Office on Violence Against Women

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Office had made to prevent and respond to domestic violence, sexual assault, dating violence, and stalking; to increase support for victims of sexual assault via expanding support services and improving the criminal justice system's response to sexual assault; to expand education about rape and its impact; to continue with the Office on Violence Against Women's initiative to reduce the rate of domestic violence homicide; and to provide appropriate services for low-income communities. She succeeded in what was her final goal: to encourage Congress to reauthorize the Violence Against Women Act, as President Obama reauthorized the Violence Against Women Act in March 2013.

3120: 605: 1075:. Now, under the Trump administration, only physical harm that could be prosecuted as a misdemeanor or felony can be considered by OVW as domestic violence. Similarly, whereas sexual assault had previously been defined by OVW as any sexual contact occurring "without the explicit consent of the recipient," now it is limited to only those acts that are already specifically prohibited by "Federal, tribal, or State law." According to Nanasi, the restrictive definitions inhibit OVW from pursuing broader policies to solve the problems of domestic violence and sexual assault. 773:

grant, institutions are required to "create a coordinated community response to violence against women on campus", including forging external partnerships with law enforcement, non-profit organizations and the courts, as well as internal relationships with on-campus offices and organizations. Additionally, the institutions must create a mandatory prevention and education program, a judicial or disciplinary board and provide for law enforcement training "to effectively respond in sexual assault, domestic violence, dating violence, and stalking cases on campus".

914:

this grant, this program will focus on the role that men hold in preventing (both directly and indirectly) violence against women by being their allies and supporters." In April 2011, the Department of Justice announced there would be $ 6.9 million in grants awarded to 23 projects. These initiatives were proposed by non-profit, state, and governmental institutions as a part of "OVW's ongoing commitment to support gender and culturally specific education on healthy relationships and strengthen existing community outreach efforts to men and boys"

699:, this program encourages law enforcement and criminal justice systems to improve their strategies and advocacy in response to violent crimes against women. This grant requires that state governments, organizations, and tribes "allocate 25 percent of the grant funds to law enforcement, 25 percent to prosecution, 5 percent to courts, and 30 percent to victim services. The remaining 15 percent is discretionary within the parameters of the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA)." According to Robert D. Evans representing the 818:

involvement of the entire criminal justice system." Additionally, "he Arrest Program challenges the community to listen, communicate, identify problems, and share ideas that will result in new responses to ensure victim safety and offender accountability". Purpose areas of the grant include pro-arrest programs in police departments, new policies and educational programs for judges and police, as well as coordinated computer tracking systems and centralized police enforcement of policies. E. Assata Wright for

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organizations with demonstrated experience in assisting elderly women or demonstrated experience in addressing sexual assault, domestic violence, dating violence, and stalking are eligible for this grant. Specific programs and areas of interest for this grant are focused on improving law enforcement, courts, government and community responses to sexual assault against victims over the age of 50 as well as providing for cross-training and enhancing services for victims.

1035:, partners in homosexual relationships say that they have encountered similar or greater levels of domestic violence in their lifetime than their straight counterparts. The 2013 re-authorization of the Violence Against Women Act proved to be more challenging than its last re-authorization in 2005, but the achieved changes focus mostly in who the Violence Against Women Act will now protect and how much money the Act allocates for helping those additional groups. 800:

victims of sexual violence and others collaterally affected " These services include advocacy, support groups, hotlines, crisis intervention, and training of agency members and outreach by agency members to make communities aware of the services that are available to them. Both grants provide for prevention efforts, research projects, criminal justice related projects, forensic medical examiner projects and training of other organizations or professionals.

527:

Homicide Prevention Demonstration Initiative and helped to elevate the discussion of sexual violence, including the redefining of rape in the Universal Crime Reporting Summer Reporting System. With her guidance, the Office on Violence Against Women also launched the Sexual Assault Demonstration Initiative, wrestled with reform for family courts regarding domestic violence, and expanded the Office on Violence Against Women's sphere internationally

923:

assault, and stalking may have on youth, and lessen the risks of their future victimization. By supporting programs that provide "direct counseling, advocacy, or mentoring ", and coordinating programs that refer families and children to direct services and service providers, the Children and Youth Exposed to Violence Grant Program aims to help "ictim service providers, tribal nonprofit organizations, and community-based organizations."

717:

centers. More specifically, the grants for the Sexual Assault Services Program help rape prevention clinics to provide up-to-date technology and methods of communication between young victims of sexual assault and caregivers. These public awareness campaigns play a critical role in informing teenagers of their rights and responsibilities with respect to sexual abuse. A fraction of the Sexual Assault Services Program's funds support the

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high-need areas and to address specific inadequacies, the funding process currently favors existing organizations. However, this may not be the most effective way of reaching communities with the greatest need". The Office on Violence Against Women has taken this criticism under consideration, and is currently in the process of finding new strategies to improve in these areas.

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prosecuting domestic violence, sexual assault and stalking and provided for the creation of new laws to address gaps in jurisdiction. According to the non-profit Break the Cycle, the community focus of many of these grants has made the legislation influential in improving services, advocacy, and responses by criminal justice across the country.

704:

personnel; and increased civil legal services for victims of domestic violence, especially in the areas of civil protection orders and family law matters." STOP grants (Services, Training, Officers, Prosecutors) were appropriated $ 175 million, and an additional $ 50 million went to Transitional Housing Assistance Grants. A

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mandatory arrest provisions, the provisions were removed from Violence Against Women Act in 2000. While reviewing and reauthorizing the Violence Against Women Act in 2000, Congress changed from "encourage mandatory arrest" policies to "encourage arrest" policies instead, which focus on arresting based on probable cause.

218:

Office on Violence Against Women awarded $ 450,000,000 of grants. For example, Sexual Assault Services Program assists victims of sexual assault and family members affected by it. Since its inception, Office on Violence Against Women has awarded over $ 6 billion in grants directed towards such projects.

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2005 for Fiscal Years 2007 through 2011. This program is designed to "support middle and high schools to develop and implement effective training, services, prevention strategies, policies, and coordinated community responses for student victims of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault,

913:

This program supports projects that create public education campaigns and community organizing to encourage men and boys to work as allies with women and girls to prevent sexual assault, domestic violence, dating violence, and stalking. According to Futures Without Violence, one of the recipients of

817:

The aim of this program is to promote "the Department of Justice's mission by encouraging State, local, and Tribal governments and State, local, and Tribal courts to treat sexual assault, domestic violence, dating violence, and stalking as serious violations of criminal law requiring the coordinated

781:

This grant aims to fund successful existing programs that serve specific groups of victims. In addition, the grant is designed to enhance the access that victims, children and families have to local services and resources. The focus of the grant is on community-based programs that provide culturally

299:

and is responsible for the legal and policy provisions that are implemented under the Violence Against Women Act. The Director of the Office on Violence Against Women also has ultimate control over all grants, cooperative agreements and contracts that the Office on Violence Against Women issues, and

973:

There have been critiques of the Office on Violence Against Women. Generally, the criticisms regard the implementation of the Office on Violence Against Women's programs and how effective the programs have been in actually decreasing domestic violence. While many scholars do not object to the idea

831:

The Tribal Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault Coalitions Program (Tribal Coalitions Program) targets non-profit organizations, groups and individuals to improve systems of advocacy in Indian Tribes in order to help the women living there. The Tribal Coalitions Program primarily pursues and works

989:

Other critics postulate that the VAWA does not allocate enough resources to men who suffer from domestic violence. There are claims that the Office on Violence Against Women portrays women as the only victims of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking, while men are solely

922:

The Violence Against Women Act of 2005 authorized the use of $ 20 million for the fiscal years 2007–2011 for the Children and Youth Exposed to Violence Grant program. This program specifically targets children: it is designed to decrease the effects that domestic violence, dating violence, sexual

904:

by awarding grant money for a period of 36 months by the creation of either a Sexual Assault or a Domestic Violence Docket, a Dedicated Sexual Assault or a Domestic Violence Court, or Specialized Court Enhancement. Additionally, courts may apply for funding for Judicial Education or Staff Training

840:

This program is designed to make it easier for victims of abuse or violence to get access to "civil and criminal legal assistance".". The main goal of the Legal Assistance Program is to provide representation for victims of violent crime through innovative, collaborative programs. Camille Carey in

772:

The "Grants to Reduce Domestic Violence, Dating Violence, Sexual Assault, and Stalking on Campus Program" give money to institutions of higher education to help them improve their services, policies and protocols regarding domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking. With this

746:

703:

in congressional testimony for the VAWA of 2005, "VAWA-funded programs, including the Civil Legal Assistance and STOP Grants programs, have improved and aided in the prosecution of domestic violence, sexual assault, and child abuse cases; provided necessary training and support for law enforcement

549:

Hanson served as the Acting Director of the Office on Violence Against Women until January 2017. Previously, she worked as the Principal Deputy Director of the Office on Violence Against Women (2011–2012). Her goals for her tenure as Acting Director were to maintain the financial commitments the

526:

in 2009 and confirmed by the Senate in early 2010. During her tenure as Director, the Office on Violence Against Women continued to press for the reauthorization of the Violence Against Women Act. While she was in Office, the Office on Violence Against Women also worked on the Domestic Violence

217:

that are awarded to communities across America. These grants are used to create successful partnerships between federal, state, tribal, and local authorities as well as provide helpful services to victims of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking. During fiscal year 2017,

1015:

to more trivial cases and leaving less monetary funding and judiciary assistance for the 'real' victims. At present, the Office on Violence Against Women's definition of domestic violence encompasses all forms of abuse, including those of an emotional, economic, psychological, physical and sexual

799:

The Sexual Assault Services Program, has a separate grant designated for Native American Tribes as well as another separate grant for nonprofits that support culturally specific communities. The goals of both of these grants are to "o provide direct intervention services and related assistance to

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in January 2009. She had also previously served in that role from January to October 2001. She joined the OVW in 1995 as one of original staff members, and started working as the deputy director of the office in 1997. In that capacity, she was responsible for public outreach and communications;

375:

in 2001, and then officially nominated by President Bush and confirmed by the Senate in 2003 (under the new provisions of the Office that mandate a formal nomination). As Director, Stuart increased grant and cooperative agreement awards by fifty percent, implemented the President's Family Justice

1054:

published an article arguing that "omestic violence is still a severely under-reported crime and some critics say mandatory arrest policies have exacerbated this problem." Furthermore, in Time Magazine the author concluded that "mandatory arrest laws remove the preferences of abused women from a

940:

By using information from the past and newer modeling techniques, this program aims to optimally respond to victims' needs after trauma. This program was highlighted in the Violence Against Women Act of 2005, which provides for training to prepare those who work with children and young adults to

716:

The Sexual Assault Services Program's mission is "to provide intervention, advocacy, accompaniment, support services, and related assistance" for all who are adversely affected by sexual assault. The utilities include a 24-hour sexual assault hotline and the maintenance/expansion of rape crisis

960:

Besides these specifically mentioned grant programs, the Senate bill that enacted the Violence Against Women Act also created National Domestic Violence Hotline and provided grants for police training and other additional training in the judicial system. The bill also reassessed current laws on

866:

1058:

The mandatory arrest policies were established in the original 1994 version of the Violence Against Women Act. These policies encouraged law enforcement to make arrests and move forward with domestic violence cases without the cooperation of victims. Contrary to what Time Magazine states about

863:

The Transitional Housing Assistance Program Grant for Victims of Domestic Violence, Dating Violence, Stalking, or Sexual Assault Program (Transitional Housing Assistance Program) aims to move victims to permanent housing by creating well-rounded, victim-centered transitional housing programs.

849:

The Rural Grant Program works to lessen the frequency and effect of sexual crimes occurring in rural areas. It utilizes a collaborative approaches among the community, including those members of the legal system, to offer victims as much support as possible. A study by Mitchell Brown for the

376:

Center Initiative, and developed the Safety for Indian Women Initiative. Under her supervision, the Office on Violence Against Women also developed and implemented the Judicial Demonstration Oversight Initiative, the "Greenbook" Initiative, and the Supervised Visitation Demonstration Program.

985:

stated that the "VAWA does not specifically target funds to areas that are in the greatest need-communities with the most intimate partner violence. Instead of being targeted, such organizations must apply for VAWA funding. Although some effort has been made to distribute funds to reach the

381: 226:

The Office on Violence Against Women is headed by a director. The principal deputy director serves under the director, and the deputy director for tribal affairs under the principal deputy director. On the third and lowest tier of the office rests Training and Technical Assistance, Program

808:

The objective of this grant is to address the needs of women 50 years and older by providing for training and other services that meet their specific needs." States, units of local government, Indian Tribal governments or Tribal organizations, nonprofit and nongovernmental victim services

790:

This program's mission is to promote organizations that provide services for women with disabilities. The grant targets individuals with disabilities and funds programs that supply education, advocacy, and outreach for them. The grant also provides for cross-training with participating

206:. The principal deputy director serves directly under the director, as do the deputy directors. Until January 2017, Bea Hanson, Ph.D., was the acting director and principal deputy director. When Hanson resigned in January 2017, Deputy Director Nadine M. Neufville became acting director. 1067:

In April 2018, OVW changed its definitions of “domestic violence” and “sexual assault." Previously, under the Obama administration, OVW had recognized "forms of emotional, economic, or psychological abuse" within the definition of domestic violence, according to Natalie Nanasi of the

931:

The Supervised Visitation and Safe Exchange Grant Program helps children of victims get the safe environment that they require to grow up emotionally healthy. Because domestic violence can be difficult on children, this program ensures that their safety is of paramount importance.

729:

This program creates statewide sexual assault coalitions that work with federal and local entities to support victims through advocacy, education, training and other services. According to the VAWA Measuring Effectiveness Initiative of the Muskie School of Public Service at the

407:(1987). With her guidance as Director, the Office on Violence Against Women opened the New Orleans Family Justice Center as part of the Family Justice Center concept, launched the National Teen Dating Abuse Hotline and released PSAs to increase education about domestic abuse. 954:

or stalking " The non-profit organization Break the Cycle notes that Services, Training, Education and Policies in the 2005 Violence Against Women Act will help both middle and high school students, and the schools themselves, to create safe environments for young victims.

175:(VAWA) of 1994. The Act was renewed in 2005, 2013 and again in 2022. The Violence Against Women Act legislation requires the Office on Violence Against Women to work to respond to and reduce violence against women in many different areas, including on 668:

The Office on Violence Against Women administers approximately 24 grant programs. Twenty programs use discretionary grant funds and four use formula grant funds. The Office can determine both how discretionary funds will be used and in what context.

500:; created the Office on Violence Against Women's technical assistance program; oversaw numerous demonstration initiatives; and implemented a comprehensive effort to measure the effectiveness of the Office on Violence Against Women's grant programs. 822:

notes that the mandatory arrest policy can be problematic with dual arresting because if a woman hits her abuser, she may be arrested in addition to the attacker, which discourages women from defending themselves and/or calling the police.

841:

the Columbia Journal of Gender and the Law noted that these grants generally go towards representation in family law cases and this can leave victims of domestic violence outside family court jurisdiction with their needs unmet.

854:

noted that this program contributed to modest positive improvements in communities that were affected by these grants, but that there was little evidence grants would have long term positive benefits beyond the grant period.

2460:"Services and Intimate Partner Violence in the United States: A County-Level Analysis."National Council of Family Relations:Journal of Marriage and Family, Vol. 67, No. 3 (Aug. 2005), pp. 565-578. Retrieved March 10, 2013. 1010:

believe that the Office on Violence Against Women should do more to promote a better image of marriage and healthy relationships and focus on real abuse crimes, instead of using the VAWA to expand the meaning of

1006:, have said that the Violence Against Women Act does not allocate enough funds or provide assistance to immigrant women, who they say often cannot receive state or federal assistance because of their status. 3243: 3178: 738:

of 2000 required the grant recipients and Attorney General to collect data that measures the effectiveness of each grant in the community where the money was donated in a semi-annual progress report.

673:

are must be distributed according to how the legislation describes. In order to receive funding under the formula grant program, the grant applicant must meet certain standards and qualifications.

721:, which contains resources related to sexual violence."VAWA 2005 authorized the appropriation of $ 50 million for each of Fiscal Years 2007 through 2011 for the Sexual Assault Services Program. 252:'s Coordinator for Domestic Violence since 1996. Stuart created Utah's first mobile crisis team; trained police officers would arrive at crime scenes to counsel victims and offer resources. 1903:

Zweig, Janine M.; Burt, Martha R. (2003). "Effects of Interactions among Community Agencies on Legal System Responses to Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault in Stop-Funded Communities".

1019:

The reauthorization of the Violence Against Women Act on February 28, 2013 was achieved despite some significant controversy in regards to the new provisions of the Act that include the

3104: 965:

Break the Cycle, the community focus of many of these grants has made the legislation influential in improving services, advocacy, and responses by criminal justice across the country.

791:

organizations, technical assistance to modify policies and protocols and funding to improve existing facilities to better serve deaf individuals or those with other disabilities.

3248: 2988: 3238: 2998: 2024: 708:

on this program and its effectiveness revealed that an increase of involvement of agencies with the community leads to a greater likelihood of programs experiencing success.

3109: 2923: 1204: 245:

Diane Stuart became director of the Office on Violence Against Women in October 2001. Stuart had been helping victims of domestic violence since 1989, and she worked as

1813: 2617: 2508: 946:

Services, Training, Education and Policies (STEP) to Reduce Domestic Violence, Dating Violence, Sexual Assault and Stalking in Secondary Schools Grant Program (STEP)

3228: 3173: 3268: 1890: 2731: 496:

helped launch OVW's Sexual Assault Services Program and the Culturally and Linguistically Specific Services Program; developed new grant programs created by the

3218: 3163: 3303: 3233: 2993: 2788: 2338: 3308: 1657: 3003: 2658: 1222: 3223: 3168: 961:

prosecuting domestic violence, sexual assault and stalking and provided for the creation of new laws to address gaps in jurisdiction. According to the

2916: 3253: 3183: 2945: 2861: 2155: 1094: 578:

Neufville has served as the Acting Director and deputy director of the Office on Violence Against Women since Hanson's resignation in January 2017

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for a budget period of 24 months to allow their staff to better address dating violence, sexual assault, domestic violence and stalking issues.

2203: 2129: 2251:

Wright, E. Assata (1998). "Not a Black And White Issue: For battered and abused Latinas and Black women, dialing 911 may be risky business".

2003: 2909: 77: 2100: 1830: 3063: 2700: 2556:

CDC – National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS) – Funded Programs – Violence Prevention – Injury"

2316:

Enhancing and Measuring Organizational Capacity: Assessing the Results of the U.S. Department of Justice Rural Pilot Program Evaluation"

2230: 2318: 2180: 1477: 1032: 991: 291:). The Director also serves in that role internationally, with Native American tribes in the country, and within other offices of the 2281: 1031:

opposed the reauthorization because of the additional provision that protects those minority communities. However, according to the

995: 3206: 3128: 2685:

CDC – National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS) – Funded Programs – Violence Prevention - Injury"

1385: 1114: 718: 179:

and in people's homes. VAWA requires Office on Violence Against Women to administer justice and strengthen services for victims of

3037: 832:

with judicial agencies and police to organize well-coordinated responses to sexual assault within the state, tribe or territory.

747:

with judicial agencies and police to organize well-coordinated responses to sexual assault within the state, tribe or territory.

268: 2871:"Evaluating the Effectiveness of Sex Offender Registration and Notification Policies for Reducing Sexual Violence against Women" 1764: 1148: 978:, some specialists have opinions about to whom, where and how the Office on Violence Against Women should allocate its funding. 3284: 1028: 404: 272: 2444: 2417: 2076: 2052: 1810: 3052: 2976: 2966: 400: 1706: 1551: 1531: 994:

offers that 13.8% of males have reported abuse, but supporting organizations of the Violence Against Women Act, such as the

3158: 3150: 2748: 2614: 2505: 1339: 1293:. Diane Stuart to Serve as Acting Director of the Office on Violence Against Women. February 3, 2003. Retrieved 2013-03-23. 2571: 2932: 1119: 696: 214: 210: 137: 2831: 461: 2723: 2637: 1508: 3022: 782:

and linguistically specific services to victims of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking.

2085:

Education, Training and Enhanced Services to End Violence Against and Abuse of Women with Disabilities Grant Program

2027: 1963: 1187: 1003: 292: 2335: 1055:

process that can leave them financially strapped and worried that the state will take custody of their children."

3083: 3013: 3008: 2495:"Domestic Violence Articles". Domestic Violence Statistics. 2010 and 2009 Abuse Stats. Retrieved March 20, 2013. 1834: 1793: 275:, tribal, and international governments in regards to matters concerning Violence Against Women (i.e., crimes of 2674:"VAWA fact sheet" National Task Force to End Sexual and Domestic Violence Against women. Retrieved March 1, 2013 1665: 3032: 2957: 1681: 982: 705: 296: 260: 199: 3188: 3047: 1069: 3041: 2315: 851: 731: 333: 239: 2535: 3193: 2516: 1007: 1593: 3273: 3140: 1124: 975: 787:

Education, Training and Enhanced Services to End Violence Against and Abuse of Women with Disabilities

735: 497: 172: 2371: 1637: 1356: 879:

Activities previously funded by these grant programs are supported by the Consolidated Youth Program.

464:

also received its two-millionth call while Dyer was Director of the Office on Violence Against Women.

3026: 3018: 1290: 949:

The Services, Training, Education and Policies program received an appropriation of $ 5 million from

692:

STOP (Services, Training, Officers, and Prosecutors) Violence Against Women Formula Grants to States

2303:

Correcting Myopia In Domestic Violence Advocacy: Moving Forward in Lawyering and Law School Clinics"

2200: 2126: 2073: 2000: 1877: 700: 2587:"Violence Against Women Act". National Network to End Domestic Violence. Retrieved March 10, 2013. 1947: 3258: 3088: 2834: 2750:

Violence Against Women Act of 1994 [As Amended Through P.L. 113–4, Enacted March 7, 2013]

1606: 962: 457: 441: 344:

Campbell was appointed the first director of the Office on Violence Against Women in March 1995.

2832:

Bohmer, Carol, Denise E. Bronson, Helen Hartnett, Jennifer Brandt, and Kristen S. Kania (1999).

2097: 3263: 3093: 3073: 3068: 2835:"Evaluation of Victim Advocacy Services Funded by the Violence Against Women Act in Urban Ohio" 1619: 1573: 2697: 2227: 1980: 2855: 2789:"Trump administration quietly changes definition of "domestic violence" and "sexual assault"" 2260: 2177: 236: 20: 2887:"Threat or opportunity?: sexuality, gender and the ebb and flow of trafficking as discourse" 2394: 1474: 2278: 1072: 604: 437: 264: 203: 2684: 2555: 2480:

State and Local Change and the Violence Against Women Act, Executive Summary, Final Report

1860: 1727:

Catherine Pierce's Remarks at Stop Violence Against Women and State Coalitions Conference"

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Governments for the first time under the Grants to Indian Tribal Governments Program. The

8: 1382: 1024: 2479: 1743: 1726: 805:

Enhanced Training and Services to End Violence and Abuse of Women Later in Life Program

242:

was appointed the first director of the Office on Violence Against Women in March 1995.

35: 1920: 1873: 1223:"Violence Against Women Act reauthorization is added to a $ 1.5 trillion spending bill" 391: 256: 2901: 2870: 1761: 198:

The Office on Violence Against Women is headed by a director, who is appointed by the

1924: 1129: 1089: 1012: 449: 276: 180: 2441: 2414: 2049: 1847: 796:

Tribal Sexual Assault Services Program and Sexual Assault Services Program-Cultural

2843: 1912: 1580:. United States Department of Justice. September 6, 2006. Retrieved March 20, 2013. 445: 436:

Dyer was nominated by President George W. Bush in August 2007 and confirmed by the

71: 19:"OVW" redirects here. For the Kentucky-based professional wrestling promotion, see 1703: 1548: 1528: 1346:

USDOJ: Office on Violence Against Women: Grant Programs. Retrieved March 23, 2013.

2953: 2704: 2641: 2621: 2575: 2539: 2512: 2448: 2421: 2378: 2342: 2285: 2234: 2207: 2184: 2133: 2104: 2080: 2056: 2031: 2007: 1967: 1817: 1797: 1768: 1710: 1644:. United States Department of Justice. January 3, 2008. Retrieved March 20, 2013. 1555: 1535: 1512: 1481: 1389: 1343: 1336: 1264: 1191: 1084: 1050: 284: 184: 2757: 2264: 1916: 1048:

While Congress was preparing to reauthorize Violence Against Women Act in 2013,

2597: 2568: 2302: 1104: 999: 372: 280: 188: 2886: 2469:"CDC Rape Prevention and Education Grant Program" CDC. Retrieved March 1, 2013 726:

State and Territorial Sexual Assault and Domestic Violence Coalitions Program

654: 3297: 998:, posit that that number has actually increased up to 37%. Others, including 897: 670: 640: 246: 123: 92: 79: 2634: 2305:

Columbia Journal of Gender and the Law. 21.1: 220-282. Retrieved 2013-04-21.

2228:

OVW Grants to Encourage Arrest Policies and Enforcement of Protection Orders

1505: 523: 492: 453: 249: 2847: 1960: 2962: 1981:

Grants to State: Sexual Assault and Domestic Violence Coalitions Program"

1184: 814:

Grants to Encourage Arrest Policies and Enforcement of Protection Orders

2358: 2201:

Grants to Encourage Arrest Policies and Enforcement of Protection Orders

2687:. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved March 15, 2013. 1790: 425: 259:

for the United States Department of Justice elevated the position to a

2884: 1970:. Office on Violence Against Women website. Retrieved March 22, 2013. 1850:. Office on Violence Against Women website. Retrieved March 23, 2013. 1771:. Office on Violence Against Women website. Retrieved March 20, 2013. 901: 348: 1863:. VAWA Measuring Effectiveness Initiative. Retrieved March 22, 2013. 1620:

USDOJ Observes National Teen Violence Awareness and Prevention Week"

778:

Culturally and Linguistically Specific Services for Victims Program

213:, the Office on Violence Against Women receives federal funding for 3078: 2558:. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved 2013-03-15. 1363:. United States Department of Justice. Retrieved February 23, 2018. 1109: 928:

Safe Havens: Supervised Visitation and Safe Exchange Grant Program

411: 288: 192: 1484:" Utah State University. September 2003. Retrieved March 18, 2013. 380: 3064:

Executive Office for Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Forces

1893:. Concerned Women for America. May 5, 2010. Retrieved 2013-03-22. 1800:. Office on Violence Against Women website. Retrieved 2013-03-23. 828:

Grants to Tribal Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault Coalitions

743:

Grants to Tribal Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault Coalitions

2532: 1811:

Domestic Violence Homicide Prevention Demonstration Initiative"

227:

Development and Evaluation and Demonstration/Special Projects.

176: 2451:. Office on Violence Against Women STEP. Retrieved 2013-03-21. 148: 2840:

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research

2817: 2604:. National Council of Jewish Women. Retrieved April 21, 2013. 554: 468: 937:

Services to Advocate for and Respond to Youth Grant Program

1820:. Office on Violence Against Women website. March 23, 2013. 1684:. Results.gov for George W. Bush. Retrieved March 20, 2013. 1099: 1020: 950: 3079:

INTERPOL Washington--United States National Central Bureau

1950:. Break the Cycle. July 19, 2005. Retrieved March 21, 2013 3159:

Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States

1194:. Office on Violence Against Women. Retrieved 2013-03-23. 2098:

Training to End Violence Against Women with Disabilities

2050:

Enhancing Cultural and Linguistically Specific Resources

1744:

Cindy Dyer Farewell Message Cindy Dyer Farewell Message"

1205:

House Renews Violence Against Women Amidst GOP Fissures"

2931: 2743: 2741: 2659:

Violence Against Women Act Held Up by Tribal Land Issue

2527: 2525: 1267:

Office on Violence Against Women. Retrieved 2013-03-23.

753: 2001:

Tribal Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault Coalitions

565: 3105:

Department of Justice Office of the Inspector General

2885:

Saunders, Penelope & Soderlund, Gretchen (2003).

2868: 2381:. Futures Without Violence. Retrieved April 11, 2013. 919:

Children and Youth Exposed to Violence Grant Program

874: 2738: 2624:. Concerned Women For America. Retrieved 2013-03-23. 2542:

Women Against VAWA Excess. Retrieved March 22, 2013.

2522: 3004:

Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives

2724:"What's Wrong with the Violence Against Women Act?" 491:Pierce was designated acting director by President 479: 2833: 2717: 2715: 2713: 2533:Women Supporting Reforming Domestic Violence laws" 1523: 1521: 615: 588: 510: 330: 1529:Office on Violence Against Women Acting Director" 676: 267:. The Director serves as the liaison between the 3295: 2946:Robert F. Kennedy Department of Justice Building 1995: 1993: 1095:Post-assault treatment of sexual assault victims 637: 2710: 2372:Engaging Men to Prevent Violence Against Women" 2034:. Grants.gov. 2013-02-15. Retrieved 2013-03-18. 1518: 359: 3151:Office of Community Oriented Policing Services 2415:Children and Youth Exposed to Violence Program 2162:. February 21, 2012. Retrieved March 21, 2013. 1568: 1566: 1564: 1416: 1414: 1211:. February 28, 2013. Retrieved March 23, 2013. 456:Under her direction, the OVW awarded money to 2917: 2777:Violence Against Women Act of 2000 § 104 (b). 2773: 2771: 1990: 1453:"Utah woman named to federal violence post". 537: 422: 3304:United States Department of Justice agencies 3069:Executive Office for United States Attorneys 2860:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 2395:DOJ Announcement for Grants for Engaging Men 2121: 2119: 2117: 2074:End Violence Against Women with Disabilities 1676: 1674: 1652: 1650: 399:Buchanan (acting director) is a graduate of 3309:Violence against women in the United States 3189:Executive Office for United States Trustees 3060:Professional Responsibility Advisory Office 2869:Letourn, Elizabeth J.; et al. (2010). 2696:VAWA 2005:H.R.3402 with Senate Amendments" 2361:. Futures Without Violence. April 11, 2013. 2044: 2042: 2040: 1891:Senate Committee on the Judiciary for VAWA" 1588: 1586: 1561: 1506:" Office on Violence Against Women Director 1500: 1498: 1496: 1494: 1492: 1490: 1411: 1331: 1329: 1327: 1325: 1323: 1321: 1319: 837:Legal Assistance for Victims Grant Program 300:oversees a budget of almost $ 400 million. 3244:Environment and Natural Resources Division 3179:Environment and Natural Resources Division 2924: 2910: 2768: 2319:American Society for Public Administration 2279:Legal Assistance for Victims Grant Program 1746:. USDOJ website. Retrieved March 20, 2013. 1713:. USDOJ website. Retrieved March 20, 2013. 1622:. USDOJ website. Retrieved March 20, 2013. 1558:. USDOJ website. Retrieved March 18, 2013. 1538:. USDOJ website. Retrieved March 18, 2013. 1440:"UPI's Capital Comment for Feb. 4, 2003". 1317: 1315: 1313: 1311: 1309: 1307: 1305: 1303: 1301: 1299: 1179: 1177: 1175: 1173: 1171: 1169: 1033:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 263:appointment requiring confirmation by the 2222: 2220: 2150: 2148: 2146: 2114: 1902: 1756: 1754: 1752: 1698: 1696: 1694: 1692: 1690: 1671: 1647: 1185:USDOJ: Office on Violence Against Women" 1062: 2489: 2454: 2409: 2407: 2325:(4): 506-515. Retrieved April 21, 2013. 2172: 2170: 2168: 2037: 1942: 1940: 1938: 1936: 1934: 1848:Sexual Assault Demonstration Initiative" 1583: 1574:Statement of Diane Stuart's Resignation" 1487: 1400: 1398: 1377: 1375: 1373: 1371: 1369: 1259: 1257: 1255: 1253: 1251: 1249: 1247: 1245: 1243: 1115:United States Associate Attorney General 1043: 896:This program is designed to improve the 893:Court Training and Improvements Program 719:National Sexual Violence Resource Center 522:Judge Carbon was appointed by President 440:in December 2007. She is a graduate of 3038:Executive Office for Immigration Review 2721: 2436: 2434: 2336:Court Training and Improvements Program 1985:VAWA Measuring Effectiveness Initiative 1785: 1783: 1781: 1779: 1777: 1721: 1719: 1632: 1630: 1628: 1296: 1265:DOJ: JMD: Mission and Functions Manual" 1166: 3296: 2786: 2598:Congress Fights Violence Against Women 2550: 2548: 2389: 2387: 2250: 2217: 2156:Tribal Sexual Assault Program Overview 2143: 1948:Committee for Reauthorization of VAWA" 1749: 1687: 1515:. USDOJ website. Retrieved 2013-03-18. 1469: 1467: 1465: 1463: 1436: 1434: 1432: 1430: 405:University of Pittsburgh School of Law 3053:Office of Professional Responsibility 2905: 2561: 2404: 2359:Curbing Violence on College Campuses" 2165: 1931: 1424:(Cedar Falls, Iowa). October 7, 2017. 1395: 1366: 1285: 1283: 1281: 1279: 1277: 1275: 1273: 1240: 1220: 968: 401:California University of Pennsylvania 2878:Medical University of South Carolina 2734:from the original on March 22, 2023. 2431: 1774: 1716: 1638:Cindy Dyer Appointment Announcement" 1625: 1607:National Advisory Committee Minutes" 754:Current discretionary grant programs 303: 2933:United States Department of Justice 2722:Pickert, Kate (February 27, 2013). 2545: 2484:United States Department of Justice 2399:United States Department of Justice 2384: 1682:Resources for the President's Team" 1599: 1475:USU Alumni Spotlight - Diane Stuart 1460: 1427: 1357:FY 2017 OVW Grant Awards by Program 1120:United States Department of Justice 860:Transitional Housing Grant Program 211:United States Department of Justice 138:United States Department of Justice 13: 2825: 1704:Catherine Pierce, Acting Director" 1270: 990:perpetrators of these crimes. The 875:Formerly authorized grant programs 462:National Domestic Violence Hotline 371:Stuart was appointed by President 14: 3320: 3023:National Institute of Corrections 2809: 2787:Derysh, Igor (January 23, 2019). 1578:Office on Violence Against Women 1457:(Ogden, Utah). September 8, 2001. 663: 3146:Office on Violence Against Women 3118: 3074:United States Attorneys' Offices 2646:Office of Violence Against Women 2426:Office on Violence Against Women 2347:Office on Violence Against Women 2290:Office on Violence Against Women 2239:Office on Violence Against Women 2189:Office on Violence Against Women 2138:Office on Violence Against Women 2109:Office on Violence Against Women 2061:Office on Violence Against Women 2012:Office on Violence Against Women 1731:Office of Violence Against Women 1642:Office on Violence Against Women 1361:Office on Violence Against Women 1004:National Council of Jewish Women 713:Sexual Assault Services Program 653: 603: 553: 467: 410: 379: 347: 293:United States Federal Government 165:Office on Violence Against Women 34: 29:Office on Violence Against Women 3084:United States Parole Commission 3014:Federal Bureau of Investigation 3009:Drug Enforcement Administration 2780: 2690: 2677: 2668: 2651: 2627: 2607: 2590: 2581: 2498: 2472: 2463: 2364: 2352: 2328: 2308: 2295: 2271: 2244: 2194: 2090: 2066: 2017: 1973: 1953: 1896: 1883: 1866: 1853: 1840: 1835:Federal Bureau of Investigation 1823: 1803: 1736: 1612: 1541: 1447: 910:Engaging Men and Youth Program 295:. The Director reports to the 221: 3033:United States Marshals Service 1905:Criminal Justice Policy Review 1349: 1221:Davis, Susan (March 9, 2022). 1214: 1197: 1141: 1023:community, Native Tribes, and 983:Journal of Marriage and Family 706:Criminal Justice Policy Review 677:Current formula grant programs 1: 3269:Office of Legislative Affairs 3098:Office of Legislative Affairs 3048:Office of the Pardon Attorney 1135: 1070:Southern Methodist University 1038: 1029:U.S. House of representatives 3198:Office for Access to Justice 3155:Office of Information Policy 3042:Board of Immigration Appeals 1422:Waterloo-Cedar Falls Courier 1027:. Twenty-two members of the 941:diagnose and treat victims. 852:Public Administration Review 732:University of Southern Maine 171:) was created following the 7: 3249:Justice Management Division 3194:Community Relations Service 2989:Justice Management Division 2665:. Retrieved March 10, 2013. 2648:. Retrieved March 20, 2013. 2517:Concerned Women For America 2428:. Retrieved March 18, 2013. 2401:. Retrieved April 11, 2013. 2349:. Retrieved March 18, 2013. 2292:. Retrieved March 21, 2013. 2241:. Retrieved March 21, 2013. 2214:. Retrieved March 21, 2013. 2087:. Retrieved March 18, 2013. 2063:. Retrieved March 18, 2013. 2014:. Retrieved March 21, 2013. 1987:. Retrieved March 22, 2013. 1917:10.1177/0887403403014002006 1861:STOP Formula Grant Program" 1837:. Retrieved March 24, 2013. 1733:. Retrieved March 20, 2013. 1609:. Retrieved March 20, 2013. 1078: 1008:Concerned Women for America 230: 53:; 29 years ago 10: 3325: 3274:Office of Justice Programs 3239:National Security Division 3141:Office of Justice Programs 2999:National Security Division 2707:. Retrieved April 15, 2013 2486:. Retrieved March 1, 2013. 2132:February 18, 2013, at the 2127:SASP Cultural Solicitation 2111:. Retrieved March 20, 2013 1889:Crouse, Janice S., Ph.D. " 1762:Susan Carbon Official Bio" 1662:The American Law Institute 1594:Buchanan Farewell Message" 1442:United Press International 1125:Violence Against Women Act 976:Violence Against Women Act 736:Violence Against Women Act 498:Violence Against Women Act 173:Violence Against Women Act 18: 3282: 3205: 3127: 3116: 3027:Federal Prison Industries 2975: 2939: 2578:Retrieved March 10, 2013. 2314:Brown, Mitchell (2012). " 1392:Retrieved March 23, 2013. 884: 760: 683: 143: 133: 116: 108: 65: 47: 42: 33: 3110:Special Counsel's Office 3101:Office of Public Affairs 3057:Office of Tribal Justice 2301:Carey, Camille (2011). " 1878:American Bar Association 1831:Revised Rape Definition" 1408:. March 21, 1995. p. A4. 701:American Bar Association 442:Texas A&M University 3259:Office of Legal Counsel 3089:Office of Legal Counsel 2967:Deputy Attorney General 2615:The problems with VAWA" 2574:April 13, 2013, at the 2538:April 28, 2013, at the 2506:The problems with VAWA" 1880:. Retrieved 2013-03-22. 1658:Biography of Cindy Dyer 1596:. Retrieved 2013-03-20. 1554:April 12, 2013, at the 1511:April 12, 2013, at the 1388:April 12, 2013, at the 1291:2003 OJP Press Release" 1025:undocumented immigrants 963:non-profit organization 93:38.906827°N 77.004645°W 3264:Office of Legal Policy 3094:Office of Legal Policy 2891:Canadian Woman Studies 2703:June 24, 2013, at the 2519:. Retrieved 2013-03-23 2341:June 13, 2013, at the 2284:June 13, 2013, at the 2233:June 13, 2013, at the 2183:June 13, 2013, at the 2103:June 13, 2013, at the 2006:June 13, 2013, at the 1966:June 13, 2013, at the 1816:June 13, 2013, at the 1767:June 13, 2013, at the 1709:June 13, 2013, at the 1534:June 13, 2013, at the 1063:Definition of violence 3229:Civil Rights Division 3174:Civil Rights Division 2848:10.3886/icpsr02992.v2 2640:May 17, 2012, at the 2178:Later in Life Program 1668:on February 22, 2014. 1044:Mandatory arrest laws 769:Campus Grant Program 697:Department of Justice 237:Iowa Attorney General 202:and confirmed by the 98:38.906827; -77.004645 21:Ohio Valley Wrestling 2763:on December 23, 2016 2160:Tribal Youth Program 1549:Reports to Congress" 1383:2013 Campus Program" 1149:"Funding Highlights" 1073:Dedman School of Law 846:Rural Grant Program 209:As an office in the 112:$ 413 million (2013) 16:US government agency 1444:. February 4, 2003. 568:Nadine M. Neufville 89: / 30: 3219:Antitrust Division 3164:Antitrust Division 2663:The New York Times 2620:2013-05-24 at the 2511:2013-05-24 at the 2447:2013-06-13 at the 2420:2013-06-13 at the 2377:2013-08-01 at the 2206:2013-03-01 at the 2079:2008-11-16 at the 2055:2013-06-13 at the 2030:2013-02-27 at the 1872:Evans, Robert D. " 1796:2013-02-22 at the 1480:2010-06-03 at the 1342:2014-07-13 at the 1209:The New York Times 1190:2014-07-13 at the 969:Funding criticisms 403:(1984) and of the 392:Mary Beth Buchanan 257:authorization bill 163:The United States 28: 3291: 3290: 3285:Solicitor General 3234:Criminal Division 3019:Bureau of Prisons 2994:Criminal Division 2635:Domestic Violence 1455:Standard-Examiner 1406:The Seattle Times 1404:"Capital Watch". 1090:Domestic violence 1013:domestic violence 981:A study from the 958: 957: 872: 871: 751: 750: 695:According to the 661: 660: 450:Baylor Law School 304:List of directors 277:domestic violence 181:domestic violence 161: 160: 3316: 3122: 3121: 2958:Attorney General 2926: 2919: 2912: 2903: 2902: 2898: 2881: 2875: 2865: 2859: 2851: 2837: 2821: 2820: 2818:Official website 2804: 2803: 2801: 2799: 2784: 2778: 2775: 2766: 2764: 2762: 2756:, archived from 2755: 2745: 2736: 2735: 2719: 2708: 2694: 2688: 2681: 2675: 2672: 2666: 2655: 2649: 2631: 2625: 2611: 2605: 2594: 2588: 2585: 2579: 2565: 2559: 2552: 2543: 2529: 2520: 2502: 2496: 2493: 2487: 2476: 2470: 2467: 2461: 2458: 2452: 2438: 2429: 2411: 2402: 2391: 2382: 2368: 2362: 2356: 2350: 2332: 2326: 2312: 2306: 2299: 2293: 2275: 2269: 2268: 2248: 2242: 2224: 2215: 2198: 2192: 2174: 2163: 2152: 2141: 2123: 2112: 2094: 2088: 2070: 2064: 2046: 2035: 2021: 2015: 1997: 1988: 1977: 1971: 1957: 1951: 1944: 1929: 1928: 1900: 1894: 1887: 1881: 1870: 1864: 1857: 1851: 1844: 1838: 1827: 1821: 1807: 1801: 1787: 1772: 1758: 1747: 1740: 1734: 1723: 1714: 1700: 1685: 1678: 1669: 1664:. Archived from 1654: 1645: 1634: 1623: 1616: 1610: 1603: 1597: 1590: 1581: 1570: 1559: 1545: 1539: 1525: 1516: 1502: 1485: 1471: 1458: 1451: 1445: 1438: 1425: 1420:"Metro Briefs". 1418: 1409: 1402: 1393: 1379: 1364: 1353: 1347: 1333: 1294: 1287: 1268: 1261: 1238: 1237: 1235: 1233: 1218: 1212: 1201: 1195: 1181: 1164: 1163: 1161: 1159: 1153: 1145: 882: 881: 758: 757: 681: 680: 657: 645: 644: 643: 621: 620: 619: 607: 594: 593: 592: 571: 570: 569: 557: 543: 542: 541: 516: 515: 514: 485: 484: 483: 482:Catherine Pierce 471: 430: 429: 428: 414: 383: 365: 364: 363: 351: 338: 337: 336: 308: 307: 297:Attorney General 177:college campuses 157: 154: 152: 150: 117:Agency executive 104: 103: 101: 100: 99: 94: 90: 87: 86: 85: 82: 72:Washington, D.C. 69:145 N Street NE, 61: 59: 54: 38: 31: 27: 3324: 3323: 3319: 3318: 3317: 3315: 3314: 3313: 3294: 3293: 3292: 3287: 3278: 3210: 3208: 3201: 3132: 3130: 3123: 3119: 3114: 2980: 2978: 2971: 2954:Merrick Garland 2935: 2930: 2873: 2853: 2852: 2828: 2826:Further reading 2816: 2815: 2812: 2807: 2797: 2795: 2785: 2781: 2776: 2769: 2760: 2753: 2747: 2746: 2739: 2720: 2711: 2705:Wayback Machine 2695: 2691: 2682: 2678: 2673: 2669: 2656: 2652: 2642:Wayback Machine 2632: 2628: 2622:Wayback Machine 2612: 2608: 2595: 2591: 2586: 2582: 2576:Wayback Machine 2566: 2562: 2553: 2546: 2540:Wayback Machine 2530: 2523: 2513:Wayback Machine 2503: 2499: 2494: 2490: 2477: 2473: 2468: 2464: 2459: 2455: 2449:Wayback Machine 2442:STEP Factsheet" 2439: 2432: 2422:Wayback Machine 2412: 2405: 2392: 2385: 2379:Wayback Machine 2369: 2365: 2357: 2353: 2343:Wayback Machine 2333: 2329: 2313: 2309: 2300: 2296: 2286:Wayback Machine 2276: 2272: 2249: 2245: 2235:Wayback Machine 2225: 2218: 2208:Wayback Machine 2199: 2195: 2185:Wayback Machine 2175: 2166: 2153: 2144: 2134:Wayback Machine 2124: 2115: 2105:Wayback Machine 2095: 2091: 2081:Wayback Machine 2071: 2067: 2057:Wayback Machine 2047: 2038: 2032:Wayback Machine 2025:Campus Program" 2022: 2018: 2008:Wayback Machine 1998: 1991: 1978: 1974: 1968:Wayback Machine 1958: 1954: 1945: 1932: 1901: 1897: 1888: 1884: 1871: 1867: 1858: 1854: 1845: 1841: 1828: 1824: 1818:Wayback Machine 1808: 1804: 1798:Wayback Machine 1788: 1775: 1769:Wayback Machine 1759: 1750: 1741: 1737: 1724: 1717: 1711:Wayback Machine 1701: 1688: 1679: 1672: 1655: 1648: 1635: 1626: 1617: 1613: 1604: 1600: 1591: 1584: 1571: 1562: 1556:Wayback Machine 1546: 1542: 1536:Wayback Machine 1526: 1519: 1513:Wayback Machine 1503: 1488: 1482:Wayback Machine 1472: 1461: 1452: 1448: 1439: 1428: 1419: 1412: 1403: 1396: 1390:Wayback Machine 1380: 1367: 1354: 1350: 1344:Wayback Machine 1337:Grant Programs" 1334: 1297: 1288: 1271: 1262: 1241: 1231: 1229: 1219: 1215: 1202: 1198: 1192:Wayback Machine 1182: 1167: 1157: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1146: 1142: 1138: 1085:Dating violence 1081: 1065: 1046: 1041: 971: 877: 756: 679: 666: 639: 638: 618:Allison Randall 617: 616: 591:Laura L. Rogers 590: 589: 567: 566: 539: 538: 513:Susan B. Carbon 512: 511: 481: 480: 424: 423: 361: 360: 334:Bonnie Campbell 332: 331: 306: 285:dating violence 240:Bonnie Campbell 233: 224: 185:dating violence 147: 129: 97: 95: 91: 88: 83: 80: 78: 76: 75: 74: 70: 57: 55: 52: 43:Agency overview 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3322: 3312: 3311: 3306: 3289: 3288: 3283: 3280: 3279: 3277: 3276: 3271: 3266: 3261: 3256: 3251: 3246: 3241: 3236: 3231: 3226: 3224:Civil Division 3221: 3215: 3213: 3203: 3202: 3200: 3199: 3196: 3191: 3186: 3181: 3176: 3171: 3169:Civil Division 3166: 3161: 3156: 3153: 3148: 3143: 3137: 3135: 3125: 3124: 3117: 3115: 3113: 3112: 3107: 3102: 3099: 3096: 3091: 3086: 3081: 3076: 3071: 3066: 3061: 3058: 3055: 3050: 3045: 3035: 3030: 3016: 3011: 3006: 3001: 2996: 2991: 2985: 2983: 2973: 2972: 2970: 2969: 2960: 2950: 2949: 2943:Headquarters: 2940: 2937: 2936: 2929: 2928: 2921: 2914: 2906: 2900: 2899: 2882: 2866: 2827: 2824: 2823: 2822: 2811: 2810:External links 2808: 2806: 2805: 2779: 2767: 2737: 2709: 2689: 2676: 2667: 2650: 2626: 2606: 2589: 2580: 2560: 2544: 2521: 2497: 2488: 2471: 2462: 2453: 2430: 2403: 2383: 2363: 2351: 2327: 2307: 2294: 2270: 2243: 2216: 2193: 2164: 2142: 2113: 2089: 2065: 2036: 2016: 1989: 1972: 1952: 1930: 1911:(2): 249–272. 1895: 1882: 1865: 1852: 1839: 1822: 1802: 1773: 1748: 1735: 1715: 1686: 1670: 1646: 1624: 1611: 1598: 1582: 1560: 1540: 1517: 1486: 1459: 1446: 1426: 1410: 1394: 1365: 1348: 1295: 1269: 1239: 1213: 1196: 1165: 1139: 1137: 1134: 1133: 1132: 1130:Women's rights 1127: 1122: 1117: 1112: 1107: 1105:Sexual assault 1102: 1097: 1092: 1087: 1080: 1077: 1064: 1061: 1045: 1042: 1040: 1037: 1000:Connie Morella 970: 967: 956: 955: 947: 943: 942: 938: 934: 933: 929: 925: 924: 920: 916: 915: 911: 907: 906: 894: 890: 889: 886: 876: 873: 870: 869: 861: 857: 856: 847: 843: 842: 838: 834: 833: 829: 825: 824: 815: 811: 810: 806: 802: 801: 797: 793: 792: 788: 784: 783: 779: 775: 774: 770: 766: 765: 762: 755: 752: 749: 748: 744: 740: 739: 727: 723: 722: 714: 710: 709: 693: 689: 688: 685: 678: 675: 671:formula grants 665: 664:Grant programs 662: 659: 658: 651: 649: 646: 635: 631: 630: 628: 626: 623: 613: 609: 608: 601: 599: 596: 586: 582: 581: 579: 576: 573: 563: 559: 558: 551: 547: 544: 535: 531: 530: 528: 520: 517: 508: 504: 503: 501: 489: 486: 477: 473: 472: 465: 434: 431: 420: 416: 415: 408: 397: 394: 389: 385: 384: 377: 373:George W. Bush 369: 366: 357: 353: 352: 345: 342: 339: 328: 324: 323: 321: 318: 315: 312: 305: 302: 281:sexual assault 232: 229: 223: 220: 215:federal grants 189:sexual assault 159: 158: 145: 141: 140: 135: 131: 130: 128: 127: 120: 118: 114: 113: 110: 106: 105: 67: 63: 62: 49: 45: 44: 40: 39: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3321: 3310: 3307: 3305: 3302: 3301: 3299: 3286: 3281: 3275: 3272: 3270: 3267: 3265: 3262: 3260: 3257: 3255: 3252: 3250: 3247: 3245: 3242: 3240: 3237: 3235: 3232: 3230: 3227: 3225: 3222: 3220: 3217: 3216: 3214: 3212: 3204: 3197: 3195: 3192: 3190: 3187: 3185: 3182: 3180: 3177: 3175: 3172: 3170: 3167: 3165: 3162: 3160: 3157: 3154: 3152: 3149: 3147: 3144: 3142: 3139: 3138: 3136: 3134: 3126: 3111: 3108: 3106: 3103: 3100: 3097: 3095: 3092: 3090: 3087: 3085: 3082: 3080: 3077: 3075: 3072: 3070: 3067: 3065: 3062: 3059: 3056: 3054: 3051: 3049: 3046: 3043: 3039: 3036: 3034: 3031: 3028: 3024: 3020: 3017: 3015: 3012: 3010: 3007: 3005: 3002: 3000: 2997: 2995: 2992: 2990: 2987: 2986: 2984: 2982: 2974: 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