1890:
1340:
1904:
1458:
221:
1655:
4136:
1682:"; Thomas Dew was among those writers. Other Southern writers began to promote a paternalistic ideal of improved Christian treatment of slaves, in part to avoid such rebellions. Dew and others believed that they were civilizing Blacks, who were then still mostly American-born through slavery. The writings were collected in
36:
1626:
published excerpts from a letter to the editor saying that many people in the South believed the newspaper had a link to the revolt and that if
Garrison were to go to the South, he "would not be permitted to live long... he would be taken away, and no one is the wiser for it... if Mr. Garrison were
1277:
Turner eagerly anticipated God's signal to "slay my enemies with their own weapons". He began preparations for an uprising against the slaveholders in
Southampton County. Turner said, "I communicated the great work laid out to do, to four in whom I had the greatest confidence," fellow slaves Henry,
1483:
On
October 30, 1831, a farmer named Benjamin Phipps discovered Turner hiding in Southampton County in a depression in the earth, created by a large, fallen tree covered with fence rails. Around 1 p.m. on October 31, Turner arrived at the prison in Jerusalem. While awaiting trial, Turner confessed
1646:
The pamphlet has one defect – we mean its style. The confession of the culprit is given, as it were, from his lips – (and when read to him, he admitted its statements to be correct) – but the language is far superior to what Nat Turner could have employed – Portions of it are even eloquently and
1423:
He will not specify all the instances that he is bound to believe have occurred but pass in silence what has happened, with the expression of his deepest sorrow, that any necessity should be supposed to have existed, to justify a single act of atrocity. But he feels himself bound to declare, and
1332:" The rebels also avoided the Giles Reese plantation, even though it was en route, likely because Turner wanted to keep his wife and children safe. Turner confessed to killing only one person, Margaret Whitehead, whom he killed with a blow from a fence post. The last house to be attacked was the
1666:
In the aftermath of the revolt, Whites did not try to interpret Turner's motives and ideas. Antebellum slave-owners were shocked by the rebellion and feared further slave violence; to them, Turner became "a symbol of terrorism and violent retribution." Images, such as the one to the right, were
1269:
Turner began communicating his plans to a small circle of trusted fellow slaves. "All his initial recruits were other slaves from his neighborhood". These scattered men had to find ways to communicate their intentions without revealing the plot. Songs may have tipped the neighborhood members to
1647:
classically expressed. – This is calculated to cast some shade of doubt over the authenticity of the narrative, and to give the Bandit a character for intelligence which he does not deserve, and ought not to have received. – In all other respects, the confession appears to be faithful and true.
1240:
56 enslaved people accused of participating in the rebellion, including Turner himself; many Blacks who had not participated were also persecuted in the frenzy. Because Turner was educated and was a preacher, Southern state legislatures subsequently passed new laws prohibiting the education of
1667:
published and depicted armed Black men attacking White men, women, and children; these " haunted white southerners and showed slave owners how vulnerable they were." Northern and
Southern states shared many of the same fears; a proposal to create a college for African Americans in
1306:
The rebellion expanded from several trusted slaves to over seventy enslaved and free Blacks, some of whom were on horseback. They were armed with knives, hatchets, and blunt instruments; firearms were too difficult to collect and would have drawn unwanted attention
1358:
before being defeated by the militia, making it the deadliest slave revolt in U.S. history. The militia had twice the manpower of the rebels and three companies of artillery. Turner was not captured but survived in hiding for more than 30 days afterward.
1270:
movements: "It is believed that one of the ways Turner summoned fellow conspirators to the woods was through the use of particular songs." According to author Terry Bisson, Turner entrusted his wife with "his most secret plans and papers". In a report by
3851:
1712:, says that the revolt "marked the turning point in the black struggle for liberation." According to Harris, Turner believed that "only a cataclysmic act could convince the architects of a violent social order that violence begets violence."
1499:
Dozens of suspected rebels were tried by courts specially convened for the rebellion. Turner was tried on
November 5, 1831, for "conspiring to rebel and making insurrection", and was convicted and sentenced to death. His attorney was
1235:
There was widespread fear amongst the White population in the aftermath of the rebellion. Militia and mobs killed as many as 120 enslaved people and free
African Americans in retaliation. After trials, the Commonwealth of Virginia
1310:
The rebels killed White people without discriminating for age or sex. Turner's slaveowner and his family were the first to be killed. The rebels then traveled from house to house, freeing slaves and killing Whites. Historian
1290:
on
February 12, 1831, was visible in Virginia and much of the southeastern United States; Turner envisioned this as a Black man's hand reaching over the sun. Illness prevented Turner from starting the rebellion as planned on
2042:
1295:, July 4, 1831. The conspirators used the delay to extend planning. On August 13, an atmospheric disturbance made the Virginia sun appear bluish-green, possibly the result of a volcanic plume produced by the eruption of
1569:
and criminal punishment by slavery and relocation. The VGA received petitions from at least seven slave owners asking to be compensated for slaves lost without trial because of the insurrection; they were all rejected.
1396:
In
Southampton County, Blacks suspected of participating in the rebellion were beheaded by the militia, and "their severed heads were mounted on poles at crossroads as a grisly form of intimidation". A local road (now
1418:
described the scene as "the slaughter of many blacks without trial and under circumstances of great barbarity". The violence continued for two weeks after the rebellion. General Eppes ordered a halt to the killing:
3188:
1876:
spoke in interviews about Nat Turner and his admiration for his spirit against oppression. Shakur also honored Turner with a cross tattoo on his back "EXODUS 1831", referring to the year Turner led the
1707:
African
Americans have generally regarded Turner as a resistance hero for avenging the suffering of Africans and African Americans. James H. Harris, who has written extensively about the history of the
3943:
1651:
Gray's work is the primary historical document regarding Nat Turner but some modern historians, specifically David F. Allmendinger Jr., have also questioned the validity of his portrayal of Turner.
1543:
and
Meriwether Brodnax. 30 slaves were convicted, of which 18 were hanged and 12 were sold out of state; 15 were acquitted. Four of the five free Blacks tried were acquitted; the fifth was hanged.
1834:
in 1968. It prompted much controversy, with some criticizing a white author writing about such an important black figure and calling him racist for portraying Turner as lusting for a white woman.
1266:
in the early 19th century. He thought that revolutionary violence would force Whites to acknowledge the brutality of slavery. Turner said he wanted to spread "terror and alarm" among Whites.
4167:
1599:
Other Southern slave-holding states also enacted legal restrictions on Black activities. Possession of abolitionist publications was criminalized in Virginia and other Southern states.
2034:
2638:
1528:, and the skin was used to make souvenir purses. In October 1897, Virginia newspapers reported that the skeleton was being used as a medical specimen by Dr. H. U. Stephenson of
1241:
enslaved people and free Blacks, restricting rights of assembly and other civil liberties for free Blacks, and requiring White ministers to be present at all worship services.
1324:, "Turner declared that 'indiscriminate slaughter was not their intention after they attained a foothold, and was resorted to in the first instance to strike terror and alarm.
917:
5039:
3196:
1779:, near Courtland, Virginia. In December 2021, the Virginia Department of Cultural Resources dedicated the "Blackhead Signpost Road" historic marker the intersection of
3073:
1573:
The VGA debated the future of slavery the following spring. Some urged gradual emancipation, but the pro-slavery side prevailed after Virginia's leading intellectual,
2757:
3135:
4160:
2985:
Recent studies which review various estimates for the number of enslaved and free Blacks killed without trial, giving a range of from 23 killed to over 200 killed.
3966:
1760:
1248:
4183:
1932:
1188:
91:
3671:
3444:
1472:, Turner's wife Cherry was "beaten and tortured in an attempt to get her to reveal his plans and whereabouts." Following a raid on the Reese plantation, the
3939:
1691:
Some Virginians wanted to remove all Blacks from the state Tidewater and Piedmont regions or deport all from the state. In 1852, the Virginia branch of the
5706:
5097:
321:
266:
4153:
2075:
1937:
1678:
The fear caused by Turner's rebellion and the concerns raised in the emancipation debates that followed resulted in politicians and writers defining "
1581:, published "a pamphlet defending the wisdom and benevolence of slavery, and the folly of its abolition". Laws were passed in all slave states except
2340:"The blue suns of 1831: was the eruption of Ferdinandea, near Sicily, one of the largest volcanic climate forcing events of the nineteenth century?"
1638:
sold 40,000 to 50,000 copies, making it a noted source about the rebellion at the time. However, a November 25, 1831, review of the publication by
1424:
hereby announces to the troops and citizens, that no excuse will be allowed for any similar acts of violence, after the promulgation of this order.
1228:, making it the deadliest slave revolt for the latter racial group in U.S. history. The rebellion was effectively suppressed within a few days, at
1274:
immediately following the uprising, Turner's wife Cherry was mentioned as having said that Nat was "digesting" a plan for the revolt "for years".
1679:
1485:
3375:
5701:
2955:
1737:. He described Turner as a man "who knew no book but the Bible, and that by heart who devoted himself soul and body to the cause of his race."
2671:
5696:
5671:
5077:
4703:
4431:
4197:
3093:
1683:
4044:
1412:, and marching on the state capital. The fear and alarm resulted in White violence against Blacks on flimsy pretenses. The editor of the
306:
3414:
2645:
1434:, Reverend G. W. Powell wrote that "many negroes are killed every day. The exact number will never be known." A company of militia from
1328:" A few homes were spared "because Turner believed the poor White inhabitants 'thought no better of themselves than they did of negroes.
1181:
204:
5044:
1772:
1449:
Modern historians concur that the militias and mobs killed as many as 120 Blacks, most of whom were not involved with the rebellion.
3001:
703:
681:
1009:
5686:
5430:
4843:
4509:
1927:
1593:
1552:
1771:
The sword believed to have been used by Turner in the rebellion is displayed at the Southampton County Courthouse. In 1991, the
4000:
1727:, described Nat Turner as "patriotic", saying that "future generations will remember him among the noble and brave." In 1861,
5608:
5568:
5506:
5490:
5006:
4192:
3593:
3023:
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2936:
1303:. Turner took this, like the earlier eclipse, as a divine signal, and started the rebellion a week later on August 21, 1831.
1209:
1174:
1059:
311:
3069:
5360:
4726:
1822:
1045:
344:
3713:
4145:
570:
3799:
3145:
2791:
1408:. Fears led to reports in North Carolina of slave "armies" on highways, burning and massacring the White inhabitants of
1027:
858:
5628:
5406:
4078:
3767:
3331:
3175:
2914:
2887:
2860:
2832:
2710:
2621:
2596:
2521:
2319:
2298:
2259:
2141:
1992:
1978:
645:
352:
5588:
5173:
5070:
3835:
3628:
2501:
2448:
2418:
2009:
1802:
1634:, based on research he conducted while Turner was in hiding and from conversations with Turner before the trial. The
1612:
362:
187:
5666:
5583:
5203:
4596:
4395:
3913:
3679:
1627:
to go to the South, he would be dispatched immediately... opinion expressed by persons at the South, repeatedly."
1292:
3452:
1969:
Brodhead, Richard H. "Millennium, Prophecy and the Energies of Social Transformation: The Case of Nat Turner." in
1535:
Most of Turner's alleged conspirators were tried in Southampton County, with some trials occurring in neighboring
5471:
5466:
5383:
1435:
935:
582:
1740:
In 1988, Turner was included in the Black Americans of Achievement biography series for children, with the book
725:
5640:
5558:
5086:
2235:
3109:
2067:
5618:
5603:
5416:
5333:
5235:
4271:
1692:
1562:
1286:
Beginning in February 1831, Turner interpreted atmospheric conditions as signs to prepare for the revolt. An
491:
5532:
5240:
5063:
4824:
4614:
4366:
2732:
2553:
1942:
1784:
1716:
1443:
1263:
1213:
968:
316:
84:
76:
5676:
5451:
5344:
4643:
4638:
4619:
4590:
4348:
4276:
1856:
1578:
1566:
1480:
also published in 1831, journal entries belonging to Turner were "in her possession after Nat's escape."
609:
20:
4091:
1464:
c. 1884 wood engraving by William Henry Shelton, illustrating Benjamin Phipps's capture of w:Nat Turner.
468:
5681:
5613:
5598:
5578:
5512:
5501:
5179:
4867:
4818:
4665:
4342:
3478:
3361:
Review of the debate [on the abolition of slavery] in the Virginia legislature of 1831 and 1832
2353:
1831:
1728:
1476:
reported on September 26, 1831, that "some papers given up by his wife, under the lash." According to
1409:
1351:
1343:
1229:
831:
600:
3852:"'The haunted houses': Legacy of Nat Turner's slave rebellion lingers, but reminders are disappearing"
3784:
2548:
5661:
4936:
4919:
4901:
3510:
3483:
3309:
1947:
1869:, in the line, "Hosanna Santa invoked and woke up enslaved people from Southampton to Chatham Manor."
1617:
1558:
1120:
5339:
4960:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4545:
3740:
2133:
1917:
1398:
500:
388:
286:
3800:"Nat Turner's Insurrection: An Account of America's Bloodiest Slave Revolt, and its Repercussions"
3039:
1763:, said, "The Nat Turner rebellion is probably the most significant uprising in American history."
1438:, reportedly killed forty Blacks in one day and took $ 23 and a gold watch from the dead. Captain
1251:, said, "The Nat Turner rebellion is probably the most significant uprising in American history."
5401:
5166:
4955:
4305:
3275:
3054:
Thomas R. Gray and William Styron: Finally, A Critical Look at the 1831 Confessions of Nat Turner
2201:
1922:
1780:
1776:
1536:
1115:
212:
4084:
3914:"Activists are commemorating Black August. Here's the history behind the month-long celebration"
3089:
1685:
The Pro-Slavery Argument, As Maintained by the Most Distinguished Writers of the Southern States
1367:
Within a day of suppressing the rebellion, the local militia was joined by detachments from the
5634:
5593:
5292:
4872:
4479:
4473:
4265:
3474:
1668:
1608:
1446:, condemned the acts "because it was tantamount to theft from the White owners of the slaves".
1080:
1000:
557:
291:
192:
3304:
2410:
2404:
2338:
Garrison, Christopher; Kilburn, Christopher; Smart, David; Edwards, Stephen (August 5, 2021).
1837:
In response to Styron's novel, ten African-American writers published a collection of essays,
5573:
5456:
5421:
5396:
5349:
4965:
4788:
4287:
4281:
3422:
2125:
1720:
1540:
1390:
1333:
751:
712:
690:
296:
1596:, and restricting Blacks from holding religious meetings without a licensed White minister.
1468:
Turner eluded capture for six weeks but remained in Southampton County. According to author
1232:
on the morning of August 23, but Turner survived in hiding for more than 30 days afterward.
1095:
5215:
5018:
4931:
4806:
4800:
4794:
4584:
4378:
4372:
1895:
1672:
1501:
1155:
1145:
1140:
881:
840:
804:
618:
530:
503:
301:
256:
4175:
4026:"Hosanna Santa invoked and woke up enslaved individuals from Southampton to Chatham Manor"
3703:"Considering William and Mary's History with Slavery: The Case of President Thomas R. Dew"
3505:
8:
5691:
5461:
5436:
5355:
5298:
5286:
5102:
4782:
4682:
4608:
4311:
4246:
3856:
3140:
2758:"State Historical Marker 'Blackhead Signpost Road' To Be Dedicated in Southampton County"
2344:
2095:
1574:
1513:
1509:
1355:
1225:
539:
1971:
Imagining the End: Visions of Apocalypse from the Ancient Middle East to Modern America.
5446:
5191:
5154:
4812:
4720:
4515:
4323:
4317:
4214:
3940:"'The Birth Of A Nation' Adds To Cast; Ryan Gosling In Talks For 'The Haunted Mansion'"
3645:
3257:
3249:
2949:
2438:
2375:
2182:
1749:
1368:
1296:
1237:
1130:
743:
663:
233:
3742:
2479:
The Confessions of Nat Turner, the Leader of the Late Insurrections in Southampton, Va
1973:
A. Amanat and M. Bernhardsson, editors. London: I. B. Tauris, 2002. pp. 212–233.
1865:'s song "How Great" refers to Turner's rebellion, along with the 1805 slave revolt at
443:
5537:
5309:
5280:
5185:
5000:
4994:
4925:
4848:
4578:
4484:
4219:
4131:
4049:
3974:
3861:
3831:
3763:
3624:
3599:
3589:
3359:
3327:
3261:
3241:
3171:
3019:
2974:
2932:
2910:
2883:
2856:
2828:
2736:
2706:
2617:
2592:
2517:
2497:
2444:
2414:
2379:
2367:
2315:
2294:
2255:
2231:
2186:
2174:
2137:
2005:
1988:
1974:
1862:
1401:) was called "Blackhead Signpost Road" after it became the site of one such display.
1382:
1375:
1320:
1221:
1085:
849:
800:
627:
271:
4001:"How a College Music Department Helped Unearth a Long-Lost Philly Funk-Soul Classic"
2280:. Baltimore, Maryland: Lucas & Deaver, p. 11. via Documenting the American South
1160:
5553:
5148:
4911:
4526:
4495:
4257:
4140:
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2902:
2875:
2848:
2820:
2698:
2584:
2544:
2400:
2357:
2166:
1997:
1959:
1733:
1312:
1018:
512:
425:
281:
2477:
2339:
2278:
Confessions of Nat Turner, the Leader of the Late Insurrections in Southampton, Va
2274:
1508:
served on the jury. Turner was hanged on November 11, 1831, in the county seat of
1125:
241:
5563:
5274:
5197:
5142:
5130:
5124:
5055:
4770:
4751:
4745:
4676:
4401:
4240:
4114:
3741:
Workers of the Writers’ Program of the Work Projects Administration, ed. (1941).
3097:
3077:
2079:
1909:
1529:
1287:
1110:
1100:
958:
773:
591:
548:
411:
370:
276:
19:
This article is about the historical event. For the American funk/soul band, see
3043:. Washington, D.C.: The Neale Company. p. 13, 151-153. via Internet Archive
1731:, a White Northern writer, praised Turner in a seminal article published in the
1539:
or other nearby counties. French represented many of the defendants, along with
5327:
5315:
5118:
4982:
4648:
4416:
4297:
4180:
4127:
3702:
3515:
2482:. Baltimore, MD: Lucas & Deaver – via Documenting the American South.
2333:
2331:
1827:
1505:
1488:
1386:
1271:
908:
754:
237:
3556:
3506:"Letter to the editor: A Highly Respectable Clergyman from a Neighboring Town"
2943:
High estimates have been widely accepted in both academic and popular sources.
5655:
5441:
5372:
5268:
5262:
5245:
5160:
5012:
4988:
4895:
4890:
4520:
4465:
4407:
4206:
3978:
3865:
3603:
3530:
3245:
2371:
2178:
1866:
1439:
1430:
1414:
1135:
1090:
899:
867:
813:
461:
106:
93:
3380:
Workers of the Writers Program of the Work Projects Administration, compiler
3002:
Letter to Louis Kossuth: Concerning Freedom and Slavery in the United States
2636:
2328:
5426:
5321:
5250:
4776:
4630:
4602:
4570:
4454:
4334:
4231:
4225:
4085:
Nat Turner's Revolt: Rebellion and Response in Southampton County, Virginia
3823:
3419:
ChickenBones: A Journal for Literary & Artistic African-American Themes
2434:
1873:
1756:
1745:
1724:
1709:
1517:
1469:
1244:
1105:
791:
402:
3583:
2929:
The Land Shall Be Deluged in Blood: A New History of the Nat Turner Revolt
2170:
1987:
Emmanuel S. Nelson, ed. Westport: Greenwood Press, 2005. pp. 497–98.
5366:
5304:
4503:
2130:
Theorizing Scriptures: New Critical Orientations to a Cultural Phenomenon
1985:
The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Multiethnic American Literature, 5 volumes.
1808:
989:
949:
380:
3136:"Exclusive: Inside the Quest to Return Nat Turner's Skull to His Family"
2202:"'Go in de wilderness': Evading the 'Eyes of Others' in the Slave Songs"
1315:
states that Turner called on his group to "kill all the white people".
35:
5411:
5255:
5209:
5136:
4712:
3253:
3053:
2362:
1521:
1404:
Rumors quickly spread that the slave revolt had spread as far south as
1259:
1217:
1150:
654:
561:
154:
3618:
1457:
1339:
734:
5524:
5391:
4688:
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1654:
1590:
716:
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472:
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392:
220:
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3219:
3016:
Neo-slave Narratives: Studies in the Social Logic of a Literary Form
2639:"National Register of Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: Belmont"
2443:(7th ed.). New York: Holt, Rhinehart and Winston. p. 286.
4882:
4859:
4737:
4358:
3788:. Philadelphia: Joseph M. Wilson, 1865. pp. 44–51. via Hathi Trust.
3747:. Oxford University Press. p. 64 – via Internet Archive.
3514:. Boston, Massachusetts. September 10, 1831. p. 1 – via
1783:
and Meherrin Road. Nat Turner's Rebellion is celebrated as part of
1635:
1586:
1582:
890:
822:
782:
4108:
4122:
2909:. 5th edition. New York: International Publishers, 1983., p. 201
2882:. 5th edition. New York: International Publishers, 1983, p. 301.
2855:. 5th edition. New York: International Publishers, 1983, p. 301.
2827:. 5th edition. New York: International Publishers, 1983, p. 301.
2729:
Trial Separation: Murfreesboro, North Carolina, and the Civil War
2705:. 5th edition. New York: International Publishers, 1983, p. 300.
1696:
1525:
1405:
1354:
on the morning of August 23. The rebels killed between 55 and 65
672:
636:
579:
521:
261:
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2740:
4762:
2035:"Descendants of Va. family donate Nat Turner's Bible to museum"
1300:
2293:. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2014. pp. 21–22.
4835:
4025:
3060:, vol. 37, no. 3, pp. 332–61. JSTOR, retrieved 23 Sept. 2023.
3398:
Gray-White, Deborah; Bay, Mia; Martin, Waldo E. Jr. (2013).
2409:(6th ed.). New York: International Publishers. p.
5040:
List of incidents of civil unrest in Colonial North America
4947:
4537:
4440:
4176:
3415:"Up From Slavery: A Documentary History of Negro Education"
2644:. Virginia Department of Historic Resources. Archived from
2337:
1775:
dedicated the "Nat Turner Insurrection" historic marker on
1036:
979:
926:
2637:
Virginia Historic Landmarks Commission Staff (July 1973).
3090:
Proceedings on the Southampton Insurrection, Aug–Nov 1831
2591:. 5th edition. New York: International Publishers, 1983.
40:
Location of the rebellion in Southampton County, Virginia
4045:"Unfortunate Son: The roots of Tupac Shakur's rebellion"
2735:: Murfreesboro Historical Association, Inc. p. 10.
3473:
1761:
National Museum of African American History and Culture
1660:
Authentic and Impartial Narrative of the Tragical Scene
1385:
and militias from neighboring counties in Virginia and
1249:
National Museum of African American History and Culture
2157:
Kaye, Anthony (2007). "Neighborhoods and Nat Turner".
1933:
List of incidents of civil unrest in the United States
1658:
Nat Turner's Rebellion as depicted in Samuel Warner's
1611:
published an article called "The Insurrection" in the
3445:"Deed of Manumission for Francis Drake, May 23, 1791"
3110:"Nat Turner executed in Virginia | November 11, 1831"
5098:
Slavery in the colonial history of the United States
3402:. New York: Bedford/St. Martin's, 2013. p. 225.
3324:
Nat Turner: A Slave Rebellion in History and Memory.
3168:
The Rebellious Slave: Nat Turner in American Memory.
2471:
2469:
2467:
1983:
Nishikawa, Kinohi. "The Confessions of Nat Turner."
1885:
4092:
The Confessions of Nat Turner and Related Documents
3620:
Nat Turner: a slave rebellion in history and memory
3397:
2672:"Nat Turner to Be Included on Monument in Richmond"
2614:
Nat Turner: A Slave Rebellion in History and Memory
2254:. Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 64.
2002:
The Fires of Jubilee: Nat Turner's Fierce Rebellion
1938:
Slave rebellion and resistance in the United States
5085:
3400:Freedom on my mind: A History of African Americans
3345:Freedom on My Mind: A History of African Americans
1807:the 2016 film starring, produced, and directed by
3967:"How The Birth of a Nation Uses Fact and Fiction"
3700:
2722:
2720:
2718:
2616:. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004. p. 146.
2464:
5653:
4087:Ph.D. dissertation, University of Georgia, 2005.
3170:Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin. 2004, p. 278-279.
3070:Southampton Co., VA, Court Minute Book 1830–1835
4095:. Kenneth S. Greenberg, ed. Bedford Books, 1996
4079:Nat Turner's Slave Revolt: Map of Turner's Path
3585:Nat Turner and the rising in Southampton County
2971:Nat Turner and the rising in Southampton County
2314:. New York: W.W. Norton & Co. p. 336.
2291:Nat Turner and the Rising in Southampton County
2252:Nat Turner and the Rising in Southampton County
2225:
1594:criminalizing teaching Blacks to read and write
2715:
2694:
2692:
1350:The state militia suppressed the rebellion at
1346:plantation, where the rebellion was suppressed
5071:
4161:
3888:"Nat Turner's Insurrection Historical Marker"
3588:. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
3347:. New York Bedford/St. Martin's. p. 225.
3018:. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 60.
2973:. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
2792:"The Literary Battle for Nat Turner's Legacy"
2516:Yardley: Westholme Publishing, 2016, p. 193.
2433:
1182:
3581:
3220:"The Aftermath of Nat Turner's Insurrection"
2968:
2119:
2117:
5707:Andrew Jackson administration controversies
3798:Higginson, Thomas Wentworth (August 1861).
3623:. Oxford University Press. pp. 24–42.
2689:
2669:
2603:was "hostile to the cause Turner espoused."
1630:In November 1831, Thomas R. Gray published
1484:knowledge of the rebellion to attorney and
5078:
5064:
4168:
4154:
3751:
3342:
3180:
2954:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2230:. Chelsea House Publications. p. 22.
2033:Trescott, Jacqueline (February 16, 2012).
1189:
1175:
5045:Mass racial violence in the United States
3797:
3616:
3235:
2789:
2762:Virginia Department of Historic Resources
2726:
2361:
2114:
2062:
2060:
1773:Virginia Department of Historic Resources
1748:. The book's introduction was written by
1520:to deter further rebellion. The body was
226:Attack and capture of the CrĂŞte-Ă -Pierrot
4137:Works by or about Nat Turner's Rebellion
4042:
3937:
3336:
3217:
2670:Haltiwanger, John (September 21, 2017).
2632:
2630:
2539:
2537:
2535:
2533:
2531:
2529:
2440:American Anthem: Modern American History
2399:
2032:
1653:
1494:
1456:
1338:
3643:
3563:. Richmond, Virginia. November 25, 1831
3187:Gibson, Christine (November 11, 2005).
3005:. R.F. Walcutt. p. 76. via Hathi Trust.
2226:Bisson, Terry; Davenport, John (2005).
2199:
2123:
1928:History of slavery in the United States
1553:Anti-literacy laws in the United States
1546:
176:56 to 85 White men, women, and children
166:Participants tried and executed or sold
5654:
4043:Kitchens, Travis (November 29, 2016).
3885:
3757:
3736:
3734:
3186:
3133:
2995:
2993:
2496:New York: Alfred Knopf, 1972, p. 126.
2492:Simkins, Francis and Roland, Charles.
2057:
1478:The Authentic and Impartial Narrative,
5702:Slave rebellions in the United States
5569:Burning of Winchester Medical College
5507:Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves
5491:An act concerning Servants and Slaves
5059:
4149:
3998:
3964:
3886:Miller, Richard E. (March 20, 2022).
3849:
3719:from the original on February 9, 2014
3376:Virginia: A Guide to the Old Dominion
3326:Oxford University Press, 2003, p.71.
3299:
3297:
3058:The American Journal of Legal History
3033:
3031:
2926:
2785:
2783:
2781:
2779:
2752:
2750:
2627:
2599:pp. 298–299. Aptheker notes that the
2543:
2526:
2309:
2269:
2267:
2221:
2219:
2090:
2088:
1790:
1702:
1516:). According to some sources, he was
230:Combat et prise de la CrĂŞte-Ă -Pierrot
181:10 to 120 Black rebels and non-rebels
5697:Riots and civil disorder in Virginia
5672:African-American history of Virginia
3911:
3744:Virginia A Guide To The Old Dominion
3528:
3127:
2475:
2312:An American History: Give Me Liberty
2206:The Western Journal of Black Studies
2156:
2028:
2026:
1046:Charleston Workhouse Slave Rebellion
16:1831 slave rebellion in Virginia, US
4184:in the history of the United States
4128:Works by Nat Turner and Thomas Grey
3965:Onion, Rebecca (October 14, 2016).
3946:from the original on April 12, 2015
3731:
3676:Virginia Memory Library of Virginia
3571:– via The Nat Turner Project.
3384:New York, Oxford University Press,
3357:
2990:
2045:from the original on April 22, 2017
2004:. New York: HarperPerennial, 1975.
1966:. New York: Humanities Press, 1966.
1872:In the early 1990s, hip hop artist
1671:was overwhelmingly rejected in the
1561:(VGA) targeted free Blacks with an
1010:slave revolt in the Cherokee Nation
13:
5629:Virginia in the American Civil War
5609:John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry
5007:John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry
3294:
3268:
3134:Fornal, Justin (October 7, 2016).
3052:Fabricant, Daniel S. (July 1993) “
3028:
2962:
2920:
2776:
2747:
2663:
2303:
2264:
2244:
2216:
2085:
1953:
1220:, the rebels, made up of enslaved
14:
5718:
5589:District of Columbia retrocession
4995:Washington D.C. Know-Nothing Riot
4072:
3938:Pedersen, Erik (April 10, 2015).
3710:William & Mary Bill of Rights
3652:. State Library of North Carolina
3412:
2790:Tanenhaus, Sam (August 3, 2016).
2023:
1859:was named after the slave revolt.
1811:is about Turner's 1831 rebellion.
1565:, and a police bill denying them
188:origins of the American Civil War
5584:Indentured servitude in Virginia
5232:Presidents of the United States
4727:San Francisco Vigilance Movement
4597:Destruction of Pennsylvania Hall
4510:New York anti-abolitionist riots
4396:Protestant Revolution (Maryland)
3999:Kreps, Daniel (March 26, 2019).
3912:Kaur, Harmeet (August 3, 2020).
3644:Walbert, David; Wood, L. Maren.
3313:(June 2013), volume 91: 1817-80.
2128:. In Wimbush, Vincent L. (ed.).
1902:
1888:
1393:commanded the Virginia militia.
267:Slavery among indigenous peoples
219:
34:
5472:List of plantations in Virginia
4844:Bath anti-Catholic riot of 1854
4036:
4018:
3992:
3958:
3931:
3905:
3879:
3843:
3828:Nat Turner: Slave Revolt Leader
3817:
3791:
3776:
3694:
3664:
3637:
3610:
3582:Allmendinger, David F. (2017).
3575:
3557:"The Confessions of Nat Turner"
3549:
3522:
3498:
3467:
3449:Education @ Library of Virginia
3437:
3406:
3391:
3368:
3351:
3316:
3211:
3160:
3102:
3082:
3063:
3046:
3037:Drewry, William Sydney (1900).
3008:
2969:Allmendinger, David F. (2014).
2892:
2865:
2837:
2809:
2606:
2573:
2506:
2494:A History of the South. 4th ed.
2486:
2427:
2393:
2283:
2228:Nat Turner: Slave Revolt Leader
1742:Nat Turner: Slave Revolt Leader
1436:Hertford County, North Carolina
1254:
5687:History of slavery in Virginia
5641:White House of the Confederacy
5559:African American Burial Ground
5087:History of slavery in Virginia
3892:The Historical Marker Database
3762:. Fortress Press. p. 46.
3617:Greenberg, Kenneth S. (2004).
2931:. New York. pp. 98, 231.
2583:(November 8, 1831), quoted in
2514:The Confederacy at Flood Tide.
2193:
2150:
1362:
1:
5619:Memorial to Enslaved Laborers
5604:Human trafficking in Virginia
5283:(1728–1804), freed 450 slaves
5001:New Orleans Know-Nothing Riot
4272:New York Slave Revolt of 1712
3282:. October 21, 1897. p. 6
3144:. paragraph 7. Archived from
2727:Parramore, Thomas C. (1998).
2460:– via Internet Archive.
2159:Journal of the Early Republic
2016:
1841:The Confessions of Nat Turner
1823:The Confessions of Nat Turner
1815:
1695:sent 243 Black Virginians to
1693:American Colonization Society
1632:The Confessions of Nat Turner
1053:(South Carolina, suppressed)
5533:Franklin and Armfield Office
4639:1824 Hard Scrabble race riot
4615:Muncy Abolition riot of 1842
4367:Gloucester County Conspiracy
4105:March 1, 2018. (audio drama)
3388:p. 78. via Internet Archive.
3343:Gray White, Deborah (2013).
3224:The Journal of Negro History
3040:The Southampton Insurrection
2907:American Negro Slave Revolts
2880:American Negro Slave Revolts
2853:American Negro Slave Revolts
2825:American Negro Slave Revolts
2733:Murfreesboro, North Carolina
2703:American Negro Slave Revolts
2589:American Negro Slave Revolts
2476:Gray, Thomas Ruffin (1831).
2406:American Negro Slave Revolts
2273:Gray, Thomas Ruffin (1831).
2250:Allmendinger, David (2014).
2124:Andrews, William L. (2008).
1964:Nat Turner's Slave Rebellion
1943:Slavery in the United States
1723:, a former slave and active
1602:
1474:Richmond Constitutional Whig
1444:Murfreesboro, North Carolina
1442:, leading a contingent from
1281:
1264:Southampton County, Virginia
1214:Southampton County, Virginia
1204:, historically known as the
726:Curaçao Slave Revolt of 1795
307:British and French Caribbean
213:North American slave revolts
193:North American slave revolts
77:Southampton County, Virginia
49:August 21–23, 1831
7:
5345:Randolph family of Virginia
4620:Philadelphia nativist riots
4349:Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1783
4277:New York Conspiracy of 1741
3290:– via Newspapers.com.
3189:"Nat Turner, Lightning Rod"
2289:Allmendinger Jr., David F.
2068:1831 Nat Turner's Rebellion
1881:
1843:: Ten Black Writers Respond
1579:College of William and Mary
1224:, killed between 55 and 65
21:Nat Turner Rebellion (band)
10:
5723:
5614:Liberation and Freedom Day
5599:Great Dismal Swamp maroons
5579:First Africans in Virginia
5513:Fugitive Slave Act of 1850
5502:Fugitive Slave Act of 1793
4868:Know-Nothing Riots of 1856
4819:Marais des Cygnes massacre
4813:Battles of Franklin's Fort
4666:1811 German Coast uprising
4343:Philadelphia Election riot
3701:Brophy, Alfred L. (2008).
3218:Cromwell, John W. (1920).
3193:American Heritage Magazine
3076:November 11, 2017, at the
2927:Breen, Patrick H. (2015).
2354:European Geosciences Union
2074:, August/September 2006.
1832:Pulitzer Prize for Fiction
1729:Thomas Wentworth Higginson
1680:slavery as a positive good
1557:During the rebellion, the
1550:
1452:
1410:Wilmington, North Carolina
918:Great African Slave Revolt
646:Montserrat slave rebellion
601:Province of South Carolina
345:Santo Domingo Slave Revolt
29:Nat Turner's Rebellion
18:
5546:
5523:
5480:
5382:
5225:
5111:
5093:
5032:
4975:
4946:
4937:New York City draft riots
4920:New York City Police riot
4910:
4902:Detroit race riot of 1863
4881:
4858:
4834:
4761:
4736:
4711:
4702:
4658:
4629:
4569:
4536:
4494:
4464:
4439:
4430:
4388:
4357:
4333:
4296:
4256:
4205:
4191:
3758:Harris, James H. (1995).
3310:North Carolina Law Review
2078:December 3, 2008, at the
1948:1831 in the United States
1855:The 1960s funk-soul band
1766:
1717:National Negro Convention
1715:In an 1843 speech at the
1559:Virginia General Assembly
1216:, in August 1831. Led by
185:
180:
175:
170:
160:
150:
142:
132:Nat Turner's Insurrection
122:
83:
72:
64:
45:
33:
5194:(fl. 1630s, living 1640)
5180:Mary and Anthony Johnson
5169:(Greenstead) (1630–1665)
4961:Cincinnati riots of 1855
4644:1831 Snow Town race riot
4561:Cincinnati riots of 1841
4556:Cincinnati riots of 1836
4551:Cincinnati riots of 1829
3782:Garnet, Henry Highland.
3646:"Nat Turner's Rebellion"
3364:. Richmond: T. W. White.
3096:August 25, 2016, at the
2134:Rutgers University Press
1918:African-American history
1849:
1462:Discovery of Nat Turner,
1399:Virginia State Route 658
1206:Southampton Insurrection
704:Pointe Coupée Conspiracy
469:Santa Fe de Nuevo MĂ©xico
389:Real Audiencia of Panama
129:Southampton Insurrection
5667:19th-century rebellions
5167:Elizabeth Key Grinstead
4956:Cincinnati riot of 1853
4115:Nat Turner's Rebellion"
4109:The Nat Turner Project.
3529:Roth, Sarah N. (2019).
3475:Garrison, William Lloyd
3358:Dew, Thomas R. (1832).
3322:Greenberg, Kenneth S.,
3276:"Nat Turner's Skeleton"
3014:Rushdy, Ashraf (1999).
2999:Kossuth, Lajos (1852).
2847:(September 6, 1831) in
2819:(September 3, 1831) in
2165:(Winter 2007): 705–20.
1923:Back-to-Africa movement
1795:
1781:Virginia State Route 35
1777:Virginia State Route 30
1622:On September 10, 1831,
1563:African relocation bill
1278:Hark, Nelson, and Sam.
1116:Jean-Jacques Dessalines
943:(Virginia, suppressed)
875:(Virginia, suppressed)
5635:Virginia v. John Brown
5624:Nat Turner's Rebellion
4873:Baltimore riot of 1861
4671:Nat Turner's Rebellion
4591:Philadelphia race riot
4480:Abolition Riot of 1836
4474:Ursuline Convent riots
3850:Schneider, Gregory S.
3672:"Nat Turner Rebellion"
3535:The Nat Turner Project
2612:Greenberg, Kenneth S.
2549:"Children of Darkness"
2200:Nielson, Erik (2011).
2066:Schwarz, Frederic D. "
1669:New Haven, Connecticut
1663:
1649:
1609:William Lloyd Garrison
1607:On September 3, 1831,
1465:
1426:
1347:
1202:Nat Turner's Rebellion
1066:(Virginia, suppressed)
936:Nat Turner's rebellion
363:San Miguel de Gualdape
312:British Virgin Islands
5574:Coastwise slave trade
5350:William Barton Rogers
4966:Battle of Fort Fizzle
4896:Detroit brothel riots
4789:Pottawatomie massacre
4318:War of the Regulation
4282:Battle of Golden Hill
3561:The Richmond Enquirer
3494:– via Fair Use.
3477:(September 3, 1831).
3305:The Nat Turner Trials
3280:The Norfolk Virginian
2901:October 15, 1831) in
2874:(September 5, 1831),
2872:New York Evening Post
2171:10.1353/jer.2007.0076
1803:The Birth of a Nation
1721:Henry Highland Garnet
1657:
1644:
1640:The Richmond Enquirer
1541:William Henry Brodnax
1495:Trials and executions
1460:
1431:New York Evening Post
1421:
1391:William Henry Brodnax
1342:
1334:Rebecca Vaughan House
1288:annular solar eclipse
832:German Coast Uprising
571:St. John Slave Revolt
492:New York Slave Revolt
232:, March 1802) in the
5275:Robert "King" Carter
5216:Booker T. Washington
5019:Southern bread riots
4932:Buffalo riot of 1862
4807:Battle of Osawatomie
4801:Battle of Fort Titus
4795:Battle of Black Jack
4546:1792 Cincinnati riot
4379:Chesapeake rebellion
4306:Culpeper's Rebellion
3785:A Memorial Discourse
3760:Preaching Liberation
3712:(Journal 16): 1091.
3682:on December 15, 2014
2651:on December 27, 2016
2310:Foner, Eric (2014).
1896:United States portal
1857:Nat Turner Rebellion
1673:New Haven Excitement
1662:, published in 1831,
1547:Legislative response
1502:James Strange French
1389:. Brigadier General
1156:Toussaint Louverture
1146:Nanny of the Maroons
993:case, ship rebellion
841:Territory of Orleans
619:Province of New York
531:Chesapeake rebellion
504:Province of New York
378:1548–1558, 1579–1582
257:Atlantic slave trade
164:Rebellion suppressed
5594:Gabriel's Rebellion
5356:George Henry Thomas
5299:Robert M. T. Hunter
5287:Thomas Roderick Dew
5103:History of Virginia
4825:Battle of the Spurs
4783:Sacking of Lawrence
4683:Baltimore bank riot
4609:Lombard Street riot
4266:Leisler's Rebellion
4119:Africans in America
4083:Breen, Patrick H. "
3857:The Washington Post
3455:on December 6, 2019
3303:Alfred L. Brophy, "
3141:National Geographic
2899:Southern Advocate (
2345:Climate of the Past
2039:The Washington Post
1826:(1967), a novel by
1577:, president of the
1575:Thomas Roderick Dew
1510:Jerusalem, Virginia
1428:In a letter to the
1212:that took place in
1003:coast, victorious)
982:coast, victorious)
774:Gabriel's Rebellion
610:New York Conspiracy
540:Chesapeake Colonies
135:Nat Turner's Revolt
103: /
30:
5677:August 1831 events
5155:William D. Gibbons
5127:(c. 1620s-d. 1673)
4516:Flour riot of 1837
4324:Battle of Alamance
4288:1788 doctors' riot
4215:1689 Boston revolt
3537:. Meredith College
3479:"The Insurrection"
2764:. December 8, 2021
2363:10.5194/cp-2021-78
2136:. pp. 83–85.
2102:. December 2, 2009
1791:In popular culture
1759:, director of the
1750:Coretta Scott King
1703:Other perspectives
1664:
1466:
1352:Belmont Plantation
1348:
1297:Ferdinandea Island
1247:, director of the
1230:Belmont Plantation
1131:Madison Washington
1096:François Mackandal
744:Haitian Revolution
664:Abaco Slave Revolt
234:Haitian Revolution
28:
5682:Conflicts in 1831
5649:
5648:
5310:Richard Bland Lee
5281:Robert Carter III
5186:Dangerfield Newby
5172:Left, husband of
5053:
5052:
5028:
5027:
4926:Dead Rabbits riot
4891:1849 Detroit riot
4849:Portland Rum Riot
4698:
4697:
4585:Fries's Rebellion
4579:Whiskey Rebellion
4485:Broad Street Riot
4426:
4425:
4373:Bacon's Rebellion
4220:Boston bread riot
4132:Project Gutenberg
4101:Nat Turner Podcas
4050:The Baltimore Sun
3830:. Chelsea House.
3595:978-1-4214-2255-8
3425:on August 1, 2017
3024:978-0-19-512533-7
2980:978-1-4214-1480-5
2938:978-0-19-982800-5
2903:Aptheker, Herbert
2876:Aptheker, Herbert
2849:Aptheker, Herbert
2821:Aptheker, Herbert
2699:Aptheker, Herbert
2585:Aptheker, Herbert
2554:American Heritage
2401:Aptheker, Herbert
2072:American Heritage
1960:Aptheker, Herbert
1863:Chance The Rapper
1839:William Styron's
1486:slavery apologist
1321:Richmond Enquirer
1318:According to the
1299:off the coast of
1222:African Americans
1199:
1198:
1086:Charles Deslondes
1060:John Brown's raid
1028:Ladder Conspiracy
882:Bussa's Rebellion
850:Aponte conspiracy
801:St. Simons Island
272:Slavery in Canada
198:
197:
107:36.770°N 77.161°W
5714:
5662:1831 in Virginia
5554:The 1619 Project
5547:Related articles
5149:Isabella Gibbons
5080:
5073:
5066:
5057:
5056:
4709:
4708:
4527:Astor Place Riot
4437:
4436:
4312:Cary's Rebellion
4247:Shays' Rebellion
4203:
4202:
4170:
4163:
4156:
4147:
4146:
4141:Internet Archive
4098:Harraway, Josh.
4062:
4061:
4059:
4057:
4040:
4034:
4033:
4022:
4016:
4015:
4013:
4011:
3996:
3990:
3989:
3987:
3985:
3962:
3956:
3955:
3953:
3951:
3935:
3929:
3928:
3926:
3924:
3909:
3903:
3902:
3900:
3898:
3883:
3877:
3876:
3874:
3872:
3847:
3841:
3821:
3815:
3814:
3812:
3810:
3795:
3789:
3780:
3774:
3773:
3755:
3749:
3748:
3738:
3729:
3728:
3726:
3724:
3718:
3707:
3698:
3692:
3691:
3689:
3687:
3678:. Archived from
3668:
3662:
3661:
3659:
3657:
3641:
3635:
3634:
3614:
3608:
3607:
3579:
3573:
3572:
3570:
3568:
3553:
3547:
3546:
3544:
3542:
3526:
3520:
3519:
3502:
3496:
3495:
3493:
3491:
3471:
3465:
3464:
3462:
3460:
3451:. Archived from
3441:
3435:
3434:
3432:
3430:
3421:. Archived from
3413:Lewis, Rudolph.
3410:
3404:
3403:
3395:
3389:
3372:
3366:
3365:
3355:
3349:
3348:
3340:
3334:
3320:
3314:
3301:
3292:
3291:
3289:
3287:
3272:
3266:
3265:
3239:
3215:
3209:
3208:
3206:
3204:
3199:on April 6, 2009
3195:. Archived from
3184:
3178:
3164:
3158:
3157:
3155:
3153:
3148:on July 10, 2018
3131:
3125:
3124:
3122:
3120:
3106:
3100:
3086:
3080:
3067:
3061:
3050:
3044:
3035:
3026:
3012:
3006:
2997:
2988:
2987:
2966:
2960:
2959:
2953:
2945:
2924:
2918:
2896:
2890:
2869:
2863:
2841:
2835:
2813:
2807:
2806:
2804:
2802:
2787:
2774:
2773:
2771:
2769:
2754:
2745:
2744:
2724:
2713:
2696:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2682:
2667:
2661:
2660:
2658:
2656:
2650:
2643:
2634:
2625:
2610:
2604:
2577:
2571:
2570:
2568:
2566:
2547:(October 1973).
2541:
2524:
2510:
2504:
2490:
2484:
2483:
2473:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2457:
2431:
2425:
2424:
2397:
2391:
2390:
2388:
2386:
2365:
2335:
2326:
2325:
2307:
2301:
2287:
2281:
2271:
2262:
2248:
2242:
2241:
2223:
2214:
2213:
2197:
2191:
2190:
2154:
2148:
2147:
2121:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2092:
2083:
2064:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2050:
2030:
1998:Oates, Stephen B
1912:
1907:
1906:
1905:
1898:
1893:
1892:
1891:
1734:Atlantic Monthly
1331:
1327:
1313:Stephen B. Oates
1293:Independence Day
1262:was enslaved in
1191:
1184:
1177:
1019:Indian Territory
972:, ship rebellion
513:First Maroon War
426:Acaxee Rebellion
223:
200:
199:
118:
117:
115:
114:
113:
108:
104:
101:
100:
99:
96:
60:
58:
54:
38:
31:
27:
5722:
5721:
5717:
5716:
5715:
5713:
5712:
5711:
5652:
5651:
5650:
5645:
5564:Atlantic Creole
5542:
5519:
5476:
5431:enslaved people
5378:
5221:
5198:Gabriel Prosser
5176:(fl. 1704–1727)
5143:Olaudah Equiano
5131:Henry Box Brown
5125:Emanuel Driggus
5121:(fl. 1619–1625)
5112:Enslaved people
5107:
5089:
5084:
5054:
5049:
5024:
4971:
4942:
4906:
4877:
4854:
4830:
4771:Bleeding Kansas
4757:
4752:Charleston riot
4746:Lager Beer Riot
4732:
4721:Squatters' riot
4694:
4677:Blackburn Riots
4654:
4625:
4565:
4532:
4490:
4460:
4422:
4402:Stono Rebellion
4384:
4353:
4329:
4292:
4252:
4241:Boston Massacre
4196:
4187:
4174:
4075:
4066:
4065:
4055:
4053:
4041:
4037:
4024:
4023:
4019:
4009:
4007:
3997:
3993:
3983:
3981:
3963:
3959:
3949:
3947:
3936:
3932:
3922:
3920:
3910:
3906:
3896:
3894:
3884:
3880:
3870:
3868:
3848:
3844:
3838:
3822:
3818:
3808:
3806:
3796:
3792:
3781:
3777:
3770:
3756:
3752:
3739:
3732:
3722:
3720:
3716:
3705:
3699:
3695:
3685:
3683:
3670:
3669:
3665:
3655:
3653:
3642:
3638:
3631:
3615:
3611:
3596:
3580:
3576:
3566:
3564:
3555:
3554:
3550:
3540:
3538:
3527:
3523:
3504:
3503:
3499:
3489:
3487:
3472:
3468:
3458:
3456:
3443:
3442:
3438:
3428:
3426:
3411:
3407:
3396:
3392:
3373:
3369:
3356:
3352:
3341:
3337:
3321:
3317:
3302:
3295:
3285:
3283:
3274:
3273:
3269:
3237:10.2307/2713592
3216:
3212:
3202:
3200:
3185:
3181:
3165:
3161:
3151:
3149:
3132:
3128:
3118:
3116:
3108:
3107:
3103:
3098:Wayback Machine
3087:
3083:
3078:Wayback Machine
3072:, pp. 121–23.
3068:
3064:
3051:
3047:
3036:
3029:
3013:
3009:
2998:
2991:
2981:
2967:
2963:
2947:
2946:
2939:
2925:
2921:
2897:
2893:
2870:
2866:
2842:
2838:
2814:
2810:
2800:
2798:
2788:
2777:
2767:
2765:
2756:
2755:
2748:
2725:
2716:
2697:
2690:
2680:
2678:
2668:
2664:
2654:
2652:
2648:
2641:
2635:
2628:
2611:
2607:
2578:
2574:
2564:
2562:
2542:
2527:
2512:Leigh, Philip.
2511:
2507:
2491:
2487:
2474:
2465:
2455:
2453:
2451:
2432:
2428:
2421:
2398:
2394:
2384:
2382:
2336:
2329:
2322:
2308:
2304:
2288:
2284:
2272:
2265:
2249:
2245:
2238:
2224:
2217:
2198:
2194:
2155:
2151:
2144:
2122:
2115:
2105:
2103:
2094:
2093:
2086:
2080:Wayback Machine
2065:
2058:
2048:
2046:
2031:
2024:
2019:
1956:
1954:Further reading
1910:Virginia portal
1908:
1903:
1901:
1894:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1852:
1818:
1798:
1793:
1769:
1705:
1605:
1555:
1549:
1530:Toana, Virginia
1497:
1455:
1365:
1329:
1325:
1284:
1257:
1210:slave rebellion
1195:
1166:
1165:
1111:Jean Saint Malo
1101:Gabriel Prosser
1076:
1075:Notable leaders
1068:
1067:
1063:
1049:
1031:
1013:
995:
974:
959:British Jamaica
953:
939:
921:
903:
885:
871:
853:
835:
817:
795:
777:
767:
759:
758:
747:
729:
707:
685:
682:Mina Conspiracy
667:
649:
631:
613:
595:
592:Stono Rebellion
574:
552:
549:Samba rebellion
534:
516:
495:
485:
477:
476:
464:
446:
444:Tepehuán Revolt
428:
406:
383:
371:Spanish Florida
365:
347:
337:
329:
328:
252:
244:
240:, engraving by
190:
165:
146:Slave rebellion
138:
112:36.770; -77.161
111:
109:
105:
102:
97:
94:
92:
90:
89:
79:, United States
56:
52:
50:
41:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5720:
5710:
5709:
5704:
5699:
5694:
5689:
5684:
5679:
5674:
5669:
5664:
5647:
5646:
5644:
5643:
5638:
5631:
5626:
5621:
5616:
5611:
5606:
5601:
5596:
5591:
5586:
5581:
5576:
5571:
5566:
5561:
5556:
5550:
5548:
5544:
5543:
5541:
5540:
5538:Lumpkin's Jail
5535:
5529:
5527:
5521:
5520:
5518:
5517:
5516:
5515:
5510:
5504:
5496:
5495:
5494:
5487:Virginia laws
5484:
5482:
5478:
5477:
5475:
5474:
5469:
5464:
5459:
5454:
5452:Stratford Hall
5449:
5444:
5439:
5434:
5424:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5388:
5386:
5380:
5379:
5377:
5376:
5370:
5364:
5361:William Tucker
5358:
5353:
5347:
5342:
5340:Thomas Prosser
5337:
5331:
5328:James M. Mason
5325:
5319:
5316:William Mahone
5313:
5307:
5302:
5296:
5290:
5284:
5278:
5272:
5266:
5260:
5259:
5258:
5253:
5248:
5243:
5238:
5229:
5227:
5223:
5222:
5220:
5219:
5213:
5207:
5204:William Tucker
5201:
5195:
5189:
5188:(c. 1820–1859)
5183:
5177:
5170:
5164:
5158:
5152:
5151:(c. 1836–1890)
5146:
5145:(c. 1745–1797)
5140:
5134:
5133:(c. 1815–1897)
5128:
5122:
5115:
5113:
5109:
5108:
5106:
5105:
5100:
5094:
5091:
5090:
5083:
5082:
5075:
5068:
5060:
5051:
5050:
5048:
5047:
5042:
5036:
5034:
5030:
5029:
5026:
5025:
5023:
5022:
5016:
5010:
5004:
4998:
4992:
4986:
4983:Erie Gauge War
4979:
4977:
4973:
4972:
4970:
4969:
4963:
4958:
4952:
4950:
4944:
4943:
4941:
4940:
4934:
4929:
4923:
4916:
4914:
4908:
4907:
4905:
4904:
4899:
4893:
4887:
4885:
4879:
4878:
4876:
4875:
4870:
4864:
4862:
4856:
4855:
4853:
4852:
4846:
4840:
4838:
4832:
4831:
4829:
4828:
4822:
4816:
4810:
4804:
4798:
4792:
4786:
4780:
4774:
4767:
4765:
4759:
4758:
4756:
4755:
4749:
4742:
4740:
4734:
4733:
4731:
4730:
4724:
4717:
4715:
4706:
4700:
4699:
4696:
4695:
4693:
4692:
4686:
4680:
4674:
4668:
4662:
4660:
4656:
4655:
4653:
4652:
4649:Dorr Rebellion
4646:
4641:
4635:
4633:
4627:
4626:
4624:
4623:
4617:
4612:
4606:
4600:
4594:
4588:
4582:
4575:
4573:
4567:
4566:
4564:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4542:
4540:
4534:
4533:
4531:
4530:
4524:
4518:
4513:
4507:
4500:
4498:
4492:
4491:
4489:
4488:
4482:
4477:
4470:
4468:
4462:
4461:
4459:
4458:
4452:
4445:
4443:
4434:
4428:
4427:
4424:
4423:
4421:
4420:
4417:Pine Tree Riot
4414:
4405:
4399:
4392:
4390:
4386:
4385:
4383:
4382:
4376:
4370:
4363:
4361:
4355:
4354:
4352:
4351:
4346:
4339:
4337:
4331:
4330:
4328:
4327:
4321:
4315:
4309:
4302:
4300:
4298:North Carolina
4294:
4293:
4291:
4290:
4285:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4262:
4260:
4254:
4253:
4251:
4250:
4244:
4238:
4229:
4223:
4217:
4211:
4209:
4200:
4189:
4188:
4173:
4172:
4165:
4158:
4150:
4144:
4143:
4134:
4125:
4111:
4106:
4096:
4088:
4081:
4074:
4073:External links
4071:
4070:
4069:
4064:
4063:
4035:
4017:
3991:
3957:
3930:
3904:
3878:
3842:
3836:
3816:
3790:
3775:
3769:978-0800628413
3768:
3750:
3730:
3693:
3663:
3636:
3629:
3609:
3594:
3574:
3548:
3521:
3516:newspapers.com
3497:
3466:
3436:
3405:
3390:
3367:
3350:
3335:
3332:978-0195177565
3315:
3293:
3267:
3230:(2): 208–234.
3210:
3179:
3176:978-0618104482
3166:French, Scot.
3159:
3126:
3101:
3081:
3062:
3045:
3027:
3007:
2989:
2979:
2961:
2937:
2919:
2915:978-0717806058
2891:
2888:978-0717806058
2864:
2861:978-0717806058
2836:
2833:978-0717806058
2808:
2775:
2746:
2714:
2711:978-0717806058
2688:
2662:
2626:
2622:978-0195177565
2605:
2597:978-0717806058
2572:
2545:Oates, Stephen
2525:
2522:978-1594162480
2505:
2485:
2463:
2449:
2426:
2419:
2392:
2327:
2321:978-0393920338
2320:
2302:
2299:978-1421422558
2282:
2263:
2260:978-1421422558
2243:
2236:
2215:
2192:
2149:
2143:978-0813542041
2142:
2113:
2084:
2056:
2021:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2014:
2013:
1995:
1993:978-0313330599
1981:
1979:978-1860647246
1967:
1955:
1952:
1951:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1914:
1913:
1899:
1883:
1880:
1879:
1878:
1870:
1860:
1851:
1848:
1847:
1846:
1835:
1828:William Styron
1817:
1814:
1813:
1812:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1768:
1765:
1704:
1701:
1604:
1601:
1567:trials by jury
1548:
1545:
1506:James Trezvant
1496:
1493:
1489:Thomas R. Gray
1454:
1451:
1387:North Carolina
1364:
1361:
1283:
1280:
1272:James Trezvant
1256:
1253:
1197:
1196:
1194:
1193:
1186:
1179:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1077:
1074:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1065:
1064:
1051:
1050:
1039:, suppressed)
1033:
1032:
1021:, suppressed)
1015:
1014:
997:
996:
976:
975:
961:, suppressed)
955:
954:
941:
940:
929:, suppressed)
923:
922:
911:, suppressed)
909:South Carolina
905:
904:
893:, suppressed)
887:
886:
873:
872:
861:, suppressed)
855:
854:
843:, suppressed)
837:
836:
825:, suppressed)
819:
818:
807:, victorious)
797:
796:
785:, suppressed)
779:
778:
768:
765:
764:
761:
760:
755:Saint-Domingue
749:
748:
737:, suppressed)
731:
730:
719:, suppressed)
709:
708:
697:, suppressed)
687:
686:
675:, suppressed)
669:
668:
657:, suppressed)
651:
650:
639:, suppressed)
633:
632:
628:Tacky's Revolt
621:, suppressed)
615:
614:
603:, suppressed)
597:
596:
585:, suppressed)
576:
575:
564:, suppressed)
554:
553:
542:, suppressed)
536:
535:
524:, victorious)
518:
517:
506:, suppressed)
497:
496:
486:
483:
482:
479:
478:
466:
465:
454:, suppressed)
448:
447:
436:, suppressed)
430:
429:
418:, victorious)
408:
407:
395:, suppressed)
385:
384:
373:, victorious)
367:
366:
349:
348:
338:
335:
334:
331:
330:
327:
326:
325:
324:
314:
309:
304:
299:
294:
289:
284:
279:
274:
269:
264:
259:
253:
250:
249:
246:
245:
238:Auguste Raffet
224:
216:
215:
209:
208:
196:
195:
183:
182:
178:
177:
173:
172:
168:
167:
162:
158:
157:
152:
148:
147:
144:
140:
139:
137:
136:
133:
130:
126:
124:
120:
119:
87:
81:
80:
74:
70:
69:
66:
62:
61:
47:
43:
42:
39:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5719:
5708:
5705:
5703:
5700:
5698:
5695:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
5668:
5665:
5663:
5660:
5659:
5657:
5642:
5639:
5637:
5636:
5632:
5630:
5627:
5625:
5622:
5620:
5617:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5602:
5600:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5590:
5587:
5585:
5582:
5580:
5577:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5555:
5552:
5551:
5549:
5545:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5530:
5528:
5526:
5522:
5514:
5511:
5508:
5505:
5503:
5500:
5499:
5498:Federal laws
5497:
5492:
5489:
5488:
5486:
5485:
5483:
5479:
5473:
5470:
5468:
5465:
5463:
5460:
5458:
5455:
5453:
5450:
5448:
5445:
5443:
5442:Poplar Forest
5440:
5438:
5435:
5432:
5428:
5425:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5389:
5387:
5385:
5381:
5374:
5373:Henry A. Wise
5371:
5368:
5365:
5362:
5359:
5357:
5354:
5351:
5348:
5346:
5343:
5341:
5338:
5335:
5332:
5329:
5326:
5323:
5320:
5317:
5314:
5311:
5308:
5306:
5303:
5300:
5297:
5294:
5293:Andrew Hunter
5291:
5288:
5285:
5282:
5279:
5276:
5273:
5270:
5269:Landon Carter
5267:
5264:
5263:John Armfield
5261:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5249:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5237:
5234:
5233:
5231:
5230:
5228:
5224:
5217:
5214:
5211:
5208:
5205:
5202:
5199:
5196:
5193:
5190:
5187:
5184:
5181:
5178:
5175:
5171:
5168:
5165:
5163:(living 1641)
5162:
5161:John Graweere
5159:
5156:
5153:
5150:
5147:
5144:
5141:
5139:(living 1655)
5138:
5135:
5132:
5129:
5126:
5123:
5120:
5117:
5116:
5114:
5110:
5104:
5101:
5099:
5096:
5095:
5092:
5088:
5081:
5076:
5074:
5069:
5067:
5062:
5061:
5058:
5046:
5043:
5041:
5038:
5037:
5035:
5031:
5020:
5017:
5014:
5013:Morrisite War
5011:
5008:
5005:
5002:
4999:
4996:
4993:
4990:
4989:Bloody Monday
4987:
4984:
4981:
4980:
4978:
4974:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4953:
4951:
4949:
4945:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4930:
4927:
4924:
4921:
4918:
4917:
4915:
4913:
4909:
4903:
4900:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4888:
4886:
4884:
4880:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4865:
4863:
4861:
4857:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4841:
4839:
4837:
4833:
4826:
4823:
4820:
4817:
4814:
4811:
4808:
4805:
4802:
4799:
4796:
4793:
4790:
4787:
4784:
4781:
4778:
4775:
4772:
4769:
4768:
4766:
4764:
4760:
4753:
4750:
4747:
4744:
4743:
4741:
4739:
4735:
4728:
4725:
4722:
4719:
4718:
4716:
4714:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4701:
4690:
4687:
4684:
4681:
4678:
4675:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4663:
4661:
4657:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4636:
4634:
4632:
4628:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4610:
4607:
4604:
4601:
4598:
4595:
4592:
4589:
4586:
4583:
4580:
4577:
4576:
4574:
4572:
4568:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4543:
4541:
4539:
4535:
4528:
4525:
4522:
4521:Anti-Rent War
4519:
4517:
4514:
4511:
4508:
4505:
4502:
4501:
4499:
4497:
4493:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4475:
4472:
4471:
4469:
4467:
4466:Massachusetts
4463:
4456:
4453:
4450:
4447:
4446:
4444:
4442:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4429:
4418:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4406:
4403:
4400:
4397:
4394:
4393:
4391:
4387:
4380:
4377:
4374:
4371:
4368:
4365:
4364:
4362:
4360:
4356:
4350:
4347:
4344:
4341:
4340:
4338:
4336:
4332:
4325:
4322:
4319:
4316:
4313:
4310:
4307:
4304:
4303:
4301:
4299:
4295:
4289:
4286:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4267:
4264:
4263:
4261:
4259:
4255:
4248:
4245:
4242:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4230:
4227:
4224:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4212:
4210:
4208:
4207:Massachusetts
4204:
4201:
4199:
4194:
4190:
4185:
4182:
4178:
4171:
4166:
4164:
4159:
4157:
4152:
4151:
4148:
4142:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4120:
4116:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4097:
4094:
4093:
4089:
4086:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4076:
4068:
4067:
4052:
4051:
4046:
4039:
4031:
4027:
4021:
4006:
4005:Rolling Stone
4002:
3995:
3980:
3976:
3972:
3968:
3961:
3945:
3941:
3934:
3919:
3915:
3908:
3893:
3889:
3882:
3867:
3863:
3859:
3858:
3853:
3846:
3839:
3837:9781555466138
3833:
3829:
3825:
3820:
3805:
3801:
3794:
3787:
3786:
3779:
3771:
3765:
3761:
3754:
3746:
3745:
3737:
3735:
3715:
3711:
3704:
3697:
3681:
3677:
3673:
3667:
3651:
3647:
3640:
3632:
3630:0-19-517756-8
3626:
3622:
3621:
3613:
3605:
3601:
3597:
3591:
3587:
3586:
3578:
3562:
3558:
3552:
3536:
3532:
3525:
3517:
3513:
3512:
3511:The Liberator
3507:
3501:
3486:
3485:
3484:The Liberator
3480:
3476:
3470:
3454:
3450:
3446:
3440:
3424:
3420:
3416:
3409:
3401:
3394:
3387:
3383:
3379:
3377:
3371:
3363:
3362:
3354:
3346:
3339:
3333:
3329:
3325:
3319:
3312:
3311:
3306:
3300:
3298:
3281:
3277:
3271:
3263:
3259:
3255:
3251:
3247:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3229:
3225:
3221:
3214:
3198:
3194:
3190:
3183:
3177:
3173:
3169:
3163:
3147:
3143:
3142:
3137:
3130:
3115:
3111:
3105:
3099:
3095:
3091:
3085:
3079:
3075:
3071:
3066:
3059:
3055:
3049:
3042:
3041:
3034:
3032:
3025:
3021:
3017:
3011:
3004:
3003:
2996:
2994:
2986:
2982:
2976:
2972:
2965:
2957:
2951:
2944:
2940:
2934:
2930:
2923:
2916:
2912:
2908:
2904:
2900:
2895:
2889:
2885:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2868:
2862:
2858:
2854:
2850:
2846:
2840:
2834:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2812:
2797:
2793:
2786:
2784:
2782:
2780:
2763:
2759:
2753:
2751:
2742:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2723:
2721:
2719:
2712:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2695:
2693:
2677:
2673:
2666:
2647:
2640:
2633:
2631:
2623:
2619:
2615:
2609:
2602:
2598:
2594:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2576:
2560:
2556:
2555:
2550:
2546:
2540:
2538:
2536:
2534:
2532:
2530:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2509:
2503:
2502:9780394316468
2499:
2495:
2489:
2481:
2480:
2472:
2470:
2468:
2452:
2450:9780030432996
2446:
2442:
2441:
2436:
2435:Ayers, Edward
2430:
2422:
2420:0-7178-0605-7
2416:
2412:
2408:
2407:
2402:
2396:
2381:
2377:
2373:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2356:: 2607–2632.
2355:
2351:
2347:
2346:
2341:
2334:
2332:
2323:
2317:
2313:
2306:
2300:
2296:
2292:
2286:
2279:
2277:
2270:
2268:
2261:
2257:
2253:
2247:
2239:
2233:
2229:
2222:
2220:
2211:
2207:
2203:
2196:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2153:
2145:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2120:
2118:
2101:
2097:
2091:
2089:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2063:
2061:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2029:
2027:
2022:
2011:
2010:9780060916701
2007:
2003:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1965:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1915:
1911:
1900:
1897:
1886:
1875:
1871:
1868:
1867:Chatham Manor
1864:
1861:
1858:
1854:
1853:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1824:
1820:
1819:
1810:
1806:
1804:
1800:
1799:
1788:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1764:
1762:
1758:
1753:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1738:
1736:
1735:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1713:
1711:
1700:
1698:
1694:
1689:
1687:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1674:
1670:
1661:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1643:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1628:
1625:
1624:The Liberator
1621:
1619:
1618:The Liberator
1614:
1610:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1571:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1554:
1544:
1542:
1538:
1537:Sussex County
1533:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1481:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1463:
1459:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1441:
1440:Solon Borland
1437:
1433:
1432:
1425:
1420:
1417:
1416:
1415:Richmond Whig
1411:
1407:
1402:
1400:
1394:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1379:
1373:
1372:
1360:
1357:
1353:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1335:
1323:
1322:
1316:
1314:
1308:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1289:
1279:
1275:
1273:
1267:
1265:
1261:
1252:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1239:
1233:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1192:
1187:
1185:
1180:
1178:
1173:
1172:
1170:
1169:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1136:Marcos Xiorro
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1126:Joseph Cinqué
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1091:Denmark Vesey
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1072:
1071:
1062:
1061:
1056:
1055:
1054:
1048:
1047:
1042:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1030:
1029:
1024:
1023:
1022:
1020:
1012:
1011:
1006:
1005:
1004:
1002:
1001:Southern U.S.
994:
992:
991:
985:
984:
983:
981:
973:
971:
970:
964:
963:
962:
960:
952:
951:
946:
945:
944:
938:
937:
932:
931:
930:
928:
920:
919:
914:
913:
912:
910:
902:
901:
896:
895:
894:
892:
884:
883:
878:
877:
876:
870:
869:
868:George Boxley
864:
863:
862:
860:
852:
851:
846:
845:
844:
842:
834:
833:
828:
827:
826:
824:
816:
815:
814:Chatham Manor
810:
809:
808:
806:
802:
794:
793:
788:
787:
786:
784:
776:
775:
770:
769:
763:
762:
757:, victorious)
756:
753:
746:
745:
740:
739:
738:
736:
728:
727:
722:
721:
720:
718:
714:
706:
705:
700:
699:
698:
696:
692:
684:
683:
678:
677:
676:
674:
666:
665:
660:
659:
658:
656:
648:
647:
642:
641:
640:
638:
630:
629:
624:
623:
622:
620:
612:
611:
606:
605:
604:
602:
594:
593:
588:
587:
586:
584:
581:
573:
572:
567:
566:
565:
563:
559:
551:
550:
545:
544:
543:
541:
533:
532:
527:
526:
525:
523:
515:
514:
509:
508:
507:
505:
502:
494:
493:
488:
487:
481:
480:
475:, victorious)
474:
470:
463:
462:Pueblo Revolt
460:
457:
456:
455:
453:
445:
442:
439:
438:
437:
435:
427:
424:
421:
420:
419:
417:
413:
404:
401:
398:
397:
396:
394:
390:
382:
379:
376:
375:
374:
372:
364:
361:
358:
357:
356:
354:
353:Santo Domingo
346:
343:
340:
339:
333:
332:
323:
320:
319:
318:
317:United States
315:
313:
310:
308:
305:
303:
300:
298:
295:
293:
290:
288:
287:Latin America
285:
283:
280:
278:
275:
273:
270:
268:
265:
263:
260:
258:
255:
254:
248:
247:
243:
242:Ernest HĂ©bert
239:
235:
231:
227:
222:
218:
217:
214:
211:
210:
206:
202:
201:
194:
189:
184:
179:
174:
169:
163:
159:
156:
153:
149:
145:
141:
134:
131:
128:
127:
125:
123:Also known as
121:
116:
88:
86:
82:
78:
75:
71:
67:
63:
48:
44:
37:
32:
26:
22:
5633:
5623:
5427:Mount Vernon
5322:George Mason
5226:Slave owners
4777:Wakarusa War
4670:
4631:Rhode Island
4603:Buckshot War
4571:Pennsylvania
4455:Bellevue War
4408:
4335:Pennsylvania
4232:
4226:Knowles Riot
4193:Colonial era
4181:civil unrest
4118:
4100:
4090:
4056:February 10,
4054:. Retrieved
4048:
4038:
4029:
4020:
4010:December 10,
4008:. Retrieved
4004:
3994:
3982:. Retrieved
3970:
3960:
3948:. Retrieved
3933:
3921:. Retrieved
3917:
3907:
3897:December 10,
3895:. Retrieved
3891:
3881:
3871:December 18,
3869:. Retrieved
3855:
3845:
3827:
3824:Bisson Terry
3819:
3807:. Retrieved
3804:The Atlantic
3803:
3793:
3783:
3778:
3759:
3753:
3743:
3721:. Retrieved
3709:
3696:
3684:. Retrieved
3680:the original
3675:
3666:
3654:. Retrieved
3649:
3639:
3619:
3612:
3584:
3577:
3567:December 19,
3565:. Retrieved
3560:
3551:
3541:December 20,
3539:. Retrieved
3534:
3524:
3509:
3500:
3488:. Retrieved
3482:
3469:
3459:December 18,
3457:. Retrieved
3453:the original
3448:
3439:
3429:September 5,
3427:. Retrieved
3423:the original
3418:
3408:
3399:
3393:
3385:
3381:
3374:
3370:
3360:
3353:
3344:
3338:
3323:
3318:
3308:
3286:December 10,
3284:. Retrieved
3279:
3270:
3227:
3223:
3213:
3201:. Retrieved
3197:the original
3192:
3182:
3167:
3162:
3150:. Retrieved
3146:the original
3139:
3129:
3119:November 13,
3117:. Retrieved
3113:
3104:
3084:
3065:
3057:
3048:
3038:
3015:
3010:
3000:
2984:
2970:
2964:
2942:
2928:
2922:
2906:
2898:
2894:
2879:
2871:
2867:
2852:
2844:
2839:
2824:
2816:
2811:
2801:December 10,
2799:. Retrieved
2795:
2766:. Retrieved
2761:
2728:
2702:
2681:December 18,
2679:. Retrieved
2675:
2665:
2653:. Retrieved
2646:the original
2613:
2608:
2600:
2588:
2580:
2575:
2563:. Retrieved
2558:
2552:
2513:
2508:
2493:
2488:
2478:
2454:. Retrieved
2439:
2429:
2405:
2395:
2383:. Retrieved
2349:
2343:
2311:
2305:
2290:
2285:
2275:
2251:
2246:
2227:
2212:(2): 106–17.
2209:
2205:
2195:
2162:
2158:
2152:
2129:
2106:February 26,
2104:. Retrieved
2099:
2096:"Nat Turner"
2071:
2047:. Retrieved
2038:
2001:
1984:
1970:
1963:
1874:Tupac Shakur
1842:
1838:
1821:
1801:
1785:Black August
1770:
1757:Lonnie Bunch
1754:
1746:Terry Bisson
1741:
1739:
1732:
1725:abolitionist
1714:
1710:Black church
1706:
1690:
1684:
1677:
1665:
1659:
1650:
1645:
1639:
1631:
1629:
1623:
1616:
1613:abolitionist
1606:
1598:
1572:
1556:
1534:
1498:
1482:
1477:
1473:
1470:Terry Bisson
1467:
1461:
1448:
1429:
1427:
1422:
1413:
1403:
1395:
1377:
1370:
1366:
1356:White people
1349:
1319:
1317:
1309:
1305:
1285:
1276:
1268:
1258:
1255:Preparations
1245:Lonnie Bunch
1243:
1234:
1226:white people
1205:
1201:
1200:
1106:Gaspar Yanga
1057:
1052:
1043:
1034:
1025:
1016:
1007:
998:
988:
986:
977:
967:
965:
956:
947:
942:
933:
924:
915:
906:
897:
888:
879:
874:
865:
856:
847:
838:
829:
820:
811:
798:
792:Igbo Landing
789:
780:
771:
766:19th century
741:
732:
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616:
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568:
555:
546:
537:
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519:
510:
498:
489:
484:18th century
458:
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440:
431:
422:
409:
403:Gaspar Yanga
399:
386:
377:
368:
359:
350:
341:
229:
225:
186:Part of the
151:Organized by
25:
5384:Plantations
5375:(1806–1876)
5369:(1715–1773)
5367:John Wayles
5363:(died 1642)
5352:(1804–1882)
5336:(1628–1692)
5330:(1798–1871)
5324:(1725–1792)
5318:(1826–1895)
5312:(1761–1827)
5305:Eppa Hunton
5301:(1809–1887)
5295:(1804–1888)
5289:(1802–1846)
5277:(1663–1732)
5271:(1710–1778)
5265:(1797–1871)
5218:(1856–1915)
5212:(1800–1831)
5206:(born 1624)
5200:(1776–1800)
5182:(1600–1670)
5157:(1825–1886)
4985:(1853–1854)
4898:(1855–1859)
4773:(1854–1861)
4729:(1851–1856)
4651:(1841–1842)
4587:(1799–1800)
4581:(1791–1794)
4523:(1839–1845)
4504:Eggnog riot
4320:(1765–1771)
4268:(1689–1691)
4249:(1786–1787)
4222:(1710–1713)
4186:(1607–1865)
3809:December 9,
3531:"Pamphlets"
2796:Vanity Fair
2768:December 9,
2385:November 1,
2100:History.com
1809:Nate Parker
1363:Retaliation
950:Baptist War
381:Bayano Wars
336:Before 1700
322:colonial US
110: /
85:Coordinates
5692:Nat Turner
5656:Categories
5525:Slave pens
5422:Mount Airy
5417:Montpelier
5412:Monticello
5402:Brookfield
5397:Berry Hill
5236:Washington
5210:Nat Turner
5192:John Punch
5137:John Casor
4713:California
2655:October 8,
2237:0791083411
2017:References
1877:rebellion.
1830:, won the
1816:Literature
1615:newspaper
1551:See also:
1260:Nat Turner
1218:Nat Turner
1151:Nat Turner
1121:John Brown
900:Vesey Plot
742:1791–1804
655:Montserrat
583:Saint John
562:New France
297:New France
171:Casualties
155:Nat Turner
98:77°09′40″W
95:36°46′12″N
57:1831-08-23
53:1831-08-21
5392:Beall-Air
5334:John Page
5241:Jefferson
5174:Jane Webb
4704:1849–1865
4689:Snow Riot
4449:Honey War
4432:1789–1849
4198:1776–1789
3979:1091-2339
3950:April 10,
3866:0190-8286
3604:961410000
3262:150053000
3246:0022-2992
2950:cite book
2843:Richmond
2815:Richmond
2579:Richmond
2380:237525956
2372:1814-9324
2187:201794786
2179:1553-0620
2049:March 28,
1755:In 2012,
1603:Aftermath
1591:Tennessee
1522:dissected
1514:Courtland
1376:USS
1369:USS
1282:Rebellion
1035:(Spanish
999:(off the
978:(off the
889:(British
857:(Spanish
717:New Spain
713:Louisiana
695:New Spain
691:Louisiana
671:(British
653:(British
635:(British
617:(British
599:(British
558:Louisiana
538:(British
520:(British
473:New Spain
452:New Spain
434:New Spain
416:New Spain
405:'s Revolt
393:New Spain
302:New Spain
5467:Woodlawn
5462:Westover
5457:Tuckahoe
5437:Oatlands
4912:New York
4883:Michigan
4860:Maryland
4738:Illinois
4496:New York
4359:Virginia
4258:New York
3984:July 18,
3944:Archived
3923:April 8,
3826:(1988).
3714:Archived
3686:July 18,
3656:July 18,
3490:July 18,
3203:April 6,
3152:July 14,
3094:Archived
3074:Archived
2845:Enquirer
2741:00503566
2676:Newsweek
2601:Enquirer
2581:Enquirer
2565:July 17,
2456:July 18,
2437:(2007).
2403:(1983).
2076:Archived
2043:Archived
1882:See also
1688:(1853).
1636:pamphlet
1587:Kentucky
1583:Maryland
1518:beheaded
1238:executed
1208:, was a
1026:1843–44
948:1831–32
891:Barbados
823:Virginia
783:Virginia
626:1760–61
412:Veracruz
205:a series
203:Part of
73:Location
65:Duration
55: –
5447:Shirley
5407:Kenmore
5246:Madison
5033:Related
4233:Liberty
4139:at the
4123:PBS.org
3723:July 1,
3650:NCpedia
3254:2713592
3114:HISTORY
1845:(1968).
1697:Liberia
1453:Capture
1406:Alabama
1383:Norfolk
1371:Natchez
1344:Belmont
1081:Carolta
969:Amistad
805:Georgia
735:Curaçao
733:(Dutch
673:Bahamas
637:Jamaica
522:Jamaica
501:British
400:c. 1570
292:Bahamas
262:Maroons
251:Context
161:Outcome
51: (
5509:, 1808
5493:, 1705
5251:Monroe
5119:Angela
5021:(1863)
5015:(1862)
5009:(1859)
5003:(1858)
4997:(1857)
4991:(1855)
4976:Others
4968:(1863)
4939:(1863)
4928:(1857)
4922:(1857)
4851:(1855)
4827:(1859)
4821:(1856)
4815:(1856)
4809:(1856)
4803:(1856)
4797:(1856)
4791:(1856)
4785:(1856)
4779:(1855)
4763:Kansas
4754:(1864)
4748:(1855)
4723:(1850)
4691:(1835)
4685:(1835)
4679:(1833)
4673:(1831)
4659:Others
4622:(1844)
4611:(1842)
4605:(1838)
4599:(1838)
4593:(1834)
4529:(1849)
4512:(1834)
4506:(1826)
4487:(1837)
4476:(1834)
4457:(1840)
4451:(1839)
4419:(1772)
4413:(1772)
4411:affair
4409:Gaspee
4404:(1739)
4398:(1689)
4389:Others
4381:(1730)
4375:(1677)
4369:(1663)
4345:(1742)
4326:(1771)
4314:(1711)
4308:(1677)
4284:(1770)
4243:(1770)
4237:(1768)
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4228:(1747)
4030:Genius
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1767:Legacy
1642:said:
1589:, and
1526:flayed
1378:Warren
1301:Sicily
990:Creole
752:French
580:Danish
68:3 days
5256:Tyler
4836:Maine
4177:Riots
3971:Slate
3717:(PDF)
3706:(PDF)
3386:1941,
3258:S2CID
3250:JSTOR
2649:(PDF)
2642:(PDF)
2376:S2CID
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2183:S2CID
1850:Music
1512:(now
1141:Maria
1058:1859
1044:1849
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987:1841
980:Cuban
966:1839
934:1831
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898:1822
880:1816
866:1815
848:1811
830:1811
812:1805
790:1803
772:1800
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702:1795
680:1791
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5481:Laws
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4441:Iowa
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4058:2021
4012:2022
3986:2024
3975:ISSN
3952:2015
3925:2024
3899:2022
3873:2022
3862:ISSN
3832:ISBN
3811:2022
3764:ISBN
3725:2012
3688:2024
3658:2024
3625:ISBN
3600:OCLC
3590:ISBN
3569:2022
3543:2022
3492:2024
3461:2019
3431:2007
3328:ISBN
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3242:ISSN
3205:2009
3172:ISBN
3154:2018
3121:2023
3020:ISBN
2975:ISBN
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2933:ISBN
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2829:ISBN
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2803:2022
2770:2022
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