768:
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815:. Tal's victory was attributed to his dominance over the lower half of the field; whilst scoring only one win and three losses versus Keres, he won all four individual games against Fischer, and took 3½ points out of 4 from each of Gligorić, Olafsson, and Benko. When Benko arrived for his match with Tal, he wore dark glasses in order to avert the gaze of Tal, which could be intimidating. In response and as a joke, Tal wore large sunglasses which he borrowed from a member of the crowd.
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a soon-to-be-famous brilliancy. Although Tal's sacrifices were formidable, his style of play was very risky, contributing to his negative record against world-class defensive players. These included
Spassky, Petrosian, Polugaevsky, Korchnoi, Keres, Smyslov, and Stein. (Tal has a positive record against Fischer with his four wins from the 1959 candidates tournament, when Fischer was only 16 years old, but never beat Fischer again.)
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1142:, prescribed due to intense pain. Tal also drank heavily before tournaments; in a tournament in the Netherlands, Tal and another Soviet grandmaster were tied in the standings, and the results of the next day's final round would determine the victor. The night before these games, the two drank together until four in the morning. Tal was ready to play at 8.30 a.m. and won his game decisively, taking first prize.
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624:
826:, who earned the title at 22). Botvinnik, who had never faced Tal before the title match began, won the return match against Tal in 1961, also held in Moscow, by 13–8 (ten wins to five, with six draws). In the period between the matches Botvinnik had thoroughly analysed Tal's style, and turned most of the return match's games into slow wars of maneuver or
1467:
I do not know from what associations the hippopotamus got into the chess board, but although the spectators were convinced that I was continuing to study the position, I, despite my humanitarian education, was trying at this time to work out: just how WOULD you drag a hippopotamus out of the marsh? I
1208:
listed Tal as one of the three players whom contemporaries were most afraid of playing against (the others being
Capablanca and Fischer). However, while Capablanca and Fischer were feared because of their extreme technical skill, Tal was feared because of the possibility of being on the wrong side of
1203:
in search of activity and initiative which is defined as the ability to make threats to which the opponent must respond. Many masters found it difficult to refute Tal's ideas, looking at how many problems he created, though deeper post-game analysis found flaws in some of his calculations. The famous
1079:), won 65 games, drew 34, and lost only two games (81.2%). This percentage makes him the player with the best score among those participating in at least four Olympiads. Individually, Tal won seven Olympiad board medals, including five gold (1958, 1962, 1966, 1972, 1974), and two silver (1960, 1982).
939:
From July 1972 to April 1973, Tal played a record 86 consecutive games without a loss (47 wins and 39 draws). Between 23 October 1973 and 16 October 1974, he played 95 consecutive games without a loss (46 wins and 49 draws), shattering his previous record. These were the two longest unbeaten streaks
1470:
After a lengthy consideration I admitted defeat as an engineer, and thought spitefully to myself: "Well, just let it drown!" And suddenly the hippopotamus disappeared. Went right off the chessboard just as he had come on ... of his own accord! And straightaway the position did not appear to be
1446:
on a USSR Championship. We reached a very complicated position where I was intending to sacrifice a knight. The sacrifice was not obvious; there was a large number of possible variations; but when I began to study hard and work through them, I found to my horror that nothing would come of it. Ideas
834:
problems contributed to his defeat, and his doctors in Riga advised that he should postpone the match for health reasons. Yuri
Averbakh claimed that Botvinnik would agree to a postponement only if Tal was certified unfit by Moscow doctors, and that Tal then decided to play. His short reign atop the
693:
called him "the most colourful figure of the championship" and a "great talent" who strived for "sharp and complicated play". However, he was criticised by the media for taking unnecessary risks and having restricted creative views. Tal then went to play on board three at the students' championship
1212:
Although his playing style at first was scorned by ex-world champion Vasily
Smyslov as nothing more than "tricks", Tal convincingly beat many notable grandmasters with his trademark aggression. Prevailing against Tal's aggression required extraordinary ability. It is also notable that he adopted a
1447:
piled up one after another. I would transport a subtle reply by my opponent, which worked in one case, to another situation where it would naturally prove to be quite useless. As a result, my head became filled with a completely chaotic pile of all sorts of moves, and the infamous "
1086:(1957, 1961, 1970, 1973, 1977, 1980), winning team gold medals each time, and three board gold medals (1957, 1970, and 1977). He scored 14 wins, 20 draws, and three losses, for 64.9%. Tal played board nine for the USSR in the first match against the Rest of the World team at
1428:
One amusing anecdote frequently quoted from Tal's autobiography takes the form of a hypothetical conversation between Tal and a journalist (actually co-author Yakov Damsky). It offers a modest, self-deprecating view of his reputation for unerring calculation at the board:
1204:
sixth game of his first world championship match with
Botvinnik is typical in that regard: Tal sacrificed a knight with little compensation but prevailed when the unsettled Botvinnik failed to find the correct response. Tal's style of play was so intimidating that
1213:
more sedate and positional style in his later years; for many chess lovers, the apex of Tal's style corresponds with the period (approximately from 1971 to 1979) when he was able to integrate the solidity of classical chess with the imagination of his youth.
1328:, Classical Main line (E69), 0–1. An excellent sample of Tal's style from the first Botvinnik–Tal match. Tal sacrifices a knight for the attack and Botvinnik is unable to find a good defence in the given time; his 25th move is a mistake that spoils his game.
1471:
so complicated. Now I somehow realized that it was not possible to calculate all the variations, and that the knight sacrifice was, by its very nature, purely intuitive. And since it promised an interesting game, I could not refrain from making it.
885:, he had serious health problems, having undergone a major operation shortly before the tournament, and had to withdraw three-quarters of the way through, scoring just seven points (+3−10=8) from 21 games. He tied for first place at the 1964
3071:[Angelina, widow of eighth world champion Tal: "Before me, Tal didn't live with any woman for more than two years, but with me, 22 years. Probably because I'm not a bitch."]. Archived from the original on 23 November 2009.
1101:
From 1950 (when he won the
Latvian junior championship) to 1991, Tal won or tied for first in 68 tournaments (see table below). During his 41-year career he played about 2,700 tournament or match games, winning over 65% of them.
1187:
Tal was known as "The
Magician from Riga", and his style of play was very aggressive and involved heavy calculation. His approach over the board was very pragmatic—in that respect, he is one of the heirs of ex-world champion
1412:
reviewed his book on the world championship match as "simply the best book written about a world championship match by a contestant. That shouldn't be a surprise because Tal was the finest writer to become world champion."
226:
include more games by Tal than any other player. He also held the record for the longest unbeaten streak in competitive chess history with 95 games (46 wins, 49 draws) between 23 October 1973 and 16 October 1974, until
920:. He won the 1979 Riga Interzonal with an undefeated score of 14/17, but the next year lost a quarter-final match to Lev Polugaevsky, one of the players to hold a positive score against him. He also played in the 1985
720:
Tal made three appearances for the USSR at
Student Olympiads in 1956–1958, winning three team gold medals and three board gold medals. He won nineteen games, drew eight, and lost none, for 85.2 percent.
1436:
It might be inconvenient to interrupt our profound discussion and change the subject slightly, but I would like to know whether extraneous, abstract thoughts ever enter your head while playing a game?
1474:
And the following day, it was with pleasure that I read in the paper how
Mikhail Tal, after carefully thinking over the position for 40 minutes, made an accurately calculated piece sacrifice.
1138:. His already fragile health suffered as a result, and he spent a great deal of time in the hospital, including an operation to remove a kidney in 1969. He was also briefly addicted to
954:
One of Tal's greatest achievements during his later career was an equal first place with Karpov (whom he seconded in a number of tournaments and world championships) in the 1979
638:. In the 1952 Latvian Championship, Tal finished ahead of his trainer. Tal won his first Latvian title in 1953, and was awarded the title of Candidate Master. He became a Soviet
273:, his true father was a family friend identified only as "Uncle Robert"; however, this was vehemently denied by Tal's third wife Angelina. Uncle Robert had been a taxi driver in
3816:
This covers Tal's career post 1975, and can therefore be seen as a sort of sequel to Tal's own autobiography and games collection, which covers his career up to that point.
822:
in a World
Championship match, held in Moscow, by 12½–8½ (six wins, two losses, and thirteen draws), making him the youngest-ever World Champion (a record later broken by
1395:, Barcelona 1992. In his final tournament before his death at age 55, the Magician from Riga produces one last masterpiece against a Grandmaster from the next generation.
662:, and taught school in Riga for a time in his early twenties. He was a member of the Daugava Sports Society, and represented Latvia in internal Soviet team competitions.
3069:"ВДОВА ВОСЬМОГО ЧЕМПИОНА ėМИХАИЛА ТАЛЯ АНГЕЛИНА: "ДО МЕНЯ СО ВСЕМИ СВОИМИ ЖЕНЩИНАМИ МИША ЖИЛ НЕ БОЛЬШЕ ДВУХ ЛЕТ, А СО МНОЙ – 22 ГОДА. НАВЕРНОЕ, ПОТОМУ, ЧТО Я НЕ СТЕРВА""
835:
chess world made him one of the two so-called "winter kings" who interrupted Botvinnik's long reign from 1948 to 1963 (the other was Smyslov, world champion 1957–58).
866:, by one point over Fischer, despite losing their individual game, scoring 14½ from nineteen games (+11−1=7) with the world-class players Petrosian, Keres, Gligorić,
713:
decided at its 1957 Congress to waive the normal restrictions and award him the title because of his achievement in winning the Soviet Championship. At that time the
1493:
Only official tournament or match games have been taken into account. '+' corresponds to Tal's wins, '−' to his losses and '=' to draws. Winning records in bold.
4108:
767:
4112:
3998:
3316:
192:
877:
Tal played in a total of six Candidates' Tournaments and match cycles, though he never again earned the right to play for the world title. In 1962 at
4654:
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2648:
1291:. Spassky plays for a win to avoid a playoff for an Interzonal berth, but Tal hangs on by his fingernails before turning the tables in a complex
4028:
1314:
1273:
962:) "Tournament of Stars", with an unbeaten score of (+6−0=12), the only undefeated player in the field, which also included Spassky, Portisch,
932:
of 16 qualifiers, finishing in a tie for fourth and fifth places, and narrowly missing further advancement after drawing a playoff match with
231:'s streak of 100 games (29 wins, 71 draws) between 9 August 2017 and 11 November 2018. In addition, Tal was a highly regarded chess writer.
3439:
3068:
1090:, SFR Yugoslavia in 1970, scoring 2 out of 4. He was on board seven for the USSR in the second match against the Rest of the World team at
2606:
Tal's Winning Chess Combinations: The Secrets of Winning Chess Combinations Described and Explained by the Russian Grandmaster Mikhail Tal
1220:
has been most often compared to Tal. In fact, he studied with Tal as a youth. Many other Latvian grandmasters and masters, for instance
1408:("Chess") from 1960 to 1970. His books are renowned for the detailed narrative of his thinking during the games. American Grandmaster
157:
1404:
Tal was a prolific and highly respected chess writer, penning a number of books and serving as editor of the Latvian chess magazine
1043:
On 28 May 1992, at the Moscow blitz tournament (which he left the hospital to play), he defeated Kasparov. He died one month later.
1036:, Canada, ahead of such players as Kasparov, the reigning world champion, and ex-champion Anatoly Karpov. In the final, he defeated
1767:
1752:
1244:
951:
22 times, 12 of them during the latter's reign as World Champion, with a record of +0−1=19 in classical games and +1−2=19 overall.
863:
741:
3910:
195:. Tal played in an attacking and daring combinatorial style. His play was known above all for improvisation and unpredictability.
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4361:
4357:
4347:
3991:
1302:
Tal vs. Vasily Smyslov, Yugoslavia Candidates' Tournament 1959, Caro–Kann Defence (B10), 1–0. A daring piece sacrifice to win a
642:
in 1954 by defeating Vladimir Saigin in a qualifying match. That same year he also scored his first win over a grandmaster when
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4096:
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1451:", from which the chess trainers recommend that you cut off the small branches, in this case spread with unbelievable rapidity.
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3729:
3166:
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2010:
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Tal's gravestone has 27 June as the date of his death. All other sources consulted give 28 June, including Kasparov, Garry,
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broke the record in 2018 with 100 games, although with far fewer wins than either of Tal's streaks (29 wins, 71 draws).
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Alexander Khalifman et al, "Mikhail Tal – 8th World Champion" (PC-CD); "Complete Games of Mikhail Tal 1936–1959", p. 5
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1280:. In a critical last-round game, Tal spares no fireworks as he scores the win that clinches his first Soviet title.
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1051:
In Chess Olympiad play, Mikhail Tal was a member of eight Soviet teams, each of which won team gold medals (1958,
1020:, SFR Yugoslavia, ahead of Korchnoi, Petrosian and Smyslov. In 1988, at the age of 51, he won the second official
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Tal, Mikhail (2003) . "Mikhail Tal, The Score Isn't Everything, Victory in the Ending". In Keene, Raymond (ed.).
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Poor health caused a slump in his play from late 1968 to late 1969, but he recovered his form after having a
729:
20:
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was dominant in world chess, and Tal had beaten several of the world's top players to win the tournament.
634:
began tutoring him in 1949, after which Tal's game rapidly improved, and by 1951 he had qualified for the
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4644:
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1304:
705:, at the age of 20. He had not played in enough international tournaments to qualify for the title of
4126:
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1033:
784:
706:
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was 2705, achieved in 1980. His highest Historical Chessmetrics Rating was 2799, in September 1960.
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Tal, Mikhail (1988). "The chess calculator's confession". In Estrin, Yakov; Romanov, Isaac (eds.).
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in particular. There are a few openings named after him, however, such as the Tal Variation in the
830:, rather than the complicated tactical melees which were Tal's happy hunting ground. Tal's chronic
147:
1468:
remember how jacks figured in my thoughts, as well as levers, helicopters, and even a rope ladder.
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1335:
1098:
in 1984, scoring 2 out of 3. The USSR won both team matches. He was an Honoured Master of Sport.
982:
617:
3447:
3235:
1382:
1363:
1231:
Tal contributed little to opening theory, despite having a deep knowledge of most systems, the
929:
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1225:
1197:
971:
4755:
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882:
655:
243:
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184:
2129:
804:
285:. His mother, Ida Grigoryevna, was the eldest of four sisters; Tal frequently visited the
8:
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4404:
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2204:
2097:
1985:
1950:
1900:
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1072:
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1064:
1060:
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1251:, particularly in his early years, led to a complete re-evaluation of this variation. A
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1313:
Robert James Fischer vs. Tal, Belgrade, Candidates' Tournament 1959, Sicilian Defence,
1228:, have played in a similar vein, causing some to speak of a "Latvian School of Chess".
1221:
1189:
1016:; in 1970, he took second place to Fischer, who scored 19/22, in a blitz tournament at
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2995:, 2nd ed., McFarland & Company, Jefferson, North Carolina and London, pp. 43–44,
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787:, Yugoslavia, 1959. Tal showed superior form by winning with 20/28 points, ahead of
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1353:(E30), 0–1. A game fuelled with tactics from its first moves. Black attacks in the
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605:
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1380:, (B08), 1–0. Tal destroys perhaps the greatest defensive player of all time in a
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games against unknown or relatively weak players purely for the joy of playing.
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in his right hand (visible in some photographs). Despite this, he was a skilled
889:
Interzonal to advance to matches. Then in 1965, he lost the final match against
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Alternative translation: Oh, what a task so harsh/ To drag a hippo from a marsh
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said of him, "Every game for him was as inimitable and invaluable as a poem".
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3549:"Robert James Fischer vs. Mikhail Tal, Belgrade, Candidates' Tournament 1959"
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1463:"Oh, what a difficult job it was. To drag out of the marsh the hippopotamus."
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3377:, revised and updated edition, by Mikhail Tal, 1997, London, Everyman Chess.
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Mikhail Botvinnik vs. Tal, World Championship Match, Moscow 1960, 6th game,
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1001:). He was also a five-time winner of the International Chess Tournament in
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3569:"Mikhail Botvinnik vs. Mikhail Tal, World Championship Match, Moscow 1960"
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1317:(B87), 0–1. Their games from this period are full of interesting tactics.
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3529:"Mikhail Tal vs. Vasily Smyslov, Yugoslavia Candidates' Tournament 1959"
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reported that "effectively his entire organism had ceased to function."
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620:. Tal used an imaginative combination to win his game at the age of 13.
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In 1959, he married 19-year-old Salli Landau, an actress with the Riga
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3014:"Official FIDE Ding, Liren (CHN) Individual Calculations full report"
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3629:"Mikhail Tal vs. Tigran Petrosian, 8th Soviet Team Cup, Moscow 1974"
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wrote in the introduction to the 1997 reissued algebraic edition of
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4154:
3471:"Shabalov Enters Elite Company With Fourth U.S. Championship Title"
3340:"Mikhail Tal, a Chess Grandmaster Known for His Daring, Dies at 55"
3238:(1973). "The World Chess Championship, A History". Macmillan: 188.
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1926:
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Match with Vladimir Saigin for the title of Soviet Master (+4−2=8)
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Leningrad, Soviet Team Championship final, board 2, 1st–2nd (4½/7)
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53:
3489:"Mikhail Tal vs. Alexander Tolush, USSR Championship, Moscow 1957"
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Including the 1983 final when Tal had to withdraw after five games
1372:
Tal vs. Tigran Petrosian, 8th Soviet Team Cup, Moscow 1974, rd 5,
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669:; they divorced in 1970. In 2003, Landau published a biography in
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In 1960, at the age of 23, Tal defeated the strategically-minded
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Play continued 18.axb5 Rxf3 19.Rxa7 Qxb5 20.gxf3 Qg5+ 21.Kh1 Rg8
32:
3243:
2185:
Rostov-on-Don, USSR Club Team Championship, board 1, 1st (4½/6)
1356:
1145:
On 28 June 1992, Tal died in a Moscow hospital, officially of a
3883:
3669:"Mikhail Tal vs. Evgeni Vasiukov, USSR Championship, Kiev 1964"
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Soon after losing the rematch with Botvinnik, Tal won the 1961
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to see his aunt, Riva, and another of his aunts settled in the
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179:(9 November 1936 – 28 June 1992) was a Soviet and Latvian
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Boris Spassky vs. Tal, Tallinn tt 1973, Nimzo-Indian Defence,
947:
Tal remained a formidable opponent as he got older. He played
936:, who held the tiebreak advantage from the tournament proper.
783:. Following the Interzonal, the top players carried on to the
612:, a young master who had recently competed in the prestigious
246:
chess tournament has been held in Moscow annually since 2006.
3509:"Boris Spassky vs. Mikhail Tal, USSR Championship, Riga 1958"
2231:
2222:
2156:
1782:
1453:
And then suddenly, for some reason, I remembered the classic
1425:
that the book was possibly the best chess book ever written.
1299:; with the win, he captures his second straight Soviet title.
1165:
274:
180:
4175:
3211:"World Student Team Chess Championship :: Mikhail Tal"
2386:
2375:
2198:
2151:
1972:
1918:
1809:
859:
710:
215:
107:
2655:
2603:
2240:, European Team Championship, board 6, silver medal (4/6)
623:
3841:
Checkmate! The Love Story of Mikhail Tal and Sally Landau
3431:
3111:
2279:
Moscow, USSR Club Team Championship, board 1, 1st (6½/9)
2037:
Moscow, USSR Club Team Championship, board 1, 1st (4½/6)
2623:
Tal, Mikhail, Aleksandr Roshal and V. Chepizhny (1980).
1841:
Riga – 23rd Soviet Championship Semifinal, 1st (12½/18)
3300:
3298:
3296:
3294:
3292:
3271:
940:
in competitive chess for more than four decades, until
3137:
3135:
3133:
3117:
2694:
Tal, Mikhail, Iakov Damsky and Ken Neat (tr.) (1994).
2371:
Moscow, Soviet Team Championship, board 1, 1st (7/9)
1442:
Yes. For example, I will never forget my game with GM
1009:, with victories in 1971, 1973, 1977, 1981, and 1983.
2776:
1876:– European Team Championship, board 4, 1st–2nd (3/5)
1488:
1283:
Boris Spassky vs. Tal, USSR Championship, Riga 1958,
3289:
3044:
3042:
2933:
The Mammoth Book of the World's Greatest Chess Games
1346:
is crowned with success, winning a brilliancy prize.
1024:(the first was won by Kasparov the previous year in
220:
The Mammoth Book of the World's Greatest Chess Games
193:
one of the most influential players in chess history
3359:"Yuri Averbakh: An Interview with History – Part 2"
3154:
3130:
2860:
Zhivago's children: the last Russian intelligentsia
2315:Moscow, European Team Championship, board 4 (4½/6)
1126:Naturally artistic, witty and impulsive, Tal led a
3819:
3331:
3306:
1854:– World students team championship, board 3 (6/7)
1176:Tal loved the game in itself and considered that "
3857:
3120:"How good was Tal when he was 12? Kholmov vs Tal"
3039:
3020:
2658:Chess Scandals: The 1978 World Chess Championship
2143:– Goglidze memorial tournament, 1st–2nd (10½/15)
681:Tal made his first significant appearance at the
4697:
3179:
3094:
3092:
300:
214:, and he earned the nickname "The Magician from
16:Soviet and Latvian chess grandmaster (1936–1992)
3776:Twelve Great Chess Players and Their Best Games
3475:Section "The Champion Speaks" – interview with
2918:
2585:Tal, Mikhail & Alexander Koblencs (2013) .
2159:– Grandmasters vs. Young Masters, 1st (10½/14)
2128:Belgrade – Quarter-final Candidates Match with
1820:Riga – 10th Latvian championship, 1st (14½/19)
3792:
3440:"Kramnik Interview: From Steinitz to Kasparov"
3407:
3337:
2534:World Championship: Petrosian vs. Spassky 1966
2162:Belgrade – World vs. USSR, board 9 Match with
1216:Of the current top-level players, the Latvian
281:, in the 1920s and had lost all his family in
4006:
3992:
3838:
3609:"Boris Spassky vs. Mikhail Tal, Tallinn 1973"
3089:
2764:
1082:Tal also represented the Soviet Union at six
775:In 1959, Tal won a very strong tournament at
658:, writing a thesis on the satirical works of
627:Tal lived in this apartment building in Riga.
3356:
3205:
3203:
3201:
2718:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2674:
2647:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2559:
2540:
2531:
2512:
2452:Tbilisi – Goglidze memorial, 1st–2nd (9/13)
2171:, European Team Championship, board 6 (5/6)
2114:Moscow, USSR Spartakiad, final B, 1st (6/9)
2048:Bled – Quarter-final Candidates Match with
2002:Moscow, USSR Spartakiad, board 1, 1st (6/9)
1105:
3589:"István Bilek vs. Mikhail Tal, Moscow 1967"
3437:
1153:. His friend and fellow Soviet grandmaster
3999:
3985:
3468:
2656:Tal, Mikhail & E.B. Edmondson (1981).
2604:Tal, Mikhail & Viktor Khenkin (1979).
2154:– Georgian Open championship, 1st (11/14)
1783:Tournament and match wins (or equal first)
751:, being its fourth consecutive victory in
744:, then helped the Soviet Union to win the
52:
3843:. Moscow: Elk and Ruby Publishing House.
3824:. Moscow: Elk and Ruby Publishing House.
3198:
2902:. Harvard University Press, 2009. p. 179
1948:– Match West Germany vs. USSR, 1st (7½/8)
909:, he lost a 1968 semifinal match against
724:He retained the title of champion at the
701:He became the youngest player to win the
3738:
3304:
3234:
3118:Chess School (youtube) (19 April 2012).
2054:Bled – Semi-final Candidates Match with
2045:Riga, Latvian championship, 1st (10/13)
1953:Olympiad, board 1, silver medal (11/15)
1939:Moscow – Match for the World title with
1338:, Spassky Variation (A05), 0–1. A risky
1117:
1109:
849:
766:
742:Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
622:
3770:
3700:
3279:"1959 Yugoslavia Candidates Tournament"
3165:sfn error: no target: CITEREFKasparov (
3146:sfn error: no target: CITEREFKasparov (
2404:Sochi – Chigorin memorial, 1st (10/15)
2364:Tallinn – Keres memorial, 1st (12½/15)
2312:Sochi – Chigorin memorial, 1st (11/15)
471:
394:
4698:
3422:
3053:sfn error: no target: CITEREFSosonko (
3031:sfn error: no target: CITEREFSosonko (
2912:
2837:
2835:
2833:
2787:[mʲɪxɐˈilnʲɪˈxʲemʲɪvʲɪtɕˈtalʲ]
2417:Tallinn – Keres memorial, 1st (10/15)
2271:Leningrad – 42nd URS-ch, =1st (9½/15)
429:
387:
3980:
3649:"Mikhail Tal vs. Joel Lautier (1992)"
2960:
2785:
2679:. A & C Black. pp. 102–112.
2248:Hastings tournament, 1st–4th (10/15)
1929:– Candidates tournament, 1st (20/28)
1253:variation of the Nimzo-Indian Defence
845:
492:
485:
478:
464:
457:
450:
443:
436:
422:
415:
408:
401:
380:
373:
366:
359:
352:
345:
336:
265:Tal was born in Riga, Latvia, into a
3907:FIDE rating history at OlimpBase.org
3160:
3141:
2954:
2465:Jūrmala tournament, 1st–4th (7½/13)
2310:60th October Rev., 1st–2nd (11½/17)
1898:– Wch-team students, board 1 (8½/10)
1871:– Wch-team students, board 1 (8½/10)
1160:Tal had the congenital deformity of
1046:
985:, winning it six times (1957, 1958,
732:for the first time. He won the 1958
3778:. New York: Dover. pp. 76–91.
3719:
3048:
3026:
2830:
13:
3764:
3103:sfn error: no target: CITEREFTal (
2625:Montreal 1979: Tournament of Stars
1911:Riga – Latvian Olympiad, 1st (7/7)
1812:– Latvia Junior championship, 1st
1489:Score with some major grandmasters
1268:, USSR Championship, Moscow 1957,
676:
14:
4787:
4019:List of World Chess Championships
3877:
3722:The Life and Games of Mikhail Tal
3375:The Life and Games of Mikhail Tal
3305:Hartston, William (2 July 1992).
3182:Mikhail Tal – Master of Sacrifice
2847:The Life and Games of Mikhail Tal
2563:The Life and Games of Mikhail Tal
1481:The Life and Games of Mikhail Tal
1423:The Life and Games of Mikhail Tal
1084:European Team Chess Championships
901:in matches. Exempt from the 1967
762:
4679:
4670:
4669:
3882:
3319:from the original on 14 May 2022
2476:– National Open, 1st–6th (5½/6)
2220:Tallinn tournament, 1st (12/15)
1766:
1751:
1736:
1721:
1706:
1693:
1680:
1667:
1652:
1639:
1626:
1611:
1598:
1585:
1572:
1559:
1544:
1529:
1514:
1499:
1258:
1247:. But his aggressive use of the
1180:" He was known to play numerous
1171:
491:
484:
477:
470:
463:
456:
449:
442:
435:
428:
421:
414:
407:
400:
393:
386:
379:
372:
365:
358:
351:
344:
338:
269:family. According to his friend
3858:Winter, Edward G., ed. (1981).
3681:
3661:
3641:
3621:
3601:
3581:
3561:
3541:
3521:
3501:
3481:
3462:
3416:
3398:
3389:
3380:
3368:
3338:McFadden, R.D. (29 June 1992).
3228:
3184:. B.T.Batsford Ltd. p. 4.
3173:
3098:
3061:
2810:
2801:
2677:The World Champions Teach Chess
608:chess club. In 1949, he played
3006:
2892:
2872:
2852:
2843:My Great Predecessors, part II
2746:
2506:
2397:Moscow tournament, 1st (9/13)
2013:Premier tournament, 1st (7/9)
874:among the other participants.
249:
187:. He is considered a creative
1:
2823:
2373:Riga tournament, 1st (11/15)
2356:Riga Interzonal, 1st (14/17)
2182:tournament, 1st–2nd (11½/15)
730:World Chess Championship 1960
685:, sharing 5th–7th place with
21:Eastern Slavic naming customs
3911:Kasparov interview about Tal
3898:player profile and games at
3469:Watson, J. (1 August 2007).
2862:, Harvard University Press,
2734:List of Jewish chess players
2321:
2234:tournament, 1st–2nd (10/15)
2111:– 35th URS-ch, =1st (12/15)
2064:
2029:Interzonal, 1st–4th (17/23)
1787:
1178:Chess, first of all, is art.
928:) Candidates' Tournament, a
913:, after defeating Gligorić.
726:1958 USSR Chess Championship
703:1957 USSR Chess Championship
683:1956 USSR Chess Championship
234:Tal died on 28 June 1992 in
7:
4771:University of Latvia alumni
4040:FIDE Grand Swiss Tournament
4029:Knockout format (1998–2004)
3820:Kirillov, Valentin (2017).
2790:; sometimes transliterated
2777:
2727:
2545:. Batsford. pp. 5–16.
2543:Learn from the Grandmasters
2428:tournament, 1st–2nd (7/11)
2378:tournament, 1st–2nd (9/13)
2354:tournament, 1st–2nd (12/18)
2343:– 46th URS-ch, 1st (11/17)
2201:– 40th URS-ch, 1st (15/21)
2089:tournament, 1st–2nd (11/15)
1903:Olympiad, board 5 (13½/15)
1399:
1287:, Sämisch Variation (E26),
650:position. Tal graduated in
600:As a child, Tal joined the
10:
4792:
4776:20th-century chess players
4766:Deaths from kidney failure
4731:Chess Olympiad competitors
3959:World Blitz Chess Champion
2993:Chess Lists Second Edition
2500:memorial, 1st–3rd (8½/13)
2332:Tournament / Championship
2277:Olympiad, board 5 (11½/15)
2207:Olympiad, board 4 (14/16)
2100:Olympiad, board 3 (12/13)
2075:Tournament / Championship
1988:Olympiad, board 6 (10/13)
1798:Tournament / Championship
1012:Tal also had successes in
253:
191:and is widely regarded as
19:In this name that follows
18:
4665:
4549:Other world championships
4548:
4458:
4375:
4334:
4327:
4174:
4063:
4014:
4008:World Chess Championships
3965:
3956:
3950:
3940:
3931:
3923:
3918:
3822:Team Tal: An Inside Story
3724:. Gloucester Publishers.
3180:Clarke, Peter H. (1991).
3081:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
2966:Modern Chess Brilliancies
2880:Tal's Best Games of Chess
2778:Mikhail Nekhem'yevich Tal
2765:
2269:tournament, 1st (11½/15)
2259:tournament, 1st (12½/15)
2218:tournament, 1st (10½/15)
2078:Match / Team competition
1999:tournament, 1st (12½/15)
1975:tournament, 1st (14½/19)
1801:Match / Team competition
1459:Korney Ivanović Chukovsky
1106:Health problems and death
978:, Jan Timman and Larsen.
224:Modern Chess Brilliancies
166:
156:
146:
135:
114:
94:
71:
63:
51:
46:
3798:The Magic of Mikhail Tal
2739:
2483:World blitz Championship
2463:(Argentina), 1st (8/11)
2402:tournament, 1st (10/15)
2264:tournament, 1st (11½/15)
2125:tournament, 1st (7½/10)
2094:tournament, 1st (12/15)
2034:tournament, 1st (7½/10)
2024:tournament, 1st (12½/13)
1964:tournament, 1st (9½/11)
1916:tournament, 1st (11½/15)
1022:World Blitz Championship
673:of her late ex-husband.
260:to describe chess moves.
177:Mikhail Nekhemyevich Tal
67:Mikhail Nekhemyevich Tal
3701:Sosonko, Genna (2001).
3308:"Obituary: Mikhail Tal"
2696:Attack with Mikhail Tal
2517:. Russell Enterprises.
2439:tournament, 1st (9/13)
2409:tournament, 1st (9/11)
2389:tournament, 1st (9/11)
2305:memorial, 1st (11½/17)
2196:tournament, 1st (11/15)
799:, the sixteen-year-old
618:simultaneous exhibition
4716:Sportspeople from Riga
3839:Landau, Sally (2019).
3473:. US Chess Federation.
3259:Cite journal requires
2991:Soltis, Andrew (2002)
2766:Михаил Нехемьевич Таль
2756:
2608:. Simon and Schuster.
2560:Tal, Mikhail (1997) .
2513:Tal, Mikhail (2001) .
2369:tournament, 1st (7/11)
2289:Stockholm, Match with
2229:memorial, 1st (11/15)
1486:
1334:vs. Tal, Moscow 1967,
1123:
1115:
855:
791:with 18½, followed by
785:Candidates' Tournament
772:
728:, and competed in the
698:, scoring 6 out of 7.
628:
297:Kholmov vs. Tal, 1949
183:player and the eighth
4761:Latvian chess writers
4736:Latvian chess players
4721:World chess champions
4055:Candidates Tournament
3891:at Wikimedia Commons
3860:World chess champions
3745:My Great Predecessors
3720:Tal, Mikhail (1997).
3357:Kingston, T. (2002).
2878:Clarke, P. H. (1969)
2532:Tal, Mikhail (1973).
1431:
1322:King's Indian Defence
1270:King's Indian Defence
1255:also bears his name.
1245:Sicilian Scheveningen
1121:
1113:
853:
770:
626:
279:French Third Republic
4746:Jewish chess players
4741:Soviet chess players
3934:World Chess Champion
3438:Kramnik, V. (2005).
2858:Zubok, V. M. (2011)
2587:Study Chess with Tal
2450:open, 1st–2nd (7½/9)
1863:Moscow – 24th URS-ch
1381:
1362:
1354:
1339:
1336:King's Indian Attack
1326:Fianchetto Variation
1315:Fischer–Sozin Attack
1303:
1292:
1285:Nimzo-Indian Defence
1196:
983:Soviet Championships
883:Netherlands Antilles
689:and Ratmir Kholmov.
656:University of Latvia
636:Latvian Championship
244:Mikhail Tal Memorial
185:World Chess Champion
170:No. 2 (January 1980)
3703:Russian Silhouettes
2515:Tal–Botvinnik, 1960
2461:Termas de Río Hondo
1890:Portorož Interzonal
1351:Leningrad Variation
972:Ljubomir Ljubojević
862:supertournament in
162:2705 (January 1980)
4726:Chess Grandmasters
3749:. Everyman Chess.
3477:Alexander Shabalov
3344:The New York Times
2938:Carroll & Graf
2900:Zhivago's Children
2898:Zubok, Vladislav.
2698:. Everyman Chess.
2660:. Pergamon Press.
2627:. Pergamon Press.
1885:Riga – 25th URS-ch
1449:tree of variations
1361:and then starts a
1222:Alexander Shabalov
1190:Alexander Alekhine
1130:of chess playing,
1124:
1116:
893:, after defeating
856:
846:Later achievements
773:
646:lost on time in a
632:Alexander Koblents
629:
293:but visited Riga.
258:algebraic notation
256:This section uses
202:His nickname was "
4693:
4692:
4454:
4453:
3975:
3974:
3969:Viswanathan Anand
3966:Succeeded by
3944:Mikhail Botvinnik
3941:Succeeded by
3927:Mikhail Botvinnik
3887:Media related to
3850:978-5-604-17696-2
3831:978-5-950-04330-7
3731:978-1-85744-202-1
3425:Chess for Dummies
3364:. The Chess Cafe.
3313:independent.co.uk
2775:
2504:
2503:
2319:
2318:
2130:Svetozar Gligorić
2092:Palma de Mallorca
2062:
2061:
1941:Mikhail Botvinnik
1774:Svetozar Gligoric
1507:Mikhail Botvinnik
1274:Sämisch Variation
1047:Team competitions
981:Tal played in 21
820:Mikhail Botvinnik
805:Svetozar Gligorić
691:Grigory Levenfish
614:Chigorin Memorial
590:
589:
174:
173:
167:Peak ranking
4783:
4683:
4673:
4672:
4332:
4331:
4001:
3994:
3987:
3978:
3977:
3951:Preceded by
3924:Preceded by
3916:
3915:
3886:
3873:
3854:
3835:
3815:
3789:
3760:
3735:
3716:
3705:. New In Chess.
3688:
3685:
3679:
3678:
3665:
3659:
3658:
3645:
3639:
3638:
3625:
3619:
3618:
3605:
3599:
3598:
3585:
3579:
3578:
3565:
3559:
3558:
3545:
3539:
3538:
3525:
3519:
3518:
3505:
3499:
3498:
3485:
3479:
3474:
3466:
3460:
3459:
3457:
3455:
3446:. Archived from
3444:Vladimir Kramnik
3435:
3429:
3428:
3420:
3414:
3411:
3405:
3402:
3396:
3393:
3387:
3384:
3378:
3372:
3366:
3365:
3363:
3354:
3348:
3347:
3335:
3329:
3328:
3326:
3324:
3310:
3302:
3287:
3286:
3275:
3269:
3268:
3262:
3257:
3255:
3247:
3232:
3226:
3225:
3223:
3221:
3207:
3196:
3195:
3177:
3171:
3170:
3158:
3152:
3151:
3139:
3128:
3127:
3115:
3109:
3108:
3096:
3087:
3086:
3080:
3072:
3065:
3059:
3058:
3046:
3037:
3036:
3024:
3018:
3017:
3010:
3004:
2989:
2980:
2979:
2958:
2952:
2951:
2936:(2nd ed.).
2916:
2910:
2896:
2890:
2876:
2870:
2856:
2850:
2839:
2817:
2814:
2808:
2805:
2799:
2789:
2784:
2780:
2770:
2768:
2767:
2750:
2723:
2717:
2709:
2690:
2671:
2652:
2646:
2638:
2619:
2600:
2581:
2556:
2537:
2528:
2326:
2325:
2227:Mikhail Chigorin
2069:
2068:
1792:
1791:
1771:
1770:
1756:
1755:
1744:Wolfgang Uhlmann
1741:
1740:
1726:
1725:
1711:
1710:
1698:
1697:
1685:
1684:
1672:
1671:
1657:
1656:
1644:
1643:
1633:Tigran Petrosian
1631:
1630:
1616:
1615:
1603:
1602:
1590:
1589:
1577:
1576:
1564:
1563:
1549:
1548:
1534:
1533:
1519:
1518:
1504:
1503:
1484:
1385:
1378:Classical System
1366:
1358:
1343:
1307:
1306:brilliancy prize
1296:
1266:Alexander Tolush
1200:
809:Friðrik Ólafsson
793:Tigran Petrosian
495:
494:
488:
487:
481:
480:
474:
473:
467:
466:
460:
459:
453:
452:
446:
445:
439:
438:
432:
431:
425:
424:
418:
417:
411:
410:
404:
403:
397:
396:
390:
389:
383:
382:
376:
375:
369:
368:
362:
361:
355:
354:
348:
347:
342:
341:
301:
158:Peak rating
125:
123:
105:
103:
56:
44:
43:
4791:
4790:
4786:
4785:
4784:
4782:
4781:
4780:
4696:
4695:
4694:
4689:
4661:
4544:
4450:
4371:
4323:
4170:
4059:
4045:FIDE Grand Prix
4035:Chess World Cup
4031:
4010:
4005:
3971:
3962:
3954:
3946:
3937:
3929:
3880:
3870:
3851:
3832:
3812:
3786:
3772:Chernev, Irving
3767:
3765:Further reading
3757:
3740:Kasparov, Garry
3732:
3713:
3692:
3691:
3686:
3682:
3667:
3666:
3662:
3647:
3646:
3642:
3627:
3626:
3622:
3607:
3606:
3602:
3587:
3586:
3582:
3567:
3566:
3562:
3547:
3546:
3542:
3527:
3526:
3522:
3507:
3506:
3502:
3487:
3486:
3482:
3467:
3463:
3453:
3451:
3436:
3432:
3421:
3417:
3412:
3408:
3403:
3399:
3394:
3390:
3385:
3381:
3373:
3369:
3361:
3355:
3351:
3336:
3332:
3322:
3320:
3303:
3290:
3277:
3276:
3272:
3260:
3258:
3249:
3248:
3233:
3229:
3219:
3217:
3209:
3208:
3199:
3192:
3178:
3174:
3164:
3159:
3155:
3145:
3140:
3131:
3116:
3112:
3102:
3097:
3090:
3074:
3073:
3067:
3066:
3062:
3052:
3047:
3040:
3030:
3025:
3021:
3012:
3011:
3007:
2990:
2983:
2976:
2959:
2955:
2948:
2920:Burgess, Graham
2917:
2913:
2897:
2893:
2877:
2873:
2857:
2853:
2840:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2820:
2815:
2811:
2806:
2802:
2782:
2751:
2747:
2742:
2730:
2711:
2710:
2706:
2687:
2668:
2640:
2639:
2635:
2616:
2597:
2578:
2553:
2536:. Chess Digest.
2525:
2509:
2477:
2464:
2451:
2405:
2403:
2398:
2374:
2372:
2370:
2365:
2355:
2324:
2311:
2306:
2278:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2230:
2221:
2219:
2197:
2167:
2155:
2090:
2067:
2053:
2030:
2025:
1949:
1944:
1917:
1912:
1899:
1892:, 1st (13½/20)
1888:
1872:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1765:
1750:
1735:
1720:
1705:
1692:
1679:
1666:
1651:
1646:Lev Polugaevsky
1638:
1625:
1610:
1605:Viktor Korchnoi
1597:
1584:
1571:
1558:
1543:
1528:
1522:David Bronstein
1513:
1498:
1491:
1485:
1478:
1469:
1452:
1419:Murray Chandler
1402:
1387:
1368:
1360:
1345:
1309:
1298:
1261:
1202:
1174:
1155:Gennadi Sosonko
1108:
1049:
1038:Rafael Vaganian
976:Lubomir Kavalek
911:Viktor Korchnoi
848:
765:
687:Lev Polugaevsky
679:
677:Soviet champion
598:
597:
596:
497:
496:
489:
482:
475:
468:
461:
454:
447:
440:
433:
426:
419:
412:
405:
398:
391:
384:
377:
370:
363:
356:
349:
339:
298:
271:Gennadi Sosonko
263:
262:
261:
252:
197:Vladislav Zubok
127:
121:
119:
106:
101:
99:
98:9 November 1936
90:
59:
40:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4789:
4779:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4743:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4691:
4690:
4688:
4687:
4677:
4666:
4663:
4662:
4660:
4659:
4658:
4657:
4652:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4610:Correspondence
4607:
4606:
4605:
4600:
4595:
4585:
4584:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4568:
4558:
4552:
4550:
4546:
4545:
4543:
4542:
4521:
4495:
4473:
4462:
4460:
4456:
4455:
4452:
4451:
4449:
4448:
4438:
4428:
4418:
4408:
4398:
4379:
4377:
4373:
4372:
4370:
4369:
4355:
4340:
4338:
4329:
4325:
4324:
4322:
4321:
4299:
4293:
4273:
4263:
4253:
4239:
4229:
4219:
4209:
4199:
4180:
4178:
4172:
4171:
4169:
4168:
4158:
4148:
4130:
4120:
4113:1910 (Nov–Dec)
4109:1910 (Jan–Feb)
4090:
4067:
4065:
4061:
4060:
4058:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4026:
4021:
4015:
4012:
4011:
4004:
4003:
3996:
3989:
3981:
3973:
3972:
3967:
3964:
3955:
3952:
3948:
3947:
3942:
3939:
3930:
3925:
3921:
3920:
3914:
3913:
3908:
3905:Mikhail N. Tal
3902:
3900:Chessgames.com
3879:
3878:External links
3876:
3875:
3874:
3868:
3855:
3849:
3836:
3830:
3817:
3810:
3802:Everyman Chess
3794:Gallagher, Joe
3790:
3784:
3766:
3763:
3762:
3761:
3755:
3736:
3730:
3717:
3711:
3690:
3689:
3680:
3674:Chessgames.com
3660:
3654:Chessgames.com
3640:
3634:Chessgames.com
3620:
3614:Chessgames.com
3600:
3594:Chessgames.com
3580:
3574:Chessgames.com
3560:
3554:Chessgames.com
3540:
3534:Chessgames.com
3520:
3514:Chessgames.com
3500:
3494:Chessgames.com
3480:
3461:
3450:on 12 May 2008
3430:
3427:. For Dummies.
3415:
3413:Sosonko, p. 24
3406:
3404:Sosonko, p. 30
3397:
3395:Sosonko, p. 25
3388:
3386:Sosonko, p. 23
3379:
3367:
3349:
3330:
3288:
3283:mark-weeks.com
3270:
3261:|journal=
3227:
3197:
3190:
3172:
3163:, p. 388.
3153:
3144:, p. 383.
3129:
3110:
3088:
3060:
3038:
3019:
3005:
2981:
2974:
2953:
2946:
2911:
2891:
2871:
2851:
2845:, p. 382, and
2828:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2819:
2818:
2809:
2800:
2744:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2737:
2736:
2729:
2726:
2725:
2724:
2704:
2691:
2685:
2672:
2666:
2653:
2633:
2620:
2614:
2601:
2596:978-1849941099
2595:
2582:
2576:
2568:Everyman Chess
2557:
2551:
2538:
2529:
2523:
2508:
2505:
2502:
2501:
2491:
2487:
2486:
2471:
2467:
2466:
2458:
2454:
2453:
2445:
2441:
2440:
2434:
2430:
2429:
2423:
2419:
2418:
2415:
2411:
2410:
2395:
2391:
2390:
2384:
2380:
2379:
2362:
2358:
2357:
2349:
2345:
2344:
2338:
2334:
2333:
2330:
2323:
2320:
2317:
2316:
2313:
2299:
2295:
2294:
2287:
2285:
2281:
2280:
2272:
2254:
2250:
2249:
2246:
2242:
2241:
2235:
2213:
2209:
2208:
2202:
2191:
2187:
2186:
2183:
2177:
2173:
2172:
2164:Miguel Najdorf
2160:
2149:
2145:
2144:
2138:
2134:
2133:
2126:
2120:
2116:
2115:
2112:
2106:
2102:
2101:
2095:
2084:
2080:
2079:
2076:
2073:
2066:
2063:
2060:
2059:
2050:Lajos Portisch
2046:
2043:
2039:
2038:
2035:
2019:
2015:
2014:
2008:
2004:
2003:
2000:
1994:
1990:
1989:
1983:
1981:
1977:
1976:
1970:
1966:
1965:
1959:
1955:
1954:
1937:
1935:
1931:
1930:
1909:
1905:
1904:
1893:
1887:, 1st (12/19)
1882:
1878:
1877:
1874:Baden, Austria
1866:
1865:, 1st (14/21)
1860:
1856:
1855:
1849:
1847:
1843:
1842:
1839:
1835:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1825:
1824:
1821:
1818:
1814:
1813:
1807:
1803:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1778:
1763:
1759:Borislav Ivkov
1748:
1733:
1718:
1714:Miguel Najdorf
1703:
1690:
1677:
1674:Vasily Smyslov
1664:
1660:Lajos Portisch
1649:
1636:
1623:
1608:
1595:
1582:
1579:Garry Kasparov
1569:
1566:Anatoly Karpov
1556:
1541:
1526:
1511:
1495:
1490:
1487:
1476:
1464:
1441:
1435:
1401:
1398:
1397:
1396:
1389:
1370:
1347:
1329:
1318:
1311:
1300:
1281:
1260:
1257:
1226:Alvis Vītoliņš
1173:
1170:
1132:heavy drinking
1107:
1104:
1096:United Kingdom
1048:
1045:
964:Vlastimil Hort
949:Anatoly Karpov
918:kidney removed
905:Interzonal in
895:Lajos Portisch
872:Miguel Najdorf
864:SFR Yugoslavia
847:
844:
824:Garry Kasparov
797:Vasily Smyslov
764:
763:World Champion
761:
749:Chess Olympiad
736:tournament at
678:
675:
660:Ilf and Petrov
616:in 1947, in a
610:Ratmir Kholmov
606:Young Pioneers
591:
588:
587:
585:
582:
579:
576:
573:
570:
567:
564:
561:
558:
557:
554:
550:
549:
546:
542:
541:
538:
534:
533:
530:
526:
525:
522:
518:
517:
514:
510:
509:
506:
502:
501:
498:
490:
483:
476:
469:
462:
455:
448:
441:
434:
427:
420:
413:
406:
399:
392:
385:
378:
371:
364:
357:
350:
343:
337:
335:
331:
330:
328:
325:
322:
319:
316:
313:
310:
307:
304:
299:
296:
295:
255:
254:
251:
248:
172:
171:
168:
164:
163:
160:
154:
153:
150:
148:World Champion
144:
143:
137:
133:
132:
126:(aged 55)
116:
112:
111:
96:
92:
91:
89:
88:
82:
75:
73:
69:
68:
65:
64:Full name
61:
60:
57:
49:
48:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4788:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4744:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4703:
4701:
4686:
4682:
4678:
4676:
4668:
4667:
4664:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4647:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4590:
4589:
4586:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4563:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4553:
4551:
4547:
4541:
4540:
4535:
4534:
4529:
4525:
4522:
4519:
4515:
4511:
4507:
4503:
4499:
4496:
4493:
4489:
4485:
4481:
4477:
4474:
4471:
4467:
4464:
4463:
4461:
4457:
4446:
4442:
4439:
4436:
4432:
4429:
4426:
4422:
4419:
4416:
4412:
4409:
4406:
4402:
4399:
4396:
4392:
4388:
4384:
4381:
4380:
4378:
4374:
4367:
4363:
4359:
4356:
4353:
4349:
4345:
4342:
4341:
4339:
4337:
4336:PCA/Classical
4333:
4330:
4326:
4319:
4315:
4311:
4307:
4303:
4300:
4297:
4294:
4291:
4287:
4283:
4279:
4278:
4274:
4271:
4267:
4264:
4261:
4257:
4254:
4251:
4247:
4243:
4240:
4237:
4233:
4230:
4227:
4223:
4220:
4217:
4213:
4210:
4207:
4203:
4200:
4197:
4193:
4189:
4185:
4182:
4181:
4179:
4177:
4173:
4166:
4162:
4159:
4156:
4152:
4149:
4146:
4142:
4138:
4134:
4131:
4128:
4124:
4121:
4118:
4114:
4110:
4106:
4102:
4098:
4094:
4091:
4088:
4084:
4080:
4076:
4072:
4069:
4068:
4066:
4062:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4016:
4013:
4009:
4002:
3997:
3995:
3990:
3988:
3983:
3982:
3979:
3970:
3961:
3960:
3949:
3945:
3936:
3935:
3928:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3909:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3897:
3894:
3893:
3892:
3890:
3885:
3871:
3869:0-08-024094-1
3865:
3861:
3856:
3852:
3846:
3842:
3837:
3833:
3827:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3811:1-85744-266-0
3807:
3803:
3799:
3795:
3791:
3787:
3785:0-486-28674-6
3781:
3777:
3773:
3769:
3768:
3758:
3756:1-85744-342-X
3752:
3748:
3746:
3741:
3737:
3733:
3727:
3723:
3718:
3714:
3708:
3704:
3699:
3698:
3697:
3696:
3684:
3676:
3675:
3670:
3664:
3656:
3655:
3650:
3644:
3636:
3635:
3630:
3624:
3616:
3615:
3610:
3604:
3596:
3595:
3590:
3584:
3576:
3575:
3570:
3564:
3556:
3555:
3550:
3544:
3536:
3535:
3530:
3524:
3516:
3515:
3510:
3504:
3496:
3495:
3490:
3484:
3478:
3472:
3465:
3449:
3445:
3441:
3434:
3426:
3419:
3410:
3401:
3392:
3383:
3376:
3371:
3360:
3353:
3345:
3341:
3334:
3318:
3314:
3309:
3301:
3299:
3297:
3295:
3293:
3284:
3280:
3274:
3266:
3253:
3245:
3241:
3237:
3231:
3216:
3215:OlimpBase.org
3212:
3206:
3204:
3202:
3193:
3191:0-7134-6899-8
3187:
3183:
3176:
3168:
3162:
3157:
3149:
3143:
3138:
3136:
3134:
3125:
3121:
3114:
3106:
3101:, p. 18.
3100:
3095:
3093:
3084:
3078:
3070:
3064:
3056:
3051:, p. 22.
3050:
3045:
3043:
3034:
3029:, p. 21.
3028:
3023:
3015:
3009:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2988:
2986:
2977:
2975:0-671-22420-4
2971:
2967:
2963:
2957:
2949:
2947:0-7867-1411-5
2943:
2939:
2935:
2934:
2929:
2925:
2921:
2915:
2909:
2908:9780674033443
2905:
2901:
2895:
2889:
2885:
2881:
2875:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2855:
2848:
2844:
2838:
2836:
2834:
2829:
2813:
2804:
2797:
2793:
2788:
2779:
2773:
2762:
2758:
2754:
2749:
2745:
2735:
2732:
2731:
2721:
2715:
2707:
2705:1-85744-043-9
2701:
2697:
2692:
2688:
2682:
2678:
2673:
2669:
2663:
2659:
2654:
2650:
2644:
2636:
2630:
2626:
2621:
2617:
2611:
2607:
2602:
2598:
2592:
2588:
2583:
2579:
2577:1-85744-202-4
2573:
2569:
2565:
2564:
2558:
2554:
2548:
2544:
2539:
2535:
2530:
2526:
2524:1-888690-08-9
2520:
2516:
2511:
2510:
2499:
2495:
2492:
2489:
2488:
2484:
2480:
2475:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2462:
2459:
2456:
2455:
2449:
2446:
2443:
2442:
2438:
2435:
2432:
2431:
2427:
2424:
2421:
2420:
2416:
2413:
2412:
2408:
2401:
2396:
2393:
2392:
2388:
2385:
2382:
2381:
2377:
2368:
2363:
2360:
2359:
2353:
2350:
2347:
2346:
2342:
2339:
2336:
2335:
2331:
2328:
2327:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2300:
2297:
2296:
2292:
2291:Ulf Andersson
2288:
2286:
2283:
2282:
2276:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2255:
2252:
2251:
2247:
2244:
2243:
2239:
2236:
2233:
2228:
2224:
2217:
2214:
2211:
2210:
2206:
2203:
2200:
2195:
2192:
2189:
2188:
2184:
2181:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2170:
2165:
2161:
2158:
2153:
2150:
2147:
2146:
2142:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2124:
2121:
2118:
2117:
2113:
2110:
2107:
2104:
2103:
2099:
2096:
2093:
2088:
2085:
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1992:
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1701:
1696:
1691:
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1687:Boris Spassky
1683:
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1655:
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1547:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1537:Bobby Fischer
1532:
1527:
1525:
1523:
1517:
1512:
1510:
1508:
1502:
1497:
1496:
1494:
1482:
1479:Mikhail Tal,
1475:
1472:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1456:
1450:
1445:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1430:
1426:
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1411:
1410:Andrew Soltis
1407:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1359:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1342:counterattack
1337:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1301:
1297:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1262:
1259:Notable games
1256:
1254:
1250:
1249:Modern Benoni
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1229:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1218:Alexei Shirov
1214:
1210:
1207:
1201:
1195:
1191:
1185:
1183:
1179:
1172:Playing style
1169:
1167:
1163:
1158:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1143:
1141:
1137:
1136:chain smoking
1133:
1129:
1128:bohemian life
1120:
1112:
1103:
1099:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1080:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
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1010:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
984:
979:
977:
973:
969:
968:Robert Hübner
965:
961:
957:
952:
950:
945:
943:
937:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
914:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
891:Boris Spassky
888:
884:
880:
875:
873:
869:
865:
861:
852:
843:
841:
836:
833:
829:
825:
821:
816:
814:
810:
806:
802:
801:Bobby Fischer
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
769:
760:
758:
754:
750:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
722:
718:
716:
712:
708:
704:
699:
697:
692:
688:
684:
674:
672:
668:
667:Youth Theatre
663:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
644:Yuri Averbakh
641:
637:
633:
625:
621:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
595:
586:
583:
580:
577:
574:
571:
568:
565:
562:
560:
559:
555:
552:
551:
547:
544:
543:
539:
536:
535:
531:
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523:
520:
519:
515:
512:
511:
507:
504:
503:
499:
333:
332:
329:
326:
323:
320:
317:
314:
311:
308:
305:
303:
302:
294:
292:
291:United States
288:
284:
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276:
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268:
259:
247:
245:
241:
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70:
66:
62:
55:
50:
45:
42:
38:
34:
31: and the
30:
26:
22:
4756:Latvian Jews
4751:Russian Jews
4537:
4531:
4435:Kasimdzhanov
4275:
4225:
3957:
3932:
3881:
3862:. Pergamon.
3859:
3840:
3821:
3797:
3775:
3743:
3721:
3702:
3695:Bibliography
3694:
3693:
3683:
3672:
3663:
3652:
3643:
3632:
3623:
3612:
3603:
3592:
3583:
3572:
3563:
3552:
3543:
3532:
3523:
3512:
3503:
3492:
3483:
3464:
3452:. Retrieved
3448:the original
3433:
3424:
3423:James Eade.
3418:
3409:
3400:
3391:
3382:
3374:
3370:
3352:
3343:
3333:
3321:. Retrieved
3312:
3282:
3273:
3252:cite journal
3236:Horowitz, Al
3230:
3218:. Retrieved
3214:
3181:
3175:
3156:
3122:– via
3113:
3063:
3022:
3008:
2992:
2968:. Fireside.
2965:
2962:Evans, Larry
2956:
2932:
2914:
2899:
2894:
2879:
2874:
2859:
2854:
2846:
2842:
2812:
2803:
2795:
2792:Mihails Tals
2791:
2757:Mihails Tāls
2748:
2695:
2676:
2657:
2624:
2605:
2589:. Batsford.
2586:
2562:
2542:
2533:
2514:
2494:Buenos Aires
2216:Wijk aan Zee
1951:Leipzig 1960
1772:
1757:
1742:
1727:
1712:
1700:Leonid Stein
1658:
1617:
1550:
1535:
1520:
1505:
1492:
1480:
1473:
1466:
1438:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:Grandmaster
1405:
1403:
1393:Joel Lautier
1374:Pirc Defence
1332:István Bilek
1230:
1215:
1211:
1186:
1175:
1162:ectrodactyly
1159:
1144:
1125:
1100:
1081:
1050:
1042:
1011:
1007:Estonian SSR
980:
953:
946:
938:
915:
907:Pahlavi Iran
876:
857:
838:His highest
837:
817:
774:
757:West Germany
723:
719:
715:Soviet Union
700:
680:
664:
630:
599:
283:World War II
264:
233:
223:
219:
201:
176:
175:
118:27 June 1992
81:(until 1991)
79:Soviet Union
41:
36:
29:Nekhemyevich
28:
4711:1992 deaths
4706:1936 births
4328:Split title
4298:(no result)
4024:Interregnum
3896:Mikhail Tal
3889:Mikhail Tal
3323:16 December
2507:Book titles
2448:West Berlin
2205:Skopje 1972
2098:Havana 1966
2056:Bent Larsen
2052:: (+4−1=3)
1901:Munich 1958
1619:Bent Larsen
1552:Efim Geller
1509:: +12−12=20
1434:Journalist:
1415:New Zealand
1243:and in the
1192:. He often
1122:Tal in 1961
1114:Tal in 1982
1018:Herceg Novi
1014:blitz chess
930:round-robin
922:Montpellier
899:Bent Larsen
868:Efim Geller
854:Tal in 1968
781:Switzerland
771:Tal in 1959
707:Grandmaster
602:Riga Palace
287:Netherlands
250:Early years
140:Grandmaster
58:Tal in 1962
47:Mikhail Tal
33:family name
4700:Categories
4425:Ponomariov
4127:Capablanca
4050:Interzonal
3712:9056912933
3220:24 October
3001:0786412968
2928:Emms, John
2924:Nunn, John
2888:0713502045
2868:0674062329
2824:References
2796:Mihail Tal
2686:0713655968
2667:008024145X
2634:0080241328
2615:0671242628
2552:0713481382
2479:Saint John
2301:Tallinn –
2169:Kapfenberg
2032:Kislovodsk
1986:Varna 1962
1776:: +10−2=22
1621:: +12−7=18
1607:: +4−13=27
1592:Paul Keres
1524:: +12−8=19
1365:king chase
1206:James Eade
1194:sacrificed
1147:hemorrhage
1034:Saint John
942:Ding Liren
934:Jan Timman
840:Elo rating
789:Paul Keres
734:Interzonal
652:Literature
229:Ding Liren
208:diminutive
122:1992-06-28
102:1936-11-09
25:patronymic
4405:Khalifman
4296:1984–1985
4250:Petrosian
4236:Botvinnik
4216:Botvinnik
4196:Botvinnik
4097:1896–1897
4079:1890–1891
3747:, part II
3454:1 January
2772:romanized
2714:cite book
2643:cite book
2407:Pforzheim
2322:1978–1991
2308:Leningrad
2275:Nice 1974
2132:(+3−1=5)
2065:1966–1977
2058:(+3−2=5)
2027:Amsterdam
2022:Reykjavík
1962:Stockholm
1943:(+6−2=13)
1869:Reykjavík
1788:1950–1965
1761:: +3−1=11
1729:Pal Benko
1702:: +0−3=15
1689:: +6−9=27
1676:: +3−4=21
1662:: +9−5=18
1648:: +2−8=22
1635:: +4−5=35
1594:: +4−8=20
1568:: +0−1=19
1554:: +6−6=23
1384:miniature
1241:Caro-Kann
1237:Ruy Lopez
1151:esophagus
1040:by 3½–½.
887:Amsterdam
813:Pal Benko
654:from the
152:1960–1961
4675:Category
4645:Chess960
4635:Computer
4556:Olympiad
4352:Kasparov
4318:Kasparov
4165:Alekhine
4145:Alekhine
4087:Steinitz
4064:Pre-FIDE
3938:1960–61
3796:(2001).
3774:(1995).
3742:(2003).
3317:Archived
3244:72080175
3161:Kasparov
3142:Kasparov
3077:cite web
2964:(1970).
2930:(2004).
2882:, Bell,
2728:See also
2383:1981/82
2352:Montreal
2267:Novi Sad
2245:1973/74
2166:(+1−1=2)
2137:1969/70
2087:Sarajevo
2011:Hastings
2007:1963/64
1958:1960/61
1927:Belgrade
1746:: +4−0=3
1731:: +8−1=3
1716:: +3−1=5
1581:: +1−2=9
1539:: +4−2=5
1477:—
1444:Vasiukov
1400:Writings
1391:Tal vs.
1264:Tal vs.
1235:and the
1233:Sicilian
1199:material
1168:player.
1140:morphine
1088:Belgrade
1026:Brussels
956:Montreal
828:endgames
738:Portorož
218:". Both
131:, Russia
110:, Latvia
4640:Solving
4518:Carlsen
4470:Kramnik
4445:Topalov
4366:Kramnik
4270:Fischer
4260:Spassky
4206:Smyslov
3919:Awards
3124:YouTube
3049:Sosonko
3027:Sosonko
2849:, p. 6.
2761:Russian
2753:Latvian
2498:Najdorf
2474:Chicago
2437:Jūrmala
2341:Tbilisi
2293:(+1=7)
2194:Sukhumi
2180:Tallinn
2141:Tbilisi
2109:Kharkiv
1997:Miskolc
1946:Hamburg
1852:Uppsala
1455:couplet
1295:endgame
1276:(E81),
1149:in the
1030:Belgium
1003:Tallinn
879:Curaçao
671:Russian
212:Mikhail
120: (
100: (
72:Country
4685:Portal
4630:Senior
4620:Junior
4395:Karpov
4290:Karpov
4117:Lasker
3866:
3847:
3828:
3808:
3782:
3753:
3728:
3709:
3242:
3188:
2999:
2972:
2944:
2906:
2886:
2866:
2763::
2702:
2683:
2664:
2631:
2612:
2593:
2574:
2549:
2521:
2485:: 1st
2426:Albena
2400:Erevan
2367:Málaga
2257:Lublin
1923:Zagreb
1914:Zürich
1357:centre
1092:London
1075:, and
960:Canada
926:France
903:Sousse
870:, and
832:kidney
811:, and
777:Zürich
753:Munich
709:, but
696:Sweden
640:Master
267:Jewish
242:. The
240:Russia
236:Moscow
189:genius
142:(1957)
129:Moscow
87:(1992)
85:Latvia
23:, the
4625:Youth
4615:Women
4588:Blitz
4561:Rapid
4492:Anand
4415:Anand
3963:1988
3362:(PDF)
2740:Notes
2490:1991
2470:1988
2457:1987
2444:1986
2433:1985
2422:1984
2414:1983
2394:1982
2361:1981
2348:1979
2337:1978
2329:Year
2303:Keres
2298:1977
2284:1976
2262:Halle
2253:1974
2232:Dubna
2223:Sochi
2212:1973
2190:1972
2176:1971
2157:Sochi
2148:1970
2119:1968
2105:1967
2083:1966
2072:Year
2042:1965
2018:1964
1993:1963
1980:1962
1969:1961
1934:1960
1908:1959
1896:Varna
1881:1958
1859:1957
1846:1956
1838:1955
1828:1954
1817:1953
1806:1950
1795:Year
1182:blitz
1166:piano
1032:) at
648:drawn
275:Paris
206:", a
204:Misha
181:chess
136:Title
4655:2022
4650:2019
4603:2023
4598:2022
4593:2021
4581:2023
4576:2022
4571:2021
4566:2019
4539:2026
4533:2024
4528:Ding
4524:2023
4514:2021
4510:2018
4506:2016
4502:2014
4498:2013
4488:2012
4484:2010
4480:2008
4476:2007
4466:2006
4459:FIDE
4441:2005
4431:2004
4421:2002
4411:2000
4401:1999
4391:1998
4387:1996
4383:1993
4376:FIDE
4362:2004
4358:2000
4348:1995
4344:1993
4314:1990
4310:1987
4306:1986
4302:1985
4286:1981
4282:1978
4277:1975
4266:1972
4256:1969
4246:1966
4242:1963
4232:1961
4222:1960
4212:1958
4202:1957
4192:1954
4188:1951
4184:1948
4176:FIDE
4161:1937
4155:Euwe
4151:1935
4141:1934
4137:1929
4133:1927
4123:1921
4105:1908
4101:1907
4093:1894
4083:1892
4075:1889
4071:1886
3864:ISBN
3845:ISBN
3826:ISBN
3806:ISBN
3780:ISBN
3751:ISBN
3726:ISBN
3707:ISBN
3456:2008
3325:2020
3265:help
3240:LCCN
3222:2013
3186:ISBN
3167:help
3148:help
3105:help
3083:link
3055:help
3033:help
2997:ISBN
2970:ISBN
2942:ISBN
2904:ISBN
2884:ISBN
2864:ISBN
2783:IPA:
2720:link
2700:ISBN
2681:ISBN
2662:ISBN
2649:link
2629:ISBN
2610:ISBN
2591:ISBN
2572:ISBN
2547:ISBN
2519:ISBN
2387:Porz
2376:Lviv
2238:Bath
2199:Baku
2152:Poti
2123:Gori
1973:Bled
1919:Bled
1810:Riga
1440:Tal:
1406:Šahs
1224:and
1134:and
1077:1982
1073:1980
1069:1974
1065:1972
1061:1966
1057:1962
1053:1960
999:1978
995:1974
991:1972
987:1967
897:and
860:Bled
746:13th
711:FIDE
222:and
216:Riga
210:for
115:Died
108:Riga
95:Born
4530:),
4226:Tal
3099:Tal
2794:or
1457:by
1289:0–1
1278:1–0
694:in
604:of
594:0–1
37:Tal
35:is
27:is
4702::
4536:,
4512:,
4508:,
4504:,
4500:,
4486:,
4482:,
4478:,
4389:,
4385:,
4360:,
4346:,
4312:,
4308:,
4304:,
4284:,
4280:,
4244:,
4190:,
4186:,
4139:,
4135:,
4111:,
4107:,
4103:,
4099:,
4095:,
4081:,
4077:,
4073:,
3804:.
3800:.
3671:.
3651:.
3631:.
3611:.
3591:.
3571:.
3551:.
3531:.
3511:.
3491:.
3442:.
3342:.
3315:.
3311:.
3291:^
3281:.
3256::
3254:}}
3250:{{
3213:.
3200:^
3132:^
3091:^
3079:}}
3075:{{
3041:^
2984:^
2940:.
2926:;
2922:;
2832:^
2781:,
2769:,
2759:;
2755::
2716:}}
2712:{{
2645:}}
2641:{{
2570:.
2566:.
2496:–
2481:–
2225:–
1461::
1376:,
1324:,
1272:,
1094:,
1071:,
1067:,
1063:,
1059:,
1055:,
1028:,
1005:,
997:,
993:,
989:,
974:,
970:,
966:,
881:,
807:,
803:,
795:,
779:,
759:.
755:,
740:,
277:,
238:,
4526:(
4520:)
4516:(
4494:)
4490:(
4472:)
4468:(
4447:)
4443:(
4437:)
4433:(
4427:)
4423:(
4417:)
4413:(
4407:)
4403:(
4397:)
4393:(
4368:)
4364:(
4354:)
4350:(
4320:)
4316:(
4292:)
4288:(
4272:)
4268:(
4262:)
4258:(
4252:)
4248:(
4238:)
4234:(
4228:)
4224:(
4218:)
4214:(
4208:)
4204:(
4198:)
4194:(
4167:)
4163:(
4157:)
4153:(
4147:)
4143:(
4129:)
4125:(
4119:)
4115:(
4089:)
4085:(
4000:e
3993:t
3986:v
3953:—
3872:.
3853:.
3834:.
3814:.
3788:.
3759:.
3734:.
3715:.
3677:.
3657:.
3637:.
3617:.
3597:.
3577:.
3557:.
3537:.
3517:.
3497:.
3458:.
3346:.
3327:.
3285:.
3267:)
3263:(
3246:.
3224:.
3194:.
3169:)
3150:)
3126:.
3107:)
3085:)
3057:)
3035:)
3016:.
3003:.
2978:.
2950:.
2798:.
2774::
2722:)
2708:.
2689:.
2670:.
2651:)
2637:.
2618:.
2599:.
2580:.
2555:.
2527:.
1925:–
1921:–
1483:.
1388:.
1369:.
1310:.
958:(
924:(
584:a
581:b
578:c
575:d
572:e
569:f
566:g
563:h
556:8
553:8
548:7
545:7
540:6
537:6
532:5
529:5
524:4
521:4
516:3
513:3
508:2
505:2
500:1
334:1
327:a
324:b
321:c
318:d
315:e
312:f
309:g
306:h
124:)
104:)
39:.
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