553:
375:
310:
280:. Among these volumes were prayer books, hymnals, music sheets and children's books.
233:. On 29 April 1942, it reopened to the public on the occasion of the birthday of the
534:
Work on the tunnel was expected to start after the National Library is relocated to
332:
On 1 April 1958, after the Raffles National Library Ordinance came into effect, the
647:
273:
234:
189:
105:
1357:
520:
357:
306:
209:
30:
602:, which expressed a desire to foster civic participation and active citizenry.
424:
404:
326:
297:
261:
257:
478:
1476:
1050:
Cheang Kum Hon (12 February 2000). "S21 Vision at stake with library issue".
458:
277:
252:
On 18 February 1942, E.J.H. Corner, the assistant Director of Gardens in the
164:
87:
66:
53:
36:
837:
Agnes Wee (29 May 1998). "Professionals share views on Heart of Singapore".
612:
528:
524:
369:
361:
1107:"Was the demolishing of the old National Library a well-thought decision?"
249:
Yoshichika Tokugawa as its president, a relative of the Japanese Emperor.
1183:
606:
931:
Ong Sor Fern (16 January 1998). "Welcome to 60,000 new books, 38 PCs".
914:
Claudette Peralta (12 March 1997). "National Library's 2.6m facelift".
314:
1156:
Knowledge, Inspiration, Possibility – Singapore Transformative Library
531:
areas, thus giving the museum precinct a peaceful and quiet ambience.
1151:
1137:
Memories and the National Library: Between forgetting and remembering
1033:
Lydia Lim (25 January 2000). "New plan for Bras Basah Park offered".
573:
172:
95:
91:
35:
A commemorative postcard of the old National Library building at 91
499:
238:
965:
Kelvin Wang (8 December 1998). "Let's not lose National Library".
300:, a renowned Chinese community leader and philanthropist, offered
503:
246:
495:
267:
The Library was patronised mainly by the Japanese and captured
1087:. Siew Kum Hong, Nominated Member of Parliament. 12 March 2007
888:
Julia Goh (21 February 1992). "A Piece of Peace in the City".
1067:
Lydia Lim (7 March 2000). "National Library building to go".
948:
Sandra Davie (6 December 1998). "New campus at Bras Basah".
820:
Jennifer Koh (12 March 1998). "Civic centre plan unveiled".
724:"Raffles Library and Museum during the Japanese Occupation"
407:
that had their early beginnings in this area. The landmark
433:
1139:. Singapore: Singapore Heritage Society, pp. 1–213.
705:
Seet, "The Japanese Occupation and Postwar Years", p. 19.
494:
to build a new National Library and four new branches in
301:
778:"1957 supplement to the laws of the Colony of Singapore"
605:
On 7 March 2000, the Minister for National Development,
454:, as well as the National Library within the District.
999:
M. Nirmala (14 March 1999). "National Library to go".
317:
area. Lee later laid the foundation stone that reads:
637:
1158:. Singapore: SNP International Publishing Pte Ltd.
551:On 8 December 1998, a letter by Kelvin Wang to the
379:A commemorative postcard showing the old Library's
16:
Demolished historical library building in Singapore
1171:Moments in Time – Memories of the National Library
721:
443:Civic and Cultural District Master Plan Exhibition
1015:
913:
188:The Old National Library traces its roots to Sir
1483:Demolished buildings and structures in Singapore
1474:
288:After the Japanese surrender in September 1945,
222:
1049:
216:
1199:
982:"Public will have a say in building's fate".
947:
930:
819:
490:On 23 March 1989, the MND revealed plans in
1493:Buildings and structures demolished in 2004
964:
717:
715:
713:
711:
546:
1213:
1206:
1192:
998:
810:Kwok, "Chronologue: 1960—1987", pp. 24–26.
693:Seet, "The Early Years: 1823—1845", p. 14.
1066:
1032:
887:
836:
748:Kwok, "Chronologue: 1823—1960", pp. 8–16.
708:
684:Kwok, "Chronologue: 1823—1960", pp. 4–5.
611:
477:
374:
1173:. , Singapore: National Library Board.
1085:"How important are those five minutes?"
871:"New National Library at ex-RGS site".
523:and direct heavy traffic away from the
473:
1533:20th-century architecture in Singapore
1488:Government buildings completed in 1960
1475:
904:Kwok, "Chronologue: 1987—1997", p. 56.
854:"Plan to build new National Library".
766:Seet, "Like Father, Like Son", p. 146.
701:
699:
435:Civic and Cultural District Master Pla
163:was a historical library building at
1187:
775:
757:Seet, "A Free Public Library", p. 21.
726:. Singapore Infopedia. Archived from
722:Heirwin Mohd Nasir (7 October 2002).
1109:. The Online Citizen. Archived from
1513:2004 disestablishments in Singapore
1508:Library buildings completed in 1960
776:Singapore, National Library Board.
696:
513:
13:
14:
1544:
589:shared memories of Singaporeans.
583:
448:Victoria Theatre and Concert Hall
1498:1960 establishments in Singapore
640:
29:
1169:National Library Board (2004).
1129:
1099:
1077:
1060:
1043:
1026:
1009:
992:
975:
958:
941:
924:
907:
898:
881:
864:
847:
830:
813:
804:
560:Singapore Management University
343:
203:
1135:Kwok Kian Woon et al. (2000).
795:
769:
760:
751:
742:
687:
678:
264:and deposited at the Library.
1:
1503:Libraries established in 1960
671:
464:Urban Redevelopment Authority
457:On 28 May, the MND Minister,
161:Old National Library Building
620:
482:The new National Library at
7:
801:Seet, "Milestones", p. 160.
656:National Library, Singapore
633:
352:on 12 November 1960 by the
283:
223:
10:
1549:
661:Singapore National Theatre
309:Hall sited at the foot of
256:, with the support of Sir
183:
1450:
1404:
1285:
1254:
1238:
1231:
1221:
217:
147:
129:
111:
101:
82:
48:
44:
28:
23:
547:'National Library to go'
338:Raffles National Library
39:, Singapore, circa 2004.
666:Fort Canning Lighthouse
595:Prime Minister's Office
401:St Joseph's Institution
67:1.295639°N 103.849000°E
1518:Libraries in Singapore
1224:National Library Board
1215:Libraries in Singapore
617:
569:
487:
388:
354:President of Singapore
323:
152:National Library Board
135:; 20 years ago
117:; 63 years ago
615:
564:
481:
397:Raffles Girls' School
378:
319:
115:12 November 1960
1523:Museum Planning Area
1458:Old National Library
1353:library@harbourfront
578:Singapore Art Museum
474:New national library
196:. This was known as
169:Museum Planning Area
72:1.295639; 103.849000
24:Old National Library
782:eservice.nlb.gov.sg
554:Straits Times Forum
430:the ensuing years.
393:Raffles Institution
231:Japanese Occupation
194:Raffles Institution
177:Fort Canning Tunnel
63: /
1412:Arya Vedic Library
988:. 9 December 1998.
618:
488:
468:Skyline Vol. 35/88
389:
290:Lieutenant-Colonel
254:Straits Settlement
133:31 March 2004
1528:Defunct libraries
1470:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1348:library@esplanade
1343:library@chinatown
1070:The Straits Times
1053:The Straits Times
1036:The Straits Times
1019:The Straits Times
1002:The Straits Times
985:The Straits Times
968:The Straits Times
951:The Straits Times
934:The Straits Times
917:The Straits Times
891:The Straits Times
874:The Straits Times
857:The Straits Times
840:The Straits Times
823:The Straits Times
598:the Government's
383:(background) and
311:Fort Canning Hill
157:
156:
1540:
1417:Buddhist Library
1246:National Library
1236:
1235:
1208:
1201:
1194:
1185:
1184:
1123:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1113:on 16 March 2017
1103:
1097:
1096:
1094:
1092:
1081:
1075:
1074:
1064:
1058:
1057:
1047:
1041:
1040:
1030:
1024:
1023:
1013:
1007:
1006:
996:
990:
989:
979:
973:
972:
962:
956:
955:
945:
939:
938:
928:
922:
921:
911:
905:
902:
896:
895:
885:
879:
878:
877:. 17 March 1990.
868:
862:
861:
860:. 23 March 1989.
851:
845:
844:
834:
828:
827:
817:
811:
808:
802:
799:
793:
792:
790:
788:
773:
767:
764:
758:
755:
749:
746:
740:
739:
737:
735:
719:
706:
703:
694:
691:
685:
682:
650:
648:Singapore portal
645:
644:
643:
514:Revision in plan
470:(Jul/Aug 1988).
350:National Library
274:prisoners-of-war
235:Emperor of Japan
228:
226:
220:
219:
190:Stamford Raffles
143:
141:
136:
125:
123:
118:
106:National library
78:
77:
75:
74:
73:
68:
64:
61:
60:
59:
56:
33:
21:
20:
1548:
1547:
1543:
1542:
1541:
1539:
1538:
1537:
1473:
1472:
1471:
1462:
1446:
1400:
1358:library@orchard
1281:
1250:
1227:
1217:
1212:
1132:
1127:
1126:
1116:
1114:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1090:
1088:
1083:
1082:
1078:
1065:
1061:
1048:
1044:
1031:
1027:
1014:
1010:
997:
993:
981:
980:
976:
963:
959:
946:
942:
929:
925:
912:
908:
903:
899:
886:
882:
870:
869:
865:
853:
852:
848:
835:
831:
818:
814:
809:
805:
800:
796:
786:
784:
774:
770:
765:
761:
756:
752:
747:
743:
733:
731:
730:on 12 June 2007
720:
709:
704:
697:
692:
688:
683:
679:
674:
646:
641:
639:
636:
623:
586:
549:
536:Victoria Street
521:Cathay Building
516:
484:Victoria Street
476:
452:National Museum
439:
358:Yusof bin Ishak
346:
334:Raffles Library
307:British Council
286:
243:Shōnan Toshokan
224:Shōnan Toshokan
214:
206:
198:Raffles Library
186:
139:
137:
134:
121:
119:
116:
71:
69:
65:
62:
57:
54:
52:
50:
49:
40:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1546:
1536:
1535:
1530:
1525:
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1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1468:
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1460:
1454:
1452:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1444:
1439:
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1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1408:
1406:
1402:
1401:
1399:
1398:
1393:
1388:
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1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
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1289:
1287:
1283:
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1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1258:
1256:
1252:
1251:
1249:
1248:
1242:
1240:
1233:
1229:
1228:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1211:
1210:
1203:
1196:
1188:
1182:
1181:
1167:
1148:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1098:
1076:
1059:
1042:
1025:
1008:
991:
974:
957:
940:
923:
906:
897:
880:
863:
846:
829:
812:
803:
794:
768:
759:
750:
741:
707:
695:
686:
676:
675:
673:
670:
669:
668:
663:
658:
652:
651:
635:
632:
622:
619:
585:
584:Public dissent
582:
548:
545:
515:
512:
475:
472:
438:
432:
425:The Substation
416:Courtyard Cafe
405:Tao Nan School
381:Courtyard Cafe
345:
342:
327:Lee Foundation
298:Lee Kong Chian
285:
282:
258:Shenton Thomas
245:was headed by
205:
202:
185:
182:
155:
154:
149:
145:
144:
131:
127:
126:
113:
109:
108:
103:
99:
98:
84:
80:
79:
46:
45:
42:
41:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1545:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1480:
1478:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1453:
1449:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1409:
1407:
1403:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1363:Marine Parade
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1323:Choa Chu Kang
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1313:Bukit Panjang
1311:
1309:
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58:103°50′56.4″E
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37:Stamford Road
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1333:Geylang East
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1130:Bibliography
1115:. Retrieved
1111:the original
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1089:. Retrieved
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728:the original
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420:The Fountain
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385:The Fountain
384:
380:
370:bibliography
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362:Hedwig Anuar
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347:
344:New building
337:
336:was renamed
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266:
251:
242:
207:
204:World War II
197:
187:
160:
158:
18:
1422:Hon Sui Sen
1338:Jurong West
1308:Bukit Batok
607:Mah Bow Tan
229:during the
112:Established
70: /
55:1°17′44.3″N
1477:Categories
1373:Queenstown
1293:Ang Mo Kio
1179:9810516851
1117:3 February
672:References
600:S21 Vision
492:Parliament
409:Balustrade
315:Bras Basah
140:2004-03-31
122:1960-11-12
1391:Toa Payoh
1387:Serangoon
1378:Sembawang
1368:Pasir Ris
1318:Cheng San
1272:Woodlands
1152:K.K. Seet
621:Aftermath
574:symposium
508:Woodlands
173:Singapore
148:Branch of
130:Dissolved
96:Singapore
92:Singapore
1383:Sengkang
1328:Clementi
1267:Tampines
1255:Regional
1239:National
1154:(2005).
634:See also
500:Tampines
284:Post-war
269:European
239:Hirohito
210:Japanese
94:178896,
83:Location
1451:Defunct
1405:Private
1277:Punggol
1091:21 June
787:3 April
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576:at the
529:Orchard
504:Hougang
247:Marquis
213:Library
184:History
167:in the
138: (
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1286:Public
1262:Jurong
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1162:
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525:Marina
496:Yishun
450:, the
262:Malaya
1298:Bedok
1226:(NLB)
218:昭南図書館
1175:ISBN
1160:ISBN
1150:Dr.
1141:ISBN
1119:2015
1093:2007
789:2018
736:2007
506:and
418:and
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159:The
102:Type
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527:to
302:S$
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