72:
1381:
20:
5130:
846:
5119:
607:
1330:, theorized that Italy derived from Hebrew — "I" ("אִי", "island"), "tal" ("טַל", "dew"), and "yam" ("יָם", "sea") — and that the name was pre-Latin and showed possible links between Etruscan and Hebrew cultures through the Mediterranean Sea. Though this theory did not gain wide traction, it was also adopted by Zionist leader
1792:
1168:
bases ("Aitalía", "Eitalía", and "Etalía") in order to give scientific basis to the proposal. According to this theory, Italy would originally have meant "fiery land", "land of the fiery sunset" (or "land of the West"), or "smoking land".
1204:
solution of the name of Italy; it is a reconstruction that deems the "Greek" hypothesis inadmissible and implies conclusions symmetrically opposed to the latter, such as the fact that the name has spread from north to south.
3023:
727:, in Latin), and the name would therefore mean "inhabitants of the land of calves". In any case, it is known that in archaic times the name indicated the part located in the extreme south of the Italian Peninsula.
2288:
797:
with the exception of the northern area. King Italus converted the
Oenotrians from a nomadic people to a permanent one, establishing them in the extreme offshoot of the European coasts, in the current isthmus of
907:
Other proposals that motivate the name beyond a real linguistic analysis can be remembered that of
Domenico Romanelli, who, based on the ancient but never fully accepted hypothesis that it was related to the
1127:) which in its initial part Aith- (typical of words referring to fire) would contain a reference to the volcanic dimension of the lands of the peninsula. This meaning would resist for example in the name of
963:
thus came to mean "land of the
Vitulis" or "land of the bulls". In support of this hypothesis, it is highlighted that in the southern part of the Calabrian peninsula, and in the Sicilian coast of the
1188:
should derive according to the most credited theory. On the contrary, following the theory of the Greek origin, the long i quantity is not an exception, because it should derive from the Greek
1098:
71:
1161:
Rosa, however, did not address and clarify the strictly linguistic arguments that had led him to such a solution, thus leaving his proposal in the pre-scientific dimension.
1843:- its inhabitants had the obligation to provide the court, the administration and the troops, first allocated in Milan and then in Ravenna, supplies, wine and timber)
1014:, in a study on the origin of the name "Italia", claimed that it was used for the first time in the 5th century BC, precisely with reference to the territory south of
943:
settlers who arrived in the lands of present-day
Calabria ambiguously designated the Vitulis, a population that inhabited the lands of current southern Calabria whose
1135:". This proposal had already been advanced by Gabriele Rosa, according to whom the first ancient Greeks who arrived in the peninsula would have called it precisely:
1529:
separated from Italy in administrative matters for a longer period of rime. It was legally merged into the administrative unit of Italy in 42 BC by the triumvir
2858:
734:. As time progressed, the name "Italia" was extended further and further north until it reached the Alps in Roman times and became synonymous with the whole
1200:
This theory is opposed by that which, with a solution that has authoritative precedents and yet little remembered in its most recent revival, proposes an
2723:
1342:
It can be observed that the notion of Italy is a dynamic and plural notion, in progress until the 3rd century BC. In fact, in the conception of Italy a
1011:
1120:
would gradually apply the name "Italy" to an ever wider region, until the time of the Roman conquest, when it was extended to the entire peninsula.
4189:
405:
3068:
4221:
429:
3206:
1213:
The ultimate etymology of the name is uncertain, in spite of numerous suggestions. According to the most widely accepted explanation, Latin
789:
There are various legends about the character of Italus, king of the
Oenotrians who, according to the myth, lived 16 generations before the
4852:
4204:
2812:
417:
250:
2688:
2504:
904:
can in this case be explained by the simple fall of the initial consonant by means of classical Greek, in which the letter V is absent.
4816:
3746:
635:
578:
4950:
1564:
the administrative Roman region of "Italia" was further enlarged with the addition in 292 AD of the three big islands of the western
2552:
1523:. According to Cato and several Roman authors, the Alps formed the "walls of Italy". The north, however, being a province, remained
4857:
1261:
4422:
1537:, who had already extended Roman citizenship to all of Cisalpine Gaul in 49 BC. The term "Italy" also included Liguria up to the
2960:
3634:
3252:
1065:
Poulsen's thesis, however, seems to be questioned by the fact that the oldest documentable toponymic form for Itala is that of
5100:
4263:
2997:
2970:
2943:
2796:
2535:
2227:
2701:
2332:
1123:
For some linguists who supported this theory, the name would be based on a hypothetical ancient Greek form such as Aἰθαλία (
4897:
4172:
3980:
2275:
Guillotining, M., History of
Earliest Italy, trans. Ryle, M & Soper, K. in Jerome Lectures, Diciassettesima serie, p.50
2164:
1069:, as shown by a donation diploma from Count Roger of 1093. The name would then undergo many variations over the centuries:
235:
4226:
4089:
2987:
4945:
4530:
4157:
3990:
3751:
3012:
Pallottino, M., History of
Earliest Italy, trans. Ryle, M & Soper, K. in Jerome Lectures, Seventeenth Series, p. 50
2933:
1045:
would then be distinguished. Subsequently, according to
Poulsen, the name "Italy" was extended to the whole peninsula.
583:
289:
2417:
916:
in Latin), explained it with the fact that those who came from the sea from the west saw bull-like silhouettes in the
4177:
4152:
3995:
3151:
3033:
293:
3185:
2862:
1049:
Catch from the
Oenotrians, formerly Oenotria: now, as it is famous, having taken the name of Italus, Italy is called
1010:
The similarity with the name "Italy" of the last toponym, "Itala", is evident. Danish archaeologist and philologist
4549:
3830:
3716:
2482:
2144:
793:; the name "Italy" derives from him. Given first to the region corresponding to his kingdom, that is almost all of
548:
5159:
4673:
4585:
4432:
4427:
4258:
4126:
3378:
450:
3116:
2289:"La riorganizzazione amministrativa dell'Italia. Costantino, Roma, il Senato e gli equilibri dell'Italia romana"
4621:
4209:
3686:
3308:
2152:
1821:
947:
was etymologically related to the word indicating the bull, an animal sacred to the
Vitulis. The ancient Greek
628:
518:
173:
821:
According to Strabo, Antiochus of Syracuse (5th century BC) already spoke of the borders of Italy in his work
4872:
4703:
4590:
4121:
4116:
423:
365:
360:
344:
4631:
4570:
4555:
4407:
4268:
3721:
553:
486:
3039:
4975:
4693:
4539:
4321:
4231:
4131:
4017:
3985:
3670:
2908:
2310:
1585:
1413:
735:
664:. Considerations extraneous to the specifically linguistic reconstruction of the name have formed a rich
599:
440:
5030:
4658:
4478:
4385:
4358:
4293:
4167:
3701:
3627:
3515:
3328:
3245:
2354:
2243:
1272:), there is a personification of Italy as a goddess, accompanied by a legend that reproduces her name,
975:) probably belonging to the most ancient etymology of the land of the bulls (of cattle). These include
781:
533:
492:
5154:
5060:
4826:
4749:
4713:
3731:
3696:
3691:
3576:
3353:
1421:
1384:
1257:
621:
563:
528:
523:
51:
28:
5075:
5065:
5045:
5015:
4970:
4668:
4510:
4442:
4412:
4392:
4273:
3949:
3914:
3711:
543:
278:
136:
4955:
4718:
4575:
4545:
4520:
4437:
4397:
4336:
4235:
4000:
3970:
3591:
3543:
3440:
3435:
3203:
2887:
2616:
2178:
2160:
992:
854:
436:
308:
225:
3225:
2816:
2442:
719:, that is, inhabitants of Italy. This group of Italian people had worshiped the simulacrum of a
4653:
4641:
4417:
4402:
4094:
3736:
1445:
1424:. The town of Catanzaro has a road sign (in Italian) also stating this fact. But by this time,
893:
861:
807:
568:
1491:
came in the Roman sphere of influence in the 220s BC and became considered geographically and
1288:= Italy) in the Oscan alphabet. This is the first epigraphic testimony of the use of the name
4960:
4887:
4867:
4781:
4730:
4488:
4468:
4278:
3872:
3840:
3726:
3706:
3620:
3548:
3400:
3238:
2035:
1878:
1813:
1809:
1803:
1649:
1417:
1409:
1347:
1201:
777:
558:
538:
460:
97:
4811:
4626:
4515:
4493:
4147:
4045:
3929:
3797:
3553:
3230:
3025:
Beyond the Rubicon: Romans and Gauls in Republican Italy - J. H. C. Williams - Google Books
2039:
1784:
1165:
376:
167:
91:
1256:
and was often depicted goring the Roman wolf as a defiant symbol of free Italy during the
8:
5095:
5085:
5040:
4806:
4771:
4766:
4483:
4104:
4040:
3960:
3500:
2746:
2182:
2137:
2071:
2043:
2017:
1882:
1653:
1573:
1331:
1309:
1026:"). With the arrival of the ancient Greeks, the consonant V was eliminated from the word
865:
811:
338:
326:
303:
205:
2962:
The "Birth" of Italy: The Institutionalization of Italy as a Region, 3rd–1st Century BCE
2935:
The "Birth" of Italy: The Institutionalization of Italy as a Region, 3rd–1st Century BCE
1139:
Aιθαλια (Italy) volcanic, or flaming and sooty, for the same reason that the islands of
711:. This is attested by the fact that the ancient Greek peoples who colonized present-day
5070:
5055:
5035:
4892:
4833:
4786:
4708:
4565:
4535:
4525:
4500:
4473:
4380:
4373:
4309:
4065:
4060:
3777:
3470:
3430:
3410:
3390:
3293:
3062:
1323:
1173:
299:
239:
2659:
5020:
5010:
4882:
4796:
4761:
4688:
4678:
4456:
4326:
4240:
4070:
4050:
4024:
4012:
3807:
3802:
3787:
3782:
3767:
3581:
3405:
3147:
3029:
2993:
2966:
2939:
2792:
2531:
2223:
2168:
1991:
1565:
1476:
1394:
1313:
1305:
1301:
964:
825:, which identified it with the ancient Oenotrians. At that time it extended from the
803:
704:
700:
444:
254:
86:
2837:
760:, and then they changed their name to Italics; succeeding Morgete, they were called
5090:
4912:
4862:
4843:
4838:
4791:
4698:
4636:
4616:
4604:
4560:
4363:
4343:
4331:
4194:
4075:
3792:
3655:
3647:
3601:
3586:
3533:
3485:
3480:
3455:
3313:
2194:
1398:
1368:
1362:, which initially coincided with the large western coastal region between northern
1249:
1234:
1164:
It was mainly Silvestri who recovered this theory, assuming three ancient Greek or
1116:
tradition the name revived the theory of expansion from south to north in that the
940:
826:
672:) or in any case strongly problematic (such as the connection of the name with the
668:
of solutions that are either associated with legend (the existence of a king named
60:
4162:
3571:
5000:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4877:
4801:
4663:
4182:
4080:
3965:
3865:
3772:
3510:
3460:
3420:
3373:
3368:
3358:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3318:
3303:
3298:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3210:
3189:
2117:
1987:
1638:(eastern Switzerland, western and central Austria and part of northeastern Italy)
1380:
834:
830:
480:
283:
1546:
5133:
5080:
5050:
4995:
4902:
4776:
4723:
4683:
4353:
4348:
4199:
4099:
4055:
4007:
3955:
3909:
3877:
3835:
3812:
3596:
3538:
3505:
3495:
3475:
3465:
3450:
3445:
3425:
3395:
3363:
3348:
3323:
2680:
2628:
2128:, from which are derived the Italian (and also French and English) name of the
2113:
1908:
1667:
1488:
1472:
1319:
1300:
Another theory, rather contested, suggests that Italy derives from "Atalu", an
1220:
1117:
1102:
996:
692:
673:
661:
411:
215:
195:
130:
36:
2883:
1412:, it included only the southern portion of the Bruttium peninsula: the actual
5148:
5005:
4646:
4216:
3904:
3882:
3490:
3415:
2575:
D. Silvestri, “Per una etimologia del nome Italia”, AIΩN-linguistica 22, 2000
1974:
1703:
1534:
1464:
1343:
1327:
1253:
1241:
1113:
1004:
968:
877:
720:
124:
103:
40:
1791:
931:
were known as Italy. The ancient Greeks indicated the origin of the name in
5123:
4930:
4735:
4505:
4109:
3975:
3924:
3899:
2133:
1901:(central Austria, part of southern Germany, and part of northeastern Italy)
1840:
1277:
611:
332:
161:
117:
19:
5025:
4965:
4935:
4288:
3919:
3182:
3082:
2789:
Roma. Potere e identità: dalle origini alla nascita dell'impero cristiano
2604:
2403:
2380:
2034:
and the mountain areas of modern Campania; i.e., the modern provinces of
1600:
1538:
1498:
1359:
984:
665:
473:
386:
141:
2774:
The Jewish Radical Right: Revisionist Zionism and its Ideological Legacy
1401:, originally applied only to the "tip" of the Italian "boot" (in modern
715:
by integrating with the pre-existing peoples, referred to themselves as
4283:
3892:
3144:
Storia dell'Italia bizantina (VI-XI secolo): da Giustiniano ai Normanni
2620:
2148:
2067:
1759:
1561:
1128:
1019:
988:
983:
in the 10th century whose name survives today in the municipalities of
790:
753:
466:
1375:
1172:
For Felice Vinci, this solution would solve the problem of the long i
2702:"Lo sapevi che ci sono varie ipotesi sull'origine del nome "Italia"?"
1428:
and Italy had become synonymous and the name also applied to most of
1351:
1265:
1189:
799:
716:
708:
657:
649:
153:
147:
24:
1937:
730:
The name of Italy originally applied only to the tip of the Italian
4940:
4925:
4920:
4821:
3855:
3850:
2483:"L'Italia è nata in Calabria. Ecco la teoria che lo confermerebbe?"
2173:
2156:
2129:
2092:
2063:
2013:
1864:
1854:
1763:
1721:
1629:
1619:
1577:
1530:
1507:
1493:
1475:, in 264 BC, that the territory called "Italy" was extended to the
1457:
1453:
1425:
1402:
1185:
1106:
1038:
1000:
980:
976:
944:
928:
850:
794:
761:
712:
349:
810:
to the west. The capital of his kingdom, according to Strabo, was
3887:
3612:
2724:"Umberto Galimberti: All'origine delle parole. Giovanni Semerano"
2099:
2027:
1999:
1956:
1948:
1918:
1850:
1739:
1731:
1699:
1685:
1677:
1615:
1604:
1581:
1525:
1512:
1484:
1449:
1429:
1363:
1269:
1245:
1097:
1015:
972:
845:
765:
2776:. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press. pp. 146, 204.
4580:
2398:
2375:
2124:? meaning "are you an Italian or a provincial?". The adjective
2081:
2053:
2031:
1995:
1978:
1960:
1922:
1886:
1874:
1829:
1773:
1749:
1735:
1707:
1689:
1657:
1645:
1596:
1569:
1144:
1056:
1042:
769:
757:
696:
669:
3100:
Laffi, Umberto (1992). "La provincia della Gallia Cisalpina".
3860:
3643:
2085:
2009:
1964:
1777:
1717:
1516:
1437:
1355:
1227:
1148:
885:
860:
Not all ancient authors adhered to the mythological version.
681:
3260:
4368:
3845:
1828:), and was subdivided into two dioceses. It still included
1542:
1520:
1480:
1140:
1030:, which disappeared in classical Greek, and only the word "
909:
815:
752:
The region, which is now called Italy, formerly held the
2477:
2475:
2473:
2443:"Perché l'Italia si chiama Italia? 7 possibili risposte"
2593:] (in Italian). Gorizia: Leg edizioni. p. 176.
1519:, described Italy as the entire peninsula south of the
1460:
and others) competing with Rome in the 1st century BC.
2112:
was used to describe "a man of Italy" as opposed to a
1018:
where Itala is situated and where a population of the
2470:
2171:, which nominally lasted until 1806, although it had
1264:, dating back to 90 BC, found in the ancient city of
1180:, that conflicts with the short i length of the word
1037:
From the Oenotrians, the populations of the Italics,
768:, who divided the peoples, who were then Morgeti and
3146:(in Italian). Bononia University Press. p. 19.
2394:
2392:
2390:
2333:"Italo, il mitico re che ha dato il nome all'Italia"
2136:
and was used alternatively with Italicus during the
1358:
and ancient Greek world), and probably also a first
4127:
Austrian occupation and Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia
3141:
1607:). It was subdivided into the following provinces:
2437:
2435:
687:One theory is that the name derives from the word
2525:
2387:
2159:invasions, "Italia" was retained as the name for
5146:
2786:
2432:
1244:transmission (evidenced in the loss of initial
2465:Antica topografia istorica del Regno di Napoli
2271:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2261:
951:is of Italic derivation from the Osco-Umbrian
840:
814:, today probably corresponding to the city of
3628:
3246:
2550:
1832:. The two dioceses and their provinces were:
959:, form with diminutive suffix meaning calf).
629:
2884:"italian travel team Calabria - Italy Guide"
2619:, p. 974: "first syll. naturally short (cf.
772:; and Italics were those who were Oenotrians
2958:
2931:
2660:""Fucinus lacus" - Il primo prosciugamento"
2605:Il nome dell'Italia è probabilmente etrusco
2258:
1214:
656:has been the subject of reconstructions by
3635:
3621:
3253:
3239:
3067:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2959:Carlà-Uhink, Filippo (25 September 2017).
2932:Carlà-Uhink, Filippo (25 September 2017).
2283:
2281:
2147:, which was caused by the invasion of the
1591:Indeed under Diocletian Italy became the '
1471:to a larger region, but it was during the
971:origin (some translated into Latin by the
927:In ancient times the lands of present-day
741:
636:
622:
2838:"History of Calabria - Passion For Italy"
2649:(London: Fitzroy and Dearborn, 1997), 24.
2569:
2457:
2181:pitting the empire against the ascendant
1895:(eastern Switzerland and western Austria)
1376:Evolution of the territory called "Italy"
1346:(limited to the southern Italy), another
703:and who inhabited the extreme tip of the
3261:Names of European states and territories
3021:
1790:
1379:
1096:
1022:lived, which had a bull as its emblem ("
844:
18:
3055:Decline of the Roman republic: Volume 2
2744:
2278:
2214:
2212:
2210:
1326:and the first modern native speaker of
876:") for the abundance and beauty of the
5147:
2985:
2965:. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG.
2938:. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG.
2914:. Procopiocaterina.files.wordpress.com
2771:
2632:825, but in dactylic verse lengthened
1549:. All its inhabitants were considered
1372:, and which then absorbed the others.
896:) in the region. The passage from the
3616:
3234:
3114:
3099:
2647:Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture
2584:
2557:(in Italian). Editori del Politecnico
1316:, which would mean "land of sunset".
855:Roman expansion and conquest of Italy
746:
4173:Proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy
3052:
2244:"Quale è l'origine del nome Italia?"
2238:
2236:
2207:
1994:, other areas of Lazio and areas of
1935:(Italy "under the government of the
849:Ethnolinguistic map of Italy in the
3123:(in Italian). Enciclopedia Italiana
3081:
3046:
2745:Ben-Avi, Itamar (16 October 1929).
2220:Italia. Disegno storico-linguistico
1226:, meaning " of young cattle" (c.f.
13:
3642:
3108:
3022:Williams, J. H. C. (22 May 2020).
2554:Le origini della civiltà in Europa
1195:
935:from the word "Italói" (plural of
14:
5171:
3219:
2861:. Bellevacanze.it. Archived from
2813:"The Origins of the Name 'Italy'"
2233:
1963:and the northern part of coastal
1889:and eastern and central Lombardy)
1505:, are better established. Cato's
1467:gradually came to apply the name
1397:, which is also eponymous of the
1295:
5129:
5128:
5117:
2591:Homer secrets' in the Baltic Sea
2145:fall of the Western Roman Empire
1812:subdivided the Empire into four
1444:) were minted by an alliance of
1432:as well. Coins bearing the name
955:, precisely bull (see the Latin
605:
70:
39:, represented as a goddess with
4858:Orders, decorations, and medals
3194:
3172:
3160:
3135:
3093:
3075:
3015:
3006:
2979:
2952:
2925:
2901:
2890:from the original on 2021-12-21
2876:
2851:
2830:
2805:
2780:
2765:
2738:
2716:
2694:
2674:
2652:
2639:
2610:
2597:
2578:
2544:
2519:
2497:
2410:
1312:) reconstructed by the scholar
1208:
1105:, corresponding to the current
1092:
2986:Levene, D. S. (17 June 2010).
2587:I segreti di Omero nel Baltico
2445:(in Italian). 31 December 2020
2369:
2347:
2325:
2303:
2008:(central and southern coastal
1915:Flaminia et Picenum Annonarium
1822:Praetorian prefecture of Italy
1497:part of Italy. The borders of
1337:
1151:, full of forges, said Aιθαλια
174:Praetorian prefecture of Italy
1:
2815:. Arcaini.com. Archived from
2645:J.P. Mallory and D.Q. Adams,
2530:. Armando Siciliano Editore.
2335:(in Italian). 22 October 2020
2222:, 2009, Napoli, L'Orientale,
2200:
1867:and eastern part of Piedmont)
1826:praefectura praetoria Italiae
1487:rivers. The northern area of
1252:was a symbol of the southern
284:Byzantine reconquest of Italy
31:, displaying the inscription
16:Overview of the name of Italy
3142:Salvatore Cosentino (2008).
2418:"Bollettino di studi latini"
1933:Diocesis Italia suburbicaria
1595:. It also included southern
1584:, coinciding with the whole
345:Mid-16th c. to early 19th c.
7:
4898:Water supply and sanitation
4322:Italian geographical region
4190:Monarchy and the World Wars
4132:Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
4018:War of the Sicilian Vespers
3671:Timeline of Italian history
3226:Origin of the name "Italia"
3028:. Oxford University Press.
2992:. Oxford University Press.
2626:1.5.18), and so scanned in
2188:
2122:Italicus es an provincialis
1586:Italian geographical region
1414:province of Reggio Calabria
841:Italy as the land of calves
756:; some time their king was
736:Italian geographical region
10:
5176:
4817:Inventions and discoveries
4227:Fall of the Fascist regime
4210:Fourth War of Independence
4168:Expedition of the Thousand
4158:Second War of Independence
2989:Livy on the Hannibalic War
2704:(in Italian). 6 April 2019
2526:Salvatore Vernaci (2011).
2120:notably wrote in a letter
1393:, the ancient name of the
979:, a city destroyed by the
782:Dionysius of Halicarnassus
5113:
4911:
4757:
4748:
4612:
4603:
4591:Security and intelligence
4464:
4455:
4317:
4308:
4251:
4178:Third War of Independence
4153:First War of Independence
4140:
4033:
3942:
3823:
3760:
3679:
3663:
3654:
3562:
3524:
3266:
2485:(in Italian). 12 May 2020
1837:Diocesis Italia annonaria
1385:Regions of Augustan Italy
1262:coinage of the Social War
939:), a term with which the
188:Romano-Barbarian Kingdoms
4269:Istrian–Dalmatian exodus
4264:Institutional referendum
3104:(in Italian) (80): 5–23.
2787:Giovanni Brizzi (2012).
967:, there are toponyms of
691:, a term with which the
279:Italy in the Middle Ages
137:Roman expansion in Italy
37:personification of Italy
4792:Emigration and diaspora
4001:Guelphs and Ghibellines
3986:the Sardinian Judicates
3188:29 October 2018 at the
2886:. YouTube. 2011-03-01.
2751:Do'ar ha-yom (דאר היום)
2355:"Gli Itali in Calabria"
2155:was created. After the
1416:and part of the modern
1101:Italy according to the
993:Terranova Sappo Minulio
742:Hypothesis on etymology
487:European migrant crisis
437:Italian Social Republic
352:Italy (1801–1814)
309:Guelphs and Ghibellines
5160:Country name etymology
4674:Science and technology
4622:Italian regions by GDP
4423:Marine protected areas
4095:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
3309:Bosnia and Herzegovina
3115:Aurigemma, Salvatore.
2840:. Passionforitaly.info
2791:(in Italian). Patron.
2585:Vinci, Felice (2021).
2551:Gabriele Rosa (1863).
2016:except for the modern
1814:praetorian prefectures
1806:
1716:(the coastal parts of
1628:(eastern Piedmont and
1418:provinces of Catanzaro
1387:
1322:, the son of linguist
1215:
1159:
1109:
1063:
862:Marcus Terentius Varro
857:
833:(to the east) and the
808:Gulf of Saint Euphemia
787:
695:designated a tribe of
170:(286 AD–476 AD)
100:(12th–6th c. BC)
94:(18th–3rd c. BC)
43:
23:Silver coin minted in
4873:Public administration
3981:the Holy Roman Empire
3053:Long, George (1866).
2772:Kaplan, Eran (2005).
2185:in the 13th century.
2177:disintegrated due to
2060:Lucania et Bruttium (
1971:Picenum suburbicarium
1879:Friuli-Venezia Giulia
1804:Constantine the Great
1794:
1650:Friuli-Venezia Giulia
1410:Antiochus of Syracuse
1383:
1137:
1100:
1047:
848:
778:Antiochus of Syracuse
750:
430:Italy in World War II
133:(509 BC–27 BC)
127:(753 BC–509 BC)
106:(8th–3rd c. BC)
98:Etruscan civilization
29:Social War (91–87 BC)
22:
5101:World Heritage Sites
4556:Council of Ministers
4294:Coronavirus pandemic
3692:Currency and coinage
2463:Domenico Romanelli,
1907:(the Emilia part of
1853:and western part of
1593:Dioecesis Italiciana
1511:, the first work of
1350:(separated from the
1280:, or the equivalent
1131:, in ancient Greek "
806:to the east and the
699:who had crossed the
524:Currency and coinage
463:(1970s–1980s)
418:Italy in World War I
329:(14th–16th c.)
164:(27 BC–286 AD)
92:Nuragic civilization
35:on the verge of the
4632:Automotive industry
4571:Metropolitan cities
4117:Early Modern period
4090:Kingdom of Sardinia
4041:Italian city-states
3525:States with limited
3089:. Vol. 41. 36.
2685:Gli antichi Italici
2607:”, RION IX, 2003, 1
2138:early modern period
2074:in modern Campania)
2072:province of Salerno
2044:province of Caserta
2018:province of Salerno
1883:Trentino-Alto Adige
1818:Diocesis Italiciana
1800:Italia suburbicaria
1785:Corsica et Sardinia
1756:Lucania et Bruttium
1654:Trentino-Alto Adige
1574:Maltese archipelago
1184:word from that the
1089:and finally Itala.
868:, derives the word
327:Italian Renaissance
304:Italian city-states
4694:Telecommunications
4061:Maritime republics
3209:2012-03-18 at the
3117:"Gallia Cisalpina"
2179:factional politics
2050:Apulia et Calabria
1871:Venetia et Histria
1807:
1746:Apulia et Calabria
1714:Latium et Campania
1642:Venetia et Histria
1388:
1324:Eliezer Ben-Yehuda
1110:
858:
747:The myth of Italus
300:Maritime republics
286:(6th–8th c.)
240:Carolingian Empire
44:
5142:
5141:
5109:
5108:
4744:
4743:
4679:Southern question
4599:
4598:
4531:Political parties
4479:Foreign relations
4451:
4450:
4304:
4303:
4025:Kingdom of Naples
4013:Kingdom of Sicily
3610:
3609:
2999:978-0-19-815295-8
2972:978-3-11-054478-7
2945:978-3-11-054478-7
2909:"Billboard image"
2798:978-88-555-3153-5
2603:Massimo Pittau, “
2537:978-88-7442-426-9
2228:978-88-95044-62-0
2169:Holy Roman Empire
2165:successor kingdom
1992:province of Rieti
1566:Mediterranean Sea
1541:and Istria up to
1477:Italian Peninsula
1395:Italian Peninsula
1314:Giovanni Semerano
1283:
1275:
1219:may derive from
965:Strait of Messina
835:Gulf of Posidonia
804:Gulf of Squillace
701:Strait of Messina
646:
645:
493:COVID-19 pandemic
489:(2014–2016)
483:(2007–2009)
477:(1992–2001)
469:(1986–1992)
447:(1943–1945)
445:Italian Civil War
432:(1940–1945)
426:(1922–1943)
420:(1914–1918)
414:(1882–1960)
408:(1861–1946)
380:(1815–1871)
341:(1545–1648)
335:(1494–1559)
296:in southern Italy
264:
263:
255:Holy Roman Empire
87:Prehistoric Italy
5167:
5155:History of Italy
5132:
5131:
5124:Italy portal
5121:
5120:
5061:National symbols
4755:
4754:
4610:
4609:
4462:
4461:
4315:
4314:
4195:Kingdom of Italy
4122:Napoleonic Italy
3661:
3660:
3637:
3630:
3623:
3614:
3613:
3563:Dependencies and
3267:Sovereign states
3255:
3248:
3241:
3232:
3231:
3213:
3204:Italian "Comuni"
3202:
3198:
3192:
3176:
3170:
3164:
3158:
3157:
3139:
3133:
3132:
3130:
3128:
3112:
3106:
3105:
3097:
3091:
3090:
3079:
3073:
3072:
3066:
3058:
3050:
3044:
3043:
3038:. Archived from
3019:
3013:
3010:
3004:
3003:
2983:
2977:
2976:
2956:
2950:
2949:
2929:
2923:
2922:
2920:
2919:
2913:
2905:
2899:
2898:
2896:
2895:
2880:
2874:
2873:
2871:
2870:
2855:
2849:
2848:
2846:
2845:
2834:
2828:
2827:
2825:
2824:
2809:
2803:
2802:
2784:
2778:
2777:
2769:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2758:
2747:"דרך ימנו העברי"
2742:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2731:
2720:
2714:
2713:
2711:
2709:
2698:
2692:
2678:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2667:
2656:
2650:
2643:
2637:
2631:
2614:
2608:
2601:
2595:
2594:
2582:
2576:
2573:
2567:
2566:
2564:
2562:
2548:
2542:
2541:
2523:
2517:
2516:
2514:
2512:
2501:
2495:
2494:
2492:
2490:
2479:
2468:
2461:
2455:
2454:
2452:
2450:
2439:
2430:
2429:
2427:
2425:
2414:
2408:
2396:
2385:
2373:
2367:
2366:
2364:
2362:
2351:
2345:
2344:
2342:
2340:
2329:
2323:
2322:
2320:
2318:
2307:
2301:
2300:
2298:
2296:
2285:
2276:
2273:
2256:
2255:
2253:
2251:
2240:
2231:
2216:
2195:History of Italy
2153:Kingdom of Italy
2116:. For example,
2042:and part of the
1796:Italia annonaria
1533:, as planned by
1443:
1332:Ze'ev Jabotinsky
1306:Semitic language
1281:
1273:
1218:
1157:
1061:
1012:Frederik Poulsen
874:Italia a Vitulis
827:Strait of Sicily
785:
705:Italic Peninsula
638:
631:
624:
612:Italy portal
610:
609:
608:
339:Catholic revival
192:
191:
74:
64:
46:
45:
5175:
5174:
5170:
5169:
5168:
5166:
5165:
5164:
5145:
5144:
5143:
5138:
5118:
5105:
5076:Public holidays
4907:
4853:Life expectancy
4740:
4595:
4511:Law enforcement
4447:
4300:
4247:
4236:Social Republic
4200:Colonial Empire
4183:Capture of Rome
4136:
4029:
3938:
3831:Ancient peoples
3819:
3756:
3717:Historic states
3675:
3650:
3641:
3611:
3606:
3564:
3558:
3544:Northern Cyprus
3526:
3520:
3441:North Macedonia
3262:
3259:
3222:
3217:
3216:
3211:Wayback Machine
3200:
3199:
3195:
3190:Wayback Machine
3177:
3173:
3165:
3161:
3154:
3140:
3136:
3126:
3124:
3121:www.treccani.it
3113:
3109:
3098:
3094:
3087:Historia Romana
3080:
3076:
3060:
3059:
3051:
3047:
3042:on 22 May 2020.
3036:
3020:
3016:
3011:
3007:
3000:
2984:
2980:
2973:
2957:
2953:
2946:
2930:
2926:
2917:
2915:
2911:
2907:
2906:
2902:
2893:
2891:
2882:
2881:
2877:
2868:
2866:
2857:
2856:
2852:
2843:
2841:
2836:
2835:
2831:
2822:
2820:
2811:
2810:
2806:
2799:
2785:
2781:
2770:
2766:
2756:
2754:
2743:
2739:
2729:
2727:
2722:
2721:
2717:
2707:
2705:
2700:
2699:
2695:
2691:, 1931 (p. 116)
2679:
2675:
2665:
2663:
2658:
2657:
2653:
2644:
2640:
2627:
2615:
2611:
2602:
2598:
2583:
2579:
2574:
2570:
2560:
2558:
2549:
2545:
2538:
2524:
2520:
2510:
2508:
2503:
2502:
2498:
2488:
2486:
2481:
2480:
2471:
2462:
2458:
2448:
2446:
2441:
2440:
2433:
2423:
2421:
2416:
2415:
2411:
2397:
2388:
2374:
2370:
2360:
2358:
2353:
2352:
2348:
2338:
2336:
2331:
2330:
2326:
2316:
2314:
2309:
2308:
2304:
2294:
2292:
2287:
2286:
2279:
2274:
2259:
2249:
2247:
2242:
2241:
2234:
2218:Alberto Manco,
2217:
2208:
2203:
2191:
2118:Pliny the Elder
2108:The Latin term
1702:and the former
1441:
1399:modern republic
1378:
1340:
1298:
1211:
1198:
1196:Etruscan origin
1158:
1155:
1095:
1062:
1053:
843:
837:(to the west).
831:Gulf of Taranto
812:Pandosia Bruzia
786:
776:
764:; later came a
749:
744:
707:, near today's
642:
606:
604:
602:
593:
592:
591:
589:
549:Historic states
513:
505:
504:
481:Great Recession
412:Colonial Empire
401:
393:
392:
391:
372:
322:
314:
313:
274:
266:
265:
189:
181:
180:
120:
110:
109:
82:
62:
55:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5173:
5163:
5162:
5157:
5140:
5139:
5137:
5136:
5126:
5114:
5111:
5110:
5107:
5106:
5104:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5088:
5083:
5078:
5073:
5068:
5063:
5058:
5053:
5048:
5043:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5018:
5013:
5008:
5003:
4998:
4993:
4988:
4983:
4978:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4917:
4915:
4909:
4908:
4906:
4905:
4900:
4895:
4890:
4885:
4880:
4875:
4870:
4865:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4849:
4848:
4847:
4846:
4831:
4830:
4829:
4819:
4814:
4809:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4789:
4784:
4779:
4774:
4769:
4764:
4758:
4752:
4746:
4745:
4742:
4741:
4739:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4727:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4684:Stock exchange
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4650:
4649:
4644:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4613:
4607:
4601:
4600:
4597:
4596:
4594:
4593:
4588:
4586:Municipalities
4583:
4578:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4546:Prime Minister
4543:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4497:
4496:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4465:
4459:
4453:
4452:
4449:
4448:
4446:
4445:
4440:
4435:
4433:Regional parks
4430:
4428:National parks
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4389:
4388:
4378:
4377:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4340:
4339:
4337:Climate change
4329:
4324:
4318:
4312:
4306:
4305:
4302:
4301:
4299:
4298:
4297:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4255:
4253:
4249:
4248:
4246:
4245:
4244:
4243:
4238:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4213:
4212:
4202:
4197:
4187:
4186:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4144:
4142:
4138:
4137:
4135:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4113:
4112:
4102:
4100:Duchy of Savoy
4097:
4092:
4087:
4086:
4085:
4084:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4037:
4035:
4031:
4030:
4028:
4027:
4022:
4021:
4020:
4010:
4008:Lombard League
4005:
4004:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3946:
3944:
3940:
3939:
3937:
3936:
3935:
3934:
3933:
3932:
3930:Western Empire
3922:
3917:
3915:Roman conquest
3912:
3907:
3897:
3896:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3869:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3836:Italic peoples
3827:
3825:
3821:
3820:
3818:
3817:
3816:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3764:
3762:
3758:
3757:
3755:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3683:
3681:
3677:
3676:
3674:
3673:
3667:
3665:
3658:
3652:
3651:
3640:
3639:
3632:
3625:
3617:
3608:
3607:
3605:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3568:
3566:
3565:other entities
3560:
3559:
3557:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3530:
3528:
3522:
3521:
3519:
3518:
3516:United Kingdom
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3329:Czech Republic
3326:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3270:
3268:
3264:
3263:
3258:
3257:
3250:
3243:
3235:
3229:
3228:
3221:
3220:External links
3218:
3215:
3214:
3193:
3171:
3159:
3152:
3134:
3107:
3092:
3074:
3045:
3034:
3014:
3005:
2998:
2978:
2971:
2951:
2944:
2924:
2900:
2875:
2850:
2829:
2804:
2797:
2779:
2764:
2737:
2715:
2693:
2681:Giacomo Devoto
2673:
2651:
2638:
2609:
2596:
2577:
2568:
2543:
2536:
2518:
2496:
2469:
2456:
2431:
2409:
2386:
2368:
2346:
2324:
2302:
2277:
2257:
2232:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2198:
2197:
2190:
2187:
2183:city republics
2163:, and for its
2106:
2105:
2104:
2103:
2096:
2089:
2075:
2057:
2047:
2021:
2003:
1982:
1977:, in southern
1968:
1941:", i.e. Rome)
1929:
1928:
1927:
1926:
1912:
1909:Emilia-Romagna
1902:
1896:
1890:
1868:
1858:
1839:(Italy of the
1789:
1788:
1781:
1767:
1753:
1743:
1725:
1711:
1693:
1671:
1668:Emilia-Romagna
1661:
1639:
1633:
1623:
1560:Under Emperor
1489:Cisalpine Gaul
1473:Roman Republic
1446:Italic peoples
1442:𐌅𐌝𐌕𐌄𐌋𐌉𐌞
1377:
1374:
1339:
1336:
1320:Itamar Ben-Avi
1297:
1296:Semitic origin
1294:
1278:Latin alphabet
1210:
1207:
1197:
1194:
1153:
1118:ancient Greeks
1103:ancient Greeks
1094:
1091:
1051:
872:from calves ("
842:
839:
774:
748:
745:
743:
740:
693:ancient Greeks
644:
643:
641:
640:
633:
626:
618:
615:
614:
595:
594:
587:
586:
581:
576:
571:
566:
561:
556:
551:
546:
541:
536:
531:
526:
521:
515:
514:
511:
510:
507:
506:
503:
502:
501:
500:
490:
484:
478:
470:
458:
448:
433:
427:
421:
415:
409:
402:
399:
398:
395:
394:
390:
389:
383:
382:
381:
371:
370:
369:
368:
363:
355:
354:
353:
347:
342:
336:
330:
323:
320:
319:
316:
315:
312:
311:
306:
297:
287:
281:
275:
272:
271:
268:
267:
262:
261:
260:962–1801
258:
247:
246:
243:
232:
231:
228:
222:
221:
218:
212:
211:
208:
202:
201:
198:
190:
187:
186:
183:
182:
179:
178:
177:
176:
168:Western Empire
165:
159:
158:
157:
144:
139:
128:
121:
116:
115:
112:
111:
108:
107:
101:
95:
89:
83:
80:
79:
76:
75:
67:
66:
57:
56:
49:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5172:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5152:
5150:
5135:
5127:
5125:
5116:
5115:
5112:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5084:
5082:
5079:
5077:
5074:
5072:
5069:
5067:
5064:
5062:
5059:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4918:
4916:
4914:
4910:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4845:
4842:
4841:
4840:
4837:
4836:
4835:
4832:
4828:
4825:
4824:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4780:
4778:
4775:
4773:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4760:
4759:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4747:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4711:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4639:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4614:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4602:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4551:
4547:
4544:
4541:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4495:
4492:
4491:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4466:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4454:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4387:
4384:
4383:
4382:
4379:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4361:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4338:
4335:
4334:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4319:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4307:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4279:Years of Lead
4277:
4275:
4274:Economic Boom
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4261:
4260:
4257:
4256:
4254:
4250:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4217:Fascist Italy
4215:
4211:
4208:
4207:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4192:
4191:
4188:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4163:Niçard exodus
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4150:
4149:
4146:
4145:
4143:
4139:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4111:
4108:
4107:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4063:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4043:
4042:
4039:
4038:
4036:
4032:
4026:
4023:
4019:
4016:
4015:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3953:
3952:
3951:
3948:
3947:
3945:
3941:
3931:
3928:
3927:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3902:
3901:
3898:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3883:Magna Graecia
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3839:
3838:
3837:
3834:
3833:
3832:
3829:
3828:
3826:
3822:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3770:
3769:
3766:
3765:
3763:
3759:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3684:
3682:
3678:
3672:
3669:
3668:
3666:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3653:
3649:
3645:
3638:
3633:
3631:
3626:
3624:
3619:
3618:
3615:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3577:Faroe Islands
3575:
3573:
3570:
3569:
3567:
3561:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3549:South Ossetia
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3531:
3529:
3523:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3401:Liechtenstein
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3271:
3269:
3265:
3256:
3251:
3249:
3244:
3242:
3237:
3236:
3233:
3227:
3224:
3223:
3212:
3208:
3205:
3197:
3191:
3187:
3184:
3180:
3175:
3168:
3163:
3155:
3153:9788873953609
3149:
3145:
3138:
3122:
3118:
3111:
3103:
3096:
3088:
3084:
3078:
3070:
3064:
3056:
3049:
3041:
3037:
3035:9780198153009
3031:
3027:
3026:
3018:
3009:
3001:
2995:
2991:
2990:
2982:
2974:
2968:
2964:
2963:
2955:
2947:
2941:
2937:
2936:
2928:
2910:
2904:
2889:
2885:
2879:
2865:on 2016-03-01
2864:
2860:
2854:
2839:
2833:
2819:on 2015-09-23
2818:
2814:
2808:
2800:
2794:
2790:
2783:
2775:
2768:
2752:
2748:
2741:
2725:
2719:
2703:
2697:
2690:
2686:
2682:
2677:
2661:
2655:
2648:
2642:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2622:
2618:
2613:
2606:
2600:
2592:
2588:
2581:
2572:
2556:
2555:
2547:
2539:
2533:
2529:
2522:
2506:
2500:
2484:
2478:
2476:
2474:
2467:, Napoli 1815
2466:
2460:
2444:
2438:
2436:
2419:
2413:
2406:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2393:
2391:
2383:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2356:
2350:
2334:
2328:
2312:
2306:
2290:
2284:
2282:
2272:
2270:
2268:
2266:
2264:
2262:
2245:
2239:
2237:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2215:
2213:
2211:
2206:
2196:
2193:
2192:
2186:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2175:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2161:their kingdom
2158:
2154:
2150:
2146:
2141:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2102:
2101:
2097:
2095:
2094:
2090:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2076:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2058:
2055:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2004:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1986:
1983:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1939:
1934:
1931:
1930:
1924:
1921:and northern
1920:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1906:
1903:
1900:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1847:Alpes Cottiae
1845:
1844:
1842:
1838:
1835:
1834:
1833:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1787:
1786:
1782:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1768:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1747:
1744:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1726:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1712:
1709:
1706:, in today's
1705:
1704:Ager Gallicus
1701:
1697:
1694:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1627:
1624:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1610:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1603:and parts of
1602:
1598:
1594:
1589:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1558:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1535:Julius Caesar
1532:
1528:
1527:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1509:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1495:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1479:south of the
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1461:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1422:Vibo Valentia
1419:
1415:
1411:
1408:According to
1406:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1386:
1382:
1373:
1371:
1370:
1369:ager Campanus
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1335:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1293:
1291:
1287:
1279:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1254:Italic tribes
1251:
1247:
1243:
1242:ancient Greek
1239:
1236:
1232:
1229:
1225:
1222:
1217:
1206:
1203:
1193:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1170:
1167:
1162:
1156:Gabriele Rosa
1152:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1136:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1121:
1119:
1115:
1114:ancient Greek
1108:
1104:
1099:
1090:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1059:
1058:
1050:
1046:
1044:
1040:
1035:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1008:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
974:
970:
969:Magna Graecia
966:
962:
958:
954:
950:
946:
942:
938:
934:
930:
925:
923:
919:
915:
911:
905:
903:
899:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
856:
853:, before the
852:
847:
838:
836:
832:
828:
824:
819:
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
796:
792:
783:
779:
773:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
739:
737:
733:
728:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
685:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
654:name of Italy
651:
639:
634:
632:
627:
625:
620:
619:
617:
616:
613:
603:
601:
597:
596:
590:
585:
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
516:
509:
508:
498:
494:
491:
488:
485:
482:
479:
476:
475:
471:
468:
465:
464:
462:
461:Years of Lead
459:
456:
452:
449:
446:
442:
438:
434:
431:
428:
425:
422:
419:
416:
413:
410:
407:
404:
403:
397:
396:
388:
385:
384:
379:
378:
374:
373:
367:
364:
362:
359:
358:
357:
356:
351:
348:
346:
343:
340:
337:
334:
331:
328:
325:
324:
318:
317:
310:
307:
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4931:Quattrocento
4888:Social class
4868:Prostitution
4782:Demographics
4704:Trade unions
4647:Central Bank
4489:Human rights
4469:Constitution
4252:Contemporary
4222:World War II
4110:Italian Wars
4034:Early modern
3976:Papal States
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1181:
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1176:of the word
1171:
1163:
1160:
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1124:
1122:
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1093:Greek origin
1086:
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1034:" remained.
1031:
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924:peninsulas.
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894:Osco-Umbrian
889:
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864:who, citing
859:
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820:
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377:Risorgimento
375:
333:Italian Wars
321:Early modern
152:
146:
118:Ancient Rome
32:
5026:Italophilia
4986:Coat of arm
4936:Cinquecento
4812:Immigration
4762:Aristocracy
4627:Agriculture
4521:Nationality
4494:LGBT rights
4408:Earthquakes
4289:Mani pulite
4205:World War I
4148:Unification
4141:Late modern
4105:Renaissance
3950:Middle Ages
3943:Middle Ages
3920:Roman Italy
3687:Citizenship
3592:Isle of Man
3527:recognition
3501:Switzerland
3436:Netherlands
2753:. p. 3
2561:31 December
2404:Geographica
2381:Geographica
2295:19 November
2167:within the
1820:became the
1810:Constantine
1626:Transpadana
1601:Switzerland
1545:and to the
1499:Roman Italy
1360:Roman Italy
1354:, from the
1344:Greek Italy
1338:Conclusions
1166:Proto-Greek
985:Gioia Tauro
519:Citizenship
474:Mani pulite
387:Young Italy
206:Ostrogothic
142:Roman Italy
61:History of
27:during the
5149:Categories
5096:Traditions
5086:Television
5071:Philosophy
5036:Literature
4976:Cathedrals
4946:Settecento
4807:Healthcare
4772:Corruption
4767:Censorship
4526:Parliament
4484:Government
4284:Maxi Trial
4232:Resistance
3961:Ostrogoths
3893:Messapians
3778:Villanovan
3768:Prehistory
3761:Prehistory
3471:San Marino
3431:Montenegro
3411:Luxembourg
3391:Kazakhstan
3294:Azerbaijan
3127:14 October
2918:2015-08-25
2894:2015-08-25
2869:2015-08-25
2859:"+ nome +"
2844:2015-08-25
2823:2015-08-25
2730:5 November
2708:5 November
2666:5 November
2511:5 November
2489:5 November
2449:5 November
2424:5 November
2384:, VI, 1,4.
2361:5 November
2339:5 November
2317:5 November
2201:References
2149:Ostrogoths
2143:After the
2114:provincial
2068:Basilicata
1899:Rhaetia II
1760:Basilicata
1572:(with the
1562:Diocletian
1547:Arsa river
1539:Varo river
1310:Phoenician
1258:Social War
1020:Oenotrians
989:Taurianova
791:Trojan War
754:Oenotrians
674:grape vine
662:historians
467:Maxi Trial
350:Napoleonic
5056:Mythology
5031:Libraries
4951:Ottocento
4893:Terrorism
4834:Languages
4787:Education
4709:Transport
4659:Companies
4566:Provinces
4536:President
4501:Judiciary
4474:Elections
4386:Volcanoes
4381:Volcanism
4374:Apennines
4359:Mountains
4327:Peninsula
4310:Geography
4241:Civil War
3966:Byzantium
3873:Etruscans
3808:Canegrate
3803:Golasecca
3788:Rinaldone
3783:Terramare
3773:Neolithic
3582:Gibraltar
3406:Lithuania
3179:ytaliiens
3102:Athenaeum
3063:cite book
3057:. London.
2689:Vallecchi
2407:, V, 1,1.
2311:"Sicilia"
2126:italianus
2052:(today's
2036:Benevento
1953:et Umbria
1863:(western
1748:(today's
1682:et Umbria
1644:(today's
1614:(today's
1352:Apennines
1276:, in the
1266:Corfinium
1260:. On the
961:Ouitoulía
933:Ouitoulía
800:Catanzaro
717:Italiotes
709:Catanzaro
658:linguists
650:etymology
441:Partisans
196:Odoacer's
154:Optimates
148:Populares
25:Corfinium
5134:Category
5021:Internet
5011:Folklore
4941:Seicento
4926:Trecento
4921:Duecento
4883:Religion
4844:Regional
4822:Italians
4797:Gambling
4689:Taxation
4516:Military
4457:Politics
4259:Republic
4046:Florence
3971:Lombards
3910:Republic
3856:Samnites
3851:Picentes
3793:Apennine
3752:Railways
3732:Military
3680:By topic
3664:Overview
3648:articles
3602:Svalbard
3587:Guernsey
3534:Abkhazia
3486:Slovenia
3481:Slovakia
3456:Portugal
3314:Bulgaria
3207:Archived
3186:Archived
2888:Archived
2189:See also
2174:de facto
2134:medieval
2130:Italians
2110:Italicus
2093:Sardinia
2070:and the
2064:Calabria
2040:Avellino
2014:Campania
2006:Campania
1893:Raetia I
1865:Lombardy
1855:Piedmont
1849:(modern
1764:Calabria
1722:Campania
1696:Flaminia
1630:Lombardy
1620:Piedmont
1599:(actual
1578:Sardinia
1531:Augustus
1508:Origines
1494:de facto
1458:Umbrians
1454:Samnites
1426:Oenotria
1403:Calabria
1366:and the
1348:Etruscan
1302:Akkadian
1233:"calf",
1202:Etruscan
1190:dipthong
1182:vitulus,
1154:—
1143:(Ilva),
1125:Aithalía
1107:Calabria
1060:III, 165
1054:Virgil,
1052:—
1039:Morgetes
1001:Bovalino
981:Saracens
977:Tauriana
957:uitellus
945:ethnonym
941:Achaeans
929:Calabria
900:form to
851:Iron Age
823:On Italy
795:Calabria
784:1, 12 vg
775:—
762:Morgetes
713:Calabria
600:Timeline
564:Military
512:By topic
451:Republic
435:Fascist
406:Monarchy
361:Republic
273:Medieval
251:Germanic
236:Frankish
131:Republic
52:a series
50:Part of
5091:Theatre
5066:Palaces
5046:Museums
5016:Gardens
5001:Fashion
4991:Cuisine
4971:Castles
4913:Culture
4863:Poverty
4839:Italian
4750:Society
4731:Welfare
4699:Tourism
4669:Exports
4637:Banking
4617:Economy
4605:Economy
4561:Regions
4443:Valleys
4413:Islands
4393:Beaches
4364:Prealps
4344:Geology
4332:Climate
3996:Normans
3956:Odoacer
3905:Kingdom
3888:Ligures
3824:Ancient
3798:Nuragic
3747:Postage
3722:Judaism
3712:Genetic
3702:Fashion
3697:Economy
3656:History
3511:Ukraine
3461:Romania
3421:Moldova
3379:Ireland
3374:Iceland
3369:Hungary
3359:Germany
3354:Georgia
3344:Finland
3339:Estonia
3334:Denmark
3319:Croatia
3304:Belgium
3299:Belarus
3289:Austria
3284:Armenia
3279:Andorra
3274:Albania
3181:(1265)
3167:Letters
2505:"Itala"
2157:Lombard
2100:Corsica
2078:Sicilia
2062:modern
2028:Abruzzo
2024:Samnium
2000:Abruzzo
1985:Valeria
1957:Tuscany
1949:Etruria
1919:Romagna
1905:Aemilia
1861:Liguria
1851:Liguria
1770:Sicilia
1740:Irpinia
1732:Abruzzo
1728:Samnium
1700:Picenum
1686:Tuscany
1678:Etruria
1664:Aemilia
1636:Rhaetia
1616:Liguria
1612:Liguria
1605:Austria
1582:Corsica
1526:de jure
1513:history
1485:Rubicon
1450:Sabines
1434:Víteliú
1430:Lucania
1364:Etruria
1286:Víteliú
1282:VITELIU
1270:Abruzzo
1248:). The
1246:digamma
1240:), via
1235:Umbrian
1231:vitulus
1224:víteliú
1186:toponym
1079:Gytalas
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1071:Quitala
1028:Vitulus
1024:Vitulus
1016:Messina
973:Normans
922:Japigia
918:Bruttia
898:Vitalia
882:Vitulus
866:Timaeus
829:to the
766:Siculus
725:vitulus
652:of the
584:Railway
579:Postage
554:Judaism
544:Genetic
534:Fashion
529:Economy
497:present
455:present
424:Fascism
366:Kingdom
294:Normans
226:Lombard
125:Kingdom
5122:
4996:Design
4981:Cinema
4956:Anthem
4878:Racism
4827:People
4802:Health
4664:Energy
4654:Brands
4581:Comune
4576:Cities
4438:Rivers
4398:Canals
4081:Amalfi
4066:Venice
3925:Empire
3866:Veneti
3841:Latins
3813:Latial
3646:
3597:Jersey
3539:Kosovo
3506:Turkey
3496:Sweden
3476:Serbia
3466:Russia
3451:Poland
3446:Norway
3426:Monaco
3396:Latvia
3364:Greece
3349:France
3324:Cyprus
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2621:Quint.
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2151:, the
2082:Sicily
2054:Apulia
2032:Molise
1996:Umbria
1988:Sabina
1979:Marche
1975:Piceno
1961:Umbria
1945:Tuscia
1923:Marche
1887:Veneto
1875:Istria
1841:annona
1830:Raetia
1816:. The
1802:under
1774:Sicily
1750:Apulia
1736:Molise
1708:Marche
1690:Umbria
1674:Tuscia
1658:Istria
1646:Veneto
1597:Raetia
1570:Sicily
1551:Italic
1503:Italia
1469:Italia
1465:Greeks
1391:Italia
1356:Gallic
1328:Hebrew
1304:word (
1290:Italia
1274:ITALIA
1216:Italia
1178:Italia
1174:length
1145:Lemnos
1087:Hitala
1083:Kitala
1067:Gitala
1057:Aeneid
1043:Sicels
1032:Itulus
991:, and
949:italós
937:Italós
914:taurus
902:Italia
870:Italia
770:Sicels
758:Italus
697:Sicels
689:Italói
670:Italus
666:corpus
400:Modern
216:Vandal
162:Empire
54:on the
33:ITALIA
5081:Sport
5051:Music
5041:Media
4903:Women
4777:Crime
4642:Banks
4418:Lakes
4403:Caves
4354:Flora
4349:Fauna
4071:Genoa
4056:Milan
4051:Siena
3991:Arabs
3878:Celts
3861:Umbri
3737:Music
3707:Flags
3644:Italy
3572:Åland
3491:Spain
3416:Malta
3386:Italy
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2624:Inst.
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2010:Lazio
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1778:Malta
1718:Lazio
1555:Roman
1517:Latin
1438:Oscan
1308:like
1238:vitlu
1228:Latin
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1133:Aitna
1005:Itala
953:uitlu
910:bulls
890:Vitlu
886:Latin
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682:Latin
678:vitis
569:Music
539:Flags
290:Islam
81:Early
63:Italy
5006:Flag
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4369:Alps
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3742:Name
3727:LGBT
3183:TLFi
3169:9.23
3148:ISBN
3129:2014
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920:and
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