225:
continued even though synoecised. The exact sequence of events is not known, whether the populace was given a choice or the synoecised sites were reoccupied. As it is unlikely that all the
Sabines were invited to Rome, where facilities to feed and house them did not yet exist, it seems clear that
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and the citizenship and its rights and protections were specific to the community. No matter where a person lived, at home or abroad, or what his status or class, he was a citizen of the locality in which he was born. The distinguishing
98:; instead, the immediate neighbours of the city were invited or compelled to transfer their populations to the urban structure of Rome, where they took up residence in neighbourhoods and became Romans
192:, or founding. This act removed the sovereignty and independence from the signatory local communities, replacing them with the jurisdiction of a common government. This government was then called the
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Edmondson, J., 2006, "Cities and urban life in the
Western provinces of the Roman Empire, 30BC – 250AD", in Potter, D.S, A Companion to the Roman Empire, Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell, pp. 250–280
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due to the city of Rome. The partial synoecism took the form of a charter granting incorporation into the city of Rome and defining the rights and responsibilities of the citizens. The first
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served in the Roman army, the distinctions were only nominal. In the final stage of development, all citizens of all cities and towns throughout the empire were equally citizens of Rome. The
221:, transferring their populations to the seven hills, where they resided in typically distinct neighbourhoods. And yet, Sabines continued to live in the Sabine Hills and
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began to be used with reference to the city-states of Italy brought into the city-state of Rome but not incorporated into the city. The city of
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was only offered to some. The rest continued on as independent localities under the ultimate governance of Rome. Under the
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the impracticality of transferring numerous large city-states to Rome was manifest. The answer to the problem was the
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in exchange for the privileges and protections of citizenship. Every citizen was a
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the practical considerations of incorporating communities into the
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of these did not become full Roman citizens (although their
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these distinctions began to disappear; for example, when
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could become so after retirement). They were given the
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then simply meant municipality, the lowest level of
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379:, appointed members of the local equivalent to the
112:of Rome forced the Romans to devise the concept of
45:) referred to a town or city. Etymologically, the
418:as a reward for its help in a revolt in AD 40–41.
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486:. University of California Press. pp. 27–.
483:The Roman Empire: Economy, Society, and Culture
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240:. The town would be partially synoecised. The
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198:('public affair'), or in the Greek world the
512:Municipal Administration in the Roman Empire
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73:) were a communal obligation assumed by the
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16:Ancient Roman term for a town or city
182:. Like any ancient city-state, the
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188:was created by an official act of
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285:of the first order held full
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356:was held by four annually
65:of the town. The duties (
452:successfully petitioned
375:powers were held by the
244:would remain but to its
516:, Read Books, 2007, p.8
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387:Examples for grants of
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306:The second order of
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400:in the province of
296:civitas optimo iure
228:population transfer
204:('common affair').
88:The distinction of
507:Frank Frost Abbott
363:, composed of two
270:Two orders of the
547:Roman towns types
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445:) in AD 73 or 74.
423:Emperor Vespasian
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180:self-governance
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134:Pliny the Elder
128:. In the early
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427:Latin rights
404:(modern day
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332:in terms of
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130:Roman Empire
104:. Under the
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21:ancient Rome
18:
322:magistrates
195:res publica
536:Categories
467:References
459:municipium
411:municipium
402:Mauretania
353:municipium
289:and their
259:municipium
237:municipium
223:Alba Longa
210:municipium
185:municipium
175:municipium
153:municipium
139:municipium
115:municipium
110:city-state
48:municipium
31:municipium
542:Roman law
443:Lusitania
425:granted '
398:Volubilis
390:municipia
377:decurions
361:officials
334:liability
318:Residents
309:municipia
282:municipia
273:municipia
207:The term
190:synoecism
121:municipia
91:municipia
76:municipes
58:municipes
42:municipia
431:Hispania
373:Advisory
367:and two
365:duumvirs
330:citizens
328:of full
264:Tusculum
82:municeps
63:citizens
439:Baetica
414:by the
406:Morocco
369:aediles
358:elected
215:Romulus
172:of the
514:(1926)
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381:Senate
326:duties
314:tribal
291:rights
253:munera
247:munera
219:Latium
201:koinon
163:munera
126:colony
101:per se
69:munera
55:among
51:was a
23:, the
338:taxes
27:term
25:Latin
488:ISBN
454:Rome
421:The
340:and
262:was
178:was
159:The
350:in
336:to
37:pl.
19:In
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35:(
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