376:
1713:
877:
293:
456:
disbanded tribal courts and governmental institutions to assimilate Native people into mainstream
American society and prepare Indian Territory for statehood, but the tribe created their own court system in 1900. The Missouria were primarily farmers in the early 20th century. After oil was discovered
343:
rivers, where they settled through the 18th century. Later, their oral history says that they split from the Otoe tribe, which belongs to the same
Chiwere branch of the Siouan language, because of a love affair between the children of two tribal chiefs.
449:, by 1907 members of the tribes were registered and allotted individual plots of land per household. The U.S. declared any excess communal land of the tribe as "surplus" and sold it to European-American settlers. The tribe merged with the Otoe tribe.
1302:
1434:
465:
Today, Missouri are part of the Otoe-Missouria Tribe of
Indians. They hold the Otoe-Missouria encampment each July and host social dances and ceremonies at the Otoe-Missouria Cultural Center in Red Rock, Oklahoma.
1577:
1637:
1607:
1556:
1419:
1383:
1312:
1546:
1307:
1701:
1647:
1642:
1536:
1531:
1297:
1511:
749:
1668:
1622:
1317:
1602:
410:
In 1730, an attack by the Sauk/Fox tribe nearly destroyed the
Missouria, killing hundreds. Most survivors reunited with the Otoe, while some joined the Osage and
399:
visited the people in the early 1720s. He married the daughter of a
Missouria chief. They settled nearby, and Veniard created alliances with the people. He built
422:
They signed treaties with the US government in 1830 and 1854 to cede their lands in
Missouri. They relocated to the Otoe-Missouria reservation, created on the
865:
1337:
1282:
971:
1679:
437:. The Quakers negotiated a small separate reservation in Indian Territory. By 1890, most of the Coyote band rejoined the Quakers on their reservation.
1652:
843:
1694:
1627:
1617:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1409:
1368:
1347:
1541:
605:
478:, the population of the tribe was about 200 families in 1702; 1000 people in 1780; 300 in 1805; 80 in 1829, when they were living with the
2112:
2107:
1687:
1717:
858:
1916:
828:
801:
774:
396:
697:
851:
642:
430:
170:
1709:
502:
1936:
741:
1856:
1729:
1516:
1414:
1876:
881:
873:
1801:
1746:
1741:
1439:
1083:
916:
659:
1491:
1460:
1521:
233:
1404:
729:
256:, which translates as "One who has dugout canoes". In their own Siouan language, the Missouri call themselves
2117:
2011:
1526:
1251:
1246:
429:
In 1880, the tribes split into two factions, the Coyote, who were traditionalists, and the
Quakers, who were
1078:
2102:
1891:
1766:
1551:
966:
355:
frequently attacked them. Their society was even more disrupted by the high fatalities from epidemics of
137:
544:
426:
at the Kansas-Nebraska border. The US pressured the two tribes into ceding more lands in 1876 and 1881.
1826:
1776:
1139:
297:
723:
414:. After a smallpox outbreak in 1829, fewer than 100 Missouria survived, and they all joined the Otoe.
1796:
1781:
1215:
1164:
2041:
1906:
1896:
1861:
1287:
1149:
1055:
2097:
1836:
1050:
956:
423:
217:
1811:
1806:
1612:
1592:
1572:
528:
336:
205:
88:
1429:
1205:
1060:
482:; and 13 in 1910. Since then, their population numbers are combined with those of the Otoe.
1821:
1470:
1266:
1210:
1195:
1002:
820:
457:
on their lands in 1912, the U.S. government forced many of the tribe off their allotments.
301:
229:
793:
766:
704:
177:
region of what is now the United States before
European contact. The tribe belongs to the
8:
2046:
1582:
404:
1996:
1976:
1886:
1261:
1179:
1129:
1027:
997:
360:
237:
204:
Throughout the 17th and 18th centuries, the tribe lived in bands near the mouth of the
375:
2021:
2006:
1991:
1971:
1966:
1632:
1597:
1587:
1363:
1045:
1040:
1035:
936:
665:
655:
638:
364:
249:
213:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2001:
1986:
1981:
1951:
1946:
1926:
1771:
1220:
1174:
1134:
1124:
1114:
434:
190:
182:
132:
72:
68:
683:
569:
335:
The beginning of the 17th century, the
Missouria lived near the confluence of the
2056:
2036:
1961:
1846:
1791:
1761:
1465:
1256:
1230:
1200:
1109:
1099:
506:
499:
710:
2076:
2031:
2026:
1956:
1921:
1399:
1119:
1012:
906:
392:
340:
308:
221:
209:
2091:
1901:
1871:
1866:
1751:
1444:
1373:
1159:
951:
722:
669:
606:"BODMER, Karl (1809-1893) Oto Indian / Missouri Indian / Chief of the Puncas"
532:
Oklahoma
Historical Society's Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History & Culture.
379:
Mahinkacha ('Maker of Knives'), a Missouria warrior on the left, painting by
2016:
1851:
1841:
1506:
1501:
1225:
1017:
1007:
941:
893:
475:
400:
388:
265:
84:
1496:
1292:
1144:
961:
946:
411:
380:
367:
contacted the tribe in 1673 and paved the way for trade with the French.
352:
348:
320:
312:
194:
174:
104:
703:
1816:
1486:
1342:
1169:
742:"The Tribes of Missouri Part 1: When the Osage & Missouria Reigned"
479:
453:
100:
279:
The state of Missouri and the Missouri River are named for the tribe.
1154:
446:
1786:
1721:
1712:
926:
911:
885:
876:
652:
The people of the river's mouth: in search of the Missouria Indians
356:
316:
225:
186:
108:
55:
51:
1911:
1104:
901:
686:, Access Genealogy, extracts for Missouria from John R. Swanton,
292:
178:
2051:
1881:
273:
709:
1831:
1756:
1424:
1378:
981:
976:
921:
635:
A Native American Encyclopedia: History, Culture, and Peoples
391:
territory. During this time, they acquired horses and hunted
363:
that accompanied contact with Europeans. The French explorer
324:
315:, where they were part of a larger tribe that included the
198:
347:
The 17th century brought hardships to the Missouria. The
387:
The Missouria migrated west of the Missouri River into
212:, the mouth of the Missouri at its confluence with the
972:
Sac and Fox Nation of Missouri in Kansas and Nebraska
694:
Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, 1953.
1435:
Pawnee Mission and Burnt Village Archeological Site
500:
Oklahoma Indian Nations Pocket Pictorial Directory.
767:"The Tribes of Missouri Part 2: Things Fall Apart"
327:. They began migrating south in the 16th century.
2089:
433:. The Coyote settled on the Iowa Reservation in
724:"Missouri. A small tribe of Siouan stock"
654:. Columbia, Mo.: University of Missouri Press.
208:and Missouri rivers at its confluence with the
1695:
1410:Dr. Susan LaFlesche Picotte Memorial Hospital
859:
794:"The Tribes of Missouri Part 3: Homecoming"
403:in 1723 as a trading post near present-day
264:, meaning "People of the River Mouth." The
1702:
1688:
866:
852:
818:
791:
764:
739:
637:. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.
573:Access Genealogy: Indian Tribal Records.
374:
311:tells that they once lived north of the
291:
1669:Native American place names in Nebraska
248:French colonists adapted a form of the
2090:
649:
591:
589:
587:
585:
583:
581:
397:Étienne de Veniard, Sieur de Bourgmont
1683:
847:
523:
521:
519:
517:
515:
492:
45:Regions with significant populations
1633:Fontenelle Forest Historic District
1517:Champe-Fremont 1 Archeological Site
765:Soodalter, Ron (6 September 2018).
688:The Indian Tribes of North America,
578:
545:"Correction: Etymology of Missouri"
185:language family, together with the
13:
2113:Native American tribes in Oklahoma
2108:Native American tribes in Missouri
2017:Fox (Meskwaki, Sauk, and Kickapoo)
831:from the original on 14 March 2019
804:from the original on 14 March 2019
777:from the original on 14 March 2019
752:from the original on 14 March 2019
512:
509:2008: 24. (retrieved 16 July 2009)
14:
2129:
1440:Carlisle Indian Industrial School
1084:Nebraska Indian Community College
917:Iowa Tribe of Kansas and Nebraska
819:Soodalter, Ron (5 October 2018).
792:Soodalter, Ron (8 October 2018).
684:History of Missouri Indian Tribes
677:
87:(Protestant and Roman Catholic),
1711:
875:
821:"The Otoe-Missouria Tribe Today"
740:Soodalter, Ron (1 August 2018).
712:The New Student's Reference Work
383:based on sketches from 1833–1834
1638:Wolfe and Grey (Schuyler) Sites
1522:Frank Parker Archeological Site
460:
440:
417:
370:
330:
287:
234:Otoe-Missouria Tribe of Indians
1608:Farwell Archeological District
1405:Genoa Indian Industrial School
730:New International Encyclopedia
690:Bureau of American Ethnology,
598:
563:
554:
537:
534:2009. Accessed March 16, 2024.
474:According to the ethnographer
407:. It was occupied until 1726.
1:
1613:Blue Springs, aka Wonder Site
1557:Table Rock Archeological Site
1527:Sweetwater Archeological Site
1420:Susan LaFlesche Picotte House
1384:Cunningham Archeological Site
1252:Pine Ridge Indian Reservation
1247:Nemaha Half-Breed Reservation
1180:Moses J. "Chief" Yellow Horse
627:
469:
300:earthworks (1400–1752 CE) at
276:called them the Wa-ju'-xd¢ǎ.
173:tribe that originated in the
1313:Fullerton Archeological Site
1079:Little Priest Tribal College
575:(retrieved 23 February 2009)
7:
1552:Humphrey Archeological Site
1547:Schrader Archeological Site
1308:Schrader Archeological Site
967:Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska
894:Historic and present tribes
543:McCafferty, Michael. 2004.
10:
2134:
1648:Wiseman Archeological Site
1643:Schulte Archeological Site
1537:Ashland Archeological Site
1532:Burkett Archeological Site
1298:Horse Creek Pawnee Village
1140:Old Lady Grieves The Enemy
282:
1935:
1728:
1661:
1565:
1479:
1453:
1392:
1356:
1275:
1239:
1216:Battle of Warbonnet Creek
1188:
1165:Susette LaFlesche Tibbles
1092:
1072:colleges and universities
1069:
1026:
990:
892:
498:Oklahoma Indian Affairs.
296:Remains of the Missouria
224:, they live primarily in
143:
128:
118:
99:
94:
83:
78:
67:
62:
49:
44:
39:
34:
27:
1288:Pike-Pawnee Village Site
1150:Susan La Flesche Picotte
698:Otoe-Missouria Genealogy
650:Dickey, Michael (2011).
505:11 February 2009 at the
485:
161:(in their own language,
1982:Chiwere (Iowa and Otoe)
1623:Kurz Omaha Village Site
1566:Other precontact places
1318:Oto Indian Village Site
957:Ponca Tribe of Nebraska
570:Missouri Indian Tribes.
243:
218:Saline County, Missouri
1718:Native American tribes
1603:Nehawka Flint Quarries
1593:Hudson-Meng Bison Kill
1480:Precontact communities
1357:Historic sacred places
395:. The French explorer
384:
304:
252:-name for the people:
89:Native American Church
1430:Moses Merrill Mission
1393:Other historic places
1240:Historic reservations
1206:Battle of Mud Springs
378:
295:
216:, and in present-day
95:Related ethnic groups
16:Native American tribe
2118:Algonquian ethnonyms
2012:Mescalero-Chiricahua
1767:Cheyenne and Arapaho
1293:Skidi Pawnee Village
1276:Historic communities
1211:Battle of Rush Creek
1196:Battle of Ash Hollow
1028:Present reservations
1003:Omaha-Ponca language
302:Van Meter State Park
230:federally recognized
1583:Walker Gilmore site
1338:Theodore Davis Site
405:Brunswick, Missouri
361:infectious diseases
359:and other Eurasian
236:, headquartered in
24:
2103:Great Lakes tribes
1782:Citizen Potawatomi
1454:Precontact peoples
1130:Francis La Flesche
633:Pritzer, Barry M.
385:
305:
238:Red Rock, Oklahoma
22:
2085:
2084:
2007:Hitchiti-Mikasuki
1747:Alabama-Quassarte
1677:
1676:
1598:Woodcliff Burials
1135:Joseph La Flesche
991:Present languages
937:Northern Cheyenne
705:"Missouris"
643:978-0-19-513877-1
365:Jacques Marquette
250:Illinois language
214:Mississippi River
151:
150:
114:
113:
2125:
1937:Tribal languages
1917:United Keetoowah
1847:Muscogee (Creek)
1807:Fort Sill Apache
1742:Absentee Shawnee
1716:
1715:
1704:
1697:
1690:
1681:
1680:
1303:Cottonwood Creek
1283:Ton'wontongathon
1221:Grattan massacre
1175:James Young Deer
1125:Logan Fontenelle
1115:Joba Chamberlain
1093:Historic figures
882:Native Americans
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549:American Speech,
541:
535:
529:"Otoe-Missouria"
525:
510:
496:
435:Indian Territory
431:assimilationists
268:called them the
181:division of the
116:
115:
40:fewer than 1,393
35:Total population
25:
21:
2133:
2132:
2128:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2088:
2087:
2086:
2081:
1939:
1931:
1802:Eastern Shawnee
1792:Delaware Nation
1733:
1731:
1724:
1710:
1708:
1678:
1673:
1657:
1653:Durflinger Site
1561:
1475:
1449:
1415:Indian agencies
1388:
1352:
1271:
1235:
1231:Indian Congress
1201:Massacre Canyon
1189:Historic events
1184:
1110:Chief Blackbird
1100:Antonine Barada
1088:
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1065:
1022:
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888:
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610:Donald A. Heald
604:
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507:Wayback Machine
497:
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488:
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463:
443:
420:
373:
333:
290:
285:
260:, also spelled
246:
171:Native American
165:, also spelled
136:
50:United States (
30:
20:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2131:
2121:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2098:Siouan peoples
2083:
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2080:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
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2019:
2014:
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2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1943:
1941:
1940:(still spoken)
1933:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
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1857:Otoe-Missouria
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1797:Delaware Tribe
1794:
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1784:
1779:
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1769:
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1628:Patterson Site
1625:
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1618:Barneston Site
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1461:Central Plains
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1400:Blackbird Hill
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1333:Woodcliff Site
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1120:Larry EchoHawk
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1112:
1107:
1102:
1096:
1094:
1090:
1089:
1087:
1086:
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1075:
1073:
1070:Present tribal
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1053:
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1038:
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1024:
1023:
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1013:Sioux language
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678:External links
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222:Indian removal
210:Missouri River
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147:Niútachi Máyaⁿ
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133:Niútachi ich'é
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1898:
1897:Seneca-Cayuga
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1907:Thlopthlocco
1662:Other topics
1507:Signal Butte
1502:Schultz site
1471:Dismal River
1328:McClean Site
1323:Leshara Site
1226:Cheyenne War
1056:Santee Sioux
1018:Sac language
1008:Fox language
982:Skidi Pawnee
931:
833:. Retrieved
824:
806:. Retrieved
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779:. Retrieved
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754:. Retrieved
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613:. Retrieved
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476:James Mooney
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461:21st century
451:
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441:20th century
428:
421:
418:19th century
409:
401:Fort Orleans
386:
371:18th century
346:
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331:17th century
309:oral history
307:The tribe's
306:
288:16th century
278:
269:
261:
257:
254:Wimihsoorita
253:
247:
203:
166:
162:
158:
154:
152:
122:
85:Christianity
19:Ethnic group
1887:Sac and Fox
1578:Indian Hill
1573:Indian Cave
1512:Site 25SM20
1369:Ahkawitakol
1348:Wright Site
1145:Petalesharo
1051:Sac and Fox
381:Karl Bodmer
313:Great Lakes
228:. They are
206:Grand River
175:Great Lakes
71:, formerly
2092:Categories
2047:Potawatomi
1732:recognized
1542:Yutan Site
1492:Ash Hollow
1487:Leary Site
1343:Kelso Site
1170:Jim Thorpe
628:References
470:Population
454:Curtis Act
445:Under the
1977:Chickasaw
1927:Wyandotte
1772:Chickasaw
1730:Federally
1155:Red Cloud
1061:Winnebago
932:Missouria
670:781854373
447:Dawes Act
191:Winnebago
155:Missouria
138:Hand Talk
63:Languages
23:Missouria
2022:Muscogee
1997:Delaware
1992:Comanche
1972:Cheyenne
1967:Cherokee
1892:Seminole
1827:Kickapoo
1822:Kialegee
1787:Comanche
1762:Cherokee
1722:Oklahoma
1466:Woodland
1267:Niobrara
927:Meskwaki
912:Comanche
886:Nebraska
835:14 March
829:Archived
808:14 March
802:Archived
781:14 March
775:Archived
756:14 March
750:Archived
615:16 March
503:Archived
357:smallpox
341:Missouri
317:Ho-Chunk
298:Old Fort
272:and the
270:Waçux¢a,
262:Niutachi
226:Oklahoma
220:. Since
187:Ho-Chunk
169:) are a
167:Niutachi
159:Missouri
129:Language
123:Niútachi
109:Ho-Chunk
79:Religion
56:Missouri
52:Oklahoma
2072:Wyandot
2067:Wichita
2062:Shawnee
2002:Koasati
1987:Choctaw
1952:Arapaho
1947:Alabama
1922:Wichita
1912:Tonkawa
1902:Shawnee
1777:Choctaw
1105:Big Elk
907:Arikara
902:Arapaho
733:. 1905.
717:. 1914.
551:79.1:32
283:History
258:Niúachi
232:as the
179:Chiwere
163:Niúachi
144:Country
73:Chiwere
69:English
29:Niúachi
2057:Seneca
2052:Quapaw
2037:Pawnee
2032:Ottawa
1962:Cayuga
1882:Quapaw
1872:Peoria
1867:Pawnee
1862:Ottawa
1752:Apache
1734:tribes
1497:Coufal
1262:Pawnee
952:Pawnee
714:
668:
658:
641:
323:, and
274:Quapaw
197:, and
183:Siouan
119:People
107:, and
2077:Yuchi
2042:Ponca
2027:Osage
1957:Caddo
1877:Ponca
1852:Osage
1842:Modoc
1837:Miami
1832:Kiowa
1757:Caddo
1425:Nanza
1379:Pahuk
1364:Pahur
1046:Ponca
1041:Omaha
1036:Ioway
998:Hocak
977:Sioux
942:Omaha
922:Kiowa
486:Notes
412:Kansa
393:bison
389:Osage
337:Grand
266:Osage
1812:Iowa
947:Otoe
837:2019
810:2019
783:2019
758:2019
666:OCLC
656:ISBN
639:ISBN
617:2024
480:Otoe
452:The
351:and
349:Sauk
339:and
325:Otoe
321:Iowa
244:Name
199:Otoe
195:Iowa
153:The
105:Iowa
101:Otoe
1817:Kaw
1720:in
1257:Oto
962:Sac
884:in
353:Fox
157:or
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