Netherlands - Knowledge

7027:) form the largest part of the first level. Being referred by a member of the first level is mandatory for access to the second and third level. The health care system is in comparison to other Western countries, effective but not the most cost-effective. Healthcare is financed by a dual system that came into effect in January 2006. Long-term treatments, especially those that involve semi-permanent hospitalisation, and disability costs such as wheelchairs, are covered by a state-controlled mandatory insurance. In 2009 this insurance covered 27% of all health care expenses. Other sources of health care payment are taxes (14%), out of pocket payments (9%), additional optional health insurance packages (4%) and a range of other sources (4%). Health insurance in the Netherlands is mandatory. Healthcare in the Netherlands is covered by two statutory forms of insurance: 7301: 7093: 2492: 6982: 4270: 7661: 2716: 2454: 2653: 17692: 6123: 6070: 3212: 2480: 7321: 4290: 111: 4414: 212: 2810: 4215: 6900:(27%). In 2015, a vast majority of the inhabitants of the Netherlands (82%) said they had never or almost never visited a church, and 59% stated that they had never been to a church. Of all the people questioned, 24% saw themselves as atheist, an increase of 11% compared to the previous study done in 2006. The expected rise of spirituality has come to a halt according to research in 2015. In 2006, 40% of respondents considered themselves spiritual; in 2015 this has dropped to 31%. The number who believed in the existence of a higher power fell from 36% to 28% over the same period. 18327: 7136: 6923: 4124: 5263: 2346: 6464: 5912: 3794: 3691: 4813: 5512: 8712: 4523: 100: 18995: 5011: 6080: 5708: 8298: 5378: 3932: 7039:

This insurance covers 41% of all health care expenses. Insurers have to offer a universal package for everyone over 18, regardless of age or state of health – it is illegal to refuse an application or impose special conditions. The funding burden for all short-term health care coverage is carried 50% by employers, 45% by the insured person and 5% by the government. Those on low incomes receive compensation to help them pay their insurance. Premiums paid by the insured are about €135 per month.

232: 8533: 8109: 18212: 5204: 3419: 6994: 4888: 2828: 2249: 4970: 7572: 910: 755: 17997: 16449: 4929: 4847: 4738: 3647: 4779: 4663: 18009: 7343: 5142: 5045: 4629: 7008:(EHCI), which compares healthcare systems in Europe, scoring 916 of a maximum 1,000 points. The Netherlands has been among the top three countries in each report published since 2005. On 48 indicators such as patient rights and information, accessibility, prevention and outcomes, the Netherlands secured its top position among 37 European countries for six years in a row. The Netherlands was ranked first in a study in 2009 comparing the 222: 2132: 6133: 7063: 5700: 5648: 5173: 4704: 5355: 3111: 1733: 16439: 1991: 887: 868: 835: 816: 1745: 13677: 935: 3012:. However, the wars left them effectively bankrupt, and inflicted permanent damage on the Dutch merchant navy; while they remained the dominant economic power in the Far East, Britain took over as the pre-eminent global commercial and maritime power. Between 1590 and 1713, the United Provinces consistently possessed one of Europe's largest and most capable armies. However, following the 3821:. Since then, new projects have been periodically started to renovate and renew the Delta Works. The main goal of the Delta project was to reduce the risk of flooding in South Holland and Zeeland. This was achieved by raising 3,000 km (1,900 mi) of outer sea-dikes and 10,000 km (6,200 mi) of the inner, canal, and river dikes, and by closing off the sea 12611:

Maerz, Kyle L. Marquardt, Kelly McMann, Valeriya Mechkova, Juraj Medzihorsky, Pamela Paxton, Daniel Pemstein, Josefine Pernes, Johannes von Römer, Brigitte Seim, Rachel Sigman, Svend-Erik Skaaning, Jeffrey Staton, Aksel Sundström, Eitan Tzelgov, Yi-ting Wang, Tore Wig, Steven Wilson and Daniel Ziblatt. 2021. "V-Dem Dataset v11.1" Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Project.

7019:(HCP), patients have a great degree of freedom from where to buy their health insurance, to where they get their healthcare. Healthcare decisions are made in dialogue between patients and healthcare professionals. Healthcare in the Netherlands is split 3 ways: in somatic and mental health care and in 'cure' (short term) and 'care' (long term). Home doctors ( 3016:, other major powers such as Prussia, Austria, Britain, and Russia significantly expanded their military forces. The Republic struggled to match these developments, and gradually assumed the status of a mid-tier power. However, historians have sometimes overstated the extent of this decline, especially when considering the period up to the 1750s. 5497:, the Special Operations Force of the Netherlands Army, is open to women, but because of the extremely high physical demands for initial training, it is almost impossible for a woman to become a commando. The Dutch Ministry of Defence employs more than 70,000 personnel, including over 20,000 civilians and over 50,000 military personnel. 12999:"Through the establishment of the BES islands as public bodies, rather than communities, the BES islands' rules may deviate from the rules in the European part of the Netherlands. The Dutch legislation will be introduced gradually. The public bodies fall directly under the central government because they are not part of a province." 4574:), each having authority in matters concerning water management. The creation of water boards pre-dates that of the nation itself, the first appearing in 1196. The Dutch water boards are among the oldest democratic entities in the world still in existence. Direct elections of the water boards take place every four years. 5671:, banking and transport. The Netherlands successfully addressed the issue of public finances and stagnating job growth long before its European partners. Amsterdam is the 5th-busiest tourist destination in Europe, with more than 4.2 million international visitors. Since the enlargement of the EU, large numbers of 198: 8377:, pastries and cookies. As a coastal region, Friesland is home to low-lying grasslands, and thus has a cheese production in common with the Western cuisine. Cookies are produced in great number and contain a lot of butter and sugar. The traditional alcoholic beverages are beer (strong pale lager) and 7038:

While Dutch residents are automatically insured by the government for AWBZ, everyone has to buy their own basic healthcare insurance, except those under 18 who are automatically covered under their parents. Insurance companies are obliged to provide a package with a defined set of insured treatments.

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Beginning in the 1950s, the Netherlands discovered huge natural gas resources. The sale of natural gas generated enormous revenues for the Netherlands for decades, adding, over sixty years, hundreds of billions of euros to the government's budget. However, the unforeseen consequences of the country's

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On more than one occasion men were seen hanging their own brothers, who had been taken prisoners in the enemy's ranks... A Spaniard had ceased to be human in their eyes. On one occasion, a surgeon at Veer cut the heart from a Spanish prisoner, nailed it on a vessel's prow, and invited the townsmen to

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has four grades and is subdivided over several levels. Successfully completing the VMBO results in a low-level vocational degree that grants access to the MBO. The MBO (middle-level applied education) is a form of education that primarily focuses on teaching a practical trade or a vocational degree.

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Children in the Netherlands attend elementary school from (on average) ages 4 to 12. It has eight grades and the first is facultative. Based on an aptitude test, the eighth grade teacher's recommendation and the opinion of the pupil's parents or caretakers, a choice is made for one of the three main

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The Constitution of the Netherlands guarantees freedom of education, which means that all schools that adhere to general quality criteria receive the same government funding. This includes schools based on religious principles by religious groups (especially Catholic and Protestant). Three political

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in the Netherlands, corresponding to 11.1% of the total population. Of these, 1.4 million (8.5%) were born outside the EU and 0.43 million (2.6%) were born in another EU Member State. On 21 November 2016, there were 3.8 million residents in the Netherlands with at least one foreign-born parent. Over

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Doctoral candidates in the Netherlands are generally non-tenured employees of a university. All Dutch schools and universities are publicly funded and managed with the exception of religious schools. Dutch universities have a tuition fee of about 2,000 euros a year for students from the Netherlands

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The Dutch agricultural sector is highly mechanised, and has a strong focus on international exports. It employs about 4% of the Dutch labour force but produces large surpluses in the food-processing industry and accounts for 21% of the Dutch total export value. The Dutch rank first in the European

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As of 2020, the key trading partners of the Netherlands were Germany, Belgium, the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Italy, China and Russia. The Netherlands is one of the world's 10 leading exporting countries. Foodstuffs form the largest industrial sector. Other major industries include

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grants more flow space to rivers, protects the major populated areas and allows for periodic flooding of indefensible lands. The few residents who lived in these so-called "overflow areas" have been moved to higher ground, with some of that ground having been raised above anticipated flood levels.

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of 69 AD but were eventually defeated. The Batavi later merged with other tribes into the confederation of the Salian Franks, whose identity emerged in the first half of the third century. Salian Franks appear in Roman texts as both allies and enemies. They were forced by the confederation of the

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Coppedge, Michael, John Gerring, Carl Henrik Knutsen, Staffan I. Lindberg, Jan Teorell, Nazifa Alizada, David Altman, Michael Bernhard, Agnes Cornell, M. Steven Fish, Lisa Gastaldi, Haakon Gjerløw, Adam Glynn, Allen Hicken, Garry Hindle, Nina Ilchenko, Joshua Krusell, Anna Lührmann, Seraphine F.

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The Netherlands has a well developed television market, with both multiple commercial and public broadcasters. Imported TV programmes, as well as interviews with responses in a foreign language, are virtually always shown with the original sound and subtitled. Only foreign shows for children are

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Europe. In 1983 the (ceremonial) function of commander of chief of the monarch was transferred to the government, which means the monarch (nominal head of state) has no formal military function. In 1996 conscription was suspended, and the Dutch army was once again transformed into a professional

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will result in a rise in sea level. The Netherlands is actively preparing for a sea-level rise. A politically neutral Delta Commission has formulated an action plan to cope with a sea-level rise of 1.10 m (4 ft) and a simultaneous land height decline of 10 cm (4 in). The plan

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to contract and ground levels to drop; groundwater levels were lowered to compensate, causing the underlying peat to contract further. Additionally, until the 19th century peat was mined, dried, and used for fuel, further exacerbating the problem. Even in flooded areas, peat extraction continued

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airports handled 70 million passengers. All air traffic is international and Schiphol Airport is connected to over 300 destinations worldwide, more than any other European airport. The airport is a major freight hub as well, processing 1.44 million tonnes of cargo in 2020. Smaller international

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The Netherlands continues to be one of the leading European nations for attracting foreign direct investment and is one of the five largest investors in the United States. The economy experienced a slowdown in 2005, but in 2006 recovered to the fastest pace in six years on the back of increased

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Dutch cuisine is simple and straightforward, and contains many dairy products. Breakfast and lunch are typically bread with toppings, with cereal for breakfast as an alternative. Traditionally, dinner consists of potatoes, meat, and vegetables. The Dutch diet was high in carbohydrates and fat,

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and volleyball. Tennis, gymnastics and golf are the three most widely engaged in individual sports. Organisation of sports began at the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century. Federations for sports were established, rules were unified and sports clubs came into existence. A

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Dutch manners are open and direct with a no-nonsense attitude—informality combined with adherence to basic behaviour. "Dealing with the Dutch" by Jacob Vossestein states: "Dutch egalitarianism is the idea that people are equal, especially from a moral point of view, and accordingly, causes the

190: 189: 5728:. The field is operated by government-owned Gasunie and output is jointly exploited by the government, Royal Dutch Shell, and ExxonMobil. Gas production caused earthquakes which damaged housing. After a large public backlash, the government decided to phase out gas production from the field. 5776:

totals only 0.8 global hectares per person in 2016, 0.2 of which are dedicated to agriculture. The Dutch biocapacity per person is just about half of the 1.6 global hectares of biocapacity per person available worldwide. In contrast, in 2016, the Dutch used on average 4.8 global hectares of

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with 1.30 m (4.3 ft) of additional flood protection. Climate change will not only threaten the Netherlands from the coast, but could also alter rainfall patterns and river run-off. To protect the country from river flooding, another programme is already being executed. The

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was introduced in 1830; in the Dutch East Indies, 20% of village land had to be devoted to government crops for export. The policy brought the Dutch enormous wealth and made the colony self-sufficient. The Netherlands abolished slavery in its colonies in 1863. Enslaved people in

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is a ubiquitous mode of transport. Almost as many kilometres are covered by bicycle as by train. The Dutch are estimated to have at least 18 million bicycles, which makes more than one per capita, and twice as many as the circa 9 million motor vehicles on the road. In 2013, the

7080:, as the government implemented ambitious policy on both charging infrastructure and tax benefits. As of 2019, the Netherlands hosts approximately 30% of all recharging stations in the European Union. Moreover, newly sold cars in the Netherlands have on average the lowest CO 7053:

Mobility on Dutch roads has grown continuously since the 1950s and now exceeds 200 billion km travelled per year, three quarters of which are done by car. Around half of all trips in the Netherlands are made by car, 25% by bicycle, 20% walking, and 5% by public transport.

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Union and second worldwide in value of agricultural exports, behind only the United States, with agricultural exports earning €80.7 billion in 2014, up from €75.4 billion in 2012. In 2019 agricultural exports were worth €94.5 billion. In an effort to reduce

3736:("high home councils") started to appear, whose job it was to maintain the water level and to protect a region from floods; these agencies continue to exist. As the ground level dropped, the dikes by necessity grew and merged into an integrated system. By the 13th century 8970: 14394:"The Kingdom of the Netherlands further declares that the principles enumerated in Part II of the Charter will be applied to the Lower-Saxon languages used in the Netherlands, and, in accordance with Article 7, paragraph 5, to Yiddish and the Romanes languages." 7108:

About 13% of all distance is travelled by public transport, the majority of which is by train. The Dutch rail network of 3,013 km route is also rather dense. The network is mostly focused on passenger rail services and connects all major cities, with over

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Education in the Netherlands is compulsory between the ages of 5 and 16. If a child does not have a "starting qualification" (HAVO, VWO or MBO 2+ degree) they are still forced to attend classes until they achieve such a qualification or reach the age of 18.

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go through the country. The Netherlands exports one-fifteenth of the world's apples. A significant portion of Dutch agricultural exports consists of fresh-cut plants, flowers, and flower bulbs, with the Netherlands exporting two-thirds of the world's total.

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of 1.81 metres (5 ft 11.3 in) for men and 1.67 metres (5 ft 5.7 in) for women in 2009. The average height of young men in the Netherlands increased from 5 feet, 4 inches to approximately 6 feet between the 1850s until the early 2000s.

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The Netherlands is geographically very low relative to sea level and is considered a flat country, with about 26% of its area and 21% of its population below sea level. The European part of the country is for the most part flat, with the exception of

2327:, raided the Frisian lands. Resistance to the Vikings, if any, came from local nobles, who gained in stature as a result, and that laid the basis for the disintegration of Lower Lotharingia into semi-independent states. One of these local nobles was 14203: 5832:

country in the world with a density of 424 per square kilometre (1,100/sq mi). Between 1900 and 1950, the country's population almost doubled from 5.1 to 10 million. From 1950 to 2000, the population further increased, to 15.9 million.

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ruled much of the Low Countries in the 10th and 11th century but was not able to maintain political unity. Powerful local nobles turned their cities, counties and duchies into private kingdoms that felt little sense of obligation to the emperor.

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The Netherlands is one of the most secular countries of Europe, and religion in the Netherlands is generally considered as a personal matter which is not supposed to be propagated in public, although it often remains a discussion subject.

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The regions in the northeast are the least populated areas of the Netherlands. The late 18th century introduction of large scale agriculture means the cuisine is known for its meats. The relative lack of farms allowed for an abundance of

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of the European Union, in part due to the large number of cows. The Dutch government has set goals to lower emissions in the next few decades. The Dutch response to climate change is driven by a number of unique factors, including larger

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defines policies and measures to support the achievement of Dutch climate targets and was developed through a collaborative process involving parties from across Dutch society. As of 2018, the Netherlands had one of the highest rates of

6593:), the acquisition of two additional modern foreign language skills is mandatory. Besides English, the standard modern languages are French and German, although schools can replace one of these with Chinese, Spanish, Russian, Italian, 1648:) to refer to the Northern Dutch (Dutch living North of these rivers). In the Southern province of Limburg, the term is used for the Dutch from the other 11 provinces. The use of the term in this context by the Southern Dutch is in a 15426: 11014:

Bengal was rich in the production and export of grain, salt, fruit, liquors and wines, precious metals and ornaments besides the output of its handlooms in silk and cotton. Europe referred to Bengal as the richest country to trade

2973:, it could successfully prevent the English and French navies from blockading the western shores. On land, however, it was almost taken over by the advancing French and German armies from the east. It managed to turn the tide by 3873:. The average temperature in the Netherlands rose by more than 2 °C from 1901 to 2020. Climate change has resulted in increased frequency of droughts and heatwaves. Because significant portions of the Netherlands have been 14207: 186: 3250:

were killed in reprisal for attacks on German soldiers, and the countryside was plundered for food. Although there were thousands of Dutch who risked their lives by hiding Jews from the Germans, over 20,000 Dutch fascists

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Approximately 4.5 million of the 16.8 million people in the Netherlands are registered in one of the 35,000 sports clubs in the country. About two-thirds of the population between 15 and 75 participate in sports weekly.

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and thereby cut Holland in half. It dragged on from December 1572 to the next summer, when Haarlemers finally surrendered on 13 July upon the promise that the city would be spared from being sacked. It was a stipulation

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in 1996, the Dutch government recognises Dutch Low Saxon, Limburgish, Sinte Romani and Yiddish as regional or non-territorial minority languages. On 1 July 2021, Dutch Sign Language received the status of recognised

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people object to the United Kingdom being referred to as England. In particular, those from regions other than Holland find it undesirable or misrepresentative to use the term Holland for the whole country, as the

7166:, physically segregated from motorised traffic. Busy junctions are often equipped with bicycle-specific traffic lights. There are large bicycle parking facilities, particularly in city centres and train stations. 5644:, the United States dollar is used instead. The Netherlands is a "conduit country" that helps to funnel profits from high-tax countries to tax havens. It has been ranked as the 4th largest tax haven in the world. 1872:. Finds of rare bronze objects suggest that Drenthe was a trading centre in the Bronze Age (2000–800 BC). The Bell Beaker culture developed locally into the Barbed-Wire Beaker culture (2100–1800 BC) and later the 187: 5781:

of consumption. As a result, the Netherlands was running a biocapacity deficit of 4.0 global hectares per person in 2016. The Dutch waste more food than any other EU citizen, at over three times the EU average.

2594:" and Spanish soldiers. Bodies were displayed along roads to terrorise the population into submission. Alba boasted of having executed 18,600; this figure does not include those who perished by war and famine. 2550:. Amsterdam distributed grain to the major cities of Belgium, Northern France and England. This trade was vital because Holland could no longer produce enough grain to feed itself. Land drainage had caused the 1198:

With a population of over 17.9 million people, all living within a total area of 41,850 km (16,160 sq mi)—of which the land area is 33,500 km (12,900 sq mi)—the Netherlands is the

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In the 18th century the Dutch Republic had seen a state of a general decline, with economic competition from England and long-standing rivalries between the two main factions in Dutch society, the republican

1179:, which began in 1588, the Netherlands entered a unique era of political, economic, and cultural greatness, ranked among the most powerful and influential in Europe and the world; this period is known as the 5979:

in Europe. According to Dutch Central Statistics Bureau, in 2015, 28 per cent of the Dutch population had a spendable income above 45,000 euros (which does not include spending on health care or education).

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in a series of largely indecisive actions that tied down significant numbers of Spanish troops and bought time for the Dutch to reorganise their defences. The war continued until 1648, when Spain under King

2283:. Most of present-day Netherlands became part of Middle Francia, which was a weak kingdom and subject to numerous partitions and annexation attempts by its stronger neighbours. It comprised territories from 9102: 2385:

Around 1000 AD, due to several agricultural developments, the economy started to develop at a fast pace, and the higher productivity allowed workers to farm more land or become tradesmen. Towns grew around

7113:. Trains are frequent, with two trains per hour on lesser lines, two to four trains per hour on average, and up to eight trains an hour on the busiest lines. The Dutch national train network includes the 8321:

ranked the Netherlands as the country with the most nutritious, plentiful and healthy food. Modern culinary writers distinguish between three regional forms of Dutch cuisine: northeast, west and south:

2802:. These areas were primarily inhabited by Roman Catholics and lacked a distinct governmental structure of their own. They were utilized as a buffer zone between the Republic and the Spanish-controlled 2382:

were in a state of almost continual war or paradoxically formed personal unions. As Frankish settlement progressed from Flanders and Brabant, the area quickly became Old Low Franconian (or Old Dutch).

6959:) has 6 grades and prepares for studying at a research university. Universities offer a three-year bachelor's degree, followed by a one or two-year master's degree, which in turn can be followed by a 8713: 1203:

country, with a density of 535 people per square kilometre (1,390 people/sq mi). Nevertheless, it is the world's second-largest exporter of food and agricultural products by value, owing to its

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Lin, David; Hanscom, Laurel; Murthy, Adeline; Galli, Alessandro; Evans, Mikel; Neill, Evan; Mancini, Maria Serena; Martindill, Jon; Medouar, Fatime-Zahra; Huang, Shiyu; Wackernagel, Mathis (2018).

12827: 14398: 3817:, the Delta Works was constructed, which is a comprehensive set of civil works throughout the Dutch coast. The project started in 1958 and was largely completed in 1997 with the completion of the 13618: 9613: 5829: 5293:, Netherlands is the 18th most peaceful country in the world. Since World War II, the Netherlands has become a member of a large number of international organisations, most prominently the UN, 2621:, delegates from Catholic Brabant, Protestant Holland and Zeeland agreed to join Utrecht and William the Silent in driving out Spanish troops and forming a new government for the Netherlands. 19249: 4238:. Dutch politics and governance are characterised by an effort to achieve broad consensus on important issues. The Netherlands was ranked as the 17th best electoral democracy in the world by 6896:

A survey in December 2014 concluded that for the first time there were more atheists (25%) than theists (17%) in the Netherlands, while the remainder of the population was agnostic (31%) or

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Forms of Christianity have dominated religious life in what is now the Netherlands for more than 1,200 years, and by the middle of the sixteenth century the country was strongly Protestant (

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of the local population. A widening cultural divide grew with the Franks remaining in their original homeland in the north (i.e. the southern Netherlands and Flanders), who kept on speaking

15434: 7614:. These songs typically have a simple melody and rhythm, and a straightforward structure of verses and choruses. Themes can be light, but are often sentimental and include love, death and 14059: 12093: 16006: 14114: 3226:

The Netherlands remained neutral during World War I, in part because the import of goods through the Netherlands proved essential to German survival until the blockade by the British

3099:. However, King Louis Bonaparte tried to serve Dutch interests instead of his brother's, and he was forced to abdicate on 1 July 1810. The Emperor sent in an army and the Netherlands 11691:

de Haas, Tjalling; van der Valk, Lambertus; Cohen, Kim M.; Pierik, Harm Jan; Weisscher, Steven A. H.; Hijma, Marc P.; van der Spek, Ad J. F.; Kleinhans, Maarten G. (February 2019).

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and between the European continent and overseas. The Volkeraksluizen between Rotterdam and Antwerp are the biggest sluices for inland navigation in terms of tonnage. In 2007, the

5755:. However, the Netherlands remains heavily reliant on fossil fuels and has a concentration of energy- and emission-intensive industries that will not be easy to decarbonise. Its 1546:

and English. In some languages, Holland is used as the formal name for the Netherlands. However, Holland is a region within the Netherlands that consists of the two provinces of

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A Dutch saying indicating their sense of national pride in their reclamation of land from the sea and marshes is "God created the world, but the Dutch created the Netherlands."

7258:. Air transport is of vital significance for the Caribbean part of the Netherlands, with all islands having their own airport. This includes the shortest runway in the world on 5396:

The Netherlands has one of the oldest standing armies in Europe; it was first established in the late 1500s. After the defeat of Napoleon, the Dutch army was transformed into a

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began draining and cultivating uninhabited swampy land in the western Netherlands, making the emergence of the County of Holland as the centre of power possible. The title of

6678:). The population was predominantly Christian until the late 20th century. Although significant religious diversity remains, there has been a decline of religious adherence. 3683:

caused the collapse of several dikes in the southwest Netherlands; more than 1,800 people drowned. The Dutch government subsequently instituted a large-scale programme, the "

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forward. The ice sheet halted as it covered the eastern half of the Netherlands. After the ice age ended, the moraine remained in the form of a long hill-line. The cities of

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The European Netherlands has a total area of 41,543 km (16,040 sq mi), including water bodies, and a land area of 33,481 km (12,927 sq mi). The

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and subjected it to the worst pillage in the Netherlands' history. The citizens resisted but were overcome; seven thousand were killed and a thousand buildings were torched.

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between 1350 and 1490. The Cod faction consisted of the more progressive cities, while the Hook faction consisted of the conservative noblemen. These noblemen invited Duke

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Wat is het verschil tussen Holland en Nederland? Nederland bestaat uit de 12 provincies, maar veel mensen gebruiken ook het woord Holland als ze het over Nederland hebben.

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exports and strong investment. The pace of job growth reached 10-year highs in 2007. The Netherlands is the fourth-most competitive economy in the world, according to the

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region is more or less downstream and near the sea, compared to that of the upper region of Germania Superior. The designation 'Low' returned in the 10th-century Duchy of

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and hence historically created a cultural divide, as is evident in some phonetic traits that are recognisable on either side of what the Dutch call their "Great Rivers" (

14262: 12534: 6007: 3157:. The south gained independence in 1830 as Belgium (recognised by the Northern Netherlands in 1839 as the Kingdom of the Netherlands was created by decree), while the 16216: 9458: 7210:

fleet of the Netherlands is the largest in Europe. Passenger boats in the Netherlands includes a ferry network in Amsterdam, and waterbusses and taxis in Rotterdam.

1983:. Some scholars have speculated that even a third ethnic identity and language, neither Germanic nor Celtic, survived in the Netherlands until the Roman period, the 13773: 14161: 11655: 9106: 3885: 1200: 783: 13994: 7653:

enjoyed international success. From the 1980s, more and more pop musicians started working in the Dutch language, partly inspired by the huge success of the band

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Colin White & Laurie Boucke (1995). The UnDutchables: An observation of the Netherlands, its culture and its inhabitants (3rd Ed.). White-Boucke Publishing.

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The Governance of Smart Transportation Systems: Towards New Organizational Structures for the Development of Shared, Automated, Electric and Integrated Mobility

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TV exports from the Netherlands mostly take the form of specific formats and franchises, most notably was the internationally active TV production conglomerate

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chemicals, metallurgy, machinery, electrical goods, trade, services and tourism. Examples of international Dutch companies operating in the Netherlands include

2680:. Elizabeth I sympathised with the Dutch struggle and sent an army of 7,600 soldiers to aid them. English forces faced the Spanish in the Netherlands under the 18259: 15130: 13663: 13642: 10889: 9311: 8815: 15664: 15288: 14741: 2625:, the new Spanish governor, was forced to concede initially, but within months returned to active hostilities. The Dutch looked for help from the Protestant 7863:(ADE) is the world's leading electronic music conference and the biggest club festival for the many electronic subgenres on the planet. The Netherlands has 6756:. Several orthodox Calvinist and liberal churches did not merge into the PKN. Although Christianity has become a minority in the Netherlands, it contains a 17407: 15017: 13926: 10036:

Roebroeks, Wil; Sier, Mark J.; Nielsen, Trine Kellberg; Loecker, Dimitri De; Parés, Josep Maria; Arps, Charles E. S.; Mücher, Herman J. (7 February 2012).

8509:, literally translates into sausage bread) being the most popular. The alcoholic beverage of the region is beer, there are many local brands, ranging from 3825:

of Zeeland. New risk assessments occasionally show problems requiring additional Delta project dike reinforcements. The Delta project is considered by the

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Many economic historians regard the Netherlands as the first thoroughly capitalist country. In early modern Europe, it had the wealthiest trading city in

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The Age of Reason Begins: A History of European Civilization in the Period of Shakespeare, Bacon, Montaigne, Rembrandt, Galileo, and Descartes: 1558–1648

8603: 6499: 13628: 6947:(applied sciences) that award professional bachelor's degrees; similar to polytechnic degrees. An HBO degree gives access to the university system. The 2394:, and a mercantile middle class began to develop in these urban areas, especially in Flanders, and later Brabant. Wealthy cities started to buy certain 18591: 15408: 15123: 11078: 5976: 5532: 16103: 18586: 18040: 15341: 14395: 13598: 13554: 13292:

Cornell University, INSEAD, and WIPO (2018): The Global Innovation Index 2018: Energizing the World with Innovation. Ithaca, Fontainebleau and Geneva

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there, and their troops proved central to the alliance which halted French territorial expansion in Europe until a new cycle began in 1792 with the

2676:, the declaration of independence in which the provinces officially deposed Philip II. Against the rebels Philip could draw on the resources of the 16745: 14096: 8213: 7803:(EDM) gained widespread popularity in the world in many forms. Some of the world's best known dance music DJs hail from the Netherlands, including 5756: 3134: 3033: 2965:(Disaster Year) – the Dutch Republic was attacked by France, England and three German Bishoprics simultaneously, in what would become known as the 759: 13872: 9640: 3307:

and the European country all became countries within the Kingdom, on a basis of equality. Indonesia had declared its independence in August 1945.

2766:. All these duchies, lordships and counties enjoyed a significant degree of autonomy and was governed by its own administrative body known as the 2606:

was unable to honour, when his soldiers mutinied, angered over pay owed and the miserable conditions of the campaign. On 4 November 1576, Spanish

2221:

was a flourishing trading place. Between 600 and around 719 the cities were often fought over between the Frisians and the Franks. In 734, at the

19274: 18566: 18561: 16899: 12240: 8209: 7371:, the Dutch Republic was prosperous and witnessed a flourishing artistic movement. The "Dutch Masters", spanning this 17th century era, included 6854: 6000: 5523:

Since the 16th century, shipping, fishing, agriculture, trade, and banking have been leading sectors of the Dutch economy. The Netherlands has a

1310: 16143: 8400:

In the West, the abundance of water and flat grasslands, mean the area is known for its dairy products, which include prominent cheeses such as

8309:

reflecting the dietary needs of the labourers whose culture moulded the country. During the twentieth century this diet changed and became more

6498:

in West Frisian). West Frisian has a formal status for government correspondence in that province. Four other languages are protected under the

3998:

was designated a national park in 2002, making it the largest national park in the Netherlands at an area of 370 km (140 sq mi).

2603: 2587: 19039: 18890: 16874: 12084: 10461: 5257: 3902: 3260: 688: 14976: 14719: 9737: 2010:, who noted in c. 325 BC that in these regions, "more people died in the struggle against water than in the struggle against men." During the 16829: 16633: 16014: 14505: 14122: 8185: 6581:, 70% in German, and 29% in French. English is a mandatory course in all secondary schools. In most lower level secondary school educations ( 5599: 3198: 2649:

in which they committed to support each other against the Spanish. The Union of Utrecht is seen as the foundation of the modern Netherlands.

2340: 1937:

tribes from the North. By the time this migration was complete, around 250 BC, a few general cultural and linguistic groups had emerged. The

891: 14418: 11816: 8776: 8479:

in Belgium. It is renowned for its rich pastries, soups, stews and vegetable dishes. It is the only Dutch culinary region that developed an

2590:

attempted to suppress the Protestant movement in the Netherlands. Netherlanders were "burned, strangled, beheaded, or buried alive" by his "

19284: 19279: 18033: 17054: 16543: 5438: 5335:

still influence the foreign relations of the Netherlands. Many with heritage from these countries now live permanently in the Netherlands.

3268: 2163:, which by the ninth century had evolved into Old Low Franconian or Old Dutch. A Dutch-French language boundary hence came into existence. 946: 16391: 11938: 18954: 18533: 18501: 18223: 16117: 13176: 12799: 9369: 6783: 6577:

The Netherlands has a long tradition of learning foreign languages, formalised in Dutch education laws. Some 90% of the total population

4538: 4483: 1822:, were strongly linked to rivers and open water. Between 4800 and 4500 BC, the Swifterbant people started to adopt from the neighbouring 14680: 12164: 11305: 11266: 7300: 7178:

is the largest port in Europe and the largest port outside East Asia, with the rivers Meuse and Rhine providing excellent access to the

1604:

region only comprises two of the twelve provinces, and 38% of Dutch citizens. As of 2019, the Dutch government officially has preferred

18556: 18302: 18252: 16777: 15456: 13369: 10139: 9423: 7864: 5993: 3292: 3141:

added the southern Netherlands to the north to create a strong country on the northern border of France. William Frederick raised this

2155:. During this expansion, Franks migrating to the south (modern territory of France and Walloon part of Belgium) eventually adopted the 710: 325: 15083: 13835: 11901: 3153:

in exchange for his German possessions. However, the Southern Netherlands had been culturally separate from the north since 1581, and

2491: 17236: 17226: 16844: 15314: 10419: 6981: 6935: 6582: 5825: 3926: 3665:

affected the Netherlands and Germany, killing more than 50,000 people in one of the most destructive floods in recorded history. The

2143:

government in the area collapsed in roughly the year 406, the Franks expanded their territories into numerous kingdoms. By the 490s,

1282: 839: 14190: 13526: 13430: 13193: 11875: 9770: 2074:. The area to the north of the Rhine, inhabited by the Frisii, remained outside Roman rule, while the Germanic border tribes of the 18497: 17400: 15935: 8754: 7601: 7092: 6948: 6590: 1212: 14613: 14483: 13572: 12452:"Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity – Supplementary Material" 4269: 17701: 17266: 16772: 14031: 13803: 11384:

Library of Congress, 1992, "Indonesia: World War II and the Struggle For Independence, 1942–50; The Japanese Occupation, 1942–45"

3379: 335: 110: 17982:

within the vicinity of Europe are usually grouped with the continent even though they are not situated on its continental shelf.

15639: 15605: 15233: 13857: 13057: 7782:. Selling 18 million records, the two singers in the band are the most successful Dutch music artists to this day. Tracks like " 6122: 4183:

and the locally spoken English) consider them part of the Windward Islands, although in the international English language, the

18611: 16839: 14772:

Knippenberg, Hans "The Changing Religious Landscape of Europe" edited by Knippenberg published by Het Spinhuis, Amsterdam 2005

14270: 13693: 13226: 10276: 9281: 7226: 6862: 4380: 4368: 3830: 3239: 2050:

in 9 AD, with the Rhine becoming fixed as Rome's permanent northern frontier around 12 AD. Notable towns would arise along the

1314: 672: 11845: 9342: 8777:"Besluit van 24 juni 2021 tot vaststelling van het tijdstip van inwerkingtreding van de Wet erkenning Nederlandse Gebarentaal" 8668:. The Caribbean Netherlands still use +599 7 (for Bonaire), +599 3 (for Sint Eustatius), and +599 4 (for Saba). 6069: 5840:

in the Netherlands is 1.78 children per woman (2018 estimate), which is high compared with many other European countries, but

19117: 19107: 19097: 18245: 17125: 16374: 16343: 16325: 16269: 16071: 15202: 14852: 14777: 14588: 12904: 12733: 11787: 11606: 11292: 11161: 11088: 11007: 10982: 10952: 10872: 10656: 10513: 10486: 10431: 10397: 10294: 10168: 9822: 9669: 9623: 9596: 9515: 9188: 8217: 5703:

Natural gas concessions in the Netherlands. The Netherlands accounts for more than 25% of all natural gas reserves in the EU.

5524: 5430: 4187:

refer to other islands further south. These two islands are of volcanic origin and hilly, leaving little ground suitable for

2238: 1868:(2700–2100 BC) introduced metalwork in copper, gold and later bronze and opened new international trade routes, reflected in 18277: 12065: 10004: 9029: 6768:, in which Protestant beliefs remain strong. Several Christian religious holidays are national holidays (Christmas, Easter, 3544:('southern sea'). Just like the previous, this river forms a linguistic divide: people to the northeast of this river speak 18290: 16990: 16894: 16802: 16782: 14916: 13344: 11693:"Long-term evolution of the Old Rhine estuary: Unravelling effects of changing boundary conditions and inherited landscape" 9036: 7476: 6866: 6782:

is the second largest religion in the state. The Muslim population increased from the 1960 as a result of large numbers of

6749: 6729: 6728:. Protestantism in the Netherlands consists of a number of churches within various traditions. The largest of these is the 5360: 5282: 5253: 4404: 4084:

have a constituent country status within the wider Kingdom of the Netherlands. Another three territories which make up the

3894: 1271: 1060: 516: 16227: 15089:(Press release). Leidschendam, the Netherlands: SWOV – Dutch Institute for Road Safety Research. July 2013. Archived from 4432:

are consulted in policymaking in the financial, economic and social areas. They meet regularly with the government in the

3658:

Over the centuries, the Dutch coastline has changed considerably as a result of natural disasters and human intervention.

3346:

to leave the country after the war. The 1960s and 1970s were a time of great social and cultural change, such as rapid de-

2569:, which included most of present-day Belgium, Luxembourg, and parts of France and Germany. In 1568, under Phillip II, the 19259: 18639: 18314: 17393: 17158: 15529: 14554: 11666: 9957: 9586: 7110: 6940: 6705:

comprised 5.2% of the total population and followers of other Christian denominations and other religions (like Judaism,

6586: 4275: 4258: 3874: 3826: 3463: 2715: 2534:

heirs would rule the Low Countries from 1384 to 1581. The new rulers defended Dutch trading interests. The fleets of the

1172: 613: 14158: 13156: 11585:""Thinking, seeing, and doing like a kingdom: The making of Caribbean Netherlands statistics and the 'native Bonairian'" 9876: 19032: 18335: 18227: 18056: 17885: 17286: 17017: 16879: 16869: 16859: 16760: 15954: 15838: 14890: 14008: 12749: 11662: 8201: 8153: 8121: 5595: 4315: 3396: 3231: 2099:. Roman forces pacified the region but did not expel the Franks, who continued to be feared at least until the time of 1509:

in the late Middle Ages. From the mid-sixteenth century, the "Low Countries" and the "Netherlands" lost their original

872: 11961: 9708: 8334:, though dishes near the coastal regions include a large amount of fish. The various dried sausages, belonging to the 6885:) are based upon the Christian belief. Several Christian religious holidays are national holidays (Christmas, Easter, 6585:), one additional modern foreign language is mandatory during the first two years. In higher level secondary schools ( 4387:, are directly elected every four years as well. The members of the provincial assemblies elect the 75 members of the 357: 18571: 17168: 17163: 17059: 17049: 17034: 16940: 16889: 16884: 16750: 16351: 15806: 14623: 13270: 12933: 12856: 10362: 10122: 9998: 6051: 6035: 5868:

rate of 1.9 migrants per 1,000 inhabitants per year. The majority of the population of the Netherlands is ethnically

4552: 4511: 4360: 4331: 4299: 3864: 3637: 3514: 3324: 3142: 3037: 2883: 2771: 1286: 642: 622: 15503: 14292: 13094:"Indonesian political exiles in the Netherlands after 1965; Postcolonial nationalists in an era of transnationalism" 12135: 11557: 11030: 19200: 18629: 17328: 17044: 16864: 16849: 16824: 16695: 16536: 10893: 9319: 7327: 7151: 7076:

The Netherlands has one of the densest road networks in the world. The Netherlands has a relatively high uptake of

5656: 4033: 3851: 3788: 3633: 3332: 3150: 2681: 2453: 2395: 2083: 1370: 1294: 1093: 15861:"Godsdienstige veranderingen in Nederland, Verschuivingen in de binding met de kerken en de christelijke traditie" 15672: 15292: 14748: 13742:"Ecological Footprint Accounting for Countries: Updates and Results of the National Footprint Accounts, 2012–2018" 13093: 12649: 11562: 11526: 8934: 18947: 18911: 18704: 18526: 17950: 17311: 17281: 17194: 17135: 17064: 16995: 16985: 16955: 16945: 7660: 7633:) originated in the 1960s, heavily influenced by popular music from the United States and Britain. Bands such as 7565:. A predominant attitude in the Netherlands is to think of the nation as being "both tolerant and cosmopolitan." 7286: 5853: 5344: 4421: 3666: 2641:, the southern states of the Seventeen Provinces distanced themselves from the rebels in the north with the 1579 2026:

from 57 BC to 53 BC. Caesar describes two main Celtic tribes living in what is now the southern Netherlands: the

1302: 1255: 1161:

literally means "lower countries" in reference to its low elevation and flat topography, with 26% situated below

554: 132: 115: 15987: 15134: 14579:

Milis, L.J.R., "A Long Beginning: The Low Countries Through the Tenth Century" in J.C.H. Blom & E. Lamberts

14178: 13040: 9083:[Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands] (in Dutch). Government of the Netherlands. 17 November 2017 9000: 6713:) comprised the remaining 5.1%. A 2015 survey from another source found that Protestants outnumbered Catholics. 4447:, in which religious groups coexisted separately and only interacted at the level of government. Protection for 19269: 18576: 17276: 17007: 17000: 16960: 8205: 8189: 8125: 5892:, now constituting almost 10% of the population of these cities. Significant minorities in the country include 5602:. The Netherlands has low income inequality, but wealth inequality is relatively high. Despite ranking 11th in 5434: 5321: 4448: 4142: 3917:

were down 14% compared to 1990 levels. The goal of the Dutch government is to reduce emissions in 2030 by 49%.

3280: 3162: 2091:

Saxons from the east to move over the Rhine into Roman territory in the fourth century. From their new base in

2047: 1354: 1263: 820: 14367: 13718: 11332: 9849: 8909: 8074:. Endemol and its subsidiaries created and ran reality, talent, and game show franchises worldwide, including 6724:

have historically been strongly Catholic, and some residents consider the Catholic Church as a base for their

5852:

is high in the Netherlands: 84.3 years for newborn girls and 79.7 for boys (2020 estimate). The Dutch are the

2299:

as ruler of most of Frisia. When the kingdom of Middle Francia was partitioned in 855, the lands north of the

19025: 18581: 17241: 16980: 16975: 16950: 15868: 13456: 8643: 8012: 7907: 6976: 5815: 5688: 4479: 4323: 3170: 2997: 2710: 2562: 2460: 1722: 1259: 1071: 548: 528: 15412: 10499: 9480: 9473: 9254: 4530: 3687:", to protect the country against future flooding, which was completed over a period of more than 40 years. 2577:

ruler began. The level of ferocity exhibited by both sides can be gleaned from a Dutch chronicler's report:

19254: 17798: 17246: 17145: 17039: 17022: 16970: 16965: 16812: 16765: 16442: 16151: 15613: 15580: 14345: 14244: 12804: 11588: 8625:

The area of the Netherlands with overseas territories. Metropolitan Netherlands is 41,543 square kilometers

8568:

Amsterdam is the constitutional capital, while the government and the royal family are seated in The Hague.

7307: 7259: 7048: 6909: 6475:, which is spoken by the vast majority of inhabitants. The dialects most spoken in the Netherlands are the 6458: 6056: 6040: 5624:, is the world's oldest stock exchange and is one of Europe's largest bourses. As a founding member of the 5528: 4526: 4109: 3768:

in which four polders totalling 2,500 square kilometres (965 sq mi) were reclaimed from the sea.

3641: 3413: 3400:

upon the dissolution of the Netherlands Antilles. The special municipalities are collectively known as the

3252: 3146: 3130: 3000:, the Republic was at the centre of anti-French coalitions. The Dutch ultimately successfully defended the 2652: 2206: 1905: 1116: 1047: 1030: 504: 315: 35: 18363: 16194: 15349: 14868: 13558: 12625: 12116: 5724:

huge energy wealth impacted the competitiveness of other sectors of the economy, leading to the theory of

2941:. The inventiveness of the traders led to insurance and retirement funds as well as phenomena such as the 1968:

and inhabited the Low Countries south of the great rivers. These tribes would eventually develop into the

99: 17976:

Considered European for cultural, political and historical reasons but is geographically in Western Asia.

17291: 17231: 17204: 17120: 17029: 16930: 16918: 16797: 16755: 16740: 16628: 16529: 15259: 14323: 13670: 13649: 12633: 11623: 11202: 9347: 8978: 8888: 8197: 7953: 7918: 7548: 7463:(1525–1630) and classicism (1630–1700) is especially evident in the west. Other architectural styles are 7247: 7163: 7118: 6874: 6858: 6733: 6614: 5476: 5387: 4495: 4467: 4408: 4279: 4250: 4209: 4004:, the European Netherlands is shared between the Atlantic European and Central European provinces of the 3963: 3328: 3206: 3100: 2406: 2379: 2288: 1637: 1162: 607: 588: 566: 16423: 16173: 14523: 14100: 12997:

De openbare lichamen vallen rechtstreeks onder het Rijk omdat zij geen deel uitmaken van een provincie.

11146:

Napoleonic Governance in the Netherlands and Northwest Germany: Conquest, Incorporation, and Integration

10648:

Warfare and Armed Conflicts: A Statistical Encyclopedia of Casualty and Other Figures, 1492–2015, 4th ed

10555: 7455:

was used from about 1230. Gothic buildings had large windows, pointed arches and were richly decorated.

3950:

The Netherlands has 21 national parks and hundreds of other nature reserves. Most of these are owned by

3710:

To guard against floods, a series of defences against the water were contrived. In the first millennium

3304: 18940: 18519: 17347: 17301: 17182: 17153: 17130: 17083: 16571: 16563: 14396:

Netherlands: Declaration contained in the instrument of acceptance, deposited on 2 May 1996 – Or. Engl.

12266: 11383: 9644: 8546: 8161: 7944: 7468: 7460: 7271: 7218: 7146: 7140: 7130: 7016: 7005: 6578: 6555: 5791: 5790:, the Dutch government is imposing strict limits on the productivity of the farming sector, triggering 5506: 5215: 4475: 4383:. These are held every four years, or sooner in case the cabinet falls. The provincial assemblies, the 4352: 4327: 4319: 4013: 3775:. Not only is the rising sea a problem, but erratic weather patterns may cause the rivers to overflow. 3561: 3211: 3202: 3041: 2661: 1711: 1306: 1290: 1232: 1112: 510: 429: 270: 87: 31: 13796:"Factsheet Agri-food: Holland is a world-leading supplier of sustainable, healthy, agri-food products" 13304:"Wealth Inequality in the Netherlands, c. 1950–2015. The Paradox of a Northern European Welfare State" 11997:

Tol, Richard S. J.; van der Grijp, Nicolien; Olsthoorn, Alexander A.; van der Werff, Peter E. (2003).

11802: 11764:, International School for Humanities and Social Studies ISHSS, Universiteit van Amsterdam, 2000–2005. 4025: 1933:

The deteriorating climate in Scandinavia from 850 BC and 650 BC might have triggered the migration of

17209: 17105: 17069: 16584: 15917: 15890: 12984: 9541: 8272: 7903: 7411: 7403: 7290: 7251: 7066: 5845: 5841: 5313: 5101: 4563: 4542: 4261:. Constitutionally, the position is equipped with limited powers due to ministerial responsibility. 3906: 3898: 3731: 3723: 3264: 3068: 3009: 2851: 2850:

grew to become one of the major seafaring and economic powers. Science, military and art (especially

2638: 2519: 2304: 2226: 17: 14977:"Toward Higher-Performance Health Systems: Adults' Health Care Experiences In Seven Countries, 2007" 14790: 11228: 10781:

The Age of Wars of Religion, 1000–1650: An Encyclopedia of Global Warfare and Civilization, Volume 1

10458: 7626:

are a staple of levenslied music, though in recent years many artists use synthesisers and guitars.

7320: 4443:. In the late 19th century this Dutch tradition of religious tolerance transformed into a system of 3720:. Later, these terps were connected by dikes. In the 12th century, local government agencies called 17296: 17261: 17256: 14980: 14697: 11830:"Netherlands : Fugros Ground Investigation Links Dutch Subsidence to Former Peat Extraction". 8616:

Includes residents who were born in the Netherlands and whose parents were born in the Netherlands.

8103: 7964: 7597: 7364: 7312: 6882: 6757: 6659: 5873: 5617: 3740:

had come into use to pump water. The windmills were later used to drain lakes, creating the famous

3698:

The impact of disasters was, to an extent, increased through human activity. Relatively high-lying

3123: 3119: 2859: 2855: 2719: 2527: 1957: 1850: 1342: 1330: 1188: 1184: 560: 498: 16256:

The Pastry Chef's Companion: A Comprehensive Resource Guide for the Baking and Pastry Professional

14502: 13252: 11629:(in Dutch). Government of the Netherlands, Department of Publication and Information. p. 14. 10161:

Background to beakers : inquiries in regional cultural backgrounds to the Bell Beaker complex

8483:. Pastries are abundant, often with rich fillings of cream, custard or fruits. Cakes, such as the 8338:-family of Dutch sausages are found throughout this region. Smoked sausages are common, of which ( 6861:

or people strongly attracted to this religion, mainly ethnic Dutch people. There are about 30,000

4042:

is a problem. The number of flying insects in the Netherlands has dropped by 75% since the 1990s.

2854:) were among the most acclaimed in the world. By 1650, the Dutch owned 16,000 merchant ships. The 2782:

was part of the republic, albeit not considered a province in its own right. Moreover, during the

17316: 16597: 14429: 14310: 13826: 10613: 8268: 8076: 7868: 7562: 7510: 7459:

originated with the rise of the Duchy of Brabant and spread throughout the Burgundian provinces.

7448: 7433: 7255: 6986: 5932:

half the young people in Amsterdam and Rotterdam have a non-western background. Dutch people, or

5536: 4433: 4239: 4227: 3814: 3680: 3651: 3524:, its main tributary branch, and the Meuse. These rivers functioned as a natural barrier between 3458:, and some low hill ranges in the central parts. Most of the areas below sea level are caused by 2923: 2778:

and comprised representatives from each of the seven provinces. The sparsely populated region of

2324: 2075: 1979:(c. 450 BC to the Roman conquest) expanded over a wide range, including the southern area of the 1699: 1239: 924: 797: 594: 104: 15736:"Holland as other place and other time: alterity in projected tourist images of the Netherlands" 12424: 11552: 11141: 9929: 8884: 8655:

CET and CEST are used in the European Netherlands, and AST is used in the Caribbean Netherlands.

5663:

The Dutch location gives it prime access to markets in the United Kingdom and Germany, with the

4289: 2042:

would conquer the entirety of the modern day Netherlands, incorporating it into the province of

1464:. Thus, in the case of the Low Countries and the Netherlands, the geographical location of this 19264: 18649: 18269: 17471: 17012: 16685: 16462: 13980: 13955: 12835: 11026: 9373: 8941: 8913: 8021: 7800: 7646: 7195: 7159: 7099: 6811: 6799: 6682: 6021: 5787: 5736: 5548: 5466: 5456: 5367: 4548: 4429: 4413: 4311: 4088:

are designated as special municipalities. The Caribbean Netherlands have maritime borders with

4021: 3350:. Students and other youth rejected traditional mores and pushed for change in matters such as 3300: 3118:. Light green: territories administered by or originating from territories administered by the 3058: 2981: 2891: 2755: 2479: 2430: 1926:

travelled from settlement to settlement with bronze and iron, fabricating tools on demand. The

1823: 1766: 1672: 847: 791: 18237: 16261: 16121: 16062: 13173: 11450: 10972: 10942: 10794: 10739: 10437: 6943:

has 5 grades and allows for admission to the HBO. The HBO (higher professional education) are

2809: 19289: 18921: 17954: 17817: 17788: 17100: 16466: 13079: 11309: 11056: 10862: 9901: 9536: 8686: 8639: 8472: 8256: 7860: 7222: 6944: 6745: 6721: 6602: 6541: 6487: 5936:, are found in migrant communities worldwide, notably in South Africa and the United States. 5641: 5494: 5095: 4818: 4214: 4101: 4085: 4063: 3427: 3401: 3276: 3076: 2970: 2946: 2863: 2747: 2743: 1152: 1140: 1104: 993: 419: 236: 50: 16253: 10916: 9431: 7606:

The Netherlands has multiple music traditions. Traditional Dutch music is a genre known as "

5824:

The Netherlands had an estimated population of 17,947,406 as of 31 November 2023. It is the

5610:

ranked the Netherlands 1st in child well-being in rich countries, both in 2007 and in 2013.

3342:

Government-encouraged emigration efforts to reduce population density prompted some 500,000

2464: 1702:. Gradually its meaning shifted to the West Germanic people they had the most contact with. 1250:(separation of citizens into groups by religion and political beliefs) and a long record of 19239: 19048: 17356: 16792: 16710: 16690: 15747: 15716: 15090: 14003: 13401: 13376: 12569: 12463: 12013: 11998: 11905: 11704: 10420:"The early-medieval use of ethnic names from classical antiquity: The case of the Frisians" 10049: 8665: 8280: 8236: 8228: 8224: 8137: 7688: 7399: 7024: 6850: 6690: 6288: 6079: 5778: 5684: 5531:(2nd in 2016), and was ranked the fifth most competitive economy in the world by the Swiss 5309: 4784: 4459: 4455: 4454:

No single party has held a majority in parliament since the 19th century, and as a result,

4388: 4235: 4231: 3959: 3662: 3375: 3363: 3320: 2974: 2803: 2783: 2570: 2505: 2501: 2434: 2087: 1831: 1567: 1484: 1016: 657: 211: 18326: 16293: 15039: 13681: 13530: 13434: 9796: 9395: 7135: 4024:. In 1871, the last old original natural woods were cut down. These woods were planted on 3180:

in the Dutch East Indies brought the Netherlands to the brink of bankruptcy. However, the

3133:, son of the last stadtholder, returned to the Netherlands in 1813 and proclaimed himself 2546:

grew and in the 15th century became the primary trading port in Europe for grain from the

2197:. Frisian was spoken along the entire southern North Sea coast. By the seventh century, a 1819: 8: 18719: 18415: 18136: 17910: 17743: 17541: 17321: 16935: 16854: 16725: 16705: 16700: 13482: 13197: 13014: 12723: 12556:

Biasutti, Michela; Sobel, Adam H.; Camargo, Suzana J.; Creyts, Timothy T. (1 June 2012).

11879: 9399: 9180: 8433: 8248: 8240: 7452: 6467:

Knowledge of foreign languages in the Netherlands, among population 15 and older, in 2006

6367: 5752: 5748: 5743:, energy demand shows signs of decoupling from economic growth. The share of energy from 5740: 5712: 5668: 5262: 5056: 4858: 4586: 4582: 4463: 4334:, who often is the leader of the largest party of the coalition. The Prime Minister is a 4005: 3983: 3605: 3435: 3431: 3272: 3084: 3001: 2779: 2759: 2751: 2622: 2591: 2566: 2438: 2345: 2230: 2222: 2210: 1854: 1842:. There was a quick transition from the Funnelbeaker farming culture to the pan-European 1815: 1796: 1358: 1267: 1100: 679: 452: 280: 42: 17889: 15751: 15372: 14962: 14521: 13504: 12573: 12467: 12321: 12017: 11708: 11475: 10607: 10053: 8397:, a rich and creamy liqueur made from eggs, sugar and brandy, is native to this region. 6922: 6841:, with around 215,000 adherents (slightly over 1% of the population). Most of these are 5628:, the Netherlands replaced (for accounting purposes) its former currency, the "gulden" ( 5535:

in 2017. The country was ranked the 7th most innovative nation in the world in the 2023

5320:. One of the more controversial international issues surrounding the Netherlands is its 4462:, the Dutch political system has been dominated by three families of political parties: 4199:. This is the highest point in the country and in the entire Kingdom of the Netherlands. 4097: 2690: 297: 19004: 17809: 17385: 17361: 16735: 16658: 16518:– Organisation responsible for promoting the Netherlands nationally and internationally 16178: 15765: 15208: 14662: 13576: 13138: 12958: 12704: 12696: 12593: 12492: 12451: 12401: 12366: 12045: 11733: 11692: 11402: 10080: 10037: 9504: 8538: 8165: 7856: 7783: 7664: 7494: 7384: 7009: 6956: 6927: 6890: 6773: 6725: 6476: 6304: 6220: 5972: 5911: 5486: 5401: 5290: 5016: 4344:

has been Prime Minister since July 2024, succeeding the longest-serving Prime Minister

4336: 4039: 3793: 3690: 3454:

in the far southeast, up to a height of no more than 322 m (1,056 ft) at the

3243: 3181: 3154: 3138: 3092: 3088: 3048: 3029: 2993: 2938: 2815: 2791: 2686: 2497: 2402: 2367: 2268: 1938: 1785: 1559: 1433: 1003: 18025: 16104:"Banijay Group's $ 2.2BN Endemol Shine Group Takeover Approved By European Commission" 14459:

Wat is het aanbod aan vreemde talen in de onderbouw van het voortgezet onderwijs (vo)?

12221: 11501: 11362: 7031:

Zorgverzekeringswet (ZVW), often called "basic insurance", covers common medical care.

6463: 5640:

followed on 1 January 2002. One euro was equivalent to 2.20371 Dutch guilders. In the

3263:, the only legal political party in the occupied Netherlands. On 8 December 1941, the 1976: 19160: 18916: 18694: 18596: 18542: 18008: 17516: 16730: 16680: 16662: 16370: 16363:

De Veertigjarige Oorlog 1672–1712: de strijd van de Nederlanders tegen de Zonnekoning

16347: 16321: 16275: 16265: 16254: 16067: 15834: 15812: 15802: 15769: 15212: 15198: 14848: 14773: 14666: 14619: 14584: 14036: 13999: 13325: 13266: 13142: 12729: 12708: 12688: 12585: 12516: 12497: 12479: 12406: 12388: 12173: 12037: 11967: 11783: 11738: 11720: 11630: 11602: 11584: 11396: 11288: 11177: 11157: 11084: 11003: 10978: 10948: 10868: 10652: 10509: 10482: 10427: 10393: 10368: 10358: 10273: 10164: 10085: 10067: 9994: 9619: 9592: 9511: 9184: 9154: 8787: 8071: 8041: 8033: 8029: 7976: 7928: 7700: 7554: 7456: 7420:

is the most translated book from Dutch. Other important 20th century authors include

7243: 7207: 7203: 7175: 7121:

and the Belgian border for trains running from Paris and London, to the Netherlands.

6952: 6831: 5877: 5732: 5716: 5664: 5516: 5511: 5383: 5317: 4487: 4384: 4123: 3575: 3443: 3439: 3351: 3104: 3072: 3064: 3025: 2985: 2903: 2820: 2767: 2739: 2735: 2673: 2630: 2535: 2531: 2515: 2414: 2363: 2359: 2354: 2328: 2316: 2312: 2296: 2252: 2194: 2071: 1927: 1922:. Iron ore brought a measure of prosperity and was available throughout the country. 1919: 1915: 1881: 1869: 1793: 1774: 1761:) traces in the Netherlands, believed to be about 250,000 years old, were found near 1555: 1517: 1476: 1461: 1457: 1449: 1318: 1298: 1278: 1208: 1132: 410: 287: 15189:. The Urban Book Series. Cham: Springer International Publishing. pp. 125–145. 12772:"Verkiezingsuitslag definitief: D66 grijpt net naast tiende zetel, PVV blijft op 37" 10836: 10754: 10529: 9080: 5842:

below the rate of 2.1 children per woman required for natural population replacement

3295:

reformed the political structure as a result of international pressure to carry out

3246:; only a few survived. Dutch workers were conscripted for forced labour in Germany, 2672:

in 1579, killing over 10,000 civilians. In 1581, the northern provinces adopted the

2424: 19244: 19170: 19165: 17946: 17251: 16720: 16671: 16606: 16579: 16428: 15755: 15315:"NS to up frequency of Amsterdam to Eindhoven trains to six an hour – DutchNews.nl" 15190: 14652: 13951: 13753: 13315: 13258: 13128: 13120: 12680: 12597: 12577: 12487: 12471: 12396: 12378: 12049: 12029: 12021: 11933: 11853: 11728: 11712: 11594: 11149: 11038: 10968: 10696:

Beggars, Iconoclasts, and Civic Patriots: The Political Culture of the Dutch Revolt

10123:

Trijntje van de Betuweroute, Jachtkampen uit de Steentijd te Hardinxveld-Giessendam

10075: 10057: 9984: 9144: 8841: 8577:

Apart from Dutch, English is an official language in the special municipalities of

8331: 8310: 8173: 8117: 8064: 8016: 7879: 7848: 7804: 7388: 7376: 7368: 7360: 7332: 7077: 6594: 5744: 5544: 4790: 4471: 4184: 4146: 3247: 3013: 2966: 2843: 2799: 2795: 2787: 2646: 2539: 2410: 2375: 2167: 2148: 2122: 2100: 2051: 2043: 1934: 1901: 1827: 1691: 1630:

to refer to the Dutch in the Netherlands, and by the Southern Dutch (Dutch living "

1571: 1180: 899: 46: 15409:"European Cyclists' Federation – The first EU wide ECF Cycling Barometer launched" 14144: 9673: 9229: 8049: 7786:" are still popular themes of U.S. sports events. In the mid-1990s Dutch language 6869:

estimates range from 30,000 to 63,000, depending on how the number is calculated.

2147:

had conquered and united all these territories in the southern Netherlands in one

19008: 18774: 18001: 17914: 17722: 17601: 17428: 16904: 16787: 16666: 16638: 16484: 16414: 16404: 16335: 14509: 14490: 14402: 14165: 13623: 13599:"The Netherlands's Effort to Phase Out and Rationalise its Fossil-Fuel Subsidies" 13370:"Child Poverty in Perspective: An overview of child well-being in rich countries" 13180: 13124: 12774:[Final election results: D66 barely misses tenth seat, PVV stays at 37]. 12203: 12069: 12062: 11284: 10944:

Finance and Society in 21st Century China: Chinese Culture Versus Western Markets

10646: 10580: 10465: 10387: 10280: 10146: 9988: 8417: 8082: 8067: 8000: 7764: 7728: 7712: 7672: 7536: 6960: 6842: 6807: 6549: 6503: 5975:. The Randstad has a population of about 8.2 million inhabitants and is the 5865: 5849: 5094:

The administrative structure on the three BES islands, collectively known as the

4376: 4243: 4168: 4069: 3987: 3951: 3765: 3545: 3520:

The European Netherlands is divided into north and south parts by the Rhine, the

3355: 3235: 3219: 3096: 2618: 2418: 2198: 2126: 2096: 1930:(700 BC) was found in a burial mound, the largest of its kind in Western Europe. 1911: 1893: 1811: 1777: 1596: 522: 447: 265: 140: 15972: 15554: 15236:[A quarter of the recharging stations in the EU is in the Netherlands]. 15194: 15160:"Road density (km of road per 100 sq. km of land area) | Data | Table" 12882: 11153: 9990:

The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World

9531: 5880:, and 8.1% others. Some 150,000 to 200,000 people living in the Netherlands are 5872:. In 2022, the population was 74.8% ethnically Dutch, 8.3% other European, 2.4% 3430:

has a total area of 328 km (127 sq mi) It lies between latitudes

3319:. In the 1950s, the Netherlands became one of the six founding countries of the 3238:

forced most of the Dutch army to surrender. During the occupation, over 100,000

2988:

would regularly clash with France in what some historians have come to call the

19155: 18906: 18844: 18669: 18601: 18375: 18096: 18060: 17979: 17676: 17491: 16715: 16653: 16648: 16453: 14228: 12475: 11598: 11424: 9204: 9173: 8706: 8698: 8682: 8582: 8476: 8445: 8401: 8314: 8297: 8260: 8232: 8181: 8157: 7970: 7913: 7744: 7740: 7638: 7506: 7490: 7437: 7238: 7183: 6878: 6563: 6472: 6265: 6132: 5968: 5933: 5837: 5761: 5715:, whose discovery in 1959 transformed the Dutch economy, is one of the largest 5707: 5676: 5672: 5637: 5603: 5426: 5301: 5209: 5022: 4522: 4499: 4180: 4176: 4160: 4055: 4009: 4001: 3910: 3890: 3878: 3870: 3837: 3818: 3772: 3387: 3336: 3296: 3158: 3005: 2958: 2926:, the empire received 50% of textiles and 80% of silks import from the India's 2871: 2723: 2706: 2677: 2642: 2574: 2523: 2371: 2276: 2214: 2174: 2067: 2063: 1865: 1632: 1627: 1563: 1543: 1520:, the term "Low Countries" is officially used as the name for the Netherlands. 1469: 1322: 1235:, though the primary national political institutions are located in the Hague. 1204: 1176: 1136: 402: 254: 170: 76: 16084: 15760: 15735: 15182: 12700: 12668: 12581: 12114: 11999:"Adapting to Climate: A Case Study on Riverine Flood Risks in the Netherlands" 10627: 8467:

The Southern Dutch cuisine consists of the cuisines of the Dutch provinces of

7756: 7034:

Algemene Wet Bijzondere Ziektekosten (AWBZ) covers long-term nursing and care.

4451:

and abortion rights are enshrined within the Netherlands' foreign aid policy.

3966:, a private organisation that buys, protects and manages nature reserves. The 3931: 19233: 19215: 19202: 18885: 18734: 18297: 18013: 17761: 17727: 17561: 17214: 16619: 16457: 16399: 16279: 15183:"A Comparison of Policy Measures Promoting Electric Vehicles in 20 Countries" 14657: 14640: 13758: 13741: 13329: 12692: 12589: 12483: 12392: 12177: 11971: 11724: 11634: 11229:"Belgium – Industrial Revolution, Belgian Revolution, and Unionist Coalition" 10071: 8791: 8635: 8578: 8511: 8480: 8468: 8425: 8409: 8405: 8292: 8037: 8004: 7992: 7887: 7875: 7824: 7816: 7792: 7787: 7716: 7634: 7514: 7421: 7392: 7191: 7187: 6717: 6686: 6559: 6537: 6390: 6372: 6338: 6322: 6270: 6254: 6202: 6186: 6152: 6097: 5964: 5952: 5725: 5629: 5568: 5377: 5286: 5178: 4975: 4893: 4852: 4578: 4491: 4444: 4322:. The cabinet usually consists of 13 to 16 ministers and a varying number of 4254: 4196: 4192: 4156: 4128: 4059: 3802: 3391: 3347: 3080: 2942: 2927: 2911: 2875: 2763: 2727: 2629:

of England, but she initially stood by her commitments to the Spanish in the

2547: 2092: 2023: 1984: 1980: 1969: 1945: 1789: 1576: 1551: 1547: 1539: 1535: 1502: 1381: 1346: 1275: 1247: 1243: 1036: 999: 731: 372: 359: 17372: 15816: 15018:"Zorgrekeningen; uitgaven (in lopende en constante prijzen) en financiering" 14201: 12557: 12383: 12025: 10372: 10062: 7891: 3877:

or otherwise are very near sea level, the Netherlands is very vulnerable to

30:

This article is about the constituent country. For the sovereign state, see

19175: 19139: 19113: 17766: 17732: 17681: 17271: 17115: 12558:"Projected changes in the physical climate of the Gulf Coast and Caribbean" 12501: 12410: 12041: 11975: 11742: 10320:

Ethnic Identity and Imperial Power: The Batavians in the Early Roman Empire

10089: 9158: 8517: 8453: 8252: 8169: 8141: 8113: 8045: 7828: 7748: 7708: 7676: 7650: 7623: 7502: 7429: 7234: 6795: 5928: 5869: 5857: 5819: 5667:

being the largest port in Europe. Other important parts of the economy are

5584: 5397: 5267: 4356: 4105: 4081: 3979: 3939: 3669:

of 1421 and the mismanagement in its aftermath destroyed a newly reclaimed

3586: 3521: 3418: 3343: 3115: 2867: 2847: 2657: 2582:

come and fasten their teeth in it, which many did with savage satisfaction.

2320: 2280: 2272: 2271:

controlled much of Western Europe. In 843, it was divided into three parts—

2186: 2160: 2156: 2140: 2039: 2019: 1592: 1453: 1192: 581: 489: 477: 462: 231: 18211: 12860: 9452: 8677:.nl is the common internet top-level domain name for the Netherlands. The 8634:

The euro is used in the European part of the Netherlands and replaced the

7886:

is a Dutch conductor, organist and harpsichordist. Notable violinists are

7796:) came to fruition and has become popular in the Netherlands and Belgium. 7447:

Various architectural styles can be distinguished in the Netherlands. The

7004:

In 2016, the Netherlands maintained its position at the top of the annual

6993: 5400:

army. The Netherlands abandoned its neutrality in 1948 when it signed the

2827: 2248: 41:"Nederland" redirects here. For the communities in the United States, see 18829: 17844: 17661: 16834: 16601: 16318:

The Road to Utrecht in Britain, Spain and the Treaty of Utrecht 1713–2013

15796: 14993:

J.M. Boot, 'De Nederlandse Gezondheidszorg', Bohn Stafleu van Loghum 2011

14522:

Ministerie van Binnenlandse Zaken en Koninkrijksrelaties (14 July 2020).

10352: 10026:

M. Philippa e.a. (2003–2009) Etymologisch Woordenboek van het Nederlands

8506: 8495: 8449: 8370: 8327: 8244: 8177: 8108: 8087: 8008: 7988: 7883: 7844: 7840: 7820: 7779: 7771: 7571: 7464: 7441: 7425: 7349: 7199: 6827: 6698: 6629: 5947:

located in the west of the country and contains the four largest cities:

5944: 5901: 5773: 5444:

The military is composed of four branches, all of which carry the prefix

5433:. The Netherlands has ratified many international conventions concerning 5414: 5305: 5106:. In the Netherlands these administrative units are often referred to as 4503: 4392: 4372: 4364: 4341: 4295: 4188: 4172: 4164: 3935: 3798: 3784: 3746: 3684: 3579: 3567: 3510: 3455: 3359: 3054: 2950: 2899: 2879: 2645:. Opposing them, the northern half of the Seventeen Provinces forged the 2626: 2387: 2308: 2166:

To the north of the Franks, climatic conditions improved, and during the

2079: 2011: 1877: 1873: 1846: 1843: 1800: 1758: 1542:

of the modern country of the Netherlands in various languages, including

1497:

in contemporary Dutch official documents. From a regional point of view,

666: 651: 628: 18994: 14032:"Did natural selection make the Dutch the tallest people on the planet?" 13262: 9563: 9058: 7584:

somewhat ambiguous stance the Dutch have towards hierarchy and status."

6830:. Since 2000 there has been raised awareness of religion, mainly due to 6536:

is recognised as a regional language. It consists of Dutch varieties of

6490:

is recognised as a second official language in the northern province of

3126:. In yellow are the territories occupied later, during the 19th century. 2689:

recognised the independence of the seven north-western provinces in the

19017: 18984: 18799: 18764: 18744: 18435: 18156: 17631: 17591: 17571: 17551: 17456: 17219: 16521: 15506:[The Netherlands has largest inland shipping fleet of Europe]. 15260:"Making the transition to zero-emission mobility: 2019 progress report" 15065: 13871:

Ministerie van Landbouw, Natuur en Voedselkwaliteit (17 January 2020).

13183:. Korpscommandotroepen.nl (14 April 2010). Retrieved on 21 August 2012. 12339: 8441: 8429: 8421: 8413: 8366: 7836: 7752: 7736: 7615: 7607: 7576: 7518: 7417: 7202:, a new fast freight railway from Rotterdam to Germany, was completed. 7179: 7070: 6998: 6765: 6649: 6567: 6533: 6511: 6435: 6424: 6406: 6299: 6236: 6168: 6113: 5881: 5633: 5418: 5408:

in 1949. The Dutch military was therefore part of the NATO strength in

5184: 5153: 4934: 4824: 4743: 4715: 4507: 4440: 4345: 3971: 3967: 3943: 3757: 3646: 3608:, which ended approximately ten thousand years ago. As the continental 3537: 3371: 3227: 2835: 2669: 2234: 1961: 1941: 1923: 1762: 1676: 1649: 1389: 1251: 1148: 1026: 989: 457: 424: 19103: 15798:

A Short History of the Netherlands: From Prehistory to the Present Day

14477: 14145:"Netherlands - World Directory of Minorities & Indigenous Peoples" 13320: 13133: 12802:[Ministers and state secretaries of Schoof cabinet sworn in]. 12650:"The House of Representatives and Senate – Parliament – Government.nl" 12626:"Democracy Index 2022: Frontline democracy and the battle for Ukraine" 12367:"An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm" 12033: 11996: 10354:

A Short History of the Netherlands: From Prehistory to the Present Day

9615:

The New Cambridge Modern History: Volume 2, The Reformation, 1520–1559

9588:

The Promised Lands: The Low Countries Under Burgundian Rule, 1369–1530

9398:[Constitution for the Kingdom of the Netherlands] (in Dutch). 8499:

from Brabant, are typical pastries. Savoury pastries abound, with the

4093: 4073: 4036:

mean score of 0.6/10, ranking it 169th globally out of 172 countries.

19180: 19134: 18739: 18430: 18151: 17973:

Spans the conventional boundary between Europe and another continent.

17794: 17566: 17306: 17199: 17095: 16038:"Famke Janssen; Transformations As a Way of Life, Not Just on Screen" 15020:(in Dutch). Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek: StatLine. 20 May 2010 10505: 9641:"De Opstand in de Nederlanden 1555–1609;De landen van herwaarts over" 8590: 8374: 8344: 8264: 8129: 7996: 7775: 7732: 7619: 7558: 7480: 7407: 7380: 7372: 7359:

The Netherlands has had many well-known painters. In the Middle Ages

7282: 6886: 6846: 6803: 6769: 6737: 6689:. Groups that represent the non-religious in the Netherlands include 6675: 6491: 6480: 6440: 6356: 6283: 6249: 6181: 6147: 6127: 6108: 6092: 6084: 6074: 5960: 5956: 5948: 5916: 5889: 5885: 5613: 5576: 5572: 5556: 5328: 5275: 4988: 4981: 4906: 4865: 4709: 4668: 4424:, symbolizing the Dutch political culture and tradition of tolerance. 4417: 4219: 4150: 4113: 4017: 3752: 3675: 3609: 3549: 3541: 3506: 3451: 3311:

followed in 1975. The Netherlands was one of the founding members of

3215: 3166: 2954: 2934: 2907: 2831: 2775: 2558:

to reduce to a level that was too low for drainage to be maintained.

2543: 2292: 2260: 2202: 2110: 2105: 1858: 1680: 1224: 1220: 1216: 1144: 1128: 1108: 981: 392: 351: 162: 18511: 16367:

The 40 Years' War 1672–1712: the Dutch struggle against the Sun King

15390: 13914: 13912: 13303: 12612: 11716: 9149: 9132: 9001:"Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income – EU-SILC survey" 8971:"World Economic Outlook Database, April 2024 Edition. (Netherlands)" 8860:"Waaruit bestaat het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden? – Rijksoverheid.nl" 8726:

Only 11 stations are served less than twice an hour during weekdays.

8585:, Papiamentu is an official language in the special municipality of 7916:– have received international distribution and recognition, such as 7808: 7539:

have grown to symbolize the Netherlands, especially among tourists.

6845:. There are sizeable populations of Hindu immigrants from India and 5489:(Military Police), tasks include military police and border control. 5098:, is outside the twelve provinces. These islands have the status of 3702:

was drained to be used as farmland. The drainage caused the fertile

3470:

areas are preserved through elaborate drainage systems that include

2185:

settled the coast. Many moved on to England and came to be known as

1887: 19077: 19066: 18865: 18814: 18809: 18789: 18654: 18470: 18465: 18455: 18353: 18191: 18186: 18176: 18081: 17986: 17936: 17906: 17827: 17822: 17712: 17646: 17641: 17616: 17476: 17110: 16675: 16624: 16615: 16491: 16432: 15936:"The international Dance industry assembles in Amsterdam next week" 15895: 15608:[Almost 64 million—Schiphol never saw so many passengers]. 13108: 13082:. Central Intelligence Agency. 6 December 2023 – via CIA.gov. 12684: 12204:"Netherlands climate change: Court orders bigger cuts in emissions" 11527:"The Netherlands: EU member state – European Union – Government.nl" 11425:"Sukarno | Indonesian Nationalist & 1st President of Indonesia" 11340: 11142:"Introduction: Napoleonic Governance and the Integration of Europe" 9282:"Cutting-edge tech made this tiny country a major exporter of food" 9008: 8749: 8747: 8745: 8743: 8393: 8350: 8335: 7938: 7855:; the first four of which have been ranked as best in the world by 7852: 7812: 7654: 7630: 7524: 7472: 7410:

wrote about the poor treatment of the natives in the Dutch colony.

7342: 7114: 6838: 6741: 6710: 6706: 6694: 6639: 6419: 6333: 6231: 5940: 5924: 5893: 5802: 5798: 5652: 5621: 5564: 5560: 5409: 5332: 4947: 4756: 4674: 4153:

coast. The Leeward Antilles have a mixed volcanic and coral origin.

4089: 3955: 3737: 3621: 3308: 3186: 3177: 2962: 2895: 2634: 2565:, all fiefs in the current Netherlands region were united into the 2242: 2218: 2190: 2144: 2131: 2059: 2055: 2035: 2031: 2003: 1781: 1393: 1326: 970: 963: 17881: 16515: 16063:

Webcasting Worldwide: Business Models of an Emerging Global Medium

15955:"God of shock: the weird and challenging career of Paul Verhoeven" 15694: 15122:

Waard, Jan van der; Jorritsma, Peter; Immers, Ben (October 2012).

12136:"EEA greenhouse gases — data viewer — European Environment Agency" 11267:"Dutch involvement in the transatlantic slave trade and abolition" 7012:

of the United States, Australia, Canada, Germany and New Zealand.

3771:

The Netherlands is one of the countries that may suffer most from

2522:

fiefs in what is now the Netherlands and Belgium were united in a

2331:, who assumed lordship in Frisia, and Viking rule came to an end. 19062: 18974: 18963: 18839: 18794: 18754: 18714: 18709: 18699: 18684: 18679: 18674: 18659: 18644: 18634: 18624: 18619: 18460: 18410: 18400: 18390: 18385: 18380: 18358: 18348: 18343: 18285: 18181: 18131: 18121: 18111: 18106: 18101: 18086: 18076: 18071: 17931: 17671: 17621: 17581: 17536: 17531: 17521: 17506: 17501: 17496: 17481: 17466: 17461: 17451: 17446: 17441: 17436: 16643: 16593: 16195:"Netherlands is country with most plentiful, healthy food: Oxfam" 15124:

New Drivers in Mobility: What Moves the Dutch in 2012 and Beyond?

14681:"Kerkelijke gezindte en kerkbezoek; vanaf 1849; 18 jaar of ouder" 14555:"What are the major religions? – The Netherlands in numbers 2021" 14159:

6.5% of the EU population are foreigners and 9.4% are born abroad

13909: 13619:"The Dutch curse: how billions from natural gas went up in smoke" 11148:. War, Culture and Society, 1750 –1850. Springer. pp. 1–22. 10413: 10411: 10409: 10140:

Prehistoric agricultural field found in Swifterbant, 4300–4000 BC

9930:"HOLLANDER – de betekenis volgens Encyclopedie van Noord Brabant" 8586: 8391:. An exception within the traditional Dutch alcoholic landscape, 8384: 8379: 8356: 8301: 8146: 8091: 8060: 8015:

achieved international notoriety in 2004 when he was murdered by

7958: 7720: 7642: 7486: 7155: 7062: 6939:

With the MBO certification, a student can apply for the HBO. The

6897: 6823: 6791: 6761: 6571: 6545: 6527: 6515: 6317: 6215: 6197: 6137: 5699: 5580: 5147: 5050: 4899: 4634: 4562:

The country is subdivided into 21 water districts, governed by a

4420:, Amsterdam's red-light district offers activities such as legal 4138: 4117: 4051: 3995: 3991: 3975: 3822: 3806: 3613: 3601: 3582: 3498: 3478: 3383: 3312: 3161:

between Luxembourg and the Netherlands was severed in 1890, when

3110: 2611: 2598: 2555: 2425:

Burgundian, Habsburg and Spanish Habsburg Netherlands (1384–1581)

2391: 2237:

converted the Frisian people to Christianity and established the

2027: 2007: 1999: 1839: 1835: 1804: 1770: 1664: 1601: 1530: 1385: 1350: 1228: 1124: 1120: 576: 467: 221: 14937: 13345:"This is why Dutch kids are much happier than American children" 11817:"Dutch Delta Works: from engineering feat to cultural statement" 9205:"Netherlands – Dutch civilization in the Golden Age (1609–1713)" 8740: 7760: 5354: 3841:

encompasses the reinforcement of existing coastal defences like

1732: 1231:. Amsterdam is the country's most populous city and the nominal 18880: 18870: 18860: 18834: 18824: 18804: 18784: 18779: 18759: 18729: 18689: 18664: 18480: 18450: 18425: 18405: 18395: 18370: 18309: 18267: 18201: 18171: 18146: 18126: 18116: 18091: 17839: 17717: 17691: 17666: 17656: 17636: 17626: 17611: 17606: 17586: 17556: 17526: 17511: 17486: 17420: 16611: 16589: 16418: 13995:"Total Fertility Rate around the world over the last centuries" 13308:

TSEG – the Low Countries Journal of Social and Economic History

12985:"31.954, Wet openbare lichamen Bonaire, Sint Eustatius en Saba" 12343: 11590:

Equaliberty in the Dutch Caribbean: Ways of Being Non/Sovereign

10424:

Ethnic Constructs in Antiquity: The Role of Power and Tradition

8461: 8457: 7832: 7724: 7696: 7684: 7680: 7498: 6787: 6702: 6598: 6523: 6519: 6514:

language spoken in the north and east of the Netherlands, like

6401: 6351: 6163: 5647: 5607: 5588: 4940: 4749: 4681: 4547:

The Netherlands is divided into twelve provinces, each under a

4340:, with no explicit powers beyond those of the other ministers. 4029: 3761: 3741: 3670: 3617: 3533: 3467: 2919: 2915: 2887: 2607: 2469: 2284: 2256: 2182: 2170: 2046:

in 7 BC, but would be repelled back across the Rhine after the

1953: 1949: 1861:

period, until it too was succeeded by the Corded Ware culture.

1510: 1166: 248: 15831:

A Millennium of Amsterdam: Spatial History of a Marvelous City

14181:". Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek (CBS). 21 November 2016. 12118:

Klimaatsignaal 21: hoe het klimaat in Nederland snel verandert

11963:

Floods, flood management and climate change in The Netherlands

11690: 10406: 10186:"The Periodisation of the Dutch Bronze Age: a Critical Review" 9823:"Wennen aan The Netherlands, want Holland bestaat niet langer" 9524: 8589:, and West Frisian is an official language in the province of 7387:. Famous Dutch painters of the 19th and 20th century included 7182:

upstream. As of 2022, Rotterdam was the world's tenth largest

7162:

is extensive. Busy roads have received some 35,000 km of

5616:

is the financial and business capital of the Netherlands. The

5413:

army. Since the 1990s the Dutch army has been involved in the

4314:

is formed by the government that includes the monarch and the

2349:

A medieval tomb of the Brabantian knight Arnold van der Sluijs

2319:, the latter comprising the Low Countries that became part of 1990: 1744: 19250:

Countries and territories where Dutch is an official language

19093: 18875: 18819: 18749: 18724: 18475: 18440: 18420: 18196: 18161: 18141: 17941: 17651: 17576: 17546: 16223: 14405:, List of declarations made with respect to treaty No. 148 – 13680:

Text was copied from this source, which is available under a

13676: 12776: 10864:

The Dutch Republic in the Seventeenth Century: The Golden Age

9584: 8485: 8318: 7882:

among the best known contemporary Dutch classical composers.

7692: 7528: 6779: 6601:. Additionally, schools in Friesland teach and have exams in 6385: 5905: 5493:

The submarine service opened to women on 1 January 2017. The

4640: 4222:, where the lower and upper houses of the States General meet 4077: 3842: 3699: 3597: 3593: 3571: 3490: 3482: 3471: 2178: 2015: 1973: 1965: 1897: 1880:

pottery. The southern region became dominated by the related

1663:

is used as the adjective for the Netherlands, as well as the

1645: 1641: 1583:

Many Dutch people object to the country being referred to as

1506: 1456:

made a distinction between the Roman provinces of downstream

1139:, Germany, and Belgium. The official language is Dutch, with 1111:. It is the largest of the four constituent countries of the 16478: 15606:"Bijna 64 miljoen—zo veel passagiers zag Schiphol nog nooit" 13157:"Red Cross urges Netherlands to sign UN nuclear weapons ban" 12295: 12267:"Long-term strategy on climate mitigation – The Netherlands" 12165:"The cucumber Saudis: how the Dutch got too good at farming" 11621: 11097: 11072: 11070: 7509:, and was the first physicist to use mathematical formulae. 5747:

doubled from 2008 to 2019, with especially strong growth in

4242:

in 2023 and 9th most democratic country in the world by the

4116:. The islands of the Caribbean Netherlands enjoy a tropical 3909:

through emissions reductions 25% below 1990 levels. In 2021

3019: 2734:

Following the declaration of independence, the provinces of

1460:(nowadays part of Belgium and the Netherlands) and upstream 1285:

per capita income globally. The Hague holds the seat of the

17832: 16340:

The Dutch Republic: Its Rise, Greatness and Fall, 1477–1806

14191:

Half of young big-city dwellers have non-western background

13694:"Fossil CO2 emissions of all world countries – 2018 Report" 11966:. Institute for Environmental Studies, Vrije Universiteit. 11779: 10035: 9958:"Limburger vindt 'Hollander' bedreigender dan buitenlander" 8664:+599 was the country code designated for the now dissolved 8019:

in the streets of Amsterdam after directing the short film

7704: 7532: 6819: 6815: 5897: 5625: 5422: 5405: 5294: 4016:, the European territory of the Netherlands belongs to the 3846: 3716: 3703: 3604:. In the east of the Netherlands, remains are found of the 3525: 3459: 3367: 3316: 3267:

in London declared war on Japan, but could not prevent the

2551: 2300: 2152: 1338: 1334: 959: 18932: 16509: 15867:. Sociaal en Cultureel Planbureau Den Haag. Archived from 14593: 14496: 14324:"Hoeveel dialecten heeft het Nederlands? | Taalcanon" 13058:"Drug Kingpin Trial 'Ultimate Test' for Dutch Rule of Law" 12555: 12535:"Maritime boundaries of the Caribbean part of the Kingdom" 11121: 8685:

member states. .bq is designated, but not in use, for the

8444:), is considered typical for this region. Seafood such as 8348:

is the most renowned. Larger sausages are eaten alongside

7194:. The harbour functions as an important transit point for 5304:

of the Netherlands is based on four basic commitments: to

4395:, which has the power to reject laws, but not amend them. 2311:. After he died in 869, Lotharingia was partitioned, into 1427: 1421: 1415: 1409: 1403: 1397: 14917:"The cost of studying at a university in the Netherlands" 12800:"Ministers en staatssecretarissen kabinet-Schoof beëdigd" 12669:"Dutch Tolerance: On Drugs, Prostitution, and Euthanasia" 12364: 11959: 11067: 10322:, Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2005, pp 226–227 9427: 8816:"How many residents have origins outside the Netherlands" 8678: 8388: 8276: 7871:

since its first edition in 1956, and has won five times.

7230: 6744:

in orientation. It was formed in 2004 as a merger of the

6510:

in Dutch). Low Saxon consists of several dialects of the

5552: 3694:

Map illustrating areas of the Netherlands below sea level

1554:. Formerly these were a single province, and earlier the 1443: 1437: 1080: 1076: 17415: 15291:. U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. 2012. Archived from 15234:"Een kwart van de laadpalen in de EU staat in Nederland" 14932: 14930: 13873:"Dutch agricultural exports worth €94.5 billion in 2019" 13575:. World Economic Forum. 5 September 2012. Archived from 13100: 12449: 12222:"Activists cheer victory in landmark Dutch climate case" 11363:"The Kingdom of the Netherlands declares war with Japan" 7398:

Literature flourished during the Dutch Golden Age, with

5327:

The historical ties inherited from its colonial past in

3756:(Southern Sea) from the North Sea and thus creating the 3673:, replacing it with the 72 km (28 sq mi) 2637:

in 1578, the Spanish forces won easily. In light of the

18055: 16487:(CBS) – Key figures from the Dutch bureau of statistics 15801:(4th ed.). Amersfoort: Bekking. pp. 155–156. 15457:"How the Dutch Mastered Bike Parking at Train Stations" 13870: 12517:"Les insectes sont bel et bien en train de disparaître" 12115:

Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut (2021).

12072:. Asce.org (19 July 2010). Retrieved on 21 August 2012. 11929:"Netherlands relinquishes some of itself to the waters" 11521: 11519: 10823:

Ground Warfare: An International Encyclopedia, Volume 1

10530:"Lindisfarne raid I Facts, Summary, & Significance" 8879: 8877: 8875: 8873: 8871: 8869: 8387:-flavoured spirit, that came to be known in England as 7743:

in Europe. Contemporary local stars include pop singer

6685:

found that 55% of the total population declared itself

5919:

almost half the population has an immigrant background.

3711: 3192: 3103:

until November 1813, when Napoleon was defeated in the

16424:

I am Expat – General information about the Netherlands

15849:

J. Vossenstein, Dealing with the Dutch, 9789460220791.

15504:"Nederland heeft grootste binnenvaartvloot van Europa" 13682:

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

13174:

KCT. Official website of the Dutch Commando Foundation

11041:, vol. 1, Macmillan Reference USA, 2006, pp. 237–240, 10681:

The Spanish People: Their Origin, Growth and Influence

9578: 9501: 9334: 8317:

being represented in the major cities. In early 2014,

8028:

Directors of photography from the Netherlands include

7229:

by number of passengers. Schiphol is the main hub for

6552:

were recognised in 1996 as non-territorial languages.

6502:. The first of these recognised regional languages is 3592:

Almost the entire west Netherlands is composed of the

3063:

as main political factions. With the armed support of

2886:

were established along the many rivers in the fertile

2633:

of 1574. When the next large-scale battle occurred at

1574:

in the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries, made Holland a

1562:. The emphasis on Holland during the formation of the 1452:) are in use in low-lying places all over Europe. The 15665:"71% of cargo tonnage transported by full freighters" 15340:(RVO), Netherlands Enterprise Agency (17 July 2015). 14927: 14083:

The Escape from Hunger and Premature Death, 1700—2100

13739: 13555:"Dutch allow Wilders' anti-Pole website, EU critical" 12725:"Dutch" Religious Tolerance: Celebration and Revision 11756: 11754: 11752: 11109: 10977:. Vol. 1. Oxford University Press. p. 174. 10497: 10426:. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University. pp. 321–337. 10243:

de Vries, Jan W., Roland Willemyns and Peter Burger,

9310:(RVO), Netherlands Enterprise Agency (17 July 2015). 7505:, argued that light travelled as waves, invented the 6558:

has a formal status in the special municipalities of

5527:. The Netherlands is one of the top countries in the 3714:, villages and farmhouses were built on hills called 3382:. Referendums were held on each island. As a result, 3335:. In 1993, the former two were incorporated into the 3145:

to the status of a kingdom and proclaimed himself as

2323:

in 870. Around 879, another Viking expedition led by

2095:

and the Southwest Netherlands, they were raiding the

1876:(1800–800 BC), a Middle Bronze Age culture marked by 1483:("the lands over here") for the Low Countries. Under 15121: 12358: 11516: 10468:, Bertsgeschiedenissite.nl. Retrieved 6 October 2011 10103:

Van Zeist, W. (1957). "De steentijd van Nederland".

8866: 8571: 8528: 8267:

driver to make his debut and to win a race, was the

7493:

were famous Dutch philosophers. The Dutch scientist

5767: 3750:("Closure Dike") was completed, blocking the former 1667:. The origins of the word go back to Proto-Germanic 1375: 1143:

as a secondary official language in the province of

16512:– English website of the Netherlands tourist office 16294:"Internationale Vereniging Trappist – Westvleteren" 15289:"CIA World Factbook | Field listing: Railways" 15012: 15010: 15008: 14524:"De Friese taal – Erkende talen – Rijksoverheid.nl" 14407:

European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages

14023: 12519:[Insects are well and truly disappearing]. 12443: 11960:Olsthoorn, A.A.; Richard S.J. Tol (February 2001). 9305: 9303: 8604:

European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages

8596: 7711:are having international success. Metal bands like 7276: 6622:Religious identification in the Netherlands (2020) 6570:has a formal status in the special municipality of 6500:

European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages

5459:, including the Naval Air Service and Marine Corps; 4330:. The council of ministers is presided over by the 2597:The first great siege was Alba's effort to capture 2103:(358) when Salian Franks were allowed to settle as 1818:(c. 5600 BC), related to the southern Scandinavian 16251: 15046:. Ministerie van Volksgezondheid. 18 February 2010 15002:Boston Consulting Group, 'Zorg voor Waarde', 2011. 14641:"The Challenge of a Church Going into Liquidation" 14202:American FactFinder, United States Census Bureau. 13925:. USDA Foreign Agriculture Service. Archived from 13892:"Why are Dutch farmers protesting over emissions?" 13825: 13527:"Amsterdam en de wereld: Toerisme en congreswezen" 12648:Zaken, Ministerie van Algemene (12 October 2011). 12527: 12163: 12083: 12081: 11774:Wong, Th.E.; Batjes, D.A.J.; Jager, J. de (2007). 11749: 10917:"Dutch West India Company | Dutch trading company" 10357:(4th ed.). Amersfoort: Bekking. p. 158. 9877:"The Netherlands Will No Longer Be Called Holland" 9850:"Wat is het verschil tussen Holland en Nederland?" 9591:. University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 85–. 9503: 9341: 9280: 9172: 8036:. Internationally successful Dutch actors include 6989:(1632–1723), known as "the father of microbiology" 6967:and the EU, and 15,000 euros for non-EU students. 5848:in the world, with the average age of 42.7 years. 5533:International Institute for Management Development 4458:had to be formed. Since suffrage became universal 3281:colonial war against the new Republic of Indonesia 2697:colonies of the new republican-mercantile empire. 1380:The countries that comprise the region called the 15776: 14963:"U.S. scores dead last again in healthcare study" 14722:. Central Bureau of Statistics, Netherlands. 2012 14720:"Een op de zes bezoekt regelmatig kerk of moskee" 13858:"Dutch agricultural exports top 80 billion Euros" 13713: 13711: 13613: 13611: 13109:"The Dutch COIN Approach: Three years in Uruzgan" 12752:. Government of the Netherlands. 18 November 2022 12158: 12156: 10812:, Holt, Rinehart & Winston: New York, p. 294. 10726:The Causes of War: Volume III: 1400 CE to 1650 CE 10628:"Twentieth Century Atlas – Historical Body Count" 9585:Wim Blockmans; Walter Prevenier (3 August 2010). 8638:in 2002. The United States dollar is used in the 8464:are widely available and typical for the region. 7406:as the most famous writers. In the 19th century, 5731:The Netherlands has made notable progress in its 5651:The Netherlands is part of a monetary union, the 3509:. The south-western part of the Netherlands is a 3477:Much of the country was originally formed by the 2066:, the area south of the Limes became part of the 1888:Celts, Germanic tribes and Romans (800 BC–410 AD) 1215:. The four largest cities in the Netherlands are 58:Constituent country in Kingdom of the Netherlands 19231: 16260:. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons. p. 16029: 15084:"SWOV Fact sheet | Mobility on Dutch roads" 15005: 13302:Bavel, Bas Van; Frankema, Ewout (22 June 2017). 13106: 10967: 10330: 10328: 10195:. Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden. Archived from 9453:Permanent Mission of the Netherlands to the UN. 9300: 8681:domain is also used, as it is shared with other 8564: 8562: 3532:). Another significant branch of the Rhine, the 3034:Sovereign Principality of the United Netherlands 2898:). In Asia, the Dutch established a presence in 2878:in 1614. In South Africa, the Dutch settled the 1830:, and between 4300 and 4000 BC agriculture. The 1679:, meaning "popular" or "of the people", akin to 15734:van Gorp, Bouke; Béneker, Tine (1 April 2007). 15733: 15598: 15185:. In Finger, Matthias; Audouin, Maxime (eds.). 14842: 13194:"Ministerie van defensie – Werken bij Defensie" 11773: 10042:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 9481:"Rotterdam: the largest freight port in the EU" 8192:and won the European Championship of 2017. The 7952:", 1983). Verhoeven then went on to direct big 7158:as the most bike-friendly countries in Europe. 6540:and is spoken in the south-eastern province of 3893:plans by the European Union in the face of the 3014:conclusion of the War of the Spanish Succession 2918:), and the only western trading post in Japan, 2814:Winter landscape with skaters near the city of 2334: 2189:, but those who stayed would be referred to as 2116: 1694:) people". At first, the English language used 1183:. During this time, its trading companies, the 1173:land reclamation that began in the 14th century 16516:Netherlands Board of Tourism & Conventions 15891:"2 Unlimited | Biography | AllMusic" 15578: 15180: 14791:"How many Jews live in The Netherlands? | JPR" 14447: 14115:"Feiten en cijfers over immigratie – Pagina 5" 13850: 13827:"Farming in the Netherlands: Polder and wiser" 13774:"Food waste: the problem in the EU in numbers" 13708: 13608: 13519: 12153: 11852:. Rijks Universiteit Groningen. Archived from 10159:Fokkens, Harry; Nicolis, Franco, eds. (2012). 10158: 9696:Groot Woordenboek der Nederlandse Taal. Deel I 9396:"Grondwet voor het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden" 9165: 8428:has since the 16th century been known for its 7618:. Traditional musical instruments such as the 5258:List of diplomatic missions of the Netherlands 4234:since 1848. The Netherlands is described as a 3903:State of the Netherlands v. Urgenda Foundation 3275:liberated much of the Netherlands. Soon after 2151:, and from there continued his conquests into 1321:, the Netherlands is a founding member of the 1270:in 1919 and was the first country to legalise 1165:. Most of the areas below sea level, known as 245:Location of Netherlands (dark green) 19033: 18948: 18527: 18253: 18041: 17401: 17377: 16537: 16463:Key Development Forecasts for the Netherlands 16055: 16007:"1973 – Monique van de Ven: Voor altijd Olga" 15975:. 2 November 2004 – via news.bbc.co.uk. 15133:International Transport Forum. Archived from 13402:"Child well-being in rich countries — UNICEF" 13301: 13107:Dimitriu, George; de Graaf (September 2010). 13060:. VOA. Agence France-Presse. 21 December 2022 12604: 11054: 10940: 10325: 10256:Hachmann, Rolf, Georg Kossack and Hans Kuhn, 10115: 9081:"Statuut voor het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden" 8842:"Religieuze betrokkenheid; persoonskenmerken" 8784:Staatsblad van het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden 8559: 8436:. A by-product of the butter-making process, 7237:and the world's oldest airline. In 2016, the 6001: 5437:. The Netherlands decided not to sign the UN 4486:). In November 2023, the right-wing populist 4072:islands of the Caribbean, the territories of 2700: 2341:History of urban centres in the Low Countries 1716: 709:41,865 km (16,164 sq mi) ( 17767:autonomous country of the Kingdom of Denmark 16360: 16316:Elliott, John (2014). Dadson, Trevor (ed.). 15117: 15115: 15113: 15111: 14605: 13944: 13257:. World Intellectual Property Organization. 13220:"The 2017 IMD World Competitiveness Ranking" 12987:(in Dutch). Eerste kamer der Staten-Generaal 12830:[Municipalities on 1 January 2021]. 11139: 11103: 10268: 10266: 10247:, Amsterdam: Prometheus, 2003, pp. 12, 21–27 9982: 9393: 8965: 8963: 8961: 8959: 8935:"Dutch Census 2011 Analysis and Methodology" 8412:(traditionally in small spheres) as well as 8140:is the most popular team sport, followed by 6930:. The building in the centre is the library. 6471:The official language of the Netherlands is 5764:emissions per person in the European Union. 5439:treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons 3269:Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies 3230:in 1916. That changed in World War II, when 3095:as a puppet kingdom governed by his brother 3087:had fled to England. From 1806 to 1810, the 2086:. The Batavi rose against the Romans in the 1849:culture (c. 2950 BC). In the southwest, the 1491:("lands down-here"). This was translated as 130: 16252:Rinsky, Laura Halpin; Glenn Rinsky (2009). 14549: 14547: 14545: 12953: 12951: 11002:. Concept Publishing Company. p. 10. 2005. 10581:"Low Countries | Facts, Map, & History" 10479:Dorestad. Een wereldstad in de middeleeuwen 9502:van Krieken, Peter J.; David McKay (2005). 9130: 8500: 7221:, just southwest of Amsterdam, is the main 7097: 6857:. The Netherlands has an estimated 250,000 6851:Hinduism-orientated new religious movements 4539:Administrative divisions of the Netherlands 4517: 1492: 1472:, which covered much of the Low Countries. 1246:since 1848. The country has a tradition of 1131:coastline to the north and west. It shares 160: 68: 19295:States and territories established in 1815 19040: 19026: 18955: 18941: 18534: 18520: 18260: 18246: 18048: 18034: 17408: 17394: 16778:Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands 16544: 16530: 15794: 15581:"What is the oldest airline in the world?" 15032: 14938:"Health Care System's Indexes and reports" 14742:"Godsdienstige veranderingen in Nederland" 14455:"Foreign languages in secondary education" 13664:The Netherlands 2020: Energy Policy Review 13643:The Netherlands 2020: Energy Policy Review 13254:Global Innovation Index 2023, 15th Edition 12828:"Gemeentelijke indeling op 1 januari 2023" 12075: 11277: 10783:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 247. 10678: 10644: 10350: 10239: 10237: 10235: 10233: 10231: 10229: 9794: 9738:"Telegraph style book: places and peoples" 9424:"Same-Sex Marriage Legalized in Amsterdam" 8927: 8757:(in Dutch). Rijksoverheid. 11 January 2016 8373:. The provinces are home to hard textured 8223:The Netherlands has won 266 medals at the 7987:Other well-known Dutch film directors are 7190:industries and general cargo handling and 6008: 5994: 4203: 3323:, following the 1952 establishment of the 3293:Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands 2961:. In 1672 – known in Dutch history as the 2786:, the Republic came to occupy a number of 2770:. The confederal government, known as the 2485:The Low Countries in the late 14th century 2295:of Middle Francia acknowledged the Viking 1998:The first author to describe the coast of 230: 220: 210: 18592:Commission against Racism and Intolerance 16174:"The 50 Greatest Footballers of All Time" 15998: 15858: 15759: 15579:Kirkliauskaite, Kristina (19 July 2020). 15108: 14843:Bernts, Tom; Berghuijs, Joantine (2016). 14809: 14692: 14690: 14673: 14656: 14461:(in Dutch). Rijksoverheid. Archived from 14085:. Cambridge University Press. p. 41. 13992: 13757: 13573:"Global Competitiveness Report 2012–2013" 13480: 13319: 13132: 12820: 12491: 12400: 12382: 11926: 11732: 11140:Van Der Burg, Martijn (19 January 2024). 11083:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 233. 11063:. Vol. 23, no. 7. pp. 3–7. 10799:Vol. III, Harper Bros.: New York, p. 508. 10744:Vol. III, Harper Bros.: New York, p. 411. 10723: 10417: 10263: 10102: 10079: 10061: 9902:"Het Vlaams woordenboek » hollander" 9672:. Dutch Embassy in Sweden. Archived from 9148: 9133:"Few fishy facts found in climate report" 9103:"Netherlands boundaries in the North Sea" 8956: 6697:comprised 19.8% of the total population, 6017:Largest municipalities in the Netherlands 3927:List of national parks of the Netherlands 3199:History of the Netherlands (1900–present) 3020:Batavian Republic and Kingdom (1795–1890) 2846:, spanning much of the 17th century, the 2693:. Parts of the southern provinces became 1238:The Netherlands has been a parliamentary 909: 49:. For the hamlet in the Netherlands, see 19047: 18587:Commission for the Efficiency of Justice 17989:which has sovereignty over Vatican City. 16551: 16408:) is being considered for deletion. See 16226:America. 14 January 2013. Archived from 16150:(in Dutch). 24 July 2006. Archived from 14869:"Hoe God (bijna) verdween uit Nederland" 14836: 14815: 14638: 14542: 14168:, Eurostat, Statistics in focus vol. 34. 14029: 13565: 13552: 12959:"Netherlands : Major Urban Centers" 12948: 12722:Kaplan, Benjamin J. (5 September 2019). 12241:"Hoe groot is onze broeikasgasuitstoot?" 11814: 11080:Historical Dictionary of the Netherlands 11076: 11020: 10961: 10708: 10609:The Rise of the Dutch Republic, Volume 2 10459:Frisii en Frisiaevones, 25–08–02 (Dutch) 9698:, Van Dale Lexicografie, Utrecht, p 1105 9688: 8993: 8296: 8168:'s 50 greatest footballers of all time, 8107: 7659: 7602:Music of the former Netherlands Antilles 7570: 7367:were leading Dutch pioneers. During the 7134: 7091: 7061: 6992: 6980: 6921: 6566:. It is widely spoken on these islands. 6462: 5910: 5706: 5698: 5646: 5510: 5261: 4521: 4412: 4213: 4122: 3930: 3792: 3689: 3645: 3417: 3210: 3109: 2980:From 1672 to 1712, the Republic, led by 2826: 2808: 2714: 2651: 2344: 2247: 2130: 1989: 754: 251: (light green & dark grey) 225: 16773:Proclamation of Indonesian Independence 16315: 16144:"Ledental sportbonden opnieuw gestegen" 15790: 15788: 14861: 14611: 14206:. Factfinder.census.gov. Archived from 14179:Migration background still plays a role 13483:"Is the Netherlands Still a Tax Haven?" 13009: 13007: 12977: 12537:. Ministry of Defence. 15 November 2017 12082:Kimmelman, Michael (13 February 2013). 11648: 11254:Macmillan Encyclopedia of World Slavery 11115: 10498:MacKay, Angus; David Ditchburn (1997). 10422:. In Derks, Ton; Roymans, Nico (eds.). 10346: 10344: 10283:, Livius.org. Retrieved 6 October 2011. 10226: 10038:"Use of red ochre by early Neandertals" 9664: 9662: 9638: 8902: 8369:); whereas smaller ones are eaten as a 8243:, and the 1985 UCI World Championship. 7629:Contemporary Dutch rock and pop music ( 5876:, 2.4% Moroccan, 2.0% Indonesian, 2.0% 5515:Historical GDP per capita development ( 3884:The Netherlands has the fourth largest 3869:The Netherlands is already affected by 3394:(the BES islands) were incorporated as 3327:, and subsequent 1958 creations of the 2229:. With the approval of the Franks, the 1838:, large stone grave monuments found in 14: 19275:Member states of the Council of Europe 19232: 16334: 16192: 16136: 16101: 15985: 14687: 14599: 14390: 14388: 13889: 13553:Kreijger, Gilbert (10 February 2012). 12849: 12721: 12666: 12365:Dinerstein, Eric; et al. (2017). 12238: 12124:(in Dutch). De Bilt: KNMI. p. 11. 11803:Zuiderzee floods (Netherlands history) 11582: 11127: 10605: 10336:The Shorter Cambridge Medieval History 9874: 9847: 9694:G. Geerts & H. Heestermans, 1981, 9230:"Dutch Republic | History & Facts" 8810: 8808: 8755:"Welke erkende talen heeft Nederland?" 8273:Formula One World Drivers Championship 7912:Some Dutch films – mainly by director 7897: 7513:was the first to observe and describe 6945:universities of professional education 6764:to the northern parts of the province 5600:ranks 11th in GDP (nominal) per capita 4381:party-list proportional representation 3566:The Netherlands is mostly composed of 3422:Relief map of the European Netherlands 3173:from becoming the next Grand Duchess. 1964:) extended along the middle Rhine and 1750:Bronze Age cultures in the Netherlands 1558:, which included parts of present-day 1193:established colonies and trading posts 19021: 18936: 18541: 18515: 18241: 18029: 17389: 17376: 16525: 16344:Oxford History of Early Modern Europe 16217:"Good Enough to Eat – Media Briefing" 16035: 15833:. Bussum: Thoth Publishers 2012, p.9 15475:"Lloyd's List One Hundred Ports 2022" 15339: 15181:Rietmann, Nele; Lieven, Theo (2019). 15040:"Together healthy, fit and resilient" 14987: 14712: 14484:Schedule of the Central Exams of 2009 14080: 13952:"Population dynamics; month and year" 13920:"Netherlands: Agricultural situation" 12647: 12450:Grantham, H. S.; et al. (2020). 12239:Statistiek, Centraal Bureau voor de. 12096:from the original on 14 February 2013 11876:"Kerngegevens gemeente Wieringermeer" 11622:Central Bureau of Statistics (2009). 11203:"William I | king of The Netherlands" 11077:Koopmans, Joop W. (5 November 2015). 10778: 10755:"Union of Utrecht | European history" 10728:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 131. 10491: 10295:"The Edges of the Earth (3) – Livius" 10292: 9952: 9950: 9924: 9922: 9611: 9564:"Lotharingia / Lorraine (Lothringen)" 9506:The Hague: Legal Capital of the World 9343:"How the Netherlands Feeds the World" 9309: 9126: 9124: 9105:. Ministry of Defence. Archived from 9061:. Dutch government. 30 September 2010 9022: 8705: 8194:Netherlands women's field hockey team 8160:of 1974, 1978, and 2010, and won the 7974:(1992), and returned with Dutch film 7542: 6786:. This included migrant workers from 5675:have arrived in the Netherlands from 4028:and sand-drifts (overgrazed heaths) ( 3548:dialects (except for the province of 3466:. Since the late 16th century, large 2245:was murdered by the Frisians in 754. 2225:, the Frisians were defeated after a 1784:in the area, using spears. The later 16481:– official Dutch government web site 16193:Reaney, Patricia (14 January 2014). 16004: 15952: 15785: 14996: 14816:van Beek, Marije (16 January 2015). 14346:"Talen in Nederland – Erkende talen" 14204:"Census 2006 ACS Ancestry estimates" 14062:. Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek 13250: 13004: 12514: 12196: 11927:Nickerson, Colin (5 December 2005). 10934: 10860: 10556:"Louis II | king of the East Franks" 10481:, Walburg Pers, Zutphen, pp. 23–27, 10385: 10341: 9795:Oostendorp, Marc van (1 June 2018). 9659: 9179:. Marshall Cavendish. 2003. p. 9175:How it Works: Science and Technology 9037:United Nations Development Programme 8619: 6926:View on the Utrecht Science Park of 6867:Institute for Jewish Policy Research 6750:Reformed Churches in the Netherlands 6730:Protestant Church in the Netherlands 5884:, mostly concentrated in and around 5797:One-third of the world's exports of 5254:Foreign relations of the Netherlands 5247: 4405:Political parties of the Netherlands 4398: 4045: 3764:Lake). It became part of the larger 3481:of three large European rivers: the 3193:World wars and beyond (1890–present) 3083:on 19 January 1795. The stadtholder 2953:of 1636–1637, and the world's first 1948:. They would later develop into the 1857:(c. 2600 BC)—survived well into the 19285:Member states of the United Nations 19280:Member states of the European Union 16036:Elias, Justine (15 November 1998). 15620:from the original on 9 January 2017 14818:"Ongelovigen halen de gelovigen in" 14385: 14263:"CBS – Income distribution – Extra" 13838:from the original on 20 August 2022 13635: 13481:Schindler, Dirk (28 January 2022). 13423: 12750:"Feminist foreign policy explained" 12214: 10974:The Islamic World: Past and Present 10861:Prak, Maarten (22 September 2005). 10258:Völker zwischen Germanen und Kelten 10183: 10007:from the original on 31 August 2021 9632: 9483:. European Commission. 2 April 2020 9131:Schiermeier, Quirin (5 July 2010). 8805: 7575:Dutch people in orange celebrating 7087: 4439:The Netherlands has a tradition of 4259:Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands 3886:greenhouse gas emissions per capita 3827:American Society of Civil Engineers 3654:resulted in the death of thousands. 3612:moved in from the north, it pushed 3165:died with no surviving male heirs. 3149:in 1815. William became hereditary 2398:for themselves from the sovereign. 1944:inhabited the northern part of the 1698:to refer to any or all speakers of 1591:, on much the same grounds as many 1262:, along with maintaining a liberal 24: 15973:"Gunman kills Dutch film director" 15129:(Report). Delft, the Netherlands: 14891:"Leerplicht en kwalificatieplicht" 14618:. Johns Hopkins University Press. 14583:, pp. 6–18, Berghahn Books, 1999. 13977:CBS Statline – Population; history 12245:Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek 12184:from the original on 23 March 2023 11902:"Kerngegevens procincie Flevoland" 11663:Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek 10693: 10679:Sharp Hume, Martin Andrew (1901). 10645:Clodfelter, Micheal (9 May 2017). 10163:. Leiden: Sidestone. p. 131. 9947: 9919: 9370:"Gemeentegrootte en stedelijkheid" 9278: 9121: 9030:"Human Development Report 2023/24" 8885:"The World Factbook – Netherlands" 8769: 8269:first Dutchman to win a Grand Prix 7739:are popular guests at the biggest 7206:is Europe's 4th largest port. The 7169: 6873:parties in the Dutch parliament, ( 6794:, as well as migrants from former 5856:, by nationality, with an average 5404:, and became a founding member of 4559:), of which there are 342 (2023). 4502:was inaugurated in July 2024, and 4120:with warm weather all year round. 3189:would be fully free only in 1873. 2730:by Hendrik van Schuylenburgh, 1665 2500:, Prince of Orange, leader of the 2135:Frankish expansion (481 to 870 AD) 1918:became influential, replacing the 1636:", a natural cultural, social and 1392:) all have comparatively the same 1361:, many of which are in The Hague. 1311:busiest airport in the Netherlands 226:Metropolitan Netherlands in Europe 25: 19306: 18922:Serbia and Montenegro (2003–2006) 16412:to help reach a consensus. › 16385: 15370: 14229:South Africa – Afrikaans Speakers 14030:Enserink, Martin (7 April 2015). 12905:"Baarle-Hertog and Baarle Nassau" 12613:https://doi.org/10.23696/vdemds21 11805:. Britannica Online Encyclopedia. 11035:History of World Trade Since 1450 10392:. Berghahn Books. pp. 6–18. 9875:Romano, Andrea (7 January 2020). 7878:is a famous Dutch composer, with 7667:, the largest Dutch concert venue 7186:. The port's main activities are 7057: 5927:, in 2010 there were 1.8 million 5844:. The Netherlands has one of the 5768:Agriculture and natural resources 5596:17th-largest economy in the world 5322:liberal policy towards soft drugs 4551:. All provinces are divided into 4332:Prime Minister of the Netherlands 4300:Prime Minister of the Netherlands 4195:, 887 m (2,910 ft), on 3984:UNESCO World Heritage Nature Site 3865:Climate change in the Netherlands 3858: 3831:seven wonders of the modern world 3638:List of floods in the Netherlands 3325:European Coal and Steel Community 3286: 3038:United Kingdom of the Netherlands 2872:Dutch settlement in North America 2463:, Lord of the Netherlands at the 2014:, the area south and west of the 1376:Netherlands and the Low Countries 782:520/km (1,346.8/sq mi) ( 749:• 21 September 2024 estimate 18993: 18325: 18210: 18007: 17996: 17995: 17690: 16447: 16437: 16286: 16245: 16209: 16186: 16166: 16110: 16095: 16077: 15979: 15965: 15946: 15928: 15910: 15883: 15852: 15843: 15823: 15795:Rietbergen, P. J. A. N. (2000). 15727: 15709: 15687: 15657: 15632: 15572: 15547: 15522: 15496: 15467: 15449: 15419: 15401: 15383: 15364: 15333: 15307: 15281: 15252: 15226: 15174: 15152: 15076: 15058: 14969: 14955: 14909: 14883: 14783: 14766: 14734: 14632: 14573: 14515: 14411: 14360: 14338: 14316: 14303: 14285: 14255: 14237: 14222: 14195: 14184: 14171: 14151: 14137: 14107: 14089: 14074: 14052: 13986: 13970: 13883: 13864: 13818: 13788: 13766: 13733: 13686: 13675: 13656: 13591: 13546: 13497: 13474: 13449: 13394: 13362: 13342: 13336: 13295: 13286: 13244: 13212: 13186: 13167: 13149: 13086: 13072: 13050: 13033: 12922: 12897: 12875: 12792: 12764: 12742: 12715: 12660: 12641: 12618: 12549: 12508: 12417: 12332: 12314: 12288: 12259: 12232: 12128: 12108: 12056: 11990: 11953: 11920: 11894: 11868: 11838: 11823: 11815:Rietveld, Ronald (8 June 2017). 11808: 11796: 11767: 11684: 11615: 11576: 11545: 11494: 11468: 11443: 11417: 11389: 11377: 11355: 11325: 11298: 11259: 11246: 11221: 11195: 11170: 11133: 11048: 10351:Rietbergen, P. J. A. N. (2000). 9612:Elton, Geoffrey Rudolph (1990). 8720: 8531: 8408:(spiced cheese with cumin), and 8283:15 times out of 19 tournaments. 8210:volleyball national women's team 8147:Dutch National Olympic Committee 7451:was built between 950 and 1250. 7341: 7328:Water Mill at Kollen Near Nuenen 7319: 7299: 7277:Art, architecture and philosophy 7242:airports are located in or near 7213: 7117:, a high-speed line between the 6919:streams of secondary education. 6131: 6121: 6078: 6068: 5376: 5353: 5202: 5171: 5140: 5043: 5009: 4968: 4927: 4886: 4845: 4811: 4777: 4736: 4702: 4661: 4627: 4498:, securing 37 out of 150 seats. 4318:, the deliberative organ of the 4288: 4268: 4034:Forest Landscape Integrity Index 3801:are located in the provinces of 3789:Flood control in the Netherlands 3681:North Sea flood of February 1953 3634:Flood control in the Netherlands 3333:European Atomic Energy Community 3101:became part of the French Empire 3079:and rendering the Netherlands a 2573:between the Provinces and their 2526:by Philip the Good in 1433. The 2490: 2478: 2452: 2421:of Burgundy to conquer Holland. 2217:) as its centre of power, while 1743: 1731: 1371:Terminology of the Low Countries 933: 908: 886: 885: 867: 866: 834: 833: 815: 814: 753: 184: 109: 98: 15986:Slater, Lydia (10 April 2012). 15555:"About the Waterbus – Waterbus" 15530:"Public transport in Amsterdam" 14060:"Reported health and lifestyle" 13431:"Amsterdam – Economische Zaken" 12515:Malo, Paul (18 November 2019). 12425:"Beekbergerwoud - Natuurgebied" 11398:Video: Allies Set For Offensive 10991: 10909: 10890:"The Middle Colonies: New York" 10882: 10854: 10829: 10815: 10802: 10787: 10772: 10747: 10732: 10717: 10702: 10687: 10672: 10638: 10620: 10599: 10573: 10548: 10522: 10471: 10452: 10386:Blom, J. C. H. (30 June 2006). 10379: 10312: 10286: 10250: 10221:The New Encyclopædia Britannica 10214: 10177: 10152: 10132: 10096: 10029: 10020: 9993:. US: Oxford University Press. 9976: 9894: 9868: 9841: 9815: 9788: 9756: 9730: 9701: 9605: 9556: 9495: 9446: 9416: 9387: 9362: 9272: 9247: 9222: 9197: 9095: 9073: 9051: 8692: 8671: 8658: 8649: 8628: 8208:24 times out of 33 events. The 7287:Architecture of the Netherlands 7227:third busiest airport in Europe 6865:in the Netherlands, though the 6579:are able to converse in English 5809: 5345:Armed forces of the Netherlands 4244:Democracy Index (The Economist) 4179:. The locals (French, Spanish, 3552:, which has its own language). 3474:, canals and pumping stations. 3462:extraction or achieved through 3232:Germany invaded the Netherlands 3176:The Belgian Revolution and the 2884:Dutch colonies in South America 1994:The Rhine frontier around 70 AD 1355:intergovernmental organisations 16443:Wikimedia Atlas of Netherlands 16369:] (in Dutch). Prometheus. 15988:"Euro star: Carice van Houten" 15953:Luck, Richard (6 April 2022). 14309:Data taken from an EU survey. 13627:. 17 June 2009. Archived from 13485:. Erasmus University Rotterdam 13375:. UNICEF. 2007. Archived from 11558:Encyclopædia Britannica Online 11333:"Nederlanders in de Waffen-SS" 11287:. Amsterdam University Press, 11055:Sayle, Murray (5 April 2001). 10867:. Cambridge University Press. 10808:Willson, David Harris (1972). 10796:The Rise of the Dutch Republic 10741:The Rise of the Dutch Republic 9618:. Cambridge University Press. 9510:. Cambridge University Press. 9430:. 1 April 2001. Archived from 9411:... de hoofdstad Amsterdam ... 8852: 8834: 8610: 7770:Early 1990s Dutch and Belgian 6837:Another religion practised is 5525:high level of economic freedom 5285:has been characterized by its 4032:). The Netherlands had a 2019 3954:, the national department for 3778: 1640:boundary formed by the rivers 1612:when talking about the country 1501:was also the area between the 1115:. The Netherlands consists of 934: 27:Country in northwestern Europe 13: 1: 18582:Commissioner for Human Rights 17951:country of the United Kingdom 16798:Malaysia Airlines Flight MH17 16397: 16222:(Press release). Boston, MA: 16005:Hahn, Bram (7 October 2015). 15640:"What you would like to know" 14503:Examenblad talen, vwo in 2019 13652:. September 2020. p. 11. 13225:. 4 June 2017. Archived from 13113:Small Wars & Insurgencies 11563:Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 11386:Access date: 9 February 2007. 11283:Abbenhuis, Maartje M. (2006) 10825:. ABC-CLIO. 2002. p. 45. 10793:Motley, John Lothrop (1855). 10738:Motley, John Lothrop (1855). 10724:Gillespie, Alexander (2017). 10709:Durant, Will; Durant, Ariel. 10193:Open Access Leiden University 9670:"Holland or the Netherlands?" 9255:"History of the Dutch Empire" 8944:. 19 November 2014. p. 9 8733: 8644:Netherlands Antillean guilder 8214:European Championship in 1995 7908:Television in the Netherlands 7553:The Dutch are proud of their 7152:European Cyclists' Federation 7096:A regional train operated by 6977:Healthcare in the Netherlands 6970: 5977:5th largest metropolitan area 5816:Demography of the Netherlands 5689:Global Competitiveness Report 5632:), on 1 January 1999. Actual 5587:), and satellite navigation ( 5364:-class offshore patrol vessel 4585:and within those are 8 Dutch 4326:. One to three ministers are 3578:derived sediments during the 2998:War of the Spanish Succession 2711:Evolution of the Dutch Empire 2401:Around 1100 AD, farmers from 1723:Prehistory of the Netherlands 969:United States dollar (US$ ) ( 18270:European Economic Area (EEA) 16102:Kanter, Jake (1 July 2020). 15859:Becker, Jos; De Hart, Joep. 15614:Nederlandse Omroep Stichting 15373:"Cycling in the Netherlands" 14581:History of the Low Countries 13983:. Retrieved on 8 March 2009. 13890:Corder, Mike (8 July 2022). 13673:. September 2020. p. 3. 13125:10.1080/09592318.2010.505471 11846:"Windmills in Dutch History" 11451:"History of the Netherlands" 10389:History of the Low Countries 9829:(in Dutch). 31 December 2019 9039:. 13 March 2024. p. 288 8112:Dutch star football players 7225:in the Netherlands, and the 7049:Transport in the Netherlands 7042: 6910:Education in the Netherlands 6903: 6810:arrived from countries like 6459:Languages of the Netherlands 5529:Global Enabling Trade Report 3679:tidal floodplains. The huge 3642:Storm tides of the North Sea 3414:Geography of the Netherlands 3407: 3259:were members of the fascist 2335:High Middle Ages (1000–1384) 2307:and subsequently were named 2117:Early Middle Ages (411–1000) 1906:Netherlands in the Roman era 1690:, meaning "(of) the common ( 1364: 36:Netherlands (disambiguation) 7: 18962: 16452:Geographic data related to 16361:Van Nimwegen, Olaf (2020). 15240:(in Dutch). 4 November 2019 15195:10.1007/978-3-319-96526-0_7 14645:Irish Theological Quarterly 14612:Numbers, Ronald L. (2014). 13834:. Sevenum. 23 August 2014. 13671:International Energy Agency 13650:International Energy Agency 13507:. Tax Justice Network. 2021 13505:"Corporate Tax Haven Index" 13196:. Mindef.nl. Archived from 12780:(in Dutch). 1 December 2023 12634:Economist Intelligence Unit 12140:European Environment Agency 11624:"Land – en tuinbouwcijfers" 11154:10.1007/978-3-030-66658-3_1 10138:Volkskrant 24 August 2007 " 10105:Nieuwe Drentse Volksalmanak 9964:(in Dutch). 25 October 2017 9848:margoD (3 September 2020). 9348:National Geographic Society 8979:International Monetary Fund 8889:Central Intelligence Agency 8524: 7549:Dutch customs and etiquette 7154:ranked the Netherlands and 7119:Amsterdam metropolitan area 6849:, and Western adherents of 6615:Religion in the Netherlands 6608: 6452: 5934:descendants of Dutch people 5854:tallest people in the world 5830:33rd most densely populated 5477:Royal Netherlands Air Force 5388:Royal Netherlands Air Force 5338: 4409:Politics of the Netherlands 4328:ministers without portfolio 4226:The Netherlands has been a 4210:Politics of the Netherlands 4171:. They are located east of 3329:European Economic Community 3207:Netherlands in World War II 2975:inundating parts of Holland 2874:began with the founding of 2538:defeated the fleets of the 1834:(4300–2800 BC) erected the 1810:Indigenous late Mesolithic 1345:, as well as a part of the 1201:33rd most densely populated 10: 19311: 19260:Kingdom of the Netherlands 19118:Kingdom of the Netherlands 19108:Kingdom of the Netherlands 19098:Kingdom of the Netherlands 18907:Czechoslovakia (1991–1992) 18491: 18221: 17799:British Overseas Territory 17417:Countries and dependencies 16564:Kingdom of the Netherlands 16492:"Provinces of Netherlands" 16394:from UCB Libraries GovPubs 16308: 16120:(in Dutch). Archived from 16013:(in Dutch). Archived from 14942:Health Consumer Powerhouse 14845:God in Nederland 1966–2015 13721:. Global Footprint Network 13433:(in Dutch). Archived from 12859:(in Dutch). Archived from 12476:10.1038/s41467-020-19493-3 11776:Geology of the Netherlands 11599:10.36019/9781978818705-008 11583:Grommé, Francisca (2021). 11285:The Art of Staying Neutral 10947:. CRC Press. p. 151. 10223:, 15th edition, 22:641–642 8547:Outline of the Netherlands 8505:(a roll with a sausage of 8290: 8286: 8101: 7901: 7755:dialect singing folk band 7595: 7546: 7461:Dutch Baroque architecture 7280: 7272:Culture of the Netherlands 7269: 7265: 7141:Rotterdam Centraal station 7131:Cycling in the Netherlands 7128: 7124: 7046: 7017:Health Consumer Powerhouse 7006:Euro Health Consumer Index 6974: 6907: 6716:The southern provinces of 6612: 6456: 6120: 6067: 5986: 5828:country in Europe and the 5826:6th most densely populated 5813: 5507:Economy of the Netherlands 5504: 5500: 5342: 5251: 4536: 4402: 4207: 4134:Within this island group: 4049: 4014:World Wide Fund for Nature 3924: 3905:, which created mandatory 3862: 3782: 3631: 3624:are built on these hills. 3562:Geology of the Netherlands 3559: 3555: 3411: 3203:Netherlands in World War I 3196: 3053:and the supporters of the 3042:Kingdom of the Netherlands 3023: 2937:, and the first full-time 2704: 2701:Dutch Republic (1581–1795) 2428: 2338: 2291:in the south. Around 850, 2120: 2048:Battle of Teutoburg Forest 1891: 1799:(c. 8000 BC), the world's 1780:(13,000–10,000 BC) hunted 1738:The Netherlands in 5500 BC 1720: 1717:Prehistory (before 800 BC) 1712:History of the Netherlands 1709: 1705: 1523: 1368: 1266:. The Netherlands allowed 1113:Kingdom of the Netherlands 1099:, is a country located in 738:887 m (2,910 ft) 271:Kingdom of the Netherlands 40: 32:Kingdom of the Netherlands 29: 19148: 19127: 19086: 19055: 19002: 18991: 18970: 18899: 18853: 18610: 18549: 18489: 18334: 18323: 18276: 18219: 18208: 18067: 17968: 17924: 17899: 17874: 17861: 17808: 17784: 17777: 17754: 17741: 17699: 17688: 17427: 17383: 17378:Links to related articles 17341: 17190: 17181: 17144: 17091: 17082: 16926: 16917: 16890:Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta 16820: 16811: 16634:Development urban centers 16570: 16560: 15761:10.1007/s10708-007-9085-9 13557:. Reuters. Archived from 13251:WIPO (12 December 2023). 13041:"2024 Global Peace Index" 12582:10.1007/s10584-011-0254-y 11762:Dutch Society and Culture 11045:. Retrieved 3 August 2017 10779:Nolan, Cathal J. (2006). 10651:. McFarland. p. 16. 10145:19 September 2009 at the 9764:"The BBC News Styleguide" 9542:Columbia University Press 8202:Netherlands baseball team 8149:was established in 1912. 8097: 8063:, founded by Dutch media 8003:, and documentary makers 7904:Cinema of the Netherlands 7291:Dutch-language literature 7098: 6877:, and two small parties, 6754:a smaller Lutheran Church 5943:is the country's largest 5694: 5579:), electronic machinery ( 5314:international development 5231: 5075: 5054: 5020: 4822: 4788: 4713: 4638: 4577:Within the Dutch town of 4543:Public body (Netherlands) 4367:. The 150 members of the 3990:, formerly the northeast 3920: 3907:climate change mitigation 3899:climate change litigation 3627: 3515:Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta 3265:Dutch government-in-exile 3242:were transported to Nazi 3010:French Revolutionary Wars 2263:(romantic 1912 depiction) 2241:. However, his successor 1910:From 800 BC onwards, the 1534:has frequently been used 1070: 1056: 1046: 1013: 980: 952: 923: 898: 879: 860: 846: 827: 808: 790: 776: 766: 747: 742: 727: 717: 703: 698: 685: 678: 663: 648: 638: 634: 619: 604: 600: 587: 575: 537: 476: 438: 408: 398: 388: 344: 334: 324: 314: 306: 296: 286: 276: 264: 207: 155: 124: 94: 85: 63: 16410:templates for discussion 15721:architecture-history.org 15066:"Expat health insurance" 14965:. Reuters. 23 June 2010. 14658:10.1177/0021140019872340 14372:CIA – The World Factbook 13759:10.3390/resources7030058 11904:. sdu.nl. Archived from 11878:. sdu.nl. Archived from 11043:World History in Context 11000:Bengal: the unique state 10501:Atlas of Medieval Europe 10338:, vol. I, pp. 51–52, 151 10334:Previté-Orton, Charles, 10245:Het verhaal van een taal 10121:Louwe Kooijmans, L.P., " 8552: 8432:and typical whole-grain 8279:kickboxers have won the 8218:World Grand Prix in 2007 8104:Sport in the Netherlands 8090:in 2015, and again with 7598:Music of the Netherlands 7591: 7365:Pieter Bruegel the Elder 7313:Pieter Bruegel the Elder 5618:Amsterdam Stock Exchange 5594:The Netherlands has the 5483:Koninklijke Marechaussee 5429:, and it was engaged in 5421:, it held a province in 5289:. According to the 2024 4518:Administrative divisions 4369:House of Representatives 3305:Curaçao and Dependencies 3299:. The Dutch colonies of 3151:Grand Duke of Luxembourg 3124:Dutch West India Company 3120:Dutch East India Company 2870:all over the world. The 2860:Dutch West India Company 2856:Dutch East India Company 2720:Dutch East India Company 2528:House of Valois-Burgundy 1851:Seine-Oise-Marne culture 1655: 1580:for the entire country. 1315:fourth busiest in Europe 1189:Dutch West India Company 1185:Dutch East India Company 689:Netherlands constituency 673:House of Representatives 336:Caribbean reorganisation 216:Netherlands on the globe 18917:Saar (assoc. 1950–1956) 18567:Parliamentary Assembly 18562:Committee of Ministers 17955:British-Irish Agreement 16197:. New York: Reuters U.S 15918:"Amsterdam Dance Event" 15829:quoted in Fred Feddes, 14639:De Groot, Kees (2019). 14419:"European Union survey" 14164:28 January 2012 at the 14157:Vasileva, Katya (2011) 13461:parlementairemonitor.nl 13179:5 February 2011 at the 13015:"Caribbean Netherlands" 12808:(in Dutch). 2 July 2024 12322:"Over Natuurmonumenten" 12026:10.1111/1539-6924.00338 11697:The Depositional Record 11656:"Milieurekeningen 2008" 11455:Encyclopedia Britannica 11429:Encyclopedia Britannica 11233:Encyclopedia Britannica 11207:Encyclopedia Britannica 11182:Encyclopedia Britannica 10921:Encyclopedia Britannica 10841:Encyclopedia Britannica 10759:Encyclopedia Britannica 10585:Encyclopedia Britannica 10560:Encyclopedia Britannica 10534:Encyclopedia Britannica 10418:Bazelmans, Jos (2009). 10279:27 October 2016 at the 10063:10.1073/pnas.1112261109 9797:"Nederland of Holland?" 9744:. London. 12 April 2008 9715:(in Dutch). 11 May 2016 9709:"Nederland vs. Holland" 9234:Encyclopedia Britannica 9209:Encyclopedia Britannica 8848:(in English and Dutch). 8304:with beef stew on plate 8120:during a game with the 7869:Eurovision Song Contest 7799:Since the 1990s, Dutch 7515:single-celled organisms 7511:Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 7449:Romanesque architecture 7434:Willem Frederik Hermans 6987:Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 5792:Dutch farmers' protests 5739:. Thanks to increasing 5575:), petroleum refining ( 5539:down from 2nd in 2018. 5537:Global Innovation Index 4434:Social-Economic Council 4430:employers organisations 4280:King of the Netherlands 4240:V-Dem Democracy indices 4232:parliamentary democracy 4228:constitutional monarchy 4204:Government and politics 4191:. The highest point is 3970:in the north, with its 3852:Room for the River plan 3836:It is anticipated that 3707:through turf dredging. 3652:Christmas Flood of 1717 3536:river, discharges into 3169:prevented his daughter 3137:. Two years later, the 2924:Proto-industrialisation 2922:. During the period of 2774:, was headquartered in 2413:was fought over in the 2325:Godfrid, Duke of Frisia 2062:. In the first part of 1797:Maglemosian-like tribes 1788:(11,200–9,500 BC) used 1700:West Germanic languages 1444: 1438: 1428: 1422: 1416: 1410: 1404: 1398: 1240:constitutional monarchy 768:• 2011 census 595:constitutional monarchy 18650:Bosnia and Herzegovina 17791:(Sovereign Base Areas) 17472:Bosnia and Herzegovina 17237:Decorations and medals 16686:Burgundian Netherlands 16485:Statistics Netherlands 15342:"Holland Publications" 15162:. The World Bank. 2014 14824:. der Verdieping Trouw 14698:"Feestdagen Nederland" 14561:(in English and Dutch) 14489:20 August 2016 at the 14081:Fogel, Robert (2004). 13981:Statistics Netherlands 13956:Statistics Netherlands 13696:. EU Science Hub. 2018 11252:Finkelman and Miller, 11061:London Review of Books 10941:Junie T. Tong (2016). 10477:Willemsen, A. (2009), 10464:3 October 2011 at the 9312:"Agriculture and food" 8942:Statistics Netherlands 8914:Statistics Netherlands 8702: 8501: 8305: 8154:national football team 8132: 8086:. Endemol merged with 7801:electronic dance music 7668: 7647:George Baker Selection 7580: 7164:dedicated cycle tracks 7160:Cycling infrastructure 7143: 7105: 7100:Nederlandse Spoorwegen 7073: 7001: 6990: 6931: 6812:Bosnia and Herzegovina 6683:Statistics Netherlands 6468: 6022:Statistics Netherlands 5929:foreign-born residents 5920: 5900:41,000-45,000 and the 5788:agricultural pollution 5757:2019 Climate Agreement 5737:carbon-neutral economy 5720: 5704: 5660: 5555:, financial services ( 5520: 5473:Koninklijke Luchtmacht 5467:Royal Netherlands Army 5457:Royal Netherlands Navy 5368:Royal Netherlands Navy 5278: 5232:Caribbean Netherlands 5108:special municipalities 4534: 4428:Both trade unions and 4425: 4223: 4131: 4022:Atlantic mixed forests 3947: 3875:reclaimed from the sea 3810: 3695: 3655: 3423: 3397:special municipalities 3248:civilians who resisted 3223: 3127: 2947:asset-inflation bubble 2839: 2824: 2731: 2668:Spanish troops sacked 2665: 2584: 2431:Burgundian Netherlands 2350: 2264: 2239:Archdiocese of Utrecht 2193:and their language as 2173:, the closely related 2136: 1995: 1824:Linear Pottery culture 1633:below the great rivers 1493: 1147:. Dutch, English, and 871:$ 1.143 trillion ( 819:$ 1.329 trillion ( 728:Highest elevation 593:Unitary parliamentary 161: 131: 69: 34:. For other uses, see 19270:Member states of NATO 18577:Court of Human Rights 18224:Potential enlargement 17818:Bailiwick of Guernsey 17789:Akrotiri and Dhekelia 17232:Customs and etiquette 16467:International Futures 15695:"Saba Island Airport" 14615:Creationism in Europe 14097:"Expats in Nederland" 13776:. EU parliament. 2017 12456:Nature Communications 12384:10.1093/biosci/bix014 12346:World Heritage Centre 12085:"Going With the Flow" 12068:2 August 2010 at the 11760:Welschen, Ad: Course 10606:Motley, John (1859). 9983:Mallory, J. P.; 9537:Columbia Encyclopedia 9455:"General Information" 9400:Chapter 2, Article 32 9059:"Wet geldstelsel BES" 8707:[ˈneːdərlɑnt] 8687:Caribbean Netherlands 8640:Caribbean Netherlands 8489:from Limburg and the 8420:, while the adjacent 8300: 8206:European championship 8186:women's national team 8184:(#36) are Dutch. The 8162:European Championship 8156:was runner-up in the 8111: 7861:Amsterdam Dance Event 7747:, country pop singer 7663: 7574: 7563:international affairs 7561:, and involvement in 7497:(1629–95) discovered 7413:Diary of a Young Girl 7331:by Brabantine artist 7311:by Brabantine artist 7223:international airport 7138: 7095: 7084:emissions in the EU. 7065: 7025:general practitioners 6997:A public hospital in 6996: 6984: 6925: 6746:Dutch Reformed Church 6466: 5914: 5710: 5702: 5655:(dark blue), and the 5650: 5642:Caribbean Netherlands 5514: 5495:Korps Commandotroepen 5463:Koninklijke Landmacht 5306:Atlantic co-operation 5265: 5096:Caribbean Netherlands 4525: 4416: 4217: 4149:island chain off the 4126: 4102:Saint Kitts and Nevis 4086:Caribbean Netherlands 4064:Caribbean Netherlands 3934: 3925:Further information: 3796: 3693: 3661:On 14 December 1287, 3649: 3513:of these rivers, the 3428:Caribbean Netherlands 3421: 3412:Further information: 3402:Caribbean Netherlands 3279:, the Dutch fought a 3214: 3116:Dutch colonial empire 3113: 3075:, modelled after the 2982:William III of Orange 2830: 2812: 2718: 2655: 2579: 2348: 2251: 2201:(650–734) under King 2134: 1993: 1209:intensive agriculture 1153:Caribbean territories 1127:to the south, with a 1015: • Summer ( 719:• Water (%) 51:Nederland, Overijssel 19049:Dutch Language Union 17267:Orders of knighthood 16900:World Heritage Sites 16803:Coronavirus pandemic 16793:European debt crisis 16766:Dutch Liberation Day 16691:Habsburg Netherlands 16124:on 25 September 2008 16118:"Sport in Nederland" 15352:on 24 September 2015 14871:. NOS. 13 March 2016 14508:3 April 2023 at the 14273:on 30 September 2015 14233:Library of Congress. 14004:Gapminder Foundation 13631:on 21 December 2016. 12667:Buruma, Ybo (2007). 11834:. 20 September 2021. 11593:. pp. 101–117. 10997:Nanda, J. N (2005). 9906:vlaamswoordenboek.be 9639:Van der Lem, Anton. 8666:Netherlands Antilles 8602:Having ratified the 8281:K-1 World Grand Prix 8237:1979 Vuelta a Espana 8229:Winter Olympic Games 8225:Summer Olympic Games 7874:In classical music, 7400:Joost van den Vondel 7239:Royal Schiphol Group 6806:. During the 1990s, 6691:Humanistisch Verbond 5779:ecological footprint 5777:biocapacity - their 5685:World Economic Forum 5679:and Eastern Europe. 5425:after the defeat of 5310:European integration 5283:Dutch foreign policy 4316:Council of Ministers 4236:consociational state 4026:anthropogenic heaths 3980:biological diversity 3732:hoogheemraadschappen 3728:("water boards") or 3505:), as well as their 3376:Netherlands Antilles 3364:environmental issues 3321:European Communities 3253:joined the Waffen SS 3234:on 10 May 1940. The 3065:revolutionary France 2945:, the world's first 2804:Southern Netherlands 2506:Adriaen Thomasz. Key 2446:Habsburg Netherlands 2435:Habsburg Netherlands 2287:in the north to the 1958:Weser–Rhine Germanic 1832:Funnelbeaker culture 1765:. At the end of the 1481:les pays de par deçà 1359:international courts 1195:all over the world. 1171:, are the result of 1151:are official in the 1105:overseas territories 494:8.4% other Europeans 440:Recognised languages 19255:Countries in Europe 19212: / 17911:unincorporated area 17840:Bailiwick of Jersey 17702:States with limited 16875:Mountains and hills 16726:Batavian Revolution 16706:Spanish Netherlands 16701:Seventeen Provinces 16429:Netherlands profile 16066:. Routledge; 2013. 15752:2007GeoJo..68..293V 15675:on 6 September 2021 14983:on 10 January 2012. 14602:, pp. 361–395. 14401:22 May 2012 at the 14103:on 19 October 2014. 13579:on 10 December 2014 13533:on 15 February 2009 13382:on 3 September 2019 13263:10.34667/tind.46596 13163:. 11 February 2019. 12965:. 15 September 2022 12832:CBS Classifications 12574:2012ClCh..112..819B 12468:2020NatCo..11.5978G 12228:. 20 December 2019. 12210:. 20 December 2019. 12018:2003RiskA..23..575T 11908:on 26 December 2007 11709:2019DepRe...5...84D 11672:on 15 February 2010 11533:. 26 September 2012 11322:. kampwesterbork.nl 11178:"History of France" 11130:, pp. 985–986. 10274:"Germania Inferior" 10260:, 1986, pp. 183–212 10054:2012PNAS..109.1889R 9776:on 27 February 2012 9742:The Daily Telegraph 8249:1968 Tour de France 8241:1980 Tour de France 7898:Film and television 7559:rich history in art 7453:Gothic architecture 7010:health care systems 6526:in the province of 5713:Groningen gas field 5669:international trade 5100:openbare lichamen ( 4549:King's Commissioner 4464:Christian Democrats 4283:since 30 April 2013 4127:Underwater life of 4110:U.S. Virgin Islands 4012:. According to the 4006:Circumboreal Region 4002:Phytogeographically 3960:nature conservation 3667:St. Elizabeth flood 3273:First Canadian Army 3244:extermination camps 3085:William V of Orange 3002:Spanish Netherlands 2890:plains, among them 2623:Don Juan of Austria 2567:Seventeen Provinces 2439:Spanish Netherlands 2223:Battle of the Boarn 2101:Julian the Apostate 2006:was the geographer 1928:King's grave of Oss 1866:Bell Beaker culture 1855:Vlaardingen culture 1816:Swifterbant culture 1396:. Place names with 1349:and the trilateral 1254:, having legalised 1101:Northwestern Europe 680:European Parliament 453:Dutch Sign Language 369: / 307:Kingdom established 281:Spanish Netherlands 277:Before independence 257: (light green) 178:"William of Nassau" 88:Constituent country 43:Nederland, Colorado 19005:Benelux Parliament 18912:Russia (1996–2022) 18364:provisional member 18278:EFTA member states 17810:Crown Dependencies 17126:Telecommunications 16736:Kingdom of Holland 16179:Sports Illustrated 16042:The New York Times 15942:. 12 October 2012. 15871:on 10 October 2017 15697:. 25 February 2018 15616:. 9 January 2017. 15427:"CROW Fietsberaad" 15140:on 17 January 2013 14923:. 26 January 2022. 14754:on 25 January 2007 14683:. 15 October 2010. 14435:on 28 January 2007 14348:. rijksoverheid.nl 13993:Max Roser (2014). 13860:. 16 January 2015. 13806:on 10 October 2017 13561:on 1 January 2016. 13437:on 5 December 2008 12863:on 3 November 2013 12857:"De waterschappen" 12637:. 2023. p. 3. 12090:The New York Times 11978:on 22 October 2007 11502:"Member countries" 11403:Universal Newsreel 11343:on 2 December 2015 11312:on 7 December 2004 11057:"Japan Goes Dutch" 10896:on 14 January 2012 10837:"History of Spain" 10810:History of England 10202:on 10 October 2017 10127:Spiegel Historiael 9676:on 27 October 2016 9647:on 10 October 2017 9566:. 5 September 2013 9394:Dutch Wikisource. 8910:"Bevolkingsteller" 8539:Netherlands portal 8306: 8257:2017 Giro d'Italia 8133: 7934:Soldaat van Oranje 7857:DJ Mag Top 100 DJs 7784:Get Ready for This 7669: 7665:Johan Cruyff Arena 7581: 7579:in Amsterdam, 2017 7543:Dutch value system 7495:Christiaan Huygens 7385:Jacob van Ruisdael 7308:The Tower of Babel 7144: 7106: 7074: 7002: 6991: 6932: 6928:Utrecht University 6891:Ascension of Jesus 6774:Ascension of Jesus 6668: Other (5.1%) 6469: 5921: 5864:The country has a 5846:oldest populations 5721: 5717:natural-gas fields 5705: 5661: 5521: 5487:Royal Marechaussee 5453:Koninklijke Marine 5402:Treaty of Brussels 5291:Global Peace Index 5279: 4535: 4533:of the Netherlands 4496:a general election 4494:was the winner of 4456:coalition cabinets 4426: 4365:legislative powers 4337:primus inter pares 4257:, at present King 4224: 4132: 4040:Nitrogen pollution 3948: 3811: 3696: 3656: 3424: 3374:, and in 2010 the 3370:was introduced as 3271:. In 1944–45, the 3224: 3182:Cultivation System 3143:United Netherlands 3139:Congress of Vienna 3128: 3122:; dark green: the 3093:Napoleon Bonaparte 3089:Kingdom of Holland 3030:Kingdom of Holland 2840: 2825: 2732: 2666: 2639:defeat at Gembloux 2465:Battle of Mühlberg 2351: 2269:Carolingian empire 2265: 2137: 2088:Batavian rebellion 1996: 1939:North Sea Germanic 1786:Ahrensburg culture 1775:Upper Palaeolithic 1757:The oldest human ( 1540:refer to the whole 1434:Germanic languages 856:2024 estimate 804:2024 estimate 478:Ethnic groups 411:Regional languages 399:Official languages 19195: 19194: 19189: 19188: 19161:Dutch orthography 19015: 19014: 18930: 18929: 18597:Venice Commission 18557:Secretary General 18543:Council of Europe 18509: 18508: 18367: 18318: 18306: 18294: 18235: 18234: 18023: 18022: 17964: 17963: 17886:autonomous region 17857: 17856: 17853: 17852: 17370: 17369: 17337: 17336: 17177: 17176: 17078: 17077: 17055:Political parties 16991:Foreign relations 16913: 16912: 16783:Same-sex marriage 16731:Batavian Republic 16711:Eighty Years' War 16681:Holy Roman Empire 16376:978-90-446-3871-4 16327:978-1-909662-22-3 16271:978-0-470-00955-0 16154:on 12 August 2007 16072:978-1-135-24977-9 16011:Elsevier Weekblad 15204:978-3-319-96526-0 14854:978-90-259-0524-8 14778:978-90-5589-248-8 14589:978-1-84545-272-8 14000:Our World In Data 13543:. ez.amsterdam.nl 13321:10.18352/tseg.916 13200:on 11 August 2011 12883:"Mijn waterschap" 12735:978-90-04-35395-4 12673:Crime and Justice 11882:on 6 January 2008 11789:978-90-6984-481-7 11608:978-1-9788-1870-5 11293:978-90-5356-818-7 11163:978-3-030-66658-3 11104:Van Nimwegen 2020 11090:978-1-4422-5593-7 11009:978-81-8069-149-2 10984:978-0-19-516520-3 10954:978-1-317-13522-7 10874:978-1-316-34248-0 10694:Arnade, Peter J. 10658:978-0-7864-7470-7 10515:978-0-415-01923-1 10487:978-90-5730-627-3 10440:on 30 August 2017 10433:978-90-8964-078-9 10399:978-1-84545-272-8 10293:Lendering, Jona. 10272:Lendering, Jona, 10170:978-90-8890-084-6 9985:Adams, D. Q. 9625:978-0-521-34536-1 9598:978-0-8122-0070-6 9517:978-90-6704-185-0 9461:on 5 October 2013 9322:on 1 January 2016 9190:978-0-7614-7323-7 9109:on 19 August 2014 8642:and replaced the 8188:was runner-up in 8072:Joop van den Ende 8042:Carice van Houten 8034:Theo van de Sande 8030:Hoyte van Hoytema 7929:Soldier of Orange 7774:came together in 7701:Within Temptation 7555:cultural heritage 7457:Brabantine Gothic 7176:Port of Rotterdam 7078:electric vehicles 7015:According to the 6832:Islamic extremism 6726:cultural identity 6518:in the region of 6449: 6448: 5772:The Netherlands' 5745:renewable sources 5741:energy efficiency 5665:Port of Rotterdam 5517:Our World in Data 5384:F-35 Lightning II 5318:international law 5248:Foreign relations 5245: 5244: 5092: 5091: 4581:, are 22 Belgian 4572:hoogheemraadschap 4488:Party for Freedom 4399:Political culture 4385:States Provincial 4375:, are elected in 4363:, which also has 4324:state secretaries 4303:since 2 July 2024 4230:since 1815 and a 4046:Caribbean islands 3663:St. Lucia's flood 3530:de Grote Rivieren 3438:, and longitudes 3131:William Frederick 3105:Battle of Leipzig 3073:Batavian Republic 3069:Dutch republicans 3026:Batavian Republic 2986:Anthonie Heinsius 2904:Dutch East Indies 2892:Colony of Surinam 2821:Hendrick Avercamp 2784:Eighty Years' War 2768:States-Provincial 2674:Act of Abjuration 2631:Treaty of Bristol 2571:Eighty Years' War 2536:County of Holland 2415:Hook and Cod Wars 2355:Holy Roman Empire 2329:Gerolf of Holland 2317:Lower Lotharingia 2297:Rorik of Dorestad 2253:Rorik of Dorestad 2072:Germania Inferior 2018:was conquered by 1920:Hilversum culture 1916:Hallstatt culture 1882:Hilversum culture 1820:Ertebølle culture 1568:Eighty Years' War 1556:County of Holland 1518:Romance languages 1477:Dukes of Burgundy 1462:Germania Superior 1458:Germania Inferior 1450:Romance languages 1319:developed country 1303:busiest in Europe 1299:Port of Rotterdam 1272:same-sex marriage 1244:unitary structure 1177:Republican period 1086: 1085: 881:• Per capita 829:• Per capita 288:Act of Abjuration 199: 148:"I will maintain" 16:(Redirected from 19302: 19227: 19226: 19224: 19223: 19222: 19217: 19213: 19210: 19209: 19208: 19205: 19171:Flemish language 19166:Dutch dictionary 19042: 19035: 19028: 19019: 19018: 18997: 18957: 18950: 18943: 18934: 18933: 18536: 18529: 18522: 18513: 18512: 18361: 18336:EU member states 18329: 18312: 18300: 18288: 18262: 18255: 18248: 18239: 18238: 18214: 18050: 18043: 18036: 18027: 18026: 18011: 17999: 17998: 17985:Governed by the 17947:Northern Ireland 17890:Åland convention 17872: 17871: 17782: 17781: 17752: 17751: 17694: 17429:Sovereign states 17410: 17403: 17396: 17387: 17386: 17374: 17373: 17350: 17188: 17187: 17159:Public transport 17089: 17088: 16924: 16923: 16818: 16817: 16644:Frankish Kingdom 16607:Migration Period 16546: 16539: 16532: 16523: 16522: 16499: 16451: 16450: 16441: 16440: 16380: 16357: 16336:Israel, Jonathan 16331: 16302: 16301: 16290: 16284: 16283: 16259: 16249: 16243: 16242: 16240: 16238: 16233:on 8 August 2019 16232: 16221: 16213: 16207: 16206: 16204: 16202: 16190: 16184: 16183: 16170: 16164: 16163: 16161: 16159: 16140: 16134: 16133: 16131: 16129: 16114: 16108: 16107: 16099: 16093: 16092: 16081: 16075: 16059: 16053: 16052: 16050: 16048: 16033: 16027: 16026: 16024: 16022: 16002: 15996: 15995: 15992:Evening Standard 15983: 15977: 15976: 15969: 15963: 15962: 15959:The New European 15950: 15944: 15943: 15940:Dutch Daily News 15932: 15926: 15925: 15914: 15908: 15907: 15905: 15903: 15887: 15881: 15880: 15878: 15876: 15856: 15850: 15847: 15841: 15827: 15821: 15820: 15792: 15783: 15780: 15774: 15773: 15763: 15731: 15725: 15724: 15713: 15707: 15706: 15704: 15702: 15691: 15685: 15684: 15682: 15680: 15671:. Archived from 15661: 15655: 15654: 15652: 15650: 15636: 15630: 15629: 15627: 15625: 15602: 15596: 15595: 15593: 15591: 15576: 15570: 15569: 15567: 15565: 15551: 15545: 15544: 15542: 15540: 15526: 15520: 15519: 15517: 15515: 15508:Seaport Magazine 15500: 15494: 15493: 15491: 15489: 15479: 15471: 15465: 15464: 15463:. 20 April 2023. 15453: 15447: 15446: 15444: 15442: 15433:. Archived from 15423: 15417: 15416: 15415:on 14 July 2014. 15411:. Archived from 15405: 15399: 15398: 15387: 15381: 15380: 15368: 15362: 15361: 15359: 15357: 15348:. Archived from 15346:hollandtrade.com 15337: 15331: 15330: 15328: 15326: 15311: 15305: 15304: 15302: 15300: 15285: 15279: 15278: 15276: 15274: 15269:. September 2019 15264: 15256: 15250: 15249: 15247: 15245: 15230: 15224: 15223: 15221: 15219: 15178: 15172: 15171: 15169: 15167: 15156: 15150: 15149: 15147: 15145: 15139: 15128: 15119: 15106: 15105: 15103: 15101: 15096:on 15 April 2010 15095: 15088: 15080: 15074: 15073: 15062: 15056: 15055: 15053: 15051: 15036: 15030: 15029: 15027: 15025: 15014: 15003: 15000: 14994: 14991: 14985: 14984: 14979:. Archived from 14973: 14967: 14966: 14959: 14953: 14952: 14950: 14948: 14934: 14925: 14924: 14913: 14907: 14906: 14904: 14902: 14895:Rijksoverheid.nl 14887: 14881: 14880: 14878: 14876: 14865: 14859: 14858: 14840: 14834: 14833: 14831: 14829: 14813: 14807: 14806: 14804: 14802: 14787: 14781: 14770: 14764: 14763: 14761: 14759: 14753: 14747:. Archived from 14746: 14738: 14732: 14731: 14729: 14727: 14716: 14710: 14709: 14707: 14705: 14694: 14685: 14684: 14677: 14671: 14670: 14660: 14636: 14630: 14629: 14609: 14603: 14597: 14591: 14577: 14571: 14570: 14568: 14566: 14551: 14540: 14539: 14537: 14535: 14528:rijksoverheid.nl 14519: 14513: 14500: 14494: 14481: 14475: 14474: 14472: 14470: 14465:on 29 April 2011 14451: 14445: 14444: 14442: 14440: 14434: 14428:. Archived from 14423: 14415: 14409: 14392: 14383: 14382: 14380: 14378: 14364: 14358: 14357: 14355: 14353: 14342: 14336: 14335: 14333: 14331: 14320: 14314: 14307: 14301: 14300: 14289: 14283: 14282: 14280: 14278: 14269:. Archived from 14259: 14253: 14252: 14241: 14235: 14226: 14220: 14219: 14217: 14215: 14210:on 28 April 2011 14199: 14193: 14188: 14182: 14175: 14169: 14155: 14149: 14148: 14141: 14135: 14134: 14132: 14130: 14121:. Archived from 14111: 14105: 14104: 14099:. Archived from 14093: 14087: 14086: 14078: 14072: 14071: 14069: 14067: 14056: 14050: 14049: 14047: 14045: 14027: 14021: 14020: 14018: 14016: 14011:on 7 August 2018 14007:. Archived from 13990: 13984: 13974: 13968: 13967: 13965: 13963: 13958:. 4 January 2024 13948: 13942: 13941: 13939: 13937: 13931: 13924: 13916: 13907: 13906: 13904: 13902: 13887: 13881: 13880: 13868: 13862: 13861: 13854: 13848: 13847: 13845: 13843: 13829: 13822: 13816: 13815: 13813: 13811: 13802:. Archived from 13800:Hollandalumni.nl 13792: 13786: 13785: 13783: 13781: 13770: 13764: 13763: 13761: 13737: 13731: 13730: 13728: 13726: 13719:"Country Trends" 13715: 13706: 13705: 13703: 13701: 13690: 13684: 13679: 13674: 13668: 13660: 13654: 13653: 13647: 13639: 13633: 13632: 13615: 13606: 13605: 13603: 13595: 13589: 13588: 13586: 13584: 13569: 13563: 13562: 13550: 13544: 13542: 13540: 13538: 13529:. 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Archived from 12926: 12920: 12919: 12917: 12915: 12901: 12895: 12894: 12892: 12890: 12879: 12873: 12872: 12870: 12868: 12853: 12847: 12846: 12844: 12842: 12824: 12818: 12817: 12815: 12813: 12796: 12790: 12789: 12787: 12785: 12768: 12762: 12761: 12759: 12757: 12746: 12740: 12739: 12719: 12713: 12712: 12664: 12658: 12657: 12645: 12639: 12638: 12630: 12622: 12616: 12608: 12602: 12601: 12553: 12547: 12546: 12544: 12542: 12531: 12525: 12524: 12512: 12506: 12505: 12495: 12447: 12441: 12440: 12438: 12436: 12429:Natuurmonumenten 12421: 12415: 12414: 12404: 12386: 12362: 12356: 12355: 12353: 12351: 12336: 12330: 12329: 12326:Natuurmonumenten 12318: 12312: 12311: 12309: 12307: 12292: 12286: 12285: 12283: 12281: 12271: 12263: 12257: 12256: 12254: 12252: 12236: 12230: 12229: 12226:Associated Press 12218: 12212: 12211: 12200: 12194: 12193: 12191: 12189: 12167: 12160: 12151: 12150: 12148: 12146: 12132: 12126: 12125: 12123: 12112: 12106: 12105: 12103: 12101: 12087: 12079: 12073: 12060: 12054: 12053: 12003: 11994: 11988: 11987: 11985: 11983: 11974:. Archived from 11957: 11951: 11950: 11948: 11946: 11937:. Archived from 11934:The Boston Globe 11924: 11918: 11917: 11915: 11913: 11898: 11892: 11891: 11889: 11887: 11872: 11866: 11865: 11863: 11861: 11842: 11836: 11835: 11827: 11821: 11820: 11812: 11806: 11800: 11794: 11793: 11771: 11765: 11758: 11747: 11746: 11736: 11688: 11682: 11681: 11679: 11677: 11671: 11665:. Archived from 11660: 11652: 11646: 11645: 11643: 11641: 11628: 11619: 11613: 11612: 11580: 11574: 11573: 11571: 11569: 11549: 11543: 11542: 11540: 11538: 11523: 11514: 11513: 11511: 11509: 11498: 11492: 11491: 11489: 11487: 11482:. 4 January 2018 11472: 11466: 11465: 11463: 11461: 11447: 11441: 11440: 11438: 11436: 11421: 11415: 11414: 11412: 11410: 11393: 11387: 11381: 11375: 11374: 11372: 11370: 11359: 11353: 11352: 11350: 11348: 11339:. Archived from 11329: 11323: 11321: 11319: 11317: 11308:. Archived from 11302: 11296: 11281: 11275: 11274: 11263: 11257: 11250: 11244: 11243: 11241: 11239: 11225: 11219: 11218: 11216: 11214: 11199: 11193: 11192: 11190: 11188: 11174: 11168: 11167: 11137: 11131: 11125: 11119: 11113: 11107: 11101: 11095: 11094: 11074: 11065: 11064: 11052: 11046: 11039:John J. McCusker 11024: 11018: 11017: 10995: 10989: 10988: 10969:John L. Esposito 10965: 10959: 10958: 10938: 10932: 10931: 10929: 10927: 10913: 10907: 10906:Digital History. 10905: 10903: 10901: 10892:. Archived from 10886: 10880: 10878: 10858: 10852: 10851: 10849: 10847: 10833: 10827: 10826: 10819: 10813: 10806: 10800: 10791: 10785: 10784: 10776: 10770: 10769: 10767: 10765: 10751: 10745: 10736: 10730: 10729: 10721: 10715: 10714: 10706: 10700: 10699: 10691: 10685: 10684: 10676: 10670: 10669: 10667: 10665: 10642: 10636: 10635: 10632:necrometrics.com 10624: 10618: 10617: 10603: 10597: 10596: 10594: 10592: 10577: 10571: 10570: 10568: 10566: 10552: 10546: 10545: 10543: 10541: 10526: 10520: 10519: 10495: 10489: 10475: 10469: 10456: 10450: 10449: 10447: 10445: 10436:. Archived from 10415: 10404: 10403: 10383: 10377: 10376: 10348: 10339: 10332: 10323: 10316: 10310: 10309: 10307: 10305: 10290: 10284: 10270: 10261: 10254: 10248: 10241: 10224: 10218: 10212: 10211: 10209: 10207: 10201: 10190: 10184:Fokkens, Harry. 10181: 10175: 10174: 10156: 10150: 10136: 10130: 10119: 10113: 10112: 10100: 10094: 10093: 10083: 10065: 10048:(6): 1889–1894. 10033: 10027: 10024: 10018: 10016: 10014: 10012: 9980: 9974: 9973: 9971: 9969: 9954: 9945: 9944: 9942: 9940: 9926: 9917: 9916: 9914: 9912: 9898: 9892: 9891: 9889: 9887: 9881:Travel + Leisure 9872: 9866: 9865: 9863: 9861: 9845: 9839: 9838: 9836: 9834: 9819: 9813: 9812: 9810: 9808: 9792: 9786: 9785: 9783: 9781: 9775: 9769:. Archived from 9768: 9760: 9754: 9753: 9751: 9749: 9734: 9728: 9727: 9722: 9720: 9705: 9699: 9692: 9686: 9685: 9683: 9681: 9666: 9657: 9656: 9654: 9652: 9643:. Archived from 9636: 9630: 9629: 9609: 9603: 9602: 9582: 9576: 9575: 9573: 9571: 9560: 9554: 9553: 9551: 9549: 9528: 9522: 9521: 9509: 9499: 9493: 9492: 9490: 9488: 9477: 9471: 9470: 9468: 9466: 9457:. Archived from 9450: 9444: 9443: 9441: 9439: 9420: 9414: 9413: 9408: 9406: 9391: 9385: 9384: 9382: 9380: 9366: 9360: 9359: 9357: 9355: 9350:. September 2017 9345: 9338: 9332: 9331: 9329: 9327: 9318:. Archived from 9316:hollandtrade.com 9307: 9298: 9297: 9295: 9293: 9284: 9276: 9270: 9269: 9267: 9265: 9259:historyworld.net 9251: 9245: 9244: 9242: 9240: 9226: 9220: 9219: 9217: 9215: 9201: 9195: 9194: 9178: 9169: 9163: 9162: 9152: 9128: 9119: 9118: 9116: 9114: 9099: 9093: 9092: 9090: 9088: 9077: 9071: 9070: 9068: 9066: 9055: 9049: 9048: 9046: 9044: 9034: 9026: 9020: 9019: 9017: 9015: 8997: 8991: 8990: 8988: 8986: 8967: 8954: 8953: 8951: 8949: 8939: 8931: 8925: 8924: 8922: 8920: 8906: 8900: 8899: 8897: 8895: 8881: 8864: 8863: 8856: 8850: 8849: 8838: 8832: 8831: 8829: 8827: 8812: 8803: 8802: 8800: 8798: 8781: 8773: 8767: 8766: 8764: 8762: 8751: 8727: 8724: 8718: 8717: 8716: 8715: 8709: 8696: 8690: 8675: 8669: 8662: 8656: 8653: 8647: 8632: 8626: 8623: 8617: 8614: 8608: 8600: 8594: 8575: 8569: 8566: 8541: 8536: 8535: 8534: 8504: 8196:won 9 out of 15 8174:Marco van Basten 8118:Robin van Persie 8017:Mohammed Bouyeri 8011:. Film director 7880:Louis Andriessen 7849:Sander van Doorn 7805:Armin van Buuren 7765:Nick & Simon 7389:Vincent van Gogh 7377:Johannes Vermeer 7369:Dutch Golden Age 7361:Hieronymus Bosch 7345: 7333:Vincent van Gogh 7323: 7303: 7219:Schiphol Airport 7139:Bike passage at 7103: 7102: 7088:Public transport 7023:, comparable to 6736:church which is 6667: 6657: 6647: 6637: 6627: 6368:'s-Hertogenbosch 6135: 6125: 6082: 6072: 6018: 6010: 6003: 5996: 5984: 5983: 5971:in the province 5963:in the province 5951:in the province 5801:, tomatoes, and 5657:EU single market 5380: 5357: 5208: 5206: 5205: 5177: 5175: 5174: 5146: 5144: 5143: 5113: 5112: 5049: 5047: 5046: 5015: 5013: 5012: 4974: 4972: 4971: 4933: 4931: 4930: 4892: 4890: 4889: 4859:'s-Hertogenbosch 4851: 4849: 4848: 4817: 4815: 4814: 4783: 4781: 4780: 4742: 4740: 4739: 4708: 4706: 4705: 4667: 4665: 4664: 4633: 4631: 4630: 4592: 4591: 4472:Social Democrats 4441:social tolerance 4379:on the basis of 4377:direct elections 4359:parliament, the 4292: 4276:Willem-Alexander 4272: 4185:Windward Islands 4163:are part of the 4147:Leeward Antilles 4098:Saint Barthélemy 3964:Natuurmonumenten 3464:land reclamation 3220:German air raids 3171:Queen Wilhelmina 3135:Sovereign Prince 3004:, established a 2990:Forty Years' War 2967:Franco-Dutch War 2844:Dutch Golden Age 2788:Generality Lands 2691:Peace of Münster 2647:Union of Utrecht 2540:Hanseatic League 2494: 2482: 2456: 2411:Count of Holland 2289:Kingdom of Italy 2168:Migration Period 2149:Frankish kingdom 2123:Frankish Kingdom 2052:Limes Germanicus 2044:Germania Antiqua 1902:Germanic peoples 1870:copper artefacts 1853:—related to the 1828:animal husbandry 1826:the practice of 1812:hunter-gatherers 1747: 1735: 1572:Anglo-Dutch Wars 1496: 1447: 1441: 1431: 1425: 1419: 1413: 1407: 1401: 1353:Union. It hosts 1283:eleventh-highest 1279:advanced economy 1268:women's suffrage 1252:social tolerance 1207:, mild climate, 1181:Dutch Golden Age 1133:maritime borders 1123:to the east and 1117:twelve provinces 944: 943: 937: 936: 930: 919: 918: 912: 911: 905: 889: 888: 870: 869: 853: 837: 836: 818: 817: 801: 758:18,178,300 ( 757: 756: 614:Willem-Alexander 384: 383: 381: 380: 379: 374: 373:52.367°N 4.883°E 370: 367: 366: 365: 362: 347:and largest city 330:15 December 1954 298:Peace of Münster 240: 239:in the Caribbean 234: 227: 224: 217: 214: 201: 200: 174: 166: 144: 136: 113: 102: 80: 72: 61: 60: 47:Nederland, Texas 21: 19310: 19309: 19305: 19304: 19303: 19301: 19300: 19299: 19230: 19229: 19220: 19218: 19214: 19211: 19206: 19203: 19201: 19199: 19198: 19196: 19191: 19190: 19185: 19144: 19123: 19082: 19051: 19046: 19016: 19011: 19009:Flag of Benelux 18998: 18989: 18966: 18961: 18931: 18926: 18895: 18849: 18775:North Macedonia 18606: 18545: 18540: 18510: 18505: 18504: 18502:UK–EU relations 18498:CH–EU relations 18485: 18330: 18321: 18272: 18268:Members of the 18266: 18236: 18231: 18230: 18215: 18206: 18063: 18054: 18024: 18019: 17992: 17980:Oceanic islands 17960: 17953:subject to the 17920: 17915:Svalbard Treaty 17913:subject to the 17895: 17888:subject to the 17868: 17866: 17864: 17849: 17804: 17773: 17748: 17745: 17737: 17723:Northern Cyprus 17706: 17703: 17695: 17686: 17602:North Macedonia 17423: 17414: 17379: 17371: 17366: 17353: 17346: 17333: 17287:Public holidays 17173: 17140: 17074: 16909: 16905:Zuiderzee Works 16807: 16788:Great Recession 16667:Frisian Freedom 16639:Frisian Kingdom 16580:Germanic tribes 16566: 16556: 16550: 16490: 16448: 16438: 16413: 16388: 16383: 16377: 16354: 16328: 16311: 16306: 16305: 16292: 16291: 16287: 16272: 16250: 16246: 16236: 16234: 16230: 16219: 16215: 16214: 16210: 16200: 16198: 16191: 16187: 16172: 16171: 16167: 16157: 16155: 16142: 16141: 16137: 16127: 16125: 16116: 16115: 16111: 16100: 16096: 16083: 16082: 16078: 16060: 16056: 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13636: 13624:NRC Handelsblad 13617: 13616: 13609: 13601: 13597: 13596: 13592: 13582: 13580: 13571: 13570: 13566: 13551: 13547: 13536: 13534: 13525: 13524: 13520: 13510: 13508: 13503: 13502: 13498: 13488: 13486: 13479: 13475: 13465: 13463: 13455: 13454: 13450: 13440: 13438: 13429: 13428: 13424: 13414: 13412: 13404: 13400: 13399: 13395: 13385: 13383: 13379: 13372: 13368: 13367: 13363: 13353: 13351: 13343:Chai, Barbara. 13341: 13337: 13300: 13296: 13291: 13287: 13277: 13275: 13273: 13249: 13245: 13235: 13233: 13229: 13222: 13218: 13217: 13213: 13203: 13201: 13192: 13191: 13187: 13181:Wayback Machine 13172: 13168: 13155: 13154: 13150: 13105: 13101: 13092: 13091: 13087: 13078: 13077: 13073: 13063: 13061: 13056: 13055: 13051: 13043: 13039: 13038: 13034: 13024: 13022: 13019:City Population 13013: 13012: 13005: 12998: 12990: 12988: 12983: 12982: 12978: 12968: 12966: 12963:City Population 12957: 12956: 12949: 12939: 12937: 12928: 12927: 12923: 12913: 12911: 12903: 12902: 12898: 12888: 12886: 12881: 12880: 12876: 12866: 12864: 12855: 12854: 12850: 12840: 12838: 12826: 12825: 12821: 12811: 12809: 12798: 12797: 12793: 12783: 12781: 12770: 12769: 12765: 12755: 12753: 12748: 12747: 12743: 12736: 12720: 12716: 12665: 12661: 12646: 12642: 12628: 12624: 12623: 12619: 12609: 12605: 12562:Climatic Change 12554: 12550: 12540: 12538: 12533: 12532: 12528: 12513: 12509: 12448: 12444: 12434: 12432: 12423: 12422: 12418: 12363: 12359: 12349: 12347: 12338: 12337: 12333: 12320: 12319: 12315: 12305: 12303: 12294: 12293: 12289: 12279: 12277: 12269: 12265: 12264: 12260: 12250: 12248: 12237: 12233: 12220: 12219: 12215: 12202: 12201: 12197: 12187: 12185: 12162: 12161: 12154: 12144: 12142: 12134: 12133: 12129: 12121: 12113: 12109: 12099: 12097: 12080: 12076: 12070:Wayback Machine 12061: 12057: 12001: 11995: 11991: 11981: 11979: 11958: 11954: 11944: 11942: 11941:on 30 June 2006 11925: 11921: 11911: 11909: 11900: 11899: 11895: 11885: 11883: 11874: 11873: 11869: 11859: 11857: 11844: 11843: 11839: 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10910: 10899: 10897: 10888: 10887: 10883: 10875: 10859: 10855: 10845: 10843: 10835: 10834: 10830: 10821: 10820: 10816: 10807: 10803: 10792: 10788: 10777: 10773: 10763: 10761: 10753: 10752: 10748: 10737: 10733: 10722: 10718: 10707: 10703: 10692: 10688: 10677: 10673: 10663: 10661: 10659: 10643: 10639: 10626: 10625: 10621: 10604: 10600: 10590: 10588: 10579: 10578: 10574: 10564: 10562: 10554: 10553: 10549: 10539: 10537: 10528: 10527: 10523: 10516: 10496: 10492: 10476: 10472: 10466:Wayback Machine 10457: 10453: 10443: 10441: 10434: 10416: 10407: 10400: 10384: 10380: 10365: 10349: 10342: 10333: 10326: 10318:Roymans, Nico, 10317: 10313: 10303: 10301: 10291: 10287: 10281:Wayback Machine 10271: 10264: 10255: 10251: 10242: 10227: 10219: 10215: 10205: 10203: 10199: 10188: 10182: 10178: 10171: 10157: 10153: 10147:Wayback Machine 10137: 10133: 10129:33, pp. 423–428 10120: 10116: 10101: 10097: 10034: 10030: 10025: 10021: 10010: 10008: 10001: 9981: 9977: 9967: 9965: 9956: 9955: 9948: 9938: 9936: 9928: 9927: 9920: 9910: 9908: 9900: 9899: 9895: 9885: 9883: 9873: 9869: 9859: 9857: 9854:When in Holland 9846: 9842: 9832: 9830: 9821: 9820: 9816: 9806: 9804: 9793: 9789: 9779: 9777: 9773: 9766: 9762: 9761: 9757: 9747: 9745: 9736: 9735: 9731: 9718: 9716: 9707: 9706: 9702: 9693: 9689: 9679: 9677: 9668: 9667: 9660: 9650: 9648: 9637: 9633: 9626: 9610: 9606: 9599: 9583: 9579: 9569: 9567: 9562: 9561: 9557: 9547: 9545: 9530: 9529: 9525: 9518: 9500: 9496: 9486: 9484: 9479: 9478: 9474: 9464: 9462: 9451: 9447: 9437: 9435: 9434:on 3 March 2016 9422: 9421: 9417: 9404: 9402: 9392: 9388: 9378: 9376: 9368: 9367: 9363: 9353: 9351: 9340: 9339: 9335: 9325: 9323: 9308: 9301: 9291: 9289: 9287:Washington Post 9279:Reiley, Laura. 9277: 9273: 9263: 9261: 9253: 9252: 9248: 9238: 9236: 9228: 9227: 9223: 9213: 9211: 9203: 9202: 9198: 9191: 9171: 9170: 9166: 9150:10.1038/466170a 9129: 9122: 9112: 9110: 9101: 9100: 9096: 9086: 9084: 9079: 9078: 9074: 9064: 9062: 9057: 9056: 9052: 9042: 9040: 9032: 9028: 9027: 9023: 9013: 9011: 8999: 8998: 8994: 8984: 8982: 8981:. 16 April 2024 8969: 8968: 8957: 8947: 8945: 8937: 8933: 8932: 8928: 8918: 8916: 8908: 8907: 8903: 8893: 8891: 8883: 8882: 8867: 8858: 8857: 8853: 8840: 8839: 8835: 8825: 8823: 8820:opendata.cbs.nl 8814: 8813: 8806: 8796: 8794: 8779: 8775: 8774: 8770: 8760: 8758: 8753: 8752: 8741: 8736: 8731: 8730: 8725: 8721: 8711: 8710: 8697: 8693: 8676: 8672: 8663: 8659: 8654: 8650: 8633: 8629: 8624: 8620: 8615: 8611: 8601: 8597: 8576: 8572: 8567: 8560: 8555: 8537: 8532: 8530: 8527: 8383:, a high proof 8315:global cuisines 8295: 8289: 8263:, the youngest 8227:and 110 at the 8106: 8100: 8083:Deal or No Deal 8001:Fons Rademakers 7919:Turkish Delight 7910: 7902:Main articles: 7900: 7788:rap and hip hop 7741:metal festivals 7713:Hail of Bullets 7707:and pop singer 7673:symphonic metal 7604: 7596:Main articles: 7594: 7551: 7545: 7357: 7356: 7355: 7354: 7353: 7346: 7337: 7336: 7335: 7324: 7316: 7315: 7304: 7293: 7281:Main articles: 7279: 7274: 7268: 7233:, the nation's 7216: 7208:inland shipping 7172: 7170:Water transport 7133: 7127: 7090: 7083: 7060: 7051: 7045: 6979: 6973: 6961:doctoral degree 6912: 6906: 6843:Indo-Surinamese 6808:Muslim refugees 6784:migrant workers 6672: 6671: 6670: 6669: 6665: 6663: 6655: 6653: 6645: 6643: 6635: 6633: 6625: 6617: 6611: 6550:Romani language 6486:Besides Dutch, 6461: 6455: 6450: 6136: 6130: 6126: 6083: 6077: 6073: 6025: 6024: 6019: 6016: 6014: 5989: 5850:Life expectancy 5822: 5814:Main articles: 5812: 5770: 5697: 5673:migrant workers 5620:(AEX), part of 5509: 5503: 5394: 5393: 5392: 5391: 5390: 5381: 5372: 5371: 5370: 5358: 5347: 5341: 5281:The history of 5260: 5252:Main articles: 5250: 5218: 5203: 5201: 5187: 5172: 5170: 5156: 5141: 5139: 5133: 5128: 5123: 5059: 5044: 5042: 5025: 5010: 5008: 4991: 4984: 4969: 4967: 4950: 4943: 4928: 4926: 4909: 4902: 4887: 4885: 4868: 4861: 4846: 4844: 4827: 4812: 4810: 4793: 4778: 4776: 4759: 4752: 4737: 4735: 4718: 4703: 4701: 4684: 4677: 4662: 4660: 4643: 4628: 4626: 4620: 4615: 4610: 4605: 4545: 4537:Main articles: 4520: 4482:(currently the 4474:(currently the 4466:(currently the 4411: 4403:Main articles: 4401: 4351:The cabinet is 4312:executive power 4308: 4307: 4306: 4305: 4304: 4302: 4298: 4293: 4285: 4284: 4282: 4278: 4273: 4212: 4206: 4169:Leeward Islands 4141:is part of the 4070:Lesser Antilles 4066: 4050:Main articles: 4048: 3988:Eastern Scheldt 3952:Staatsbosbeheer 3929: 3923: 3914: 3867: 3861: 3791: 3783:Main articles: 3781: 3766:Zuiderzee Works 3644: 3632:Main articles: 3630: 3564: 3558: 3546:Dutch Low Saxon 3416: 3410: 3289: 3236:Rotterdam Blitz 3209: 3197:Main articles: 3195: 3167:Ascendancy laws 3097:Louis Bonaparte 3077:French Republic 3071:proclaimed the 3044: 3024:Main articles: 3022: 2994:Nine Years' War 2943:boom-bust cycle 2762:entered into a 2713: 2705:Main articles: 2703: 2619:sack of Antwerp 2561:Under Habsburg 2542:several times. 2512: 2511: 2510: 2509: 2508: 2495: 2487: 2486: 2483: 2474: 2473: 2472: 2457: 2448: 2447: 2441: 2429:Main articles: 2427: 2419:Philip the Good 2343: 2337: 2199:Frisian Kingdom 2129: 2127:Frisian Kingdom 2121:Main articles: 2119: 2097:English Channel 1977:La Tène culture 1908: 1894:Iron Age Europe 1892:Main articles: 1890: 1884:(1800–800 BC). 1864:The subsequent 1778:Hamburg culture 1755: 1754: 1753: 1752: 1751: 1748: 1740: 1739: 1736: 1725: 1719: 1714: 1708: 1686:or Old English 1658: 1626:is used by the 1606:the Netherlands 1589:the Netherlands 1526: 1511:deictic meaning 1378: 1373: 1367: 1042: 1020: 1009: 976: 941: 940: 939: 928: 916: 915: 914: 903: 882: 863: 851: 830: 811: 795: 779: 769: 750: 735: 720: 706: 691: 669: 654: 625: 610: 571: 541: 533: 523:Dutch Caribbean 482: 472: 448:Dutch Low Saxon 441: 434: 413: 389:Government seat 377: 375: 371: 368: 363: 360: 358: 356: 355: 354: 348: 340:10 October 2010 326:Kingdom Charter 302:30 January 1648 266:Sovereign state 260: 259: 252: 242: 241: 235: 228: 218: 215: 203: 202: 185: 181: 175: 168: 151: 145: 138: 133:Je maintiendrai 120: 119: 118: 114: 107: 103: 90: 81: 74: 66: 65:The Netherlands 59: 54: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 19308: 19298: 19297: 19292: 19287: 19282: 19277: 19272: 19267: 19262: 19257: 19252: 19247: 19242: 19193: 19192: 19187: 19186: 19184: 19183: 19178: 19173: 19168: 19163: 19158: 19156:Dutch language 19152: 19150: 19146: 19145: 19143: 19142: 19137: 19131: 19129: 19125: 19124: 19122: 19121: 19111: 19101: 19090: 19088: 19084: 19083: 19081: 19080: 19075: 19070: 19059: 19057: 19053: 19052: 19045: 19044: 19037: 19030: 19022: 19013: 19012: 19003: 19000: 18999: 18992: 18990: 18988: 18987: 18982: 18977: 18971: 18968: 18967: 18960: 18959: 18952: 18945: 18937: 18928: 18927: 18925: 18924: 18919: 18914: 18909: 18903: 18901: 18900:Former members 18897: 18896: 18894: 18893: 18888: 18883: 18878: 18873: 18868: 18863: 18857: 18855: 18851: 18850: 18848: 18847: 18845:United Kingdom 18842: 18837: 18832: 18827: 18822: 18817: 18812: 18807: 18802: 18797: 18792: 18787: 18782: 18777: 18772: 18767: 18762: 18757: 18752: 18747: 18742: 18737: 18732: 18727: 18722: 18717: 18712: 18707: 18702: 18697: 18692: 18687: 18682: 18677: 18672: 18670:Czech Republic 18667: 18662: 18657: 18652: 18647: 18642: 18637: 18632: 18627: 18622: 18616: 18614: 18608: 18607: 18605: 18604: 18602:Pompidou Group 18599: 18594: 18589: 18584: 18579: 18574: 18569: 18564: 18559: 18553: 18551: 18547: 18546: 18539: 18538: 18531: 18524: 18516: 18507: 18506: 18490: 18487: 18486: 18484: 18483: 18478: 18473: 18468: 18463: 18458: 18453: 18448: 18443: 18438: 18433: 18428: 18423: 18418: 18413: 18408: 18403: 18398: 18393: 18388: 18383: 18378: 18376:Czech Republic 18373: 18368: 18356: 18351: 18346: 18340: 18338: 18332: 18331: 18324: 18322: 18320: 18319: 18307: 18295: 18282: 18280: 18274: 18273: 18265: 18264: 18257: 18250: 18242: 18233: 18232: 18228:Former members 18220: 18217: 18216: 18209: 18207: 18205: 18204: 18199: 18194: 18189: 18184: 18179: 18174: 18169: 18164: 18159: 18154: 18149: 18144: 18139: 18134: 18129: 18124: 18119: 18114: 18109: 18104: 18099: 18097:Czech Republic 18094: 18089: 18084: 18079: 18074: 18068: 18065: 18064: 18061:European Union 18053: 18052: 18045: 18038: 18030: 18021: 18020: 18018: 18017: 18005: 17991: 17990: 17983: 17977: 17974: 17970: 17969: 17966: 17965: 17962: 17961: 17959: 17958: 17944: 17939: 17934: 17928: 17926: 17925:United Kingdom 17922: 17921: 17919: 17918: 17903: 17901: 17897: 17896: 17894: 17893: 17878: 17876: 17869: 17862: 17859: 17858: 17855: 17854: 17851: 17850: 17848: 17847: 17842: 17837: 17836: 17835: 17830: 17825: 17814: 17812: 17806: 17805: 17803: 17802: 17792: 17785: 17779: 17778:United Kingdom 17775: 17774: 17772: 17771: 17770: 17769: 17758: 17756: 17749: 17742: 17739: 17738: 17736: 17735: 17730: 17725: 17720: 17715: 17709: 17707: 17700: 17697: 17696: 17689: 17687: 17685: 17684: 17679: 17677:United Kingdom 17674: 17669: 17664: 17659: 17654: 17649: 17644: 17639: 17634: 17629: 17624: 17619: 17614: 17609: 17604: 17599: 17594: 17589: 17584: 17579: 17574: 17569: 17564: 17559: 17554: 17549: 17544: 17539: 17534: 17529: 17524: 17519: 17514: 17509: 17504: 17499: 17494: 17492:Czech Republic 17489: 17484: 17479: 17474: 17469: 17464: 17459: 17454: 17449: 17444: 17439: 17433: 17431: 17425: 17424: 17413: 17412: 17405: 17398: 17390: 17384: 17381: 17380: 17368: 17367: 17365: 17364: 17359: 17352: 17351: 17343: 17342: 17339: 17338: 17335: 17334: 17332: 17331: 17326: 17325: 17324: 17319: 17314: 17309: 17299: 17294: 17289: 17284: 17279: 17274: 17269: 17264: 17259: 17254: 17249: 17244: 17239: 17234: 17229: 17227:Cultural icons 17224: 17223: 17222: 17212: 17207: 17202: 17197: 17191: 17185: 17179: 17178: 17175: 17174: 17172: 17171: 17169:Road transport 17166: 17164:Rail transport 17161: 17156: 17150: 17148: 17142: 17141: 17139: 17138: 17133: 17128: 17123: 17118: 17113: 17108: 17103: 17098: 17092: 17086: 17080: 17079: 17076: 17075: 17073: 17072: 17067: 17062: 17060:Prime Minister 17057: 17052: 17047: 17042: 17037: 17035:Municipalities 17032: 17027: 17026: 17025: 17020: 17010: 17005: 17004: 17003: 16993: 16988: 16983: 16978: 16973: 16968: 16963: 16958: 16953: 16948: 16943: 16941:Climate change 16938: 16933: 16927: 16921: 16915: 16914: 16911: 16910: 16908: 16907: 16902: 16897: 16892: 16887: 16882: 16877: 16872: 16867: 16862: 16857: 16852: 16847: 16845:Extreme points 16842: 16837: 16832: 16827: 16821: 16815: 16809: 16808: 16806: 16805: 16800: 16795: 16790: 16785: 16780: 16775: 16770: 16769: 16768: 16763: 16753: 16751:United Kingdom 16748: 16743: 16738: 16733: 16728: 16723: 16718: 16716:Dutch Republic 16713: 16708: 16703: 16698: 16693: 16688: 16683: 16678: 16669: 16656: 16654:Lower Lorraine 16651: 16649:Middle Francia 16646: 16641: 16636: 16631: 16622: 16609: 16604: 16587: 16582: 16576: 16574: 16568: 16567: 16561: 16558: 16557: 16555: articles 16549: 16548: 16541: 16534: 16526: 16520: 16519: 16513: 16501: 16500: 16488: 16482: 16470: 16469: 16460: 16445: 16435: 16426: 16421: 16395: 16387: 16386:External links 16384: 16382: 16381: 16375: 16358: 16352: 16332: 16326: 16312: 16310: 16307: 16304: 16303: 16285: 16270: 16244: 16208: 16185: 16182:. 21 May 2019. 16165: 16135: 16109: 16094: 16076: 16054: 16028: 15997: 15978: 15964: 15945: 15927: 15922:local-life.com 15909: 15882: 15851: 15842: 15839:978-9068685954 15822: 15807: 15784: 15775: 15746:(4): 293–305. 15726: 15708: 15686: 15656: 15631: 15597: 15571: 15546: 15521: 15495: 15466: 15448: 15431:Fietsberaad.nl 15418: 15400: 15391:"CBS Statline" 15382: 15363: 15332: 15321:. 21 June 2017 15306: 15295:on 13 May 2009 15280: 15251: 15225: 15203: 15173: 15151: 15107: 15075: 15057: 15031: 15004: 14995: 14986: 14968: 14954: 14926: 14908: 14897:. 10 July 2020 14882: 14860: 14853: 14835: 14822:Dossier Relige 14808: 14797:. 7 April 2022 14782: 14765: 14733: 14711: 14686: 14672: 14651:(4): 409–423. 14631: 14624: 14604: 14592: 14572: 14541: 14514: 14495: 14476: 14446: 14410: 14384: 14359: 14337: 14326:. Taalcanon.nl 14315: 14311:ebs_243_en.pdf 14302: 14293:"CBS Statline" 14284: 14254: 14245:"CBS Statline" 14236: 14221: 14194: 14183: 14170: 14150: 14136: 14106: 14088: 14073: 14051: 14022: 13985: 13969: 13943: 13908: 13882: 13863: 13849: 13817: 13787: 13765: 13732: 13707: 13685: 13655: 13634: 13607: 13590: 13564: 13545: 13518: 13496: 13473: 13448: 13422: 13409:Unicef-irc.org 13393: 13361: 13335: 13294: 13285: 13271: 13243: 13232:on 4 June 2017 13211: 13185: 13166: 13148: 13119:(3): 429–458. 13099: 13085: 13071: 13049: 13032: 13021:. 23 July 2023 13003: 12976: 12947: 12921: 12896: 12874: 12848: 12819: 12791: 12763: 12741: 12734: 12714: 12701:10.1086/650185 12685:10.1086/650185 12659: 12640: 12617: 12603: 12568:(3): 819–845. 12548: 12526: 12521:consoglobe.com 12507: 12442: 12416: 12377:(6): 534–545. 12357: 12331: 12313: 12300:Nationaal Park 12287: 12258: 12231: 12213: 12195: 12152: 12127: 12107: 12074: 12055: 12012:(3): 575–583. 11989: 11952: 11919: 11893: 11867: 11856:on 5 July 2017 11837: 11822: 11807: 11795: 11788: 11766: 11748: 11683: 11647: 11614: 11607: 11575: 11544: 11515: 11493: 11467: 11442: 11431:. 17 June 2023 11416: 11388: 11376: 11354: 11324: 11297: 11276: 11258: 11245: 11220: 11194: 11169: 11162: 11132: 11120: 11108: 11106:, p. 354. 11096: 11089: 11066: 11047: 11031:Empire, Mughal 11019: 11008: 10990: 10983: 10971:, ed. (2004). 10960: 10953: 10933: 10908: 10881: 10873: 10853: 10828: 10814: 10801: 10786: 10771: 10746: 10731: 10716: 10713:. p. 451. 10701: 10698:. p. 237. 10686: 10683:. p. 372. 10671: 10657: 10637: 10619: 10598: 10572: 10547: 10521: 10514: 10508:. p. 57. 10490: 10470: 10451: 10432: 10405: 10398: 10378: 10363: 10340: 10324: 10311: 10285: 10262: 10249: 10225: 10213: 10176: 10169: 10151: 10131: 10114: 10095: 10028: 10019: 9999: 9975: 9946: 9918: 9893: 9867: 9840: 9814: 9801:Neerlandistiek 9787: 9755: 9729: 9700: 9687: 9658: 9631: 9624: 9604: 9597: 9577: 9555: 9523: 9516: 9494: 9472: 9445: 9415: 9386: 9361: 9333: 9299: 9271: 9246: 9221: 9196: 9189: 9164: 9120: 9094: 9072: 9050: 9021: 8992: 8955: 8926: 8901: 8865: 8862:. 19 May 2015. 8851: 8833: 8804: 8768: 8738: 8737: 8735: 8732: 8729: 8728: 8719: 8691: 8683:European Union 8670: 8657: 8648: 8627: 8618: 8609: 8595: 8583:Sint Eustatius 8570: 8557: 8556: 8554: 8551: 8550: 8549: 8543: 8542: 8526: 8523: 8502:worstenbroodje 8477:Flemish Region 8446:soused herring 8291:Main article: 8288: 8285: 8261:Max Verstappen 8233:Joop Zoetemelk 8190:2019 World Cup 8182:Johan Neeskens 8102:Main article: 8099: 8096: 7971:Basic Instinct 7945:The Fourth Man 7914:Paul Verhoeven 7899: 7896: 7639:Golden Earring 7593: 7590: 7547:Main article: 7544: 7541: 7535:, cheese, and 7507:pendulum clock 7477:Traditionalism 7438:Cees Nooteboom 7347: 7340: 7339: 7338: 7325: 7318: 7317: 7305: 7298: 7297: 7296: 7295: 7294: 7278: 7275: 7270:Main article: 7267: 7264: 7215: 7212: 7196:bulk materials 7184:container port 7171: 7168: 7129:Main article: 7126: 7123: 7089: 7086: 7081: 7059: 7058:Road transport 7056: 7047:Main article: 7044: 7041: 7036: 7035: 7032: 6975:Main article: 6972: 6969: 6908:Main article: 6905: 6902: 6879:ChristianUnion 6796:Dutch colonies 6664: 6654: 6644: 6634: 6624: 6620: 6619: 6618: 6613:Main article: 6610: 6607: 6564:Sint Eustatius 6457:Main article: 6454: 6451: 6447: 6446: 6443: 6438: 6433: 6430: 6427: 6422: 6417: 6413: 6412: 6409: 6404: 6399: 6396: 6393: 6388: 6383: 6379: 6378: 6375: 6370: 6365: 6362: 6359: 6354: 6349: 6345: 6344: 6341: 6336: 6331: 6328: 6325: 6320: 6315: 6311: 6310: 6307: 6302: 6297: 6294: 6291: 6286: 6281: 6277: 6276: 6273: 6268: 6266:Haarlemmermeer 6263: 6260: 6257: 6252: 6247: 6243: 6242: 6239: 6234: 6229: 6226: 6223: 6218: 6213: 6209: 6208: 6205: 6200: 6195: 6192: 6189: 6184: 6179: 6175: 6174: 6171: 6166: 6161: 6158: 6155: 6150: 6145: 6141: 6140: 6119: 6116: 6111: 6106: 6103: 6100: 6095: 6090: 6087: 6065: 6064: 6062: 6059: 6054: 6049: 6046: 6043: 6038: 6033: 6030: 6027: 6026: 6020: 6015: 6013: 6012: 6005: 5998: 5990: 5987: 5982: 5838:fertility rate 5811: 5808: 5769: 5766: 5762:carbon dioxide 5696: 5693: 5604:GDP per capita 5567:), chemicals ( 5505:Main article: 5502: 5499: 5491: 5490: 5480: 5470: 5460: 5427:Saddam Hussein 5382: 5375: 5374: 5373: 5359: 5352: 5351: 5350: 5349: 5348: 5343:Main article: 5340: 5337: 5302:foreign policy 5249: 5246: 5243: 5242: 5239: 5236: 5233: 5229: 5228: 5225: 5222: 5219: 5214: 5212: 5210:Sint Eustatius 5198: 5197: 5194: 5191: 5188: 5183: 5181: 5167: 5166: 5163: 5160: 5157: 5152: 5150: 5136: 5135: 5130: 5125: 5120: 5117: 5090: 5089: 5086: 5083: 5080: 5077: 5073: 5072: 5069: 5066: 5063: 5060: 5055: 5053: 5039: 5038: 5035: 5032: 5029: 5026: 5021: 5019: 5005: 5004: 5001: 4998: 4995: 4992: 4987: 4985: 4980: 4978: 4964: 4963: 4960: 4957: 4954: 4951: 4946: 4944: 4939: 4937: 4923: 4922: 4919: 4916: 4913: 4910: 4905: 4903: 4898: 4896: 4882: 4881: 4878: 4875: 4872: 4869: 4864: 4862: 4857: 4855: 4841: 4840: 4837: 4834: 4831: 4828: 4823: 4821: 4807: 4806: 4803: 4800: 4797: 4794: 4789: 4787: 4773: 4772: 4769: 4766: 4763: 4760: 4755: 4753: 4748: 4746: 4732: 4731: 4728: 4725: 4722: 4719: 4714: 4712: 4698: 4697: 4694: 4691: 4688: 4685: 4680: 4678: 4673: 4671: 4657: 4656: 4653: 4650: 4647: 4644: 4639: 4637: 4623: 4622: 4617: 4612: 4607: 4602: 4599: 4596: 4553:municipalities 4519: 4516: 4512:prime minister 4400: 4397: 4361:States General 4294: 4287: 4286: 4274: 4267: 4266: 4265: 4264: 4263: 4208:Main article: 4205: 4202: 4201: 4200: 4177:Virgin Islands 4161:Sint Eustatius 4154: 4056:Sint Eustatius 4047: 4044: 4010:Boreal Kingdom 3922: 3919: 3912: 3891:green recovery 3879:sea level rise 3871:climate change 3863:Main article: 3860: 3859:Climate change 3857: 3838:global warming 3829:as one of the 3819:Maeslantkering 3780: 3777: 3773:climate change 3744:. In 1932 the 3629: 3626: 3560:Main article: 3557: 3554: 3409: 3406: 3388:Sint Eustatius 3366:. In 2002 the 3352:women's rights 3337:European Union 3297:decolonisation 3288: 3287:Decolonisation 3285: 3194: 3191: 3159:personal union 3147:King William I 3091:was set up by 3050:Staatsgezinden 3021: 3018: 2959:Isaac le Maire 2939:stock exchange 2772:States General 2724:Hugli-Chuchura 2707:Dutch Republic 2702: 2699: 2678:Spanish Empire 2643:Union of Arras 2617:Following the 2554:of the former 2524:personal union 2496: 2489: 2488: 2484: 2477: 2476: 2475: 2458: 2451: 2450: 2449: 2445: 2444: 2443: 2442: 2426: 2423: 2339:Main article: 2336: 2333: 2227:series of wars 2118: 2115: 2082:served in the 2068:Roman province 2064:Gallia Belgica 1952:and the early 1889: 1886: 1749: 1742: 1741: 1737: 1730: 1729: 1728: 1727: 1726: 1721:Main article: 1718: 1715: 1710:Main article: 1707: 1704: 1657: 1654: 1564:Dutch Republic 1525: 1522: 1505:and the lower 1487:, this became 1479:used the term 1470:Lower Lorraine 1384:(Netherlands, 1377: 1374: 1369:Main article: 1366: 1363: 1323:European Union 1287:States General 1137:United Kingdom 1084: 1083: 1074: 1068: 1067: 1058: 1054: 1053: 1050: 1044: 1043: 1041: 1040: 1034: 1023: 1021: 1014: 1011: 1010: 1008: 1007: 997: 986: 984: 978: 977: 975: 974: 967: 956: 954: 950: 949: 931: 921: 920: 906: 896: 895: 890:$ 63,750 ( 883: 880: 877: 876: 864: 861: 858: 857: 854: 844: 843: 838:$ 74,158 ( 831: 828: 825: 824: 812: 809: 806: 805: 802: 788: 787: 780: 778:• Density 777: 774: 773: 770: 767: 764: 763: 751: 748: 745: 744: 740: 739: 736: 729: 725: 724: 721: 718: 715: 714: 707: 704: 701: 700: 696: 695: 692: 686: 683: 682: 676: 675: 670: 664: 661: 660: 655: 649: 646: 645: 643:States General 640: 636: 635: 632: 631: 626: 623:Prime Minister 620: 617: 616: 611: 605: 602: 601: 598: 597: 591: 585: 584: 579: 573: 572: 570: 569: 563: 557: 551: 544: 542: 539: 535: 534: 532: 531: 525: 519: 513: 507: 501: 495: 492: 485: 483: 480: 474: 473: 471: 470: 465: 460: 455: 450: 444: 442: 439: 436: 435: 433: 432: 427: 422: 416: 414: 409: 406: 405: 400: 396: 395: 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18983: 18981: 18978: 18976: 18973: 18972: 18969: 18965: 18958: 18953: 18951: 18946: 18944: 18939: 18938: 18935: 18923: 18920: 18918: 18915: 18913: 18910: 18908: 18905: 18904: 18902: 18898: 18892: 18889: 18887: 18886:United States 18884: 18882: 18879: 18877: 18874: 18872: 18869: 18867: 18864: 18862: 18859: 18858: 18856: 18852: 18846: 18843: 18841: 18838: 18836: 18833: 18831: 18828: 18826: 18823: 18821: 18818: 18816: 18813: 18811: 18808: 18806: 18803: 18801: 18798: 18796: 18793: 18791: 18788: 18786: 18783: 18781: 18778: 18776: 18773: 18771: 18768: 18766: 18763: 18761: 18758: 18756: 18753: 18751: 18748: 18746: 18743: 18741: 18738: 18736: 18735:Liechtenstein 18733: 18731: 18728: 18726: 18723: 18721: 18718: 18716: 18713: 18711: 18708: 18706: 18703: 18701: 18698: 18696: 18693: 18691: 18688: 18686: 18683: 18681: 18678: 18676: 18673: 18671: 18668: 18666: 18663: 18661: 18658: 18656: 18653: 18651: 18648: 18646: 18643: 18641: 18638: 18636: 18633: 18631: 18628: 18626: 18623: 18621: 18618: 18617: 18615: 18613: 18609: 18603: 18600: 18598: 18595: 18593: 18590: 18588: 18585: 18583: 18580: 18578: 18575: 18573: 18570: 18568: 18565: 18563: 18560: 18558: 18555: 18554: 18552: 18548: 18544: 18537: 18532: 18530: 18525: 18523: 18518: 18517: 18514: 18503: 18499: 18495: 18494:UK membership 18488: 18482: 18479: 18477: 18474: 18472: 18469: 18467: 18464: 18462: 18459: 18457: 18454: 18452: 18449: 18447: 18444: 18442: 18439: 18437: 18434: 18432: 18429: 18427: 18424: 18422: 18419: 18417: 18414: 18412: 18409: 18407: 18404: 18402: 18399: 18397: 18394: 18392: 18389: 18387: 18384: 18382: 18379: 18377: 18374: 18372: 18369: 18365: 18360: 18357: 18355: 18352: 18350: 18347: 18345: 18342: 18341: 18339: 18337: 18333: 18328: 18316: 18311: 18308: 18304: 18299: 18298:Liechtenstein 18296: 18292: 18287: 18284: 18283: 18281: 18279: 18275: 18271: 18263: 18258: 18256: 18251: 18249: 18244: 18243: 18240: 18229: 18225: 18218: 18213: 18203: 18200: 18198: 18195: 18193: 18190: 18188: 18185: 18183: 18180: 18178: 18175: 18173: 18170: 18168: 18165: 18163: 18160: 18158: 18155: 18153: 18150: 18148: 18145: 18143: 18140: 18138: 18135: 18133: 18130: 18128: 18125: 18123: 18120: 18118: 18115: 18113: 18110: 18108: 18105: 18103: 18100: 18098: 18095: 18093: 18090: 18088: 18085: 18083: 18080: 18078: 18075: 18073: 18070: 18069: 18066: 18062: 18058: 18057:Member states 18051: 18046: 18044: 18039: 18037: 18032: 18031: 18028: 18016: 18015: 18014:Europe portal 18010: 18006: 18004: 18003: 17994: 17993: 17988: 17984: 17981: 17978: 17975: 17972: 17971: 17967: 17956: 17952: 17948: 17945: 17943: 17940: 17938: 17935: 17933: 17930: 17929: 17927: 17923: 17916: 17912: 17908: 17905: 17904: 17902: 17898: 17891: 17887: 17883: 17880: 17879: 17877: 17873: 17870: 17863:Special areas 17860: 17846: 17843: 17841: 17838: 17834: 17831: 17829: 17826: 17824: 17821: 17820: 17819: 17816: 17815: 17813: 17811: 17807: 17800: 17796: 17793: 17790: 17787: 17786: 17783: 17780: 17776: 17768: 17765: 17764: 17763: 17762:Faroe Islands 17760: 17759: 17757: 17753: 17750: 17747: 17740: 17734: 17731: 17729: 17728:South Ossetia 17726: 17724: 17721: 17719: 17716: 17714: 17711: 17710: 17708: 17705: 17698: 17693: 17683: 17680: 17678: 17675: 17673: 17670: 17668: 17665: 17663: 17660: 17658: 17655: 17653: 17650: 17648: 17645: 17643: 17640: 17638: 17635: 17633: 17630: 17628: 17625: 17623: 17620: 17618: 17615: 17613: 17610: 17608: 17605: 17603: 17600: 17598: 17595: 17593: 17590: 17588: 17585: 17583: 17580: 17578: 17575: 17573: 17570: 17568: 17565: 17563: 17562:Liechtenstein 17560: 17558: 17555: 17553: 17550: 17548: 17545: 17543: 17540: 17538: 17535: 17533: 17530: 17528: 17525: 17523: 17520: 17518: 17515: 17513: 17510: 17508: 17505: 17503: 17500: 17498: 17495: 17493: 17490: 17488: 17485: 17483: 17480: 17478: 17475: 17473: 17470: 17468: 17465: 17463: 17460: 17458: 17455: 17453: 17450: 17448: 17445: 17443: 17440: 17438: 17435: 17434: 17432: 17430: 17426: 17422: 17418: 17411: 17406: 17404: 17399: 17397: 17392: 17391: 17388: 17382: 17375: 17363: 17360: 17358: 17355: 17354: 17349: 17345: 17344: 17340: 17330: 17327: 17323: 17320: 17318: 17315: 17313: 17310: 17308: 17305: 17304: 17303: 17300: 17298: 17295: 17293: 17290: 17288: 17285: 17283: 17280: 17278: 17275: 17273: 17270: 17268: 17265: 17263: 17260: 17258: 17255: 17253: 17250: 17248: 17245: 17243: 17240: 17238: 17235: 17233: 17230: 17228: 17225: 17221: 17218: 17217: 17216: 17213: 17211: 17208: 17206: 17203: 17201: 17198: 17196: 17193: 17192: 17189: 17186: 17184: 17180: 17170: 17167: 17165: 17162: 17160: 17157: 17155: 17152: 17151: 17149: 17147: 17143: 17137: 17134: 17132: 17129: 17127: 17124: 17122: 17119: 17117: 17114: 17112: 17109: 17107: 17104: 17102: 17099: 17097: 17094: 17093: 17090: 17087: 17085: 17081: 17071: 17068: 17066: 17063: 17061: 17058: 17056: 17053: 17051: 17048: 17046: 17045:Republicanism 17043: 17041: 17038: 17036: 17033: 17031: 17028: 17024: 17021: 17019: 17016: 17015: 17014: 17011: 17009: 17006: 17002: 16999: 16998: 16997: 16994: 16992: 16989: 16987: 16984: 16982: 16979: 16977: 16974: 16972: 16969: 16967: 16964: 16962: 16959: 16957: 16954: 16952: 16949: 16947: 16944: 16942: 16939: 16937: 16934: 16932: 16929: 16928: 16925: 16922: 16920: 16916: 16906: 16903: 16901: 16898: 16896: 16893: 16891: 16888: 16886: 16883: 16881: 16878: 16876: 16873: 16871: 16868: 16866: 16863: 16861: 16858: 16856: 16853: 16851: 16850:Flood control 16848: 16846: 16843: 16841: 16838: 16836: 16833: 16831: 16828: 16826: 16823: 16822: 16819: 16816: 16814: 16810: 16804: 16801: 16799: 16796: 16794: 16791: 16789: 16786: 16784: 16781: 16779: 16776: 16774: 16771: 16767: 16764: 16762: 16761:Nazi invasion 16759: 16758: 16757: 16754: 16752: 16749: 16747: 16744: 16742: 16741:Incorporation 16739: 16737: 16734: 16732: 16729: 16727: 16724: 16722: 16719: 16717: 16714: 16712: 16709: 16707: 16704: 16702: 16699: 16697: 16694: 16692: 16689: 16687: 16684: 16682: 16679: 16677: 16673: 16670: 16668: 16664: 16660: 16657: 16655: 16652: 16650: 16647: 16645: 16642: 16640: 16637: 16635: 16632: 16630: 16626: 16623: 16621: 16617: 16613: 16610: 16608: 16605: 16603: 16599: 16595: 16591: 16588: 16586: 16583: 16581: 16578: 16577: 16575: 16573: 16569: 16565: 16559: 16554: 16547: 16542: 16540: 16535: 16533: 16528: 16527: 16524: 16517: 16514: 16511: 16508: 16507: 16506: 16505: 16497: 16493: 16489: 16486: 16483: 16480: 16479:Government.nl 16477: 16476: 16475: 16474: 16468: 16464: 16461: 16459: 16458:OpenStreetMap 16455: 16446: 16444: 16436: 16434: 16430: 16427: 16425: 16422: 16420: 16416: 16411: 16407: 16406: 16401: 16396: 16393: 16390: 16389: 16378: 16372: 16368: 16364: 16359: 16355: 16353:0-19-873072-1 16349: 16345: 16341: 16337: 16333: 16329: 16323: 16320:. Routledge. 16319: 16314: 16313: 16299: 16295: 16289: 16281: 16277: 16273: 16267: 16263: 16258: 16257: 16248: 16229: 16225: 16218: 16212: 16196: 16189: 16181: 16180: 16175: 16169: 16153: 16149: 16145: 16139: 16123: 16119: 16113: 16105: 16098: 16090: 16086: 16085:"John de Mol" 16080: 16074:. p. 101–103. 16073: 16069: 16065: 16064: 16058: 16043: 16039: 16032: 16016: 16012: 16008: 16001: 15993: 15989: 15982: 15974: 15968: 15960: 15956: 15949: 15941: 15937: 15931: 15923: 15919: 15913: 15898: 15897: 15892: 15886: 15870: 15866: 15862: 15855: 15846: 15840: 15836: 15832: 15826: 15818: 15814: 15810: 15808:90-6109-440-2 15804: 15800: 15799: 15791: 15789: 15779: 15771: 15767: 15762: 15757: 15753: 15749: 15745: 15741: 15737: 15730: 15722: 15718: 15717:"NETHERLANDS" 15712: 15696: 15690: 15674: 15670: 15666: 15660: 15645: 15641: 15635: 15619: 15615: 15611: 15607: 15601: 15586: 15582: 15575: 15560: 15556: 15550: 15535: 15531: 15525: 15509: 15505: 15499: 15483: 15476: 15470: 15462: 15458: 15452: 15436: 15432: 15428: 15422: 15414: 15410: 15404: 15396: 15392: 15386: 15378: 15374: 15367: 15351: 15347: 15343: 15336: 15320: 15316: 15310: 15294: 15290: 15284: 15268: 15261: 15255: 15239: 15235: 15229: 15214: 15210: 15206: 15200: 15196: 15192: 15188: 15184: 15177: 15161: 15155: 15136: 15132: 15125: 15118: 15116: 15114: 15112: 15092: 15085: 15079: 15071: 15067: 15061: 15045: 15041: 15035: 15019: 15013: 15011: 15009: 14999: 14990: 14982: 14978: 14972: 14964: 14958: 14943: 14939: 14933: 14931: 14922: 14918: 14912: 14896: 14892: 14886: 14870: 14864: 14856: 14850: 14846: 14839: 14823: 14819: 14812: 14796: 14792: 14786: 14779: 14775: 14769: 14750: 14743: 14737: 14721: 14715: 14700:. Beleven.org 14699: 14693: 14691: 14682: 14676: 14668: 14664: 14659: 14654: 14650: 14646: 14642: 14635: 14627: 14625:9781421415628 14621: 14617: 14616: 14608: 14601: 14596: 14590: 14586: 14582: 14576: 14560: 14556: 14550: 14548: 14546: 14529: 14525: 14518: 14511: 14507: 14504: 14499: 14492: 14488: 14485: 14480: 14464: 14460: 14456: 14450: 14431: 14427: 14420: 14414: 14408: 14404: 14400: 14397: 14391: 14389: 14373: 14369: 14363: 14347: 14341: 14325: 14319: 14312: 14306: 14298: 14294: 14288: 14272: 14268: 14264: 14258: 14250: 14246: 14240: 14234: 14230: 14225: 14209: 14205: 14198: 14192: 14187: 14180: 14174: 14167: 14163: 14160: 14154: 14146: 14140: 14124: 14120: 14119:Ons Amsterdam 14116: 14110: 14102: 14098: 14092: 14084: 14077: 14061: 14055: 14039: 14038: 14033: 14026: 14010: 14006: 14005: 14001: 13996: 13989: 13982: 13978: 13973: 13957: 13953: 13947: 13928: 13921: 13915: 13913: 13897: 13893: 13886: 13878: 13877:government.nl 13874: 13867: 13859: 13853: 13837: 13833: 13832:The Economist 13828: 13821: 13805: 13801: 13797: 13791: 13775: 13769: 13760: 13755: 13751: 13747: 13743: 13736: 13720: 13714: 13712: 13695: 13689: 13683: 13678: 13672: 13665: 13659: 13651: 13644: 13638: 13630: 13626: 13625: 13620: 13614: 13612: 13600: 13594: 13578: 13574: 13568: 13560: 13556: 13549: 13532: 13528: 13522: 13506: 13500: 13484: 13477: 13462: 13458: 13452: 13436: 13432: 13426: 13410: 13403: 13397: 13378: 13371: 13365: 13350: 13346: 13339: 13331: 13327: 13322: 13317: 13313: 13309: 13305: 13298: 13289: 13274: 13272:9789280534320 13268: 13264: 13260: 13256: 13255: 13247: 13228: 13221: 13215: 13199: 13195: 13189: 13182: 13178: 13175: 13170: 13162: 13158: 13152: 13144: 13140: 13135: 13130: 13126: 13122: 13118: 13114: 13110: 13103: 13095: 13089: 13081: 13075: 13059: 13053: 13042: 13036: 13020: 13016: 13010: 13008: 13000: 12986: 12980: 12964: 12960: 12954: 12952: 12936:on 4 May 2021 12935: 12931: 12930:"Oppervlakte" 12925: 12910: 12906: 12900: 12884: 12878: 12862: 12858: 12852: 12837: 12833: 12829: 12823: 12807: 12806: 12801: 12795: 12779: 12778: 12773: 12767: 12751: 12745: 12737: 12731: 12727: 12726: 12718: 12710: 12706: 12702: 12698: 12694: 12690: 12686: 12682: 12679:(1): 73–113. 12678: 12674: 12670: 12663: 12655: 12654:government.nl 12651: 12644: 12636: 12635: 12627: 12621: 12614: 12607: 12599: 12595: 12591: 12587: 12583: 12579: 12575: 12571: 12567: 12563: 12559: 12552: 12536: 12530: 12522: 12518: 12511: 12503: 12499: 12494: 12489: 12485: 12481: 12477: 12473: 12469: 12465: 12461: 12457: 12453: 12446: 12430: 12426: 12420: 12412: 12408: 12403: 12398: 12394: 12390: 12385: 12380: 12376: 12372: 12368: 12361: 12345: 12341: 12335: 12327: 12323: 12317: 12301: 12297: 12291: 12275: 12268: 12262: 12246: 12242: 12235: 12227: 12223: 12217: 12209: 12205: 12199: 12183: 12179: 12175: 12171: 12170:The Economist 12166: 12159: 12157: 12141: 12137: 12131: 12120: 12119: 12111: 12095: 12091: 12086: 12078: 12071: 12067: 12064: 12063:Seven Wonders 12059: 12051: 12047: 12043: 12039: 12035: 12031: 12027: 12023: 12019: 12015: 12011: 12007: 12006:Risk Analysis 12000: 11993: 11977: 11973: 11969: 11965: 11964: 11956: 11940: 11936: 11935: 11930: 11923: 11907: 11903: 11897: 11881: 11877: 11871: 11855: 11851: 11847: 11841: 11833: 11826: 11818: 11811: 11804: 11799: 11791: 11785: 11781: 11777: 11770: 11763: 11757: 11755: 11753: 11744: 11740: 11735: 11730: 11726: 11722: 11718: 11714: 11710: 11706: 11703:(1): 84–108. 11702: 11698: 11694: 11687: 11668: 11664: 11657: 11651: 11636: 11632: 11625: 11618: 11610: 11604: 11600: 11596: 11592: 11591: 11586: 11579: 11564: 11560: 11559: 11554: 11553:"Netherlands" 11548: 11532: 11531:government.nl 11528: 11522: 11520: 11503: 11497: 11481: 11477: 11476:"The Benelux" 11471: 11456: 11452: 11446: 11430: 11426: 11420: 11404: 11400: 11399: 11392: 11385: 11380: 11364: 11358: 11342: 11338: 11334: 11328: 11311: 11307: 11301: 11294: 11290: 11286: 11280: 11272: 11268: 11262: 11255: 11249: 11234: 11230: 11224: 11209:. 2 June 2023 11208: 11204: 11198: 11183: 11179: 11173: 11165: 11159: 11155: 11151: 11147: 11143: 11136: 11129: 11124: 11117: 11112: 11105: 11100: 11092: 11086: 11082: 11081: 11073: 11071: 11062: 11058: 11051: 11044: 11040: 11036: 11032: 11028: 11023: 11016: 11011: 11005: 11001: 10994: 10986: 10980: 10976: 10975: 10970: 10964: 10956: 10950: 10946: 10945: 10937: 10922: 10918: 10912: 10895: 10891: 10885: 10876: 10870: 10866: 10865: 10857: 10842: 10838: 10832: 10824: 10818: 10811: 10805: 10798: 10797: 10790: 10782: 10775: 10760: 10756: 10750: 10743: 10742: 10735: 10727: 10720: 10712: 10705: 10697: 10690: 10682: 10675: 10660: 10654: 10650: 10649: 10641: 10633: 10629: 10623: 10615: 10611: 10610: 10602: 10587:. 31 May 2023 10586: 10582: 10576: 10561: 10557: 10551: 10536:. 1 June 2023 10535: 10531: 10525: 10517: 10511: 10507: 10503: 10502: 10494: 10488: 10484: 10480: 10474: 10467: 10463: 10460: 10455: 10439: 10435: 10429: 10425: 10421: 10414: 10412: 10410: 10401: 10395: 10391: 10390: 10382: 10374: 10370: 10366: 10364:90-6109-440-2 10360: 10356: 10355: 10347: 10345: 10337: 10331: 10329: 10321: 10315: 10300: 10296: 10289: 10282: 10278: 10275: 10269: 10267: 10259: 10253: 10246: 10240: 10238: 10236: 10234: 10232: 10230: 10222: 10217: 10198: 10194: 10187: 10180: 10172: 10166: 10162: 10155: 10148: 10144: 10141: 10135: 10128: 10124: 10118: 10110: 10106: 10099: 10091: 10087: 10082: 10077: 10073: 10069: 10064: 10059: 10055: 10051: 10047: 10043: 10039: 10032: 10023: 10006: 10002: 10000:0-19-929668-5 9996: 9992: 9991: 9986: 9979: 9963: 9959: 9953: 9951: 9935: 9931: 9925: 9923: 9907: 9903: 9897: 9882: 9878: 9871: 9855: 9851: 9844: 9828: 9824: 9818: 9802: 9798: 9791: 9772: 9765: 9759: 9743: 9739: 9733: 9726: 9714: 9710: 9704: 9697: 9691: 9675: 9671: 9665: 9663: 9646: 9642: 9635: 9627: 9621: 9617: 9616: 9608: 9600: 9594: 9590: 9589: 9581: 9565: 9559: 9543: 9539: 9538: 9533: 9527: 9519: 9513: 9508: 9507: 9498: 9482: 9476: 9460: 9456: 9449: 9433: 9429: 9425: 9419: 9412: 9401: 9397: 9390: 9375: 9371: 9365: 9349: 9344: 9337: 9321: 9317: 9313: 9306: 9304: 9288: 9283: 9275: 9260: 9256: 9250: 9235: 9231: 9225: 9210: 9206: 9200: 9192: 9186: 9182: 9177: 9176: 9168: 9160: 9156: 9151: 9146: 9142: 9138: 9134: 9127: 9125: 9108: 9104: 9098: 9082: 9076: 9060: 9054: 9038: 9031: 9025: 9010: 9006: 9002: 8996: 8980: 8976: 8972: 8966: 8964: 8962: 8960: 8943: 8936: 8930: 8915: 8911: 8905: 8890: 8886: 8880: 8878: 8876: 8874: 8872: 8870: 8861: 8855: 8847: 8843: 8837: 8821: 8817: 8811: 8809: 8793: 8789: 8785: 8778: 8772: 8756: 8750: 8748: 8746: 8744: 8739: 8723: 8714: 8708: 8704: 8700: 8695: 8688: 8684: 8680: 8674: 8667: 8661: 8652: 8645: 8641: 8637: 8636:Dutch guilder 8631: 8622: 8613: 8605: 8599: 8592: 8588: 8584: 8580: 8574: 8565: 8563: 8558: 8548: 8545: 8544: 8540: 8529: 8522: 8520: 8519: 8514: 8513: 8508: 8503: 8498: 8497: 8492: 8488: 8487: 8482: 8481:haute cuisine 8478: 8474: 8470: 8469:North Brabant 8465: 8463: 8459: 8455: 8451: 8447: 8443: 8439: 8435: 8431: 8427: 8426:North Holland 8423: 8419: 8415: 8411: 8407: 8403: 8398: 8396: 8395: 8390: 8386: 8382: 8381: 8376: 8372: 8368: 8364: 8360: 8358: 8353: 8352: 8347: 8346: 8341: 8337: 8333: 8329: 8323: 8320: 8316: 8312: 8303: 8299: 8294: 8293:Dutch cuisine 8284: 8282: 8278: 8274: 8270: 8266: 8262: 8258: 8254: 8250: 8246: 8242: 8238: 8234: 8230: 8226: 8221: 8219: 8215: 8211: 8207: 8204:have won the 8203: 8199: 8195: 8191: 8187: 8183: 8179: 8175: 8171: 8167: 8163: 8159: 8155: 8150: 8148: 8143: 8139: 8131: 8127: 8123: 8119: 8115: 8110: 8105: 8095: 8093: 8089: 8085: 8084: 8079: 8078: 8073: 8069: 8066: 8062: 8057: 8053: 8051: 8050:Jeroen Krabbé 8047: 8043: 8039: 8038:Famke Janssen 8035: 8031: 8026: 8024: 8023: 8018: 8014: 8013:Theo van Gogh 8010: 8006: 8005:Bert Haanstra 8002: 7998: 7994: 7993:Anton Corbijn 7990: 7985: 7983: 7979: 7978: 7973: 7972: 7967: 7966: 7961: 7960: 7955: 7951: 7950:De Vierde Man 7947: 7946: 7941: 7940: 7935: 7931: 7930: 7925: 7921: 7920: 7915: 7909: 7905: 7895: 7893: 7889: 7888:Janine Jansen 7885: 7881: 7877: 7876:Jan Sweelinck 7872: 7870: 7866: 7862: 7858: 7854: 7850: 7846: 7842: 7838: 7834: 7830: 7826: 7825:Julian Jordan 7822: 7818: 7817:Martin Garrix 7814: 7810: 7806: 7802: 7797: 7795: 7794: 7789: 7785: 7781: 7777: 7773: 7768: 7766: 7762: 7758: 7754: 7750: 7746: 7742: 7738: 7734: 7730: 7726: 7722: 7718: 7717:God Dethroned 7714: 7710: 7706: 7702: 7698: 7694: 7690: 7689:The Gathering 7686: 7682: 7678: 7674: 7666: 7662: 7658: 7656: 7652: 7648: 7644: 7640: 7636: 7635:Shocking Blue 7632: 7627: 7625: 7621: 7617: 7613: 7609: 7603: 7599: 7589: 7585: 7578: 7573: 7569: 7566: 7564: 7560: 7556: 7550: 7540: 7538: 7534: 7530: 7526: 7522: 7520: 7516: 7512: 7508: 7504: 7500: 7496: 7492: 7488: 7484: 7482: 7478: 7474: 7470: 7469:Expressionism 7466: 7462: 7458: 7454: 7450: 7445: 7443: 7439: 7435: 7431: 7427: 7423: 7422:Harry Mulisch 7419: 7415: 7414: 7409: 7405: 7401: 7396: 7394: 7393:Piet Mondrian 7390: 7386: 7382: 7378: 7374: 7370: 7366: 7362: 7351: 7344: 7334: 7330: 7329: 7322: 7314: 7310: 7309: 7302: 7292: 7288: 7284: 7273: 7263: 7261: 7257: 7253: 7249: 7245: 7240: 7236: 7232: 7228: 7224: 7220: 7214:Air transport 7211: 7209: 7205: 7201: 7197: 7193: 7192:transshipment 7189: 7188:petrochemical 7185: 7181: 7177: 7167: 7165: 7161: 7157: 7153: 7148: 7142: 7137: 7132: 7122: 7120: 7116: 7112: 7101: 7094: 7085: 7079: 7072: 7068: 7064: 7055: 7050: 7040: 7033: 7030: 7029: 7028: 7026: 7022: 7018: 7013: 7011: 7007: 7000: 6995: 6988: 6983: 6978: 6968: 6964: 6962: 6958: 6954: 6950: 6946: 6942: 6937: 6929: 6924: 6920: 6916: 6911: 6901: 6899: 6894: 6892: 6888: 6884: 6880: 6876: 6870: 6868: 6864: 6860: 6856: 6855:Hare Krishnas 6852: 6848: 6844: 6840: 6835: 6833: 6829: 6825: 6821: 6817: 6813: 6809: 6805: 6801: 6797: 6793: 6789: 6785: 6781: 6777: 6775: 6771: 6767: 6763: 6759: 6755: 6751: 6747: 6743: 6739: 6735: 6731: 6727: 6723: 6719: 6718:North Brabant 6714: 6712: 6708: 6704: 6700: 6696: 6692: 6688: 6687:non-religious 6684: 6679: 6677: 6661: 6651: 6641: 6631: 6623: 6616: 6606: 6604: 6600: 6596: 6592: 6588: 6584: 6580: 6575: 6573: 6569: 6565: 6561: 6557: 6553: 6551: 6547: 6543: 6539: 6538:Meuse-Rhenish 6535: 6531: 6529: 6525: 6521: 6517: 6513: 6509: 6508:Nedersaksisch 6505: 6501: 6497: 6493: 6489: 6484: 6482: 6478: 6474: 6465: 6460: 6444: 6442: 6439: 6437: 6434: 6431: 6428: 6426: 6423: 6421: 6418: 6415: 6414: 6410: 6408: 6405: 6403: 6400: 6397: 6394: 6392: 6391:North Brabant 6389: 6387: 6384: 6381: 6380: 6376: 6374: 6373:North Brabant 6371: 6369: 6366: 6363: 6360: 6358: 6355: 6353: 6350: 6347: 6346: 6342: 6340: 6339:North Holland 6337: 6335: 6332: 6329: 6326: 6324: 6323:North Brabant 6321: 6319: 6316: 6313: 6312: 6308: 6306: 6303: 6301: 6298: 6295: 6292: 6290: 6287: 6285: 6282: 6279: 6278: 6274: 6272: 6271:North Holland 6269: 6267: 6264: 6261: 6258: 6256: 6255:North Brabant 6253: 6251: 6248: 6245: 6244: 6240: 6238: 6235: 6233: 6230: 6227: 6224: 6222: 6219: 6217: 6214: 6211: 6210: 6206: 6204: 6203:North Holland 6201: 6199: 6196: 6193: 6190: 6188: 6187:South Holland 6185: 6183: 6180: 6177: 6176: 6172: 6170: 6167: 6165: 6162: 6159: 6156: 6154: 6153:South Holland 6151: 6149: 6146: 6143: 6142: 6139: 6134: 6129: 6124: 6117: 6115: 6112: 6110: 6107: 6104: 6101: 6099: 6098:North Holland 6096: 6094: 6091: 6088: 6086: 6081: 6076: 6071: 6066: 6063: 6060: 6058: 6055: 6053: 6050: 6047: 6044: 6042: 6039: 6037: 6034: 6031: 6029: 6028: 6023: 6011: 6006: 6004: 5999: 5997: 5992: 5991: 5985: 5981: 5978: 5974: 5970: 5966: 5965:South Holland 5962: 5958: 5954: 5953:North Holland 5950: 5946: 5942: 5937: 5935: 5930: 5926: 5923:According to 5918: 5913: 5909: 5907: 5903: 5899: 5895: 5891: 5887: 5883: 5879: 5875: 5871: 5867: 5862: 5859: 5855: 5851: 5847: 5843: 5839: 5834: 5831: 5827: 5821: 5817: 5807: 5804: 5800: 5795: 5793: 5789: 5783: 5780: 5775: 5765: 5763: 5758: 5754: 5753:rooftop solar 5750: 5749:offshore wind 5746: 5742: 5738: 5734: 5729: 5727: 5726:Dutch disease 5718: 5714: 5709: 5701: 5692: 5690: 5686: 5680: 5678: 5674: 5670: 5666: 5658: 5654: 5649: 5645: 5643: 5639: 5635: 5631: 5627: 5623: 5619: 5615: 5611: 5609: 5605: 5601: 5597: 5592: 5590: 5586: 5582: 5578: 5574: 5570: 5566: 5562: 5558: 5554: 5550: 5546: 5540: 5538: 5534: 5530: 5526: 5518: 5513: 5508: 5498: 5496: 5488: 5484: 5481: 5478: 5474: 5471: 5468: 5464: 5461: 5458: 5454: 5451: 5450: 5449: 5447: 5442: 5440: 5436: 5432: 5428: 5424: 5420: 5416: 5411: 5407: 5403: 5399: 5389: 5385: 5379: 5369: 5365: 5363: 5356: 5346: 5336: 5334: 5330: 5325: 5323: 5319: 5315: 5311: 5307: 5303: 5298: 5296: 5292: 5288: 5284: 5277: 5273: 5269: 5264: 5259: 5255: 5240: 5237: 5234: 5230: 5226: 5223: 5220: 5217: 5213: 5211: 5200: 5199: 5195: 5192: 5189: 5186: 5182: 5180: 5169: 5168: 5164: 5161: 5158: 5155: 5151: 5149: 5138: 5137: 5131: 5126: 5121: 5118: 5115: 5114: 5111: 5109: 5105: 5103: 5102:public bodies 5097: 5087: 5084: 5081: 5078: 5074: 5070: 5067: 5064: 5061: 5058: 5052: 5041: 5040: 5036: 5033: 5030: 5027: 5024: 5018: 5007: 5006: 5002: 4999: 4996: 4993: 4990: 4986: 4983: 4979: 4977: 4976:South Holland 4966: 4965: 4961: 4958: 4955: 4952: 4949: 4945: 4942: 4938: 4936: 4925: 4924: 4920: 4917: 4914: 4911: 4908: 4904: 4901: 4897: 4895: 4894:North Holland 4884: 4883: 4879: 4876: 4873: 4870: 4867: 4863: 4860: 4856: 4854: 4853:North Brabant 4843: 4842: 4838: 4835: 4832: 4829: 4826: 4820: 4809: 4808: 4804: 4801: 4798: 4795: 4792: 4786: 4775: 4774: 4770: 4767: 4764: 4761: 4758: 4754: 4751: 4747: 4745: 4734: 4733: 4729: 4726: 4723: 4720: 4717: 4711: 4700: 4699: 4695: 4692: 4689: 4686: 4683: 4679: 4676: 4672: 4670: 4659: 4658: 4654: 4651: 4648: 4645: 4642: 4636: 4625: 4624: 4618: 4613: 4608: 4603: 4601:Largest city 4600: 4597: 4594: 4593: 4590: 4588: 4584: 4580: 4579:Baarle-Nassau 4575: 4573: 4569: 4565: 4560: 4558: 4554: 4550: 4544: 4540: 4532: 4528: 4524: 4515: 4513: 4509: 4505: 4501: 4497: 4493: 4492:Geert Wilders 4489: 4485: 4481: 4477: 4473: 4469: 4465: 4461: 4457: 4452: 4450: 4446: 4445:pillarisation 4442: 4437: 4435: 4431: 4423: 4419: 4415: 4410: 4406: 4396: 4394: 4390: 4386: 4382: 4378: 4374: 4370: 4366: 4362: 4358: 4354: 4349: 4347: 4343: 4339: 4338: 4333: 4329: 4325: 4321: 4320:Dutch cabinet 4317: 4313: 4301: 4297: 4291: 4281: 4277: 4271: 4262: 4260: 4256: 4255:head of state 4252: 4247: 4245: 4241: 4237: 4233: 4229: 4221: 4216: 4211: 4198: 4194: 4193:Mount Scenery 4190: 4186: 4182: 4178: 4174: 4170: 4166: 4162: 4158: 4155: 4152: 4148: 4144: 4140: 4137: 4136: 4135: 4130: 4129:Klein Bonaire 4125: 4121: 4119: 4115: 4111: 4107: 4103: 4099: 4095: 4091: 4087: 4083: 4079: 4075: 4071: 4065: 4061: 4060:Saba (island) 4057: 4053: 4043: 4041: 4037: 4035: 4031: 4027: 4023: 4019: 4015: 4011: 4007: 4003: 3999: 3997: 3994:of the river 3993: 3989: 3985: 3981: 3978:, is rich in 3977: 3973: 3969: 3965: 3961: 3957: 3953: 3945: 3941: 3937: 3933: 3928: 3918: 3916: 3908: 3904: 3900: 3896: 3892: 3887: 3882: 3880: 3876: 3872: 3866: 3856: 3853: 3848: 3844: 3839: 3834: 3832: 3828: 3824: 3820: 3816: 3815:1953 disaster 3808: 3804: 3803:South Holland 3800: 3795: 3790: 3786: 3776: 3774: 3769: 3767: 3763: 3759: 3755: 3754: 3749: 3748: 3743: 3739: 3735: 3733: 3727: 3725: 3724:waterschappen 3719: 3718: 3713: 3708: 3705: 3701: 3692: 3688: 3686: 3682: 3678: 3677: 3672: 3668: 3664: 3659: 3653: 3648: 3643: 3639: 3635: 3625: 3623: 3619: 3615: 3611: 3607: 3603: 3599: 3595: 3590: 3588: 3584: 3581: 3577: 3573: 3569: 3563: 3553: 3551: 3547: 3543: 3540:, the former 3539: 3535: 3531: 3527: 3523: 3518: 3516: 3512: 3508: 3504: 3500: 3496: 3492: 3488: 3484: 3480: 3475: 3473: 3469: 3465: 3461: 3457: 3453: 3447: 3445: 3441: 3437: 3433: 3429: 3420: 3415: 3405: 3403: 3399: 3398: 3393: 3389: 3385: 3381: 3377: 3373: 3369: 3365: 3361: 3357: 3353: 3349: 3348:pillarisation 3345: 3340: 3338: 3334: 3330: 3326: 3322: 3318: 3314: 3310: 3306: 3302: 3298: 3294: 3291:In 1954, the 3284: 3282: 3278: 3274: 3270: 3266: 3262: 3258: 3257:collaborators 3254: 3249: 3245: 3241: 3237: 3233: 3229: 3221: 3217: 3213: 3208: 3204: 3200: 3190: 3188: 3183: 3179: 3174: 3172: 3168: 3164: 3160: 3156: 3152: 3148: 3144: 3140: 3136: 3132: 3125: 3121: 3117: 3112: 3108: 3106: 3102: 3098: 3094: 3090: 3086: 3082: 3081:unitary state 3078: 3074: 3070: 3066: 3062: 3061: 3060:Prinsgezinden 3056: 3052: 3051: 3043: 3039: 3035: 3031: 3027: 3017: 3015: 3011: 3007: 3003: 2999: 2995: 2991: 2987: 2983: 2978: 2976: 2972: 2968: 2964: 2960: 2956: 2952: 2948: 2944: 2940: 2936: 2931: 2929: 2928:Mughal Empire 2925: 2921: 2917: 2913: 2909: 2905: 2901: 2897: 2893: 2889: 2885: 2881: 2877: 2876:New Amsterdam 2873: 2869: 2868:trading posts 2865: 2861: 2857: 2853: 2849: 2845: 2837: 2833: 2829: 2822: 2818: 2817: 2811: 2807: 2805: 2801: 2797: 2793: 2789: 2785: 2781: 2777: 2773: 2769: 2765: 2764:confederation 2761: 2757: 2753: 2749: 2745: 2741: 2737: 2729: 2728:Mughal Bengal 2725: 2721: 2717: 2712: 2708: 2698: 2696: 2692: 2688: 2683: 2682:Duke of Parma 2679: 2675: 2671: 2663: 2659: 2654: 2650: 2648: 2644: 2640: 2636: 2632: 2628: 2624: 2620: 2615: 2613: 2609: 2605: 2600: 2595: 2593: 2592:Blood Council 2589: 2583: 2578: 2576: 2572: 2568: 2564: 2559: 2557: 2553: 2549: 2548:Baltic region 2545: 2541: 2537: 2533: 2529: 2525: 2521: 2517: 2507: 2503: 2499: 2493: 2481: 2471: 2467: 2466: 2462: 2455: 2440: 2436: 2432: 2422: 2420: 2416: 2412: 2408: 2404: 2399: 2397: 2393: 2389: 2383: 2381: 2377: 2373: 2369: 2365: 2361: 2356: 2347: 2342: 2332: 2330: 2326: 2322: 2318: 2314: 2310: 2306: 2302: 2298: 2294: 2290: 2286: 2282: 2278: 2274: 2270: 2267:The Frankish 2262: 2258: 2254: 2250: 2246: 2244: 2240: 2236: 2232: 2228: 2224: 2220: 2216: 2212: 2209:emerged with 2208: 2204: 2200: 2196: 2192: 2188: 2184: 2180: 2176: 2172: 2169: 2164: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2150: 2146: 2142: 2133: 2128: 2124: 2114: 2112: 2108: 2107: 2102: 2098: 2094: 2093:West Flanders 2089: 2085: 2084:Roman cavalry 2081: 2077: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2061: 2057: 2053: 2049: 2045: 2041: 2037: 2033: 2029: 2025: 2024:Julius Caesar 2021: 2017: 2013: 2009: 2005: 2001: 1992: 1988: 1986: 1985:Nordwestblock 1982: 1981:Low Countries 1978: 1975: 1971: 1970:Salian Franks 1967: 1963: 1959: 1955: 1951: 1947: 1946:Low Countries 1943: 1940: 1936: 1931: 1929: 1925: 1921: 1917: 1913: 1907: 1903: 1899: 1895: 1885: 1883: 1879: 1875: 1871: 1867: 1862: 1860: 1856: 1852: 1848: 1845: 1841: 1837: 1833: 1829: 1825: 1821: 1817: 1813: 1808: 1806: 1803:was found in 1802: 1798: 1795: 1791: 1790:bow and arrow 1787: 1783: 1779: 1776: 1772: 1768: 1764: 1760: 1746: 1734: 1724: 1713: 1703: 1701: 1697: 1693: 1689: 1685: 1682: 1678: 1674: 1670: 1666: 1662: 1653: 1651: 1647: 1643: 1639: 1635: 1634: 1629: 1625: 1621: 1616: 1615: 1611: 1607: 1603: 1598: 1594: 1590: 1586: 1581: 1579: 1578: 1577:pars pro toto 1573: 1569: 1565: 1561: 1557: 1553: 1552:South Holland 1549: 1545: 1541: 1537: 1533: 1532: 1521: 1519: 1514: 1512: 1508: 1504: 1500: 1495: 1490: 1486: 1485:Habsburg rule 1482: 1478: 1473: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1459: 1455: 1451: 1446: 1440: 1435: 1430: 1424: 1418: 1412: 1406: 1400: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1383: 1382:Low Countries 1372: 1362: 1360: 1356: 1352: 1348: 1347:Schengen Area 1344: 1340: 1336: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1320: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1304: 1300: 1296: 1295:Supreme Court 1292: 1288: 1284: 1280: 1277: 1274:in 2001. Its 1273: 1269: 1265: 1261: 1257: 1253: 1249: 1248:pillarisation 1245: 1241: 1236: 1234: 1230: 1226: 1222: 1218: 1214: 1213:inventiveness 1210: 1206: 1202: 1196: 1194: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1170: 1169: 1164: 1160: 1156: 1154: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1138: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1122: 1119:; it borders 1118: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1102: 1098: 1095: 1091: 1082: 1078: 1075: 1073: 1069: 1066: 1062: 1059: 1055: 1051: 1049: 1045: 1038: 1035: 1032: 1028: 1025: 1024: 1022: 1018: 1012: 1005: 1001: 998: 995: 991: 988: 987: 985: 983: 979: 972: 968: 965: 961: 958: 957: 955: 951: 948: 945: · 932: 926: 922: 907: 901: 897: 893: 884: 878: 874: 865: 859: 855: 849: 845: 841: 832: 826: 822: 813: 807: 803: 799: 793: 789: 785: 781: 775: 771: 765: 761: 752: 746: 741: 737: 733: 732:Mount Scenery 726: 722: 716: 712: 708: 702: 697: 693: 690: 684: 681: 677: 674: 671: 668: 662: 659: 656: 653: 647: 644: 641: 637: 633: 630: 627: 624: 618: 615: 612: 609: 603: 599: 596: 592: 590: 586: 583: 580: 578: 574: 568: 564: 562: 558: 556: 552: 550: 546: 545: 543: 536: 530: 526: 524: 520: 518: 514: 512: 508: 506: 502: 500: 496: 493: 491: 487: 486: 484: 479: 475: 469: 466: 464: 461: 459: 456: 454: 451: 449: 446: 445: 443: 437: 431: 428: 426: 423: 421: 418: 417: 415: 412: 407: 404: 401: 397: 394: 391: 387: 382: 378:52.367; 4.883 353: 350: 343: 339: 337: 333: 329: 327: 323: 319: 317: 313: 310:16 March 1815 309: 305: 301: 299: 295: 291: 289: 285: 282: 279: 275: 272: 269: 267: 263: 258: 256: 250: 238: 233: 223: 213: 206: 179: 172: 165: 164: 158: 154: 149: 142: 135: 134: 127: 123: 117: 112: 106: 101: 93: 89: 84: 78: 71: 62: 56: 52: 48: 44: 37: 33: 19: 19290:OECD members 19197: 19176:Dutch Empire 19140:South Africa 19114:Sint Maarten 19072: 18979: 18891:EU relations 18769: 18550:Institutions 18445: 18315:EU relations 18303:EU relations 18291:EU relations 18166: 18012: 18000: 17733:Transnistria 17682:Vatican City 17596: 17312:Coat of arms 17282:Prostitution 17195:Architecture 17136:Trade unions 17116:Polder model 17101:Central bank 17070:Water boards 16996:Human rights 16986:Homelessness 16956:Demographics 16946:Constitution 16756:World War II 16746:Principality 16562:Part of the 16552: 16503: 16502: 16495: 16472: 16471: 16403: 16366: 16362: 16339: 16317: 16297: 16288: 16255: 16247: 16235:. 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Of 8151: 8142:field hockey 8134: 8114:Arjen Robben 8081: 8075: 8058: 8054: 8046:Rutger Hauer 8027: 8020: 7986: 7981: 7975: 7969: 7968:(1990), and 7965:Total Recall 7963: 7957: 7956:movies like 7949: 7943: 7942:(1980), and 7937: 7933: 7927: 7923: 7917: 7911: 7873: 7865:participated 7829:Nicky Romero 7798: 7791: 7769: 7759:, rock band 7749:Ilse DeLange 7709:Caro Emerald 7670: 7628: 7624:barrel organ 7612:Song of life 7611: 7605: 7586: 7582: 7567: 7552: 7523: 7485: 7446: 7430:Hella Haasse 7412: 7397: 7358: 7352:in Amsterdam 7326: 7306: 7235:flag carrier 7217: 7173: 7145: 7111:400 stations 7107: 7075: 7052: 7037: 7020: 7014: 7003: 6985:Portrait of 6965: 6951:(comprising 6933: 6917: 6913: 6895: 6871: 6836: 6778: 6715: 6680: 6673: 6621: 6603:West Frisian 6576: 6554: 6532: 6507: 6495: 6488:West Frisian 6485: 6470: 5938: 5922: 5863: 5835: 5823: 5820:Dutch people 5810:Demographics 5796: 5784: 5771: 5730: 5722: 5719:in the world 5681: 5662: 5612: 5593: 5541: 5522: 5492: 5485:(KMar), the 5482: 5472: 5462: 5452: 5445: 5443: 5398:conscription 5395: 5361: 5326: 5299: 5297:and the EU. 5280: 5272:Vredespaleis 5271: 5268:Peace Palace 5107: 5099: 5093: 4576: 4571: 4567: 4561: 4556: 4546: 4453: 4438: 4427: 4422:prostitution 4350: 4335: 4309: 4248: 4225: 4133: 4106:Sint Maarten 4082:Sint Maarten 4067: 4038: 4000: 3949: 3940:Terschelling 3936:Common seals 3883: 3868: 3835: 3812: 3770: 3751: 3745: 3729: 3721: 3715: 3709: 3697: 3674: 3660: 3657: 3606:last ice age 3591: 3587:interglacial 3565: 3529: 3519: 3502: 3494: 3486: 3476: 3448: 3425: 3395: 3341: 3290: 3255:. Political 3225: 3175: 3129: 3059: 3049: 3045: 2989: 2979: 2932: 2862:established 2848:Dutch Empire 2841: 2813: 2733: 2694: 2667: 2658:Spanish Fury 2616: 2604:Don Fadrique 2596: 2588:Duke of Alba 2585: 2580: 2560: 2514:Most of the 2513: 2502:Dutch Revolt 2459: 2400: 2384: 2352: 2321:East Francia 2281:West Francia 2266: 2187:Anglo-Saxons 2165: 2161:Old Frankish 2157:Vulgar Latin 2138: 2104: 2040:Roman Empire 2020:Roman forces 1997: 1932: 1909: 1863: 1809: 1801:oldest canoe 1756: 1695: 1687: 1683: 1668: 1660: 1659: 1631: 1623: 1619: 1617: 1613: 1609: 1605: 1588: 1584: 1582: 1575: 1529: 1527: 1515: 1498: 1494:Neder-landen 1489:pays d'embas 1488: 1480: 1474: 1465: 1379: 1276:mixed-market 1256:prostitution 1237: 1205:fertile soil 1197: 1167: 1158: 1157: 1141:West Frisian 1096: 1089: 1087: 1072:Internet TLD 1057:Calling code 1048:Driving side 862:• Total 810:• Total 705:• Total 555:Christianity 463:Sinte Romani 420:West Frisian 292:26 July 1581 246: 177: 156: 147: 125: 116:Coat of arms 55: 19240:Netherlands 19219: / 19073:Netherlands 18980:Netherlands 18830:Switzerland 18770:Netherlands 18446:Netherlands 18167:Netherlands 17867:sovereignty 17865:of internal 17845:Isle of Man 17746:territories 17704:recognition 17662:Switzerland 17597:Netherlands 17329:Terminology 17277:Pornography 17018:Enforcement 17008:Immigration 16981:Health care 16961:Drug policy 16840:Earthquakes 16835:Delta Works 16696:Renaissance 16602:Cananefates 16553:Netherlands 16510:Holland.com 16454:Netherlands 16415:Netherlands 16398:‹ The 16392:Netherlands 16298:trappist.be 16237:1 September 16201:1 September 15590:22 December 15559:waterbus.nl 15534:I amsterdam 14801:20 November 14600:Israel 1995 14368:"Languages" 14313:(europa.eu) 14040:. Amsterdam 13896:The Journal 13725:15 November 13537:15 February 13349:Marketwatch 12914:21 November 12756:8 September 12462:(1): 5978. 12100:19 February 11832:MENA Report 11568:8 September 11537:21 November 11508:21 November 11486:21 November 11409:21 February 11347:13 November 11306:"93 trains" 11128:Israel 1995 10664:11 November 10612:. pp. 10304:28 February 9860:1 September 9833:1 September 9807:1 September 9713:holland.com 9680:15 December 9487:25 November 9379:16 December 9292:23 November 9264:10 November 9239:10 November 9214:10 November 8975:www.imf.org 8761:27 December 8507:ground beef 8496:Bossche Bol 8371:street food 8245:Jan Janssen 8180:(#25), and 8178:Ruud Gullit 8122:Netherlands 8088:Shine Group 8077:Big Brother 8068:John de Mol 8009:Joris Ivens 7989:Jan de Bont 7924:Turks Fruit 7884:Ton Koopman 7845:Headhunterz 7841:Ummet Ozcan 7821:Dash Berlin 7780:2 Unlimited 7772:house music 7757:Rowwen Hèze 7703:as well as 7610:", meaning 7465:Art Nouveau 7442:Gerard Reve 7426:Jan Wolkers 7404:P. C. Hooft 7350:Rijksmuseum 7200:Betuweroute 7067:A1 motorway 6963:programme. 6828:Afghanistan 6699:Protestants 6630:Irreligious 5945:conurbation 5882:expatriates 5774:biocapacity 5475:(KLu), the 5446:Koninklijke 5431:Afghanistan 5415:Bosnian War 4564:water board 4531:territories 4504:Dick Schoof 4393:upper house 4373:lower house 4353:responsible 4342:Dick Schoof 4296:Dick Schoof 4189:agriculture 4173:Puerto Rico 4167:within the 4165:SSS islands 4145:within the 4143:ABC islands 4008:within the 3982:, and is a 3972:tidal flats 3799:Delta Works 3785:Delta Works 3779:Delta Works 3747:Afsluitdijk 3685:Delta Works 3580:Pleistocene 3538:Lake IJssel 3511:river delta 3507:tributaries 3456:Vaalserberg 3360:disarmament 3163:William III 3114:Map of the 3055:stadtholder 2955:bear raider 2951:tulip mania 2880:Cape Colony 2790:located in 2722:factory in 2627:Elizabeth I 2468:(1547), by 2388:monasteries 2309:Lotharingia 2233:missionary 2231:Anglo-Saxon 2080:Cananefates 2012:Gallic Wars 1878:earthenware 1874:Elp culture 1847:pastoralist 1844:Corded Ware 1759:Neanderthal 1608:instead of 1587:instead of 1264:drug policy 1159:Netherlands 1090:Netherlands 938: 0.946 667:Lower house 652:Upper house 639:Legislature 629:Dick Schoof 549:no religion 511:Indonesians 376: / 19234:Categories 19087:Candidates 18985:Luxembourg 18800:San Marino 18765:Montenegro 18745:Luxembourg 18640:Azerbaijan 18492:See also: 18436:Luxembourg 18222:See also: 18157:Luxembourg 17632:San Marino 17592:Montenegro 17572:Luxembourg 17552:Kazakhstan 17457:Azerbaijan 17252:Literature 17242:Irreligion 17050:Parliament 16976:Euthanasia 16951:Corruption 16721:Golden Age 16473:Government 16047:16 October 15740:GeoJournal 15510:(in Dutch) 15488:23 January 15325:8 December 15218:26 January 15070:Zorgwijzer 14795:jpr.org.uk 14704:27 January 14530:(in Dutch) 14267:www.cbs.nl 13962:11 January 13780:18 January 13700:21 October 13669:(Report). 13648:(Report). 13466:28 January 13278:17 October 13134:1887/16536 13080:"Suriname" 13025:28 October 12991:15 October 12969:28 October 12940:10 January 12909:Exclave.eu 12885:(in Dutch) 12841:16 January 12431:(in Dutch) 12371:BioScience 12350:27 January 12306:27 January 12302:(in Dutch) 12247:(in Dutch) 12034:1871/31872 11982:10 October 11945:10 October 11912:21 January 11886:21 January 11850:Let.rug.nl 11676:4 February 11566:Retrieved 11316:7 December 11027:Om Prakash 10900:14 January 10299:livius.org 9886:5 February 9856:(in Dutch) 9803:(in Dutch) 9719:5 February 9570:1 February 9548:1 February 9354:15 January 9065:11 January 9014:25 January 8894:2 February 8734:References 8442:buttermilk 8430:mayonnaise 8422:Zaanstreek 8414:Leerdammer 8367:sauerkraut 8198:World Cups 8022:Submission 7984:", 2006). 7977:Black Book 7936:", 1977), 7926:", 1973), 7892:André Rieu 7837:Don Diablo 7753:Limburgish 7737:Slechtvalk 7695:, Autumn, 7616:loneliness 7608:Levenslied 7577:King's Day 7519:microscope 7418:Anne Frank 7252:Maastricht 7180:hinterland 7071:Gelderland 7021:huisartsen 6999:Amersfoort 6971:Healthcare 6798:, such as 6772:, and the 6766:Overijssel 6758:Bible Belt 6650:Protestant 6568:Papiamento 6534:Limburgish 6512:Low German 6483:dialects. 6477:Brabantian 6436:Leeuwarden 6425:Gelderland 6407:Overijssel 6300:Amersfoort 6237:Overijssel 6169:Gelderland 6114:Gelderland 5878:Surinamese 5733:transition 5634:euro coins 5465:(KL), the 5455:(KM), the 5419:Kosovo War 5287:neutrality 5216:Oranjestad 5185:The Bottom 5154:Kralendijk 5127:Population 5085:17,811,291 5057:Middelburg 4935:Overijssel 4825:Maastricht 4744:Gelderland 4716:Leeuwarden 4614:Population 4604:Total area 4568:waterschap 4508:Mark Rutte 4506:succeeded 4346:Mark Rutte 4151:Venezuelan 4096:, France ( 3968:Wadden Sea 3944:Wadden Sea 3813:After the 3758:IJsselmeer 3497:) and the 3372:fiat money 3240:Dutch Jews 3228:Royal Navy 2836:Dam Square 2760:Gelderland 2756:Overijssel 2670:Maastricht 2662:Maastricht 2530:and their 2396:privileges 2305:Lothair II 2303:passed to 2235:Willibrord 2139:After the 1962:Istvaeones 1942:Ingaevones 1794:Mesolithic 1763:Maastricht 1677:Theodiscus 1669:*þiudiskaz 1650:derogatory 1624:Hollanders 1570:, and the 1536:informally 1390:Luxembourg 1317:. Being a 1313:, and the 1260:euthanasia 1149:Papiamento 1094:informally 913: 26.4 772:16,655,799 743:Population 589:Government 577:Demonym(s) 517:Surinamese 458:Limburgish 425:Papiamento 320:5 May 1945 247:– in 19181:Afrikaans 19135:Indonesia 18854:Observers 18740:Lithuania 18431:Lithuania 18152:Lithuania 17795:Gibraltar 17744:Dependent 17567:Lithuania 17247:Languages 17146:Transport 17096:AEX index 17040:Provinces 17023:Law Firms 16971:Elections 16966:Education 16895:Volcanoes 16855:Gas field 16813:Geography 16585:Roman Era 16431:from the 16280:173182689 16128:21 August 15770:129230373 15624:9 January 15461:Bloomberg 15356:26 August 15213:158767268 15050:26 August 15044:minvws.nl 14947:26 August 14667:220161067 14534:8 January 14377:8 January 14352:12 August 14066:12 August 13842:29 August 13752:(3): 58. 13746:Resources 13330:2468-9068 13143:144724148 12728:. Brill. 12709:144295342 12693:0192-3234 12590:1573-1480 12484:2041-1723 12393:0006-3568 12178:0013-0613 11972:150386158 11725:2055-4877 11640:6 January 11635:1386-9566 11369:2 October 11365:. ibiblio 10506:Routledge 10125:", 1998, 10072:0027-8424 10017:, p. 269. 9326:26 August 9113:15 August 8792:0920-2064 8703:Nederland 8607:language. 8591:Friesland 8438:karnemelk 8375:rye bread 8345:rookworst 8332:husbandry 8265:Formula 1 8158:World Cup 8130:Euro 2012 8094:in 2020. 7997:Dick Maas 7982:Zwartboek 7954:Hollywood 7776:Eurodance 7733:Heidevolk 7620:accordion 7525:Windmills 7481:Brutalism 7408:Multatuli 7381:Jan Steen 7373:Rembrandt 7283:Dutch art 7256:Groningen 7248:Rotterdam 7244:Eindhoven 7204:Amsterdam 7043:Transport 6957:gymnasium 6904:Education 6898:ietsistic 6887:Pentecost 6859:Buddhists 6847:Sri Lanka 6804:Indonesia 6770:Pentecost 6738:Calvinist 6732:(PKN), a 6701:(14.4%). 6695:Catholics 6681:In 2020, 6676:Calvinist 6504:Low Saxon 6492:Friesland 6481:Hollandic 6441:Friesland 6357:Flevoland 6289:Groningen 6284:Groningen 6250:Eindhoven 6182:The Hague 6148:Rotterdam 6128:The Hague 6109:Apeldoorn 6093:Amsterdam 6085:Rotterdam 6075:Amsterdam 5961:The Hague 5957:Rotterdam 5949:Amsterdam 5917:Rotterdam 5896:700,000, 5890:The Hague 5886:Amsterdam 5866:migration 5803:cucumbers 5638:banknotes 5614:Amsterdam 5577:Shell plc 5448:(Royal): 5329:Indonesia 5276:The Hague 5076:Mainland 5034:1,387,643 5000:3,804,906 4989:Rotterdam 4982:The Hague 4959:1,184,333 4918:2,952,622 4907:Amsterdam 4877:2,626,210 4866:Eindhoven 4836:1,128,367 4791:Groningen 4785:Groningen 4768:2,133,708 4710:Friesland 4669:Flevoland 4609:Land area 4595:Province 4557:gemeenten 4527:Provinces 4500:A cabinet 4418:De Wallen 4357:bicameral 4246:in 2022. 4220:Binnenhof 4114:Venezuela 4018:ecoregion 3915:emissions 3823:estuaries 3753:Zuiderzee 3738:windmills 3700:swampland 3676:Biesbosch 3610:ice sheet 3589:periods. 3550:Friesland 3542:Zuiderzee 3479:estuaries 3452:foothills 3408:Geography 3380:dissolved 3356:sexuality 3216:Rotterdam 2992:. In the 2935:Amsterdam 2908:Indonesia 2882:in 1652. 2832:Amsterdam 2776:The Hague 2748:Friesland 2744:Groningen 2687:Philip IV 2563:Charles V 2544:Amsterdam 2498:William I 2461:Charles V 2293:Lothair I 2261:Friesland 2259:ruler of 2211:Traiectum 2205:and King 2203:Aldegisel 2111:Texandria 2106:foederati 1987:culture. 1859:Neolithic 1814:from the 1681:Old Dutch 1673:Latinised 1652:fashion. 1638:religious 1528:The term 1499:Niderlant 1365:Etymology 1225:The Hague 1221:Rotterdam 1217:Amsterdam 1175:. In the 1163:sea level 1145:Friesland 1135:with the 1129:North Sea 1109:Caribbean 1037:UTC−04:00 1027:UTC+02:00 1000:UTC−04:00 990:UTC+01:00 982:Time zone 942:very high 852:(nominal) 538:Religion 393:The Hague 352:Amsterdam 163:Wilhelmus 70:Nederland 18:Nederland 19216:52°N 6°E 19128:Partners 19078:Suriname 19067:Flanders 18866:Holy See 18815:Slovenia 18810:Slovakia 18790:Portugal 18655:Bulgaria 18572:Congress 18471:Slovenia 18466:Slovakia 18456:Portugal 18354:Bulgaria 18192:Slovenia 18187:Slovakia 18177:Portugal 18082:Bulgaria 18002:Category 17987:Holy See 17937:Scotland 17907:Svalbard 17892:of 1921) 17828:Guernsey 17823:Alderney 17713:Abkhazia 17647:Slovenia 17642:Slovakia 17617:Portugal 17477:Bulgaria 17357:Category 17292:Religion 17205:Cannabis 17121:Taxation 17111:Euronext 17065:Military 16931:Abortion 16919:Politics 16676:Guelders 16659:Flanders 16625:Dorestad 16616:Frisians 16496:Statoids 16433:BBC News 16400:template 16338:(1995). 16148:sport.nl 15896:AllMusic 15817:52849131 15669:Schiphol 15644:Schiphol 15618:Archived 15585:AeroTime 15564:3 August 15539:3 August 15441:3 August 15377:Iamexpat 14828:21 April 14726:30 March 14506:Archived 14487:Archived 14439:3 August 14399:Archived 14330:23 April 14214:29 April 14162:Archived 13836:Archived 13810:3 August 13415:3 August 13354:3 August 13236:3 August 13204:29 April 13177:Archived 13161:NL Times 12541:5 August 12502:33293507 12411:28608869 12182:Archived 12094:Archived 12066:Archived 12042:12836850 11743:31543980 10462:Archived 10373:52849131 10277:Archived 10143:Archived 10090:22308348 10005:Archived 9987:(2006). 9934:ensie.nl 9780:31 March 9748:31 March 9651:11 March 9532:"Franks" 9438:11 March 9159:20613812 9043:13 March 9009:Eurostat 8985:16 April 8786:. 2021. 8646:in 2011. 8525:See also 8512:Trappist 8475:and the 8434:mustards 8418:Beemster 8394:Advocaat 8363:zuurkool 8351:stamppot 8340:Gelderse 8336:metworst 8275:. Dutch 8247:won the 8235:won the 8216:and the 8212:won the 8138:Football 8124:against 8056:dubbed. 7962:(1987), 7939:Spetters 7853:Afrojack 7813:Hardwell 7793:Nederhop 7778:project 7763:and duo 7729:Textures 7671:Current 7655:Doe Maar 7631:Nederpop 7622:and the 7537:cannabis 7501:'s moon 7473:De Stijl 7115:HSL-Zuid 6953:atheneum 6889:and the 6853:such as 6839:Hinduism 6742:Lutheran 6711:Hinduism 6707:Buddhism 6640:Catholic 6609:Religion 6548:and the 6453:Language 6445:127,088 6420:Nijmegen 6411:130,872 6377:156,599 6343:157,215 6334:Zaanstad 6309:158,712 6275:159,346 6241:160,383 6232:Enschede 6207:162,914 6173:164,096 6118:165,648 6057:Province 6041:Province 5941:Randstad 5925:Eurostat 5908:40,000. 5904:and the 5894:Frisians 5653:Eurozone 5622:Euronext 5565:Rabobank 5561:ABN AMRO 5549:Heineken 5545:Randstad 5417:and the 5410:Cold War 5339:Military 5333:Suriname 5119:Capital 4948:Enschede 4757:Nijmegen 4675:Lelystad 4598:Capital 4587:enclaves 4583:exclaves 4480:Liberals 4175:and the 4090:Anguilla 3976:wetlands 3956:forestry 3895:COVID-19 3622:Nijmegen 3526:fiefdoms 3309:Suriname 3187:Suriname 3178:Java War 3155:rebelled 2996:and the 2963:Rampjaar 2896:Suriname 2864:colonies 2858:and the 2852:painting 2792:Flanders 2695:de facto 2635:Gembloux 2556:wetlands 2532:Habsburg 2516:Imperial 2403:Flanders 2368:Flanders 2243:Boniface 2219:Dorestad 2191:Frisians 2145:Clovis I 2060:Voorburg 2056:Nijmegen 2036:Augustus 2034:. Under 2032:Eburones 2030:and the 2004:Flanders 1935:Germanic 1912:Iron Age 1782:reindeer 1692:Germanic 1597:Scottish 1516:In most 1445:Inferior 1394:toponymy 1327:Eurozone 1307:Schiphol 1281:has the 1187:and the 953:Currency 694:31 seats 505:Moroccan 19245:Benelux 19149:Related 19104:Curaçao 19063:Belgium 19056:Members 18975:Belgium 18964:Benelux 18840:Ukraine 18795:Romania 18755:Moldova 18720:Ireland 18715:Iceland 18710:Hungary 18700:Germany 18695:Georgia 18685:Finland 18680:Estonia 18675:Denmark 18660:Croatia 18645:Belgium 18635:Austria 18630:Armenia 18625:Andorra 18620:Albania 18612:Members 18461:Romania 18416:Ireland 18411:Hungary 18401:Germany 18391:Finland 18386:Estonia 18381:Denmark 18359:Croatia 18349:Belgium 18344:Austria 18286:Iceland 18182:Romania 18137:Ireland 18132:Hungary 18122:Germany 18112:Finland 18107:Estonia 18102:Denmark 18087:Croatia 18077:Belgium 18072:Austria 18059:of the 17932:England 17875:Finland 17755:Denmark 17672:Ukraine 17622:Romania 17582:Moldova 17542:Ireland 17537:Iceland 17532:Hungary 17522:Germany 17517:Georgia 17507:Finland 17502:Estonia 17497:Denmark 17482:Croatia 17467:Belgium 17462:Belarus 17452:Austria 17447:Armenia 17442:Andorra 17437:Albania 17348:Outline 17302:Symbols 17215:Cuisine 17183:Culture 17154:Cycling 17131:Tourism 17084:Economy 17030:Monarch 16936:Cabinet 16880:Regions 16870:Mammals 16860:Islands 16672:Brabant 16663:Holland 16629:Utrecht 16594:Chamavi 16572:History 16402:below ( 16309:Sources 16021:26 July 15902:30 June 15748:Bibcode 15371:Wedia. 14921:Student 14875:3 April 14129:30 June 14044:9 April 14037:Science 13936:20 June 13583:11 June 13511:2 April 13489:2 April 13064:18 July 12598:8304158 12570:Bibcode 12493:7723057 12464:Bibcode 12435:13 June 12402:5451287 12188:4 April 12145:4 April 12050:1054016 12014:Bibcode 11734:6743690 11705:Bibcode 11460:21 June 11435:21 June 11238:21 June 11213:21 June 11187:21 June 10926:21 June 10846:21 June 10764:21 June 10591:21 June 10565:21 June 10540:21 June 10111:: 4–11. 10081:3277516 10050:Bibcode 10011:6 April 9465:26 June 9087:11 July 8826:21 July 8587:Bonaire 8491:Moorkop 8473:Limburg 8462:shrimps 8458:oysters 8450:mussels 8385:juniper 8380:Jenever 8357:hutspot 8302:Hutspot 8287:Cuisine 8176:(#19), 8126:Denmark 8092:Banijay 8065:tycoons 8061:Endemol 7959:RoboCop 7867:in the 7833:W&W 7721:Izegrim 7643:Tee Set 7517:with a 7491:Spinoza 7487:Erasmus 7266:Culture 7156:Denmark 7147:Cycling 7125:Cycling 6824:Somalia 6800:Surinam 6792:Morocco 6762:Zeeland 6722:Limburg 6703:Muslims 6652:(14.4%) 6642:(19.8%) 6632:(55.4%) 6595:Turkish 6572:Bonaire 6556:English 6546:Yiddish 6542:Limburg 6528:Drenthe 6516:Tweants 6496:Fryslân 6429:179,073 6395:184,716 6361:218,096 6327:224,702 6318:Tilburg 6305:Utrecht 6293:234,649 6259:238,478 6225:361,924 6221:Utrecht 6216:Utrecht 6198:Haarlem 6191:552,995 6157:656,050 6138:Utrecht 6102:905,234 5973:Utrecht 5969:Utrecht 5874:Turkish 5677:Central 5630:guilder 5581:Philips 5501:Economy 5435:war law 5386:of the 5366:of the 5362:Holland 5316:and to 5148:Bonaire 5132:Density 5129:(2023) 5116:Island 5068:391,124 5051:Zeeland 5023:Utrecht 5017:Utrecht 4900:Haarlem 4819:Limburg 4802:596,075 4727:659,551 4693:444,701 4652:502,051 4635:Drenthe 4619:Density 4616:(2023) 4478:), and 4460:in 1917 4355:to the 4253:is the 4251:monarch 4139:Bonaire 4118:climate 4094:Curaçao 4074:Curaçao 4068:In the 4052:Bonaire 3996:Scheldt 3992:estuary 3807:Zeeland 3742:polders 3614:moraine 3602:estuary 3583:glacial 3576:aeolian 3572:coastal 3568:deltaic 3556:Geology 3503:Schelde 3499:Scheldt 3489:), the 3384:Bonaire 3313:Benelux 3301:Surinam 3222:in 1940 3006:barrier 2912:Formosa 2842:In the 2838:in 1656 2823:(1620s) 2800:Limburg 2796:Brabant 2780:Drenthe 2752:Utrecht 2740:Zeeland 2736:Holland 2612:Antwerp 2610:seized 2608:tercios 2599:Haarlem 2575:Spanish 2407:Utrecht 2392:castles 2380:Utrecht 2376:Brabant 2364:Hainaut 2360:Holland 2215:Utrecht 2195:Frisian 2028:Menapii 2008:Pytheas 2000:Holland 1914:Celtic 1840:Drenthe 1836:dolmens 1805:Drenthe 1792:. From 1771:nomadic 1767:Ice Age 1706:History 1688:þeodisc 1684:Dietsch 1665:demonym 1628:Flemish 1620:Holland 1610:Holland 1602:Holland 1585:Holland 1560:Utrecht 1531:Holland 1524:Holland 1429:Low(er) 1423:Lage(r) 1386:Belgium 1351:Benelux 1309:is the 1301:is the 1291:Cabinet 1242:with a 1233:capital 1229:Utrecht 1168:polders 1125:Belgium 1121:Germany 1107:in the 1097:Holland 687:• 665:• 650:• 621:• 608:Monarch 606:• 499:Turkish 468:Yiddish 430:English 361:52°22′N 345:Capital 128:: 18881:Mexico 18871:Israel 18861:Canada 18835:Turkey 18825:Sweden 18805:Serbia 18785:Poland 18780:Norway 18760:Monaco 18730:Latvia 18705:Greece 18690:France 18665:Cyprus 18500:, and 18481:Sweden 18451:Poland 18426:Latvia 18406:Greece 18396:France 18371:Cyprus 18310:Norway 18202:Sweden 18172:Poland 18147:Latvia 18127:Greece 18117:France 18092:Cyprus 17900:Norway 17718:Kosovo 17667:Turkey 17657:Sweden 17637:Serbia 17627:Russia 17612:Poland 17607:Norway 17587:Monaco 17557:Latvia 17527:Greece 17512:France 17487:Cyprus 17421:Europe 17362:Portal 17307:Anthem 17272:People 17210:Cinema 17106:Energy 16885:Rivers 16830:Cities 16620:Franks 16612:Saxons 16598:Batavi 16590:Frisii 16504:Travel 16419:Curlie 16405:Curlie 16373: 16350: 16324: 16278: 16268: 16158:1 June 16089:Forbes 16070: 15875:7 July 15837: 15815: 15805: 15768: 15484:. 2022 15299:7 July 15211: 15201: 15166:7 July 15144:7 July 15100:7 July 15024:16 May 14901:9 June 14851: 14776: 14758:17 May 14665: 14622: 14587: 13901:8 July 13441:22 May 13411:. 2013 13328: 13269: 13141: 12867:7 June 12812:2 July 12784:3 July 12732: 12707: 12699: 12691: 12596: 12588: 12500: 12490: 12482: 12409: 12399: 12391: 12344:UNESCO 12296:"Home" 12280:16 May 12276:. 2019 12274:unfccc 12251:9 July 12176: 12048: 12040: 11970: 11860:7 July 11786: 11741: 11731: 11723: 11633: 11605: 11504:. 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11437:2023 11411:2012 11371:2009 11349:2015 11318:2004 11289:ISBN 11240:2023 11215:2023 11189:2023 11158:ISBN 11085:ISBN 11004:ISBN 10979:ISBN 10949:ISBN 10928:2023 10902:2012 10869:ISBN 10848:2023 10766:2023 10666:2020 10653:ISBN 10593:2023 10567:2023 10542:2023 10510:ISBN 10483:ISBN 10446:2017 10428:ISBN 10394:ISBN 10369:OCLC 10359:ISBN 10306:2019 10208:2017 10165:ISBN 10086:PMID 10068:ISSN 10013:2016 9995:ISBN 9970:2023 9941:2023 9913:2023 9888:2022 9862:2023 9835:2023 9809:2023 9782:2014 9750:2014 9721:2023 9682:2012 9653:2013 9620:ISBN 9593:ISBN 9572:2014 9550:2014 9512:ISBN 9489:2021 9467:2013 9440:2016 9407:2013 9381:2019 9356:2020 9328:2016 9294:2022 9266:2021 9241:2021 9216:2021 9185:ISBN 9181:1208 9155:PMID 9115:2014 9089:2020 9067:2014 9045:2024 9016:2023 8987:2024 8950:2021 8921:2021 8896:2021 8828:2023 8799:2021 8788:ISSN 8763:2017 8581:and 8579:Saba 8493:and 8471:and 8460:and 8454:eels 8416:and 8410:Edam 8330:and 8328:game 8255:the 8152:The 8116:and 8080:and 8070:and 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