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discovered, including chapters excluded from the final draft. The writing paper dates back to the 1920s: 605 pages are in
Sholokhov's own hand, and 285 are transcribed by his wife, Maria, and sisters. Sholokhov had had his friend Vassily Kudashov look after it, and after he was killed at war his widow took possession of the manuscript, but she never disclosed it. The manuscript was finally obtained by the
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630:, to investigate, and invited Sholokhov to visit him in the Kremlin. After their meeting, on 4 November 1937, Lugovoi and two other prisoners on whose behalf Sholokhov had interceded were released, but in a subsequent letter to Stalin, he complained that the people responsible for wrongfully arresting them had not been punished.
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along the Don, requesting assistance for the farmers. In
January 1931, he warned: "Comrade Stalin, without exaggeration, conditions are catastrophic!" On 4 April 1933, he sent a long letter in which, among many other details, he named two OGPU officers whom he accused of torturing prisoners from his
486:
and the plan of the fourth one. In 1929 a special commission was formed that accepted
Sholokhov's authorship. In the conclusion signed by four experts, the commission stated that there was no evidence of plagiarism on the one hand, and on the other hand the manuscripts' style was close to that of
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and no manuscript material or drafts were known. 143 pages of the manuscript of the 3rd & 4th books were later found and returned to
Sholokhov; since 1975, they have been held by the Pushkin House in St Petersburg. Then, in 1987, several hundred pages of notes and drafts of the work were
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626:. In August 1937, his best friend, the secretary of the Veshenskaya party committee, P.K. Lugovoi, was arrested. Sholokohov was due to take part in an international writers' conference, but he refused to leave the country while Lugovoi was being held. Stalin sent another official,
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Host. His father, a
Russian, Aleksander Mikhailovich Sholokhov (1865–1925), was a member of the lower middle class, at various times a farmer, a cattle trader, and a miller. Sholokhov's mother, Anastasia Danilovna Chernikova (1871–1942), the widow of a Cossack, came from
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by saying that the prison terms meted out to
Sinyavsky and Daniel had been much too lenient compared to the "revolutionary understanding of what is right" during the 1920s, which turned part of the Soviet intelligentsia against him and resulted in two open letters by
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377:, a collection of stories largely based on his personal experiences in his native region during World War I and the Russian Civil War; it was published in 1926. The story "Nakhalyonok", partly based on his own childhood, was later made into a popular film.
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and its sequel on 21 December 1939, the day when the USSR was celebrating what was supposedly Stalin's 60th birthday, and celebrated by opening a bottle of wine that Stalin had given him. He then wrote to Stalin to say how he had marked the special day.
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in 1930, and subsequently was one of very few people who dared to give the dictator a truthful account of what was happening in the country and nonetheless was not punished. In the 1930s, he wrote several letters to Stalin from his home in
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Sholokhov began writing at 17. He completed his first literary work, the short story "The
Birthmark", at 19. In 1922 Sholokhov moved to Moscow to become a journalist, but had to support himself through manual labour. He was a
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440:.During World War II, Sholokhov wrote about the Soviet war effort for various journals. He also covered the devastation caused by Wehrmacht troops along the Don. His mother was killed when Veshenskaya was bombed in 1942.
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362:(19 October 1923). In 1924 Sholokhov returned to Veshenskaya and devoted himself entirely to writing. In the same year he married Maria Petrovna Gromoslavskaia (1901–1992), the daughter of Pyotr Gromoslavsky, the
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as well as the other works attributed to him. Based on his own textual analysis of the novel he asserts that the manuscripts were written by
Sholokhov not earlier than 1929 and names the writer
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tended to be much poorer than the Don
Cossacks and were excluded from voting for officials in the Host government (the Don Cossack Host were allowed to elect their leaders, except for the
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had been written by
Sholokhov himself. A lengthy analysis by Felix Kuznetsov of the creative process visible in the papers provides detailed support for Sholokhov's authorship.
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523:, in a monograph written with three other colleagues, provided statistical analyses of sentence lengths showing that Mikhail Sholokhov was likely the true author of
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724:, then a head of the Central Committee Propaganda Department, and his article "Against Antihistoricism" which attacked Russian nationalism; this resulted in a
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739:. He was buried in the grounds of his house at the Vyoshenskaya stanitsa along with his wife Maria Petrovna Sholokhova (nee Gromoslavskaya, 1902—1992).
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2016:
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282:). She did not become literate until a time in her life when she wanted to correspond with her son. His family were not Don Cossacks, but
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286:("outlanders"), the rather disparaging term used by the Don Cossacks for outsiders who settled in their territory by the banks of the
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from 1922 to 1924, but he also intermittently participated in writers' "seminars". His first published work was a satirical article,
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1398:Письмо в редакцию // Правда. 1929. 29 марта. С. 4. (A Letter to the Editorial Office. Pravda, 1929, 29 March, p. 4.) (Russian)
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Fear and the Muse Kept Watch: The Russian Masters from Akhmatova and Pasternak to Shostakovich and Eisenstein Under Stalin
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During the 2000s a Russian-Israeli linguist Zeev Bar-Sella once again stated that Sholokhov was not the true author of
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First rumors of Sholokhov's supposed plagiarism appeared in 1928 following the success of the first two volumes of
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The debate focused on the published book, because Sholokhov's archive was destroyed in a bomb raid during the
1967:
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421:(1960), and reflects life during collectivization in the Don area. It was heralded as a powerful example of
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as a notable proponent, possibly in retaliation for Sholokhov's scathing opinion of Solzhenitsyn's novella
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Sholokhov's collected works were published in eight volumes between 1956 and 1960, and he was awarded the
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390:. It deals with the experiences of the Cossacks before and during World War I and the Russian Civil War.
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Sholokhov (left) with the Soviet ambassador Nikolai Belokhvostikov at the Nobel Prize ceremonies in 1965
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Revolution and its narratives : China's socialist literary and cultural imaginaries (1949-1966)
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and starring P. Glebov, L. Khityaeva, Z. Kirienko and E. Bystrltskaya, was produced in 1957–1958.
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Members of the Central Committee of the 26th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
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Members of the Central Committee of the 25th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
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Members of the Central Committee of the 24th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
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Members of the Central Committee of the 23rd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
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Members of the Central Committee of the 22nd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
1860:
Stalin, Josef (1 January 1995). Naumov, Oleg V.; Hlevnûk, Oleg Vitalʹevič; Lih, Lars T. (eds.).
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1958:
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Jubilee Medal "In Commemoration of the 100th Anniversary of the Birth of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin"
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newspaper to prove his authorship, submitting his manuscripts of the first three volumes of
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was translated and widely read in China, where it influenced China's socialist literature.
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at the age of 13. He spent the next few years fighting. During the Russian Civil War, the
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And Quiet Does not Flow the Don: Statistical Analysis of a Quarrel between Nobel Laureates
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And quiet does not flow the Don: statistical analysis of a quarrel between Nobel laureates
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2007:
Politicians Praise Soviet-Era Writer Mikhail Sholokhov’s Contribution to World Literature
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meeting and removal of Yakovlev from his position (he was then sent as an ambassador to
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Stalin's Scribe: Literature, Ambition, and Survival: The Life of Mikhail Sholokhov
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tended to support the Reds while the Don Cossacks tended to support the Whites.
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504:. Several other writers have been proposed as the 'original' author, although
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Major 20th-century writers: a selection of sketches from Contemporary authors
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Jubilee Medal "Thirty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945"
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Jubilee Medal "Twenty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945"
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Sholokhov almost stopped writing after 1969 and spent the late years at the
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is about World War II (known in the Soviet Union, and now in Russia, as the
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carried out an analysis of the manuscript and came to the conclusion that
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Medal "For the Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945"
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sculptures in the Vyoshenskaya stanitsa and Rostov-on-Don, respectfully.
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1991:
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Stalin's Loyal Executioner: People's Commissar Nikolai Ezhov, 1895–1940
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1986:
633:
On a visit to Moscow in 1938, Sholokhov met Yevgenia Yezhova, wife of
151:
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on a trip to Europe and the United States. He became a member of the
472:: it was speculated that the author stole the manuscript from a dead
347:
1518:(editor—Østreng W.) 134–140 (Oslo: Centre for Advanced Study at the
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First convocation members of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union
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401:(in the seat of the turret gunner). Western Front, September 1941
275:
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Medal "For Valiant Labour in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945"
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who headed the Host, who was always appointed by the Emperor).
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Sholokhov was born in the Russian Empire, in the "land of the
2017:
Stremya Tihogo Dona: Solzhenitsyn's accusations of plagiarism
717:
337:
1222:, and Other Stories, Articles, and Sketches, 1923–1963, 1967
3846:
Foreign members of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts
1899:
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615:
516:
who had died in 1920 has emerged as the leading candidate.
1602:
1204:
Sobranie Sochinenii, 1956–1958 – collected works (8 vols.)
413:, took 28 years to complete. It is composed of two parts,
2036:
1924:
Inside Gorbachev's Kremlin: The Memoirs Of Yegor Ligachev
1900:
Kjetsaa, Geir; Gustavsson, S; Beckman, B; Gil, S (1984).
1750:
Literaturnyĭ kotlovan : proekt "Pisatelʹ Sholokhov"
205:
11 May] 1905 – 21 February 1984) was a Russian
1906:. International Specialized Book Service Incorporated.
607:
district. Stalin reacted by sending a senior official,
1885:(1st ed.). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.
1642:
1590:
1614:
1452:
1249:
Sobranie Sochinenii, 1985 (collected works) (8 vols.)
1213:
Sobranie Sochinenii, 1962 – collected works (8 vols.)
543:
in 1999 with assistance from the Russian government.
2046:
Sholokhov: biography, photos, prose, critical essays
1883:
Russian literature under Lenin and Stalin, 1917-1953
1753:. Moskva: Rossiĭskiĭ gos. gumanitarnyĭ universitet.
1368:
1319:
397:
Writers Mikhail Sholokhov (in the drivers seat) and
3881:
Members of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts
1803:. Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press. pp.
1307:
1796:
1420:Новое о Михаиле Шолохове: Исследования и материалы
716:to take the family on a road trip over Europe and
735:Mikhail Sholokhov died on 21 February 1984, from
322:, and Veshenskaya until 1918, when he joined the
213:. He is known for writing about life and fate of
3797:
2012:Sholokhov Moscow State University for Humanities
1982:Nobel-winners.com's article on Michail Sholokhov
1549:"Подлинность рукописи "Тихого Дона" установлена"
1084:Moscow National Guard Presidential Cadets School
1046:Sholokhov Moscow State University for Humanities
572:
1780:. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
1342:. Rebecca E. Karl, Xueping Zhong, 钟雪萍. Durham:
3584:
1660:Quoted in Morson, Gary Saul (8 February 2019)
519:In 1984 Norwegian Slavicist and mathematician
370:village. They had two daughters and two sons.
3570:
2077:
494:The allegations resurfaced in the 1960s with
187:
3851:Full Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences
1410:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1301:Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary
1963:Sholokhov and the riddle of ‘The Quiet Don’
1551:. lenta.ru. 25 October 1999. Archived from
1416:Рукопись "Тихого дона" и проблема авторства
3577:
3563:
2084:
2070:
2054:
1971:, 24 May 2016 (originally published 1974).
1453:Chernyshova, Veronika (30 November 2006).
380:In the same year, Sholokhov began writing
31:
1746:
1724:
1722:
1573:
1401:
669:, and later became vice president of the
3826:20th-century Russian short story writers
1987:107 years of Sholokhov, from SovLit.net.
1920:
1775:
1713:
1704:№41, p. 16, 16 October 2005 (in Russian)
1520:Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters
1325:
1201:, and K. Alekseev, was produced in 1959.
1090:
576:
392:
336:
242:
1821:
1648:
1608:
1596:
278:stock (her father was a peasant in the
3798:
1880:
1863:Stalin's Letters to Molotov: 1925-1936
1859:
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1386:
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720:. In 1972 he became a vocal critic of
712:money to build a local school and his
645:In 1959 he accompanied Soviet Premier
594:about the appalling conditions in the
501:One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich
461:
229:, primarily in his most famous novel,
3558:
2065:
1683:№12, p. 22, 3 April 2015 (in Russian)
1531:Karamysheva, Lyudmila (25 May 2000).
1337:
844:Medal "For the Defence of Stalingrad"
786:(1939, 1955, 1965, 1967, 1975, 1980)
742:
196:
1921:Ligachev, Yegor (23 February 2018).
1840:
1434:Scammell, Michael (25 January 1998)
1313:
665:. He was twice awarded the title of
341:Mikhail Sholokhov and his wife, 1924
3916:Russian people of Ukrainian descent
1845:. Farmington Hills: Gale Research.
1424:Gorky Institute of World Literature
1262:
1237:Sobranie Sochinenii, 1975 (8 vols.)
13:
1942:
624:Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union
255:" – the Kruzhilin hamlet, part of
14:
3957:
1975:
1733:National Sholokhov Museum-Reserve
1694:Who and how spent his Nobel Prize
1060:National Sholokhov Museum-Reserve
859:Medal "For the Defence of Moscow"
661:in 1939, and was a member of the
3911:Russian male short story writers
3901:People of the Russian Revolution
1740:
1586:ФЭБ: Переписка – 1997 (описание)
1457:. exlibris.ng.ru. Archived from
1284:Mikhail Aleksandrovich Sholokhov
1207:Oni Srazhalis Za Rodinu, 1959 –
1148:Oni Srazhalis Za Rodinu, 1942 –
1137:Podnyataya Tselina, 1932–1960 –
1004:
985:
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926:
911:
896:
881:
866:
851:
836:
821:
806:
791:
775:
760:
755:
238:
184:Mikhail Aleksandrovich Sholokhov
150:
1903:The Authorship of The Quiet Don
1686:
1670:
1654:
1579:
1541:
1525:
1485:
1446:
1428:
1246:Collected Works, 1984 (8 vols.)
1106:Tikhii Don, 4 vol., 1928–1940 (
799:Order of the October Revolution
3906:Recipients of the Stalin Prize
1392:
1331:
1289:
303:Sholokhov attended schools in
211:1965 Nobel Prize in Literature
1:
3886:Nobel laureates in Literature
1968:The Times Literary Supplement
1778:Mikhail Sholokhov and his art
1256:
1209:They Fought for their Country
1165:Sudba Cheloveka, 1956–1957 –
1150:They Fought for Their Country
1119:The Don Flows Home to the Sea
1077:Grigory and Aksinya in a boat
696:
573:Political and social activity
537:Institute of World Literature
476:officer. Sholokhov asked the
445:They Fought for Their Country
443:Sholokhov's unfinished novel
162:Eastern Slavic naming customs
1436:BOOKEND; The Don Flows Again
1157:Hate / The Science of Hatred
959:Order of Cyril and Methodius
189:Михаил Александрович Шолохов
105:Novelist, short story writer
7:
3891:People from Don Host Oblast
1826:. New York: The New Press.
1233:At the Bidding of the Heart
993:Star of People's Friendship
541:Russian Academy of Sciences
487:Sholokhov's previous book,
373:Sholokhov's first book was
247:Sholokhov in the late 1930s
10:
3962:
3941:Soviet short story writers
3836:Heroes of Socialist Labour
2025:An interview with Bar-Sela
1533:РУКОПИСИ ВПРАВДУ НЕ ГОРЯТ!
1286:. Encyclopaedia Britannica
1226:Fierce and Gentle Warriors
814:Order of the Patriotic War
548:Russian Academy of Science
160:In this name that follows
159:
3921:Socialist realism writers
3896:People from Rostov Oblast
3821:20th-century male writers
3723:
3692:
3661:
3637:
3613:
3594:
3497:
3266:
3035:
2795:
2570:
2338:
2103:
2097:Nobel Prize in Literature
1866:. Yale University Press.
1776:Ermolaev, Herman (1982).
1455:"Ответ антишолоховедению"
1252:Sholokhov I Stalin, 1994.
1231:Po Veleniju Duši, 1970 –
1096:Donskie Rasskazy, 1925 –
1024:
934:Medal "Veteran of Labour"
456:Nobel Prize in Literature
188:
149:
144:
124:Nobel Prize in Literature
119:
109:
101:
73:
42:
30:
23:
1747:Bar-Sella, Zeev (2005).
1537:Trud (Russian newspaper)
1240:Rossiya V Serdtse, 1975.
1155:Nauka Nenavisti, 1942 –
1065:Monuments in Moscow and
978:Order of Georgi Dimitrov
693:addressed to Sholokhov.
659:USSR Academy of Sciences
618:in 1932, and in 1937 he
2001:On-line Sholokhov texts
1959:Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr
1662:"Collaborator Laureate"
1501:30 October 2008 at the
1338:Cai, Xiang; 蔡翔 (2016).
1128:three-part film version
1113:And Quiet Flows the Don
768:Hero of Socialist Labor
671:Union of Soviet Writers
667:Hero of Socialist Labor
639:And Quiet Flows the Don
559:And Quiet Flows the Don
552:And Quiet Flows the Don
525:And Quiet Flows the Don
484:And Quiet Flows the Don
469:And Quiet Flows the Don
436:" (1957) was made into
383:And Quiet Flows the Don
232:And Quiet Flows the Don
3936:Soviet Marxist writers
3926:Soviet Nobel laureates
3729:Nobel Prize recipients
3694:Physiology or Medicine
3059:Gabriel García Márquez
2912:Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
1822:McSmith, Andy (2015).
1677:Sinyavsky–Daniel trial
1513:5 October 2015 at the
1103:Lazorevaja Step, 1926.
678:Sinyavsky–Daniel trial
651:CPSU Central Committee
582:
569:) as the true author.
496:Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
438:a popular Russian film
402:
342:
248:
139:1941
133:1960
127:1965
3604:Robert Burns Woodward
3004:Isaac Bashevis Singer
2879:Miguel Ángel Asturias
2552:Frans Eemil Sillanpää
2283:Verner von Heidenstam
2138:Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson
1881:Struve, Gleb (1971).
1795:Jensen, Marc (2002).
1414:Kuznetsov, F. (2003)
1344:Duke University Press
1243:SLOVO O RODINE, 1980.
1162:Slovo O Rodine, 1951.
1091:Selected publications
770:, twice (1967, 1980)
614:Sholokhov joined the
580:
396:
340:
264:Administrative Region
246:
2530:Roger Martin du Gard
1841:Ryan, Bryan (1991).
1216:Early Stories, 1966.
1139:Virgin Soil Upturned
1058:was turned into the
1038:is named after him,
957:Grand Master of the
676:He commented on the
567:Veniamin Krasnushkin
427:Virgin Soil Upturned
407:Virgin Soil Upturned
3931:Soviet male writers
3433:Svetlana Alexievich
2775:Salvatore Quasimodo
2461:Erik Axel Karlfeldt
2395:George Bernard Shaw
2252:Rabindranath Tagore
2230:Maurice Maeterlinck
1692:Aleksei Torgashev.
1666:Wall Street Journal
1611:, pp. 207–209.
1480:Kjetsaa et al. 1984
1124:Quiet Flows the Don
1086:is named after him.
1073:Grigory and Aksinya
1012:Order of Sukhbaatar
816:, 1st class (1945)
663:USSR Supreme Soviet
462:Authorship of texts
449:Great Patriotic War
201:; 24 May [
3708:André Michel Lwoff
3671:Sin-Itiro Tomonaga
3378:Mario Vargas Llosa
3356:J. M. G. Le Clézio
3213:Wisława Szymborska
2993:Vicente Aleixandre
2864:Shmuel Yosef Agnon
2742:Juan Ramón Jiménez
2610:Johannes V. Jensen
2298:Henrik Pontoppidan
2164:Henryk Sienkiewicz
2053:on Nobelprize.org
1171:. A film version,
1143:Harvest on the Don
743:Honours and awards
722:Alexander Yakovlev
583:
489:Tales from the Don
419:Harvest on the Don
403:
388:State Stalin Prize
375:Tales from the Don
343:
249:
225:and the period of
219:Russian Revolution
209:and winner of the
198:[ˈʂoləxəf]
3806:Mikhail Sholokhov
3793:
3792:
3628:Mikhail Sholokhov
3552:
3551:
3510:Abdulrazak Gurnah
3389:Tomas Tranströmer
2890:Yasunari Kawabata
2853:Mikhail Sholokhov
2709:Winston Churchill
2384:Władysław Reymont
2362:Jacinto Benavente
2241:Gerhart Hauptmann
2051:Mikhail Sholokhov
1992:Mikhail Sholokhov
1934:978-0-429-97942-2
1913:978-0-391-02948-4
1873:978-0-300-06211-3
1833:978-1-59558-056-6
1814:978-0-8179-2902-2
1353:978-0-8223-7461-9
1346:. pp. xvii.
1220:One Man's Destiny
1183:Sergei Bondarchuk
1179:Sergei Bondarchuk
1051:His house at the
1022:
1021:
940:
939:
687:Lydia Chukovskaya
647:Nikita Khrushchev
609:Matvei Shkiryatov
434:The Fate of a Man
432:The short story "
423:socialist realism
415:Seeds of Tomorrow
409:, which earned a
399:Alexander Fadeyev
328:Russian Civil War
158:
157:
60:Donetsky district
37:Sholokhov in 1960
25:Mikhail Sholokhov
3953:
3946:Soviet novelists
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3677:Julian Schwinger
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2843:(declined award)
2841:Jean-Paul Sartre
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2786:Saint-John Perse
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2698:François Mauriac
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1948:Boeck, Brian J,
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1729:Official website
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1191:Zinaida Kirienko
1174:Destiny of a Man
1132:Sergei Gerasimov
1098:Tales of the Don
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737:laryngeal cancer
628:Vladimir Stavsky
532:Second World War
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280:Chernihiv oblast
262:, in the former
227:collectivization
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77:21 February 1984
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3704:(Great Britain)
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3683:Richard Feynman
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3015:Odysseas Elytis
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2830:Giorgos Seferis
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2191:
2186:Rudyard Kipling
2180:
2175:Giosuè Carducci
2169:
2158:
2143:
2132:
2127:Theodor Mommsen
2121:
2116:Sully Prudhomme
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2099:
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2019:
1978:
1945:
1943:Further reading
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1515:Wayback Machine
1503:Wayback Machine
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1461:on 18 July 2011
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1316:, p. 2716.
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1259:
1187:Pavlik Boriskin
1093:
1048:bears his name.
1027:
784:Orders of Lenin
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464:
405:Another novel,
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3702:François Jacob
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3455:Kazuo Ishiguro
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3114:Joseph Brodsky
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3026:Czesław Miłosz
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2956:Eyvind Johnson
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2901:Samuel Beckett
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2406:Grazia Deledda
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2351:Anatole France
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708:. He used his
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691:Yuri Galanskov
635:Nikolai Yezhov
585:Sholokhov met
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514:Anti-Bolshevik
506:Fyodor Kryukov
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186:(Russian:
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3725:
3722:
3715:
3714:Jacques Monod
3712:
3709:
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3703:
3700:
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3500:
3496:
3489:
3485:
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3478:
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3470:
3467:
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3459:
3456:
3452:
3448:
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3441:
3437:
3434:
3430:
3426:
3423:
3419:
3415:
3412:
3408:
3404:
3401:
3397:
3393:
3390:
3386:
3382:
3379:
3375:
3371:
3368:
3364:
3360:
3357:
3353:
3349:
3346:
3345:Doris Lessing
3342:
3338:
3335:
3331:
3327:
3324:
3323:Harold Pinter
3320:
3316:
3313:
3309:
3305:
3302:
3301:J. M. Coetzee
3298:
3294:
3291:
3287:
3283:
3280:
3279:V. S. Naipaul
3276:
3272:
3271:
3269:
3265:
3258:
3254:
3250:
3247:
3243:
3239:
3236:
3235:José Saramago
3232:
3228:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3214:
3210:
3206:
3203:
3202:Seamus Heaney
3199:
3195:
3192:
3188:
3184:
3181:
3180:Toni Morrison
3177:
3173:
3170:
3169:Derek Walcott
3166:
3162:
3159:
3155:
3151:
3148:
3144:
3140:
3137:
3133:
3129:
3126:
3122:
3118:
3115:
3111:
3107:
3104:
3100:
3096:
3093:
3089:
3085:
3082:
3078:
3074:
3071:
3067:
3063:
3060:
3056:
3052:
3049:
3048:Elias Canetti
3045:
3041:
3040:
3038:
3034:
3027:
3023:
3019:
3016:
3012:
3008:
3005:
3001:
2997:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2983:
2979:
2975:
2972:
2968:
2964:
2961:
2957:
2953:
2949:
2946:
2945:Patrick White
2942:
2938:
2935:
2934:Heinrich Böll
2931:
2927:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2913:
2909:
2905:
2902:
2898:
2894:
2891:
2887:
2883:
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2876:
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2869:
2865:
2861:
2857:
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2809:
2805:
2801:
2800:
2798:
2794:
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2779:
2776:
2772:
2768:
2765:
2761:
2757:
2754:
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2746:
2743:
2739:
2735:
2732:
2728:
2724:
2721:
2717:
2713:
2710:
2706:
2702:
2699:
2695:
2691:
2688:
2684:
2680:
2677:
2673:
2669:
2666:
2662:
2658:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2644:
2640:
2636:
2633:
2632:Hermann Hesse
2629:
2625:
2622:
2618:
2614:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2599:
2594:
2590:
2585:
2581:
2576:
2575:
2573:
2569:
2561:
2556:
2553:
2549:
2545:
2542:
2541:Pearl S. Buck
2538:
2534:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2520:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2503:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2489:
2485:
2481:
2478:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2454:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2440:
2436:
2432:
2429:
2428:Sigrid Undset
2425:
2421:
2418:
2417:Henri Bergson
2414:
2410:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2396:
2392:
2388:
2385:
2381:
2377:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2363:
2359:
2355:
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2319:
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2307:
2302:
2299:
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2276:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2256:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2198:
2197:Rudolf Eucken
2194:
2190:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2154:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2108:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2087:
2082:
2080:
2075:
2073:
2068:
2067:
2064:
2057:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2041:
2038:
2034:
2031:
2026:
2023:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1979:
1970:
1969:
1964:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1946:
1936:
1930:
1927:. Routledge.
1926:
1925:
1919:
1915:
1909:
1905:
1904:
1898:
1894:
1888:
1884:
1879:
1875:
1869:
1865:
1864:
1858:
1854:
1848:
1844:
1839:
1835:
1829:
1825:
1820:
1816:
1810:
1806:
1801:
1800:
1793:
1789:
1787:9780691629834
1783:
1779:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1760:5-7281-0816-4
1756:
1752:
1751:
1745:
1744:
1741:Cited sources
1734:
1730:
1725:
1723:
1715:
1714:Ligachev 2018
1710:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1689:
1682:
1678:
1673:
1667:
1663:
1657:
1650:
1645:
1638:
1634:
1629:
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1617:
1610:
1605:
1598:
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1528:
1521:
1517:
1516:
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1476:
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1437:
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1425:
1421:
1417:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1405:
1395:
1388:
1383:
1376:
1371:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1334:
1327:
1326:Ermolaev 1982
1322:
1315:
1310:
1303:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1285:
1280:
1278:
1276:
1274:
1272:
1270:
1268:
1266:
1261:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1181:and starring
1180:
1176:
1175:
1170:
1169:
1168:Fate of a Man
1164:
1161:
1158:
1154:
1151:
1147:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1120:
1115:
1114:
1109:
1108:The Quiet Don
1105:
1102:
1099:
1095:
1094:
1085:
1081:
1078:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1067:Rostov-on-Don
1064:
1061:
1057:
1054:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1028:
1017:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1003:
1002:
998:
994:
991:
988:
984:
983:
979:
976:
973:
969:
968:
964:
960:
956:
953:
949:
948:
942:
941:
935:
932:
929:
925:
924:
920:
917:
914:
910:
909:
905:
902:
899:
895:
894:
890:
887:
884:
880:
879:
875:
872:
869:
865:
864:
860:
857:
854:
850:
849:
845:
842:
839:
835:
834:
830:
827:
824:
820:
819:
815:
812:
809:
805:
804:
800:
797:
794:
790:
789:
785:
781:
778:
774:
773:
769:
766:
763:
758:
754:
753:
747:
746:
740:
738:
733:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
707:
704:
694:
692:
688:
683:
682:23rd Congress
679:
674:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
643:
640:
636:
631:
629:
625:
621:
617:
612:
610:
605:
604:
599:
598:
593:
588:
587:Joseph Stalin
579:
570:
568:
564:
563:Viktor Sevsky
560:
555:
553:
549:
544:
542:
538:
533:
528:
526:
522:
517:
515:
511:
507:
503:
502:
497:
492:
490:
485:
481:
480:
475:
471:
470:
459:
457:
452:
450:
446:
441:
439:
435:
430:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
400:
395:
391:
389:
385:
384:
378:
376:
371:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
339:
335:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
311:
306:
301:
299:
298:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
274:
269:
265:
261:
258:
254:
245:
239:Life and work
236:
234:
233:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
199:
185:
179:
175:
172: and the
171:
167:
163:
153:
148:
143:
137:
131:
125:
122:
118:
115:
112:
108:
104:
100:
97:
93:
89:
88:Rostov Oblast
85:
76:
72:
69:
65:
61:
57:
45:
41:
34:
29:
22:
19:
3831:Don Cossacks
3759:
3627:
3542:
3521:Annie Ernaux
3498:2021–present
3488:Louise Glück
3477:Peter Handke
3367:Herta Müller
3290:Imre Kertész
3257:Gao Xingjian
3246:Günter Grass
3191:Kenzaburō Ōe
3103:Wole Soyinka
3092:Claude Simon
2923:Pablo Neruda
2852:
2753:Albert Camus
2465:posthumously
2464:
2043:(in Russian)
2028:(in Russian)
2020:(in Russian)
1966:
1949:
1923:
1902:
1882:
1862:
1842:
1823:
1798:
1777:
1749:
1709:
1688:
1672:
1665:
1656:
1649:McSmith 2015
1644:
1628:
1616:
1609:McSmith 2015
1604:
1597:McSmith 2015
1592:
1581:
1569:
1557:. Retrieved
1553:the original
1543:
1527:
1506:
1487:
1475:
1463:. Retrieved
1459:the original
1448:
1439:
1430:
1419:
1394:
1382:
1370:
1339:
1333:
1328:, p. 9.
1321:
1309:
1299:
1291:
1232:
1225:
1219:
1208:
1195:Pavel Volkov
1172:
1166:
1156:
1149:
1142:
1138:
1123:
1117:
1111:
1107:
1097:
1053:Vyoshenskaya
997:East Germany
748:Soviet Union
734:
703:Vyoshenskaya
700:
675:
644:
638:
632:
613:
601:
595:
584:
558:
556:
551:
546:In 1999 the
545:
529:
524:
521:Geir Kjetsaa
518:
499:
493:
488:
483:
477:
467:
465:
453:
444:
442:
431:
426:
418:
414:
406:
404:
381:
379:
374:
372:
368:Bukanovskaya
363:
359:
344:
331:
326:side in the
302:
295:
291:
283:
260:Vyoshenskaya
250:
230:
215:Don Cossacks
183:
182:
177:
169:
136:Stalin Prize
96:Soviet Union
92:Russian SFSR
84:Vyoshenskaya
79:(1984-02-21)
56:Vyoshenskaya
18:
3816:1984 deaths
3811:1905 births
3587:Nobel Prize
3411:Alice Munro
3334:Orhan Pamuk
3147:Octavio Paz
2982:Saul Bellow
2868:Nelly Sachs
2654:T. S. Eliot
2439:Thomas Mann
2373:W. B. Yeats
2329:Knut Hamsun
1716:, p. .
1696:article at
1679:article at
1635:, pp.
1633:Jensen 2002
1621:Stalin 1995
1576:, p. .
1508:Consilience
1492:Hjort N. L.
1482:, p. .
1389:, p. .
1387:Struve 1971
1375:Struve 1971
1296:"Sholokhov"
1199:Yuri Avelin
1126:(1966). A
980:(Bulgaria)
714:Nobel Prize
655:Academician
620:was elected
592:Veshenskaya
565:(real name
417:(1932) and
411:Lenin Prize
332:inogorodnye
308: [
305:Karginskaya
292:inogorodyne
284:inogorodnye
268:Don Cossack
217:during the
174:family name
130:Lenin Prize
110:Nationality
53:24 May 1905
3800:Categories
3615:Literature
2808:Ivo Andrić
2643:André Gide
2488:Ivan Bunin
2219:Paul Heyse
1852:0810379155
1805:166159–160
1698:Kommersant
1681:Kommersant
1637:166159–160
1465:12 October
1422:. Moscow:
1257:References
697:Late years
474:White Army
356:accountant
352:stonemason
166:patronymic
102:Occupation
49:1905-05-24
3596:Chemistry
3589:laureates
3532:Jon Fosse
3444:Bob Dylan
3267:2001–2020
3036:1981–2000
2796:1961–1980
2571:1941–1960
2339:1921–1940
2104:1901–1920
2093:Laureates
2003:(Russian)
1494:(2007), "
1362:932368688
1314:Ryan 1991
1122:(1940);
1036:main-belt
726:Politburo
653:in 1961,
603:sovkhozes
597:kolkhozes
458:in 1965.
354:, and an
348:stevedore
324:Bolshevik
273:Ukrainian
223:civil war
178:Sholokhov
145:Signature
3716:(France)
3710:(France)
3224:Dario Fo
1769:61489007
1511:Archived
1499:Archived
1141:(1935);
1116:(1934);
1056:stanitsa
1032:asteroid
1016:Mongolia
963:Bulgaria
706:stanitsa
360:The Test
320:Boguchar
257:stanitsa
253:Cossacks
207:novelist
3673:(Japan)
3663:Physics
2095:of the
1954:excerpt
1952:(2019)
1731:of the
1702:Ogoniok
1700:, from
1228:, 1967.
1145:(1960).
943:Foreign
936:(1974)
921:(1975)
906:(1965)
891:(1945)
876:(1945)
861:(1944)
846:(1942)
831:(1970)
801:(1972)
680:at the
657:of the
622:to the
539:of the
510:Cossack
276:peasant
266:of the
3652:UNICEF
3400:Mo Yan
1931:
1910:
1889:
1870:
1849:
1830:
1811:
1784:
1767:
1757:
1559:4 June
1360:
1350:
1025:Legacy
730:Canada
479:Pravda
364:ataman
316:Moscow
297:ataman
290:. The
221:, the
164:, the
114:Soviet
3760:1965
3639:Peace
3585:1965
718:Japan
312:]
3785:1970
3780:1969
3775:1968
3770:1967
3765:1966
3755:1964
3750:1963
3745:1962
3740:1961
3735:1960
3643:1965
3619:1965
3539:2024
3528:2023
3517:2022
3506:2021
3484:2020
3473:2019
3462:2018
3451:2017
3440:2016
3429:2015
3418:2014
3407:2013
3396:2012
3385:2011
3374:2010
3363:2009
3352:2008
3341:2007
3330:2006
3319:2005
3308:2004
3297:2003
3286:2002
3275:2001
3253:2000
3242:1999
3231:1998
3220:1997
3209:1996
3198:1995
3187:1994
3176:1993
3165:1992
3154:1991
3143:1990
3132:1989
3121:1988
3110:1987
3099:1986
3088:1985
3077:1984
3066:1983
3055:1982
3044:1981
3022:1980
3011:1979
3000:1978
2989:1977
2978:1976
2967:1975
2952:1974
2941:1973
2930:1972
2919:1971
2908:1970
2897:1969
2886:1968
2875:1967
2860:1966
2849:1965
2837:1964
2826:1963
2815:1962
2804:1961
2782:1960
2771:1959
2760:1958
2749:1957
2738:1956
2727:1955
2716:1954
2705:1953
2694:1952
2683:1951
2672:1950
2661:1949
2650:1948
2639:1947
2628:1946
2617:1945
2606:1944
2598:1943
2589:1942
2580:1941
2560:1940
2548:1939
2537:1938
2526:1937
2515:1936
2507:1935
2495:1934
2484:1933
2473:1932
2457:1931
2446:1930
2435:1929
2424:1928
2413:1927
2402:1926
2391:1925
2380:1924
2369:1923
2358:1922
2347:1921
2325:1920
2314:1919
2306:1918
2290:1917
2279:1916
2268:1915
2260:1914
2248:1913
2237:1912
2226:1911
2215:1910
2204:1909
2193:1908
2182:1907
2171:1906
2160:1905
2145:1904
2134:1903
2123:1902
2112:1901
1996:IMDb
1929:ISBN
1908:ISBN
1887:ISBN
1868:ISBN
1847:ISBN
1828:ISBN
1809:ISBN
1782:ISBN
1765:OCLC
1755:ISBN
1561:2013
1467:2010
1358:OCLC
1348:ISBN
1110:) –
1082:The
1075:and
782:Six
689:and
616:CPSU
600:and
512:and
508:, a
350:, a
203:O.S.
194:IPA:
74:Died
43:Born
2037:PDF
1994:at
1965:".
1961:. "
1505:",
1034:in
1030:An
732:).
451:).
366:of
288:Don
176:is
168:is
3802::
3541::
3530::
3519::
3508::
3486::
3475::
3464::
3453::
3442::
3431::
3420::
3409::
3398::
3387::
3376::
3365::
3354::
3343::
3332::
3321::
3310::
3299::
3288::
3277::
3255::
3244::
3233::
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