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of Der Ring. The 1930 debate over 'disurbanism' saw the OSA leadership (particularly
Ginzburg) throw itself behind the theory, which had dire consequences when the movement was condemned by a Politburo statement. The journal was wound up in 1930, and OSA briefly became SASS (Section of Architects for
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or 'Contemporary
Architecture'). It published material by Soviet and overseas contributors. However this led to them being attacked as a 'Western' group and some individuals as being 'bourgeois'. After the closure of the group, their modernist approach to architecture and town planning was eliminated
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OSA took an avant-garde position with respect to urban planning as well as architecture, one that sometimes differed from the position of the
Communist Party. In 1926-29 they were active in propagandising collective houses and pioneered the notion of the
88:. Unlike the earlier association the OSA group claimed for itself the name Constructivist, in that it was, in its utilitarianism and concentration on function rather than form, an architectural equivalent to the experiments of 'artistic'
127:. As well as publishing on the built projects of Modernism, the journal published experimental projects by VKhUTEMAS students such as Lydia Komarova's Comintern project, the strange pod houses of Sokolov, and the works of
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apartments) for the purposes of mass production. However, by 1929 there was a shift in the group's theory away from collective city blocks to 'disurbanism', perhaps influenced by the brutalities of forced
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Socialist
Construction) before being merged into the state architecture union. The group's members continued to practice in a Modernist fashion until 1934 and the official ushering in of
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406:
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There are several examples of built works designed by OSA members in the USSR. These include Moisei
Ginzburg's apartment blocks (on Gogolsky Boulevard, Moscow, another in
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in
Germany: agitating for Modern architecture and construction methods, and polemicising against the Classicism and Eclecticism that would eventually coalesce into
235:
274:
trenchantly defended
Leonidov, but this was a sign of what was to come, with Mikhail Barsch being targeted in an 'anti-bourgeois' campaign at VKhUTEMAS/VKhUTEIN.
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219:
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would publish articles on a variety of subjects, including a symposium on flat roofs, a special issue on colour in architecture, and discussions of
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131:. Articles in the journal was mainly in Russian, though occasionally parts of it were in German, highlighting the group's affinities with the
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195:, such as Moscow Planetarium (with Sinyakvsky) and the Gostorg office block (as part of a team headed by Boris Velikovsky); works by
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259:
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324:
With the general rehabilitation of
Modernism in the 1960s the issues of SA were reprinted, after decades of suppression.
300:'s theories of using telecommunications, roads and infrastructure to create diffuse, semi-rural cities were published in
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515:
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471:
578:
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exhibition) and the large collective house for the students in Moscow; and the workers' housing designed by
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588:
36:
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123:, who also designed the distinctive grid pattern of the covers. Photography was occasionally by
287:. OSA architects were employed by the state to develop a standard for apartment buildings (the
199:, such as the electrical-technical complex in Moscow (with Fissenko; this work was featured in
144:
155:
89:
8:
421:
366:
124:
258:, and their technologically advanced, fantastic nature led to harsh criticisms from the
31:
Group (Organization of
Contemporary Architects) was an architectural association in the
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297:
270:, coining the phrase 'Leonidovism' to attack this 'Western' group: in a 1929 editorial
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Architecture or
Revolution - a discussion of the OSA, the CIAM and disurbanism
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92:. OSA was in many ways the architectural wing of the socialist Modernists of
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230:. A small CIAM meeting with the OSA group was held in Moscow in 1932, with
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35:, which was active from 1925 to 1930 and considered the first group of
119:(who was also a contributor to the journal). The design was mainly by
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Russian Avant-Garde - Theories of Architecture, Urbanism and the City
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Boris Velikovsky with Barsch, Gaken et al., Gostorg Building, 1926.
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JSTOR - The murder of Mikhail Okhitovich, by Hugh D. Hudson Jr
16:
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Modern Architectural Theory: a historical survey, 1673-1968
200:
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in the Soviet Union by 1934, in favour of social realism.
277:
218:
The OSA group's leading theorists were members of the
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were produced with his input, only to be defeated by
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department store in Moscow, and the Ivanovo bank and
139:. The group was, however, the Soviet counterpart of
60:group, OSA grew out of the avant-garde wing of the
570:
304:, and the group's proposals for the new town of
96:, and likewise set up its own journal in 1926.
544:Frederick Starr, 'Visionary Town Planning' in
439:Soviet urban planning ideologies of the 1920s
246:featured specially built buildings by OSA's
51:
328:Some OSA Members and other contributors to
84:) and the painter, designer and architect
444:
466:p240 (Cambridge University Press, 2005)
222:from 1928 until 1933, with Ginzburg and
154:
15:
175:buildings); the 1920s-'30s work of the
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546:Cultural Revolution in Russia 1928-31
486:p133 (Oxford University Press, 2002)
278:From collective houses to disurbanism
13:
14:
610:
552:
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584:Architecture in the Soviet Union
317:. Most OSA members survived the
528:Pioneers of Soviet Architecture
20:Cover of SA, 1927, designed by
540:The CIAM discourse on Urbanism
476:
456:
1:
462:Dr Harry Francis Mallgrave,
226:members of its secretariat,
68:. The group's founders were
7:
594:Constructivist architecture
432:
296:in the Soviet countryside.
181:Likhachev Palace of Culture
99:Until its closure in 1930,
39:. It published the journal
10:
615:
250:. The utopian projects of
72:, well known for his book
45:Sovremmennaia Arkhitektura
510:(Academy Editions, 1995)
52:Contemporary architecture
37:constructivist architects
254:were first published in
191:power station; works by
167:, and most famously the
548:(ed Sheila Fitzpatrick)
579:Modernist architecture
526:Selim Khan-Magomedov,
445:References and sources
236:Cornelius van Eesteren
160:
145:Stalinist architecture
76:(a Soviet response to
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158:
82:Vers une Architecture
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522:Blueprints and Blood
599:Architecture groups
589:Russian avant-garde
534:Town and Revolution
484:Modern Architecture
422:Alexander Rodchenko
417:Alexander Pasternak
397:Nikolai Krasilnikov
367:Panteleimon Golosov
211:in Tractor Street,
205:International Style
125:Alexander Rodchenko
412:Mikhail Okhitovich
407:Alexander Nikolsky
298:Mikhail Okhitovich
209:Alexander Nikolsky
161:
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506:Catherine Cooke,
427:Varvara Stepanova
315:Socialist Realism
240:Sergei Eisenstein
137:Weissenhof Estate
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494:
482:Alan Colquhoun,
480:
474:
460:
392:Kasimir Malevich
337:Alexander Vesnin
294:collectivisation
285:social condenser
264:Arkady Mordvinov
244:The General Line
232:Sigfried Giedion
117:Kasimir Malevich
86:Alexander Vesnin
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382:Le Corbusier
362:Ilya Golosov
352:Andrey Burov
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306:Magnitogorsk
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268:Karo Alabian
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248:Andrey Burov
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179:such as the
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105:Le Corbusier
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78:Le Corbusier
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33:Soviet Union
28:
26:
357:Aleksei Gan
319:great purge
133:Neues Bauen
121:Aleksei Gan
22:Aleksei Gan
573:Categories
450:References
165:Sverdlovsk
64:school in
310:Ernst May
262:group of
213:Leningrad
189:DneproGES
173:Narkomfin
62:VKhUTEMAS
56:Like the
433:See also
289:Stroikom
203:'s 1932
183:and the
169:Gostrakh
141:Der Ring
501:Sources
185:Mostorg
109:Bauhaus
514:
490:
470:
228:CIRPAC
115:, and
107:, the
66:Moscow
58:ASNOVA
260:VOPRA
512:ISBN
488:ISBN
468:ISBN
266:and
234:and
220:CIAM
201:MOMA
171:and
27:The
242:'s
94:LEF
80:'s
29:OSA
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330:SA
302:SA
272:SA
256:SA
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147:.
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41:SA
43:(
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