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for public funds to enhance its playing field. The inclusion of sport and physical activity in the
Bauhaus curriculum had various purposes. First, as Meyer put it, sport combatted a âone-sided emphasis on brainwork.â In addition, Bauhaus instructors believed that students could better express themselves if they actively experienced the space, rhythms and movements of the body. The Bauhaus approach also considered physical activity an important contributor to wellbeing and community spirit. Sport and physical activity were essential to the interdisciplinary Bauhaus movement that developed revolutionary ideas and continues to shape our environments today.
1361:(preliminary course) reflected a pragmatic approach to integrating theory and application. In their first year, students learnt the basic elements and principles of design and colour theory, and experimented with a range of materials and processes. This approach to design education became a common feature of architectural and design school in many countries. For example, the Shillito Design School in Sydney stands as a unique link between Australia and the Bauhaus. The colour and design syllabus of the Shillito Design School was firmly underpinned by the theories and ideologies of the Bauhaus. Its first year foundational course mimicked the
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912:. The Ministry of Education placed the staff on six-month contracts and cut the school's funding in half. The Bauhaus issued a press release on 26 December 1924, setting the closure of the school for the end of March 1925. At this point it had already been looking for alternative sources of funding. After the Bauhaus moved to Dessau, a school of industrial design with teachers and staff less antagonistic to the conservative political regime remained in Weimar. This school was eventually known as the Technical University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, and in 1996 changed its name to
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1063:", and the Nazi regime was determined to crack down on what it saw as the foreign, probably Jewish, influences of "cosmopolitan modernism". Despite Gropius's protestations that as a war veteran and a patriot his work had no subversive political intent, the Berlin Bauhaus was pressured to close in April 1933. Emigrants did succeed, however, in spreading the concepts of the Bauhaus to other countries, including the "New Bauhaus" of Chicago: Mies decided to emigrate to the United States for the directorship of the School of Architecture at the Armour Institute (now
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998:, and other long-time instructors. Even though Meyer shifted the orientation of the school further to the left than it had been under Gropius, he didn't want the school to become a tool of left-wing party politics. He prevented the formation of a student communist cell, and in the increasingly dangerous political atmosphere, this became a threat to the existence of the Dessau school. Dessau mayor Fritz Hesse fired him in the summer of 1930. The Dessau city council attempted to convince Gropius to return as head of the school, but Gropius instead suggested
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890:", instead declaring "we want an architecture adapted to our world of machines, radios and fast cars." Gropius argued that a new period of history had begun with the end of the war. He wanted to create a new architectural style to reflect this new era. His style in architecture and consumer goods was to be functional, cheap and consistent with mass production. To these ends, Gropius wanted to reunite art and craft to arrive at high-end functional products with artistic merit. The Bauhaus issued a magazine called
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908:-controlled Thuringian state government. The school in Weimar experienced political pressure from conservative circles in Thuringian politics, increasingly so after 1923 as political tension rose. One condition placed on the Bauhaus in this new political environment was the exhibition of work undertaken at the school. This condition was met in 1923 with the Bauhaus' exhibition of the experimental
642:, has been compared to Bauhaus. Founded a year after the Bauhaus school, Vkhutemas has close parallels to the German Bauhaus in its intent, organization and scope. The two schools were the first to train artist-designers in a modern manner. Both schools were state-sponsored initiatives to merge traditional craft with modern technology, with a basic course in aesthetic principles, courses in
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1409:, a reorganized school continued in the same building, with no essential continuity with the Bauhaus under Gropius in the early 1920s. In 1979 Bauhaus-Dessau College started to organize postgraduate programs with participants from all over the world. This effort has been supported by the Bauhaus-Dessau Foundation which was founded in 1974 as a public institution.
604:, turned away from fanciful experimentation and towards rational, functional, sometimes standardized building. Beyond the Bauhaus, many other significant German-speaking architects in the 1920s responded to the same aesthetic issues and material possibilities as the school. They also responded to the promise of a "minimal dwelling" written into the new
1537:(NEB) initiative during her State of the Union address. The NEB is a creative and interdisciplinary movement that connects the European Green Deal to everyday life. It is a platform for experimentation aiming to unite citizens, experts, businesses and institutions in imagining and designing a sustainable, aesthetic and inclusive future.
528:, a cultural movement whose origins lay as early as the 1880s, and which had already made its presence felt in Germany before the World War, despite the prevailing conservatism. The design innovations commonly associated with Gropius and the Bauhausâthe radically simplified forms, the rationality and functionality, and the idea that
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stove". In
Britain, largely under the influence of painter and teacher William Johnstone, Basic Design, a Bauhaus-influenced art foundation course, was introduced at Camberwell School of Art and the Central School of Art and Design, whence it spread to all art schools in the country, becoming universal by the early 1960s.
882:, and in the same 1919 pamphlet proclaiming this "new guild of craftsmen, without the class snobbery", described "painting and sculpture rising to heaven out of the hands of a million craftsmen, the crystal symbol of the new faith of the future." By 1923, however, Gropius was no longer evoking images of soaring
1472:. Tel Aviv has the largest number of buildings in the Bauhaus/International Style of any city in the world. Preservation, documentation, and exhibitions have brought attention to Tel Aviv's collection of 1930s architecture. In 2003, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (
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and focused on the elements and principles of design plus colour theory and application. The founder of the school, Phyllis
Shillito, which opened in 1962 and closed in 1980, firmly believed that "A student who has mastered the basic principles of design, can design anything from a dress to a kitchen
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had already labelled the
Bauhaus "un-German" and criticized its modernist styles, deliberately generating public controversy over issues like flat roofs. Increasingly through the early 1930s, they characterized the Bauhaus as a front for communists and social liberals. Indeed, when Meyer was fired in
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to harness the new potentials of mass production, with a mind towards preserving
Germany's economic competitiveness with England. In its first seven years, the Werkbund came to be regarded as the authoritative body on questions of design in Germany, and was copied in other countries. Many fundamental
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Sport and physical activity were an essential part of the original
Bauhaus approach. Hannes Meyer, the second director of Bauhaus Dessau, ensured that one day a week was solely devoted to sport and gymnastics. 1 In 1930, Meyer employed two physical education teachers. The Bauhaus school even applied
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In late 1932, Mies rented a derelict factory in Berlin (Birkbusch Street 49) to use as the new
Bauhaus with his own money. The students and faculty rehabilitated the building, painting the interior white. The school operated for ten months without further interference from the Nazi Party. In 1933,
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and a series of books called "BauhausbĂŒcher". Since the Weimar
Republic lacked the number of raw materials available to the United States and Great Britain, it had to rely on the proficiency of a skilled labour force and an ability to export innovative and high-quality goods. Therefore, designers
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With the internationalism of modern architecture and design, there were many exchanges between the
Vkhutemas and the Bauhaus. The second Bauhaus director Hannes Meyer attempted to organise an exchange between the two schools, while Hinnerk Scheper of the Bauhaus collaborated with various Vkhutein
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He invented the name 'Bauhaus' not only because it specifically referred to Bauen ('building', 'construction')âbut also because of its similarity to the word BauhĂŒtte, the medieval guild of builders and stonemasons out of which
Freemasonry sprang. The Bauhaus was to be a kind of modern BauhĂŒtte,
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repudiated Meyer's politics, his supporters, and his architectural approach. As opposed to Gropius's "study of essentials", and Meyer's research into user requirements, Mies advocated a "spatial implementation of intellectual decisions", which effectively meant an adoption of his own aesthetics.
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with a leaning towards the New Objectivity favoured by Gropius, which was analogous in some ways to the applied arts side of the debate. Although this shift was an important one, it did not represent a radical break from the past so much as a small step in a broader, more gradual socio-economic
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In the next two years under Meyer, the architectural focus shifted away from aesthetics and towards functionality. There were major commissions: one from the city of Dessau for five tightly designed "LaubenganghÀuser" (apartment buildings with balcony access), which are still in use today, and
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closed down the Berlin school. Mies protested the decision, eventually speaking to the head of the Gestapo, who agreed to allow the school to re-open. However, shortly after receiving a letter permitting the opening of the Bauhaus, Mies and the other faculty agreed to voluntarily shut down the
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over patent rights to the cantilever chair design. Although Stam had worked on the design of the Bauhaus's 1923 exhibit in Weimar, and guest-lectured at the Bauhaus later in the 1920s, he was not formally associated with the school, and he and Breuer had worked independently on the cantilever
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Several specific features are identified in the Bauhaus forms and shapes: simple geometric shapes like rectangles and spheres, without elaborate decorations. Buildings, furniture, and fonts often feature rounded corners, sometimes rounded walls, or curved chrome pipes. Some buildings are
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called MƱhely, which means "the studio". Located on the seventh floor of a house on Nagymezo Street, it was meant to be the Hungarian equivalent to the Bauhaus. The literature sometimes refers to itâin an oversimplified mannerâas "the Budapest Bauhaus". Bortnyik was a great admirer of
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Later evaluation of the Bauhaus design credo was critical of its flawed recognition of the human element, an acknowledgment of "the dated, unattractive aspects of the Bauhaus as a projection of utopia marked by mechanistic views of human natureâŠHome hygiene without home atmosphere."
987:. Meyer favoured measurements and calculations in his presentations to clients, along with the use of off-the-shelf architectural components to reduce costs. This approach proved attractive to potential clients. The school turned its first profit under his leadership in 1929.
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questions of craftsmanship versus mass production, the relationship of usefulness and beauty, the practical purpose of formal beauty in a commonplace object, and whether or not a single proper form could exist, were argued out among its 1,870 members (by 1914).
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characterized by rectangular features, for example protruding balconies with flat, chunky railings facing the street, and long banks of windows. Some outlines can be defined as a tool for creating an ideal form, which is the basis of the architectural concept.
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and funded by the State of Saxony-Anhalt and the German Federal government. It is set to be the permanent home of the second largest Bauhaus collection at 49,000 objects, while paying homage to its strong influence in the city when Bauhaus arrived in 1925.
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observed no real distinction between the output of his architectural office and the school. The built output of Bauhaus architecture in these years is the output of Gropius: the Sommerfeld house in Berlin, the Otte house in Berlin, the Auerbach house in
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The paradox of the early Bauhaus was that, although its manifesto proclaimed that the aim of all creative activity was building, the school did not offer classes in architecture until 1927. During the years under Gropius (1919â1927), he and his partner
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The influence of the Bauhaus on design education was significant. One of the main objectives of the Bauhaus was to unify art, craft, and technology, and this approach was incorporated into the curriculum of the Bauhaus. The structure of the Bauhaus
1484:, as "an outstanding example of new town planning and architecture in the early 20th century." The citation recognized the unique adaptation of modern international architectural trends to the cultural, climatic, and local traditions of the city.
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successfully integrated art and mass production on a large scale. He designed consumer products, standardized parts, created clean-lined designs for the company's graphics, developed a consistent corporate identity, built the modernist landmark
505:, a renewed liberal spirit allowed an upsurge of radical experimentation in all the arts, which had been suppressed by the old regime. Many Germans of left-wing views were influenced by the cultural experimentation that followed the
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The Bauhaus movement was not focused on developing worker housing. Only two projects, the apartment building project in Dessau and the Törten row housing fall into the worker housing category. It was the Bauhaus contemporaries
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from 16 to 24 January concentrated on "the presentation and production of pieces by contemporary artists, in which the aesthetic issues and experimental configurations of the Bauhaus artists continue to be inspiringly contagious".
72:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
739:(an issue which remained a defining one throughout the school's existence), Gropius was made the director of a new institution integrating the two called the Bauhaus. In the pamphlet for an April 1919 exhibition entitled
1117:. Meyer's approach was to research users' needs and scientifically develop the design solution. He intended to place emphasis on Gropius' objective analysis of the properties determining an object's use value, known as
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Bauhaus Lecture Notes 1930â1933. Theory and practice of architectural training at the Bauhaus, based on the lecture notes made by the Dutch ex-Bauhaus student and architect J.J. van der Linden of the Mies van der Rohe
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Meyer became director when Gropius resigned in February 1928, and brought the Bauhaus its two most significant building commissions, both of which still exist: five apartment buildings in the city of Dessau, and the
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in the decades following its demise, as many of the artists involved fled, or were exiled by the Nazi regime. In 1996, four of the major sites associated with Bauhaus in Germany were inscribed on the
513:. Such influences can be overstated: Gropius did not share these radical views, and said that Bauhaus was entirely apolitical. Just as important was the influence of the 19th-century English designer
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shop was discontinued when the school moved from Weimar to Dessau, even though it had been an important revenue source; when Mies van der Rohe took over the school in 1930, he transformed it into a
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at the Berlinische Galerie (6 September 2019 to 27 January 2020) presented 1,000 original artefacts from the Bauhaus-Archive's collection and recounted the history behind the objects. The
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in 1925 and new facilities there were inaugurated in late 1926. Gropius's design for the Dessau facilities was a return to the futuristic Gropius of 1914 that had more in common with the
2696:, London: Thames & Hudson, 1976, p. 164; Jean Louis Ferrier, Yann Le Pichon, Art of our century: the story of western art, 1900 to the present 1990, London : Longman, p. 521.
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as a field of study. The school closed in 1968, but the "Ulm Model" concept continues to influence international design education. Another series of projects at the school were the
517:(1834â1896), who had argued that art should meet the needs of society and that there should be no distinction between form and function. Thus, the Bauhaus style, also known as the
1067:) in Chicago and to seek building commissions. The simple engineering-oriented functionalism of stripped-down modernism, however, did lead to some Bauhaus influences living on in
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regime, having been painted as a centre of communist intellectualism. Internationally, former key figures of Bauhaus were successful in the United States and became known as the
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Sommerfeld House. During the Dessau years, there was a remarkable change in direction for the school. According to Elaine Hoffman, Gropius had approached the Dutch architect
751:, proclaimed his goal as being "to create a new guild of craftsmen, without the class distinctions which raise an arrogant barrier between craftsman and artist." Gropius's
384:("comprehensive artwork") in which all the arts would eventually be brought together. The Bauhaus style later became one of the most influential currents in modern design,
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was reconcilable with the individual artistic spiritâwere already partly developed in Germany before the Bauhaus was founded. The German national designers' organization
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573:, and made full use of newly developed materials such as poured concrete and exposed steel. Behrens was a founding member of the Werkbund, and both Walter Gropius and
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As the centenary of the founding of Bauhaus, several events, festivals, and exhibitions were held around the world in 2019. The international opening festival at the
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to run the newly founded architecture program, and when Stam declined the position, Gropius turned to Stam's friend and colleague in the ABC group, Hannes Meyer.
777:, along with Gropius, comprised the faculty of the Bauhaus in 1919. By the following year their ranks had grown to include German painter, sculptor, and designer
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and the Grand Ducal Saxon School of Arts and Crafts for a newly affiliated architecture department. Its roots lay in the arts and crafts school founded by the
388:, and architectural education. The Bauhaus movement had a profound influence on subsequent developments in art, architecture, graphic design, interior design,
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therefore, in which craftsmen would work on common projects together, the greatest of which would be buildings in which the arts and crafts would be combined.
1101:, which brought the school much attention. The definitive 1926 Bauhaus building in Dessau is also attributed to Gropius. Apart from contributions to the 1923
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But Meyer also generated a great deal of conflict. As a radical functionalist, he had no patience with the aesthetic program and forced the resignations of
1345:(German: Hochschule fĂŒr Gestaltung â HfG Ulm) in Ulm, Germany, a design school in the tradition of the Bauhaus. The school is notable for its inclusion of
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Even before the Nazis came to power, political pressure on Bauhaus had increased. The Nazi movement, from nearly the start, denounced the Bauhaus for its "
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Guitemie Maldonaldo, "Une rĂ©ception diffĂ©rĂ©e et relayĂ©e. L'Atelier d'art abstrait et le "modĂšle-Bauhaus", 1950â1953", in: Martin Schieder, Isabelle Ewig,
1079:(highways) in 1935, many of the bridges and service stations were "bold examples of modernism", and among those submitting designs was Mies van der Rohe.
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of stonemasons. The early intention was for the Bauhaus to be a combined architecture school, crafts school, and academy of the arts. Swiss painter
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and Berlin. The acceptance of modernist design into everyday life was the subject of publicity campaigns, well-attended public exhibitions like the
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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were needed and so was a new type of art education. The school's philosophy stated that the artist should be trained to work with the industry.
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or "preliminary course" that was the introduction to the ideas of the Bauhaus. Itten was heavily influenced in his teaching by the ideas of
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favoured by Itten was analogous in some ways to the fine arts side of the ongoing debate. This influence culminated with the addition of
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in Pittsburgh. The Harvard School was enormously influential in America in the late 1920s and early 1930s, producing such students as
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The changes of venue and leadership resulted in a constant shifting of focus, technique, instructors, and politics. For example, the
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was becoming more influential in German politics. When it gained control of the Dessau city council, it moved to close the school.
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369:. Along with the doctrine of functionalism, the Bauhaus initiated the conceptual understanding of architecture and design.
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housing development in Lawn Road in London before the war caught up with them. Gropius and Breuer went on to teach at the
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Ideal and utilitarian in the international style system: subject and object in the design concept of the 20th century
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movement that had been going on at least since 1907, when van de Velde had argued for a craft basis for design while
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and a lengthy debate over who should head the institution and the socio-economic meanings of a reconciliation of the
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing Hebrew Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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793:, which was built between 1920 and 1921. A tumultuous year at the Bauhaus, 1922 also saw the move of Dutch painter
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3262:. DOCOMOMO journal (Documentation and conservation of buildings, sites and neighbourhoods of the modern movement).
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The Gendered World of the Bauhaus. The Politics of Power at the Weimar Republic's Premier Art Institute, 1919â1931
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The Bauhaus had a major impact on art and architecture trends in Western Europe, Canada, the United States and
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and worked together before their professional split. Their collaboration produced, among other projects, the
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respectively, who are rightfully credited with the thousands of socially progressive housing units built in
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to the faculty and ended when Itten resigned in late 1923. Itten was replaced by the Hungarian designer
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concept, leading to the patent dispute.) The most profitable product of the Bauhaus was its wallpaper.
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and had met Walter Gropius in Weimar between 1923 and 1925. Moholy-Nagy himself taught at the MƱhely.
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are two examples. (Breuer eventually lost a legal battle in Germany with Dutch architect/designer
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ZukunftsfĂ€hige Perspektiven in der Landschaftsarchitektur fĂŒr GartenstĂ€dte: City â Country â Life
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published in German in 1930 featured several illustrations of Vkhutemas/Vkhutein projects there.
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from 1930 until 1933, when the school was closed by its own leadership under pressure from the
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was also largely responsible for bringing the Bauhaus aesthetic to America and taught at both
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2313:. Rosalind Krauss, Yve-Alain Bois, Benjamin Buchloh. New York: Thames & Hudson. pp.
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1928:(Paperback). Fleming, John; Honour, Hugh (5th ed.). London: Penguin Books. p. 880.
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1452:: ŚŚąŚŚš ŚŚŚŚ Ś), refers to a collection of over 4,000 buildings built in the Bauhaus or
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The closure, and the response of Mies van der Rohe, is fully documented in Elaine Hochman's
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Neither Mies van der Rohe nor his Bauhaus students saw any projects built during the 1930s.
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had a cohesive architectural policy before they came to power in 1933, Nazi writers like
803:("The Style"), and a visit to the Bauhaus by Russian Constructivist artist and architect
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In die Freiheit geworfen: Positionen zur deutsch-französischen Kunstgeschichte nach 1945
1887:
Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 4th edn., 2009),
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to house the sculptors' studio at the Grand Ducal Saxon Art School, it was designated a
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People who were educated, or who taught or worked in other capacities, at the Bauhaus.
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O'Connor, Z. (2013). "The Shillito Design School: Australia's link with the Bauhaus".
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2224:(Paperback). Fleming, John; Honour, Hugh (5th ed.). Penguin Books. p. 44.
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2830:"Interview with Mathias Schwartz-Clauss, BoisbuchetÂŽs director and program curator"
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From 1919 to 1922 the school was shaped by the pedagogical and aesthetic ideas of
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Curtis, William (2000). "Walter Gropius, German Expressionism, and the Bauhaus".
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Curtis, William (1987). "Walter Gropius, German Expressionism, and the Bauhaus".
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1401:. This included live stage productions in the Bauhaus theater under the name of
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Subsequent examples which have continued the philosophy of the Bauhaus include
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and was operated as a design school with some architectural facilities by the
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The Vkhutemas, the Russian state art and technical school founded in 1920 in
557:
361:, which attempted to unify individual artistic vision with the principles of
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2856:"UNESCO, Decision Text, World Heritage Centre, retrieved 14 September 2009"
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2307:"1923: The Bauhaus ⊠holds its first public exhibition in Weimar, Germany"
1997:. Jesper Simonsen, Toni Robertson. New York: Routledge. 2013. p. 38.
1992:
1369:
One of the most important contributions of the Bauhaus is in the field of
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Google honored Bauhaus for its 100th anniversary on 12 April 2019 with a
1808:
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2252:(3rd ed. rev. ed.). New York: Thames and Hudson, Inc. p. 124.
159:. It was the longest-serving of the three Bauhaus locations (1925â1932).
8612:
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Frampton, Kenneth (1992). "The Bauhaus: Evolution of an Idea 1919â32".
1427:
A Bauhaus-style building with "thermometer" windows on Pines Street in
1338:
1177:
1133:
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1007:
597:
393:
346:
301:
94:
to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
1949:
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3625:"Finding Aid for archive of Bauhaus typography collection, 1919â1937"
2621:
1829:
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826:. He was also influenced in respect to aesthetics by the work of the
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308:
above the entrance to the workshop block of the Bauhaus Dessau, 2005
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2628:. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization
1668:
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re-settled in Chicago, enjoyed the sponsorship of the influential
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4344:
2720:
Art of Our Century: The Story of Western Art, 1900 to the Present
1293:
school under the sponsorship of industrialist and philanthropist
1145:
1032:
789:. The first major joint project completed by the Bauhaus was the
679:
469:
281:
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69:
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8321:
8290:
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1223:, studied at this school before establishing in Paris in 1930.
1220:
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1930, a number of communist students loyal to him moved to the
950:
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439:, from 1932 to 1933âunder three different architect-directors:
436:
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377:
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350:
286:
248:
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152:
8583:
WĂŒrzburg Residence with the Court Gardens and Residence Square
4214:
3559:
3171:
2588:
1914:// International Journal of Cultural Research, 4 (25), 72â80.
1420:, Hochschule fĂŒr Gestaltung in Ulm and Domaine de Boisbuchet.
297:
146:
8766:
8730:
8463:
8170:
6126:
2071:
Great Soviet Encyclopedia; Bolshaya Sovetskaya Entsiklopediya
1596:
Ceiling with light fixtures for stage in the Festsaal, Dessau
1469:
762:
3598:"Finding Aid for archive of Bauhaus student work, 1919â1933"
3423:(25th anniversary ed.). Köln: Taschen. pp. 83â92.
3138:. Translated by Krishna Winston. Wesleyan University Press.
7978:
6780:
4913:
4584:
2692:, Smithsonian Inst Press, 1992, p. 92; Edward Lucie-Smith,
2658:
2656:
1488:
organizes regular architectural tours of the city, and the
1094:
658:
members on the use of colour in architecture. In addition,
2777:
Design and Form: The Basic Course at the Bauhaus and Later
2762:
Bayer, H., Gropius, W., & Gropius, I. (Eds.). (1975).
1111:
Bundesschule des Allgemeinen Deutschen Gewerkschaftsbundes
981:
Bundesschule des Allgemeinen Deutschen Gewerkschaftsbundes
396:. Staff at the Bauhaus included prominent artists such as
7969:
Art in the Protestant Reformation and Counter-Reformation
2779:(Revised edition, 1975). New York: John Wiley & Sons.
1325:, Colorado in support of Paepcke's Aspen projects at the
904:, and the Bauhaus school received state support from the
3270:
From Bauhaus to Ecohouse: A History of Ecological Design
2653:
1994:
Routledge international handbook of participatory design
1883:
1881:
1879:
1877:
727:
as possible successors. In 1919, after delays caused by
3257:
3248:
2962:. Berlinische Galerie. 6 September 2019. Archived from
2222:
A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture
1926:
A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture
8387:
Collegiate Church, Castle, and Old Town of Quedlinburg
2115:
A New Design Philosophy: An Introduction to Defuturing
2930:"Bauhaus in pictures: The architects exiled by Nazis"
1954:
Rethinking the world Art and Technology â A new Unity
1874:
524:
However, the most important influence on Bauhaus was
3260:
The Tel-Aviv School : a constrained rationalism
3249:
Catherine Weill-Rochant (2008). Rita H. Gans (ed.).
3063:"Chronology - Institution - Stiftung Bauhaus Dessau"
3015:"Foundation - Institution - Stiftung Bauhaus Dessau"
2622:"Bauhaus and its Sites in Weimar, Dessau and Bernau"
2243:
2241:
65:
3309:
Archaeology of Modernism: Renovation Bauhaus Dessau
781:who headed the theatre workshop, and Swiss painter
592:. An entire group of working architects, including
8342:Bauhaus and its Sites in Weimar, Dessau and Bernau
3131:
743:, Gropius, still very much under the influence of
580:The Bauhaus was founded at a time when the German
130:Bauhaus and its sites in Weimar, Dessau and Bernau
8201:For official site names, see each article or the
3689:
3085:"Physical Education at The Bauhaus 1919 33 | PDF"
2605:
2342:(2nd ed.). Prentice-Hall. pp. 309â316.
2275:The Bauhaus: Masters & Students by Themselves
2238:
2219:
1923:
8859:
8491:Zollverein Coal Mine Industrial Complex in Essen
3579:"Fostinum: Photographs and art from the Bauhaus"
3229:
2608:Bauhaus Effects in Art, Architecture, and Design
2498:
834:, as well as the work of Austrian Expressionist
8422:Castles of Augustusburg and Falkenlust at BrĂŒhl
3306:
3287:
3129:
3123:
2990:"Bauhaus' 100th Anniversary Opens Museum Doors"
2586:
2272:
1513:also opened in September 2019, operated by the
492:
357:. The school became famous for its approach to
3253:(in French and German). Zurich: Kiriat Yearim.
2790:The International Journal of Design in Society
1971:(Reprinted. ed.). London: Phaidon Press.
863:had begun implementing industrial prototypes.
687:. Built between 1904 and 1911 and designed by
616:, among others, built large housing blocks in
90:accompanying your translation by providing an
56:Click for important translation instructions.
43:expand this article with text translated from
8156:
5058:
4252:
3675:
3326:Torsten Blume / Burghard Duhm (Eds.) (2008).
3210:
3152:
3130:Oskar Schlemmer (1972). Tut Schlemmer (ed.).
2502:Art, culture, and media under the Third Reich
1544:
758:references both building and the BauhĂŒtte, a
624:, films, and sometimes fierce public debate.
3172:Magdalena Droste, Peter Gossel, ed. (2005).
2960:"Original Bauhaus, The Centenary Exhibition"
2650:, London: Thames & Hudson, 1976, p. 164.
2535:
2505:. University of Chicago Press. p. 291.
2478:(2nd ed.). Prentice-Hall. p. 120.
1608:Dormitory balconies in the residence, Dessau
1353:, mostly realized in the decades afterward.
699:The school was founded by Walter Gropius in
664:Russia: an Architecture for World Revolution
552:German architectural modernism was known as
380:. It was grounded in the idea of creating a
349:operational from 1919 to 1933 that combined
345:for 'building house'), was a German
334:
3344:
3290:Bauhaus Dessau: Architecture Design Concept
3266:
2174:. Wiesbaden: Springer-Verlag. p. 113.
1903:
1901:
1521:
8578:Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps
8163:
8149:
5065:
5051:
4259:
4245:
3682:
3668:
3492:"Germany celebrates the Bauhaus Centenary"
3418:
3134:The Letters and Diaries of Oskar Schlemmer
2769:
2426:Michael Baumgartner and Josef Helfenstein
2304:
2150:Moscow: Governing the Socialist Metropolis
1507:Original Bauhaus, The Centenary Exhibition
427:The school existed in three German citiesâ
8531:Caves and Ice Age Art in the Swabian Jura
4266:
3190:
2912:"100 years Bauhaus: the opening festival"
2709:, Oldenbourg Verlag, 22 Nov 2006, p. 100.
2492:
2300:
2298:
2152:. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press
1710:Clock designed by Erich Dieckmann (1931)
669:
8540:Frontiers of the Roman Empire in Bavaria
3196:. Amsterdam: Architectura & Natura.
2688:See: William Chapin Seitz, Marla Price,
2247:
2199:. New York: Allworth Press. p. 98.
2111:
1898:
1841:
1422:
1258:in New Kensington, Pennsylvania and the
1225:
1167:
1012:
918:
865:
678:
627:
543:
414:
296:
280:
8437:Carolingian Westwork and Civitas Corvey
8282:Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin
8204:List of World Heritage Sites in Germany
3419:Fiell, Charlotte; Fiell, Peter (2005).
3377:
3328:Bauhaus.Theatre.Dessau: Change of Scene
2901:, Nature, 6 August 2019 (with pdf link)
2694:Late Modern: The Visual Arts Since 1945
2648:Late Modern: The Visual Arts Since 1945
2531:
2529:
2311:Art Since 1900: Volume 1 â 1900 to 1944
2250:Modern Architecture: A Critical History
2105:
1495:
1082:
886:and the craft-driven aesthetic of the "
564:work for the German electrical company
548:Poster for the Bauhausaustellung (1923)
8860:
8568:Old Town of Regensburg with Stadtamhof
8516:The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier
7746:Contemporary Indigenous Australian art
3560:"Manifesto of the Staatliches Bauhaus"
3348:Student Life at the Bauhaus, 1919â1933
3258:Catherine Weill-Rochant (April 2009).
2614:
2589:"Manifesto of the Staatliches Bauhaus"
2473:
2446:
2337:
2295:
2277:. London: Conran Octopus. p. 32.
2194:
1966:
1917:
1554:Category:Academic staff of the Bauhaus
1393:The physical plant at Dessau survived
650:and consequently, is less familiar in
476:and would not allow any supporters of
8144:
5766:Art of the late 16th century in Milan
5046:
4240:
3663:
3234:. Munich, London, New York: Prestel.
3110:"100th Anniversary of Bauhaus Doodle"
2983:
2981:
2898:The Bauhaus at 100: science by design
2169:
2063:
2061:
1097:, and the competition design for the
705:Grand-Ducal Saxon Academy of Fine Art
483:
372:The Bauhaus was founded by architect
320:
8272:Museumsinsel (Museum Island), Berlin
3655:University of Michigan Museum of Art
2815:Schjeldahl, Peter, "Bauhaus Rules,"
2718:Jean Louis Ferrier, Yann Le Pichon,
2606:James-Chakraborty, Kathleen (2022).
2540:. Rizzoli New York. pp. 87â93.
2526:
2053:Funk and Wagnall's New Encyclopaedia
1526:In September 2020, President of the
1144:, as the city architects of Berlin,
1039:Although neither the Nazi Party nor
878:Gropius was not necessarily against
785:, joined in 1922 by Russian painter
703:on 1 April 1919, as a merger of the
25:
8548:Upper Germanic & Rhaetian Limes
8362:Erzgebirge/KruĆĄnohoĆĂ Mining Region
3557:
3378:Edwards, M. Jean (September 2019).
3215:. Frankfurt, New York: Peter Lang.
2428:At the Bauhaus in Weimar, 1921â1924
1620:Mechanically opened windows, Dessau
13:
8933:School buildings completed in 1926
8295:Upper Harz Water Management System
7101:Vienna School of Fantastic Realism
5952:Neoclassical architecture in Milan
3651:Collection: Artists of the Bauhaus
3371:
3359:. arnoldsche Art Publishers 2019,
2978:
2058:
1847:
1788:International style (architecture)
1315:Washington University in St. Louis
900:Weimar was in the German state of
709:Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
16:German art school and art movement
14:
8964:
8883:1933 disestablishments in Germany
8873:Modernist architecture in Germany
7175:American Figurative Expressionism
5511:International Gothic art in Italy
3540:"Glossary definition for Bauhaus"
3446:
2987:
2936:. 16 January 2019. Archived from
1434:
1321:, sponsored by Paepcke, moved to
1252:Harvard Graduate School of Design
711:in 1906, and directed by Belgian
8521:Augsburg Water Management System
8511:Abbey and AltenmĂŒnster of Lorsch
8230:Berlin Modernism Housing Estates
8189:
8171:
8125:
8124:
6684:Neue KĂŒnstlervereinigung MĂŒnchen
4213:
3251:Bauhaus: Architektur in Tel Aviv
2722:, 1990, London: Longman, p. 521.
2370:. The Metropolitan Museum of Art
2089:The Challenge of the Avant-Garde
1703:
1698:Heinrich Neuy's children's chair
1691:
1675:
1660:
1641:
1625:
1613:
1601:
1589:
1577:
1464:architects who emigrated to the
1303:Illinois Institute of Technology
1071:. When Hitler's chief engineer,
1065:Illinois Institute of Technology
965:of the Werkbund pavilion or the
741:Exhibition of Unknown Architects
261:
247:
233:
226:
145:
30:
8953:World Heritage Sites in Germany
8377:Muskauer Park / Park MuĆŒakowski
7606:Tunisian collaborative painting
7079:International Typographic Style
3102:
3077:
3055:
3029:
3007:
2952:
2922:
2904:
2889:
2862:
2848:
2822:
2809:
2795:
2782:
2756:
2731:
2725:
2712:
2699:
2682:
2669:
2640:
2599:
2580:
2567:
2554:
2467:
2440:
2420:
2417:(Cologne: Könemann, 1999), 406.
2407:
2382:
2356:
2331:
2266:
2220:Pevsner, Nikolaus, ed. (1999).
2213:
2188:
2163:
2139:
2081:
1924:Pevsner, Nikolaus, ed. (1999).
1682:The Molitor Grapholux lamp, by
1584:A stage in the Festsaal, Dessau
1202:In 1928, the Hungarian painter
1199:(with two more added in 2017).
824:Friedrich Wilhelm August Fröbel
577:worked for him in this period.
8878:1919 establishments in Germany
7359:The Caribbean Artists Movement
2766:. London: Secker& Warburg.
2734:"HfG-Archiv Ulm â The HfG Ulm"
2732:Ulm, Ulmer Museum/HfG-Archiv.
2666:, New York: Crown, 1972, p. 12
2587:Gropius, Walter (April 1919).
2476:Modern Architecture Since 1900
2340:Modern Architecture Since 1900
2046:
2033:
1985:
1960:
1942:
1848:
1815:New Objectivity (architecture)
1238:New Objectivity (architecture)
1206:founded a school of design in
322:[ËÊtaËtlÉȘçÉsËbaÊËhaÊs]
100:You may also add the template
1:
8544:Frontiers of the Roman Empire
8255:Archaeological Border Complex
5715:Dutch and Flemish Renaissance
3351:(M.A.). Boston: UMass-Boston.
3307:Monika Markgraf, ed. (2007).
2679:, Paris: Hazan, 1989, p. 199.
2273:Whitford, Frank, ed. (1992).
2041:The Coming of the Third Reich
1113:(ADGB Trade Union School) in
983:(ADGB Trade Union School) in
501:and the establishment of the
210:8.1614 ha (20.167 acres)
8563:Monastic Island of Reichenau
7830:Modern European ink painting
7202:Bay Area Figurative Movement
3472:Resources in other libraries
3124:General and cited references
2875:Bauhaus Foundation, Tel Aviv
2677:History of Abstract Painting
2626:UNESCO World Heritage Centre
2197:The Industrial Design Reader
1868:
1667:A Bauhaus style building in
1482:World Cultural Heritage site
1466:British Mandate of Palestine
1231:Bauhaus Foundation, Tel Aviv
493:Bauhaus and German modernism
7:
8913:German architectural styles
8553:Maulbronn Monastery Complex
8347:Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm
7491:Artificial intelligence art
2564:. Rizzoli Intl Pubns, p. 22
2447:Droste, Magdalena (2002) .
2118:. UNSW Press. p. 161.
1763:Constructivist architecture
1758:Bauhaus World Heritage Site
1715:
1373:design. The characteristic
870:Mechanical Stage Design by
218:59.26 ha (146.4 acres)
10:
8969:
8908:Expressionist architecture
7404:Post-painterly abstraction
7227:Situationist International
6601:Pennsylvania Impressionism
5005:Situationist International
3421:Design of the 20th Century
3384:Journal of Interior Design
2690:Art in the Age of Aquarius
1768:Expressionist architecture
1653:Monument to the March Dead
1570:
1563:
1557:
1551:
1545:Bauhaus staff and students
1502:Berlin Academy of the Arts
1438:
1399:German Democratic Republic
1235:
942:
838:. The influence of German
769:, German-American painter
693:UNESCO World Heritage Site
631:
584:had turned from emotional
556:. Beginning in June 1907,
497:After Germany's defeat in
138:UNESCO World Heritage Site
64:Machine translation, like
18:
8903:Design schools in Germany
8621:
8591:
8573:Pilgrimage Church of Wies
8499:
8481:Great Spa Towns of Europe
8447:Upper Middle Rhine Valley
8405:
8330:
8239:Roland on the Marketplace
8213:
8198:
8120:
7924:
7689:
7499:
7279:
7071:
7055:
6987:California Scene Painting
6866:California Scene Painting
6822:Figurative Constructivism
6734:
6539:
6318:
6307:
6137:
6074:
5967:
5883:
5873:Poussinists and Rubenists
5774:
5578:
5311:
5111:
5102:
5089:
4901:
4823:
4662:
4602:
4593:
4475:
4275:
4207:
3904:
3698:
3486:Google Arts & Culture
3467:Resources in your library
3230:Boris Friedewald (2009).
3155:Tel Aviv â The White City
2499:Richard A. Etlin (2002).
2433:29 September 2009 at the
2112:Tony Fry (October 1999).
1969:The 20th-Century art book
1738:Bauhaus Dessau Foundation
1515:Bauhaus Dessau Foundation
1492:offers Bauhaus exhibits.
1405:("Bauhaus Stage"). After
1305:. Printmaker and painter
1297:. This school became the
1180:, designed by Bauhausler
1163:
1025:
938:
914:Bauhaus-University Weimar
685:Bauhaus-University Weimar
683:The main building of the
674:
435:, from 1925 to 1932; and
333:), commonly known as the
222:
214:
206:
194:
184:
174:
164:
144:
135:
102:{{Translated|he|ŚŚŚŚŚŚŚĄ}}
45:the corresponding article
8943:Walter Gropius buildings
8277:Hanseatic City of LĂŒbeck
8085:Prehistoric European art
7734:Contemporary African art
7217:Gendai Bijutsu Kondankai
7145:GeneraciĂłn de la Ruptura
6772:Universal Constructivism
6564:California Impressionism
6519:American Barbizon school
3564:Design Museum of Chicago
3380:"Lessons of the Bauhaus"
3330:. Berlin: JOVIS Verlag.
3311:. Berlin: JOVIS Verlag.
3292:. Berlin: JOVIS Verlag.
3288:Kirsten Baumann (2007).
2610:. Routledge. p. 82.
2575:The Third Reich in Power
2538:Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
2453:. Taschen. p. 113.
2364:"The Bauhaus, 1919â1933"
2305:Hal Foster, ed. (2004).
1743:Bauhaus Museum, Tel Aviv
1522:The New European Bauhaus
1476:) proclaimed Tel Aviv's
1075:, began opening the new
1000:Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
749:Arts and Crafts Movement
449:Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
151:The Bauhaus building in
21:Bauhaus (disambiguation)
8888:Architecture in Germany
8536:Mathildenhöhe Darmstadt
8291:Historic Town of Goslar
8244:Fagus Factory in Alfeld
8225:ADGB Trade Union School
7912:Walking Artists Network
7249:Letterist International
7089:Washington Color School
6003:Arts in the Philippines
4515:Experimental literature
4220:Architecture portal
3176:. Taschen America LLC.
3037:"Bauhaus Museum Dessau"
2394:EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica
1967:Barnes, Rachel (2001).
1783:IIT Institute of Design
1733:Bauhaus Center Tel Aviv
1560:Category:Bauhaus alumni
1486:Bauhaus Center Tel Aviv
961:than the stripped down
447:from 1928 to 1930; and
111:For more guidance, see
8928:Modernist architecture
8702:Bosnia and Herzegovina
8603:Messel Pit Fossil Site
8558:Margravial Opera House
8456:Cathedral of St. Peter
8023:Illuminated manuscript
7671:The Designers Republic
7621:Neue Slowenische Kunst
7544:Pattern and Decoration
7444:Institutional critique
7084:Abstract expressionism
6064:Latin American Baroque
6020:Colonial Asian Baroque
4781:Second Viennese School
4412:Neue Slowenische Kunst
4283:Abstract expressionism
3516:"100 years of Bauhaus"
3211:Anja Baumhoff (2001).
3153:Stefan Boness (2012).
2437:, at Zentrum Paul Klee
2195:Gorman, Carma (2003).
2170:Uhrig, Nicole (2020).
2025:: CS1 maint: others (
1753:Bauhaus Museum, Dessau
1748:Bauhaus Museum, Weimar
1468:after the rise of the
1431:
1418:Black Mountain College
1233:
1185:
1022:
935:
875:
773:, and German sculptor
696:
670:History of the Bauhaus
588:to the matter-of-fact
549:
536:was formed in 1907 by
424:
386:modernist architecture
335:
309:
294:
293:, was adopted in 1921.
8938:Visual arts education
8608:Ancient Beech Forests
8427:Bergpark Wilhelmshöhe
7661:Artist-run initiative
7636:Young British Artists
7601:New European Painting
7537:Moscow Conceptualists
7459:Feminist art movement
7237:Ukrainian underground
7212:Gutai Art Association
6611:Ten American Painters
6115:Western influence in
5092:List of art movements
4888:Theatre of the Absurd
4811:Twelve-tone technique
4690:Electroacoustic music
2895:Weber, Micholas Fox,
2834:Domaine de Boisbuchet
2738:www.hfg-archiv.ulm.de
2560:Jardi, Enric (1991).
2536:David Spaeth (1985).
2093:Yale University Press
1855:Architects of Fortune
1842:Explanatory footnotes
1773:Form follows function
1723:Art Deco architecture
1564:Further information:
1558:Further information:
1552:Further information:
1511:Bauhaus Museum Dessau
1441:White City (Tel Aviv)
1439:Further information:
1426:
1278:, among many others.
1256:Aluminum City Terrace
1236:Further information:
1229:
1171:
1160:, is still occupied.
1099:Chicago Tribune Tower
1016:
949:The Bauhaus moved to
922:
884:Romanesque cathedrals
869:
797:to Weimar to promote
682:
628:Bauhaus and Vkhutemas
547:
431:, from 1919 to 1925;
418:
300:
284:
113:Knowledge:Translation
84:copyright attribution
8893:Architecture schools
8486:Völklingen Ironworks
8442:Lower Germanic Limes
8366:Luther Memorials in
8316:Historic Centres of
8287:Mines of Rammelsberg
8263:St. Michael's Church
8259:St. Mary's Cathedral
8179:World Heritage Sites
7471:Saqqakhaneh movement
7364:Chicano art movement
7232:Soviet Nonconformist
7038:Boston Expressionism
7021:Abstraction-Création
6839:Arbeitsrat fĂŒr Kunst
6832:Cologne Progressives
6552:Art Nouveau in Milan
6355:Anglo-Japanese style
6331:National romanticism
5761:Fontainebleau School
5671:Northern Renaissance
5506:International Gothic
4873:Postdramatic theatre
4858:Experimental theatre
4395:Multidimensional art
4164:Critical regionalism
3746:Critical regionalism
3345:Eric Cimino (2003).
3267:Peder Anker (2010).
2646:Edward Lucie-Smith,
2593:BauhausManifesto.com
1835:Women of the Bauhaus
1825:Ulm School of Design
1820:Swiss Style (design)
1566:Women of the Bauhaus
1535:New European Bauhaus
1531:Ursula Von der Leyen
1496:Centenary year, 2019
1407:German reunification
1343:Ulm School of Design
1260:Alan I W Frank House
1083:Architectural output
180:Cultural: ii, iv, vi
19:For other uses, see
8353:Dresden Elbe Valley
8304:Kontorhaus District
8006:Hierarchy of genres
7571:Saint Soleil School
7507:Post-conceptual art
7476:The Stars Art Group
7354:Black Arts Movement
7317:Neo-Dada Organizers
7118:Lyrical abstraction
6851:Australian tonalism
6524:California Tonalism
6196:Hudson River School
5999:Colonial Asian art
5739:English Renaissance
5688:GhentâBruges school
5676:Early Netherlandish
5588:Italian Renaissance
5501:Gothic art in Milan
4375:Lyrical Abstraction
4012:International style
4004:Rationalist-Fascist
3948:Stripped Classicism
3881:Stripped Classicism
3861:Rationalist-Fascist
3786:International style
3692:modern architecture
3629:J. Paul Getty Trust
3602:J. Paul Getty Trust
3520:Bauhaus Kooperation
3496:Bauhaus Kooperation
2966:on 3 September 2019
2573:, Richard J Evans,
1804:Modern architecture
1528:European Commission
1454:International Style
1311:Columbia University
1299:Institute of Design
1281:In the late 1930s,
1197:World Heritage List
955:International style
606:Weimar Constitution
571:AEG Turbine Factory
519:International Style
463:International Style
443:from 1919 to 1928;
412:at various points.
314:Staatliches Bauhaus
132:
8460:Church of Our Lady
8382:Naumburg Cathedral
8357:(delisted in 2009)
8048:Landscape painting
7656:New Leipzig School
7596:Neo-conceptual art
7344:Art & Language
7339:Capitalist realism
7261:Florida Highwaymen
7197:Hard-edge painting
7011:Streamline Moderne
6972:Harlem Renaissance
6815:Novecento Italiano
6643:Deutscher Werkbund
6470:Post-Impressionism
6032:Latin American art
5836:Guild of Romanists
5698:German Renaissance
5693:Northern Mannerism
4988:Postmodernist film
4893:Theatre of Cruelty
4776:Rock in Opposition
4717:Free improvisation
4360:Post-Impressionism
4293:Art & Language
4095:(1940sâlate 1970s)
4084:Mid-century modern
4052:Postconstructivism
3996:Streamline Moderne
3876:Streamline Moderne
3841:Postconstructivism
3796:Mid-Century modern
3526:on 27 October 2021
3482:Bauhaus Everywhere
3396:10.1111/joid.12158
3191:Marty Bax (1991).
2940:on 16 January 2019
2819:, 16 November 2009
2775:Itten, J. (1963).
2450:Bauhaus, 1919â1933
2413:Ackermann et al.,
2146:Colton, Timothy J.
2087:Wood, Paul (1999)
2039:Evans, Richard J.
1950:"Bauhaus Movement"
1798:Max-Liebling House
1490:Bauhaus Foundation
1460:from the 1930s by
1432:
1335:Inge Aicher-Scholl
1234:
1213:LĂĄszlĂł Moholy-Nagy
1204:Alexander Bortnyik
1186:
1023:
1017:Wassily Chairs by
936:
876:
854:, who rewrote the
852:LĂĄszlĂł Moholy-Nagy
717:Henry van de Velde
697:
689:Henry van de Velde
550:
534:Deutscher Werkbund
507:Russian Revolution
484:Terms and concepts
425:
410:LĂĄszlĂł Moholy-Nagy
310:
295:
128:
92:interlanguage link
8923:Industrial design
8855:
8854:
8477:, Worms and Mainz
8432:Cologne Cathedral
8138:
8137:
7920:
7919:
7776:Corporate Memphis
7729:Classical Realism
7699:Amazonian pop art
7591:Appropriation art
7559:Neo-expressionism
7429:Environmental art
7334:Nouvelle tendance
7051:
7050:
6999:Socialist realism
6856:Dresden Secession
6475:Neo-Impressionism
6438:Decadent movement
6409:Heidelberg School
6303:
6302:
6201:American luminism
6186:DĂŒsseldorf School
6181:Shoreham Ancients
6171:Nazarene movement
6161:Danish Golden Age
6042:Indochristian art
5720:Antwerp Mannerism
5609:Pittura infamante
5603:Florentine School
5598:Proto-Renaissance
5040:
5039:
5030:Russian symbolism
5015:Socialist realism
4853:Experimental film
4819:
4818:
4525:Hungry generation
4500:Conceptual poetry
4355:Neo-Impressionism
4234:
4233:
3558:Gropius, Walter.
3453:Library resources
3365:978-3-89790-553-5
3337:978-3-936314-81-6
3318:978-3-936314-83-0
3299:978-3-939633-11-2
3280:978-0-8071-3551-8
3241:978-3-7913-4200-9
3164:978-3-939633-75-4
3157:. Berlin: Jovis.
2764:Bauhaus 1919â1928
2744:on 4 October 2008
2547:978-0-8478-0563-1
2512:978-0-226-22086-4
2485:978-0-13-586694-8
2349:978-0-13-586694-8
2324:978-0-500-28534-3
2284:978-1-85029-415-3
2259:978-0-500-20257-9
2231:978-0-19-860678-9
2181:978-3-658-28940-9
2125:978-0-86840-753-1
2004:978-0-415-69440-7
1978:978-0-7148-3542-6
1935:978-0-14-051323-3
1351:Bauhaus typefaces
1283:Mies van der Rohe
1140:and particularly
1125:Mies van der Rohe
1115:Bernau bei Berlin
985:Bernau bei Berlin
888:Völkisch movement
861:Hermann Muthesius
848:Wassily Kandinsky
814:, who taught the
795:Theo van Doesburg
787:Wassily Kandinsky
622:Weissenhof Estate
612:, Bruno Taut and
562:industrial design
538:Hermann Muthesius
402:Wassily Kandinsky
390:industrial design
279:
278:
124:
123:
57:
53:
8960:
8847:
8841:
8835:
8829:
8823:
8817:
8809:
8803:
8795:
8789:
8785:Shared with the
8781:
8775:
8769:
8763:
8757:
8751:
8745:
8739:
8733:
8727:
8721:
8715:
8709:
8703:
8697:
8691:
8685:
8677:
8671:
8665:
8659:
8653:
8645:
8641:Shared with the
8637:
8629:
8625:Shared with the
8595:
8503:
8469:Speyer Cathedral
8417:Aachen Cathedral
8409:
8397:Classical Weimar
8334:
8235:Bremen Town Hall
8217:
8205:
8193:
8186:
8180:
8175:
8165:
8158:
8151:
8142:
8141:
8128:
8127:
8112:Western painting
8058:Modern sculpture
8016:History painting
7719:Art intervention
7512:Installation art
7329:Nouveau réalisme
7069:
7068:
7043:Leningrad School
6935:Mexican muralism
6908:Grosvenor School
6648:American Realism
6631:Der Blaue Reiter
6589:Berlin Secession
6584:Vienna Secession
6579:Munich Secession
6497:Pont-Aven School
6316:
6315:
6166:Troubadour style
6144:(c. 1770 â 1862)
6111:Qing handicrafts
6077:Western elements
6008:Letras y figuras
5981:African-American
5976:African diaspora
5947:Directoire style
5858:Heptanese school
5841:Dutch Golden Age
5826:Stroganov School
5819:Lutheran Baroque
5814:Louis XIII style
5787:Baroque in Milan
5649:Bolognese School
5644:High Renaissance
5627:Forlivese School
5622:Ferrarese School
5345:Migration Period
5109:
5108:
5067:
5060:
5053:
5044:
5043:
4934:Russian Futurism
4878:Remodernist film
4796:Stochastic music
4751:Musique concrĂšte
4729:Microtonal music
4707:Experimental pop
4700:Industrial music
4695:Electronic music
4600:
4599:
4422:Nouveau réalisme
4330:Grosvenor School
4261:
4254:
4247:
4238:
4237:
4226:Related articles
4218:
4217:
4200:
4192:
4184:
4176:
4172:Deconstructivism
4168:
4160:
4152:
4144:
4136:
4128:
4120:
4112:
4104:
4096:
4088:
4080:
4072:
4064:
4056:
4048:
4040:
4032:
4024:
4016:
4008:
4000:
3992:
3984:
3976:
3968:
3960:
3952:
3944:
3936:
3928:
3920:
3756:Deconstructivism
3684:
3677:
3670:
3661:
3660:
3647:
3645:
3643:
3637:10020/cifa850513
3620:
3618:
3616:
3610:10020/cifa850514
3593:
3591:
3589:
3574:
3572:
3570:
3554:
3552:
3550:
3535:
3533:
3531:
3522:. Archived from
3511:
3509:
3507:
3498:. Archived from
3442:
3415:
3352:
3341:
3322:
3303:
3284:
3263:
3254:
3245:
3226:
3207:
3187:
3168:
3149:
3137:
3118:
3117:
3116:. 12 April 2019.
3106:
3100:
3099:
3097:
3095:
3081:
3075:
3074:
3072:
3070:
3059:
3053:
3052:
3050:
3048:
3033:
3027:
3026:
3024:
3022:
3011:
3005:
3004:
3002:
3000:
2985:
2976:
2975:
2973:
2971:
2956:
2950:
2949:
2947:
2945:
2926:
2920:
2919:
2918:on 26 July 2020.
2914:. Archived from
2908:
2902:
2893:
2887:
2886:
2884:
2882:
2866:
2860:
2859:
2852:
2846:
2845:
2843:
2841:
2826:
2820:
2813:
2807:
2806:
2803:"Bauhaus Dessau"
2799:
2793:
2792:, 6(3), 149â159.
2786:
2780:
2773:
2767:
2760:
2754:
2753:
2751:
2749:
2740:. Archived from
2729:
2723:
2716:
2710:
2703:
2697:
2686:
2680:
2675:Jean Luc Daval,
2673:
2667:
2660:
2651:
2644:
2638:
2637:
2635:
2633:
2618:
2612:
2611:
2603:
2597:
2596:
2584:
2578:
2571:
2565:
2558:
2552:
2551:
2533:
2524:
2523:
2521:
2519:
2496:
2490:
2489:
2471:
2465:
2464:
2444:
2438:
2424:
2418:
2411:
2405:
2404:
2402:
2400:
2386:
2380:
2379:
2377:
2375:
2360:
2354:
2353:
2335:
2329:
2328:
2302:
2293:
2292:
2270:
2264:
2263:
2245:
2236:
2235:
2217:
2211:
2210:
2192:
2186:
2185:
2167:
2161:
2143:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2132:
2109:
2103:
2085:
2079:
2069:
2065:
2056:
2050:
2044:
2037:
2031:
2030:
2024:
2016:
1989:
1983:
1982:
1964:
1958:
1957:
1946:
1940:
1939:
1921:
1915:
1905:
1896:
1885:
1852:
1707:
1695:
1679:
1664:
1645:
1629:
1617:
1605:
1593:
1581:
1375:Cantilever chair
1371:modern furniture
1333:, together with
1272:Lawrence Halprin
1242:Walter Gropius,
1182:Xanti Schawinsky
1158:Onkel Toms HĂŒtte
1109:another for the
1049:Alfred Rosenberg
933:
846:founding member
844:Der Blaue Reiter
828:Der Blaue Reiter
791:Sommerfeld House
771:Lyonel Feininger
747:and the British
594:Erich Mendelsohn
419:Bauhaus founder
365:and emphasis on
340:
332:
331:
330:
324:
319:
265:
251:
237:
230:
215:Buffer zone
155:was designed by
149:
139:
133:
127:
103:
97:
70:Google Translate
55:
51:
34:
33:
26:
8968:
8967:
8963:
8962:
8961:
8959:
8958:
8957:
8858:
8857:
8856:
8851:
8845:
8839:
8833:
8827:
8821:
8815:
8807:
8801:
8793:
8787:
8779:
8773:
8767:
8761:
8755:
8749:
8743:
8738:North Macedonia
8737:
8731:
8725:
8719:
8713:
8707:
8701:
8695:
8689:
8683:
8675:
8669:
8663:
8657:
8651:
8643:
8635:
8627:
8617:
8593:
8587:
8526:Town of Bamberg
8501:
8495:
8473:ShUM cities of
8452:Roman Monuments
8407:
8401:
8392:Wartburg Castle
8332:
8326:
8215:
8209:
8203:
8194:
8184:
8178:
8169:
8139:
8134:
8116:
8033:Interactive art
7916:
7890:SoFlo Superflat
7815:Kitsch movement
7739:Africanfuturism
7691:
7685:
7564:Transavantgarde
7495:
7449:Light and Space
7434:Performance art
7414:Psychedelic art
7297:Nueva Presencia
7287:Otra FiguraciĂłn
7275:
7207:Les Plasticiens
7192:New York School
7170:Action painting
7155:Metcalf Chateau
7064:
7059:
7047:
6967:Cercle et Carré
6903:New Objectivity
6810:Return to order
6752:School of Paris
6730:
6574:School of Paris
6535:
6421:Arts and Crafts
6326:Neo-romanticism
6311:
6299:
6295:Etching revival
6247:Barbizon school
6191:Pre-Raphaelites
6143:
6140:
6133:
6076:
6070:
5963:
5937:Louis XVI style
5879:
5868:Louis XIV style
5831:Animal painting
5792:Flemish Baroque
5770:
5681:World landscape
5632:Venetian School
5574:
5561:Majorcan school
5528:Novgorod School
5518:Lucchese School
5490:Opus Anglicanum
5482:Norman-Sicilian
5426:Italo-Byzantine
5326:Early Christian
5307:
5291:Pompeian Styles
5104:
5098:
5085:
5071:
5041:
5036:
4897:
4883:Structural film
4825:
4815:
4670:Aleatoric music
4658:
4589:
4477:
4471:
4432:Performance art
4271:
4265:
4235:
4230:
4212:
4203:
4198:
4190:
4182:
4174:
4166:
4158:
4150:
4142:
4134:
4126:
4118:
4110:
4102:
4094:
4086:
4078:
4070:
4062:
4054:
4046:
4038:
4030:
4022:
4014:
4006:
3998:
3990:
3988:New Objectivity
3982:
3974:
3966:
3958:
3950:
3942:
3934:
3926:
3918:
3909:
3907:
3906:By start year /
3900:
3831:New Objectivity
3694:
3688:
3641:
3639:
3623:
3614:
3612:
3596:
3587:
3585:
3577:
3568:
3566:
3548:
3546:
3538:
3529:
3527:
3514:
3505:
3503:
3502:on 20 June 2020
3490:
3478:
3477:
3476:
3461:
3460:
3456:
3449:
3431:
3374:
3372:Further reading
3355:Olaf Thormann:
3338:
3319:
3300:
3281:
3242:
3223:
3204:
3184:
3165:
3146:
3126:
3121:
3108:
3107:
3103:
3093:
3091:
3083:
3082:
3078:
3068:
3066:
3061:
3060:
3056:
3046:
3044:
3043:. 2 August 2019
3041:Apollo Magazine
3035:
3034:
3030:
3020:
3018:
3013:
3012:
3008:
2998:
2996:
2986:
2979:
2969:
2967:
2958:
2957:
2953:
2943:
2941:
2928:
2927:
2923:
2910:
2909:
2905:
2894:
2890:
2880:
2878:
2868:
2867:
2863:
2854:
2853:
2849:
2839:
2837:
2828:
2827:
2823:
2814:
2810:
2801:
2800:
2796:
2787:
2783:
2774:
2770:
2761:
2757:
2747:
2745:
2730:
2726:
2717:
2713:
2704:
2700:
2687:
2683:
2674:
2670:
2661:
2654:
2645:
2641:
2631:
2629:
2620:
2619:
2615:
2604:
2600:
2585:
2581:
2572:
2568:
2559:
2555:
2548:
2534:
2527:
2517:
2515:
2513:
2497:
2493:
2486:
2472:
2468:
2461:
2445:
2441:
2435:Wayback Machine
2425:
2421:
2412:
2408:
2398:
2396:
2388:
2387:
2383:
2373:
2371:
2362:
2361:
2357:
2350:
2336:
2332:
2325:
2303:
2296:
2285:
2271:
2267:
2260:
2246:
2239:
2232:
2218:
2214:
2207:
2193:
2189:
2182:
2168:
2164:
2144:
2140:
2130:
2128:
2126:
2110:
2106:
2086:
2082:
2067:
2066:
2059:
2055:, Vol 5, p. 348
2051:
2047:
2038:
2034:
2018:
2017:
2005:
1991:
1990:
1986:
1979:
1965:
1961:
1948:
1947:
1943:
1936:
1922:
1918:
1906:
1899:
1886:
1875:
1871:
1844:
1839:
1728:Bauhaus Archive
1718:
1711:
1708:
1699:
1696:
1687:
1680:
1671:
1665:
1656:
1646:
1637:
1630:
1621:
1618:
1609:
1606:
1597:
1594:
1585:
1582:
1573:
1568:
1562:
1556:
1547:
1533:introduced the
1524:
1498:
1443:
1437:
1327:Aspen Institute
1240:
1219:, a pioneer of
1217:Victor Vasarely
1166:
1119:Wesensforschung
1085:
1028:
1006:. By 1931, the
947:
941:
927:
925:Erich Dieckmann
906:Social Democrat
836:Oskar Kokoschka
779:Oskar Schlemmer
677:
672:
636:
630:
590:New Objectivity
530:mass production
503:Weimar Republic
495:
486:
382:Gesamtkunstwerk
363:mass production
326:
325:
317:
291:Oskar Schlemmer
275:
274:
273:
272:
271:
270:
266:
258:
257:
256:
252:
244:
243:
242:
238:
160:
137:
120:
119:
118:
101:
95:
58:
35:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
8966:
8956:
8955:
8950:
8948:Weimar culture
8945:
8940:
8935:
8930:
8925:
8920:
8918:Graphic design
8915:
8910:
8905:
8900:
8895:
8890:
8885:
8880:
8875:
8870:
8853:
8852:
8850:
8849:
8811:
8797:
8783:
8720:Czech Republic
8679:
8647:
8644:United Kingdom
8639:
8631:
8628:Czech Republic
8622:
8619:
8618:
8616:
8615:
8610:
8605:
8599:
8597:
8589:
8588:
8586:
8585:
8580:
8575:
8570:
8565:
8560:
8555:
8550:
8541:
8538:
8533:
8528:
8523:
8518:
8513:
8507:
8505:
8497:
8496:
8494:
8493:
8488:
8483:
8478:
8471:
8466:
8449:
8444:
8439:
8434:
8429:
8424:
8419:
8413:
8411:
8403:
8402:
8400:
8399:
8394:
8389:
8384:
8379:
8374:
8364:
8359:
8349:
8344:
8338:
8336:
8328:
8327:
8325:
8324:
8314:
8297:
8284:
8279:
8274:
8269:
8256:
8246:
8241:
8232:
8227:
8221:
8219:
8211:
8210:
8199:
8196:
8195:
8168:
8167:
8160:
8153:
8145:
8136:
8135:
8133:
8132:
8121:
8118:
8117:
8115:
8114:
8109:
8102:
8097:
8092:
8087:
8082:
8077:
8072:
8067:
8066:
8065:
8063:Late modernism
8060:
8050:
8045:
8040:
8035:
8030:
8025:
8020:
8019:
8018:
8013:
8011:Genre painting
8003:
7998:
7993:
7988:
7987:
7986:
7981:
7976:
7971:
7961:
7959:Ballets Russes
7956:
7951:
7946:
7945:
7944:
7942:Asemic writing
7934:
7932:History of art
7928:
7926:
7925:Related topics
7922:
7921:
7918:
7917:
7915:
7914:
7909:
7904:
7899:
7898:
7897:
7892:
7882:
7877:
7872:
7867:
7862:
7860:Relational art
7857:
7852:
7847:
7842:
7837:
7832:
7827:
7822:
7817:
7812:
7807:
7806:
7805:
7795:
7790:
7785:
7783:Hypermodernism
7780:
7779:
7778:
7768:
7763:
7758:
7753:
7748:
7743:
7742:
7741:
7731:
7726:
7721:
7716:
7711:
7706:
7701:
7695:
7693:
7687:
7686:
7684:
7683:
7678:
7673:
7668:
7663:
7658:
7653:
7648:
7643:
7638:
7633:
7628:
7623:
7618:
7613:
7608:
7603:
7598:
7593:
7588:
7583:
7578:
7573:
7568:
7567:
7566:
7556:
7551:
7546:
7541:
7540:
7539:
7529:
7524:
7522:Postminimalism
7519:
7514:
7509:
7503:
7501:
7497:
7496:
7494:
7493:
7488:
7483:
7478:
7473:
7468:
7467:
7466:
7456:
7451:
7446:
7441:
7436:
7431:
7426:
7421:
7416:
7411:
7406:
7401:
7399:Generative art
7396:
7391:
7386:
7381:
7376:
7371:
7369:Conceptual art
7366:
7361:
7356:
7351:
7346:
7341:
7336:
7331:
7326:
7321:
7320:
7319:
7309:
7304:
7299:
7294:
7289:
7283:
7281:
7277:
7276:
7274:
7273:
7268:
7266:Cybernetic art
7263:
7258:
7257:
7256:
7254:Ultra-Lettrist
7251:
7241:
7240:
7239:
7229:
7224:
7219:
7214:
7209:
7204:
7199:
7194:
7189:
7184:
7183:
7182:
7172:
7167:
7162:
7157:
7152:
7147:
7142:
7141:
7140:
7135:
7130:
7128:Arte Informale
7125:
7115:
7110:
7105:
7104:
7103:
7093:
7092:
7091:
7081:
7075:
7073:
7066:
7065:(1945âpresent)
7053:
7052:
7049:
7048:
7046:
7045:
7040:
7035:
7030:
7025:
7024:
7023:
7013:
7008:
7007:
7006:
7001:
6994:Heroic realism
6991:
6990:
6989:
6979:
6974:
6969:
6964:
6959:
6954:
6947:
6942:
6937:
6932:
6931:
6930:
6928:Latin American
6925:
6915:
6910:
6905:
6900:
6898:Group of Seven
6895:
6890:
6885:
6880:
6879:
6878:
6868:
6863:
6861:Social realism
6858:
6853:
6848:
6847:
6846:
6844:November Group
6836:
6835:
6834:
6829:
6819:
6818:
6817:
6807:
6802:
6801:
6800:
6788:
6783:
6778:
6777:
6776:
6775:
6774:
6767:Latin American
6762:Constructivism
6759:
6757:Crystal Cubism
6754:
6749:
6744:
6738:
6736:
6732:
6731:
6729:
6728:
6723:
6718:
6713:
6708:
6703:
6698:
6697:
6696:
6686:
6681:
6674:
6673:
6672:
6667:
6657:
6656:
6655:
6645:
6640:
6635:
6634:
6633:
6628:
6618:
6613:
6608:
6603:
6598:
6597:
6596:
6591:
6586:
6581:
6571:
6566:
6561:
6556:
6555:
6554:
6543:
6541:
6537:
6536:
6534:
6533:
6528:
6527:
6526:
6516:
6515:
6514:
6509:
6504:
6499:
6494:
6489:
6484:
6483:
6482:
6467:
6462:
6460:Volcano School
6457:
6456:
6455:
6450:
6440:
6435:
6430:
6429:
6428:
6418:
6413:
6412:
6411:
6406:
6401:
6396:
6395:
6394:
6389:
6374:
6369:
6364:
6359:
6358:
6357:
6345:
6340:
6335:
6334:
6333:
6322:
6320:
6313:
6305:
6304:
6301:
6300:
6298:
6297:
6292:
6291:
6290:
6285:
6284:
6283:
6268:
6267:
6266:
6265:
6264:
6254:
6249:
6239:
6234:
6233:
6232:
6222:
6217:
6215:Norwich School
6212:
6207:
6206:
6205:
6204:
6203:
6193:
6188:
6183:
6178:
6173:
6168:
6163:
6158:
6156:Fairy painting
6147:
6145:
6135:
6134:
6132:
6131:
6130:
6129:
6124:
6113:
6108:
6103:
6098:
6093:
6092:
6091:
6080:
6078:
6072:
6071:
6069:
6068:
6067:
6066:
6061:
6060:
6059:
6054:
6049:
6047:Chilote School
6039:
6037:Casta painting
6029:
6028:
6027:
6022:
6017:
6016:
6015:
6013:Tipos del PaĂs
6010:
5997:
5996:
5995:
5994:
5993:
5983:
5971:
5969:
5965:
5964:
5962:
5961:
5956:
5955:
5954:
5949:
5944:
5939:
5934:
5922:
5921:
5920:
5913:
5908:
5903:
5901:Louis XV style
5898:
5887:
5885:
5881:
5880:
5878:
5877:
5876:
5875:
5870:
5860:
5855:
5850:
5849:
5848:
5838:
5833:
5828:
5823:
5822:
5821:
5816:
5811:
5810:
5809:
5804:
5794:
5789:
5778:
5776:
5772:
5771:
5769:
5768:
5763:
5758:
5753:
5748:
5747:
5746:
5736:
5735:
5734:
5733:
5732:
5727:
5722:
5712:
5711:
5710:
5705:
5703:Cologne School
5695:
5690:
5685:
5684:
5683:
5668:
5667:
5666:
5665:
5664:
5656:
5651:
5646:
5636:
5635:
5634:
5629:
5624:
5614:
5613:
5612:
5605:
5600:
5584:
5582:
5576:
5575:
5573:
5572:
5571:
5570:
5563:
5558:
5556:Italian school
5547:
5542:
5541:
5540:
5538:Sienese School
5530:
5525:
5520:
5515:
5514:
5513:
5508:
5503:
5493:
5486:
5485:
5484:
5474:
5473:
5472:
5467:
5457:
5452:
5451:
5450:
5448:Pre-Romanesque
5445:
5440:
5430:
5429:
5428:
5423:
5418:
5413:
5403:
5398:
5397:
5396:
5384:
5379:
5377:Donor portrait
5374:
5373:
5372:
5367:
5362:
5357:
5352:
5342:
5341:
5340:
5330:
5329:
5328:
5317:
5315:
5309:
5308:
5306:
5305:
5304:
5303:
5298:
5293:
5288:
5286:Julio-Claudian
5283:
5278:
5268:
5263:
5258:
5253:
5248:
5247:
5246:
5245:
5244:
5239:
5238:
5237:
5235:Greco-Buddhist
5227:
5217:
5212:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5192:
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5175:Protogeometric
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3390:(3): 135â140.
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1435:The White City
1433:
1341:, founded the
1301:, part of the
1295:Walter Paepcke
1287:Philip Johnson
1264:Philip Johnson
1165:
1162:
1154:Weimar Germany
1084:
1081:
1061:degenerate art
1027:
1024:
945:Bauhaus Dessau
943:Main article:
940:
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812:Johannes Itten
775:Gerhard Marcks
767:Johannes Itten
745:William Morris
721:Hermann Obrist
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632:Main article:
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515:William Morris
511:constructivism
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421:Walter Gropius
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7611:Memphis Group
7609:
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7187:New media art
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7165:Nanyang Style
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6962:Scuola Romana
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6888:Anthropophagy
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6871:Functionalism
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6791:Neoplasticism
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6694:Cubo-Futurism
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6653:Ashcan School
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6393:
6392:Boston School
6390:
6388:
6387:Hoosier Group
6385:
6384:
6383:
6380:
6379:
6378:
6377:Impressionism
6375:
6373:
6372:Peredvizhniki
6370:
6368:
6365:
6363:
6362:Beuron School
6360:
6356:
6353:
6352:
6351:
6350:
6346:
6344:
6341:
6339:
6336:
6332:
6329:
6328:
6327:
6324:
6323:
6321:
6317:
6314:
6310:
6306:
6296:
6293:
6289:
6286:
6282:
6279:
6278:
6277:
6276:Munich School
6274:
6273:
6272:
6269:
6263:
6260:
6259:
6258:
6255:
6253:
6250:
6248:
6245:
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6235:
6231:
6228:
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6218:
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6213:
6211:
6208:
6202:
6199:
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6187:
6184:
6182:
6179:
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6174:
6172:
6169:
6167:
6164:
6162:
6159:
6157:
6154:
6153:
6152:
6149:
6148:
6146:
6142:
6136:
6128:
6125:
6123:
6120:
6119:
6118:
6114:
6112:
6109:
6107:
6104:
6102:
6099:
6097:
6094:
6090:
6087:
6086:
6085:
6082:
6081:
6079:
6075:Art borrowing
6073:
6065:
6062:
6058:
6055:
6053:
6050:
6048:
6045:
6044:
6043:
6040:
6038:
6035:
6034:
6033:
6030:
6026:
6025:Company style
6023:
6021:
6018:
6014:
6011:
6009:
6006:
6005:
6004:
6001:
6000:
5998:
5992:
5989:
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5979:
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5957:
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5950:
5948:
5945:
5943:
5940:
5938:
5935:
5933:
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5928:
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5926:
5925:Neoclassicism
5923:
5919:
5918:
5914:
5912:
5909:
5907:
5904:
5902:
5899:
5897:
5894:
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5780:
5779:
5777:
5773:
5767:
5764:
5762:
5759:
5757:
5754:
5752:
5751:Cretan School
5749:
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5737:
5731:
5728:
5726:
5723:
5721:
5718:
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5709:
5708:Danube school
5706:
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5297:
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5279:
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5264:
5262:
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5211:
5208:
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5198:
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5193:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5185:Orientalizing
5183:
5181:
5178:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5170:Sub-Mycenaean
5168:
5167:
5166:
5163:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
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5127:
5124:
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5122:
5119:
5118:
5116:
5114:
5110:
5107:
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5097:
5093:
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5084:art movements
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5079:
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5068:
5063:
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5028:
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5013:
5011:
5008:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4989:
4986:
4985:
4984:
4983:Postmodernism
4981:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4940:
4939:Cubo-Futurism
4937:
4936:
4935:
4932:
4931:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4919:Expressionism
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4906:
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4900:
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4886:
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4879:
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4779:
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4772:
4769:
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4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4746:Music theatre
4744:
4740:
4737:
4736:
4735:
4734:Minimal music
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4718:
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4714:
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4710:
4708:
4705:
4701:
4698:
4697:
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4683:
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4680:Ars subtilior
4678:
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4555:Nouveau roman
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4462:Temporary art
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4420:
4418:
4417:Nonconformism
4415:
4413:
4410:
4406:
4403:
4402:
4401:
4400:Neoplasticism
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4390:Mir iskusstva
4388:
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4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
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4361:
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4356:
4353:
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4350:Impressionism
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
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4333:
4331:
4328:
4324:
4321:
4320:
4319:
4318:Functionalism
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4304:
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4188:New Classical
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4173:
4170:
4165:
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4154:
4149:
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4141:
4138:
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4132:Postmodernism
4130:
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4116:Structuralism
4114:
4109:
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4101:
4098:
4093:
4090:
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4077:
4074:
4071:(1930sâ1950s)
4069:
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4058:
4053:
4050:
4045:
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4037:
4034:
4029:
4026:
4023:(1920sâ1970s)
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4020:Functionalism
4018:
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4010:
4007:(1920sâ1930s)
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3997:
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3846:Postmodernism
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3821:New Classical
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3273:. LSU Press.
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1019:Marcel Breuer
1015:
1011:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
996:Marcel Breuer
993:
992:Herbert Bayer
988:
986:
982:
976:
974:
970:
969:
964:
963:Neo-classical
960:
959:Fagus Factory
957:lines of the
956:
952:
946:
931:
926:
921:
917:
915:
911:
907:
903:
898:
895:
894:
889:
885:
881:
880:Expressionism
873:
872:Joost Schmidt
868:
864:
862:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
840:Expressionism
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
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813:
808:
806:
802:
801:
796:
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788:
784:
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768:
764:
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750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
725:August Endell
722:
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694:
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686:
681:
667:
665:
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655:
653:
649:
645:
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635:
625:
623:
619:
615:
614:Martin Wagner
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
586:Expressionism
583:
578:
576:
572:
567:
563:
560:' pioneering
559:
558:Peter Behrens
555:
546:
542:
539:
535:
531:
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516:
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339:
338:
329:
323:
315:
307:
306:Herbert Bayer
303:
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264:
250:
236:
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67:
63:
61:
60:
54:
48:
46:
41:You can help
37:
28:
27:
22:
8813:Shared with
8799:Shared with
8681:Shared with
8649:Shared with
8633:Shared with
8356:
8351:
8200:
8188:
8176:
8106:Trompe-l'Ćil
8104:
8075:Outsider art
8028:Illustration
7984:Lutheran art
7974:Catholic art
7937:Abstract art
7907:Unilalianism
7870:Software art
7845:Neosymbolism
7835:Neo-futurism
7798:Internet art
7788:Hyperrealism
7641:Superfiction
7424:Photorealism
7292:Afrofuturism
7057:Contemporary
7033:Dimensionism
7016:Concrete art
6949:
6945:Precisionism
6875:
6795:
6742:Sosaku-hanga
6716:Productivism
6706:Metaphysical
6676:
6665:Proto-Cubism
6569:Secessionism
6531:Costumbrismo
6416:Aestheticism
6367:Hague School
6347:
6271:Academic art
6252:Costumbrismo
6220:Empire style
6057:Quito School
6052:Cusco School
5968:Colonial art
5929:
5917:FĂȘte galante
5915:
5884:18th century
5846:Delft School
5797:Caravaggisti
5775:17th century
5660:
5617:Quattrocento
5607:
5565:
5488:
5391:
5321:Late antique
5205:Severe style
5195:Black-figure
5082:Contemporary
4848:Epic theatre
4685:Atonal music
4520:Flarf poetry
4510:Ego-Futurism
4322:
4308:Proto-Cubism
4211:
4196:Contemporary
4148:Neo-futurism
4140:Blobitecture
4079:(1930sâ1970)
3963:
3811:Neo-Futurism
3741:Contemporary
3721:Blobitecture
3715:
3640:. Retrieved
3628:
3613:. Retrieved
3601:
3586:. Retrieved
3583:The Fostinum
3582:
3567:. Retrieved
3563:
3547:. Retrieved
3543:
3528:. Retrieved
3524:the original
3519:
3504:. Retrieved
3500:the original
3495:
3457:
3420:
3387:
3383:
3356:
3347:
3327:
3308:
3289:
3269:
3259:
3250:
3231:
3212:
3192:
3173:
3154:
3133:
3113:
3104:
3092:. Retrieved
3088:
3079:
3067:. Retrieved
3057:
3045:. Retrieved
3040:
3031:
3019:. Retrieved
3009:
2997:. Retrieved
2993:
2988:Baker, Sam.
2970:16 September
2968:. Retrieved
2964:the original
2954:
2942:. Retrieved
2938:the original
2933:
2924:
2916:the original
2906:
2896:
2891:
2879:. Retrieved
2873:
2864:
2850:
2838:. Retrieved
2833:
2824:
2816:
2811:
2797:
2789:
2784:
2776:
2771:
2763:
2758:
2746:. Retrieved
2742:the original
2737:
2727:
2719:
2714:
2706:
2701:
2693:
2689:
2684:
2676:
2671:
2663:
2647:
2642:
2630:. Retrieved
2625:
2616:
2607:
2601:
2592:
2582:
2574:
2569:
2561:
2556:
2537:
2516:. Retrieved
2501:
2494:
2475:
2469:
2449:
2442:
2422:
2414:
2409:
2397:. Retrieved
2393:
2384:
2372:. Retrieved
2367:
2358:
2339:
2333:
2310:
2288:
2274:
2268:
2249:
2221:
2215:
2196:
2190:
2171:
2165:
2149:
2141:
2129:. Retrieved
2114:
2107:
2088:
2083:
2075:
2070:
2068:(in Russian)
2052:
2048:
2040:
2035:
1993:
1987:
1968:
1962:
1953:
1944:
1925:
1919:
1854:
1849:
1811:(New Vision)
1793:Lucia Moholy
1778:Haus am Horn
1548:
1539:
1525:
1506:
1499:
1477:
1444:
1415:
1411:
1403:BauhausbĂŒhne
1402:
1395:World War II
1392:
1381:designed by
1368:
1362:
1358:
1355:
1280:
1276:Paul Rudolph
1241:
1201:
1187:
1138:Hans Poelzig
1130:
1123:
1118:
1107:
1103:Haus am Horn
1086:
1069:Nazi Germany
1058:
1054:Soviet Union
1041:Adolf Hitler
1038:
1029:
989:
977:
966:
948:
910:Haus am Horn
899:
891:
877:
855:
815:
809:
805:El Lissitzky
798:
755:
740:
737:applied arts
698:
663:
660:El Lissitzky
656:
648:Soviet Union
644:color theory
637:
602:Hans Poelzig
579:
551:
523:
496:
487:
478:Hannes Meyer
467:
456:
445:Hannes Meyer
426:
406:Gunta Stölzl
371:
336:
313:
311:
285:The Bauhaus
125:
88:edit summary
79:
50:
42:
8788:Netherlands
8774:Switzerland
8676:Switzerland
7991:Digital art
7954:Avant-garde
7895:Superstroke
7771:Flat design
7766:Fictive art
7761:Excessivism
7709:Art for art
7704:Altermodern
7646:Taring Padi
7581:Lowbrow art
7549:Pliontanism
7486:Yoru no Kai
7439:Process art
7379:Systems art
7349:Arte Povera
7271:Antipodeans
7180:in New York
7150:Jikken KĆbĆ
7113:Color field
6982:Regionalism
6951:Aeropittura
6940:Neo-Fauvism
6913:Neues Sehen
6883:Kinetic art
6747:Suprematism
6721:Synchromism
6638:Noucentisme
6559:Primitivism
6547:Art Nouveau
6502:Cloisonnism
6492:Pointillism
6487:Divisionism
6465:Incoherents
6426:Art pottery
6312:(1863â1944)
6262:Macchiaioli
6237:Biedermeier
6225:Historicism
6210:Orientalism
6151:Romanticism
6122:Akita ranga
5974:Art of the
5959:Picturesque
5911:Chinoiserie
5906:Frederician
5744:Tudor court
5639:Cinquecento
5580:Renaissance
5567:Mappa mundi
5551:cartography
5443:Carolingian
5438:Merovingian
5421:Palaeologan
5393:RepoblaciĂłn
5350:Anglo-Saxon
5281:Gallo-Roman
5220:Hellenistic
5215:Kerch style
5153:Minyan ware
5000:Primitivism
4826:and theatre
4766:Noise music
4739:Drone music
4570:Slam poetry
4457:Suprematism
4442:Process art
4370:Incoherents
4365:Color Field
4340:Divisionism
4288:Art Nouveau
4268:Avant-garde
4111:(1953â1970)
4087:(1933â1969)
4063:(1933â1944)
4060:PWA Moderne
4047:(1910â1939)
3999:(1925â1950)
3991:(1922â1933)
3983:(1921â1929)
3980:Rondocubism
3975:(1920â1932)
3967:(1919â1933)
3959:(1917â1931)
3927:(1890â1910)
3924:Art Nouveau
3919:(1888â1911)
3891:Sustainable
3866:Rondocubism
3851:PWA Moderne
3711:Art Nouveau
3094:16 February
3065:(in German)
3017:(in German)
2840:17 December
1895:, pp. 64â66
1809:Neues Sehen
1686:(1922â1925)
1655:(1921â1922)
1632:The Mensa (
1329:. In 1953,
1291:New Bauhaus
1090:Adolf Meyer
1021:(1925â1926)
1004:Lilly Reich
928: [
820:Franz CiĆŸek
729:World War I
713:Art Nouveau
575:Adolf Meyer
554:Neues Bauen
499:World War I
458:avant-garde
423:(1883â1969)
198:1996 (20th
195:Inscription
8862:Categories
8613:Wadden Sea
8372:Wittenberg
8267:Hildesheim
8038:Jewish art
7850:Passionism
7810:iPhone art
7756:Cyborg art
7751:Crypto art
7724:Brandalism
7616:Cyberdelic
7481:TropicĂĄlia
7454:Street art
7409:Intermedia
7389:Minimalism
7108:Spatialism
7062:Postmodern
6918:Surrealism
6786:Shin-hanga
6626:Die BrĂŒcke
6594:Sonderbund
6507:Synthetism
6230:Revivalism
6139:Transition
6096:Manichaean
5942:Adam style
5863:Classicism
5802:in Utrecht
5730:Still life
5460:Romanesque
5416:Macedonian
5411:Iconoclast
5370:Visigothic
5276:Republican
5230:Indo-Greek
5200:Red-figure
5020:Surrealism
4958:Minimalism
4833:Cinéma pur
4478:and poetry
4476:Literature
4385:Minimalism
4276:Visual art
4124:Metabolism
4036:Organicism
3916:Modernisme
3836:Organicism
3801:Modernisme
3791:Metabolism
3690:Genres of
3194:curriculum
2944:17 January
1908:Vasileva E
1800:, Tel Aviv
1478:White City
1339:Otl Aicher
1178:typewriter
1176:Studio 42
1134:Bruno Taut
1073:Fritz Todt
1008:Nazi Party
715:architect
598:Bruno Taut
509:, such as
394:typography
347:art school
302:Typography
52:(May 2024)
8318:Stralsund
8308:Chilehaus
8253:Danevirke
8100:Shock art
8090:Queer art
8070:NaĂŻve art
8053:Modernism
7885:Superflat
7875:Sound art
7855:Post-YBAs
7840:Neomodern
7681:Verdadism
7651:Superflat
7500:1970â1999
7464:in the US
7384:Video art
7307:Happening
7280:1960â1969
7072:1945â1959
6735:1915â1944
6726:Vorticism
6678:A Nyolcak
6540:1900â1914
6512:Les Nabis
6443:Symbolism
6399:Amsterdam
6349:Japonisme
6319:1863â1899
6281:in Greece
6141:to modern
5986:Caribbean
5931:Goût grec
5853:Capriccio
5807:Tenebrism
5756:Turquerie
5654:Mannerism
5549:Medieval
5406:Byzantine
5387:Mozarabic
5338:Ethiopian
5242:Neo-Attic
5225:"Baroque"
5210:Classical
5180:Geometric
5158:Mycenaean
5105:(Western)
5103:Premodern
5074:Premodern
5025:Symbolism
4953:Modernism
4786:Serialism
4771:Post-rock
4712:Free jazz
4620:Free funk
4575:UltraĂsmo
4530:Imaginism
4505:Cyberpunk
4467:Vorticism
4270:movements
4180:Neomodern
4156:High-tech
4108:New Khmer
4092:Brutalism
4068:Stalinist
3871:Stalinist
3826:New Khmer
3816:Neomodern
3781:High-tech
3731:Bowellism
3726:Brutalism
3653:from the
3439:809539744
3412:201241249
3404:1071-7641
2748:19 August
2562:Paul Klee
2390:"Bauhaus"
2102:, p. 244
2021:cite book
2013:754734489
1910:. (2016)
1869:Citations
1830:Vkhutemas
1648:Gropius'
1636:), Dessau
1634:cafeteria
1387:Mart Stam
1347:semiotics
1268:I. M. Pei
1150:Frankfurt
1142:Ernst May
1077:autobahns
973:Mart Stam
923:Chair by
902:Thuringia
830:group in
783:Paul Klee
760:premodern
753:neologism
733:fine arts
634:Vkhutemas
618:Frankfurt
610:Ernst May
582:zeitgeist
526:modernism
398:Paul Klee
355:fine arts
185:Reference
106:talk page
47:in Hebrew
8808:Slovakia
8762:Slovenia
8756:Slovakia
8708:Bulgaria
8670:Slovenia
8502:Southern
8368:Eisleben
8251:and the
8216:Northern
8130:Category
8080:Portrait
8001:Folk art
7949:Anti-art
7880:Stuckism
7793:Idea art
7714:Art game
7666:Artivism
7554:Punk art
7532:Sots Art
7517:Artscene
7374:Land art
7312:Neo-Dada
7244:Lettrism
7138:Nuagisme
7123:Tachisme
7004:Nazi art
6797:De Stijl
6711:Rayonism
6701:Art Deco
6689:Futurism
6480:Luminism
6448:Romanian
6433:Tonalism
6404:Canadian
6382:American
6288:Neo-Grec
5896:Rocaille
5725:Romanism
5659:Counter-
5593:Trecento
5533:Duecento
5523:Crusades
5455:Ottonian
5433:Frankish
5313:Medieval
5296:Trajanic
5256:Scythian
5251:Etruscan
5143:Cycladic
5121:Thracian
4973:Neo-Dada
4948:Lettrism
4929:Futurism
4843:Drop Art
4838:Dogme 95
4806:Totalism
4724:Futurism
4675:Ars nova
4603:By style
4550:Neoteric
4452:Rayonism
4405:De Stijl
4380:Mail art
4335:DevÄtsil
4199:(2000sâ)
4191:(1990sâ)
4183:(1990sâ)
4175:(1980sâ)
4167:(1980sâ)
4159:(1970sâ)
4151:(1960sâ)
4143:(1960sâ)
4135:(1960sâ)
4100:Tropical
4044:Art Deco
4039:(1920sâ)
4031:(1920sâ)
4028:Futurism
4015:(1920sâ)
3956:De Stijl
3896:Tropical
3771:Futurism
3751:De Stijl
3706:Art Deco
3642:12 April
3615:12 April
3588:12 April
3569:12 April
3549:12 April
3544:Tate art
3530:12 April
3506:28 March
3069:21 April
3047:21 April
3021:21 April
2999:21 April
2934:BBC News
2664:Vasarely
2431:Archived
2160:; p. 215
2076:ĐŃ
ŃŃĐ”ĐŒĐ°Ń
2043:, p. 416
1716:See also
1669:Chemnitz
1458:Tel Aviv
1429:Tel Aviv
1331:Max Bill
1208:Budapest
1174:Olivetti
1036:school.
968:Völkisch
800:De Stijl
735:and the
695:in 1996.
662:'s book
652:the West
461:for the
367:function
353:and the
176:Criteria
166:Location
82:provide
8868:Bauhaus
8834:Czechia
8828:Belgium
8822:Austria
8802:Austria
8794:Denmark
8780:Ukraine
8750:Romania
8714:Croatia
8696:Belgium
8690:Austria
8684:Albania
8652:Austria
8594:Natural
8408:Western
8333:Central
8312:Hamburg
8185:Germany
8095:Realism
7692:present
7419:Nut Art
7222:Pop art
7160:Mono-ha
7028:The Ten
6977:Kapists
6923:Iranian
6876:Bauhaus
6670:Orphism
6616:Fauvism
6453:Russian
6343:Nihonga
6257:Verismo
6242:Realism
6176:Purismo
6089:Moorish
6084:Islamic
5991:Haitian
5782:Baroque
5661:Maniera
5545:Mudéjar
5470:Spanish
5382:Pictish
5365:Lombard
5360:Insular
5301:Severan
5266:Gaulish
5261:Iberian
5190:Archaic
5133:Nuragic
5113:Ancient
5096:periods
4902:General
4761:No wave
4535:Imagism
4485:Acmeism
4437:Pop art
4427:Orphism
4345:Fauvism
4323:Bauhaus
4127:(1959â)
4119:(1959â)
4103:(1958â)
4055:(1930s)
3964:Bauhaus
3951:(1913â)
3943:(1910â)
3716:Bauhaus
3458:Bauhaus
3232:Bauhaus
3174:Bauhaus
2870:"About"
2415:Bauhaus
2399:14 June
2374:14 June
2368:The MET
2315:185â189
2148:(1995)
1571:Gallery
1363:Vorkurs
1359:Vorkurs
1184:in 1936
1146:Dresden
1033:Gestapo
893:Bauhaus
856:Vorkurs
816:Vorkurs
756:Bauhaus
470:pottery
337:Bauhaus
318:German:
200:Session
170:Germany
104:to the
86:in the
49:.
8816:France
8744:Poland
8726:France
8658:France
8636:Poland
8475:Speyer
8322:Wismar
8249:Hedeby
8043:Kitsch
7902:Toyism
7394:Fluxus
7324:Op art
6893:Mingei
6827:Stupid
6805:Purism
6660:Cubism
6309:Modern
6101:Mughal
5891:Rococo
5496:Gothic
5477:Norman
5401:Viking
5355:Hunnic
5333:Coptic
5148:Minoan
5138:Aegean
5126:Dacian
5078:Modern
4978:Neoism
4924:Fluxus
4824:Cinema
4663:Others
4565:Oulipo
4560:Oberiu
4447:Purism
4313:Cubism
4076:Googie
3908:decade
3776:Googie
3455:about
3437:
3427:
3410:
3402:
3363:
3334:
3315:
3296:
3277:
3238:
3219:
3200:
3180:
3161:
3142:
3089:Scribd
2994:Forbes
2632:2 July
2544:
2518:15 May
2509:
2482:
2457:
2346:
2321:
2281:
2256:
2228:
2203:
2178:
2156:
2131:15 May
2122:
2098:
2011:
2001:
1975:
1932:
1891:
1474:UNESCO
1450:Hebrew
1248:Isokon
1221:op art
1194:UNESCO
1190:Israel
1164:Impact
1026:Berlin
951:Dessau
939:Dessau
934:, 1925
874:, 1925
832:Munich
723:, and
701:Weimar
675:Weimar
640:Moscow
437:Berlin
433:Dessau
429:Weimar
408:, and
392:, and
378:Weimar
359:design
351:crafts
343:German
287:emblem
269:Bernau
255:Dessau
241:Weimar
153:Dessau
8840:Italy
8768:Spain
8732:Italy
8664:Italy
8464:Trier
8306:with
7690:2000â
7133:COBRA
6127:Uki-e
6117:Japan
6106:Qajar
5465:Mosan
5271:Roman
5165:Greek
4652:Metal
4595:Music
3408:S2CID
2881:7 May
2577:, 325
1470:Nazis
1323:Aspen
932:]
763:guild
66:DeepL
8805:and
8791:and
8777:and
8673:and
8458:and
8370:and
8320:and
8302:and
8293:and
8261:and
8237:and
7979:Icon
7302:ZERO
7060:and
6957:Asso
6781:Dada
6338:YĆga
5080:and
4914:Dada
4647:Punk
4642:Prog
4637:Rock
4625:Yass
4615:Jazz
4610:Funk
4585:Zaum
3644:2019
3617:2019
3590:2019
3571:2019
3551:2019
3532:2019
3508:2019
3435:OCLC
3425:ISBN
3400:ISSN
3361:ISBN
3332:ISBN
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