202:
237:
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40:
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Indonesia, Indonesisch, and
Indonesia (Indonesia, Indonesian, and Indonesians). Although this received majority support in the Volksraad, the Dutch government vetoed the motion. After his request, the colonial government kept him under surveillance. By 1940, his proposal for the use of the term Indonesian had begun to receive consideration, much to Thamrin's perplexity.
271:
Thamrin put forward several motions, including one to remove the power of the governor-general to exile political enemies of the state. He realized that cooperating with the colonial regime offered a different way to oppose it, and he took full advantage of his immunity to prosecution conferred by
292:
asking the Dutch to convene a conference to discuss autonomy for the Dutch East Indies. Although
Thamrin did not sign the petition, as he took the view that its provisions would continue the exploitation of Indonesians, he was one of six National Fraction members who voted for it in the Volksraad
296:
After the death of Dr. Soetomo in 1938, Thamrin became deputy chair of
Parindra. In a meeting of the Volksraad in 1939, Thamrin proposed that the Dutch terms Nederlands Indie, Nederlands Indisch, and Inlander (Dutch Indies, Dutch Indian, and Dutch Indians) be replaced with the nationalist terms
276:
to look into working conditions at plantations there. Disgusted by what they found, upon his return
Thamrin gave a speech condemning the plantation owners. He criticised the legalised gambling and corporal punishment handed down for minor offences. In 1935 he was a founding member of the
180:, on 16 February 1894. His father, Thamrin Mohd. Tabri, was the son by his Indonesian mistress of an English businessman who owned the Hotel Ort in Batavia. Tabri was subsequently adopted and raised by his Javanese uncle. Thamrin was therefore born into a neo-
268:), which wanted to maintain Dutch control over the East Indies in perpetuity. The aim of the faction was Indonesian autonomy, which was to be achieved through political reforms. The faction would use "all legal means" to achieve this goal.
989:
310:, or GAPI). The group had four main goals: Indonesian self-determination, national unity, a democratically elected party answering to the Indonesian people, and solidarity between Indonesians and the Dutch to combat fascism.
326:, he died of a heart attack five days after his arrest. Large numbers of people attended his funeral, including the president of the Volksraad, who led a group of its members. Thamrin was buried in
996:
272:
his membership of the
Volksraad. As a result, he was widely despised, but also feared, by Dutch conservatives. As Volksraad members, Thamrin and Kusumom Utoyo went to eastern
907:
2453:
798:
1272:
2473:
2131:
982:
318:
On 6 January 1941, Thamrin's house was searched by the
Political Intelligence Service (PID) as he had come under suspicion for supplying information to the
874:
2448:
293:
debate on 26 September because the proposed conference could result in
Indonesian autonomy. Two years later, the Dutch parliament rejected the petition.
714:
2347:
2111:
2443:
194:. After graduating from Koning Willem III Gymnasium, Thamrin took several government jobs before working for ten years for the shipping company
2096:
2458:
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2463:
2177:
209:
In 1919, Thamrin was elected a member of the
Jakarta City Council, and in 1929, became second deputy mayor. In 1927 he was appointed by
1265:
923:
Sluimers, Laszlø (September 1998). "Reviewed Work(s): M. H. Thamrin and His Quest for
Indonesian Nationhood, 1917-1941 by Bob Hering".
225:
221:
210:
818:
779:
391:, Central Jakarta, is now a museum dedicated to his life. Two statues of Thamrin have been erected in Jakarta: a bust near the
899:
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768:
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1405:
1113:
236:
129:
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802:
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801:[Muhammad Husni Thamrin Building / Kenari Building] (in Indonesian). Jakarta City Government. Archived from
322:; he had previously maintained warm relations with Japanese residents of the Indies. Already suffering from severe
201:
301:
244:
On 27 January 1930, Thamrin made a speech in the
Volksraad announcing the formation of the Nationalist Fraction (
213:
974:
882:
300:
In May 1939, Thamrin spearheaded an effort to unite eight nationalist organisations, including Parindra, in the
1621:
1057:
1052:
931:(2). Cambridge University Press on behalf of Department of History, National University of Singapore: 422–426.
1731:
1007:
412:
located in Jalan M.H. Thamrin, is also named after him. The station, which will be a transit station between
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under one flag. This was partly in response to the December 1929 arrests of Indonesian nationalist
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political thinker and Indonesian nationalist who advocated for the independence of the
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He is also depicted in the 2016 and 2022 series of the 2,000 Indonesian rupiah
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2018:
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Regents, Reformers and Revolutionaries: Indonesian Voices of Colonial Days
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Mohammad Husni Thamrin Indonesian nationalist and political thinker 1941
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1900:
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1315:
1098:
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969:. Asian Studies at Hawaii. Vol. 2. The University Press of Hawaii.
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780:"Hero's Day, Anies Makes A Tradition Of MH Thamrin's Tomb Pilgrimage"
352:
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379:, and Mohammad Husni Thamrin School for the Gifted, a school in
1864:
1746:
1535:
629:
357:
288:, who was not a member of the National Fraction, put forward a
159:
2141:
392:
388:
82:
593:
435:
433:
262:
and partly to counteract the reactionary Fatherlands Club (
497:
360:
banknote featuring Mohammad Husni Thamrin, issued in 2022
881:(in Indonesian). Jakarta City Government. Archived from
873:
825:(in Indonesian). Jakarta City Government. Archived from
545:
521:
491:
430:
947:
Jejak-Jejak Pahlawan: Perekat Kesatuan Bangsa Indonesia
617:
557:
395:
and a full-body statue in front of the Thamrin Museum.
384:
371:
Thamrin has several objects named after him, including
817:
797:
671:
659:
581:
462:
452:
450:
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and East–West Line, is currently under construction.
184:
class and in 1906, his father became district head (
152:. After his death, he was regarded as an Indonesian
605:
569:
533:
509:
445:
387:of more than 120. His old home on Kenari Street in
900:"Prestigious high school for gifted kids to open"
2454:Indonesian politicians of Middle Eastern descent
2410:
1280:
777:
687:
635:
599:
305:
245:
220:. He was appointed again in 1931 and elected in
185:
140:(16 February 1894 – 11 January 1941) was a
799:"Gedung Muhammad Husni Thamrin / Gedung Kenari"
698:] (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Kawan Pustaka.
19:"Thamrin" redirects here. For other uses, see
1266:
990:
2474:Members of the Volksraad (Dutch East Indies)
160:Early life and beginning of political career
943:
712:
551:
527:
439:
263:
2449:Indonesian politicians of European descent
1273:
1259:
997:
983:
38:
763:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
922:
623:
563:
468:
351:
341:
235:
200:
848:Nationalism and Revolution in Indonesia
688:Ajisaka, Arya; Damayanti, Dewi (2010).
231:
2444:People from Batavia, Dutch East Indies
2411:
964:
760:The Idea of Indonesia : a History
648:Sabarini 2009, Prestigious high school
539:
515:
503:
456:
1254:
978:
841:
778:Diah Ayu Wardani (10 November 2021).
756:
611:
587:
575:
2459:Indonesian people of English descent
1406:Ignatius Joseph Kasimo Hendrowahyono
1114:Ignatius Joseph Kasimo Hendrowahyono
851:. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
2469:Indonesian people of Yemeni descent
910:from the original on 19 August 2009
898:Sabarini, Prodita (14 March 2009).
313:
196:Koninklijke Paketvaart-Maatschappij
13:
2464:Indonesian people of Dutch descent
925:Journal of Southeast Asian Studies
14:
2485:
821:[Husni Thamrin, Statue].
713:Abeyasekere, Susan (April 1973).
279:Great Indonesia Party (Parindra)
2142:Haji Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah
1203:Ethnic Arab and Chinese members
302:Indonesian Political Federation
284:In July 1936, Volksraad member
150:Dutch colony in the East Indies
1058:Cornelia Razoux Schultz-Metzer
1053:Jacob Christiaan Koningsberger
1:
757:Elson, Robert Edward (2008).
419:
2439:National Heroes of Indonesia
1561:Sutan Mohammad Amin Nasution
1282:National Heroes of Indonesia
636:Ajisaka & Damayanti 2010
492:JCG, Mohammad Hoesni Thamrin
307:Gaboengan Politiek Indonesia
192:Johan Cornelis van der Wijck
85:, Batavia, Dutch East Indies
7:
2293:Machmud Singgirei Rumagesan
1184:Tjokorda Gde Raka Soekawati
1033:Karel Albert Rudolf Bosscha
944:Soedarmanto, J. B. (2007).
691:Mengenal Pahlawan Indonesia
205:Family of MH Thamrin (1912)
10:
2490:
2373:Syech Yusuf Tajul Khalwati
2081:Wilhelmus Zakaria Johannes
672:JCG, Husni Thamrin, Patung
660:JCG, Gedung Muhammad Husni
366:National Hero of Indonesia
130:National Hero of Indonesia
18:
2278:I Gusti Ngurah Made Agung
2170:
2089:
2063:
2032:
1991:
1950:
1924:
1888:
1857:
1796:
1780:
1632:Andi Abdullah Bau Massepe
1609:
1441:Lambertus Nicodemus Palar
1326:Alexander Andries Maramis
1288:
1202:
1164:Soetardjo Kartohadikusumo
1071:
1020:
965:Wilson, Greta O. (1978).
937:10.1017/S0022463400007670
875:"Mohammad Hoesni Thamrin"
696:Knowing Indonesian Heroes
337:
286:Soetardjo Kartohadikusumo
260:Indonesian National Party
190:) under Governor General
125:
117:
109:
101:
90:
71:
49:
37:
30:
2313:Martha Christina Tiahahu
2303:Mahmud Shah III of Johor
1978:Ki Sarmidi Mangunsarkoro
1824:Donald Izacus Pandjaitan
1732:Soekanto Tjokrodiatmodjo
1591:Oemar Said Tjokroaminoto
1571:Sjafruddin Prawiranegara
1401:Ida Anak Agung Gde Agung
1210:Abdullah bin Alwi Alatas
1139:Oemar Said Tjokroaminoto
715:"The Soetardjo Petition"
21:Thamrin (disambiguation)
2318:Nuku Muhammad Amiruddin
2127:Albertus Soegijapranata
2004:Johannes Abraham Dimara
1767:Robert Wolter Mongisidi
1336:Andi Sultan Daeng Radja
879:Encyclopedia of Jakarta
823:Encyclopedia of Jakarta
819:"Husni Thamrin, Patung"
364:Thamrin was declared a
252:Indonesian nationalists
2273:I Gusti Ketut Jelantik
2248:Raja Haji Fisabilillah
1880:Wahidin Soedirohoesodo
1875:Tjipto Mangoenkoesoemo
1814:Mas Tirtodarmo Haryono
1707:Muhammad Mangundiprojo
1496:Rajiman Wediodiningrat
1461:Mohammad Husni Thamrin
1376:Ferdinand Lumbantobing
1301:Abdul Halim Majalengka
1149:Rajiman Wediodiningrat
1129:Mohammad Husni Thamrin
1119:Mangaradja Soangkoepon
1104:Bernard Wilhelm Lapian
843:Kahin, George McTurnan
361:
349:
306:
264:
246:
241:
206:
186:
138:Mohammad Husni Thamrin
32:Mohammad Husni Thamrin
2102:Abdul Wahab Hasbullah
1983:Maria Walanda Maramis
1937:Wage Rudolf Supratman
1839:Sugiyono Mangunwiyoto
1416:Iwa Koesoemasoemantri
1366:Djoeanda Kartawidjaja
1296:Abdoel Kahar Moezakir
1194:Wiwoho Purbohadidjojo
1094:Achmad Djajadiningrat
950:. Jakarta: Grasindo.
600:Diah Ayu Wardani 2021
506:, pp. 87–88, 96.
383:for students with an
355:
345:
239:
204:
16:Indonesian politician
2368:Sisingamangaraja XII
2298:Mahmud Badaruddin II
2228:Teungku Chik di Tiro
2122:As'ad Syamsul Arifin
2014:Pajonga Daeng Ngalie
1617:Abdul Haris Nasution
1581:Teuku Muhammad Hasan
1531:Sukarjo Wiryopranoto
1486:Oto Iskandar di Nata
1446:Maskoen Soemadiredja
1371:Ernest Douwes Dekker
1306:Abdurrahman Baswedan
1169:Sukarjo Wiryopranoto
1144:Oto Iskandar di Nata
375:, a thoroughfare in
328:Karet Bivak Cemetery
232:Nationalist activism
164:Thamrin was born in
95:Karet Bivak Cemetery
2358:Ranggong Daeng Romo
2132:Bagoes Hadikoesoemo
1849:Sutoyo Siswomiharjo
1819:Katamso Darmokusumo
1809:Karel Satsuit Tubun
1657:Halim Perdanakusuma
1431:Kasman Singodimedjo
1411:I Gusti Ketut Pudja
1381:Gatot Mangkoepradja
1341:Arie Frederik Lasut
805:on 11 November 2012
406:Thamrin MRT station
258:and members of his
44:Portrait of Thamrin
2263:Tuanku Imam Bonjol
1973:Ki Hajar Dewantara
1747:Sutomo (Bung Tomo)
1677:I Gusti Ngurah Rai
1622:Abdul Rahman Saleh
1109:Cipto Mangunkusumo
1072:Indonesian members
373:Jalan M.H. Thamrin
362:
350:
347:Jalan M.H. Thamrin
265:Vaderlandsche Club
242:
207:
2406:
2405:
2162:Nyai Ahmad Dahlan
2055:Tirto Adhi Soerjo
1722:Oerip Soemohardjo
1692:R. E. Martadinata
1386:Hamengkubuwono IX
1248:
1247:
1189:Wiranatakusumah V
1043:Hubertus van Mook
1013:Dutch East Indies
957:978-979-759-716-0
770:978-0-521-87648-3
705:978-979-757-430-7
590:, pp. 96–97.
393:National Monument
178:Dutch East Indies
135:
134:
118:Years active
65:Dutch East Indies
2481:
2388:Thaha Syaifuddin
2323:Nyi Ageng Serang
2253:Hamengkubuwono I
2198:Andi Mappanyukki
2045:Mohammad Tabrani
1757:T. B. Simatupang
1481:Opu Daeng Risaju
1426:Johannes Leimena
1351:Bagindo Azizchan
1321:Adnan Kapau Gani
1311:Achmad Soebardjo
1275:
1268:
1261:
1252:
1251:
1124:Mangkunegara VII
1028:Paul Alex Blaauw
1021:European members
999:
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985:
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919:
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904:The Jakarta Post
894:
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829:on 12 April 2012
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414:North–South Line
314:Arrest and death
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53:16 February 1894
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2378:Tuanku Tambusai
2363:Ratu Kalinyamat
2288:La Maddukelleng
2238:Cut Nyak Meutia
2223:Bataha Santiago
2218:Sultan Babullah
2208:Prince Antasari
2203:Aria Wangsakara
2188:Ageng Tirtayasa
2166:
2085:
2059:
2028:
2024:Syarif Kasim II
1987:
1963:Herman Johannes
1946:
1920:
1884:
1853:
1834:Siswondo Parman
1797:Revolutionaries
1792:
1776:
1605:
1586:Teuku Nyak Arif
1466:Mohammad Natsir
1421:Izaak Huru Doko
1346:Arnold Mononutu
1284:
1279:
1249:
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1215:Han Tiauw Tjong
1198:
1179:Teuku Nyak Arif
1067:
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1005:Members of the
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377:Central Jakarta
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332:Central Jakarta
320:Empire of Japan
316:
250:) to unite ten
247:Fraksi Nasional
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75:11 January 1941
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2350:
2348:Raden Mattaher
2345:
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2308:Mangkunegara I
2305:
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2233:Cut Nyak Dhien
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2159:
2154:
2149:
2147:Hasyim Asy'ari
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2112:Ahmad Hanafiah
2109:
2104:
2099:
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2036:
2034:
2030:
2029:
2027:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1999:Frans Kaisiepo
1995:
1993:
1989:
1988:
1986:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1954:
1952:
1948:
1947:
1945:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1932:Ismail Marzuki
1928:
1926:
1922:
1921:
1919:
1918:
1913:
1911:Mohammad Yamin
1908:
1903:
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1872:
1867:
1861:
1859:
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1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1829:Pierre Tendean
1826:
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1811:
1806:
1800:
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1791:
1790:
1784:
1782:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1712:Muhammad Yasin
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1652:Gatot Soebroto
1649:
1644:
1642:Djamin Ginting
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1613:
1611:
1607:
1606:
1604:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1476:Nani Wartabone
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1456:Mohammad Hatta
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1436:Kusumah Atmaja
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1292:
1290:
1286:
1285:
1278:
1277:
1270:
1263:
1255:
1246:
1245:
1243:
1242:
1240:Phoa Liong Gie
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1206:
1204:
1200:
1199:
1197:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1174:Tadjuddin Noor
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1134:Mohammad Yamin
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1075:
1073:
1069:
1068:
1066:
1065:
1063:Karel Zaalberg
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1024:
1022:
1018:
1017:
1002:
1001:
994:
987:
979:
972:
971:
962:
956:
941:
920:
895:
885:on 8 June 2012
871:
857:
839:
815:
795:
775:
769:
754:
728:(15): 81–107.
710:
704:
684:
683:
682:
677:
676:
664:
652:
640:
638:, p. 132.
628:
626:, p. 425.
616:
604:
592:
580:
568:
566:, p. 424.
556:
544:
532:
520:
508:
496:
473:
471:, p. 422.
461:
444:
428:
427:
426:
421:
418:
339:
336:
315:
312:
233:
230:
161:
158:
133:
132:
127:
123:
122:
119:
115:
114:
111:
107:
106:
103:
99:
98:
92:
88:
87:
81:
79:(aged 46)
73:
69:
68:
55:
51:
47:
46:
43:
35:
34:
31:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2486:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2429:Betawi people
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2328:Pakubuwono VI
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2268:Iskandar Muda
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2183:Achmad Rifa'i
2181:
2179:
2176:
2175:
2173:
2169:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2088:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2076:Siti Hartinah
2074:
2072:
2069:
2068:
2066:
2062:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2050:Ruhana Kuddus
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2037:
2035:
2031:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2009:Marthen Indey
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1990:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1955:
1953:
1949:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1923:
1917:
1916:Raja Ali Haji
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1893:
1891:
1887:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1856:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1801:
1799:
1795:
1789:
1786:
1785:
1783:
1779:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1762:Usman Janatin
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1727:Slamet Rijadi
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1687:Keumalahayati
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1647:Djatikoesoemo
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1637:Basuki Rahmat
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1614:
1612:
1608:
1602:
1601:Zainul Arifin
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1566:Sutan Sjahrir
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1556:Soerjopranoto
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1511:Sam Ratulangi
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1293:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1276:
1271:
1269:
1264:
1262:
1257:
1256:
1253:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1225:Ko Kwat Tiong
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1207:
1205:
1201:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1154:Sam Ratulangi
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1074:
1070:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1025:
1023:
1019:
1014:
1010:
1009:
1000:
995:
993:
988:
986:
981:
980:
977:
968:
963:
959:
953:
949:
948:
942:
938:
934:
930:
926:
921:
909:
905:
901:
896:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
858:9780877277347
854:
850:
849:
844:
840:
828:
824:
820:
816:
804:
800:
796:
785:
781:
776:
772:
766:
762:
761:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
716:
711:
707:
701:
697:
693:
692:
686:
685:
680:
679:
673:
668:
661:
656:
649:
644:
637:
632:
625:
624:Sluimers 1998
620:
614:, p. 63.
613:
608:
601:
596:
589:
584:
578:, p. 92.
577:
572:
565:
564:Sluimers 1998
560:
554:, p. 92.
553:
548:
542:, p. 99.
541:
536:
530:, p. 13.
529:
524:
518:, p. 85.
517:
512:
505:
500:
493:
488:
486:
484:
482:
480:
478:
470:
469:Sluimers 1998
465:
459:, p. 81.
458:
453:
451:
449:
442:, p. 14.
441:
436:
434:
429:
424:
423:
417:
415:
411:
407:
403:
401:
396:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
369:
367:
359:
354:
348:
344:
335:
333:
329:
325:
321:
311:
308:
303:
298:
294:
291:
287:
282:
280:
275:
269:
266:
261:
257:
253:
248:
238:
229:
227:
223:
219:
215:
212:
203:
199:
197:
193:
188:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
157:
155:
154:National Hero
151:
147:
143:
139:
131:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
93:
91:Resting place
89:
84:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
52:
48:
41:
36:
29:
26:
22:
2333:Pakubuwono X
2283:Kiras Bangun
2213:Sultan Agung
2117:Ahmad Sanusi
2107:Ahmad Dahlan
2097:Abdul Chalim
2040:Ilyas Yakoub
2019:Silas Papare
1958:Dewi Sartika
1942:Usmar Ismail
1896:Abdoel Moeis
1781:Independence
1662:Harun Thohir
1596:Wahid Hasyim
1460:
1396:Idham Chalid
1361:Tjilik Riwut
1230:Khouw Kim An
1220:Hok Hoei Kan
1128:
1089:Abdul Rasjid
1079:Abdoel Rivai
1038:Dick de Hoog
1006:
966:
946:
928:
924:
912:. Retrieved
903:
887:. Retrieved
883:the original
878:
847:
831:. Retrieved
827:the original
822:
807:. Retrieved
803:the original
787:. Retrieved
783:
759:
725:
721:
695:
690:
681:Bibliography
667:
655:
643:
631:
619:
607:
595:
583:
571:
559:
547:
535:
523:
511:
499:
464:
404:
397:
381:East Jakarta
370:
363:
317:
299:
295:
283:
270:
243:
208:
172:(modern-day
163:
137:
136:
77:(1941-01-11)
25:
2434:Indo people
2424:1941 deaths
2419:1894 births
2178:Abdul Kadir
2157:Mas Mansoer
2152:Lafran Pane
2064:Development
1992:Integration
1906:Amir Hamzah
1870:Dr. Soetomo
1772:Yos Sudarso
1667:Hasan Basry
1551:Ario Soerjo
1501:Rasuna Said
1356:B.W. Lapian
1331:Andi Djemma
1235:Loa Sek Hie
1048:Jan Jonkman
1015:(1918–1942)
540:Wilson 1978
516:Wilson 1978
504:Wilson 1978
457:Wilson 1978
410:Jakarta MRT
166:Weltevreden
102:Nationality
57:Weltevreden
2413:Categories
2383:Teuku Umar
2258:Hasanuddin
2243:Diponegoro
2137:Fakhruddin
1901:Agus Salim
1858:Resistance
1804:Ahmad Yani
1627:Adisucipto
1576:Tan Malaka
1491:P. M. Noor
1316:Adam Malik
1099:Agus Salim
1084:Abdul Muis
612:Elson 2008
588:Kahin 1952
576:Elson 2008
420:References
113:Politician
110:Occupation
105:Indonesian
2343:Pong Tiku
2338:Pattimura
2193:Andi Depu
1951:Education
1788:Fatmawati
1742:Supriyadi
1717:Noer Alie
1697:Mas Isman
1672:Iswahyudi
1516:Samanhudi
1289:Political
1008:Volksraad
742:0019-7289
722:Indonesia
425:Footnotes
400:banknotes
368:in 1964.
218:Volksraad
214:de Graeff
121:1919–1940
97:, Jakarta
2171:Struggle
2090:Religion
1889:Literary
1844:Suprapto
1737:Sudirman
1702:Moestopo
1682:John Lie
1610:Military
1521:Soekarni
1506:Sahardjo
1471:Moewardi
1391:Hazairin
914:17 April
908:Archived
889:17 April
845:(1952).
833:17 April
809:17 April
324:diabetes
290:petition
142:Eurasian
2071:Suharso
1968:Kartini
1752:Syam'un
1546:Soeroso
1541:Soepomo
1526:Sukarno
1451:Masjkur
1159:Soeroso
1011:of the
750:3350793
274:Sumatra
256:Sukarno
216:to the
182:priyayi
174:Jakarta
170:Batavia
61:Batavia
1865:Alimin
1536:Supeno
954:
867:406170
865:
855:
784:voi.id
767:
748:
740:
702:
358:rupiah
356:2,000
338:Legacy
187:wedana
146:Betawi
126:Awards
2033:Press
789:8 May
746:JSTOR
718:(PDF)
694:[
389:Senen
83:Senen
952:ISBN
916:2012
891:2012
863:OCLC
853:ISBN
835:2012
811:2012
791:2022
765:ISBN
738:ISSN
700:ISBN
226:1939
224:and
222:1935
72:Died
50:Born
1925:Art
933:doi
730:doi
176:),
2415::
929:29
927:.
906:.
902:.
877:.
861:.
782:.
744:.
736:.
726:15
724:.
720:.
476:^
447:^
432:^
402:.
385:IQ
334:.
330:,
281:.
228:.
198:.
168:,
156:.
63:,
59:,
1274:e
1267:t
1260:v
998:e
991:t
984:v
960:.
939:.
935::
918:.
893:.
869:.
837:.
813:.
793:.
773:.
752:.
732::
708:.
674:.
662:.
650:.
602:.
494:.
304:(
144:-
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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