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Rivers are traditionally believed to be the principal cause of mountain range erosion, by cutting into bedrock and transporting sediment. Computer simulation has shown that as mountain belts change from tectonically active to inactive, the rate of erosion drops because there are fewer abrasive
388:
to the east. This mass of rock was removed as the range was actively undergoing uplift. The removal of such a mass from the core of the range most likely caused further uplift as the region adjusted
433:, are often isolated and formed mainly by processes such as impacts, though there are examples of mountain ranges (or "Montes") somewhat similar to those on Earth.
986:
873:
Egholm, David L.; Knudsen, Mads F.; Sandiford, Mike (2013). "Lifespan of mountain ranges scaled by feedbacks between landslide and erosion by rivers".
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will affect the leeward side of a range. As a consequence, large mountain ranges, such as the Andes, compartmentalize continents into distinct
329:
The position of mountain ranges influences climate, such as rain or snow. When air masses move up and over mountains, the air cools, producing
405:
1018:
Keep, Myra; Hansen, Vicki L. (1994). "Structural history of
Maxwell Montes, Venus: Implications for Venusian mountain belt formation".
80:
is a group of mountain ranges with similarity in form, structure, and alignment that have arisen from the same cause, usually an
84:. Mountain ranges are formed by a variety of geological processes, but most of the significant ones on Earth are the result of
445:, in particular, exhibit large mountain ranges in chains composed mainly of ices rather than rock. Examples include the
1193:
708:
544:
365:. Erosion is at work while the mountains are being uplifted until the mountains are reduced to low hills and plains.
207:. The Andes is 7,000 kilometres (4,350 mi) long and is often considered the world's longest mountain system.
17:
325:, the longest mountain range on the surface of the Earth, have a dramatic impact on the climate of South America
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forms the longest continuous mountain system on Earth, with a length of 65,000 kilometres (40,400 mi).
996:
1319:
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of
Colorado provides an example. As the uplift was occurring some 10,000 feet (3,000 m) of mostly
859:
361:
adjacent to an eroding mountain range are then filled with sediments that are buried and turned into
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precipitation (rain or snow). As the air descends on the leeward side, it warms again (following the
176:
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were removed by erosion over the core of the mountain range and spread as sand and clays across the
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Most geologically young mountain ranges on the Earth's land surface are associated with either the
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on Pluto. Some terrestrial planets other than Earth also exhibit rocky mountain ranges, such as
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305:. If the definition of a mountain range is stretched to include underwater mountains, then the
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754:"Mountain Weather and Climate: A General Overview and a Focus on Climatic Change in the Alps"
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111:. Individual mountains within the same mountain range do not necessarily have the same
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Mitri, Giuseppe; Bland, Michael T.; Showman, Adam P.; Radebaugh, Jani; Stiles, Bryan;
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337:) and is drier, having been stripped of much of its moisture. Often, a
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88:. Mountain ranges are also found on many planetary mass objects in the
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254:. The Himalayas contain the highest mountains in the world, including
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856:"A Guide to the Geology of Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado"
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624:"Plate Tectonics (II): Mountain Building and Continental Geology"
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has mountain ranges formed from tectonic processes including the
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Geographic area containing several geologically related mountains
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1071:"Cerberus Fossae, Elysium, Mars: a source for lava and water"
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739:"The mid-ocean ridge is the longest mountain range on Earth"
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741:. US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Service. 11 Jan 2013.
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119:. They may be a mix of different orogenic expressions and
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Mountain ranges outside these two systems include the
928:; Lunine, Jonathan I.; Pappalardo, Robert T. (2010).
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The Alpide belt stretches 15,000 km across southern
72:arranged in a line and connected by high ground. A
692:
725:"Nepal and China agree on Mount Everest's height"
577:– an elongated mountain or hill, or chain of them
1803:
978:
816:Hilton, Robert G.; West, A. Joshua (June 2020).
930:"Mountains on Titan: Modeling and observations"
258:, which is 8,848 metres (29,029 ft) high.
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987:"New Horizons Discovers Flowing Ices on Pluto"
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406:List of tallest mountains in the Solar System
396:particles in the water and fewer landslides.
353:Mountain ranges are constantly subjected to
159:, the world's longest mountain range (chain)
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695:Furnace of Creation, Cradle of Destruction
357:forces which work to tear them down. The
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818:"Mountains, erosion and the carbon cycle"
699:. AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. p.
660:
99:Mountain ranges are usually segmented by
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680:. Pearson Education India. p. A-36.
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171:. The Pacific Ring of Fire includes the
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36:
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14:
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822:Nature Reviews Earth & Environment
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175:of South America, extends through the
1182:
678:The Pearson General Knowledge Manual
661:Rosenberg, Matt (22 December 2018).
139:landforms resulting in a variety of
429:of the Solar System, including the
392:in response to the removed weight.
24:
25:
1828:
1162:
545:Category:Lists of mountain ranges
92:and are likely a feature of most
985:Gipson, Lillian (24 July 2015).
622:Hammond, Allen L. (1971-07-09).
603:. Hudson Institute of Mineralogy
513:
499:
1122:Journal of Geophysical Research
1020:Journal of Geophysical Research
934:Journal of Geophysical Research
866:
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752:Beniston, Martin (2006-06-01).
597:"Definition of mountain system"
425:Mountains on other planets and
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421:was formed by an impact event.
230:, including the ranges of the
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469:taller than any on Earth and
640:10.1126/science.173.3992.133
7:
1169:Peakbagger Ranges Home Page
492:
30:For financial options, see
10:
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1118:"Orogenic tectonism on Io"
792:"Orographic precipitation"
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834:10.1038/s43017-020-0058-6
770:10.1007/s10750-005-1802-0
400:Extraterrestrial "Montes"
177:North American Cordillera
32:Mountain range (options)
796:Encyclopedia Britannica
540:List of mountain ranges
1116:Jaeger, W. L. (2003).
1069:Plescia, J.B. (2003).
858:. USGS. Archived from
676:Thorpe, Edgar (2012).
550:List of mountain types
485:, Dorian, Hi'iaka and
422:
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160:
53:
49:as seen from space by
691:Chester, Roy (2008).
507:Earth sciences portal
413:
404:Further information:
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1790:Geographical feature
1626:Volcanic crater lake
1143:10.1029/2002JE001946
955:10.1029/2010JE003592
727:. BBC. 8 April 2010.
335:adiabatic lapse rate
271:Great Dividing Range
165:Pacific Ring of Fire
1134:2003JGRE..108.5093J
1087:2003Icar..164...79P
1032:1994JGR....9926015K
946:2010JGRE..11510002M
926:Lopes, Rosaly M. C.
895:10.1038/nature12218
887:2013Natur.498..475E
185:Kamchatka Peninsula
94:terrestrial planets
45:, east part of the
1128:(E8): 12–1–12–18.
570:Mountain formation
555:Lists of mountains
521:Environment portal
427:natural satellites
423:
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113:geologic structure
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43:Namcha Barwa Himal
1799:
1798:
1710:Artificial island
1616:Submarine volcano
1525:Continental shelf
1492:coastal landforms
1288:Continental plain
1223:List of landforms
1040:10.1029/94JE02636
881:(7455): 475–478.
634:(3992): 133–134.
477:. Jupiter's moon
263:Arctic Cordillera
224:Iberian Peninsula
16:(Redirected from
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1641:Volcanic plateau
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129:uplifted blocks
105:mountain passes
86:plate tectonics
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303:Annamite Range
275:East Siberians
228:Western Europe
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380:sedimentary
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267:Appalachians
260:
218:in Maritime
209:
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147:Major ranges
98:
90:Solar System
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1490:Oceanic and
1230:Mountainous
1174:Bivouac.com
764:(1): 3–16.
339:rain shadow
307:Ocean Ridge
205:New Zealand
197:Philippines
169:Alpide belt
157:Ocean Ridge
1806:Categories
1788:See also:
1703:Artificial
1611:Lava field
1530:Coral reef
1358:Floodplain
801:23 January
601:Mindat.org
583:References
530:Cordillera
368:The early
331:orographic
301:, and the
250:, and the
240:Hindu Kush
141:rock types
62:hill range
1812:Mountains
1765:Reservoir
1656:Wall rock
1606:Lava dome
1565:Peninsula
1475:Ice field
1432:Waterfall
1295:Ice sheet
1274:Tableland
1214:landforms
1152:0148-0227
1103:0019-1035
1048:0148-0227
964:0148-0227
842:2662-138X
778:1573-5117
648:0036-8075
607:26 August
451:Doom Mons
355:erosional
299:Byrrangas
236:Karakoram
232:Himalayas
117:petrology
101:highlands
66:mountains
47:Himalayas
1725:Building
1689:Sandhill
1679:Dry lake
1584:Volcanic
1570:Seamount
1252:Mountain
1056:53311663
972:12655950
903:23803847
493:See also
483:Boösaule
437:'s moon
378:Mesozoic
370:Cenozoic
295:Vindhyas
248:Caucasus
137:volcanic
121:terranes
51:Apollo 9
1666:Aeolian
1651:Volcano
1591:Caldera
1545:Isthmus
1535:Estuary
1515:Channel
1470:Glacier
1442:Glacial
1380:Meander
1348:Channel
1320:Fluvial
1264:Plateau
1130:Bibcode
1083:Bibcode
1028:Bibcode
1003:25 July
942:Bibcode
911:4304803
883:Bibcode
628:Science
417:on the
349:Erosion
313:Climate
287:Qinling
222:to the
214:, from
212:Eurasia
167:or the
109:valleys
82:orogeny
1775:Tunnel
1760:Quarry
1755:Polder
1720:Bridge
1694:Tundra
1674:Desert
1596:Geyser
1550:Lagoon
1540:Island
1455:Cirque
1427:Valley
1417:Strait
1395:Rapids
1368:island
1338:Canyon
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1305:Steppe
1279:Valley
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560:Massif
435:Saturn
382:strata
359:basins
279:Altais
244:Alborz
195:, the
193:Taiwan
179:, the
1750:Levee
1740:Ditch
1730:Canal
1601:Guyot
1520:Coast
1500:Atoll
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1450:Arête
1422:Swamp
1410:mouth
1405:delta
1400:River
1385:Oasis
1375:Levee
1353:Cliff
1333:Beach
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1269:Ridge
1257:range
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1210:Earth
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575:Ridge
467:Venus
443:Pluto
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323:Andes
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960:ISSN
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838:ISSN
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774:ISSN
705:ISBN
644:ISSN
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475:Mars
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441:and
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