1694:. 190th Brigade was in support behind 189th Bde, with 4th Bedfords in its second line. 189th Brigade successfully overran the German front system of trenches. Thereafter confusion set in, with troops attempting to move onto the next objectives through fog, shellholes and waterlogged communication trenches. By 06.30 the results were patchy: some parties were in the German support and reserve lines, in other places the front line had not been secured. 190th Brigade was ordered forward at 06.45, and 4th Bedfords sustained heavy casualties from a strongpoint between the German first and support lines that had been missed by the leading waves. The battalion got into the support line and pushed patrols forward to Station Road. At the end of the day a mixed force of 63rd (RN) Division was just short of the second objective in front of
910:
2288:
2057:
fire, and the survivors of C Company withdrew to avoid being surrounded. By the end of the day the battalion was back in Red Cut, the only suitable defensive position against counter-attacks. The CO blamed the failure on the cancellation of 21st
Division's supporting attack, and wrote bitterly that if the requested tanks had been available a single battalion could have achieved the objectives. 7th Royal Fusiliers alongside 4th Bedfords had been virtually destroyed and their regimental historian described the operation as 'a disastrous day'. On 28 August 4th Bedfords marched out to Miraumont and 190th Bde did not take part in the division's next few operations.
2042:. The two attacking brigades were held up and 190th Bde in support was sent to secure the right flank, which was exposed to machine gun fire. Next day the attack was renewed, with 4th Bedfords formed up 700 yards (640 m) behind the attacking brigades, but they failed to make progress. At 11.00 on 27 August 63rd (RN) Division made another attempt on Thilloy and Ligny Thilloy. This time 190th Bde was to lead the attack and 4th Bedfords formed up in a sunken road known as 'Red Cut'. The barrage at Zero fell short, causing casualties among the assembled troops, who ran into machine gun fire as soon as they left Red Cut, especially from the right flank where
1894:, the last remaining gain from the Battle of Cambrai. This was recognised as being vulnerable, so was only held by the outpost line, the main battle zone being a shorter line further back. 4th Bedfords were in the support line when the German bombardment began at 04.00 on 21 March and their infantry attacked out of the morning fog. The outpost line was quickly captured, and 190th Bde fell back to the second line defences. Early next morning it began withdrawing from the salient, with 4th Bedfords going back to Havrincourt Wood. This was part of the British 'Green Line', but the trenches were barely started, being only 2 feet (0.61 m) deep, with no
71:
2023:). The battalion found the march-in difficult because the road was blocked by lorries and tanks. Zero hour was 04.55 on 21 August, and the leading formations found themselves attacking through a thick fog; by the time 63rd (RN) Division advanced (4th Bedfords moved off at 05.25) the fog was thickened by smoke and the advance became confused. However, the battalion advanced astride a convenient trench to maintain direction, with the support of five tanks. They dealt with parties of the enemy who had been missed by the leading formations, then found that the attack had been held up short of the objective (the
1806:
1773:
1442:
952:
1945:, and that night they began advancing out of the town. 190th Brigade was alerted to counter-attack at 03.00 on 27 March, and 4th Bedfords took up positions east of Albert. At 07.30 it attacked the railway with good artillery support, but was driven back shortly after 10.00. The Germans secured a foothold in Aveluy Wood but were halted when 190th Bde was brought up again. By now the brigade was too weak to counter-attack, and the fighting died down. Lieutenant-Col Collings-Wells was killed during the battalion's attack and was later awarded a posthumous
1646:
1741:
84:
102:
1344:
58:
2091:, where it trained and reorganised. Lieutenant-Col C.C. Harman replaced Lt-Col Hayward as CO of 4th Bedfords. The advance was now turning into a pursuit through Belgium, and the division joined in during November. On the afternoon of 8 November 4th Bedfords took the lead, attacking towards Blaregnies and driving the enemy into the village. The battalion captured Blaregnies at 07.00 next morning and pushed on through
1791:) the battered 4th Bedfords and 7th RF formed a composite battalion under the command of Collings-Wells. The attack by 188th Bde and 1st HAC on 28 April failed, and for its renewal next day the only reinforcement available was the composite battalion: 1st HAC and this battalion recaptured a strongpoint won and lost the previous day, and then 'bombed' their way forward through the German defences to get in touch with
1240:, enacted during a period of international tension. As before, units were raised and administered on a county basis, and filled by voluntary enlistment. Training was for 56 days on enlistment, then for 21–28 days per year, during which the men received full army pay. Under the Act, Militia units could be embodied by Royal Proclamation for full-time home defence service in three circumstances:
2146:') were quickly formed at the regimental depots. The SR battalions also swelled with new recruits and were soon well above their establishment strength. On 8 October 1914 each SR battalion was ordered to use the surplus to form a service battalion of the 4th New Army ('K4'). Accordingly, the 4th (Extra Reserve) Bn formed the 10th (Service) Bn of the Bedfords at
758:. This had been garrisoned and fortified by the Royalists in December 1643 to block Parliamentary supplies travelling down the Thames. Of the three TB regiments that Hertfordshire now maintained for Parliament, one commanded by Colonel Mitchell saw service at the short Siege of Greenland House. After Browne captured the place on 11 July he went to garrison
1834:, and next day part of 63rd (RN) Division tried to advance up the valley of the Lekkerboterbeek stream through knee-deep mud. It tried again on 30 October, this time on higher ground above the Lekkerboterbeek. 190th Brigade attacked at 05.50, with 4th Bedfords in the centre, 7th RF on its left and 1st Artists Rifles on its right. Although the adjacent
2027:–Miraumont railway). 190th Brigade was ordered to consolidate the line achieved. Next morning 4th Bedfords drove back some parties of Germans but the adjacent 7th RF found their positions turned by a strong counter-attack and had a stiff fight. Arrangements to air-drop ammunition to the forward positions did not work well – it fell in
1871:. On 9 February the 4th Bedfords were reinforced by a draft of 11 officers and 299 ORs from the 8th (Service) Bn of the Bedfords, a Kitchener battalion that was being disbanded. However, on 13 March the battalion was heavily shelled with mustard gas and five officers and 264 ORs had to be evacuated suffering from the effects.
1906:, with 7th RF in support. The position rapidly grew critical, with heavy shellfire. Gaps were opening up in Third Army's line as neighbouring divisions fell back, and without further withdrawal 63rd (RN) Division's frontline troops were in danger of being cut off. That night the battalion fell back to the 'RE (
1326:
from
December 1875. This assigned regular and militia units to places in an order of battle of corps, divisions and brigades for the 'Active Army', even though these formations were entirely theoretical, with no staff or services assigned. The Hertfordshire Militia were assigned to 2nd Brigade of 3rd
1258:
as Lord
Lieutenant of Hertfordshire called for some 450 volunteers and the new battalion did its first training in November that year, later building up to an establishment of 30 officers and 825 other ranks. Hatfield was established as the HQ, and the Marquess of Salisbury built an office, store and
1107:
Although the volunteer corps had been reformed after the resumption of the war, their quality varied widely and their numbers steadily declined. One of the chief reasons to join was to avoid the militia ballot. They were supplemented from 1808 by the Local
Militia, which were part-time and only to be
2283:
The militia order of precedence balloted for in 1793 (Hertfordshire was 44th) remained in force throughout the French
Revolutionary War. Another ballot for precedence took place in 1803 at the start of the Napoleonic War, when Hertfordshire was 33rd. This order continued until 1833. In that year the
1641:
as second-in-command. Collings-Wells had been commissioned into the 4th (Hertfordshire
Militia) Bn on 17 September 1904 and promoted to captain on 3 January 1907. He went to France as a reinforcement for the 2nd (Regular) Bn on 6 November 1914 and had been wounded on 12 January 1915 and evacuated to
882:
a series of
Militia Acts from 1757 re-established the county militia regiments, raised by conscription by means of parish ballots, or paid substitutes, to serve for three years. Hertfordshire's quota was set at 560 men in one regiment. There was considerable opposition to the militia ballot: in many
1000:
in
February, still under the command of the Marquess of Salisbury. During the French Wars the militia were employed anywhere in the country for coast defence, manning garrisons, guarding prisoners of war, and for internal security, while the regulars regarded them as a source of trained men if they
983:
having ended the
American war, the Hertfordshire Militia was disembodied in October 1783. To help his discharged men re-enter civilian life, the Earl of Salisbury employed 200 of them on the improvements he was making to his Hatfield estate. From 1784 to 1792 the militia were assembled for their 28
901:
for its cap badge) but this spelling was never officially recognised.) At first the regiment was dispersed across a number of locations and to do his rounds the regimental surgeon had to cover 36 miles (58 km). After serving in home defence for two years the regiment was disembodied in
January
2284:
King drew the lots for individual regiments and the resulting list remained in force with minor amendments until the end of the militia. The regiments raised before the peace of 1763 took the first 47 places; Hertfordshire was placed at 30th, and this was retained when the list was revised in 1855
2056:
hour bombardment by heavy artillery and following a renewed field gun barrage. Again, some of the heavy shells fell short, causing casualties among B Company in the centre. Some of C Company on the left went right through Thilloy, but the battalion's centre and right were again held up by flanking
290:
of Hertfordshire served during times of international tension and all of Britain's major wars. They provided internal security and home defence but sometimes operated further afield, including Ireland, relieving regular troops from routine garrison duties, and acted as a source of trained officers
1838:
was successful, 190th Bde was held up by the boggy ground of the Paddebeek stream and could only advance 150–200 yards (140–180 m). Men lay out in the mud all day and the next night until the battalion was relieved at 19.00 on 31 October having suffered 54 killed, 157 wounded and 23 missing.
1293:
of permanent staff (about 30) and a number of the officers were former regulars. Around a third of the recruits and many young officers went on to join the Regular Army. During its two years of embodied service the Hertfordshire Militia provided seven commissioned officers and 500 recruits to the
1059:
In a fresh attempt to have as many men as possible under arms for home defence in order to release regulars, the Government created the Supplementary Militia, a compulsory levy of men to be trained in their spare time, and to be incorporated in the Militia in emergency. Hertfordshire's additional
2237:
bore the coat of arms of the county of Hertfordshire on a buff field. The uniform of all three Local Militia battalions was also red with buff facings. When the Bedfordshire Regiment was formed in 1881 the 4th Battalion gave up its former buff facings and adopted the standard white facings of an
1174:
There was a mutiny of the Hertfordshire Local Militia at St Albans in 1810 when the men demanded extra pay while training. They broke open the local prison but the ringleaders were caught and five of them received sentences of between 100 and 150 lashes. The Local Militia was stood down in 1814.
947:
had to be sent back to the county to find recruits. By December the regiment had dispersed to eight (soon to be 12) different winter quarters across Kent, and Lord Cranbourne was faced with the problem of training almost a complete new regiment after the previous men's terms of service ended. He
2253:
superimposed on an eight-pointed star, in the centre of which was the hart crossing a ford. A similar design was used for the cap badge adopted in 1898, with the addition of a garter around the central device, and a scroll with the regiment's title. The collar badge was also the hart in a ford.
637:
attempted to reform them into a national force or 'Perfect Militia' answering to the king rather than local control. By 1638 the Hertfordshire Trained Bands mustered 750 muskets and 750 pikemen, with 27 lancers and 53 light horsemen. The trained bands including the Hertfordshire contingent were
2262:
In September 1759 it was ordered that militia regiments on service were to take precedence from the date of their arrival in camp. In 1760 this was altered to a system of drawing lots where regiments did duty together. During the War of American Independence the counties were given an order of
749:
on 2 July the King was already 30 miles (48 km) away. By now Waller's original LTB brigade was deserting for home, and the Essex TBs began to join them, while the Hertfordshire men complained bitterly of their poor quarters. On 6 July Browne was wounded in the face when he confronted his
1540:
and took up their war station in the Harwich garrison. The Marquess of Salisbury (formerly Viscount Cranborne) was still officially in command of the 4th Bn at the time. At Felixstowe the SR battalions carried out the dual tasks of garrison duty and preparing reinforcement drafts of regular
1394:
in December 1899, most of the regular army was sent to South Africa, and many militia units were called out to replace them for home defence. The 4th Bedfords were embodied on 16 January 1900 and volunteered for service in South Africa. The battalion embarked on 27 February in the transport
686:
was named as a suitable person to command the men of Hertfordshire. Once open war broke out in 1642 neither side made much use of the trained bands beyond securing the county armouries for their own full-time troops. Hertfordshire's TBs saw more service than most. The county was included in
1215:
there was another long peace. Although officers continued to be commissioned into the militia and ballots were still held, the regiments were rarely assembled for training (only in 1820, 1821, 1825 and 1831) and the permanent staffs of sergeants and drummers were progressively reduced. The
1653:
The reformed division, both veteran units and newly-joined ones such as the SR battalions, was thoroughly trained for operations on the Western Front, with companies of 4th Bedfords attached to the Hawke and Hood (RN) battalions for their first tours of duty in the front line at
818:
under the control of the king's lords-lieutenant, the men to be selected by ballot. This was popularly seen as the 'Constitutional Force' to counterbalance a 'Standing Army' tainted by association with the New Model Army that had supported Cromwell's military dictatorship.
2376:
It is incorrect to describe the British Militia as 'irregular': throughout their history they were equipped and trained exactly like the line regiments of the regular army, and once embodied in time of war they were fulltime professional soldiers for the duration of their
1060:
quota was fixed at 500 men, bringing the establishment of its regiment up to 1060. In May 1800 the regiment was stationed in the St Albans area to take part in a Royal Review at Hatfield, after which it moved to Colchester. In July 1801 it was sent to guard the great
930:
near Maidstone in Kent, which was the army's largest training camp, where the completely raw Militia were exercised as part of a division alongside Regular troops while providing a reserve in case of French invasion of South East England. The Hertfordshires under Col
1698:. The battalion had lost 57 killed and died of wounds, 108 wounded and 16 missing. Next morning the barrage was renewed at 06.20 and the division was able to complete the capture of Beaucourt, with 4th Bedfords providing carrying parties to take
1862:
Wood when Germans attacked again on 30 December and was moved up to the line at one hour's notice, moving into the front line next day, where it suffered a few casualties while 1st Artists Rifles and 7th RF made a bloody counter-attack towards
896:
on 5 March 1759. It was embodied for service on 11 October that year. (From 1759 to its transfer to the Special Reserve in 1908, the regiment styled itself the 'Hartfordshire Militia', reflecting the correct pronunciation (and its choice of a
2099:. On 10 November the battalion moved to Bougnies and began an attack on Asquillies, which it had captured by 09.00. It then moved on to Nouvelles and consolidated east of the village. 63rd (RN) Division had now secured the high ground beyond
1642:
the UK. He was promoted to temporary major on 30 January 1916 and was serving as commander of A Company in 4th Bn when it landed in France in July 1916. Collings-Wells took over command of the battalion as acting Lt-Col on 20 October 1916.
1183:
The 'Interchange Act' passed in July 1811 allowed English militia regiments to serve in Ireland for two years, and the Hertfordshires volunteered accordingly. The regiment embarked in September that year, being stationed at Castle Barracks,
887:
the magistrates argued with the bomb for several hours before adjourning and surrendering the lists they had made. At Hertford the meeting was undisturbed, but people threatened to tear down the magistrates' houses if they made any more. At
1910:) Dump' north of Ytres as the retreat continued: all the ammunition dumps and stores had been set alight and blazed all night. On 24 March the division was ordered to fall back once more. It retired over the old Somme battlefields through
1294:
Regulars. The Militia Reserve introduced in 1867 consisted of present and former militiamen who undertook to serve overseas in case of war. During its training in 1869 the regiment was part of a militia brigade paraded for inspection at
1757:. It stood fast on the opening day (9 April), and remained in reserve until 14 April when 4th Bedfords went up to the line by motor buses. Next day the battalion suffered almost 60 casualties in a reconnaissance towards the village of
1108:
used within their own districts. If their ranks could not be filled voluntarily the militia ballot was employed. Three regiments were organised in Hertfordshire, largely from the existing volunteers units, and commanded by the local
1636:
After a few weeks in France, Lt-Col R.P. Croft (who had been a major when the battalion mobilised in 1914) was relieved as CO on 4 September and replaced by Maj A.E. Greenwell (the senior captain in 1914), with Capt (acting Maj)
1918:, where 4th Bedfords stopped overnight. On 25 March, thinking that the British were on the run, the Germans attacked in masses and were shot down in large numbers on the slopes. However, 4th Bedfords had to be sent back through
1968:) the enemy attacked the division's positions at dawn on 5 April. 4th Bedfords maintained their positions despite being heavily shelled, but 7th RF were driven back and a gap opened up on 6 April until a counter-attack by the
2154:. On 10 April 1915 the War Office decided to convert the K4 battalions into reserve units, providing drafts for the K1–K3 battalions in the same way that the SR was doing for the Regular battalions. The battalion became
583:
in 1569. Although the militia obligation was universal, this assembly confirmed that it was clearly impractical to train and equip every able-bodied man. After 1572 the practice was to select a proportion of men for the
2300:
There is a memorial tablet on the wall of the public library in Old Cross, Hertford, to the men of the town who volunteered for service in the Second Boer War with the 4th Bn Bedfordshire Regiment, '(Harts Militia)'
1461:'s column for most of 1901, taking part in many engagements. At the end of the war the battalion returned home and was disembodied on 11 June 1902. It had lost 32 ORs killed or died of disease during the campaign.
1725:(17–18 February), but 4th Bedfords had suffered 68 killed, 90 wounded and 48 missing (mostly believed killed) in the previous 10 days of fighting. On 23 February the Germans began their withdrawal to the
592:
to train them. Although the trained bands were exempt from foreign service, they and their armouries were frequently drawn upon to supply and arm levies (usually untrained substitutes) employed overseas.
1949:(VC) for his actions on 21 and 27 March. The senior surviving officer, Capt L.G. Plumbley, took over temporary command of 4th Bedfords, which were relieved at 03.30 on 28 March and marched to billets at
392:. The custom was to requisition men for service from the shires closest to the scene of action, and Hertfordshire was too distant from the Welsh and Scottish borders for most of the campaigns under the
1706:
up to help consolidate the village. A protective field gun barrage deterred German counter-attacks, and 63rd (RN) Division was relieved on the morning of 15 November, having suffered heavy casualties.
1124:, Edwinstree (part), Broadwater and Hitchin. Absorbed the Hitchin Volunteer Infantry, the Hertfordshire Rifles and the 1st Regiment Hertfordshire Volunteer Infantry. The Colonel-Commandant was the Hon
5303:
1927:
2249:). By around 1880 the Hertfordshire Militia had adopted a hart as its mascot. The Bedfordshire Regiment combined the hart badge with that of the 16th Foot. The full dress helmet plate featured a
2046:
attack had been cancelled at the last moment. Only a short advance could be made before the battalion was pinned down by machine gun and sniper fire. The assault was resumed at 18.00 after a 1 1
642:, though many of the men who actually went were untrained hired substitutes. In March 1640 Hertfordshire was ordered to provide 650 selected men for the force to rendezvous on 20 May to sail to
1987:
63rd (RN) Division took no further part in the Spring fighting while its battalions were slowly brought back to strength. It was pulled out of the line on 22 April when 4th Bedfords marched to
1519:(SR), a semi-professional force whose role was to provide reinforcement drafts for regular units serving overseas in wartime, rather like the earlier Militia Reserve. The battalion became the
2031:
and in the wood – and 4th Bedfords had to lend ammunition to 7th RF until supplies were brought up at 18.00. The division was relieved that night and 4th Bedfords went back to Leeds Trench.
1362:
A permanent barracks was erected for the battalion in London Road, Hertford, in 1883–4. In 1889 the 4th (Herts) Bn was brigaded with 3rd Bedfords and 3rd and 4th Suffolks for royal review at
2003:
Wood. Lieutenant-Col F.W. Smith, DSO, DCM, assumed command of the battalion on 20 May, but was evacuated sick a month later and Maj A.G. Haywood, MC, took over as acting Lt-Col on 26 June.
5436:
613:
in 1588 led to the mobilisation of the trained bands, when Hertfordshire furnished 1500 trained men, organised into companies under captains, and 1500 untrained men (often employed as
1956:
Although completely exhausted, 63rd (RN) Division, remained close to the line in reserve while waiting for reinforcements – initially 4th Bedfords got just 17 ORs from the 26th (3rd
892:
the magistrates were intimidated from meeting at all. Nevertheless the county regiment was one of the first to achieve 60 per cent of its establishment and received its arms from the
1926:, covering the rest of the brigade. On Thiepval Ridge 63rd (RN) Division covered the Ancre crossings, and it held this position until 04.00 on 26 March. It then crossed the river to
1733:). Patrols from 7th RF discovered this next day, and 4th Bedfords were ordered to push forward fighting patrols. On the morning of 25 February 63rd (RN) Division followed up through
1722:
1032:
area for the winter. A steep rise in food prices in 1795 led to trouble in many militia regiments. During the year the Hertfordshires were involved in food riots while stationed in
943:
sergeant and two gunners. From 1762 to 1786 militia regiments on service were obliged to recruit from their own county, so when the Hertfordshires were short of men in 1778 the
1765:). The battalion's objective was Gavrelle, which it captured and then held against fierce counter-attacks, even though 7th RF covering its left flank had been held up by uncut
2068:
on 27 September. It successfully crossed the canal and reached its objective in the old Hindenburg support line, having suffered 13 killed and 68 wounded. It moved forward to
1972:
regained much of the lost ground. The battalion was still taking casualties, but now large drafts arrived: 440 on 6 June, then 188 ORs from the disbanded 12th (3rd Gwent) Bn,
17:
5944:
1922:
to reinforce the right of the division, where German patrols were lapping round its flank. When their ammunition began to run out, the battalion made a fighting retreat to
1625:, taking the number of a disbanded 63rd Division, and was transported to the Western Front, where it was reorganised with one army brigade (190th) and two RN/RM brigades (
1083:
for a projected invasion, the Hertfordshires, with 514 men in 10 companies under Lt-Col Robert Chester, were at Ipswich Barracks as part of a militia brigade under Lt-Gen
1355:
of 1881 took Cardwell's reforms further, formally turning the militia regiments into battalions of their linked regular regiments. Consequently, the regiment became the
784:
Once Parliament had established full control in 1648 it passed new Militia Acts that replaced lords lieutenant with county commissioners appointed by Parliament or the
1200:. It returned to England in June 1813, and after a short stay at Ipswich was guarding the French prisoners at Norman Cross from September 1813 to July 1814. By now
5803:
4577:
3192:
5924:
1795:. 2nd Division was able to 'dribble' in some reinforcements to help, and together the mixed parties then worked their way up to within 200 yards (180 m) of
2084:, which was captured by 188th Bde leading to the capture of Cambrai itself. 4th Bedfords helped to drive back two German counter-attacks accompanied by tanks.
1799:
Wood. Later the much-reduced 63rd (RN) Division was relieved, but fighting continued at Oppy Wood for another two months, with a steady trickle of casualties.
1024:, returning to winter quarters around Hertford in October. It marched out again in May 1794 and spent the summer under canvas, camped on Warley Common. It was
3658:
1075:
The Peace of Amiens was short-lived and the regiment was re-embodied at St Albans in May 1803. In 1804 it was at Ipswich and during the summer of 1805, when
401:
2034:
The supporting artillery having been pulled forward, 63rd (RN) Division renewed the attack on 25 August, attempting to capture Thilloy, Ligny Thilloy and
5310:
1818:
The division remained in the now-quiet Oppy Wood sector from July to September and was not committed to the offensive again until the final stage of the
1259:
armoury, which were rented to the county authorities. The active rank of colonel in the militia having been abolished, the Marquess of Salisbury became
5929:
1204:
had abdicated and the war seemed to be over; the Hertfordshire Militia was disembodied at Hertford on 29 July. It was not re-embodied during the short
1132:, who had commanded the Kimpton Rifles in the earlier Volunteers. The battalion usually carried out its training at Hitchin, but in 1809 it trained at
830:, equipped with pickaxes, ropes and buckets. For the gentry service in the militia was both an honour and a burden. For the 1666 embodiment the acting
621:'s trial and subsequent execution. They were also among the trained bands camped in the London suburbs to ensure a peaceful transition on the death of
384:
of 1285. Under this statute 'Commissioners of Array' would levy the required number of men from each shire, divided into companies of 100 commanded by
2177:
After the war ended it was converted into 53rd (Service) Battalion, and in April 1919 it was sent to join the occupation forces in Germany as part of
1553:
battalions of the Bedfords. Later, however, the 4th (Extra Reserve) Battalion was one of only a few SR battalions that was employed for combat during
926:
when the country was threatened with invasion by the Americans' allies, France and Spain. During the summer of 1778 the Hertfordshire Militia was at
733:
and after feinting west, moved eastwards with his force. Browne was directed towards Hertford to protect the Eastern Association counties. He reached
1371:
404:. It comprised one ductor, two vintenars and 53 foot archers, serving from 23 June to 22 August. By now the infantry were mainly equipped with the
1136:. The regulars tried to attract recruits from the local militia, but between June 1809 and November 1811 the Midland Battalion supplied just four.
1718:
1475:
with the clasps for 'Cape Colony', 'Orange Free State' and 'Transvaal', and a number also earned the 'Wittebergen' clasp; they also received the
1375:
1217:
250:
5421:
1594:
750:
mutinous troops. Waller's army was dispersed, and under his original orders Browne was sent with his brigade to capture Greenland House on the
1762:
186:
5576:
2241:
The regiment's cap badge was a hart (male deer) crossing a ford – a pun on 'Hertford' (pronounced Hartford). The buttons carried a crowned
2233:; in 1780 these were depicted as light pinkish-buff. The regiment retained buff facings throughout its independent existence. In 1759 the
5808:
5482:
1278:, the militia being called out for home defence. The Hertfordshire Militia was embodied from 27 December 1854 to June 1856 and served in
1084:
2717:
909:
883:
places the JPs were prevented from drawing up lists of those liable to serve, and trouble broke out in Hertfordshire on 5 September. At
737:
on 1 July with three regiments of LTBs, where he was joined by the Hertfordshire and Essex TBs. Browne was too late to intervene in the
1129:
710:
703:(LTBs) and a Hertfordshire regiment under Sir John Garrard until a permanent garrison could be recruited from the Eastern Association.
1830:
on 24 September and began training for the next attack. On 25 October the battalion went into the line in the Canal Bank sector near
5497:
3865:
2178:
765:
In September 1645 the Hertfordshire Trained Band Horse, apparently numbering 500, served in a force under Col Richard Graves of the
5839:
5691:
589:
1499:
After the Boer War, the future of the militia was called into question. There were moves to reform the Auxiliary Forces (Militia,
5621:
3680:
2396:
2234:
2223:
1980:) on 7 June. Captain R.B. Knight took over temporary command of 4th Bedfords on 9 April until Lt-Col A.G. Macdonald, DSO, of the
948:
complained that his officers could not prevent the new men from 'moroding ' and appealed for concentration in fewer locations.
5934:
5487:
3742:
2198:
2150:
in the Harwich Garrison on 2 December 1914. It trained to be part of 106th Brigade in 35th Division, moving in January 1915 to
1508:
936:
932:
835:
315:
of 1908 intended to supply reinforcements to the Regulars. However, the Hertfordshire battalion saw considerable action on the
246:
3815:
939:. Each battalion had two small field-pieces or 'battalion guns' attached to it, manned by men of the regiment instructed by a
5874:
5782:
5226:
5081:
5063:
5008:
4993:
4978:
4948:
4916:
4869:
4862:
4785:
4758:
4739:
4712:
4685:
4639:
4627:
4563:
2139:
1411:
1152:
5457:
576:(JPs). The entry into force of these Acts in 1558 is seen as the starting date for the organised county militia in England.
5849:
2857:
1367:
1315:
1260:
679:
2142:
issued his call for volunteers in August 1914, the battalions of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd New Armies ('K1', 'K2' and 'K3' of '
2122:
where it went into winter quarters. The division had been informed that it would not form part of the army of occupation (
1314:. However, no regular regiment was assigned to Hertfordshire, so the county's militia and volunteers were attached to the
1143:
and Edwinstree (part). Absorbed the Standon Volunteer Infantry and the 2nd Regiment Hertfordshire Volunteer Infantry. The
906:
had been agreed. In peacetime, the reformed militia regiments were supposed to be assembled for 28 days' annual training.
4936:
3835:
1541:
reservists, special reservists, recruits and returning wounded for the regular battalions of the Bedfords serving on the
1255:
1144:
979:: in 1781 100 of the Hertfordshires required inoculation, which rendered them unfit for service for about three weeks. A
5167:
Hertfordshire's Soldiers: A Survey of the Auxiliary Military Forces Raised in Hertfordshire from 1757 to the Present day
2130:, first of key workers, then more generally, began in December and by April 1919 the units had been reduced to a cadre.
729:
and gave him the task of reducing the Royalist garrisons in those counties. However, in June 1644 the King broke out of
5370:
5296:
2019:, south-west of Arras, where it went into the line at 'Leeds Trench' on 20 August for 63rd (RN) Division's attack (the
1479:
with the clasps for 'South Africa 1901' and 'South Africa 1902'. Viscount Cranborne was awarded a companionship of the
842:
618:
2201:
in 1924, but like most militia battalions the 4th Bedfords remained in abeyance after World War I. By the outbreak of
5416:
5360:
5211:
5196:
5181:
5127:
5055:
5036:
4963:
4908:
4881:
4847:
4800:
4777:
4731:
4704:
4548:
4533:
2316:
4526:
History of the Great War: Order of Battle of Divisions, Part 3b: New Army Divisions (30–41) and 63rd (R.N.) Division
5844:
5380:
1148:
1068:. In December it went to winter quarters in the Hertford district until it was disembodied in April 1802 after the
831:
1965:
206:
5431:
1458:
838:
only selected those of the Hertfordshire Cavalry Militia who had voted the 'wrong' way in the previous election.
5251:
1999:
Wood/Aveluy Wood sector on 7 May and alternated spells in the front line with billets in Forceville or tents in
1854:
and by 21 December was holding the support trenches on Highland Ridge where the German counter-attack after the
1788:
1322:
and volunteers. These were purely administrative arrangements, but a mobilisation scheme began to appear in the
191:
5919:
5631:
5395:
2182:
2043:
1823:
1598:
1167:
1125:
714:
196:
5818:
5676:
5472:
2107:. At 17.00 the battalion attacked from Harveng to Harmignies, which it captured at 01.00 on 11 November. The
1792:
1472:
1347:
Bedfordshire Regiment cap badge, World War I era, incorporating the Hart emblem of the Hertfordshire Militia.
658:
against churches in their own county, tearing down and burning communion rails, which they considered to be '
4502:
2226:) served with Browne in early 1645 and this may have been one of the Hertfordshire Trained Bands regiments.
2205:
in 1939, there were no officers listed for the battalion. The Militia was formally disbanded in April 1953.
1953:. Between 21 and 28 March the battalion, already weakened, had lost 21 killed, 88 wounded, and 124 missing.
1802:
Collings-Wells was awarded a DSO for his leadership at Gavrelle on 23 and 24 April and at Oppy on 29 April.
1434:
on the north bank of the Vaal on 19 May after du Toit had been manoeuvred out of his position, allowing the
1045:
796:
the militia received pay when called out, and operated alongside the New Model Army to control the country.
5864:
5571:
5502:
2115:
1638:
1582:
1476:
923:
841:
The militia returns of 1697 show that Hertfordshire had one regiment commanded by the Lord Lieutenant, the
255:
5939:
5400:
2287:
2118:'s official entry into Mons on 15 November and at the end of the month the battalion left Harmignies for
2065:
1969:
1851:
1667:
1663:
1602:
1542:
1488:
1484:
633:
With the passing of the threat of invasion, the trained bands declined in the early 17th Century. Later,
316:
220:
1271:, was appointed Lieutenant-Colonel in command of the reformed Hertfordshire Militia on 2 December 1854.
1001:
could be persuaded to transfer. Their traditional local defence duties were taken over by the part-time
984:
days' annual training, but to save money only two-thirds of the men were actually called out each year.
5601:
5345:
4680:, London: HM Stationery Office, 1948/Uckfield: Imperial War Museum and Naval and Military Press, 2009,
1626:
1504:
1328:
617:). The Hertfordshire Trained Bands were on duty in London in 1601 to guard against disorder during the
1899:
1867:. The battalion spent January 1918 taking turns in the front line and suffering casualties, many from
5507:
5390:
5375:
5260:
3457:
2399:(as it had now become) did have a number of Supplementary Reserve officers Category B attached to it.
2185:. The division was disbanded in October 1919 and the battalion returned to the UK to be disbanded at
2123:
1630:
1049:
738:
516:
416:
5426:
2092:
1934:
at 08.00, when the bridges were blown. The battalion was later relieved and withdrawn to billets in
1166:. Absorbed the Loyal Hemel Hempstead, St Albans and Watford Volunteer Infantry. Commanded by Lt-Col
856:
in 1712, although a few counties (not Hertfordshire) were called out during the Jacobite risings of
5761:
5591:
5477:
5385:
5355:
5340:
3890:
2347:
2077:
1981:
1961:
1855:
1695:
1431:
1407:
1229:
1052:. In 1797 the regiment returned to Ipswich and then in 1798 it moved to Reading Street Barracks at
785:
707:
287:
225:
105:
76:
3876:
2035:
1445:
The Queen's (L) and King's (R) South Africa Medals awarded to participants in the Second Boer War.
1282:. However, unlike some regiments, it was not embodied when regular forces were sent to quell the
5889:
5746:
5696:
5636:
5350:
5319:
2342:
2020:
1880:
1819:
1614:
1536:
On the declaration of war on 4 August 1914 the 3rd and 4th SR battalions of the Bedfords went to
1399:, with a strength of 25 officers and 451 other ranks (ORs) under the command of Lord Cranborne.
1193:
1002:
873:
861:
857:
789:
460:
212:
201:
1805:
1569:, Felixstowe, when it was ordered to mobilise for overseas service. On 24 July it entrained for
5884:
5798:
5777:
5751:
5706:
5671:
5596:
5586:
5581:
5365:
4806:
4032:
3738:
2306:
2108:
2088:
2012:
1895:
1754:
980:
903:
889:
823:
778:
510:
495:
448:
373:
369:
365:
328:
5854:
5726:
5534:
2357:
2263:
precedence determined by ballot each year. For the Hertfordshire Militia the positions were:
1973:
993:
811:
671:
588:(TBs), who were mustered for regular training, though Hertfordshire was short of experienced
397:
381:
300:
37:
5095:
4898:
3846:
2312:
Hertford's World War I and II memorial carries a sculpture of the White Hart on a cenotaph.
1996:
1331:, alongside the Bedfordshire and Cambridgeshire Militia. The brigade would have mustered at
826:, and on 4 September the same year 200 Hertfordshire militiamen were sent to help fight the
5661:
5606:
5561:
4669:
2170:, still in 2nd Reserve Bde. It returned to the Bedfordshire Regiment on 24 October 1917 as
1919:
1319:
1310:
of 1872, Militia were grouped into county brigades with their local Regular battalions and
1159:
1109:
1061:
935:(later 7th Earl and 1st Marquess of Salisbury) formed part of the Right Wing under Maj-Gen
827:
700:
634:
573:
561:
557:
1772:
1581:
early next day. Three days later at Coupigny, together with the infantry battalion of the
1318:
in Brigade No 33 (Huntingdon, Bedford and Hertford) together with the Huntingdonshire and
788:. At the same time the term 'Trained Band' began to disappear in most counties. Under the
670:
Control of the trained bands was one of the major points of dispute between Charles I and
579:
Hertfordshire was one of the southern counties called upon to send troops to suppress the
8:
5869:
5859:
5711:
5701:
5686:
5641:
2386:
Some sources mistakenly give this as the date of foundation of the Hertfordshire Militia.
2320:
2242:
2163:
2159:
2143:
2069:
1796:
1687:
1675:
1550:
1332:
1065:
951:
879:
688:
643:
580:
331:. After 1921 the militia had only a shadowy existence until its final abolition in 1953.
180:
4753:, London: Macmillan, 1939/Uckfield: Imperial War Museum and Naval & Military, 2009,
1902:. At this point the 1st Artists Rifles and the 4th Bedfords were holding a line east of
849:
of horse (183 men) commanded by Captains Henry Gore, John Charlton and Gilbert Hookate.
5656:
5626:
5234:
The English Militia in the Eighteenth Century: The Story of a Political Issue 1660–1802
5147:
5024:
4927:
4609:
4595:
4515:
4483:
4461:
2151:
2087:
63rd (RN) Division was then pulled out and sent north by train to join First Army near
1995:
and began training and providing working parties. It returned to the front line in the
1891:
1780:
1730:
1659:
1618:
1435:
1363:
1264:
1212:
1205:
1096:
956:
759:
742:
614:
454:
279:
63:
4472:
5879:
5813:
5756:
5666:
5566:
5492:
5467:
5222:
5207:
5192:
5177:
5156:
5134:
5123:
5077:
5059:
5051:
5032:
5004:
4989:
4974:
4959:
4944:
4912:
4904:
4887:
4877:
4858:
4843:
4796:
4781:
4773:
4754:
4735:
4727:
4708:
4700:
4681:
4635:
4623:
4559:
4544:
4529:
2337:
1911:
1884:
1590:
1480:
1441:
1279:
1040:, Essex, under Lt-Gen Cornwallis. In April 1797 the Hertfordshires were stationed at
968:
853:
822:
The Hertfordshire Militia were called out on anti-invasion duties in 1666 during the
805:
675:
569:
361:
283:
165:
3836:
4th Bedfords' War diary 1916, summarised at Bedfordshire Regiment in the Great War.
2096:
1887:) was launched on 21 March 1918, 63rd (RN) Division was still occupying part of the
1366:. In October 1892, when the regiment's honorary colonel was the former (and future)
5721:
5452:
2229:
From its reformation in 1759 the Hertfordshire Militia wore red uniforms with buff
2028:
1977:
1691:
1690:
was meticulously planned. The attack was launched at 05.45 on 13 November behind a
1454:
1352:
1307:
1290:
1237:
1069:
815:
793:
755:
734:
639:
296:
282:. From their formal organisation as Trained Bands in 1558 and their service in the
4772:, London: HM Stationery Office, 1947/Imperial War Museum and Battery Press, 1993,
1343:
5894:
5731:
5716:
5681:
5462:
4653:
4528:, London: HM Stationery Office, 1939/Uckfield: Naval & Military Press, 2007,
2352:
2166:, returning to Dovercourt in March 1916. On 1 September 1916 it was redesignated
2024:
1964:, which had been disbanded earlier. In the final phase of Operation Michael (the
1907:
1740:
1726:
1516:
1512:
1422:
on the opposite side. On 4 April the battalion occupied the stations between the
1391:
1311:
1037:
1021:
940:
893:
722:
696:
692:
565:
556:
The legal basis of the militia was updated by two acts of 1557 covering musters (
442:
405:
340:
312:
308:
304:
170:
5029:
The Kaiser's Battle, 21 March 1918: The First Day of the German Spring Offensive
1769:. The battalion had suffered over 270 casualties and was relieved at midnight.
1511:. However, little of Brodrick's scheme was carried out. Under the more sweeping
5741:
5736:
5616:
5076:, London: HM Stationery Office, 1948/Uckfield: Naval and Military Press, 2009,
5014:
2127:
2015:
on 8 August. The battalion underwent training in early August, then marched to
1957:
1946:
1835:
1586:
1566:
1233:
944:
922:
The Hertfordshire Militia was called out in May 1778 after the outbreak of the
766:
683:
610:
412:
324:
259:
89:
5142:
H.G. Parkyn, 'English Militia Regiments 1757–1935: Their Badges and Buttons',
4578:'Home Guard: The Forces to Meet the Expected French Invasion/1 September 1805'
1888:
1244:
1. 'Whenever a state of war exists between Her Majesty and any foreign power'.
5913:
5834:
5611:
4655:
Historical Records of the Second Royal Surrey or Eleventh Regiment of Militia
2332:
2250:
2230:
2104:
2076:. 63rd (RN) Division then went into reserve and there was a pause before the
1942:
1766:
1610:
1465:
1283:
1274:
War broke out with Russia in 1854 and an expeditionary force was sent to the
1053:
606:
585:
551:
489:
437:
377:
275:
5288:
1645:
5651:
5111:
2202:
1699:
1427:
1423:
1268:
964:
751:
344:
292:
101:
4903:, London: United Service Gazette, 1905/Ray Westlake Military Books, 1987,
1503:
and Volunteers) to take their place in the six Army Corps proposed by the
5151:
5050:, London: Macmillan, 1938/Imperial War Museum & Battery Press, 1992,
4973:, London: Samson Books, 1978/Uckfield: Naval & Military Press, 2001,
3446:
2000:
1935:
1915:
1868:
1859:
1671:
1570:
1554:
1449:
The battalion remained at Fourteen Streams until 26 June when it went to
1295:
1275:
1088:
1056:, where it remained until October 1799, when it marched to Beaconsfield.
972:
898:
884:
852:
The Militia passed into virtual abeyance during the long peace after the
718:
654:
Hertfordshire trained bandsmen took the opportunity to carry out acts of
622:
393:
320:
175:
153:
4931:
4613:
4599:
4519:
4450:
4409:
3118:
3036:
601:
In 1584 Hertfordshire mustered its full quota of 400 'shot' (armed with
5191:, Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1992/Sandpiper Books, 1999,
4726:, London: Macmillan, 1937/Imperial War Museum and Battery Press, 1995,
4699:, London: Macmillan, 1935/Imperial War Museum and Battery Press, 1995,
2718:
Hertfordshire TBs at the BCW Project (archived at the Wayback Machine).
2147:
1950:
1847:
1622:
1606:
1537:
1415:
1387:
1139:
Eastern Battalion – HQ at Hertford, covering the Hundreds of Hertford,
1092:
1033:
1029:
691:
to supply troops, supplies and finance. After Parliament's army seized
655:
501:
466:
420:
5269:
5070:
History of the Great War: Military Operations, France and Belgium 1917
5044:
History of the Great War: Military Operations, France and Belgium 1916
4766:
History of the Great War: Military Operations, France and Belgium 1918
4747:
History of the Great War: Military Operations, France and Belgium 1918
4720:
History of the Great War: Military Operations, France and Belgium 1918
4693:
History of the Great War: Military Operations, France and Belgium 1918
4674:
History of the Great War: Military Operations, France and Belgium 1917
650:
on 31 May. However, under the leadership of Edmund Aylee the largely
4958:, Lavenham: Terence Dalton, 1983; Landguard Fort Trust reprint 2005,
4590:
Maj. J.H. Busby, 'Local Military Forces in Hertfordshire 1793–1814',
4498:
2119:
2081:
1734:
1721:
in January and February 1917. 190th Brigade did not take part in the
1403:
1140:
1133:
1013:
997:
762:, with his three London regiments and the rest of the TBs went home.
746:
726:
473:
4134:, Vol I, pp. 42, 131, 219, 304–5, 372–80, 421–2, 429, 431–4, 475–81.
2197:
The SR resumed its old title of Militia in 1921 and then became the
2060:
After a period of training, 4th Bedfords were back in the line near
5274:
5221:, London: Spottiswoode, 1914/Uckfield: Naval & Military, 2001,
4793:
The Bishops' Wars: Charles I's campaigns against Scotland 1638–1640
2061:
2016:
1923:
1864:
1843:
1758:
1578:
1500:
1450:
1419:
1201:
1185:
1080:
1076:
1006:
996:
declared war on Britain. The Hertfordshire Militia was embodied at
976:
927:
774:
651:
602:
479:
424:
133:
115:
4988:, Vol I, London, 1979/Uckfield: Naval & Military Press, 2006,
4941:
Soldiers: Army Lives and Loyalties from Redcoats to Dusty Warriors
5279:
2309:
and the 1st (Hertfordshire) Volunteer Bn, Bedfordshire Regiment.
2100:
2073:
2039:
1761:. It was back in the line of 22 April for next day's attack (the
1710:
1655:
1163:
1117:
1041:
1017:
647:
357:
1930:. From this high ground they watched the Germans moving towards
1306:
Under the 'Localisation of the Forces' scheme introduced by the
971:
and deployed on the streets of London. By this date troops were
5246:
5001:
Britain Against Napoleon: The Organization of Victory 1793–1815
4900:
An Epitomized History of the Militia (The Constitutional Force)
4874:
Scarlet into Khaki: The British Army on the Eve of the Boer War
4764:
Brig-Gen. Sir James E. Edmonds & Lt-Col R. Maxwell-Hyslop,
1992:
1988:
1931:
1850:, the 4th Bedfords moved south with 63rd (RN) Division to join
1827:
1189:
1025:
730:
659:
522:
436:
Hertford: 6 mounted men in 'harness' (armour) + 80 archers and
5263:
British Civil Wars, Commonwealth & Protectorate, 1638–1660
2080:
was launched on 8 October. 63rd (RN) Division's objective was
1737:
until it was relieved by a fresher division later in the day.
1247:
2. 'In all cases of invasion or upon imminent danger thereof'.
1158:
Western Battalion – HQ at St Albans, covering the Hundreds of
699:
on 27 October 1643, it was garrisoned by two regiments of the
400:
called out a small contingent of Hertfordshire levies for his
4620:
Battleground Europe: Somme: Beaumont Hamel, Newfoundland Park
2186:
1903:
1831:
1714:
1549:) in the Harwich Garrison to carry out the same role for the
1121:
846:
770:
528:
353:
4556:
Wanton Troopers: Buckinghamshire in the Civil Wars 1640–1660
1359:
on 1 July 1881 (the Bedfordshire Militia being the 3rd Bn).
1357:
4th (Hertfordshire Militia) Battalion, Bedfordshire Regiment
1012:
In March 1793 the Hertfordshire Militia was deployed to the
2315:
The battalion's World War I service is commemorated by the
1197:
992:
The militia were called out in January 1793 shortly before
348:
4956:
Suffolk Invasion: The Dutch Attack on Landguard Fort, 1667
4510:
W.Y. Baldry, 'Order of Precedence of Militia Regiments',
3866:
Collings-Wells at Bedfordshire Regiment in the Great War.
2291:
The Royal Naval Division Memorial at Horse Guards Parade.
4585:
Regimental Records of the Bedfordshire Militia 1759–1884
2111:
came into effect at 11.00 that day, ending hostilities.
1753:
In March the division marched north for the forthcoming
1605:. The Royal Naval Division had been formed from surplus
1523:, on completion of its annual training on 14 June 1908.
1036:. In June 1795 the regiment was part of a large camp at
741:
and when he joined the beaten Parliamentary force under
4751:
8th August–26th September: The Franco-British Offensive
1338:
4504:
The Times History of the War in South Africa 1899-1902
3563:. No. 36077. London. 28 February 1900. p. 6.
2072:
and on 30 September attacked the high ground south of
1613:(RM) on the outbreak of war and had taken part in the
5169:, Hitchin: Hertfordshire Local History Council, 1969.
4876:, London: Sampson Low, 1899/London: Greenhill, 1988,
1898:
and no field of fire, though there were some huts in
1666:. 63rd (RN) Division then moved on 3 October to join
5945:
Military units and formations disestablished in 1953
5219:
History of the 12th (The Suffolk) Regiment 1685–1913
5048:
2nd July 1916 to the End of the Battles of the Somme
4770:
26th September–11th November, The Advance to Victory
2162:. In May the battalion moved to join the brigade at
1686:
63rd (RN) Division's first offensive operation, the
1621:. In April 1916 the division was transferred to the
1521:
4th (Extra Reserve) Battalion, Bedfordshire Regiment
352:, the military force raised from the freemen of the
327:
and it led the final pursuit in the days before the
5144:
Journal of the Society for Army Historical Research
4924:
Journal of the Society for Army Historical Research
4922:Brig. Charles Herbert, 'Coxheath Camp, 1778–1779',
4606:
Journal of the Society for Army Historical Research
4592:
Journal of the Society for Army Historical Research
4512:
Journal of the Society for Army Historical Research
415:and the shire levies were occasionally mustered by
5204:Cropredy Bridge, 1644: The Campaign and the Battle
4724:March–April: Continuation of the German Offensives
1263:and Robert Smith-Dorrien, a former captain in the
1044:in Essex, and provided a guard of honour when the
427:Town and Hertford Hundred mustered the following:
4649:, 2nd Edn, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1966.
4543:, Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1991,
3681:4th Bn at Bedfordshire Regiment in the Great War.
1545:. They organised the 9th and 10th (Reserve) Bns (
1220:succeeded his father as colonel of the regiment.
845:, with 10 companies of foot (1025 men) and three
560:c. 3) and the maintenance of horses and armour (
5911:
5527:
4697:The German March Offensive and its Preliminaries
2990:
2988:
2986:
2984:
2982:
2980:
2978:
1560:
955:Troops firing on the Gordon Rioters, painted by
814:, the English Militia was re-established by the
5091:, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1901 (1968 reprint).
4795:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994,
4507:, London: Sampson Low, Marston, 6 Vols 1900–09.
1250:3. 'In all cases of rebellion or insurrection'.
917:
251:James Gascoyne-Cecil, 4th Marquess of Salisbury
5925:Military units and formations in Hertfordshire
5116:A History of the Art of War in the Middle Ages
5021:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1931.
4842:, Vol I, Wakefield: Microform Academic, 1984,
4634:, Uckfield: Naval & Military Press, 2001,
4608:, Vol 36, No 147 (September 1958), pp. 108–9.
3519:
3517:
3515:
3513:
3511:
3509:
3507:
3505:
3503:
2959:
1858:had been halted. The battalion was in camp at
1595:7th (Extra Reserve) Battalion, Royal Fusiliers
1102:
545:
411:This system remained in place under the early
18:Midland Battalion, Hertfordshire Local Militia
5318:
5304:
5058:/Uckfield: Naval & Military Press, 2005,
4911:/Uckfield: Naval & Military Press, 2015,
4840:Lineage Book of British Land Forces 1660–1978
4780:/Uckfield: Naval & Military Press, 2021,
4734:/Uckfield: Naval & Military Press, 2009,
4707:/Uckfield: Naval & Military Press, 2009,
4663:The Development of the British Army 1899–1914
3501:
3499:
3497:
3495:
3493:
3491:
3489:
3487:
3485:
3483:
3376:
3374:
3247:
3245:
2975:
2957:
2955:
2953:
2951:
2949:
2947:
2945:
2943:
2941:
2939:
2902:
2900:
2898:
2896:
2894:
2126:). Although many men rejoined the battalion,
2114:A detachment represented 4th Bedfords at Gen
1406:on 24 March and proceeded to Dronfield, near
5146:, Vol 15, No 60 (Winter 1936), pp. 216–248.
4926:, Vol 45, No 183 (Autumn 1967), pp. 129–48.
4632:History of the British Infantry Collar Badge
4573:, London: Routledge & Keegan Paul, 1967.
3811:
3809:
3807:
3777:
3775:
3773:
3771:
3607:
2892:
2890:
2888:
2886:
2884:
2882:
2880:
2878:
2876:
2874:
1744:Captured German dugouts near Gavrelle, 1917.
1589:, both former officer training units of the
605:), 500 bowmen, and 100 'corslets' (armoured
564:c. 2). The county militia was now under the
388:, and subdivided into platoons of 20 led by
368:(1138). The force was reorganised under the
5275:Imperial War Museum, War Memorials Register
5236:, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1965.
4594:, Vol 31, No 125 (Spring 1953), pp. 15–24.
3805:
3803:
3801:
3799:
3797:
3795:
3793:
3791:
3789:
3787:
3769:
3767:
3765:
3763:
3761:
3759:
3757:
3755:
3753:
3751:
2133:
878:Under threat of French invasion during the
5311:
5297:
5254:The Bedfordshire Regiment in the Great War
5100:, PhD thesis, King's College London, 1982.
5031:, London: Allen Lane, 1978/Penguin, 1983,
5003:, London: Allen Lane, 2013/Penguin, 2014,
4892:The New Annual Army List, and Militia List
4813:, Vol I, 2nd Edn, London: Macmillan, 1910.
4446:
4444:
3861:
3859:
3857:
3480:
3371:
3242:
2936:
2208:
5930:Military units and formations in Hertford
5202:Margaret Toynbee & Brig Peter Young,
4855:A History of the Artists Rifles 1859–1947
4514:, Vol 15, No 57 (Spring 1936), pp. 5–16.
3676:
3674:
3672:
3670:
3668:
3666:
3654:
3652:
3642:
3640:
3638:
3636:
3634:
3632:
3442:
3440:
3438:
3436:
3434:
2871:
2006:
1783:, who served there in 1st Artists Rifles.
1713:, 63rd (RN) Division marched back to the
1515:of 1908, the Militia was replaced by the
1116:Midland Battalion – headquarters (HQ) at
5122:, London: Methuen, 1924/Greenhill 1991,
5107:, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1965.
4678:Messines and Third Ypres (Passchendaele)
4541:The Amateur Military Tradition 1558–1945
3784:
3748:
3408:
3406:
3114:
3112:
3110:
3108:
3106:
3104:
3102:
3100:
3098:
3077:
3014:
3012:
3002:
3000:
2701:Fissell, pp. 43–4, 174–8, 206–8, 246–63.
2621:Boynton, pp. 13–7, 91–2, 96, Appendix I.
2430:
2286:
2213:
1941:During the day the Germans had occupied
1804:
1771:
1739:
1644:
1440:
1342:
1099:, returning to Ipswich in October 1809.
950:
908:
799:
4604:W.Y. Carman, 'Militia Uniforms 1780',
4441:
3854:
3734:
3732:
3730:
3728:
3726:
3724:
3722:
3720:
3718:
3716:
3714:
3712:
3710:
3708:
3404:
3402:
3400:
3398:
3396:
3394:
3392:
3390:
3388:
3386:
3281:
3279:
3277:
3275:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2526:
2524:
2522:
2520:
2518:
2516:
2397:Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire Regiment
299:they were linked with the neighbouring
14:
5912:
5159:The Original British Army of the Rhine
3816:63d (RN) Division at Long, Long Trail.
3706:
3704:
3702:
3700:
3698:
3696:
3694:
3692:
3690:
3688:
3663:
3649:
3629:
3431:
3291:
3123:
2713:
2711:
2709:
2707:
2514:
2512:
2510:
2508:
2506:
2504:
2502:
2500:
2498:
2496:
1649:63rd (Royal Naval) Division's insignia
307:. The Militia were converted into the
303:and went on active service during the
247:James Cecil, 1st Marquess of Salisbury
5292:
5019:The Constitutional History of England
4986:Head-dress Badges of the British Army
4583:Lt-Col. Sir John M. Burgoyne, Bart,
3829:
3095:
3009:
2997:
1984:arrived to take command on 22 April.
1597:, (7th RF) of the SR, it constituted
1565:On 10 July 1916 the battalion was at
1079:was massing his 'Army of England' at
423:ordered a Great Muster in 1539, when
5136:The Royal Fusiliers in the Great War
3983:, Vol I, pp. 221, 293, 349, 398–400.
3383:
3272:
3203:Fortescue, Vol VI, pp. 38–40, 180–3.
1339:4th Battalion, Bedfordshire Regiment
1316:16th (Bedfordshire) Regiment of Foot
777:, but may have gone home before the
638:called out in 1639 and 1640 for the
430:
419:for inspection of the men and arms.
323:, when its commanding officer won a
4857:, Barnsley: Pen & Sword, 2006,
3685:
2704:
2493:
1301:
1289:Militia battalions now had a large
867:
274:was an auxiliary military force in
24:
4558:, Barnsley:Pen & Sword, 2015,
4280:, Vol IV, pp. 270–2, 301–2, 324–5.
3659:Bedfordshires at Long, Long Trail.
3212:Fortescue, Vol VII, pp. 34–5, 334.
2858:Fanshawe at History of Parliament.
1494:
1381:
596:
25:
5956:
5240:
5189:The Late Victorian Army 1868–1902
4571:The Elizabethan Militia 1558–1638
4258:, Vol IV, pp. 186–92, 205–6, 228.
3917:, Vol II, pp. 485–91, 504–6, 510.
2317:Royal Naval Division War Memorial
1813:
1378:was appointed Lt-Col in command.
1091:until July 1808 when it moved to
5265:– The BCW Project (archive site)
5097:The Militia of London, 1641–1649
4745:Brig-Gen. Sir James E. Edmonds,
4718:Brig-Gen. Sir James E. Edmonds,
4691:Brig-Gen. Sir James E. Edmonds,
4477:
4466:
4455:
4432:
4423:
4414:
4403:
4394:
4385:
4376:
4363:
4354:
4341:
4332:
4323:
4314:
4301:
4292:
4283:
4270:
4261:
4248:
4239:
4230:
4221:
4212:
4199:
4190:
4177:
4164:
4155:
4152:Middlebrook, pp. 97–8, 110, 140.
4146:
4137:
4124:
4115:
4102:
4093:
4084:
4071:
4062:
4053:
4040:
4026:
4017:
4008:
3995:
3986:
3973:
3964:
3951:
3942:
3929:
3920:
3907:
3898:
3884:
3870:
3840:
3820:
3743:The National Archives (TNA), Kew
3616:
3598:
3585:
3576:
3567:
2389:
1842:After resting and refitting, at
1483:(CB), three of his officers the
1414:occupying the south bank of the
832:Lord Lieutenant of Hertfordshire
628:
334:
100:
82:
69:
56:
4391:James, Appendices II & III.
3739:4th Bedfords' War Diary 1916–19
3552:
3539:
3526:
3471:
3462:
3458:Hertford at Drill Hall Project.
3451:
3418:
3362:
3349:
3340:
3331:
3322:
3309:
3300:
3263:
3254:
3233:
3224:
3215:
3206:
3197:
3186:
3177:
3168:
3159:
3150:
3141:
3132:
3086:
3068:
3059:
3050:
3041:
3030:
3021:
2966:
2927:
2918:
2909:
2862:
2851:
2842:
2833:
2824:
2815:
2806:
2793:
2790:Toynbee & Young, pp. 105–8.
2784:
2775:
2762:
2753:
2740:
2731:
2722:
2695:
2682:
2673:
2664:
2651:
2642:
2633:
2624:
2615:
2606:
2597:
2588:
2579:
2570:
2561:
2548:
2539:
2490:Nicholson, Appendix VI, p. 252.
2484:
2380:
2307:Hertfordshire Imperial Yeomanry
1531:
1223:
5174:The Army and Society 1815–1914
5157:BAOR.pdf Richard A. Rinaldi,
4622:, Barnsley: Leo Cooper, 1994,
4369:Edmonds & Maxwell-Hyslop,
4347:Edmonds & Maxwell-Hyslop,
4307:Edmonds & Maxwell-Hyslop,
4209:, Vol II, pp. 106, 113, 132–4.
3092:Fortescue, Vol III, pp. 530–1.
2475:
2466:
2457:
2448:
2439:
2421:
2412:
2370:
2011:The Allies had launched their
1874:
1826:. 4th Bedfords were bussed to
1824:Second Battle of Passchendaele
1526:
1471:and participants received the
1464:The battalion was awarded the
1453:on 1 August. Here it formed a
1418:facing General S.P. du Toit's
1168:Sir John Sebright, 7th Baronet
987:
197:Second Battle of Passchendaele
13:
1:
5935:Militia of the United Kingdom
4943:, London: HarperPress, 2011,
4829:A History of the British Army
4818:A History of the British Army
4811:A History of the British Army
4491:
2257:
1561:4th (Extra Reserve) Battalion
1402:The battalion disembarked at
492:: 74 (two of them 'Dutchmen')
5206:, Kineton: Roundwood, 1970,
4984:A.L. Kipling and H.L. King,
4872:(Col Peter S. Walton, ed.),
4658:, London: Marcus Ward, 1877.
2821:Fortescue, Vol I, pp. 294–5.
2363:
2295:
1639:John Stanhope Collings-Wells
1583:Honourable Artillery Company
924:War of American Independence
918:American War of Independence
665:
256:John Stanhope Collings-Wells
7:
4587:, London: W.H. Allen, 1884.
4311:, Vol V, pp. 33–5, 52, 120.
4059:Gregory, pp. 168–71. 178–9.
3582:Dunlop, pp. 131–40, 158-62.
3138:Knight, pp. 78–9, 111, 255.
2326:
2245:inscribed 'Harts Militia' (
2066:Battle of the Canal du Nord
1970:Royal Marine Light Infantry
1763:Second Battle of the Scarpe
1709:After rest and training at
1603:63rd (Royal Naval) Division
1489:Distinguished Conduct Medal
1485:Distinguished Service Order
1430:until it was ordered up to
1149:Nicolson Calvert of Hunsdon
1128:(later Lord Dacre), MP for
1120:, covering the Hundreds of
1103:Hertfordshire Local Militia
967:the regiment was camped in
812:Restoration of the Monarchy
546:Hertfordshire Trained Bands
221:Battle of the Canal du Nord
187:Second Battle of the Scarpe
32:Hertfordshire Trained Bands
10:
5961:
5176:, London: Longmans, 1980,
5139:, London: Heinemann, 1922.
5089:The Welsh Wars of Edward I
4894:(various dates from 1840).
4835:, London: Macmillan, 1912.
4824:, London: Macmillan, 1910.
4420:Sainsbury, p. ix, Plate 3.
2915:Fortescue, Vol II, p. 133.
2781:Nagel, pp. 192–4, 197–203.
2192:
1505:Secretary of State for War
1473:Queen's South Africa Medal
1178:
913:A review at Coxheath Camp.
871:
803:
549:
5827:
5791:
5770:
5554:
5547:
5520:
5445:
5409:
5333:
5326:
5320:British Militia Regiments
4971:British Regiments 1914–18
4897:Col. George Jackson Hay,
4382:Becke, Pt 3b, Appendix I.
4121:Blaxland, pp. 66–7, 73–4.
4050:, Vol II, pp. 351, 354–5.
3781:Becke, Pt 3b, pp. 117–28.
3559:"The War - The Militia".
3477:Amery, Vol III, pp. 21–2.
3346:Grierson, 84–5, 113, 120.
2994:Sainsbury, Table 1, p. 3.
2972:Western, pp. 127–61, 293.
2612:Maitland, pp. 234–5, 278.
2594:Fortescue, Vol I, p. 125.
2238:English county regiment.
2183:British Army of the Rhine
2124:British Army of the Rhine
1809:The mud of Passchendaele.
1787:For the next attack (the
1717:and was in action on the
1477:King's South Africa Medal
1457:company that served with
1372:3rd Marquess of Salisbury
1218:2nd Marquess of Salisbury
739:Battle of Cropredy Bridge
402:Scottish campaign in 1335
360:. It continued under the
240:
235:
159:
148:
140:
129:
121:
111:
96:
51:
43:
31:
5105:Edward III and the Scots
4870:James Moncrieff Grierson
4665:, London: Methuen, 1938.
3939:, Vol I, pp. 71–2, 81–2.
3183:Western, pp. 220–3, 254.
3047:Western, pp. 189, 263–4.
2418:Fortescue, Vol I, p. 12.
2406:
2348:Militia (United Kingdom)
2168:27th Training Reserve Bn
2156:10th (Reserve) Battalion
2134:10th (Reserve) Battalion
1982:Royal Berkshire Regiment
1962:Northumberland Fusiliers
1777:Oppy Wood, 1917. Evening
1748:
1681:
1577:, arriving in France at
1573:where it embarked on SS
1048:arrived by sea to marry
963:In June 1780 during the
706:Parliament commissioned
226:Second Battle of Cambrai
77:Kingdom of Great Britain
5819:Forfar & Kincardine
5432:Forfar & Kincardine
4580:at The Napoleon Series.
2463:Maitland, pp. 162, 276.
2343:Militia (Great Britain)
2209:Heritage and ceremonial
2181:in Eastern Division of
2172:53rd (Young Soldier) Bn
1881:German Spring Offensive
1487:(DSO) and five ORs the
1386:After the disasters of
1261:Colonel of the Regiment
1170:, MP for Hertfordshire.
874:Militia (Great Britain)
678:. In 1641 the moderate
370:Assizes of Arms of 1181
356:under command of their
343:was descended from the
202:German Spring Offensive
144:'Hartfordshire Militia'
5270:The Drill Hall Project
4791:Mark Charles Fissell,
4630:.* Colin G. Churchill
4373:, Vol V, pp. 512, 535.
3613:Frederick, pp. vi–vii.
3573:Amery, Vol IV, p. 218.
2906:Frederick, pp. 229–31.
2759:Nagel, pp. 138, 153–8.
2630:Cruickshank, pp. 24–5.
2472:Oman, pp. 110, 359–60.
2292:
2109:Armistice with Germany
2013:Hundred Days Offensive
2007:Hundred Days Offensive
1810:
1784:
1745:
1678:was coming to an end.
1650:
1446:
1348:
1192:, with detachments at
960:
914:
824:Second Anglo-Dutch War
779:Battle of Rowton Heath
603:calivers or arquebuses
562:4 & 5 Ph. & M.
558:4 & 5 Ph. & M.
366:Battle of the Standard
5920:Hertfordshire Militia
5217:Lt-Col. E.A.H. Webb,
5074:The Battle of Cambrai
5068:Capt. Wilfred Miles,
5042:Capt. Wilfred Miles,
4816:Sir John Fortescue,
4661:Col. John K. Dunlop,
4081:, Vol III, pp. 275–7.
3359:, pp. 97, 102, 126–7.
2358:Bedfordshire Regiment
2290:
2276:23rd on 28 April 1781
2214:Uniforms and insignia
2199:Supplementary Reserve
2036:Riencourt-lès-Bapaume
1974:South Wales Borderers
1820:Third Ypres Offensive
1808:
1775:
1743:
1696:Beaucourt-sur-l'Ancre
1648:
1444:
1346:
1312:Rifle Volunteer Corps
1110:members of parliament
1046:Prince of Wurttemberg
954:
912:
800:Hertfordshire Militia
574:justices of the peace
382:Statute of Winchester
301:Bedfordshire Regiment
272:Hertfordshire Militia
38:Bedfordshire Regiment
34:Hertfordshire Militia
5282:The Long, Long Trail
5094:Lawson Chase Nagel,
4827:Sir John Fortescue,
4351:, Vol V, pp. 206–10.
4338:Blaxland, pp. 247–8.
4267:O'Neill, pp. 289–91.
4161:O'Neill, pp. 230–49.
4005:, Vol I, pp. 418–22.
3961:, Vol I, pp. 95–100.
3850:, 16 September 1904.
3745:, file WO 95/3118/2.
3018:Western, Appendix B.
3006:Western, Appendix A.
2924:Hay, pp. 243–5, 261.
2737:Cruickshank, p. 326.
2728:Fissell, pp. 264–70.
2648:Boynton, Appendix I.
2639:Fissell, pp. 183–90.
2567:Boynton, Chapter II.
2427:Fissell, pp. 178–80.
2218:A 'Green' regiment (
1723:Actions of Miraumont
1609:(RN) reservists and
1469:South Africa 1900–02
1390:at the start of the
1320:Bedfordshire Militia
1085:Lord Charles Fitzroy
1062:Prisoner-of-war camp
994:Revolutionary France
828:Great Fire of London
701:London Trained Bands
5103:Ranald Nicholson, '
4484:IWM WMR Ref 11858 .
4429:Kipling & King.
4320:Gregory, pp. 180–3.
4227:O'Neill, pp. 255–6.
4187:, Vol II, pp. 34–5.
4174:, Vol I, pp. 520–1.
4090:Gregory, pp. 172–3.
4023:O'Neil, pp. 169–70.
3992:O'Neill, pp. 166–7.
3970:O'Neill, pp. 152–3.
3926:O'Neil, pp. 147–50.
3894:, 28 December 1916.
3547:Late Victorian Army
3523:Sainsbury, pp. 4–5.
3357:Late Victorian Army
3306:Grierson, pp. 27–8.
3221:Grierson, pp. 9–12.
3129:Holmes, pp. 94–100.
3074:Western, pp. 286–7.
2585:Fissell, pp. 184–5.
2576:Cruickshank, p. 17.
2321:Horse Guards Parade
2270:19th on 12 May 1779
2267:32nd on 1 June 1778
2160:6th Reserve Brigade
2070:Cantaing-sur-Escaut
1966:Battle of the Ancre
1688:Battle of the Ancre
1333:Newcastle upon Tyne
1254:In August 1852 the
1236:was revived by the
689:Eastern Association
644:Newcastle upon Tyne
581:Rising of the North
207:Battle of the Ancre
181:Battle of the Ancre
5940:Militia of England
5187:Edward M. Spiers,
5172:Edward M. Spiers,
5025:Martin Middlebrook
4969:Brig. E.A. James,
4838:J.B.M. Frederick,
4807:Sir John Fortescue
4652:Capt. John Davis,
4645:C.G. Cruickshank,
4554:Ian F.W. Beckett,
4539:Ian F.W. Beckett,
4462:IWM WMR Ref 19325.
4068:O'Neil, pp. 201–3.
4014:Inglis, pp. 196–8.
3624:Army & Society
3604:Dunlop, pp. 270–2.
3593:Army & Society
3426:Army & Society
3337:Dunlop, pp. 42–52.
3317:Army & Society
3269:Davis, pp. 205–18.
2963:Sainsbury, pp 1–2.
2868:Hay, pp. 114, 119.
2436:Grierson, pp. 6–7.
2293:
2279:13th on 7 May 1782
2222:one bearing green
2189:on 19 March 1920.
2152:White City, London
1811:
1785:
1746:
1731:Operation Alberich
1674:sector, where the
1651:
1619:Gallipoli campaign
1615:Defence of Antwerp
1585:(HAC) and the 1st
1447:
1436:Relief of Mafeking
1410:, where it joined
1376:Viscount Cranborne
1349:
1265:3rd Light Dragoons
1213:Battle of Waterloo
1145:Lieutenant-Colonel
1050:Princess Charlotte
1016:area and later to
961:
957:John Seymour Lucas
915:
760:Reading, Berkshire
743:Sir William Waller
570:deputy lieutenants
568:, assisted by the
280:South East England
64:Kingdom of England
5907:
5906:
5903:
5902:
5799:Argyll & Bute
5555:England and Wales
5543:
5542:
5528:England and Wales
5516:
5515:
5417:Argyll & Bute
5334:England and Wales
5227:978-1-84342-116-0
5082:978-1-84574-724-4
5064:978-1-84574-721-3
5009:978-0-14-103894-0
4994:978-1-84342-512-0
4979:978-1-84342-197-9
4949:978-0-00-722570-5
4917:978-1-78331-171-2
4863:978-1-84415-503-3
4786:978-1-78331-624-3
4759:978-1-84574-728-2
4740:978-1-84574-726-8
4713:978-1-84574-725-1
4686:978-1-84574-723-7
4640:978-1-84342-357-7
4628:978-0-85052-648-6
4569:Lindsay Boynton,
4564:978-1-4738-5603-5
4473:IWM WMR Ref 1160.
4298:Blaxland, p. 229.
4245:Blaxland, p. 204.
3904:Cave, pp. 108–25.
3646:James, pp. 59–60.
3595:, pp. 243–2, 254.
3297:Dunlop, pp. 42–5.
2933:Western pp. 56–7.
2839:Maitland, p. 326.
2556:Amateur Tradition
2481:Morris, pp. 92–7.
2454:Holmes, pp. 90–1.
2338:Militia (English)
2273:2nd on 6 May 1780
2235:regimental colour
2078:Battle of Cambrai
1912:Bazentin le Petit
1885:Operation Michael
1856:Battle of Cambrai
1591:Territorial Force
1481:Order of the Bath
1374:, his eldest son
1280:Aldershot Command
1206:Waterloo Campaign
1087:. It remained in
854:Treaty of Utrecht
836:Viscount Fanshawe
806:Militia (English)
680:Earl of Salisbury
676:English Civil War
542:
541:
472:Amwell hamlet in
455:Berkhamsted Parva
364:, notably at the
284:English Civil War
265:
264:
166:English Civil War
47:1572–1 April 1953
16:(Redirected from
5952:
5552:
5551:
5525:
5524:
5488:Londonderry (II)
5331:
5330:
5313:
5306:
5299:
5290:
5289:
5165:J.D. Sainsbury,
5087:John E. Morris,
4670:James E. Edmonds
4647:Elizabeth's Army
4524:Maj. A.F. Becke,
4486:
4481:
4475:
4470:
4464:
4459:
4453:
4448:
4439:
4436:
4430:
4427:
4421:
4418:
4412:
4407:
4401:
4398:
4392:
4389:
4383:
4380:
4374:
4367:
4361:
4360:O'Neill, p. 320.
4358:
4352:
4345:
4339:
4336:
4330:
4329:O'Neill, p. 318.
4327:
4321:
4318:
4312:
4305:
4299:
4296:
4290:
4289:O'Neill, p. 300.
4287:
4281:
4274:
4268:
4265:
4259:
4252:
4246:
4243:
4237:
4234:
4228:
4225:
4219:
4216:
4210:
4203:
4197:
4196:O'Neill, p. 249.
4194:
4188:
4181:
4175:
4168:
4162:
4159:
4153:
4150:
4144:
4143:Gregory, p. 179.
4141:
4135:
4128:
4122:
4119:
4113:
4106:
4100:
4099:O'Neill, p. 225.
4097:
4091:
4088:
4082:
4075:
4069:
4066:
4060:
4057:
4051:
4044:
4038:
4030:
4024:
4021:
4015:
4012:
4006:
3999:
3993:
3990:
3984:
3977:
3971:
3968:
3962:
3955:
3949:
3946:
3940:
3933:
3927:
3924:
3918:
3911:
3905:
3902:
3896:
3888:
3882:
3880:, 14 April 1916.
3874:
3868:
3863:
3852:
3844:
3838:
3833:
3827:
3826:Cave, pp. 106–8.
3824:
3818:
3813:
3782:
3779:
3746:
3736:
3683:
3678:
3661:
3656:
3647:
3644:
3627:
3620:
3614:
3611:
3605:
3602:
3596:
3589:
3583:
3580:
3574:
3571:
3565:
3564:
3556:
3550:
3543:
3537:
3534:Army and Society
3530:
3524:
3521:
3478:
3475:
3469:
3466:
3460:
3455:
3449:
3444:
3429:
3422:
3416:
3415:, various dates.
3410:
3381:
3380:Sainsbury, p. 3.
3378:
3369:
3368:Burgoyne, p. 84.
3366:
3360:
3353:
3347:
3344:
3338:
3335:
3329:
3326:
3320:
3313:
3307:
3304:
3298:
3295:
3289:
3288:, various dates.
3283:
3270:
3267:
3261:
3258:
3252:
3251:Sainsbury, p. 7.
3249:
3240:
3239:Western, p. 240.
3237:
3231:
3228:
3222:
3219:
3213:
3210:
3204:
3201:
3195:
3190:
3184:
3181:
3175:
3174:Hay, pp. 150–52.
3172:
3166:
3163:
3157:
3156:Burgoyne, p. 22.
3154:
3148:
3145:
3139:
3136:
3130:
3127:
3121:
3116:
3093:
3090:
3084:
3081:
3075:
3072:
3066:
3065:Western, p. 396.
3063:
3057:
3056:Western, p. 379.
3054:
3048:
3045:
3039:
3034:
3028:
3027:Western, p. 395.
3025:
3019:
3016:
3007:
3004:
2995:
2992:
2973:
2970:
2964:
2961:
2934:
2931:
2925:
2922:
2916:
2913:
2907:
2904:
2869:
2866:
2860:
2855:
2849:
2846:
2840:
2837:
2831:
2828:
2822:
2819:
2813:
2812:Hay, pp. 99–104.
2810:
2804:
2797:
2791:
2788:
2782:
2779:
2773:
2766:
2760:
2757:
2751:
2744:
2738:
2735:
2729:
2726:
2720:
2715:
2702:
2699:
2693:
2686:
2680:
2679:Davis, pp. 61–2.
2677:
2671:
2668:
2662:
2655:
2649:
2646:
2640:
2637:
2631:
2628:
2622:
2619:
2613:
2610:
2604:
2601:
2595:
2592:
2586:
2583:
2577:
2574:
2568:
2565:
2559:
2552:
2546:
2543:
2537:
2534:
2491:
2488:
2482:
2479:
2473:
2470:
2464:
2461:
2455:
2452:
2446:
2443:
2437:
2434:
2428:
2425:
2419:
2416:
2400:
2393:
2387:
2384:
2378:
2374:
2144:Kitchener's Army
2055:
2054:
2050:
2021:Battle of Albert
1978:Bantam battalion
1976:, (originally a
1789:Battle of Arleux
1692:Creeping barrage
1551:Kitchener's Army
1509:St John Brodrick
1455:Mounted infantry
1432:Fourteen Streams
1353:Childers Reforms
1335:in time of war.
1308:Cardwell Reforms
1302:Cardwell Reforms
1238:Militia Act 1852
1070:Treaty of Amiens
880:Seven Years' War
868:Seven Years' War
816:Militia Act 1661
786:Council of State
735:Leighton Buzzard
674:that led to the
431:
297:Cardwell Reforms
291:and men for the
213:Battle of Albert
192:Battle of Arleux
136:Militia Barracks
104:
88:
86:
85:
75:
73:
72:
62:
60:
59:
29:
28:
21:
5960:
5959:
5955:
5954:
5953:
5951:
5950:
5949:
5910:
5909:
5908:
5899:
5823:
5787:
5771:Channel Islands
5766:
5697:Nottinghamshire
5677:Montgomeryshire
5642:North Hampshire
5637:Gloucestershire
5597:Caernarvonshire
5592:Carmarthenshire
5577:Buckinghamshire
5539:
5512:
5483:Londonderry (I)
5441:
5405:
5322:
5317:
5287:
5243:
4853:Barry Gregory,
4494:
4489:
4482:
4478:
4471:
4467:
4460:
4456:
4449:
4442:
4437:
4433:
4428:
4424:
4419:
4415:
4408:
4404:
4399:
4395:
4390:
4386:
4381:
4377:
4368:
4364:
4359:
4355:
4346:
4342:
4337:
4333:
4328:
4324:
4319:
4315:
4306:
4302:
4297:
4293:
4288:
4284:
4275:
4271:
4266:
4262:
4253:
4249:
4244:
4240:
4235:
4231:
4226:
4222:
4217:
4213:
4204:
4200:
4195:
4191:
4182:
4178:
4169:
4165:
4160:
4156:
4151:
4147:
4142:
4138:
4129:
4125:
4120:
4116:
4112:, Vol I, p. 44.
4107:
4103:
4098:
4094:
4089:
4085:
4076:
4072:
4067:
4063:
4058:
4054:
4045:
4041:
4036:, 20 July 1917.
4031:
4027:
4022:
4018:
4013:
4009:
4000:
3996:
3991:
3987:
3978:
3974:
3969:
3965:
3956:
3952:
3948:O'Neil, p. 154.
3947:
3943:
3934:
3930:
3925:
3921:
3912:
3908:
3903:
3899:
3889:
3885:
3875:
3871:
3864:
3855:
3845:
3841:
3834:
3830:
3825:
3821:
3814:
3785:
3780:
3749:
3737:
3686:
3679:
3664:
3657:
3650:
3645:
3630:
3621:
3617:
3612:
3608:
3603:
3599:
3590:
3586:
3581:
3577:
3572:
3568:
3558:
3557:
3553:
3544:
3540:
3531:
3527:
3522:
3481:
3476:
3472:
3467:
3463:
3456:
3452:
3445:
3432:
3423:
3419:
3411:
3384:
3379:
3372:
3367:
3363:
3354:
3350:
3345:
3341:
3336:
3332:
3328:Hay, pp. 155–6.
3327:
3323:
3314:
3310:
3305:
3301:
3296:
3292:
3284:
3273:
3268:
3264:
3259:
3255:
3250:
3243:
3238:
3234:
3230:Knight, p. 238.
3229:
3225:
3220:
3216:
3211:
3207:
3202:
3198:
3191:
3187:
3182:
3178:
3173:
3169:
3165:Hussey, p. 163.
3164:
3160:
3155:
3151:
3146:
3142:
3137:
3133:
3128:
3124:
3117:
3096:
3091:
3087:
3082:
3078:
3073:
3069:
3064:
3060:
3055:
3051:
3046:
3042:
3035:
3031:
3026:
3022:
3017:
3010:
3005:
2998:
2993:
2976:
2971:
2967:
2962:
2937:
2932:
2928:
2923:
2919:
2914:
2910:
2905:
2872:
2867:
2863:
2856:
2852:
2848:Western, p. 64.
2847:
2843:
2838:
2834:
2830:Hay, pp. 104–6.
2829:
2825:
2820:
2816:
2811:
2807:
2801:Wanton Troopers
2798:
2794:
2789:
2785:
2780:
2776:
2770:Wanton Troopers
2767:
2763:
2758:
2754:
2748:Wanton Troopers
2745:
2741:
2736:
2732:
2727:
2723:
2716:
2705:
2700:
2696:
2690:Wanton Troopers
2687:
2683:
2678:
2674:
2669:
2665:
2656:
2652:
2647:
2643:
2638:
2634:
2629:
2625:
2620:
2616:
2611:
2607:
2602:
2598:
2593:
2589:
2584:
2580:
2575:
2571:
2566:
2562:
2553:
2549:
2544:
2540:
2536:Hay, pp. 286–9.
2535:
2494:
2489:
2485:
2480:
2476:
2471:
2467:
2462:
2458:
2453:
2449:
2444:
2440:
2435:
2431:
2426:
2422:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2404:
2403:
2394:
2390:
2385:
2381:
2375:
2371:
2366:
2353:Special Reserve
2329:
2298:
2260:
2224:company colours
2216:
2211:
2195:
2136:
2116:Sir Henry Horne
2093:Sars-la-Bruyère
2052:
2048:
2047:
2044:21st Division's
2025:Achiet-le-Grand
2009:
1908:Royal Engineers
1877:
1816:
1755:Arras Offensive
1751:
1727:Hindenburg Line
1684:
1676:Somme Offensive
1563:
1534:
1529:
1517:Special Reserve
1513:Haldane Reforms
1497:
1495:Special Reserve
1392:Second Boer War
1384:
1382:Second Boer War
1341:
1304:
1256:Earl of Verulam
1226:
1181:
1147:Commandant was
1105:
990:
941:Royal Artillery
937:William Amherst
920:
894:Tower of London
876:
870:
808:
802:
723:Buckinghamshire
713:of the LTBs as
697:Buckinghamshire
693:Newport Pagnell
668:
631:
599:
597:Armada Campaign
566:lord lieutenant
554:
548:
543:
511:Stanstead Thele
480:Cheshunt Street
443:Hertingfordbury
406:English longbow
396:kings. However
376:, and again by
341:English militia
337:
313:Haldane Reforms
309:Special Reserve
305:Second Boer War
268:
253:
249:
242:
171:Second Boer War
83:
81:
80:
70:
68:
67:
57:
55:
36:4th Battalion,
35:
33:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5958:
5948:
5947:
5942:
5937:
5932:
5927:
5922:
5905:
5904:
5901:
5900:
5898:
5897:
5892:
5887:
5882:
5877:
5875:Queen's County
5872:
5867:
5862:
5857:
5852:
5847:
5842:
5837:
5831:
5829:
5825:
5824:
5822:
5821:
5816:
5811:
5806:
5801:
5795:
5793:
5789:
5788:
5786:
5785:
5780:
5774:
5772:
5768:
5767:
5765:
5764:
5759:
5754:
5752:Worcestershire
5749:
5744:
5739:
5734:
5729:
5724:
5719:
5714:
5709:
5704:
5699:
5694:
5692:Northumberland
5689:
5684:
5679:
5674:
5672:Merionethshire
5669:
5664:
5659:
5654:
5649:
5644:
5639:
5634:
5629:
5624:
5619:
5614:
5609:
5604:
5599:
5594:
5589:
5584:
5582:Cambridgeshire
5579:
5574:
5572:Brecknockshire
5569:
5564:
5558:
5556:
5549:
5545:
5544:
5541:
5540:
5538:
5537:
5531:
5529:
5522:
5518:
5517:
5514:
5513:
5511:
5510:
5505:
5500:
5495:
5490:
5485:
5480:
5475:
5470:
5465:
5460:
5455:
5449:
5447:
5443:
5442:
5440:
5439:
5434:
5429:
5424:
5419:
5413:
5411:
5407:
5406:
5404:
5403:
5398:
5393:
5388:
5383:
5381:Northumberland
5378:
5373:
5368:
5363:
5358:
5353:
5348:
5343:
5337:
5335:
5328:
5324:
5323:
5316:
5315:
5308:
5301:
5293:
5286:
5285:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5258:
5256:(archive site)
5252:Steve Fuller,
5249:
5247:Anglo-Boer War
5242:
5241:External links
5239:
5238:
5237:
5232:J.R. Western,
5230:
5215:
5200:
5185:
5170:
5163:
5154:
5140:
5133:H.C. O’Neill,
5131:
5108:
5101:
5092:
5085:
5066:
5040:
5022:
5015:F. W. Maitland
5012:
4999:Roger Knight,
4997:
4982:
4967:
4954:Frank Hussey,
4952:
4937:Richard Holmes
4934:
4920:
4895:
4885:
4866:
4851:
4836:
4825:
4814:
4804:
4789:
4762:
4743:
4716:
4689:
4668:Brig-Gen. Sir
4666:
4659:
4650:
4643:
4616:
4602:
4588:
4581:
4574:
4567:
4552:
4537:
4522:
4508:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4487:
4476:
4465:
4454:
4440:
4431:
4422:
4413:
4402:
4393:
4384:
4375:
4362:
4353:
4340:
4331:
4322:
4313:
4300:
4291:
4282:
4269:
4260:
4247:
4238:
4229:
4220:
4211:
4198:
4189:
4176:
4163:
4154:
4145:
4136:
4123:
4114:
4101:
4092:
4083:
4070:
4061:
4052:
4039:
4034:London Gazette
4025:
4016:
4007:
3994:
3985:
3972:
3963:
3950:
3941:
3928:
3919:
3906:
3897:
3892:London Gazette
3883:
3878:London Gazette
3869:
3853:
3848:London Gazette
3839:
3828:
3819:
3783:
3747:
3684:
3662:
3648:
3628:
3615:
3606:
3597:
3584:
3575:
3566:
3551:
3538:
3525:
3479:
3470:
3461:
3450:
3430:
3417:
3382:
3370:
3361:
3348:
3339:
3330:
3321:
3308:
3299:
3290:
3271:
3262:
3253:
3241:
3232:
3223:
3214:
3205:
3196:
3185:
3176:
3167:
3158:
3149:
3147:Knight, p. 79.
3140:
3131:
3122:
3094:
3085:
3083:Davis, p. 112.
3076:
3067:
3058:
3049:
3040:
3029:
3020:
3008:
2996:
2974:
2965:
2935:
2926:
2917:
2908:
2870:
2861:
2850:
2841:
2832:
2823:
2814:
2805:
2792:
2783:
2774:
2761:
2752:
2750:pp. 59, 105–7.
2739:
2730:
2721:
2703:
2694:
2681:
2672:
2670:Hay, pp. 91–3.
2663:
2650:
2641:
2632:
2623:
2614:
2605:
2596:
2587:
2578:
2569:
2560:
2547:
2538:
2492:
2483:
2474:
2465:
2456:
2447:
2438:
2429:
2420:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2402:
2401:
2395:However, the
2388:
2379:
2368:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2361:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2328:
2325:
2297:
2294:
2281:
2280:
2277:
2274:
2271:
2268:
2259:
2256:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2194:
2191:
2140:Lord Kitchener
2135:
2132:
2128:demobilisation
2097:Quévy-le-Petit
2008:
2005:
1958:Tyneside Irish
1947:Victoria Cross
1876:
1873:
1836:Canadian Corps
1815:
1814:Winter 1917–18
1812:
1750:
1747:
1683:
1680:
1587:Artists Rifles
1567:Landguard Fort
1562:
1559:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1496:
1493:
1383:
1380:
1368:Prime Minister
1340:
1337:
1303:
1300:
1252:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1234:United Kingdom
1225:
1222:
1180:
1177:
1172:
1171:
1156:
1137:
1104:
1101:
989:
986:
945:Sergeant-Major
933:Lord Cranborne
919:
916:
872:Main article:
869:
866:
804:Main article:
801:
798:
769:marching from
767:New Model Army
711:Richard Browne
684:Hatfield House
667:
664:
635:King Charles I
630:
627:
598:
595:
550:Main article:
547:
544:
540:
539:
534:
533:
532:
526:
520:
514:
508:
505:
499:
493:
485:
484:
483:
477:
470:
464:
458:
452:
446:
440:
429:
336:
333:
325:Victoria Cross
266:
263:
262:
244:
238:
237:
233:
232:
231:
230:
229:
228:
223:
218:
215:
210:
204:
199:
194:
189:
184:
173:
168:
161:
157:
156:
150:
146:
145:
142:
138:
137:
131:
127:
126:
123:
119:
118:
113:
109:
108:
98:
94:
93:
90:United Kingdom
53:
49:
48:
45:
41:
40:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5957:
5946:
5943:
5941:
5938:
5936:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5926:
5923:
5921:
5918:
5917:
5915:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5883:
5881:
5878:
5876:
5873:
5871:
5868:
5866:
5863:
5861:
5858:
5856:
5853:
5851:
5850:King's County
5848:
5846:
5843:
5841:
5838:
5836:
5833:
5832:
5830:
5826:
5820:
5817:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5797:
5796:
5794:
5790:
5784:
5781:
5779:
5776:
5775:
5773:
5769:
5763:
5760:
5758:
5755:
5753:
5750:
5748:
5745:
5743:
5740:
5738:
5735:
5733:
5730:
5728:
5727:Staffordshire
5725:
5723:
5720:
5718:
5715:
5713:
5710:
5708:
5707:Pembrokeshire
5705:
5703:
5700:
5698:
5695:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
5668:
5665:
5663:
5660:
5658:
5655:
5653:
5650:
5648:
5647:Hertfordshire
5645:
5643:
5640:
5638:
5635:
5633:
5630:
5628:
5625:
5623:
5620:
5618:
5615:
5613:
5610:
5608:
5605:
5603:
5600:
5598:
5595:
5593:
5590:
5588:
5587:Cardiganshire
5585:
5583:
5580:
5578:
5575:
5573:
5570:
5568:
5565:
5563:
5560:
5559:
5557:
5553:
5550:
5546:
5536:
5535:Monmouthshire
5533:
5532:
5530:
5526:
5523:
5519:
5509:
5506:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5496:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5469:
5466:
5464:
5461:
5459:
5456:
5454:
5451:
5450:
5448:
5444:
5438:
5435:
5433:
5430:
5428:
5425:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5415:
5414:
5412:
5408:
5402:
5399:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5389:
5387:
5384:
5382:
5379:
5377:
5374:
5372:
5369:
5367:
5364:
5362:
5359:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5349:
5347:
5344:
5342:
5339:
5338:
5336:
5332:
5329:
5325:
5321:
5314:
5309:
5307:
5302:
5300:
5295:
5294:
5291:
5284:
5283:
5280:Chris Baker,
5278:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5264:
5261:David Plant,
5259:
5257:
5255:
5250:
5248:
5245:
5244:
5235:
5231:
5228:
5224:
5220:
5216:
5213:
5212:0-900093-17-X
5209:
5205:
5201:
5198:
5197:0-7190-2659-8
5194:
5190:
5186:
5183:
5182:0-582-48565-7
5179:
5175:
5171:
5168:
5164:
5162:
5160:
5155:
5153:
5149:
5145:
5141:
5138:
5137:
5132:
5129:
5128:1-85367-100-2
5125:
5121:
5117:
5113:
5109:
5106:
5102:
5099:
5098:
5093:
5090:
5086:
5083:
5079:
5075:
5071:
5067:
5065:
5061:
5057:
5056:0-89839-169-5
5053:
5049:
5045:
5041:
5038:
5037:0-14-017135-5
5034:
5030:
5026:
5023:
5020:
5016:
5013:
5010:
5006:
5002:
4998:
4995:
4991:
4987:
4983:
4980:
4976:
4972:
4968:
4965:
4964:0-86138-027-4
4961:
4957:
4953:
4950:
4946:
4942:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4929:
4925:
4921:
4918:
4914:
4910:
4909:0-9508530-7-0
4906:
4902:
4901:
4896:
4893:
4889:
4886:
4883:
4882:0-947898-81-6
4879:
4875:
4871:
4867:
4864:
4860:
4856:
4852:
4849:
4848:1-85117-007-3
4845:
4841:
4837:
4834:
4830:
4826:
4823:
4819:
4815:
4812:
4808:
4805:
4802:
4801:0-521-34520-0
4798:
4794:
4790:
4787:
4783:
4779:
4778:1-870423-06-2
4775:
4771:
4767:
4763:
4760:
4756:
4752:
4748:
4744:
4741:
4737:
4733:
4732:1-870423-94-1
4729:
4725:
4721:
4717:
4714:
4710:
4706:
4705:0-89839-219-5
4702:
4698:
4694:
4690:
4687:
4683:
4679:
4675:
4671:
4667:
4664:
4660:
4657:
4656:
4651:
4648:
4644:
4641:
4637:
4633:
4629:
4625:
4621:
4617:
4615:
4611:
4607:
4603:
4601:
4597:
4593:
4589:
4586:
4582:
4579:
4576:Steve Brown,
4575:
4572:
4568:
4565:
4561:
4557:
4553:
4550:
4549:0-7190-2912-0
4546:
4542:
4538:
4535:
4534:1-84734-741-X
4531:
4527:
4523:
4521:
4517:
4513:
4509:
4506:
4505:
4500:
4497:
4496:
4485:
4480:
4474:
4469:
4463:
4458:
4452:
4447:
4445:
4435:
4426:
4417:
4411:
4406:
4397:
4388:
4379:
4372:
4366:
4357:
4350:
4344:
4335:
4326:
4317:
4310:
4304:
4295:
4286:
4279:
4273:
4264:
4257:
4251:
4242:
4236:James, p. 69.
4233:
4224:
4218:James, p. 47.
4215:
4208:
4202:
4193:
4186:
4180:
4173:
4167:
4158:
4149:
4140:
4133:
4127:
4118:
4111:
4105:
4096:
4087:
4080:
4074:
4065:
4056:
4049:
4043:
4037:
4035:
4029:
4020:
4011:
4004:
3998:
3989:
3982:
3976:
3967:
3960:
3954:
3945:
3938:
3932:
3923:
3916:
3910:
3901:
3895:
3893:
3887:
3881:
3879:
3873:
3867:
3862:
3860:
3858:
3851:
3849:
3843:
3837:
3832:
3823:
3817:
3812:
3810:
3808:
3806:
3804:
3802:
3800:
3798:
3796:
3794:
3792:
3790:
3788:
3778:
3776:
3774:
3772:
3770:
3768:
3766:
3764:
3762:
3760:
3758:
3756:
3754:
3752:
3744:
3740:
3735:
3733:
3731:
3729:
3727:
3725:
3723:
3721:
3719:
3717:
3715:
3713:
3711:
3709:
3707:
3705:
3703:
3701:
3699:
3697:
3695:
3693:
3691:
3689:
3682:
3677:
3675:
3673:
3671:
3669:
3667:
3660:
3655:
3653:
3643:
3641:
3639:
3637:
3635:
3633:
3625:
3619:
3610:
3601:
3594:
3588:
3579:
3570:
3562:
3555:
3548:
3542:
3535:
3529:
3520:
3518:
3516:
3514:
3512:
3510:
3508:
3506:
3504:
3502:
3500:
3498:
3496:
3494:
3492:
3490:
3488:
3486:
3484:
3474:
3468:Webb, p. 441.
3465:
3459:
3454:
3448:
3443:
3441:
3439:
3437:
3435:
3427:
3421:
3414:
3409:
3407:
3405:
3403:
3401:
3399:
3397:
3395:
3393:
3391:
3389:
3387:
3377:
3375:
3365:
3358:
3352:
3343:
3334:
3325:
3318:
3312:
3303:
3294:
3287:
3282:
3280:
3278:
3276:
3266:
3257:
3248:
3246:
3236:
3227:
3218:
3209:
3200:
3194:
3189:
3180:
3171:
3162:
3153:
3144:
3135:
3126:
3120:
3115:
3113:
3111:
3109:
3107:
3105:
3103:
3101:
3099:
3089:
3080:
3071:
3062:
3053:
3044:
3038:
3033:
3024:
3015:
3013:
3003:
3001:
2991:
2989:
2987:
2985:
2983:
2981:
2979:
2969:
2960:
2958:
2956:
2954:
2952:
2950:
2948:
2946:
2944:
2942:
2940:
2930:
2921:
2912:
2903:
2901:
2899:
2897:
2895:
2893:
2891:
2889:
2887:
2885:
2883:
2881:
2879:
2877:
2875:
2865:
2859:
2854:
2845:
2836:
2827:
2818:
2809:
2802:
2796:
2787:
2778:
2771:
2765:
2756:
2749:
2743:
2734:
2725:
2719:
2714:
2712:
2710:
2708:
2698:
2691:
2685:
2676:
2667:
2660:
2654:
2645:
2636:
2627:
2618:
2609:
2600:
2591:
2582:
2573:
2564:
2557:
2551:
2542:
2533:
2531:
2529:
2527:
2525:
2523:
2521:
2519:
2517:
2515:
2513:
2511:
2509:
2507:
2505:
2503:
2501:
2499:
2497:
2487:
2478:
2469:
2460:
2451:
2445:Hay, pp. 60–1
2442:
2433:
2424:
2415:
2411:
2398:
2392:
2383:
2373:
2369:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2333:Trained Bands
2331:
2330:
2324:
2322:
2318:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2304:
2289:
2285:
2278:
2275:
2272:
2269:
2266:
2265:
2264:
2255:
2252:
2251:Maltese cross
2248:
2244:
2239:
2236:
2232:
2227:
2225:
2221:
2206:
2204:
2200:
2190:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2179:102nd Brigade
2175:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2131:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2112:
2110:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2085:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2058:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2032:
2030:
2029:No man's land
2026:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2004:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1985:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1954:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1939:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1872:
1870:
1866:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1840:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1807:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1742:
1738:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1719:Ancre Heights
1716:
1712:
1707:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1679:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1647:
1643:
1640:
1634:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1611:Royal Marines
1608:
1604:
1600:
1599:190th Brigade
1596:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1558:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1543:Western Front
1539:
1524:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1492:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1467:
1466:Battle Honour
1462:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1443:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1400:
1398:
1393:
1389:
1379:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1360:
1358:
1354:
1345:
1336:
1334:
1330:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1299:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1285:
1284:Indian Mutiny
1281:
1277:
1272:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1257:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1242:
1241:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1221:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1176:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1135:
1131:
1130:Hertfordshire
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1114:
1113:
1111:
1100:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1073:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1057:
1055:
1054:Ashford, Kent
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1010:
1008:
1004:
999:
995:
985:
982:
978:
974:
970:
966:
958:
953:
949:
946:
942:
938:
934:
929:
928:Coxheath Camp
925:
911:
907:
905:
900:
895:
891:
886:
881:
875:
865:
863:
859:
855:
850:
848:
844:
843:Earl of Essex
839:
837:
833:
829:
825:
820:
817:
813:
807:
797:
795:
791:
787:
782:
780:
776:
772:
768:
763:
761:
757:
753:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
715:Major-General
712:
709:
704:
702:
698:
694:
690:
687:Parliament's
685:
681:
677:
673:
663:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
640:Bishops' Wars
636:
629:Bishops' Wars
626:
624:
620:
619:Earl of Essex
616:
612:
611:Armada Crisis
608:
604:
594:
591:
587:
586:Trained Bands
582:
577:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
553:
552:Trained Bands
538:
535:
530:
527:
524:
521:
518:
515:
512:
509:
506:
503:
500:
497:
494:
491:
490:Waltham Cross
488:
487:
486:
481:
478:
475:
471:
468:
465:
462:
459:
456:
453:
450:
447:
444:
441:
439:
435:
434:
433:
432:
428:
426:
422:
418:
414:
409:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
378:King Edward I
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
350:
346:
342:
335:Early history
332:
330:
326:
322:
318:
317:Western Front
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
289:
285:
281:
277:
276:Hertfordshire
273:
267:Military unit
261:
257:
252:
248:
245:
239:
234:
227:
224:
222:
219:
216:
214:
211:
208:
205:
203:
200:
198:
195:
193:
190:
188:
185:
182:
179:
178:
177:
174:
172:
169:
167:
164:
163:
162:
158:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
132:
128:
125:1–3 Regiments
124:
120:
117:
114:
110:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
78:
65:
54:
50:
46:
42:
39:
30:
27:
19:
5804:Berwickshire
5646:
5607:Denbighshire
5562:Bedfordshire
5281:
5262:
5253:
5233:
5218:
5203:
5188:
5173:
5166:
5158:
5143:
5135:
5119:
5115:
5112:Charles Oman
5104:
5096:
5088:
5073:
5069:
5047:
5043:
5028:
5018:
5000:
4985:
4970:
4955:
4940:
4923:
4899:
4891:
4873:
4854:
4839:
4832:
4828:
4821:
4817:
4810:
4792:
4769:
4765:
4750:
4746:
4723:
4719:
4696:
4692:
4677:
4673:
4662:
4654:
4646:
4631:
4619:
4618:Nigel Cave,
4605:
4591:
4584:
4570:
4555:
4540:
4525:
4511:
4503:
4479:
4468:
4457:
4434:
4425:
4416:
4405:
4396:
4387:
4378:
4370:
4365:
4356:
4348:
4343:
4334:
4325:
4316:
4308:
4303:
4294:
4285:
4277:
4272:
4263:
4255:
4250:
4241:
4232:
4223:
4214:
4206:
4201:
4192:
4184:
4179:
4171:
4166:
4157:
4148:
4139:
4131:
4126:
4117:
4109:
4104:
4095:
4086:
4078:
4073:
4064:
4055:
4047:
4042:
4033:
4028:
4019:
4010:
4002:
3997:
3988:
3980:
3975:
3966:
3958:
3953:
3944:
3936:
3931:
3922:
3914:
3909:
3900:
3891:
3886:
3877:
3872:
3847:
3842:
3831:
3822:
3626:, pp. 275–7.
3623:
3618:
3609:
3600:
3592:
3587:
3578:
3569:
3560:
3554:
3546:
3541:
3533:
3528:
3473:
3464:
3453:
3428:, pp. 195–6.
3425:
3420:
3412:
3364:
3356:
3351:
3342:
3333:
3324:
3316:
3311:
3302:
3293:
3285:
3265:
3260:Hay, p. 152.
3256:
3235:
3226:
3217:
3208:
3199:
3188:
3179:
3170:
3161:
3152:
3143:
3134:
3125:
3088:
3079:
3070:
3061:
3052:
3043:
3032:
3023:
2968:
2929:
2920:
2911:
2864:
2853:
2844:
2835:
2826:
2817:
2808:
2800:
2795:
2786:
2777:
2769:
2764:
2755:
2747:
2742:
2733:
2724:
2697:
2689:
2684:
2675:
2666:
2658:
2653:
2644:
2635:
2626:
2617:
2608:
2599:
2590:
2581:
2572:
2563:
2555:
2550:
2541:
2486:
2477:
2468:
2459:
2450:
2441:
2432:
2423:
2414:
2391:
2382:
2372:
2314:
2311:
2302:
2299:
2282:
2261:
2246:
2240:
2228:
2219:
2217:
2203:World War II
2196:
2176:
2171:
2167:
2155:
2137:
2113:
2086:
2059:
2033:
2010:
1986:
1955:
1940:
1878:
1841:
1817:
1801:
1793:2nd Division
1786:
1776:
1752:
1708:
1703:
1702:, sandbags,
1685:
1652:
1635:
1574:
1564:
1546:
1535:
1532:Mobilisation
1520:
1498:
1468:
1463:
1459:Lord Methuen
1448:
1428:Orange River
1424:Modder River
1401:
1396:
1385:
1361:
1356:
1350:
1323:
1305:
1288:
1273:
1269:16th Lancers
1253:
1227:
1224:1852 reforms
1210:
1182:
1173:
1126:Thomas Brand
1106:
1074:
1066:Norman Cross
1058:
1011:
1005:and mounted
991:
981:peace treaty
965:Gordon Riots
962:
921:
904:peace treaty
902:1763 once a
877:
851:
840:
821:
809:
794:Protectorate
790:Commonwealth
783:
764:
752:River Thames
705:
669:
632:
600:
578:
555:
536:
410:
389:
385:
362:Norman kings
347:
338:
295:. Under the
293:Regular Army
271:
269:
26:
5860:Londonderry
5712:Radnorshire
5702:Oxfordshire
5687:Northampton
5072:, Vol III,
4831:, Vol VII,
3319:, pp. 91–2.
2661:, pp. 24–5.
2603:Hay, p. 88.
2545:Hay, p. 67.
2377:enlistment.
2103:, south of
2001:Toutencourt
1991:, north of
1936:Englebelmer
1928:Aveluy Wood
1916:Courcelette
1889:Flesquières
1875:Spring 1918
1869:Mustard gas
1860:Havrincourt
1767:barbed wire
1571:Southampton
1555:World War I
1527:World War I
1412:9th Brigade
1296:Woburn Park
1089:East Anglia
988:French Wars
885:Berkhamsted
719:Oxfordshire
623:Elizabeth I
394:Plantagenet
345:Anglo-Saxon
321:World War I
176:World War I
160:Engagements
141:Nickname(s)
130:Garrison/HQ
92:(1801–1953)
79:(1707–1800)
66:(1558–1707)
5914:Categories
5762:North York
5657:Lancashire
5627:Flintshire
5503:Mid-Ulster
5437:Haddington
5371:Lancashire
5346:Carmarthen
5120:378–1278AD
5046:, Vol II,
4820:, Vol VI,
4749:, Vol IV,
4722:, Vol II,
4676:, Vol II,
4499:L.S. Amery
4492:References
4438:Churchill.
2803:pp. 151–3.
2258:Precedence
2164:Colchester
2148:Dovercourt
2095:to attack
1951:Forceville
1852:Third Army
1848:Houtkerque
1668:Fifth Army
1664:First Army
1623:War Office
1607:Royal Navy
1593:, and the
1538:Felixstowe
1416:Vaal River
1388:Black Week
1327:Division,
1211:After the
1095:and later
1093:Sunderland
1034:Chichester
1030:Chelmsford
1003:Volunteers
973:inoculated
810:After the
672:Parliament
656:iconoclasm
517:Stapleford
507:Amwell: 32
502:Brickendon
467:Broxbourne
421:Henry VIII
398:Edward III
311:under the
243:commanders
236:Commanders
5890:Westmeath
5880:Tipperary
5845:Fermanagh
5809:Edinburgh
5757:East York
5747:Wiltshire
5667:Middlesex
5632:Glamorgan
5567:Berkshire
5521:Engineers
5493:Tipperary
5422:Edinburgh
5401:Yorkshire
5361:Glamorgan
5327:Artillery
5152:442196788
5118:, Vol I,
4888:H.G. Hart
4833:1809–1810
4822:1807–1809
4768:, Vol V,
4695:, Vol I,
4276:Edmonds,
4254:Edmonds,
4205:Edmonds,
4183:Edmonds,
4170:Edmonds,
4130:Edmonds,
4108:Edmonds,
4046:Edmonds,
3561:The Times
3549:, p. 309.
3536:, p. 239.
3413:Army List
2799:Beckett,
2768:Beckett,
2746:Beckett,
2688:Beckett,
2657:Beckett,
2554:Beckett,
2364:Footnotes
2296:Memorials
2120:Erquennes
2082:Niergnies
1920:High Wood
1879:When the
1781:John Nash
1735:Miraumont
1547:see below
1408:Kimberley
1404:Cape Town
1364:Aldershot
1329:VII Corps
1324:Army List
1188:, and at
1151:, MP for
1141:Braughing
1134:Stevenage
1014:Sevenoaks
998:St Albans
969:Hyde Park
747:Towcester
727:Berkshire
666:Civil War
625:in 1603.
474:Hoddesdon
390:vintenars
329:Armistice
149:Mascot(s)
5865:Longford
5792:Scotland
5778:Guernsey
5722:Somerset
5602:Cheshire
5548:Infantry
5410:Scotland
5386:Pembroke
5341:Cardigan
4932:44226981
4868:Lt-Col.
4614:44226867
4600:44222686
4520:44227944
4400:Rinaldi.
3622:Spiers,
3591:Spiers,
3545:Spiers,
3532:Spiers,
3424:Spiers,
3355:Spiers,
3315:Spiers,
3037:Herbert.
2692:, p. 25.
2558:, p. 20.
2327:See also
2064:for the
2062:Moeuvres
2017:Souastre
1924:Thiepval
1900:Léchelle
1865:Marcoing
1844:Eringhem
1759:Gavrelle
1617:and the
1579:Le Havre
1575:Inventor
1501:Yeomanry
1451:Mafeking
1426:and the
1420:Commando
1202:Napoleon
1186:Limerick
1153:Hertford
1081:Boulogne
1077:Napoleon
1026:billeted
1007:Yeomanry
977:Smallpox
975:against
775:Cheshire
773:towards
615:pioneers
590:captains
513:: 1 + 10
469:: 2 + 25
461:Essendon
451:: 1 + 21
425:Hertford
417:Hundreds
386:ductores
134:Hertford
116:Infantry
5895:Wicklow
5855:Leitrim
5840:Donegal
5828:Ireland
5732:Suffolk
5717:Rutland
5682:Norfolk
5508:Wicklow
5468:Donegal
5446:Ireland
5391:Suffolk
5376:Norfolk
5161:, 2006.
4451:Baldry.
4410:Carman.
4077:Miles,
4001:Falls,
3979:Falls,
3957:Falls,
3935:Falls,
3913:Miles,
3447:Parkyn.
2772:p. 107.
2659:Amateur
2305:), the
2231:facings
2193:Postwar
2101:Harveng
2074:Cambrai
2051:⁄
2040:Bapaume
2038:, near
1896:dugouts
1892:Salient
1711:Nouvion
1670:in the
1660:Calonne
1656:Souchez
1491:(DCM).
1397:Goorkha
1232:of the
1230:Militia
1194:Leitrim
1179:Ireland
1164:Dacorum
1118:Hitchin
1112:(MPs):
1042:Harwich
1028:in the
1018:Ipswich
890:Royston
708:Colonel
652:Puritan
648:Harwich
609:). The
607:pikemen
496:Wormley
449:Bayford
438:billmen
358:Sheriff
319:during
288:Militia
254:Lt-Col
241:Notable
217:Thilloy
106:Militia
52:Country
5885:Tyrone
5783:Jersey
5742:Sussex
5737:Surrey
5662:London
5622:Durham
5617:Dorset
5498:Tyrone
5478:Galway
5473:Dublin
5458:Armagh
5453:Antrim
5396:Sussex
5356:Durham
5225:
5210:
5195:
5180:
5150:
5126:
5080:
5062:
5054:
5035:
5007:
4992:
4977:
4962:
4947:
4930:
4915:
4907:
4880:
4861:
4846:
4799:
4784:
4776:
4757:
4738:
4730:
4711:
4703:
4684:
4638:
4626:
4612:
4598:
4562:
4547:
4532:
4518:
4501:(ed),
3286:Hart's
3193:Brown.
3119:Busby.
2243:garter
2138:After
2089:St Pol
1997:Acheux
1993:Amiens
1989:Talmas
1943:Albert
1932:Aveluy
1828:Ourton
1822:, the
1662:under
1370:, the
1276:Crimea
1190:Carlow
1160:Cashio
1038:Warley
1022:Warley
847:Troops
756:Henley
731:Oxford
660:Popish
537:
523:Bengeo
413:Tudors
354:shires
286:, the
209:(1918)
183:(1916)
97:Branch
87:
74:
61:
44:Active
5870:Meath
5835:Clare
5612:Devon
5463:Clare
5351:Devon
5148:JSTOR
4928:JSTOR
4610:JSTOR
4596:JSTOR
4516:JSTOR
2407:Notes
2187:Ripon
1960:) Bn
1904:Ytres
1832:Ypres
1749:Arras
1715:Ancre
1700:bombs
1682:Ancre
1672:Somme
1631:189th
1627:188th
1291:cadre
1122:Odsey
771:Thame
754:near
745:near
646:from
529:Tewin
5814:Fife
5652:Kent
5427:Fife
5366:Kent
5223:ISBN
5208:ISBN
5193:ISBN
5178:ISBN
5124:ISBN
5110:Sir
5078:ISBN
5060:ISBN
5052:ISBN
5033:ISBN
5005:ISBN
4990:ISBN
4975:ISBN
4960:ISBN
4945:ISBN
4913:ISBN
4905:ISBN
4878:ISBN
4859:ISBN
4844:ISBN
4797:ISBN
4782:ISBN
4774:ISBN
4755:ISBN
4736:ISBN
4728:ISBN
4709:ISBN
4701:ISBN
4682:ISBN
4636:ISBN
4624:ISBN
4560:ISBN
4545:ISBN
4530:ISBN
4371:1918
4349:1918
4309:1918
4278:1918
4256:1918
4207:1918
4185:1918
4172:1918
4132:1918
4110:1918
4079:1917
4048:1917
4003:1917
3981:1917
3959:1917
3937:1917
3915:1916
2105:Mons
1846:and
1797:Oppy
1658:and
1629:and
1438:.
1351:The
1267:and
1228:The
1198:Athy
1196:and
1162:and
1097:Hull
1020:and
899:Hart
862:1745
860:and
858:1715
792:and
725:and
572:and
531:: 21
525:: 29
519:: 14
504:: 28
498:: 22
482:: 93
476:: 12
463:: 20
457:: 12
445:: 34
374:1252
372:and
349:Fyrd
339:The
270:The
154:hart
122:Size
112:Role
2319:on
2303:sic
2247:sic
2158:in
1914:to
1779:by
1704:etc
1633:).
1601:in
1064:at
717:of
695:in
682:of
662:'.
380:'s
278:in
5916::
5114:,
5027:,
5017:,
4939:,
4890:,
4809:,
4672:,
4443:^
3856:^
3786:^
3750:^
3741:,
3687:^
3665:^
3651:^
3631:^
3482:^
3433:^
3385:^
3373:^
3274:^
3244:^
3097:^
3011:^
2999:^
2977:^
2938:^
2873:^
2706:^
2495:^
2323:.
2220:ie
2174:.
1938:.
1557:.
1507:,
1298:.
1286:.
1208:.
1072:.
1009:.
864:.
834:,
781:.
721:,
408:.
260:VC
258:,
152:A
5312:e
5305:t
5298:v
5229:.
5214:.
5199:.
5184:.
5130:.
5084:.
5039:.
5011:.
4996:.
4981:.
4966:.
4951:.
4919:.
4884:.
4865:.
4850:.
4803:.
4788:.
4761:.
4742:.
4715:.
4688:.
4642:.
4566:.
4551:.
4536:.
2301:(
2053:2
2049:1
1883:(
1729:(
1155:.
959:.
20:)
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